Springfield weekly Republican. [volume], September 17, 1914, Page 15, Image 15

About Springfield weekly Republican. [volume] (Springfield, Mass.) 1851-1946

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INTERESTS OF THE FARM
WORK OF THE VOLUNTEERS
FIELD DAY HERE OCTOBER 10
Agricultural Exhibit of Local Voca
tional School Called an Ex-
cellent One.
Thg Hampden County Volunteers are
doing excellent work. Many of the plots
are among the finest vegetable, corn and
potato plots in the county. The agricul
tural exhibition of the vocational school
of the city of Springfield held in the
Science building the past week shows what
boys can do along lines of agriculture
even in the cities when they get at it
in the right way and really settle down to
their work in a determined and business
like manner. Most of the towns where
the volunteer work has been undertaken
will have exhibits this fall and undoubted
ly they will be of a high order. The
Springfield exhibit was the first in the
series, and some of the exhibits of the
boys were so good that they cal’ed forth
high praise from experts, and in one or two
eases it was said that the specimens wore
as good as any ever shown in the state.
The agricultural vocational school at Brim
field has taken charge to help in this kind
of work In the town. The grange fair to
be held in Westfield through the efforts
of the grange has become an important
factor in stimulating such interest there.
The prizes offered by the fairs in Hamp
den county and by the state through the
state club work and the assistance of
the Massachusetts agricultural college and
of the Hampden county improvement
league in all this work combined to of
fer an opportunity for assistance and
stimulus in this work such as no pre
vious generation has known, and the boys
and girls in Hampden county are not slow
to take advantage of it
The garden and agricultural clubs ere
only one phase of the volunteer move
ment. This work includes athletics, or
ganized play and recreation, home-making,
school efficiency, community activity as
well as agriculture and garden work. The
volunteer movement is getting hundreds
of boys and girls interested and is as
sisting them in developing farms and
homes, recreation and social life and the
entire community. If the enthusiasm and
determination shown thus far is an in
dication of what is to be expected as the
work continues and expands the rising
generation will take hold of the funda
mental problems of the county and develop
them in such a way as has never yet
been witnessed in this section of the
county.
The field day and picnic which is to be
held at Forest park, Springfield, Satur
day, October 10, will bring together all
the boys and girls to give them a good
town competition, folk and war dances,
a good band, and interesting speeches.
Every boy and girl living in Brimfield,
Wilbraham. Ludlow, East Longemeadow.
Agawam, Russell and Blandford and ell
those in the agricultural and gardening
time and get. them acquainted with me
another and to listen to an inspiring and
stimulating program. There will be sight
seeing, athletics including individual and
work in the city should schedule this date
and arrange to be at Forest park at
9.45 o’clock on that day.
Vational Apple Day October SO.
Producers and consumers do not forget
this day, October 20, Producers should
make plans for the fruit advertising of
apples on this day. Consumers should plan
to make their menus for this day entirely
of apples. Retailers should plan to ad
yfr™ 6 day and sell apples cheaper.
Middlemen should plan to advertise and
push the day. All should make this day a
great success. Let’s co-operate and boom
'King Apple.”
Use More Apples This Year.
There are going to be more apples iu
Massachusetts this year than in a good
many years, and the prices will be low. so
ihat the apples will be within the reach
of all. In the past good apples have been
more expensive than oranges or other
fruits; therefore people have not had as
ngood apples as they ought to have.
e past people have not had an op
portunity to make by-products because of
the excessive initial cost of apples, hut
this year there is no reason why consumers
should not try to make apple butter and
other by-products. AH who have made
apple butter are loud in praise of it. and
it is hoped many will try the receipt which
follows: Pare, core and quarter the de
sired quantity of apples, allowing oue
third of sweet to two-thirds of sour ap
ples. Boil sweet cider until it is reduced
one-half. While the cider is boiling rapid
ly add apples until the mixture is the de
sired thickness. Cook slowly, stirring con
stantly and skimming when necessary.
When the apples begin to separate from
the cider, take two pounds of sugar to -
each bushel of apples used; add a little
ground cinnamon and boil until it remains
in a smooth mass, when a little is cooled.
Usually IM. bushels of apples are enough
for 1% gallons of boiled cider.
A BUBAL AUTO JOURNEY.
Hampden County Leagne Conducts
Many Men Through Hampden County.
