The Detroit times. [volume], November 26, 1913, AFTERNOON EDITION, Image 11

About The Detroit times. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1903-1920

Image provided by: Central Michigan University, Clark Historical Library

                
SLIDES AND BREAKS MADE WORK
OF DIGGING BIG DITCH TITAN
TASK, SA YS COLONEL GOEiHALS
(Editor • Not**-Thi» in the mcoo'.l
tart of Col. Ciocthulu' own story of tits
Panama Canal. which h«> built, and It
tills of the wonder fill work of prepar
ations anil of the areal obstacles that
ivers to be overcome. Two years ware
spent In the work of prcp iration alone,
in building u plant and netting to*
aether the force and the machinery.
And now, for tho Mrst time, the real
story of those dibaatrous slides und
breaks Is told, those tremendous up
heavals of nature which increased the
burden placed upon the shoulder* of
the great directing genius, but which
never caused him to waver front Ids
pur pus. to finish the work In the time
that was set for him to finish It. Thero
fc ha* been no greater exhibition of en
t urattce und sheer nerve in the history
of the world thun this calm, able man
has given, fighting the forces of
nature. directing his tremendous army
of more tlmn fifty thousand souls and
pushing through every obstacle tt
great achievement )
PART 11.
By COL. GEORGE WASHINGTON
GOETHALS.
Corpg of Engineer*, United State*
Army, Chairman and Chief Engin
••r, Isthmian Canal Commission.
« (Copyrighted, mil, by the Newspaper
Enterprise Association in the United
Mates, Great Itrltuln. France anil
Gorman y)
Tho first two and a half years of
American control on the canal zone
were given to preparation. All ener
gies were devoted during that time
to rid the isthmus of disease by uaui
tation, to recruiting and organizing a,
working force, and providing for it
rultable houses. hotels, messes, kitch
ens, and an adequate food supply; to
assembling the plant to do the work;
isting railway system, and to estab
lishing a system of civil government
for the canal zone, which Is a strip
of land 10 miles wide, five miles on
either side of the center of the canal,
extending across the isthmus.
The work of sanitation Included
clearing lands, draining and filling
pools and swamps for tho extermina
tion of the mosquito, the establish
ment of hospitals for the care of the
sick and injured, and the qiiarantlne.
In addition, to secure and maintain
better health conditions, municipal im
provements were undertaken In the
cdtloa of Colon and Panama and the
» “Come With Us to
Zrfe The Washington”
Detroit'§ Mott Beautiful
THIS is the slogan which we are going to impress on the minds of every con
of finished actors SUITICr of Butter Flake and Malt Bread. “Come With Us to the Washington,
the foremost on the sitncncuH stage. uno
™l‘k , h‘fh°')LS h pia i n ,!' ro " ,h "“ r ‘ go ‘" we mean by this, be our guest and enjoy the high-class performances at this
well-known playhouse. This offer is made to all who are willing to par-
WX*VX\A\%*XX\X%\X\\\V\VXXVVX*%V\X%\*\XVXVV»XXVV\XVS*\*VXX\ take of the exceptional qualities of Butter Flake and Malt Bread, which
| j represent the highest standard of bread making. Quality has been
| j | the p re( lominent slogan of our master bakers to produce these
| two famous brands of bread and that they may have succeed-
Vs\ll ed is evident by the growing demand. The very latest and
M. UU most up-to-date machinery has been installed in order
——— to produce the very best obtainable known
ii Are Invited • modern bread baking.
To Enjoy a Performance the Van Dyke Bakery
i —i—» ••••• a
£ MISS JULIE HERNE. MR. MITCHELL HARRIB. gi
S « • • *u S « \ Just save ten labels from either Butter Flake A
\ Starring in a tenet of new playt never before teen in tnit city, Zt Q
J Mitt Julie Herne and Mr. Mitchell Harrit, both well known playert, J or Malt Bread and present at Box Oflice for £
j will take a leading part in The Leper, a deep moral drama, the g ticket to any Tuesday or Thursday matinee.
i week beginning Monday, December 1. Theae two favontet of the 5
itage alto appear a number other playt Qff ft ftff ft '
VAN DYKE BAKERY
| various settlements along the Unc of
tlu) canal, such as the construction of
reservoirs, with mains and adjuncts,
for furnishing wholesome and ouffl
clent water, sewerage, pavements and
a system of roads.
