The Appeal. [volume], September 05, 1908, Image 1

About The Appeal. [volume] (Saint Paul, Minn. ;) 1889-19??

Image provided by: Minnesota Historical Society; Saint Paul, MN

                
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As the Atlantic fleet entered the
harbor of Honolulu the great battle
ships steamed past an old hulk anch
ored in the shallow waters of the har
bor's edge on their left This wooden
hulk is all that is left of the navy of
the Kingdom of Hawaii, which was or
ganized and sent out to assert the su
piemacy of the king of Hawaii over
the South seas, through which the
flet under Rear Admiral Sperry now
sweeps without a rivat to establish
for his majesty, Kink Kalakaua, the
"primacy of the Pacific," Just as to-day
the commander ot the great white fleet
is showing to the world that the pow
er of the United States on the Pacific
is absolute.
Twenty-one years ago the vessel, of
which the hulk alone is left, passed
out of the Honolulu harbor to carry
the lord high commissioner of Hawaii
to Samoa to treat with King Melietoa
to induce that monarch to recognize
the suzerainty of King Kalakaua over
the kingdom of Samoa and to bind him
in an alliance, offensive and defensive,
through which all the isles of the
South seas should be banded into a
confederacy to resist the advances of
the white nations in the Pacific.
The Hawaiian monarch had just re
turned from a tour of the world, in
which his recognition by the sover
eigns of Japan, China, the native
Ti-CE, I%Uv Ll^Q^ H^SA^AXlAN-
states, of India and Egypt had fostered
his inordinate vanity and "the divine
right of kings" idea had been seeded
in his simple soul and had sprouted
and grown exceedingly Ambition
grew as he stepped about his kingdom
on his return, and the primacy of the
Pacific doctrine developed, bringing
about one of the most ludicrous series
of incidents in the opera bouffe gov
ernment of Hawaiian royalty.
Early in the spring of 1887 the Kai
miloa departed for the South. Four
months later she returned and Lord
High Commissioner John L. Bush pre
sented a report that the mission had
been highly successful. Then the truth
leaked out by degrees. Of her officers
many had died through the debauch
eries of the voyage the lord high
commissioner had only landed on Sa
moan soil by stealth, the Kaimiloa
having been chased about by a Ger*
man gunboat, coming ,in for an
anchorage only after dark and chasing
off for a hiding place behind some of
the smaller islands before daybreak.
Typhoid and delirium tremens in the
forecastle and delirium tremens in the
cabins had reduced the crew by half,
while in the archives of the Territory
V* Hawaii there are yet on file\the
^"""complaints of the commissioner
against the admiral, the navigating of-
fice,- against both, and all three against
the cook, in which in most explicit
language charges of drunkenness and
wanton bestiality are made
The net results of the attempt to as
sert the primacy of the Pacific doctrine
was a hole in the Hawaiian treasury
of $100,000 and the Grand Cross of the
Order of Oceanica, which had been
pinned on the commissioner's gaudy
uniform by the royal hand of Malietoa
when the two squatted under a panda
nus tree and hid from the German ma
rines one Samoan night, discussing af
fairs of state.
The Kaimiloa was a 170 ton steamer,
launched as the British steamship Ex
plorer and purchased and rechristen
ed. She cost $20,000 and her fittings
of Hawaiian mahogany, her crested
crockery, her elaborate bunting and
flags of silk and her armament, six 6-
pounders and two gatlings, added $30,-
000 to her cost. She was manned by
an admiral and staff, captain and
staff, hula girls, marines and sailors
from the reforfp school and musicians.
The admiral was a white man named
Jackson and the other officer^ were
men in whose veins flowed more or
less white blood. $$iS
At that time Walter Murray Gibson
.was premier in the Hawaiian govern-
& \pyt.
301
*WE*L HEPS IN FRON
I BECAUSE:
1-It aims to publish all the news possible.
8-it does so impartially, wasting no words.
8-Its correspondents are able and energetic
VOL. 24. NO. 36.
RELIC OF ROYAL POMP
IN THE SOUTH SEAS
Hawaiian* Man-of-War Still Anchored in the Bay
at Honolulu.
fT* HOKQLa^LT tMvKBCE dOST BEFORE, ^AIJ^U^Q OJ* h&LTL.
m,
rl*
ment, and to his fertile scheming was
the Samoan venture due. Prior to
this time, 1883, he had sent Capt.
Trippe and F. L. Clarke as royal com
missioners to the Gilbert islands and
New Hebrides, and a parody on the
Monroe doctrine had been put forth in
grandiloquent protest, addressed to all
the great powers, warning them
against and further annexation in tjie
Pacific ocean and warning them that
Hawaii claimed- the exclusive right
"to assist them in improving their po
litical and social conditions."