The business men's trip of the Hampden
county improvement league to farms in
various sections of the county Friday
was an unqualified success. The party left
this city at 1 o'clock iu the afternoon
with some 50 people, but at Holyoke and
other points they were reinforced by addi
tions until they had 150 business men with
their families in 28 automobiles on the
excursion. This move on the part of the
league was a new departure for them,
planned for the purpose of acquainting
the business men with conditions among
the farmers. The day was pleasant and
the party had an opportunity to observe
farms under all conditions, seeing run
down ones and others which are in process
of development or are at the highest
state of scientific culture. Incidentally
they observed first hand the fine work the
league is doing in helping the farmers
with their problems, especially In intro
ducing business methods into farm man
agement. The members of the party came
from all over the county, there being
especially good delegations from this city,
M estfield, Holyoke, Chicopee, Monson and
Palmer.
The first stop was at the Whiting farm
in' Holyoke. The superintendent, Mr
Cross, was on hand to tell of the methods
used in raising the pure-blooded stock for
which the farm is noted. Mr Rising, su
perintendent of the McElwain stock farm
in West Springfield, also came up espe
cially far the purpose, telling of the value
of the league to the farmers. He told
especially of the good results his farm
had secured in the raising of alfalfa. Clin
ton J. Grant, agricultural adviser of the
league, spoke to the guests at thia time
on the work of the league. The party then
went over the farm, inspecting the - plant
and equipment.
The next atop was at the White farm in
Ludtoyv. fc. E. Chapman, master .of the,
state grange, addressed the party there
upon the value of the league to the farm-
ers. A. R. Jenks, horticultural adviser
of the league, also spoke on what the
league was doing on that farm. C. H.
Calkins's farm in Ludlow was the next
stop where the party visited the poultry
yard and the fine cornfield. Last year this
land was in poor shape. At the sugges
tion of the league it was plowed under with
rye and vetch. The land is now in good
shape, yielding a fine crop, giving the men
a good chance to see a practical illustra
tion of scientific methods in farming. They
also visited the fine orchard.
J. T. Geer’s fruit orchard in Three
Rivers was the next stop where the pro
prietor in person piloted the party about.
The trees are in fine shape and loaded
with fruit, principally because of care
ful trimming and spraying. They also
visited the neighboring farm of his broth
er, H. D. Geer, where they saw the re
sults of pruning, spraying and fertiliz
ing an orchard which was worthless two
years ago. They there visited the model
orchard of A. N. Geer, which is being
conducted in connection with the league.
Potatoes have been planted between the
trees, the crop being so big that it has
more than paid for the land, trees, the
work of improvement and the cost of
labor in the cultivation.
At Wilbraham they visited Robert
Trask's farm, where they saw'the value
of the league in its advice on cultivating
orchards and potatoes, for Mr Trask,
who is an expert on poultry, has not de
voted much attention to this other work
before. Mr Trask showed his hens,
which average 45 per cent egg produc
tion. They then went to Lee Rice’s
young peach orchard and inspected some
4000 three-year-old peach trees as well
as 4% turee-year-old apple trees. Mr
Rice las a fence around his orchards to
keep out the deer, as well as a few other
trees which are not fenced. The latter
are poor and small, testifying to the dam
age Which is wrought on orchards by the
deer.
Thomas Dyer’s farm at Sixteen Acres
was the last Stop. The party visited his
stable aud orchard, as well as seeing his
fine Jerseys. Mr Dyer was present and
spoke on what he was doing and of the
help he has received from the league.
HONORS EVEN AT STORRS.
Molting Season Bearins to Affect Lay
ing—Connecticut Contestants Exeel.
In the 44th week of the egg-laying con
test at Storrs, the honors were almost
evenly divided between the heavier breeds
and the Leghorns. A. B. Brundage's pen
of single-comb Rhode Island reds from
Danbury, Ct„ and Francis F. Lincoln’s
Leghorns from Mount Carmel, Ct., tied
for first place for the week with 47 eggs
each. Merrythought farm’s white Wyan
dottes from Columbia, Ct., won second
place with a yield of 46 eggs, while Bar
ron’s English Leghorns tied with George A.
Cosgrove's of W est Willington, Ct., with
44 eggs each. Thus, if the Englishman
could only have been shut out, Connecticut
would have easily won all the honors for
the week.
The total yield for all the pens amounted
to 2338 eggs, or 528 fewer than the previ
ous week. This is an average of 334 eggs
a day from 820 hens, or a yield of about
41 per cent, which, in spite of the loss
as compared with the second previous
week, is considered good laying, when it is
remembered that the hens are nearing the
end of the year's work and that the njplting
season is now on. During the past week
a total of 91 birds were marked up as molt
ing. In one pen of Plymouth Rocks alone
six birds had begun the business of shed
ding their old feathers and growing new
ones, and it is, of course, a difficult mat
ter to grow feathers and lay eggs at the
same time.