Buildings to the number of 2.009
were constructed, including office
buildiugs, hospitals, hotels, meases,
kitchens, shops, store houroa, and llv
• log quarters. In addition to this. 1.530
j buildings out of a total of 2,200 build
!*lngs turned over by tho French were
■ remodeled and repaired for use.
j Recruiting agencies were establish
jed in the United States, Europe and
tho West Indies.
* The commissary department of the
Panama Railroad <’c>. was enlarged
until it became a great department
store, supplying to tho employes what
ever was necessary for their comfort
and convenience. Man ufaotu ring,
cold storage and laundry plants wore
established and turned out each day
about 90 tons of Ice, 14,000 loaves of
bread. 2,400 rolls, 250 gallons of Ico
cream, 1,000 pounds of roasted coffee,
and 7,500 pieces of laundry. Four to
five refrigerator cars, loaded with
meats, vegetables and such fruits as
could be obtained, were sdnt out on
the night freight to distant points, aud
every morning a supply train of about
10 cars, of which number six to eight
were refrigerator cara, left Cristobal
at 4:30 to distribute foodstuffs and
laundry to the local commissaries
along the lino, where employes could
make their purchases and where the
hotels, messes and kitchens secured
their supplies for the day.
The construction plant, consisting
of steam shovels, locomotives, cars,
unloaders, spreaders, track-shifters,
pile-drivers, cranes, dredges, steam
boats, tugs and barges, was pur
chased, for the most part “knocked
down.” and the shops for their erec
tion and repair were constructed and
enlarged. Some of the machinery
was built from parts manufactured in
thf» shops. The distance from the
home market, with attendant vexa
tious delays In securing parts and
material and the necessity for keep
ing the construction plant In the most
efficient condition for economical oper-j
ation, made It imi>eratlve that the
THE DETROIT TIMES* » NOVEMBER 1913.
shops be equipped te meet every pos
sible contingency.
The capacity of tho Panama rail
road \va» increased by double track
i Ing It throughout, except from Cris
tobal to Puraiso. Yards were en
larged and connections made to area*
available for dumping grounds.
Laws were trained and civil gov
i arnment was established with its
uoctssary adjuncts of courts, police
force, fire eom;>anlos. customs and
revenue service, postofllces, public
works and treasury.
A purchasing department was or
ganized in the United States for the
obtalnment of supplies of all kinds
and descriptions. Upon arrival on the
isthmus, the supplies were shipped to
tho various subdivisions of the canal
work for which they were purchased
or they were placed in storehouses
along the line for issue when re
quired.
It was only after these various, yet
necessary, adjuncts had been provided
and the forces for their operation
were organized that the principal
work in hand, the building of tho
canal, could be pushed forward with
any hope of eucesa, and too much
praise cannot be given to those who
looncelved and established them in a
' working condition. The Department
of Engineering and Construction \faa
divided into three construction divi
sions. The Atlantic Division embrac
ed tho engineering construction from
deep water In the Carrlbean sea to In
clude the Gatun locks and dam; the
j Central Division extended from Oatun
|to Pedro Miguel and the Pacific Divi
sion from Pedro Miguel to deep water
In the Pacific ocean.
As already noted, the Americans
continued the work in progress by
the French in the cut commonly
known as the Culebra cut, utilizing
the French machinery until it could
be replaced by more modern applian
ces. This w’as the most formidable
part of the enterprise on account of
the magnitude of the cutting and also
I because of the difficulties attending
It due to the excessive falnfall and
|to the varying character of the ma
terials encountered.
