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8 THE SPRINGFIELD REPUBLICAN. DAILY, SUNDAY, WEEKLY. SUBSCRIPTION RATES. THE DAILY REPUBLICAN: Three cents e copy. 16 cents a week. 70 cents a month, $2 a quarter, $S a year: including the Sunday edition, 20 <znt« a week. 85 cents a month, $2.50 a quarter, $lO a year. THE SUNDAY REPUBLICAN: Five cents a copy, 50 cents a quarter, $2 a year. THE WEEKLY REPUBLICAN: Three cents a copy, 25 cents for three months, $1 a year. AH subscriptions are payable strictly in advance. Sample copies sent free. ADVERTISING RATES. ClaMifled in Daily, Sunday or Weekly. 5 cents a line (six words) each insertion; no book charge less than 25 cents. Extra Dis played Notices, Amusements and Meetings, 10 cents a line, no charge under 50 cents. Reading Notices. 15 cents a line; Local No tices, 20 cents a line; Sunday Notices, 10 cents a line; no charge under 50 cents. Births, Marriages and Deaths. 25 cents. Re duction for advertisements running one month or longer. Subscribers and advertisers are requested to remit by New Yorx or Boston check, post office or express money order, or registered letter, and to address THE REPUBLICAN, SPRINGFIELD, MASS. HOLYOKE OFFICE: For news and adver tisements, 8 Marble Building. WASHINGTON OFFICE: 206 Corcoran Building, corner Pennsylvania Avenue and Fifteenth Street. NEW YORK OFFICE; 5020 Metropolitan building, 1 Madison Avenue. CHICAGO OFFICE: 403 Marquette Building. BPRINGFIELD, THURSDAY, JUNE 2, 1910. SIXTEEN PAGES. Why the Corporntfon Tax Cases Go Over. The question of the constitutionality of the new federal corporation income tax law is evidently in doubt before the United States supreme court. This seems to be the conclusion required of the action of the court Tuesday in assigning the test cases for reargument next fall before a full bench. These cases were heard March 17 and 18 last, or before the death of Justice Brewer. Under similar circumstances the Standard oil and tobacco trust cases were put over for a rehearing some time ago. or soon after Judge Brewer had passed away. That was supposed to and pre sumably did indicate that the court was closely and perhaps hopelessly divided, as constituted at the hearing when eight judges were sitting. But in the case of the corporation in come tax the court has ever since kept it under advisement, and a decision has been expected for some time, as the tax must be paid before July 1 next. Seven judges were acting and could render as valid a decision as a full bench. There could be no tie, and the fact that the cases have been carried all these weeks under ad visement, with a final conclusion now to put them over for reargument before a full bench, must mean that the seven judges have been standing 4 to 3 either for or against the constitutionality of the tax. We may reasonably suppose further that, with such a disposition of the judges, there was hesitation on the part of all to hand down a decision so closely divided on so important a matter. There was there fore continued delay. Some judges might be brought to a change of view. Four judges would constitute a majority of a quorum, but not of a full bench, and would it be wise to let a minority of the full bench affirm or deny the validity of so innovating and far-reaching a policy of the national government as this law represents? Meanwhile the time came for the court to adjourn for the summer; the limit of time on the collection of the tax for this year was close at hand: and the court—we may suppose—still stood 4 to 3. Such circumstances would abundantly ex plain the conclusion, after so long delay, to put the cases over for reargument, it is not otherwise to be satisfactorily ex plained. We must regard it as encouraging that the court does appear to be so divided, and that it may finally overthrow this most objectionable law of tax discrimina tion against the corporate form of doing business and federal invasion of the hith erto undisputed right of the states to charter and control business corporations operating within their own boundaries. If we are to have general federal control of business corporations, let it come under the interstate commerce power of Con gress and in relation only to interstate commerce and not under the tax power which sets the national government up in control even of corporations whose busi ness is wholly intrastate and which gives to partnerships in business an unfair ad vantage. For this law we should substi tute an individual federal income-tax law which is not open to these objections. The Hate Prosecution of the Rail roads. Railroads operating in trunk-line and Missouri river territory gave notice to the interstate commerce commission some time ago, as required by law, of an in tention to advance rates on June 1. At the same time. In accordance with law, the proposed schedules were filed with the commission. It would next be in order, under our federal policy of public regula tion, for shippers to make complaints of the unreasonableness of any or all of the new rates, if they are disposed to com plain; and then for the commission to go Into the matter and pass judgment, speci fying what would be a reasonable rate or rates, with orders that the same be observed. Clearly if this policy of regulation is worth anything at nil it should be equal to the present emergency of establishing justice as between shippers nnd rail roads. But shippers in the territory af fected evidently have uo confidence in the efficacy of the Raid policy. They hnve frankly stated to Attorney-General Wick ersham that this method of securing rea sonableness in rates is too slow nnd cum bersome In its workings to suit them or the aitijation as they see it. They de- nmnd accordingly that the department of justice step in nhead of the interstate commerce commission nnd invoke the Shermnn antitrust act with an injunction against putting the rnte changes into ef fect. and a prosecution on charges of con spiracy in restraint of trade—evidence of a conspiracy being