Cool nights and frosty mornings are con
ducive to what poultrymen call “fall
colds.” Perhaps one of the prime causes
of this trouble with the growing stock is
poor ventilation in the sleeping quarters.
This matter Of fresh air is not infrequent
ly overlooked because of the fact that as
the chicks are weaned from the brooder
and put out on range quarters, they doubt
less have lots of room and lots of air.
Meanwhile, it is forgotten that they are
arriving at maturity and that they are
more than twice as crowded as they were
formerly, even though there are the same
number of chicks in the same house. Thus
the birds crowd in at night, sweat more
or less, go out in the early morning and
become chilled, as a result of which they
begin to run at the nose and presently
there is a rattling in the throat, and if
considerable care is not used croup will
result. In discussing this matter at the
annual convention of Connecticut poultry
men, Mr Barron suggested the following
remedy for roup and said that it had
been used with much success in En
gland:—
Parrs.
Magnesia (oxide) 4.6
Magnesium sulphate 52.0
Sulphate of Iron (copperas) 8.0
Sulphur 14.0
Ground ginger 8.5
Oxide of iron (rouge) 1.0
The method of administration is to give
on tablespoon for each 10 or 12 birds daily
in the wet mash, and continue this for
a week or two, or longer if necessary.
The pens that won the ribbons for the
month of August are as follows: Tom Bar
ron of Catforth. Eng., single-comb white
Leghorns, 238; Bonnie Brook poultry farm*
Saratoga. N. Y., single-comb white Leg
horns, 232; Francis F. Lincoln of Mount
Carmel, Ct., single-comb white Leghorns,
223.
The 10 leading pens to date are as fol
lows :—
Francis F. Lincoln of Mount Carmel. Ct.,
single comb white Leghorns, 1864; Tom Bar
ron of Catforth, Eng., white Wyandottes,
1835; Tom Barron of Catforth. Eng., single
comb white Leghorns, 1775; Merrythought
farm of Columbia. Ct., white Wyandottes,
1631; Neale Bros of Apponaugh, R. 1., white
Wyandottes, 1671; A. B. Brundage of Dan
bury, Ct., single comb Rhode Island Reds.
1592; P. G. Platt of Wallingford, Pa., sin
gle comb white Leghorns, 1588; Bonnie
Brook' poultry farm or Saratoga, N, Y.. sin
gle comb white Leghorns. 1567; Cecil Guern
sey of East Cobleskill, N, Y., single comb
white Leghorns, 1556; Marwooa poultry farm
of Butler, Pa„ single comb white Leghorns,
1545. . .
MIDDLEFIELD FAIR ENDS.
Record Made at Pulling—Horae Races
Disappointing.
From Our Special Reporter.
■ Middlefield, Thursday, September 10.
To-night brought an end to the 59th
Middlefield fair of the Highland agricul
tural society. To-day's events contributed
largely to making the fair one of the best
in the memory of even the oldest members.
The slightly warmer breezes which frisked
around . the hilltop grounds, the bright,
clear skies overhead, and the prospect of
competitions in horseflesh brought an un
usually large number of visitors. Besides
new monstrosities and wonders which ar
rived for exhibition on the midway, the
management provided Hume’s Dalton band
to enliven the closing day. The attend
ance was estimated at something over
GOO. and the task of E. H. Aiderman. in
charge of the dining-room, was even great
er than yesterday. Mr Alderman and his
helpers were equal to the occasion, how
ever, and when the last of the hungry
guests had been fed there was still plenty
of the hot country dinner for the workers.
Horses were the most interesting fea
ture on the program, and the judging and
testing and racing lasted from the open
ing of the grounds thia morning until the
crowd began to leave to-night Honora iu
the horse events could not be monopolized,
and nearly every event was Won by a dif
ferent man.
The pulling competition for all comers
was easily the most exciting event of the
THE SPBIXGFIELD WEEKLY REPUBLICAN: THURSDAY, SEPTEMBER 17, 1914.
day. Repeated trials were necessary, and
finally the sled was loaded more heavily
than ever before in the history of the Mid
dlefield meetings, the. total dead weight
being 7230 pounds. Mr Pease backed bls
“great big babies” up to the sled and
the first terrific pujl shattered the hook
on a whiffietree. When rhe damage had
been repaired Pease brougnt the big Per
cherons back to tile task and, pulling
beautifully aud in unison, they managed
to budge the heavy mass of stone, three
feet. A burst of applause rewarded Pease
for his perseverance. He said afterward
that he himself had hardly expected lo
find the horses equal to the task.
