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r~ Iv* In business, fortunes art not realtesd Unless your goods are^araply ftdvgrtited. SOCIETIES PLAN WILL PREVAIL War Savings Bodies to Be Or ganized in Ninth District Week of Feb. 17 to 24. THREEDIFFERENTTYPES Model Organizations for Schools Rural Communities and Business Establishments Outlined to Teach Thrift. Minneapolis, Minn.The- week ol February 17 to 24 will be Savings So ciety week in the Ninth Federal Re serve District. This time was today fixed by A. R, Rogers, chairman of the Ninth Dis trict War Loan Organization, as the period in which every community in the Ninth Federal Reserve District will organize the War Savings Socie ties which are to be the mucleus ol the 1919 campaign for Thrift, Ameri canization and War Savings Stamp buying. Centering on the society plan by which scores in each society and millions throughout the district will have a common point of contact through weekly or semi-monthly meet tags, the District War Loan Organiza tion aims to have Thrift written large on the minds and hearts of every man. woman and child in the district. A di rect appeal will be made tor the pur chase of W. S. S. with the money saved. Three Types. Three definite types of War Savings societies have been worked out at headquarters by John H. Meyering, director of the W. S. S. division, Dr. Geo. N. Bauer, head of the depart ment of mathematics at the Univer sity of Minnesota, who is on leave to devote himself to War Savings Or ganization, and the other workers un der Mr. Rogers. They are: 1. A mode] society type for schools. 2. A model type for societies or ganized in rural communities. 3. A model type for industrial or commercial establishments. On the last mentioned plan War Savings Societies will be formed In stores, factories, mills and in railroad and other offices, wherever in fact there is an establishment employing ten or more persons. The school so cieties, many of which are already Tunning successfully, will be greatly Increased in number and revivified and hundreds of new societies will be added to those which already are nourishing in so many rural communi ties. Actually, there is hardly any limit to the number or nature of groups which can organize War Savings Societies. In giving the models such names as "school," "community," or "industrial" the directors mean merely to indicate the general nature of the plan. Any group can organize, choosing the type that seems best suited to its needs, livery group will be urged to organ ize. Farmers' clubs, commercial clubs, fraternal orders, woman's clubs, clubs of boys and girls, mutual co-operative associations of all sorts, every gather ing where the message of thrift, Americanization and the purchase of Government securities can be placed before a number of persons, will be utilized. Americanization work is to be close ly linked with the War Savings Socie ties, especially in communities where a considerable proportion of the popu lation is not yet fully alive to the American spirit and the benefits de rived from living in the United States. It is the opinion of the cen tral committee that ownership of W. 8. S. and other Government securities will be a distinct help to Americaniza tion. It will increase the interest of the individual in his Government when he knows he owns a part of the nation's public debt. Speed Up Organization. County chairmen of War Savings Stamp sales have been advised by Mr. Meyering to get in touch immediately with all workers in their territories and to make preparations for form ing the societies during the week of Feb. nary 17. There also will be meetings of county chairmen at vari ous points in each state of the Ninth District, at which the Information ot each will be made available for the others. At each of these meetings a worker from headquarters in Minne apolis will attend with information and advice. A Speakers' Bureau is being worked up which will be able to supply speakers to the societies, eith er at the time of organization or at subsequent meetings. "Working on the fundamental idea of the value of Thrift, we intend also to convince every person in the dis trict that the purchase of War Sav ings Stamps will make savings do a better, bigger and more valuable work than any other use of the money," Mr. Meyering said today. "At the same time, of course, the money saved and Invested in stamps will be perfectly safe and will yield an interest return between 4 per cent, and 5 per cent, eaeh year. Save And invest. For more than four years the world lias been spending. Now the world must either start saving to make in the loss and waste or it must fao back into stagnation and sink to a standard of comfort and happiness dts ttnctly below that of 1914. But it la not necessary for the American peo ple to fall back if they are thrift? and save. We have the best ogffl to lose perity. "With these ^si-^il^&m-. JninauirwiMn or forego OUT general pros- appealsSt oC Uf ^o agricultural workers. During the war while we were supplying the world, our production