afforded by the fact that all lines in the territory affected are making the same rate changes and in creases at the same time. Proceedings under the antitrust act will have nothing to do with any question of reasonable ness or unreasonableness of the changed rates. They may be ever so reasonable; but if there hns been concerted action embracing competing roads, then the rate changes would be permanently enjoined and the roads punished for putting their heads together. And to this appeal of the shippers the government responds af firmatively nnd will now seek mi injunc tion preventing the new rates from being put into effect, and it will of course have no trouble in obtaining such a ju dicial order. Here. then, is a delightful mixup. What the government is now enjoining is what the railroads have been doing for years. What they have been doing for years has been done openly and with the implied sanction of the government. Indeed, the fixing of differentials on the export traffic of the trunk lines lias had the open sanc tion of the interstate commerce commis sion; and the same principle has obtained among the roads throughout the affected territory of mutual rate adjustments cal culated to secure what is supposed to be an equitable distribution of traffic as be tween leading points of competitive con tact. President Roosevelt recognized the exist ence of such a situation, regarded it as inevitable and even desirable, and urged its open legal sanction by a law permit ting rate agreements under the approval of the interstate commerce commission. The republican national convention of 19OS recognized it and put into its plat form a resolution in favor of such a law. President Taft has recognized it and had embodied such a provision in his railroad bill. This provision has been stricken out in the Senate at the instance of the in surgent republicans. And now the gov ernment, against its own declared policy and that of its party proclaimed in na tional conx-ention, is to proceed to break up a railroad rate situation and policy which has obtained all the force of es tablished and recognized and legally sanctioned practice: and the end of it must be. if the government's contention is given any standing under the antitrust law. to throw the whole interior through rate sit uation into the utmost confusion, and re store the old conditions under which ruin ous rate wars were the rule of the time. But if Congress, after due considera tion, refuses to grant express legal sanc tion to these long-practiced rate agree ments, why should not the president pro ceed to break them up? Complaint has been made and no other course would seem to be open to him. If Congress is opposed to a policy of rate stability under the guardianship of the interstate com merce commission against unreasonable rates, then it must want a policy of rate instability, and when a law is within reach to bring this about it evidently becomes the duty of the president to proceed under it on complaint. Meantime have we a policy of national regulation of railroads? If so, just what is it? And, if so, how much confidence in its effectiveness have those who are its strongest advocates? Oar Local Educational Eveat. The literary anniversary season this year opens in Springfield with the quarter eentury celebration of the Young Men’s Christian association training school. It is an occasion worthy of home recognition and attendance. What this school accom plishes is ou exhibition in this city outside the regular proceedings of the institution —in that the boys’ club, the Young Men's Christian association, the physical depart ment of the schools, the conduct of the playgrounds and swimming pools in sum mer, not to speak of the Sunday-school athletic league, are largely handled by graduates or students of this institution. It is thus possible to see by the practical test that the purpose to prepare men for Christian leadership among adolescent boys and young men is achieved, and that this field is worth cultivating. In the accomplishment of this end there has been developed a course of instruction based on the study of man, in contrast with the course of divinity followed in theological schools—aud the graduates of the one curriculum are able to supplement the labors of the graduates of the other. In other words, a gap that long existed is being tilled with trained men, and so there has been a real contribution to education. So much for the scope of the work that has its appeal to Springfield and the wider public, but first of all to our people who are in touch with the men who are de veloping this school. The opportunity of hearing the speakers who have been drawn here for this 25th anniversary week is worth embracing—Dr Balliet and Prof George A. Coe of Union theological seminary, on lines of religious education; Dr Walter Rauschenbusch, on the social aspect of the kingdom of God, and social service as an expression of the religious life; and Dr Luther H. Gulick and President G. Stanley Hall, on psycho logical and physical themes. It is the things nt our doors that we are most prone to neglect, whether it be scenery or chances for mental or moral enlightenment—hence the suggestion that particular thought be hnd for this local anniversary. There are enrolled for the three-years’ course of the training school 166 men, 109 in the physical course and 57 in the secre tarial course. As n feature of the 25th anniversary effort Ims been made to large ly increase the school's equipment. Through the gift of SIO,OOO by Herbert i L. Pratt of Brooklyn, the new athletic field is to be provided, and an additional gymnasium is being erected at an outlay of S7S,(MX). This does not include the two upper floors of the tower and a needed swimming pool, to secure which $20,000 additional must be obtained. Toward the new library, which will cost $63,000, there is $31,000 on hand. The year hag brought an addition of $20,000 to the endowment fund, which now amounts to $116,000. whereas at least $1,000,000 