At the time of the attempted ex
tension of this burlesque doctrine to
the Samoan group three great powers
were interested there, and a confer
ence was about to open at Washington
between Great Britain, Germany and
the United States to determine the
status of the islands, in view of
which the mission of the Hawaiians
to King Malietoa was seized upon by
the Germans as something backed by
the American government in an ag
grandizement policy to include the an
nexation of Hawaii and of Samoa.
Added to the embarrassment in which
this placed Washington was the fact
that the Hawaiian commissioner re
turned with a commission for Mr.
Carter, the Hawaiian minister at
Washington, creating him as well the
"envoy extraordinary and minister
.MAN-OF1
ITJRJ.I* A AL,LfUEi.
plenipotentiary" of the Samoan king
dom at Washington, while Carter was
negotiating for the cession to the
United States of Pearl harbor.
On Jan. 23, 1887, news of the Ha
waiian expedition, magnified out of all
proportion, having reached the Brit
ish government, a warning note was
sent out from the foreign office, it be
ing suggested at the time that this
was another instance where Downing
street received its inspiration from the
Wilhelmstrasse. At that time the
British commissioner at Honolulu re
quested the Hawaiian government not
to interfere in the offairs of Samoa.
But the loading of gin on the Kaimiloa
went merrily on despite the growlings
of the British lion, the notice attract
ed from abroad pleasing the Hawaiian
king.
Premier Gibson went ahead, the
merry monarch Kalakaua played
poker with his lord high commissioner
and. his admiral, and the hula dancers
packed their wardrobes for the junket,
while on the other side of the world
Bismarck discussed with his col
leagues the importance of the Ha
waiians, Lord Salisbury worried lest
the Kaimiloa mission should bring
about the German annexation of Sa
moa, and Ambassador Bayard had to
smile and accept the German assur
ance that they had no intention of gob
bling Samoa or of suspecting America
of any such motive.
The affair almost developed in in
ternational politics into war between
Germany and little Hawaii, thus prod
ding into the sore spot of the body
politic of the powers and acting the
part of a mosquito'in line to be
slapped and crushed. In instructions
to the German ambassador at Wash
ington for transmission to the Ameri
can government Bismarck wrote:
"In case Hawaii, whose king acts
according to financial principles which
it is not desirable to extend to Samoa,
should try to interfere in favor of Ma
lietoa, the king of the Sandwich isl
ands would thereby, enter into a state
of war wi$lkjus." *J wi^ti
In'Trouble.
Little Newman's mother had faith
fully tried to answer his question* in
regard, to death and the future life and
he had been told that when he died
just his soul would go to heaven.
One day he came running in from
his play, and in excitement cried,
"Mamma, mamma, if just my soul
goes to heaven, what am I going to
button my pants on tol"
MS
Chammounix, "Aug. ~I3.There isr
such. a. crowd of mountaineers here
that the guides cannot cope with the
demand. A very rapid ascent of Mont
Blanc has just been made by W. H.
Holmes of New York, with the guide
After an hour of intense anxiety in
the air Charles Oliver Jones and his
dirigible balloon Boomerang landed
safely in Eastern boulevard, West
chester, New York. At times he
thought he would surely be carried
Does hot always prove to be a "love
tap" affair, and doubtless there are
persons so prudish that were they to
see some of the vigorous boxing at the
barracks would contend That tiae Iowa
statute which puts the ban on all
grades of pugilism should be invoked
to stop these contests. But no harm
comes to the soldier, hardened by mil
itary drill, who puts on the gloves at
1
A BOUT WITH THE GLOV ES AT FORT DES MOINES
ttSHUSHftftrttiBftg
Defective Page
SCALING THE ALPS TH ClAHTS-SOOTH,. MT^LANC ***m/u*um~ sr*^
Joseph Charlet: Mr Castello'/B. Me
batchean and W. Steele of Philadel
phia also made a successful ascent,
with Burnet and Cachat as guides.
Half way between Pierre Pointue and
Chamounix they were able to assist a
tourist injured by slipping on the
REMARKABLE NEAR VIEW OF AIRSHIP IN FLIGHT
-22SZ J&CX2fi2&:i&sa?S& J8V /^gyr
out to sea, as his motor had ceased to
work and he had no control of the
craft. At an altitude of about 2,000
feet he found a favoring air current,
which carried him northwesterly be
yond the peril that threatened him for
the greater part of his flight.