expanded tremendous' ly. We must hold those foreign mar kets if we are to keep up that produc-. tion rate. We must hold foreign mar-! kets or undergo such a slackening in! manufacture and agriculture that every individual will suffer. "Much of the money loaned through investment in War Savings Stamps will go to meet the overwhelming war expense which remains to be paid. Much of the rest will go to foreign nations as credits with which they can buy of us and 'keep the home wheels turning.'" A Permanent Force. The War Savings societies formed this year will probably become an in creasingly important factor in financ ing the United States when the per iod for Liberty Loans has passed. Ac cording to Mr. Rogers, the Treasury Department plans to make the socie ties permanent so far as possible and to keep War Savings Stamps on sale as a means whereby every individual can save with security at the same time that he is adding to the Govern ment's income. Not the least advan tage of such a plan will be a material reduction of taxes in coming years in so far as the total of many small sav lags defrays the heavy national ex pense we must carry as a result of the war. WAR WON, BUT NOT ENOED Gronna Says .Readjustment Days Need Aid of Every Citizen. Statement by United States Senator Asle J. Gronna, of North Dakota: "The war has been won, but has not ended. The days of readjustment will demand the cooperation and intelli gent aid of eyery loyal American citi zen. Money must be raised to defray war bills which will worry the guar dians of the nation's financial destiny for some time to come. "Patriotic, constructive aid can be rendered the Government now by. even the smallest wage earner, and in such a manner as to make his patriotic ef fort a boomerang of good fortune. The Government is urging American citi zens to continue the purchase of War Savings and Thrift Stamps and other Government securities, to help raise money to defray expenses which at present are even heavier than those which arose while the war was on. Our financial stability must be maintained, our credit must remain unimpaired. "I heartily approve of the Govern ment's plan to spread the gospel of thrift in every home throughout the land. The purchase of War Savings and Thrift Stamps is a practical man ifestation of thrift. The likeness of Benjamin Franklin which appears up on the new issue is Indeed significant, and homage should be paid to him by every citizen by Investing in Govern ment securities, thereby laying-the foundation for the national spirit of thrift which I believe the war has In culcated in many who formerly did not know the meaning of the word." SUPPORT OF OUR SOLDIERS People Should Buy Liberty Bonda and W. S. S., Says Clark. Statement^ Speaker Chamn Clark of Missouri:. "It goes without saying that there must and will be another big Bond Is sue. Having put our hands to the plow we must not look back. We can not afford to. Because while the world war is really over, it is not technically ended until President Wilson issues a proclamation to that effect. We still have a huge army overseas and while it should be brought home as soon aa ships can bring OUT soldiers back, un til they get back, they must be fed and clothed and otherwise cared for. It would be an everlasting shame not to do that. So people should subscribe for the impending loan and purchase War Savings Stamps as readily and liberally as they subscribed for past loans. IFs for the support of our sol diers and nothing is too good for them." "CHAMP CLARK." What's a Nickel worth? THINK IN INTEREST Sawe am/ finest in TOVEKNMENT Sawinfis Stamps "tH"I SS 1 Picture of Poster to Be Displayed Throughout Ninth Diatetat THE tunity.to save o an7 ot the worlds nations. We have food, clothing and moneyall the good things in life. But we must make the basis of this prosperity secure. Saving makes the future prosperity of the individual safe. At the same time it supplies money to the Government with which the whole national structure can be so strengthened that we will not have NOW Attract Great Occu Wit therle also the 0 Eis 2 eriC ne other nations if those nations are w, to continue to buy goods in the United Wherever American negroes States and by s^^ng give steady S^f^T* CCUPle employment to our industrial and ^L A Minnesota Historical Society ?0L. 35. NO. 7 ST. PAUL AM) MINNEAPOLIS. MINN. SATURDAY: tmmVA&Y 1 5 119 HUNS FEAR NEGROES Offer Reward for Each Colored Soldier Captured. AmericaAttentionoIn th Army Occ pied Sections Germany. of vv-v-uy they have attracted great attention among the civilians. In Treves, Coblenz and other places, during the early days of the occupa tion, crowds assembled wherever any negro soldiers stopped in the streets, and it was necessary for the military police to enforce the orders prohibit ing gatherings in the public thorough fares. Even yet in Coblenz and Treves, where there are a number of negro soldiers, the negroes attract crowds of German children every time they ap pear in the streets. The German soldier also regards the negro with