ought to be hnd to place the institution nt its best. In the matter of grounds It is fortunately situated, having 35 acres on one aide of Watershops pond and 25 acres on the THE SPRINGFIELD WEEKLY REPUBLICAN: THURSDAY, JUNE 2, 1910, other: while the buildings and land, in cluding the equipment now under way. are valued at about $330,000. Here is much accomplished in 25 years. To many of us the beginnings of the training school are familiar, and it long ago took its place as an established factor and the leader of a new departure in the Christian work of the country. Its appeal is really inter national. however, for among the students are 34 subjects of George V—from Can ada, India. England, Ireland, Australia and New Zealand; as well as students from Japan. Korea, France and Holland picked youth, sent so far afield to bring back new ideas for helpful home service. They become apostles of manly living. The FBESinENT of the Oneida (N. Y.) Community, William A. Hinds, is dead, and there will be local interest in the fact that he was born at Belchertown. February 2. 1833. He was a remarkable business manager, and will be greatly missed. When that community was reor ganized in 1881 as a joint stock corpora tion, Mr Hinds was chosen a member of the first beard of directors. He after ward tilled successively the offices of sec retary and treasurer, anil in 1903 was elected president. He had other business interests, and was regarded as the main stay of the community. But let us go back and see how this Hampshire county farmer's boy came to be thus allied. While still u youth he became interested in socialism, a subject which at that time was engaging the enthusiastic attention of such leading men as Owen, Fourier, Brisbane and Greeley. The Oneida com munity was then in process of formation at Putney. Vt„ and Mr Hinds became one of its earliest members. Throughout the long career of the Oneida community Mr Hinds was prominent in its affairs. As editor of the Oneida Circular, the organ of the community, and as superintendent of one of its principal industries. Mr Hinds took a leading part in shaping the relations of the community to the general public, “and his unfailing courtesy, brond ■intelligence and sterling integrity were ‘responsible for much of the favor with 'which the-community was regarded,” says the Syracuse Post-Standard. He must have been an unusual man, because he began and completed a university course at an age when few men could persuade themselves to set aside their practical interests for the sake of education. He was 34 years old. and had already been for many years a writer and editor, when he entered the Yale Sheffield scientific school, where he was graduated with dis tinction in 1870. Mr Hinds made a spe cial study of American experiments in so cialism. and his book. “American Com munities." is regarded as n foremost au thority on this subject. DEATH OF PROF ROBERT KOCH. Famous Bacteriologist, Discoverer of the Bacilli of Tuberculosis and Cholera. Prof Robert Koch, the famous bacteri ologist, died at Baden Baden, Ger., Fri day from a disease of the heart. He was born at Klausthal, Hanover, De cember 11, 1843. Prof Koch became dis tinguished as an investigator of micro organisms, but probably gained most re nown as the discoverer of the bacilli of tuberculosis and cholera. He was grad uated in 1866 from the university of Goet tingen, and while a practitioner at Wallstein began his researches in bacteriology. His first writings cover ing investigations of anthrax and the aetiology of traumatic infective dis eases marked an epoch in medicine and placed bacteriology on a scientific basis. He was sent by the German gov ernment to India and Egypt to study cholera and discovered the comma bacillus, the presence of which is regarded as an infallible test in diagnosing Asiatic chol era. Prof Koch received decorations from the German and French governments for his discoveries. He visited the United States in 1908 and attended the interna tional tuberculosis conference in Philadel phia. Dr Koch was 35 years old when, in 1879, he made his discovery that the dis ease anthrax in cattle was caused by the prest net of bacilli. He was made gov ernment adviser in the imperial health de partment. He had his own laboratory, four army surgeons acted as assistants, and a group of 75 students studied under him. Dr Koch having obtained his place, his laboratory and his opportunitv, he ad dressed himself to the study of consump tion. For a brief period from 1883 to 1885 he was engaged in studying cholera, and discovered what is known as the comma bacillus, a little comma-shaped body which transmits the disease and whose multiplication in the intestines causes it. For the discovery Gertnanv gave him a grant of $33,750, in Germany a competence. But for this interruption his whole time had been given to the subject of consumption. When Dr Koch began, this disease was less known than almost any other of equal importance. Cure was looked upon as practically impossible, unless undertaken at the very beginning, and in regard to prevention the entire world of hygiene was in the dark. Laennec had shown that the disease eould probably be inoculated, and De Villemain proved this. In three years after beginning his work in 1882, Dr Koch announced the discovery, isola tion, and, what was more important still, determinative tests of a bacillus winch in variably attended consumption. In November, 1890, Dr Koch aunounced that he had discovered in tnbereulin, which later proved to be an attenuated culture of tin- bacillus, a remedy well calculated to destroy lupus, a consumption in the skin and which had its effect on the dis ease when in the lungs. He announced on July 25, 1891, that he had censed its use as n curative agent. It hag remained only for the purpose of discovering the existence of the disease, and this in the case of human beings wns attended with to> much danger to render its use either prudent or frequent. While this discovery bail no