CONNECTICUT FAIR CLOSES.
Crowds and Fine Weather—Automo
bile Parade Is a Feature.
From Our Special Reporter.
Habtfobd, Ct., Saturday, September 12.
Fine weather was (provided for the
closing day of the Connecticut fair at
Charter Oak park to-day, in marked con
trast to the clouds and cold of the four
days previous, and as a result the at
tendance of several thousand was quite
satisfactory to the management. Automo
biles were on hand by the hundreds, their
owners attracted by the decorated auto
mobile parade for which several really
valuable prizes were offered. Earlier in
the afternoon and after the automobile
parade there were motorcycle and bicycle
races and these provided an exciting hour
or two.
AMHERST FARMERS BUSY.
Harvesting; the Big Tobacco and On
ion Crops—Yield of Tobacco too Big
for the Barna.
From Our Special Correspondent.
Amherst, Saturday, September 12.
One driving through the northwestern
part of Amherst and the adjoining towns
of Hadley and Sunderland during the past
week would have been struck at the mar
velous activity on the tobacco and onion
farms. The season has been particularly
favorable to both of these crops. The to
bacco acreage, especially < is far larger this
year than ever before, and many new
barns Were built in the early season, but
the growers did not plan for such an enor
mous growth, and a large percentage of
them are short of room, and they are at
their wits’ ends to find places to hang all
their crop. Carpenters have been rushed
to the limit building new and larger bams,
and many of the smaller growers have
taken their farm vehicles, tools, and ma
chinery from their sheds and cellars to
make room for. their tobacco, which is
bung in every covered nook on the prem
ises. There is great danger of hanging
too closely when so short of room, yet the
curing weather has been .good, and there
is no indication of the dreaded “pole
sweat.” The crop also promises to be first
class in quality. Much was sold early in
the season at from 18 to 22 cents a pound,
and if the rest of it can be marketed at
similar prices, it will bring an enormous
quantity of money to this section.
Some, however, are afraid that general
business conditions, together with the
shortage of money, will prevent the mar
keting of the bulk of the crop as early as
usual. Indeed, buyers now say that it is
practically impossible for them to got
money to bqy what tobacco they would
like. Nevertheless, tobacco will keep, and
the majority of the growers will hang on
to their crop a long time if necessary be
fore they will sell at low prices.
Onion growers expected a few weeks
ago to receive tiptop prices for their heavy
yield. The first onions harvested brought
from $1 to $1.50 a bushel, but now the
price has dropped to about 40 gents. The
storage warehouse men say that they can
not borrow' money to buy onions for stor
ing. and. if .that is so the price is hound
to go lower. However, tnrt few onions
are now being sold. The growers think
the storage men are bluffing, and that they
can and will get plenty of money and will
take the crop and pay fair prices if neces
sary when the -time comes. Potato grow
ers report the heaviest yield for years.
The prevailing Wholesale ptice for the
tubers is now about 75 cents a bushel, and
there is good profit growing potatoes at
that price. This section, however, sad to
relate, does not produce much more than
half the potatoes used, and although Ilie
price is affected somewhat by the local
crop, the Maine and New York potatoes
are the chief regulators of the market.
IMPROVING STATE HATCHERY.
New Building at Palmer Will Be Used
tor Office* and Propagation of Fish
In Winter.
From Our Special Correspondent
Palmeb Saturday, September 12.
Not many of the inhabitants of this and
surrounding towns know of the many im
provements that have been and are being
made at the state hatchery at Palmer
Center. When the state first took over
this property of about 225 acres, it had
ordinary meadow aud a small brook run
ning through it. Now on this same brook
are many dams which have been built re :
cently, one of which is stocked With bass,
another with wall-eyed pike, another with
salmon and the others are brook trout and
perch. The stone walls have been con
verted into making slams and these have
been graded around and seeded down. The
banks of the stream are being walled up
and filled and graded and turfed over. The
brush has been all cleared away and con
crete spillways built at the outlet of each
dam. There is now being erected, a new
building of concrete and wood construc
tion. 72 by 26 feet, at a cost of SFHH). and
an icehouse to cost about SSOO. This new
building will be used for winter hatching
and as'soon as completed the beds that
are now in use will be taken up and trans
ferred to the new quarters. The icehouse
is located near a large [Kind so that it
can be filled very easily. This will be
used to keep the food for the fish, which
consists mostly of liver. The liver is
ground up very fine and makes the best
rood to grow them on. When the plant is
in full operation it will take about 1009
pounds of liver a week to feed all the fish.