great curiosity. According to a discharged German soldier in Rengsdorf, the German army, early in the war, offered a reward of 400 marks for the capture alive of each negro. The discharged German soldier said that throughout the war German soldiers lived In great fear, and even terror, of the negroes, and it was in order to overcome this fear that, re wards were offered. One evening on the front a scouting party, consisting of ten Germans, in cluding the discharged soldier, encoun tered two French negroes. In a light which followed one of the negroes es caped, the other being taken prisoner. In the light two of the Germans left their comrades and ran to the protec tion of their own trenches, but these, it was explained, were young soldiers and untrained. The reward of 400 -marks subsequently was divided among the remaining six Germans for capturing the French negro. FORM CLOTHES TO BE VOGUE Plump Gentlemen May Need "Stays* to Get Away With Newest In Masculine Adornment. Atlantic City, N. J.Form clothes will be the vogue during the present year. So decree the National Associa tion of Merchant Taiiors, which Is dis cussing styles in annual convention here. All delegates emphasize the form fit ting' trend of the time. Some of them went so far as to suggest that mature gentlemen of a plump, if not corpu lent, tendency will need "stays" to gel away with the newest things in mascu line adornment. According to the terms of the trade masculine styles for the ensuing 12 months are to be sprightly without conspicuousness dashing without verging on extremes youthful in tem perament and inspirational. In place of the inevitable summer flannels ol the past men will wear recreational raiment, fashioned of silk, fine linens, and other delicate fabrics. Even the prosaic sack suit of business is tc have a "swing" imparted to It by 8 high waistline and a long vent back. But It is In sporty toggery that the styles are going to go the limit. Coats will be strapped and tabbed and plait ed. Riding coats are to have flaring skirts, a back vent running to the hlgl waistline, diagonal jetted pockets, and upon both sides with an additional outside pocket, neatly flapped, to carrj change. HE DOESNT LIKE GERMANS South Dakota Farmer Objects tc .Neighbors, Sells His Place and Will Move Away. Sioux Falls, S. D.Refusing to live longer in Lincoln township, Douglas county, because it is populated almost exclusively with persons of German birth or descent, William McMahon, a farmer of the township, announces that he has sold his farm in "Ger- many," as he terms the township, and will locate where the English language is spoken. McMahon has felt lonely since the election in November. When the vote was counted in Lincoln township it was found that he had cast the only Republican vote and that all othez electors in the township had voted the Nonpartisan league ticket, which is alleged to have been backed by every German and pro-German. Dog Attacks Airplane* Tulsa, Okla.-A bulldog seized the propeller of one of a fleet of five air planes from Fort Sill just as they were leaving. The machine was wrecked and the dog killed. The fleet had to delay their trip back to the fort until a new blade had been installed. 2 Tractor and Sled Solve Blocked Line Problem I -v-- Cottonwood Falls, Kan.-Wben the recent heavy snow fall block ed the electric line between this city and Strong City, Frank Hoel, living here, quickly solved the transportation problem. He attached his big tractor to a big sleigh, 18 feet long, and carried passengers between the two towns. From eighteen to thirty- J. five people were accommodated on each trip. WINS FAME AND WAR DECORATION Anzac Colonel Wounded and Or* dered Home Enlists and Fights Again. IS RECOGNIZED IN FRANCE General Sends for Him and Gives Him Commission Decorated With Order of St Michael and St. George. London.The story of'a colone of Australian infantry who was wound ed in the Gallipoli campaign and sent back to Australia, but who concealed his rank and re-enlisted as a private to serve with the Australians in France, has added to the esteem in which Australians are held in London. Col. Charles Melville Mac Naghten, the hero of the story, is hailed as a man of gallantry and grit. He was the son of Sir Melville Mac Naghten, chief of the criminal investi gation department of Scotland yard, says the Daily Mail, and- was practic ing law in Australia when the war be gan. He was the major, in command of the First brigade which landed at Anzac Cove on Gallipoli peninsula. Within two days he t^as wounded three times. 