effect upon the treatment of con sumption, it came instantly into use in aid ing a growing crusade against the use of meat or of milk from cattle with bovine tuberculosis. Again at an interval of 10 years Dr Koch made another announcement upon the disease to which he had given his life, declaring that the bacillus cannot be transmitted into the human system by either moat or milk which comes from diseased cattle. The subject remains whore it was, still a matter of inference. Only Dr Koch's investigation shifts the burden of proof against the transmission of dis ease by meat and milk from diseased cattle instead of leaving the probability the otne.’ way. The essential change, however, made by his discovery is that it em phusizes the one channel for uroteclion from the disease toward which medical science has been steadily tending its dif fi'sion through the dried sputum' of con sumptives. Reports from Pittsburg are to the effect ’ that prayer is to he offered there at Rnn- I day hall games hereafter. They need ’em I somewhere in the dt*. NEWS FROM WASHINGTON. FINAL TOUCHES TO RAILROAD BILL DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE TO ACT. Prwncr of Shippern in the City Has n Somewhat Panicky Effect. From Our Special Correspondent. Washington, D. C„ Tuesday. May 31. Unable to endure an hour of Senator Stone, who had well fortified himself for a tiresome speech, the Senate adjourned to day without taking a vote on the railroad bill, but it would appear it will do so to morrow. Senator Cummins, for one, left to night for lowa, where the mending of his fences requires urgent personal attention. As the insurgents in n statement declared to-day that they will vote for the railroad bill, its passage is a certainty. The only, matter that now remains in doubt is the La Follette amendment, requiring the in terstate commerce commission to make a physical valuation of railroads. The repub lican managers had enough votes to defeat this to-day, but nobody will venture to forecast whether such a vote can again be mustered to-morrow. Matters do not stay “put" nowadays. There was a valedictory address over the railroad bill by Senator Cummins, who for three months has talked on the bill, and not without effect. The language of the valedictory was a Composite evidently of all the views of the insurgent senators and, as recited, seemed rathen tame. It contained a statement of the merits of the bill, and the declaration further that be cause of these and the fact that most of the objectionable features had been elim inated, the insurgents or progressives were now ready to vote for it, and would. Ap parently the insurgents will carry their views to the stump, but it would seem that in one respect they will be disap pointed. Early in the session it was said by them that they intended to make the bill so odious that the much-hated Payne bill would look virtuous in comparison. A measure they have voted for cannot very well be thus denounced. From the state ment further, it is to be the plan of the insurgents to agitate for those features in railroad legislation the Senate refused to consider. The amendment of Senator Brown pro hibiting railroads from acquiring any stock in competing lines was easily lost by a vote of 41 to 20. The senator has said he has wanted to retain some Taft features in the bill. The House kept time over the sundry civil bill waiting for the Senate to pass the railroad bill as a fillip for expeditious action on its own account in legislation. The presence in Washington of so many shippers demanding action on the part of the department of justice against the rail roads that have increased rates in the Mest, apparently in conformity with a common understanding, had to-day a some what panicky effect hl Washington, and chiefly under excitement was Senator La toilette, who rushed to and fro in his perturbation and desire that the Senate express its sense that (he attorney-gen eral should proceed against the rash rail roads. A resolution to that effect he of fered in the Senate. Matters became calmed later when it was announced from the White House that the department would move with ex pedition against the venturesome railroads. Later it had its effect in the adoption by the Senate by a viva voile vote of an amendment offered by Senator Cummins putting the burden of proof on railroads to show that their increased rates are rea sonable. including rates, increased as far back as January of this year. Senator Elkins protested against- the retroactive feature of the amendment, hut Senator Cummins insisted upon it and it was adopted, to the great surprise of the lowan, who for once at all events was able to write something into the railroad bill. It may be well questioned whether the panic is seemly on the part of anyone. The House conferees over the rivers and harbors bill won a signal victory to-day when the Senate conferees yielded on all the points the House was opposed to and mainly the voting of appropriations on projects not approved by army engineers. Nearly a million was saved this way. The bill is now made almost entirely accept able to the president. In the improve ment of the bill no small praise is due to Representative Lawrenee. one of the con ferees. The principle the House conferees contended for has been maintained. It remains to be seen how the senators who have been hurt will bear it. One in cludes Mr Aldrich. CUMMINS AMENDMENT DEFEATED. Half a Doren Democrat* “Dock,” to the Dlnpleawure of Mr La Follettee. From Our Special Correspondent. Washington, D. C., Thursday, May 26. Things have moved rapidly to-day in the Senate. The flood of oratory was tem porarily exhausted when Senator La Follette ended his two-days' speech. The long postponed vote on the Cummins amendment, requiring the authorization of railroad rate increases prior to their tak ing efft’ct, was then soon reached. The result from the point of view of the reg ulars was even better than they had dared hope. The amendment wns defeated, 43 to 