In one corner of this new building will
be an office for the sulierlntendent. Otis
Monroe, who has been able by the help of
the large appropriations of the Legisla
ture to make all these improvements. In
this part of the state this past season
there has been shipped from this hatch
ery over 5,000.0000 fry and fingerlings of
all kinds. M- Monroe contemplates put
ting in four or five new ponds, and hopes
to more than double this output next Sea
son. In one tank or bed are several thou
sand fingerling brook troift that were
hutched last March and they wHI now
measure from five to six inches in length.
These the state are using for their exhib
it at the. various fairs, and after the fairs
are over they will be planted in the brook*
far the fishermen to try and catch next
season. Not only fish but the birds are
Cared for. as there are over 23.000 import
ed French shrubs being raised that grow a
red berry that the birds feed on through
the winter when food of all other kinds is
very scarce, ns it is mostly covered with
snow.
GREAT APPLE CROP IN SIGHT.
Yield in Northwest May Be LLrhter
Than Last Year, But Heavier in
Other Section*.
A review of conditions up to dste. with
an estimate of this year’s apple crop, says;
This.year's apple crop iu the United States
will exceed the record off 1912, ficcordim
to a survey > of; the ^forth Paci&s fruit
distributors, the co-operative selling agency
which handles 65 per cent of the Pacific a
Northwest’s commercial shipment. It is
apparent from reports issued by the head
offices in Spokane, Wash., that apple ship
ments from Washington. Oregon. Idaho
'and Montana will amount to about 15,fXX>
cars, a smaller total than authorities es
timated earlier in the season. However,
this figure is not final. The big selling
agency-is now making a careful survey of
the crop in all localities Each district in
the four states will furnish a definite' esti
mate to be reported at u meeting in
Spokane. Conflicting reports of Califor
। ma s apple crop have been received. The
»» atsonville district and the Pajaro valley
each promise 2000 cars. Colorado, it is
reported, will have the largest crop in its
history totaling between 3000 and 3500
ears. Utah and New Mexico will show
increases.
GERMAN BIDS FOR SYMPATHY
LETTERS OPENED BY THE CENSOR
Who Substituted a Typewritten State
ment and Forged the Signature of
the Sender.
The anxiety of the Germans to have
Americans adopt their view of the causes
and merits of the European war has been
displayed in many ways. One of the most
ingenious of these methods appears to be
the opening by the censor in Germany
of private letters addressed to persons in
this country, and the substitution for their
original contents of several sheets of type
written statement and argument, written
in German and signed with an imitation
of the presumably familiar signature.
One of these inclosures has been fur
nished to the New York Evening Post
by its recipient, who declared that the
friend whose name was signed to it cer
tainly had nothing to do with its com
position. This belief was reinforced by
the fact that an identical letter, type
written on the same colored paper, was
received by another man in the same office.
The letter is headed, “Dusseldorf. Au
gust 12. 1914,” and .is addressed to the
"dear family” of the recipient. The name
signed to it is that of an old friend in
Dusseldorf, but the family are certain
that the signature is a forgery, just as
they are Certain that a postscript in hand
writing was not the work of their friend.
Furthermore, th. man who received the
letter declares that its entire tone is
marked by a style utterly unlike the tone
of the communications he is in the habit
of receiving from his correspondent.
It Reached him in an envelope which
bore the stamp of the official censor, and
after a study of the first two of the five
closely typewritten pages, he said that he
was quite sure it had been substituted
for whatever his friend had written. This
initial impression was strengthened when
he read on to the conclusion and noted
the postscript mentioned above, which
urged him to give the communication pub
licity in the American newspapers.
“I am certain," said this man, who is
employed by a dress goods firm, and who
visits Germany from time to time, in the
course of his business, “that my friend
bad nothing to do with this letter. It
does not sound like her. It is a very able
exposition of the German attitude toward
the war, exactly like the arguments which
have been advanced by German publicists
and diplomats scores of times since hos
tilities began. The signature was not in
her handwriting, but typewritten, and the
whole thing bears the earmarks of a clever
bid for publicity. Besides this, another
man in our firm received a precisely iden
tical letter in the sanie mail, which sound
ed as fishy to him as mine did to me.”
THE GERMAN SIDE AGAIN
Set Forth By a Wtiter Who Gathered
It In Gerinany.