'After recovery in Eng land he returned to Gallipoli and led his battalion in their immortal charge at Lone Pine. Ordered Back to Australia. After the evacuation of Gallipoli he served for a time In Egypt and was sent from there to England, suffering from wounds and fever. Surgeons re fused him permission to return to ac tive service, and he was sent to Aus tralia as second in command of an Australian training camp. One day he slipped away from the camp and joined a replacement bat* talion in Queensland under the name of Charles Melville, and soon after ward was back in England training on Salisbury plain as Private Melville. He was quickly promoted to be cor poral, and one day was asked by bis commanding officer: "Corporal, do you think yon could drill this company?" Having commanded a brigade, the corporal put thejcompany through itfi paces like the veteran he^was. Recognized by Officers. Back in France again, he was re ognized by officers who had known him in Gallipoli as the daring and brilliant soldier they had called "Fighting Mac." General Blrdwood, with whom he had served at Lone Pine, sent for him and gave him a commission. Not long afterward Colonel Mac Naghten was again sent as an invalid to England, where he was summoned to Buckingham palace to receive from the king a decoration as a companion of the order of St Michael and St. George, which had been conferred upon him several years before for his gallantry at Gal lipoli. -While serving In the ranks 1B France as "Corporal Melville" he had been personally congratulated by the commanding general for valor a1 Messines ridge. Mac Naghten's fighting days an now over and he is compelled to rec ognize this fact, for, as one of hi* men put it, "he is riddled like fi colander and it is only his flghtlnf spirit which keeps him alive." "GERMAN DOGS" Kaiser Bill and Crown Prince, two German dogs that were so christened by Private Robinson Cleve and Daniel Nelson of the Five Hundred and Thir ty-ninth engineers and Three Hundred and Seventy-second infantry, who cap tured these dogs from the Germans, Both these colored soldiers were wounded in action and returned to this country aboard the transport George Washington. FARMS FOR BRITISH SOLDIERS Bill Providing for Big Subsidies to Be Introduced in Parlia- ment. London.Plans have been perfected for the introduction in parliament of a bill granting subsidies amounting to millions of pounds sterling for the purchase of small farms for men dis charged from the British army, accord ing to announcement here. The meas ure will be given precedence in par liament, it is said. While the govern ment will bear the cost of the work, It is said, local authorities wEQ. be asked to assist in carrying out de "taila, TAKES CAMEL'S PLACE Jerusalem Is Modernized by Mo tortruck. Beasts of Burden Are Smothered III Dust of Speeding Auto- mobiles. Jerusalem.The life of two periods, distant by many centuries, seems to flow along the roads that lead to this ancient city. The camel, though he has done great things for the British forces, is losing his position as the main means of transport, and the natives driving their camels carrying huge packs of East ern merchandise are passed by the big engines of the evergrowing British broad-gauge railway, at which the country people stare with open mouthed astonishment. Then along will come an Assyrian or an Arab on his donkey or mule, his wife walking behind and carrying a great pack on her head. In this way they transport much stuff for many miles. Now they are smothered in dust from the great quantity of motor transport on the roads. The five barley loaves and small fishes still have to feed a good many people in this country, and women may still be seen grinding their scanty cup of corn between stones, but now with the introduction of good seed the country already is showing signs of vast improvement. Cotton is still made up into rough material in tpmi %a primitive method on a kind of bow. With the new opportunities how open ing up the old spinner is likely to be looking for another job. Already In quite small towns yon will see names of well-known London firms. This has aroused the local shops to a kind of competition, and all kinds of Important signs over small shops, with hardly anything to sell, an nounce: "The Provisions," "The Up to-date Hosiery and Dry Goods Store," "The Manchester House," and many similar. It is doubtful If 5 per cent of the prospective customers can read the signs. Shepherds on the hills still tend their flocks, dressed in camel hair, and nightly light their camp fires to keep off the prowling jackals and hyenas. But in the future much of this rich land, now practically barren, is likely to receive the attention of the steam tractor. Altogether, with the present means of transport,by rail, the great improve ment in the water supply and the rapid introduction of European meth ods and customs, It may be hoped a year or two of peace will change this country into a real "land of milk and honey." TELLS OF FALSE DIAGNOSES Doctor Jackson Says Foreign stances Often Misled Physicians. Sub* Atlantic City, N. J.Many physi cians were misled by the presence of unsuspected foreign substances in lung cavities and rushed patients to California and other distant places to recover from purely Imaginary tuber culosis, declared Dr. Chevalier Q. Jackson of Pittsburgh In an address before the American Roentgen Ray so ciety at the Hotel Traymore. He ad vocated that persons believed to have bronchial affections should submit to the Roentgen ray at least once