29. But, as expected, the outcome was considerably affected by the swinging of democratic votes. Four democrats stood up and lot them selves be openly counted against the amendment, while half a dozen others "ducked." according to the slang of the Senate corridors. That is to say. they took pains not to be in the Senate chamber at the moment the vote was t^ken or, if present, they failed to answer to their names. But before the result of the vote had even been announced Senator I<a Follette was on his feet, demanding with some show of bitterness that the names be read, not merely of those who had voted one way or the other, but also of those who had been paired and particu larly of those who had refrained from voting without being paired. It is fig ured that if nil the democrats had stuck nolidlv hy their insurgent allies, the vote would have been nearly a tie. After the Cummins amendment had been thus disposed of a compromise amend ment was offered by Senator Jones of Washington, nnd was adopted. It stipu lates that the interstate commerce com mission may, "in its discretion," suspend increases in rates for n further period of six months beyond the period of two months already provided in the bill, If the two-months' period i« insufficient for the commission to conclude the necessary hearings and reach n decision. Subsequently the three sections of the railroad bill relating to capitalization wore bodily stricken out by n vote of <lB to 1. Senator Burton of Ohio cast the single vote in favor of their retention. Study of the situation lisa convinced the lenders that these sections covered so much disputed ground that nn effort to retain them in the bill might have led to a debats covering many weeka and have ' r' "• in-ioSmtely postponed the passage i of the bill. DEBATE OVER TAFT’S EXPENSES. Democrats Find Fault With the Presi dent. President Taft's traveling expenses, and I ihe fact that already he has overdrawn his ■ allowance of $25,000 a year voted by Con ’ gress, led to acrimonious debate in the i House Thursday and refused to permit him to use the next year's allowance to meet the deficiency. As reported from the House committee on appropriations, the item of $25,000 for the fiscal year beginning July 1 next would have become "immediately available,” except for the protests of dem ocratic members. The words “immediately available” were finally stricken out by the action of Mr Mann of 111., the occupant of the chair, who sustained a point of order made by Mr Macon of Ark., n democrat. It was the western and southern trip made by Mr Taft last fall that exhausted the White House traveling! fund. During the debate Chairman Tawney, in charge of the bill, criticised southern democrats for their attitude in objecting to an appropria tion to defray the expense of a trip on which they had been the president's guests. Representative Hardwick of Ga. drew from Mr Tawney the admission that Sec retary Carpenter furnished him a list of names of democrats who accepted the president's hospitality. Speaking of the use of the names of such democrats. Mr Bart lett of Ga. charged that "the president has violated both the rules of hospitality and of decent conduct.” Speaker Cannon, in a speech from the fioor. defended the neces sity of the president meeting the whole people, and said that his long trips to various sections of the country were neces sary. The president. Mr Tawney explained, made his long trip through the West aud South on the invitation of senators, gov ernors of states and civic organizations. "This trip,” said Mr Tawney, “was not made for his own pleasure. Congress was in session when delegation after delega tion from this House, from the Senate and from the different states visited him, urging him to make such a trip." At that time. Mr Tawney said, there ,was no appropriation to meet traveling expenses. "The president informed the chairman of the committee on appropriations." ex plained Mr Tawney, “that personally he would rather remain at his summer home after adjournment than to make that trip, and that the only way he would be able to .make It would be through Congress giving him an apppropriation which we failed to make nt the close of the 60th Congress. Now after the president has accepted the invitation of members of this House and has visited their states, after senators and governors invited him and while on that trip he accepted their hospi tality. they criticise him.” This statement greatly excited the democrats, several of whom vainly attempted to interrupt. Mr Tawney said nine democratic gov ernors invited the president to visit their states, the states being Texas, Colorado. Indiana. Mississippi. Louisiana, Montana, South Carolina, North Carolina and Arkan sas. He added that democratic senators from Louisiana. Mississippi, Tennessee. Georgia, Missouri, North Carolina, Florida, Colorado and South Carolina and 25 demo cratic representatives extended to the president the hospitality of their states and districts. “Is this southern hospital ity : shouted Mr Tawney, looking toward the democrats. “Can there be a meaner num than he who invites another to ac cept his hospitality and then kicks him because he accepted?" Mr Bartlett of Ga., demanded what representatives accepted the hospitality of the president on that trip as stated by Mr Tawney. Mr Tawney promptly re plied Mr Bartlett and his colleague, Mr Hardwick, of Ga. “That is not true; that is false!” exclaimed Mr Bartlett. The Georgian added that he did ride in the president's car, but paid his own fare, Mr Tawney said three democratic sena tors were guests of the president on his western trip. Mr Fitzgerald declared that when the president exhausted his appro priation for traveling expenses he should have “had strength of character either to decline some of these invitations or to pay his own expenses.” He dismissed the president's speeches on his trip as more harmful to the republican than to the democratic party, and criticised as a remarkable proceeding Mr Tawney's ob taining from the White House a list of the democrats who. at the request of the people in their communities, urged the president to visit them. PRESIDENT DEEPLY PAINED. Sayn in Letter to Tawney That Re flections on Southern Hospitality Are Obnoxious. President Taft Friday sent to Chair man Tawney of the House committee on appropriations, a letter expressing deep re sentment at the criticisms passed by demo crats in the House debate Thursday upon the traveling expenses of the president. The president says he is especially dis tressed by “suggested reflection on south ern hospitality.” The president’s letter follows :— The White House. Washington, May 27. 