BOXING MAKES THE SOLDIER A MORE EFFICIENT FIGHTING MAN
the post. On the other hand, the ex
ercise tends to make him more cool
headed, more an admirer of fair play
and more self-reliant. Military dis
cipline trains the soldiers to act as a
unit in the face of a rain of bullets
and shells, but there are times on the
battlefield when individual fighting
may become necessary and may turn
the tide of conflict. In the latter situ-
PAUL AND MINNEAPOLK. MI^N.. SATUBDAY. SEPTEMBER 5, 1908. .40 PER YEAR.
rocks. The-most extraordinary ascent
I have yet heard of has just been
made by six-months'-old George Fay
of Cannes, who was carried up La
Flegere in a basket on the back of the
guide, Joseph Devonnasseux.
Jones' balloon is an odd-shaped af
fair/with 25,000 cubic feet gas capacity.
The motor and propeller are directly
under the center of the gas bag in
stead of at one end, as in most dirigi*
bles.
I
ation the value of the training receiv
ed in the "manly art" contests is a vaV
uable asset.
PRICE OF LAMARTINE'S POEM.
Pecuniary Value Which the French
Poet Put Upon His Work.
The Gaulois tells a good story of
Lamartine's estimate of the pecuniary
value of his poetry.
It was in 1848, when he was at the
acme of his glory and a cabinet mini
ster. He had just contributed "La
Marseillaise de la Paix" to the Revue
des Deux Mondes, and Buloz, the
editor, called on him at the ministry.
"I believe I owe you 80. Here is the
money," said Lamartine, producing a
bundle of banknotes.
"Pray deduct the amount of the Re
vue's indebtedness to you for youx
poem," said the editor.
"I meant to make you a present of
it," rejoined the poet. v_
"Not at all I insist upon paying
you." -v
"How much?"
"Your own priee, whatever it maj
be."
"Ah, well if you will have it so I
must oblige you," said Lamartine and
with a magnified gesture he swept up
the whole bundle of notes represent*
tag the 80 and restored them, with
solemn dignity, to his pocket.
"Haggerty, the monkey man," the
keepers somewhat irreverently call
him at Bronx Park, New York, and the
deep research work he is doing in the
little known field of comparative psy
chology they still more flippantly char
acterize as "high brow monkey busi-
ness." Both terms are misnomers as
applied to Melvin E. Haggerty, the
young Hoosier scientist of Harvard
university, and the investigations he
has been ^making for the last three
weeks at the local zoo into the capaci
ty and activities of the simian mind.
There has been a good deal of mis
conception about Mr. Haggerty and
the experiments he is conducting with
monkeys in New York city. It should
be stated at the outset that the Har
vard man has no special interest in
monkeys in themselves and has no in
tention of becoming a second Garner
or of making the study of simian hab
its and ways a life work. His present
efforts, along lines the novelty of
which has given him a quick lift to
unexpected fame throughout the coun
try, are merely incidental to his win
ning a degree of doctor of philosophy
at Cambridge, and his deductions from
the data he is now diligently and la
boriously collecting in the Bronx Park
Primate House will be given to the
scientific world through the medium
of the thesis which as a candidate for
the doctor's degree he must prepare.
Entering Harvard as a post-graduate
student a year ago, Mr. Haggerty,
who was graduated from Indiana uni
versity in 1902, and has since taught
BEOAU S E:
4It is the organ of ALL Afro-Americans.
6It is not controlled by any ring or clique.
It asks no support but the people's.
STUDYING THE MONKEY MIND
Harvard's Candidate for Doctor's Degree Locates
in the Bronx Zoo.
Who is studying simians at close range to find whether they really
think or are only imitators, and who spends five hours a day with the monk-
eys in the Bronx zoo.
in the Anderson (Ind.) high school, de
cided to specialize in the subject of
comparative psychology, and, acting
upon the advice of Dr. Robert M.
Yerkes, his professor, he chose to
make a special study of the workings
of the monkey mind. For some time
the young investigator has worked
with a pair of monkeys of his own
in his private laboratory in Cambridge,
observing and carefully recording
their antics and their evidences or
lack of evidences of ability to "use
their heads," as the case might be.
Feeling that he could work to better
advantage and with less liability to
error in his deductions if he had% a
larger number of monkeys to deal
with, Mr Haggerty went to New York
and, with every encouragement from
the zoo officials, converted the monkey
house hospital at Bronx Park into a
temporary monkey laboratory. There
he spends five hours every morning,
sitting silently at a little table, note
book before him, alertly watching
every move made by nine Cebus, or
small South American monkeys, mak
ing copious notes of their every ac
tion.
The problem which Mr Haggerty is
trying to solve is whether monkeys
are imitators, or whether they find
out things by themselves. The con
clusions of the various investigators
who have already delved into the ques
tion are at variance in the matter, and
the Harvard man's summer with a
roomful of simeans, it is not unlikely,
may shed important light on the
knotty psychological puzzle.