a year. In a resume of doctors' errors, Doc tor Jackson told of the discovery of an inverted staple in a man who had been under treatment for tuberculosis for 18 months, and of the finding of the top of an atomizer in a patient who had spent much time in California. He said that the rays had discovered an umbrella tip in the body of a daughter of a physician after the girl had been an invalid for six years, of the location of a six-penny nail which caused "un- mistakable symptoms" of tuberculosis, and of the finding of tacks which also confused the diagnosticians-. Dr. Charles A. Waters, United States army- medical corps, declared that thousands' of American soldiers had been saved in France by the use of the most modern methods of locating bul lets and shell' splinters. He declared that speed by the American surgeons also saved many lives and declared that when the marines stopped the Germans at Chateau-Thierry, the American surgeons passed wounded at the rate of 250 every day. FLAX DISTRICT IS RUINED Belgian City Taken by Germans Shorn of Barges and Precious Machinery. Washington.Before the war Cour trai was a center for the production of flax of European importance, and the city harbored for this purpose a large English and Irish colony. Now the whole flax district is ruined. The large barges in which the flax was put to rot in the Lys were sold by the Germans as firewood much below their value. The copper from the flax mills and the other precious machines were requisitioned. The soldiers were quar tered in the factories and the cele brated "Leicweerschen," the plains on which the flax was bleached, were "plowed and planted with tobacco and potatoes. Many, indeed, of the fertile flax fields were turned over several times and many served as battlefields. It will be jcars before the fields bear flax again Defective Page $Vg^W ^^^^^Pfif^^pf^^^ I YANKEE ARMY SECOND Only Exceeded on Western Front by French. We Had 1,950,000, France 2,559,000 and Great Britain 1,715,000 Men. Washington.America had the sec ond largest allied army on the west ern front when the armistice was signed, according to announcement made by Gen. Peyton C. March, chief of staff. France stood first with 2,559,000 men, the United States se ond with 1,950,000 men, and Eneland third with 1,715,000 "men, including Portuguese. This is an official state ment of the situation, and is quite different from predictions made a year ago by German military critics that in any event the United States would not be able to place more than 600,000 men in Europe. "We now have fairly complete re ports of the strength of the allied forces on the western front at the time of the armistice," said General March, "and we find from these re ports that the United States force had passed the force of Great Britain in strength, and was the second force in strength on November 11. These figures, which I have given to you are the 'ration strength,' meaning they include every man who had to be fed combatant, noncombatant, medical men, services of supply men, etc." SECRETARY FOR SCOTLAND Robert Munro has again been ap pointed secretary for Scotland by Pre mier Lloyd George. He occupied the same post In the Asquith cabinet. GREECE WANTS U. S. CHASERS Seeks to Purchase Speedy Boats No Longer Needed by Ameri can Navy. Paris.Greek naval authorities have been examining American submarine chasers which have been In the Adri atic sea with a view to their purchase. The Greek navy already had two for mer American battleships and experts in the service favor a further aug mentation of the fleet with American craft. A fleet of 36 chasers was sent to the Adriatic to co-operate with the cruis ers Olympla and Birmingham and eight destroyers in carrying out Amer ica's role in the execution of the pro visions of the armistice with Austria. The chasers are now at Malta for over hauling, but in the meantime the Greek government is making overtures for their purchase. These proposals may be entertained, as the close of the war makes it probable that there will be little further need of the chas ers, which are particularly suited for navigation in shallow waters like those of the Greek archipelago. ROUT ALIENS TO GET JOBS Canadian Soldiers Just Returned From the Front Cause Excitement at Winnipeg. Winnipeg, Man.Aliens were chased about the city and forced to kiss the Union Jack, an employment agency smashed up and several companies forced to promise that all aliens would be discharged within three days by Canadian soldiers just returned from the front. They found their jobs filled by aliens. One of the first plants vis ited by the soldiers was that of the Swife Canadian company at Almwood, a suburb. After a near-riot they were promised that the aliens would be dis charged within three days. The guar antee was given by the manager of the plant, the mayor and General Ketchen, who were called to the scene. The men then split into detachments, vis ited many other establishments, en forcing similar demands. Whenever an alien was seen by the soldiers he was chased and forced