1910. "My Dear Mr Tawney: I am deeply grieved over the phase which the discussion of the appropriation for the traveling expenses of the president took yesterday. I think it is a legitimate argument in favor of such an appropriation that congressmen and many others press the acceptance of invita tions to visit their sections and districts, because the urgency of such requests indi cates the opinion on the part of the peo ple that one of the duties of the president is to visit the people in their homes. “But the intimation or suggestion that the acceptance by congressmen of the pres ident’s invitation to travel on the train with him in their respective districts or states, was a reason why they should not vote their free opinion on the question of such an appropriation is to me a most painful one. In traveling upon the train they were not receiving my hospitality— they were only making a little more elab orate the cordial welcome which they as representatives of their districts, wished to give. The feature of the discussion yester day which was especially distressing to me was a suggested reflection on southern hospitality. The intimation that some where in the South board was charged hns no foundation in fact, and I never heard it intimated until I saw it in this morn ing’s paper. In all my experience, and I have enjoyed the hospitality of many sec tions and countries of the world, I never had a more cordial, generous, open and lavish welcome than I had in the south ern states during my trip, nnd the slightest hint that puts me in the attitude of a critic of that hospitality gives me great pain. I am going to take the liberty of making this letter to you public. Very sincerely yours, (Signed) William 11. Taft. Following the receipt of President Taft's letter, Representative Tawney is sued a loug statement saying that the colloquy ou the floor Thursday between himself and southern members regarding "southern hospitality," had been distort ed. Mr Tawney's statement follows in part:— “It is ridiculous to suppose that I would reflect privately, much less publicly, upon the floor of the House of Representatives upon southern hospitality, which is pro verbial, and than which—as I can say from experience—there is nothing cordial or more generous to be imagined. But I agree with the statement of President Tnft in his letter to me to-day that 'it is a legitimate argument in favor of such nn appropriation that congressmen and many others press the acceptance of in vitations to visit their sections and dis tricts because the urgency of such requests indicates the opinion on the part of the people that one of the duties of the president is to visit the people in their homes.’ I had spoken of a mon who would ask the president to be his guest, entertain him and then criticise him for making the visit, as ‘in effect charging Kim board.' Mr Bartlett of Georgia, evidently misunder standing my remark, demanded to know of a single instance where the president was charged board, and Representative Hamer of Idaho, before I could reply, injected the facetious comment that he thought it was in Georgia. Of course, the president never was charged for his board when the guest of Anyone in Georgia, or anywhere else, and no such allegation was made. The president, after reading the morning papers, says in his letter to me that ‘the intimation that somewhere in the South board was charged has no foundation in fnct, and I never heard it intimated until I saw it in this morning's paper.' ” AUGUSTA'S PROTEST Against Southern Congressmen Op position to the Appropriation for the President's Travels. A protest against the action of certain democratic members of Congress in oppos ing the appropriation of $25,000 for the president’s expenses, covering the presi dent’s last southern trip, and an offer to make up the deficiency was telegraphed to Speaker Cannon Saturday by the Au gusta (Ga.) chamber of commerce and cotton exchange and Georgia-Carolina fair association. The telegram announced that at a called meeting of the three or ganizations held Saturday, the following memorial was ordered sent to the speaker, to be presented to the House and to President Taft:— Augusta, the winter home of President Taft, stands indignant and mortified at the action of certain democratic members of Congress In defeating by technical objection the prop osition to make retroactive, so as to cover all the expenses of his last southern trip, the appropriation of $25,000 for the president’s traveling expenses. At a joint meeting of the chamber of commerce, the merchants' and manufacturers’ association, cotton exchange and board of trade and the Georgia-Carolina fair association, held this day. It was unani mously agreed that we respectfully tender through you to the government of the United States the $50,000 necessary to meet the de ficiency of the president's recent transconti nental trip, which did so much to cement the ties between the different sections and bring the nation and the nation's chief executive In closer touch and sympathy with each other. NEW SECRETARY FOR MR TAFT. Mr Carpenter Not a. Success—Cabinet Changes Also Possible —Problem of Superannuation in the Departments —Mr Gillett’s Work. From Our Special Correspondent. Washington, D. C., Friday,’ May 27. The retirement of Mr Carpenter, the president’s