To the Editor of The, Republican:—
In view of the fact that the German
cable has been cut and that news of the
great European war is largely colored by
English interpretations, I have been asked
to state the case, as it appears to the Gor
mans, or to Americans w ho were in Ger
many at the outbreak of the war. Perhaps
I should state that my father was born
and bred in England, and that I am fond
of English relatives and friends, though I
rayself am a patriotic American, having
been adopted into the family of my
mother’s brother, on the death of my
mother. As far as I know, I have no Ger
man blood. I have been in Germany four
times, but I think I have always been in
clined to put a sufficient valuation on
every thing American. However, I have
always tried to be fair to the Germans,
and this time certainly no effort was
needed.
A terrible crisis brings out the worst and
the best in man—l have seen many illus
trations of that fact—and after five weeks
in Germany, from July 13 to August 19
inclusive, I have a more enthusiastic ad
miration for the German emperor and peo
ple than 1 ever had before in my life. The
“red tape,” which often annoys Ameri
cans. and the system and thoroughness
which characterize every phase of German
life, showed their value this time. Every
thing moved along with precision and ease,
and the Germans had time to be thought
ful toward the strangers and even the
enemies within their gates. To be sure,
zeal sometimes carried away individuals
and groups of Germans, who demolished
windows and signs, before the police could
stop them. Foreigners, too. who did for
bidden things, and placed themselves in a
false light,—drew or photographed fortifi
cations or implements of war,—may have
suffered; but the temper of the nation and
the press was toward self-restraint and
fairness, and even generosity. The Rus
sians in a boarding-house near us in Ber
lin fared sumptuously. Russians who sur
rendered on the border said: "Thank God.
now we shall have something to eat."
Some English in Berlin felt so ashamed of
their country that they said they would
like to hide their heads. An English mer
chant in Hamburg, who was loyal, but
this time could not follow his country's
lead, paid a splendid tribute to Germany
through the newspapers aud contributed
to the German Red Cross. It was good to
find response among Germany’s enemies,
too. The mayor of Berlin took three penni
less Americans into his home, and hundreds
of other homes in the city were opened to
Americans without money, and Hotel Bris
tol put 150 rooms with board at their dis
posal.
And what were the causes of this terrible
war? Any one who reads the czar's corre
spondence with the English king would
think the kaiser was a monster, for the
czar says, that while he was pleading with
the kaiser to prevent war and had prom
ised not to mobilize, the latter declared
war. Now that Is a half truth, which is
Averse than a lie, for the czar's troops were
already mobilizing and were trying to
dynamite bridges and opening hostilities,
before war was declared. Friends of mine
crossed one of the bridges on the Russian
border, just before and again just after
such an attempt. It is said, too, that Aus
tria ought to have submitted to arbitra
tion, but her demand which has aroused
so much criticism, has been distorted
through mistranslation. She did not ask to
sit in the courts of decision, but only to aid
in the judicial investigation, which was
gathering the evidence in Servia. If we
Americans felt that the Mexicans, with
the connivance of their government, had
killed our president and his wife, how
would we take it? Would we sit back and
say: “Arbitrate?” Perhaps we ought to,
but probably we would give Mexico a
drubbing. Austria's position, however,
was far more precarious, and the danger
to the empire more imminent. Moreover,
Servin's record is by no means clear. She
haa killed her own kings as well as others,
nnd has always shown herself unreliable.
However, every German feels that Russia
was the power behind the throne.
Germany is blamed for her intensely
military policy, and is said to have expect- ।
ed war. I am sure she did fear it though '
she did not want it. Can anyone look at ;
rhe map of Russia, or recall Russia’s past,
and fail to think of her as aggressive and
ready to encroach upon all occasions? Has ,
she had a past renowned for humanity and
progress? Can anyone, moreover, recall
the yearly celebration in Paris of the de
feat of 1870 and the wreaths put on the
Strassburg monument and hear France’s
vows of vengeance, and not fear a war?
Now was France's opportunity. Germany
was attacked by another and powerful foe;
so France crossed the border before war ,
was declared. Moreover, the name of a
French firm was found on bombs which
she dropped on Nuremberg, but which
failed to explode.
Then comes the sad chapter with Bel
gium. Germany would like to have kept
the neutrality, bnt the official statement
in Germany some time after the fall of
Liege revealed the fact that the Germans i
already knew that the French were in
Liege training the Belgians in arts of de
fense. Belgium and England made no pro
test against France’s breach of neutrality.