to kiss the flag. Refuses to Raise Chicks. Greenville, O.There is a new alle gation in an answer to a divorce peti tion filed in the county court here by Ira E. Bickel. After denying all of the allegations made by his wife, which were the old stereotyped charges, Bickel comes back and says his wife refused to "raise chickens or do anything else that she ought to do as a dutiful wife." i ''1^^ fx,- I2.00PIRTEAB SEVEN HUN SPIES SHOT IN BRITAIN Another Was Hanged and Many More Are Serving Prison Terms. TRICKED BY DETECTIVES False News Manufactured So That Germany Might Be Misinformed Spies Were of Very Little service TO Germany. London.In the possession of a sergeant-major of the British military foot police is a peculiarly made leath er strapor, rather, a series of straps for which Madame Tussaud's doubtless would pay a large sum of money. It is the strap with which German spies caught in this country and con demned to death were fastened in a special chair at the Tower of London prior to being shot. Like a wise man, the sergeant-major had the strap made to his own design and paid for it with his own money. It is to him a priceless relic of the great war. Germany's vaunted spy system, like the overboomed German navy hardly realized expectations. There were, it is true, a great many spies in England, both before and after the war-acting on behalf of the kaiser. Most of them were neutrals, and came originally from South American states. The British secret service resem bled Its magnificent navy. It did its work as silently and effectively, and the necessary reticence observed as to Its doings contributed very materially to the discomfiture felt by the Ger man government owing to the mis leading information which "fell" into German hands. Mythical Barrage in Channel. As a matter of fact, the naval In telligence department, under Rear Ad miral Hall, acting in conjunction with the censor's department, provid ed false information to the Germans, an Instance being the mythical Strait of Dover submarine barrage revealed by Sir Roger Keyes. Nearly all Germany's spies in this country attempted to forward their Information by post. But thanks to the'ceh'sor's staff it was rarely these letters, even although written in In visible Ink, went undetected. All spies were not arrested imme diately they were detected. The Brit ish secret service, ever considerate, allowed them to send and receive let ters and collect Information, but it re served the privilege of opening the correspondence both ways and mak ing alterations likely to be of more use to the allies than to Germany. It is difficult to estimate the value of the information obtained by this method. The Hun, with his profound disrespect for British finesse, prob ably never will believe that Britain could be guilty of such astuteness. It is certain that Germany obtained very little that was useful from her spies in England. From the outbreak of war the ports were too carefully watched to permit of much leakage. Up and down the east and south west coasts of England were, how ever, many "hydros," palatial hotels, built right on the sea, with large cop per domes twinkling brightly for many miles out at sea. And the manager was often a German. Eight German spies were executed in this country, while many more are undergoing long terms of penal servi tude. For obvious reasons the names of many never were revealed. The imperial government continued to communicate with them blissfully unaware that their agents had gone to a bourne from which not even a German spy returns. The British se cret service kindly acted as the spy's deputy. Executed in Tower. The execution of these spies is nat urally an unpleasant subject, but none the less interesting. After the secret trial and condemnation to death the spy was taken to the tower, there to await the dread summons in the early hours of the morning. Taken from his cell by a party of military police the spy was strapped to a chair in a quadrangle of the tower. There, fac ing him, about ten paces distant, was a firing party, usually eight men, from the battalion of guards on duty at the time. A low instruction from the officer in command to aim at the heart, a sharp order "Fire!" a burst of flame, and the crack of eight rifles had end ed the career of another of Germany's tools. One spy was hanged at Wormwood Scrubs prison seven others were shot. The hanging cost about $100, and, coming to the conclusion that it would be just as effective, to say noth ing of considerably cheaper, it was (decided to shoot all spies at the tow er. Eight cartridges at three cents each was a much more appropriate valuation of a German. Of the female spies much doubt less will be written by fiction writers of the future. Like the men, they suc ceeded in getting comparatively little information of value out of the coun try. Most of them, neither young nor beautiful like the spy of the story writer, are languishing behind prison walls and will remain there for some years to come. British chivalry for bade their execution. -w-*K.-'nse^8$iiw