private secretary, is given an importance here in Washington which may be difficult for the rest of the country to understand. Probably no other one step which President Taft could, have taken would have founded a larger hope that the administration will soon enter upon an era of better fortune than that under which it has suffered in the past. But while this bold statement is necessary in order to give the truth of the matter, jus tice to Mr Carpenter requires an equal recognition of the fact that his faithfulness an ! extreme devotion to what he has con ceived to be Mr Taft’s best interests have won him a universal respect for the sin cerity of his intentions, even though not for his judgment. Toward him personally there is far more good will than there has been toward some presidential secretaries of the past, who, if they have been more clever, nave also been niore self-seeking. The duties of the secretary to the pres ident are onerous and exacting. He must have a mind for a thousand and one things, and for a thousand and one peo ple. But, above all, he must have an imagination' and a fine sense of discrim ination, and he must not manage accord ing to mere strict routine the multiple affairs of public service and politics which pass through his hands on the way to the president, or which he must settle himself in order to spare the president time. A presidential private secretary who thus fills his post is second only to the really leading members of the cabi net in actual influence and importance. Mr Carpenter has unfortunately, lacked that deftness or aptitude for politics, and for the smooth handling of many people which the post requires. For months past an endless amount of criticism hns been going the rounds, and while much of it has doubtless been ex aggerated or without basis, it has un questionably done the administration a deal of harm. There has come the cumu lative effect of innumerable instances in which people having to do with the M hite House hnve apparently been needlessly ir ritated. Quite recently the inconsistency between the Saturday afternoon denial that the president had made any use of the Lawler memorandum in exonerating Bal linger and President. Taft’s letter of the next evening to Senator Nelson has been widely charged up to Mr Carpenter. It is not at all clear, however, that he was in fault in this particular case, as the Saturday afternoon denial wns issued aft er direct consultation with Attorney-Gen eral Wickershnm nnd Secretary Ballinger, while the president himself was communi cated with by telephone at the golf links. Mr Carpenter hns also been sharply crit icised for alleged bungling in furnishing Mr Tawney the names of the southern congressmen who had been on President Tuft's special train in the South and by using which, ns he did in yesterday s un fortunate debate, Mr Tawney put the pres ident in n false and uncomfortable light mid aroused his just indignation. But regardless of these matters, earnest well-wishers of the administration have for some time urged the president to find a new post for Mr Carpenter nnd a new secretary for himself. There is no ques tion. moreover, that Mr Carpenter hns been overburdened nnd needs such a re lief as the ministership to Morocco will afford him. Speculation is already rife as to the choice Mr Tnft will make in filling the vacant place. The names most prominently mentioned are those of Charles D. Hilles and Charles D. Norton, both of whom are very capable assistant secretaries of the treasury under Mr Mac- Voagh nnd either of whom would undoubt edly be of great service to Mr Taft in smoothing his path by wise action nnd good ndvice. Rut speculation goes even further than this. The hope is expressed that, having reluctantly begun to reorganize at a point where Mr Carpenter’s very faithfulness made it doubly difficult, Mr Taft will go on and not hesitate to make changes in the cabinet itself. If one or more cabinet offi cers should also be immediately given dis tant diplomatic posts, the administration's stock would look up still higher. The recent, laying off of a large num ber of employes in the treasury department for the purpose of economy has attracted new attention to the problem of super annuation in the government service. The fnct that some of the. employes who wore thus turned adrift are handicapped by age in making a new start after long vears of service for the government, during which they hnve laid by little or nothing for a ! rainy day. lends the situation nn clement of pnthotic interest. This is pot unlikely to be of considerable nid in hastening the day when the problem is handled in the manner which In both moat humane and most business-like. President Tnft is strongly in support of some plan for the retlrom«<nt of government employes on an nuities raised from their own contribu tions. This is the problem to which Congress man Gillett of Springfield has for years given study, and he Is much encouraged and pleased by the hearty indorsement given by the president and the cabinet to the bill of which he is in charge in the House of Representatives. The bill has been favorably reported upon by Mr Gil lett’s committee and Is therefore in a posi tion to be brought up on a calendar Wednesday, if there is any opening. A long step forward will have been made when it is thus brought openly before the House for public discussion. The matter is so large that it is not reasonable to ex pect that Congress will actually enact such legislation until the campaign of educa tion has proceeded further. But in view of the undoubted fact that the plan would not only mean a great economy in govern ment service, but also greater efficiency and a better protected and contented force of employes, it is reasonable to expect that its adoption must come sooner or later and that the work which Mr GillWt and others have thus far done without tangible result must ultimately bear fruit. A LETTER FROM COL ROOSEVELT. Wants to Meet a Certain Leader of the ’’lnsurgents’*—Latter