France sent her flyers over Belgium, too.
without arousing protest. Moreover, it is
known that Belgium promised France the
use of a tunnel, which gave the latter
Control of the railways and access into
Germany, in the event of war with Ger
many. In that event, too, England was to
land 50,000 troops in Antwerp. Did not
Delcasse lose his position because this
leaked out too soon? Credulous Germany
promised to keep her fleet away from the
north of France, too, in order not to alarm
England. If only England had understood
her own position, for surely England does
not realize what she is doing, when she ex
poses Europe to the Russian menace, even
•landing Russian troops on French soil. And
the German fleet, bottled up in the Baltic
and North sea. is powerless to prevent it.
How can England pose as humanitarian?
We hear much of German atrocities, and
I have no doubt "there have been some
atrocities on all sides. But who speaks of
Belgian atrocities? An American lady
whom I know talked with an eyewitness
of them, and a German who through his
perfect French and the aid of his Belgian
brother-in-law escaped to Berlin, was able
to tell of them. When the news came to
Berlin that the Belgian women had
stabbed out the eyes of wounded German
soldiers, that the people had hurled Ger
man children from upper stories to the
pavement, and had shot Red Cross physi
cians and nurses, the people in Berlin
groaned and asked: “How shall we be
able to restrain our soldiers if that is the
way they fight?’ No doubt the Belgian
government did not approve such warfare,
but it would give no assurance of restraint.
The German emperor sent his son. Eitel
Friedrich, to Liege with command to exer
cise humanity, and if there have been Ger
man atrocities, they have not been com
mitted with the approval of the govern
ment The Germans offered to make what
reparation they could after the fall of
Liege, but were rebuffed.
The German people feel that surely not
the English people, of kindred blood, but a
faction of the government, was to blame
for England’s folly. Lord Northcliff, who
controls the sensational papers, seems to
have been largely responsible. Think of
the misery in every country! The flower
of the land gone, scientific pursuits and
even civilization vanishing, and the people
plunged into wretchedness.
It was inspiring in Berlin to see the fine
types of men march out amid the cheers
and songs of thousands, every one ready
to give his last drop of blood, because ail
think that their very existence, not merely
their prosperity, depends on their valor.
All class distinctions, all party differences
have vanished. The socialists, who before
protested against war. are now enthusiastic
supporters of their emperor, because they
feel that he did his utmost to preserve
peace.
And England wishes to end this militar
ism and set up another, when the war is
over and the Germans are downed. She
has already been preparing for it, as I am
told by American travelers in England.
She storms defenseless German colonies
in Africa and calls in Japan to destroy a
port in China, for which Germanv was
paying yearly a high rent. Does' “pre
serving the peace of the world” mean that
only England shall have power and col
onies? Germany's family is also too bit
for her house. Why should not both coun
tries colonize, live and let live? May Amer
ica keep her hands clean and refrain from
unlawful aid to any of the belligerents!
May she bring home her citizens and use
her good offices for peace.
Kathebine Layton.
Instructor in German. Smith college.
Northampton, September 10. 1014.
NEW YORK’S OBLIGATIONS MET.
City’* Bank* Take Up Notes to Pay
Foreign Indebtedness.
Within a few hours after the board of
estimate and apportionment had adopted
at New York Friday a plan for the
city to borrow $100,090,000, with which
to pay off in gold a foreign indebtedness
of approximately $80,000,000 and other
maturing debts, J. P. Morgan & Co, and
Kuhn, Loeb & Co, syndicate managers of
the loan, turned over to the city cham
berlain a check for $100,166,617. As the
loan of September 1, the extra $166,617
represents the interest accruing since that
date.
Banks and trust companies in Greater
New York subscribed $98,788,357, includ
ing the interest, which left only about
$1,386,000 to be taken by the syndicate
managers. The fact that three banks in
the city failed to participate was said to
be because none of three could summon
a quorum of its board owing to the ab
sence of directors from town.
Mayor Mitchel told the board of es
timate that in meeting these obligations
in gold as they came due he considered
that the city was doing the nation a serv
ice, “even if the city does have to pay
high for it. Nothing could have contrib
uted more directly toward producing a
nation-wide panic," he said, “than the fail
ure of New York city to meet its obliga
tions. Had the city defaulted it would
have ruined its foreign credit forever.”
GERMAN DYESTUFFS ARRIVE.
New York Receive* First Cargo Since
Outbreak ot the War.
The first shipment of dyestuffs to reach
New York from Germany since the begin
ning of the war arrived on the 7th, it
was learned Friday, as part of the
cargo of the steamship Rotterdam. The
shipment consisted of 350 packages, and
probably well be used in relieving the re
ported shortage of dyestuffs iu the hands
of American cotton spinners. -
Gold Shipment to Canada.