The Fri*ach so planned the excava
tion that after the removal of the peak
of the divide and lessor summits they
could work a number of excavator*
simultaneously at several |K>inls, so
that a succession of benches or ledges
resulted, lying one above the other,
each with natural surface at the point
of beginning. By working iu the di
rection of the longht of the cut, the
face of the bank gave th** longest cut
ting possible, reducing t' number of
times the excavator must be hauled
liark, and secured a satisfactory
drainage arrangement, since the cut
ting was carried up grade on cither
side of tho summit.
The Americans followed the same
method, the only difference being In
Lite character of machinery used.
The greatest difficulty enooniftered
In tho excavation was due to slides
and breaks which caused large mass
es of material to slide or move into
I the excavated area, closing off the
drainage, upsetting steam shovels and
tearing up the tracks.
The term “slide" is applied to the
movement of the overlying clay upon
smooth, sloping surfaces of rock or
other material harder than the clay.
"Breaks" occur at points w'here un
deriring rock la of poor quality, inter-
Rocted by vertical seams or sloping
toward the canal, and which is unable
to bear up the superimposed mass.
Generally the upper surface of the
broken portion of the bank remains
approximately horizontal, settling
nearly vertically. The weight of tho
broken portion forces up and dis
places laterally the material lying di
rectly below it in the bottom or on
the berms or ledges of the canal. As
the material thus forced up Is taken
away the upper part gradually settles
and moves towards the axis of tho
cqpal until the entire broken portion
Is removed.
The greatest slide was at Cucaracha
and gave trouble when the French be
gan cutting in 1884. Though at first
confined to a length of 800 feet meas
ured along the lino of excavation, tho
slide extended to Include tho entire
basin south of Gold Hill. This slide
was ths last obstruction to the canal
and Its removal was th * opening that
finally makes the canal an accomplish
ed fact.
There were, all told, nine slides and
(The third and concluding chapter of Col. Goethal’s story will appear
in The Times tomorrow.)
»
breaks to b»* reckoned with, and there
!\\Us nothing to do but remove all the
mgterb.l embraced within their llrniu.
There is no other metluxi known to
istop or prov.iui them. No apprehen
sion is felt bemuse of the slides in
! the futuri of the canal. Tliey devel
j oped as the depth of the cut lncreas
[ed, and the banks slid or broke be
cause of ttio condition of unstable
equilibrium. When the grade was
] reached, expiUibrium was established
and the back pressure of th* water re
sults in greater stability.
Work has le n in progress in the
Culebra Cut sim e Ikßo and during the
i French control ISbsu.oOO cubic yards
were removed. Between Gatun aid
Has Obisqo. the northern end of the
Culebra Cut, the French excavation
which was uae r ul to the present pro
ject amounted to 2,201,000 cubic yards,
or a total in the Central Division of
over 20,000.000 cubic yards.
Some id'ea of the magnitude of
the operations may be formed from
the fact that this dlvisi n had within
its Jurisdiction over 200 miles of 5-
foot gauge track laid, about 55 miles
of which were within the side slopes
of the Culebra Cut alone. -
BANKS TRIES A~NEW
STUNT AT CHECKERS
Newell W Banks, I>etroit’B ex-cham
pion at checkers, pulled anew stunt,
last night, at the Bergboff pool room.
He played four games of checkers and
a game of pool at the same time, win
ning tw'o of the checker games, draw
ing two and losing the pool match.
Chip Is Favored.
CHICAGO, Nov. 25.—Qeorge Chip,
Pittsburgh middleweight, is the favor
ite with a big delegation of local fight
bugs who will go to Racine, Wls., to
see Chip battle with Tim O’Neill, of
Indianapolis, in a 10-round go. tonight.
A special train will carry both fighter*
and Chicago fans to Racine, this after
noon.
In 1912 more than one hundred
thousand persons returned to Naples
from the United States.
The Confessions of a Wife
Aren’t Men Queer?
CHAPTER VIII.