Expects ex- Presldent’s Support. Ex-President Roosevelt has written a letter from London to a prominent repub lican “insurgent” member of the House of Representatives, requesting the latter to meet him in a conference as soon after the ex-president’s arrival in New York on June 18 as possible. Mr Roosevelt's letter in dicates that he is desirous of learning the “insurgent” situation in the House from first hand as soon as possible after his re turn to this country. The member receiv ing the letter declined to allow the use of his name in connection with it, as he said it might prove embarrassing for both Mr Roosevelt and himself if made known at this time. He did. however, show the let ter to one or two persons with the injunc tion that they should not disclose its text. It is known that there has been an inter change of letters between this member aud the ex-president since the latter’s arrival in London. The “insurgent” is a long-time personal friend of Mr Roosevelt, and for that rea son has not hesitated about advising the ex-president unreservedly about the various political events which have taken place since Mr Roosevelt's departure for Africa a year ago. In response to Mr Roosevelt's request, the “insurgent” member has made a hotel reservation in New York for June 18. This member expressed no doubt whatever that Mr Roosevelt would support the cause of the House insurgents and prophesied that he would be found malting a few speeches this fall in the dis tricts represented by “insurgents.” who might be in danger of defeat. “What ever else may have been charged,” said this member, “Mr Roosevelt has never been accused of ingratitude toward his friends.” The Insurgent is Hamilton Fish. After the publication last week of the fact that "a prominent ‘insurgent’ repub lican member of the House of Representa tives" had received a letter from ex-Presi dent Roosevelt, as noted above, it became known that the recipient of the letter was Representative Hamilton Fish of New York. Mr Fish refused, however, to af firm or deny, for purposes of publication, that he received such a letter. It is known that Mr Fish nnd Col Roosevelt were warm personal friends as far back ns the time when Mr Fish was speaker of the New York state Assembly and the ex president was a police commissioner in New York city. Their political and per sonal friendship has continued ever since. Mr Fish has been one of the most active promoters of the “insurgent" movement among the republican members of the House during the present session. Taft to Spend the Fourth In Boaton. President Taft will celebrate the Fourth of July this year by reviewing in Boston a parade of more than 8000 persons, as sembled under the direction of the “Bos ton 1915 movement.” It is the intention of the “Boston 1915" committee, which is to take charge of the Boston Indepen dence-day celebration this year, to have the presi'dent act as a judge of the noise emanating methods which the committee will introduce for the observance of the holiday. The parade will be divided into several sections, each division showing the different ways in which Independence day has been observed since July 4. 1776. The program for the entertainment of 'Presi dent Taft while he is in Boston has not been definitely arranged, but it is expected that a banquet will be held in his honor during the evening. Appointment for President’s Secre tory. President Taft Friday appointed his secretary, Fred Warner Carpenter of Sauk Center, Minn., as United States min ter to Morocco, to succeed H. Percival Dodge. No successor has been chosen by the president to succeed Mr Carpenter. HUGHES CALLS EXTRA SESSION. Detent of the Cobb Primary Bill Brings Situation to a Crisis. Gov Hughes at Albany, N. Y., believing that there should be further opportunity for considering the Cobb compromise di rect nominations bill, which was defeated in the Assembly Thursday night, after hours of weary filibuster, called an ex traordinary session of the Legislature to meet on Monday, June 20. The legisla tors hnd listened to farewell addresses by Lieut-Gov White and Speaker Wads worth, cleared out their desks, packed their grips and said good-by, when the news of their recall spread through the capitol. Copies of the governor’s official procla mation were at once served upon the clerks of the two houses and loitering legislators remarked significantly that Theodore Roosevelt would be home about that time. REARGUMENT IS ORDERED In Corporation Tax Canes—May Come Up In October. The supreme court of the United States just before adjourning at Washington Tuesday until next October restored the 15 corporation tax cases heard last spring to the docket for reargument before a full bench. No specific date was set for the reargument. Should the court, after reargument, declare the tax not constitu tional, the money collected will be refunded without the necessity of congressional legis lation, the statutes mnkirtg ample pro vision for the return of taxes paid wrong fully er in error. The corporation tax is collectible the 80th. The assessments on that account have aggregated a trifle in ex cess of 827,<MX>,000, while the taxes paid to date amount to $675,325. Court Dismisses Appeal. An attempt to have the supreme court of the United States pass upon the au thority of common carriers engaged in in terstate commerce to make “Jim Crow" regulations, met with failure Tuesday nt Washington, when the court dismissed the so-called Chiles appeal from its docket. Missouri Law Unconstitutional. The statute of Missouri, passed March 13, 1907, prohibiting foreign corporations from doing business within the state, If they seek litigation in the United States courts, was Tuesday declared unconstitu tional by the supreme court of the Uulted States. „ ONLY Sta YEAHS~AGO. [From the New York World.] In other words, the cost of running the government in 1878—civil Ust, public works, army, navy, pensions, everything-- was less than the expense of the uavjr alone this year.