Occupying the center of the stage
in Mr. Haggerty's rather restricted
laboratory is a large box, or cage,
about seven feet high and three feet
wide, made of pine boards, except for
the front and one side, across which
is stretched wire mesh. This the
student of the simian intellect de
scribes as his "trick" or "problem
box." It was devised by him at Har
vard and used in his earlier experi
ments there. -*A11 of his work of in
vestigation centers about this box.
Various little sliding doors, win
dows, pulleys, strings and other ingen
ious^ devices are incorporated in the
construction of this "problem box" for
the purpose of testing the ability of
the monkeys to solve their use and
manipulate them. In all Mr. Haggerty
has devised eight or ten different prob
lems or tricks for the monkeys with
these contrivances, and is gradually,
and with great patience, trying out all
of 4he nine monkeys with them. All
of the tests provided for the simeans,
except one, are, based on their desire
for food. Liberty it the reward in one
case.
"Monkeys Are almost always hun-
gry," said Mr. Haggerty, "and there
fore the food motive is the most con
stant, and hence best for obtaining the
most reliable data. The desire to ob
tain freedom is less constant.
"In my work at Harvard, I found out
a little of the monkey's general ways
of doing things. As a result I de
vised problems to set before the vari
ous animals. According to the way
they went at these problems or solved
them, I decided I might be able to tell
whether monkeys are primarily imi
tators or try out things for themselves.
I haven't got along far enough yet, of
course, to form any opinion on the
matter."
Perhaps the simplest of Mr. Hag
gerty's hatful of monkey tricks is one
which requires the monkey to push
aside a small wooden door in order to
get sunflower seeds or a bit of banana
placed just outside a hole concealed
by the door A second trick, slightly
more puzzling to the simian gray mat
ter, requires the monkey to break a
thin sheet of paper before he can
reach the coveted fruit.
Problems still more puzzling to the
monkey intellect are those which
make it necessary for the simian un
der observation to shove up a small
door by pushing against its flat side
to pull a woo\len plug on one side of
the cage in order to open a door on
the opposite side and to pull the right
one of a dozen or so strings, all hang
ing from the top of the trick box.
"My general plan in trying out the
monkeys with each of the different
problems," explained Mr. Haggerty,
"is to put each one in the box alone
for fifteen minutes every day for five
successive days. At the end of that
time he will either have learned the
trick or have become indifferent to it.
If he has failed to learn it, the next
step is to see if he will imitate some
other monkey who knows the trick.
"When I have put into the box a
monkey who knows the trick and one
who hasn't learned it, I first make sure
that the latter sees the trained animal
solve the problem at least five times.
Then I remove the trained monkey
and give the other fellow ten minutes'
time to get the food. If he hasn't suc
ceeded by the end of ten minutes that
trial is recorded as a failure
Mr. Haggerty says he sets down no
monkey as hopeless until he has seen
a trick performed a hundred times and
still is unable to do it himself.
There is a wide difference in the
quality of the brains of the different
simian individuals with whom he is
in daily contact in his work, the Hoo
sier psychologist has found, and this
he says adds greatly to his difficulties
in drawing exact conclusions from so
limited a number of animals as even
the zoo affords. Some of the monkeys,
he says, pick up the tricks very quick
ly, while others are dull and succeed
only after many trials.
"Jim," the sole specimen of the
hooded sapajou monkey now left at
Bronx Park, who is worthy of note be
cause he looks as if he brushed his
hair pompadour, is one of the very
bright ones.
"When I was in the laboratory for a
minute recently to look at an injured
monkey," said Dr. W. Reed Blair, the
zoo veterinarian, Jim was in the trick
box with one of the other monkeys,
and he was getting the bananas just
as fast as Mr. Haggerty could record
his movements. Jim was so enthusi
astic and eager about it that he drove
the other chap into a corner and did
his best to prevent his seeing how the
trick was done."
Mr. Haggerty declined to discuss the
incident. Besides, he doesn't recog
nize Jim as Jim, but as No. 5, for, like
the inmates of Sing Sing, all the ex
perimental monkeys have been num
bered by the Harvard investigator.
Mr. Haggerty will continue his studies
of the Bronx Park monkeys until late
in September.
Flattery.
"That supercilious editorial of yours
this morning," said the caller, "was a
palpable imitation of Macaulay."
"Ah!" replied the editor, "you are in
a mood of flattery."
"I did not intend to flatter you," re
joined the caller, icily.'
"Me? Oh, dear, no! I was think*
ing of Macaulay."
Dark Days.
PenfieldDid that fellow who wrote
the book telling how to live on IS
cents a day ever try it himself? s
MerrittHe had to before his book
began to sell.
5^18
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