After dinner on the train, at which
Dick again ordered beefsteak, we sat
out in tiie observation car awhile and
finally we slipped out on the very
end platform. Dick brought my heavy
coat and sat down beside me, keep
ing both my hands in his.
Wo dies not say anything for a long
v.hile. Dick’s cigar was half smoked
out when he threw it away with a
sigh of content.
“Ah, sweetheart, it’s good to be
alive,” he said und I agreed with
him.
I bejrin lo think that Love is a
very Jealous littlo god and that he
hides away and sulks when a men
and woman who have been worship
ping at his ahrine turn their attention
to anything else.
Out there on the platform with only
the stars and tho ever-changing land
scape, which, like a moving picture,
showed hero the lights Os a small
town and thero the dark shallows of
a little woodland, 1 was perfectly at
peace.
Dick's warm hands clasped mine.
I felt his breath ou my ear a s he
said:
“I never knew what a fine old
wrorM it was until tonight, dearest,
and I tell yon, I’m about the lmpptest
cliap In It, Hero 1 ain at 30 with a
good, position, the best little wife
In all tlie world, good health and
sense enough to appreciate It all.”
“Tell me something about yourself,
Dick,” I said; "you know you have
been so busy talking to me about
myself thnt up to now I only know
what you have Just told me.”
“There isn’t anything more to tell
yon. Is there, Madge?”
“Yee, tell me about your business.”
"Say, Madge.” interrupted Dick
a laugh, “you are not going to be one
of those new women who expect to
‘butt In' and make a man talk over
hie bus in res with her every night, are
you?
“A man wants something very dif
ferent from business when he arrives
home at night. He wants to get as
far away from business as possible.
He wants to rest and stop thinking.”
“But, dear, I don’t men know how
much money w$ have and, of course,
I must know something about our
Income before I can do my part and
make that home for you.”
"There you are, Mrs. Schoolteacher,
again/' exclaimed Dick; "wherever
you me, Margie, "ill bo home U> me. 1 *
"All very beautiful, but It la evade
lng the issue," I answered wtth a ,
lUßpority. ,
"Well, you mercenary creature,’ I .]
said EMck, "if you must know Juetl
what the man you married la worth,
here goes: 1 get three thousand a
year and have the proapect of a
raise very soon. 1 think the firm gsvd
roe that thousand instead of raising
my salary, but they *havo got to coma
across’ with a raise Just the same.
‘I never have been able to save s.l
cent, but now that I am a Staid old
married man I "rant to do so.”
,r We ought to save a lot, Dick." 1
answered. "I have only had twelve
hundred dollars the last two years
since I havo been principal, and ageh
ve ir l have put away five hundred of*
it"
‘‘Mercy, I've married a regular
hetroßr." saltl Pidg in mockfOMtgrfth*,_
tion.
"T have only five hundred of It now, >
dear, for I am using five hundred dol
lars for my wedding, but father left
me six thousand dollars which was
Invested In a mortgage which is due
next month. 1 thought some time 1
would put It in a home."
"I'll tell you what, Madge, HI buy
you some stock in our book coo earn;
it pays about 16 per cent and the nine
hundred dollars can also be invested
yearly.
"Great work!" exclaimed Dick with
a laugh, as we went back to our
bertha.
Aren’t men funny? Hera was Dick,
who Informed roe that 1 meat Ml
"butt In" on hi* busindks affairs, out
as toon as he knew abput mlna be
was more than ready and willing to
arrange them for me—even though 1
had demonstrated that I was the bel
ter financier by saving money toto
vsft out of a salary only half as large
U (To Be Continued Tomorrow.)
Spike' Kelly la Suspended..
MILWAUKEE, Wla.. Nov. 26.-“Buo*
pension of 9pik. Kelly *Wj£***2S
the rules laid down by the Wiacanam
boxing commission wss forecasted, te~
day, following Kelly’s draw with Dee
Barrett here, last night. KeH£* c i?®*
ofTense was hitting In the breaks. ™
bout was slow and uninteresting, ana
the crowd poor.