Inauguration of gold exports to Canada,
iu partial payment of New York city's
indebtedness to London and Paris, and
withdrawal from the private market of
some large orders to sell listed securities
were the interesting financial develop
ments Monday. Five million dollars was
taken at New York for shipment to Ot
tawa. there to be placed to the credit of
the bank of England. As much more
probably will go across the border in a
few days.
Knatern Railway* Apply for Reopen
ing of Ca*c.
The eastern railways formally petitioned
the interstate commerce commisilon in
Washington Tuesday for a rehearing in
the eastern advance rate ease and to per
mit them to put into effect the 3 per cent
increases which the commission recently
denied.
CANADA’S TWO RACES.
[From the Kansas City Star t
Canadian volunteers in the war respond
to their two traditional loyalties— to
France and to Engiand. The shades of
Montealm and Wolf* on the bights of
Quebec may wonder.
POSTAL DEPOSITS INCREASE.
Marked increases recently in postal wr
ings bank deposits are shown in reports
to the post-office department from post
masters of the principal cities. Postmus
ter E. M. Morgan of New York, reports
that during the 33 working days prior
to September 9, the New York postal
bank received new deposits aggregating
$1,209,962. On two separate days last
week the receipts in new deposits at the
New York office exceeded s§o,ooo. “The
funds are coming m so fast," Postmaster
Morgan writes, “that some of the banks,
apparently cannot furnish securities f ast
enough to cover the deposits this office
would like to make with them. At the
present time, September 9, there is on de
posit at the subtreasury awaiting distribu
tion among the banks the sum of $130,-
615.38.”
1813 A BAD YEAR AT SUEZ.
[From the Pathfinder.]
The report of the council of adminis
tration of the Suez canal recently sub
mitted to the stockholders shows that, as
a result of a slight reduction in the tolls
rate and a small falling off in the traffic
through the canal, the receipts for 1913
wore considerably less than for the pre
ceding year. The decrease in business
appears, however, to have been only tem
porary for the figures for the first quar
ter of the present year indicate the larg
est and moat profitable volume of busi
ness for any similar period on record. A
dividend of a little more than S3O per
share has been recommended. More than
5000 vessels, representing a tonnage of
over 20,000,000 tons, went through the
waterway last year. This is a reduction
from 1912 in both ships and tonnage.
The work of deepening and widening the
canal is being vigorously carried on.
SUPER-STRATEGY.
[From the Bostou Transcript.]
First Urchin—Say. Chimmie. wot's dis
stratergy t’ing dey talk about?
Second Urchin—Well, it’s like dis: Sup
posin’ yer run out of amminition an’ yer
don’t want de enemy ter know it. den it’s
stratergy ter keep on firin’.
MONEY AND BUSINESS.
REMOVING THE OBSTRUCTIONS.
Progress is being made toward business
conditions more nearly normal, but the
country' still finds the channels of com
merce, industry and credit much obstruct
ed. After an explosion in a tunnel, trains
coming akmg must await removal of ob
stacles before proceeding through it Bus
iness is being held up in the United States
to-day while the tunnel is being made
fairly passable. It is slow work. But once
the currents of trade begin moving again,
the situation will probably undergo a
marked change.
The contraction of credit is everywhere
keenly felt. Money rates as high as 6
to 8 per cent necessarily curtail enterprise
to present commitments and going con
cerns. and even regular customers of banks
find it necessary to pursue a very conserv
ative business policy. High money rates
are as inevitable under the circumstances
as they were after the panic of 1907. Not
so much money by far can have been
hoarded as then, and it is certain that a
real money squeeze has been prevented by
the prompt issue of emergency currency
to the amount of almost $130,000,000.
But for weeks after the war clouds burst
in midsummer, the unsolved problem of
America’s debt to Europe and the possi
ble compulsory renewal of gold exports
to satisfy Europe’s claims made the situ
ation exceedingly ticklish.
The banks, meanwhile, hare been con
fronted with the uncertainties attaching
to the real value of vast quantities of se
curities held as collateral for loans at a
time when the closure of the stock ex
changes has eliminated the test of actual
trading in open market. The deadlock
created by these conditions is now a fa
miliar phenomenon of the period. De
sirable as it is to open the stock ex
changes, the banks cautiously oppose the
suggestion, fearing that an avalanche of
selh’ng orders from European holders of
American securities might depress prices
to a dangerously low level. So long as
this deadlock continues, the credit situa
tion must remain abnormal and strained,
and money rates kept at a high level
depressing to all business activity.
But the tide is moving slowly the right
way, it appears. The impasse in foreign
exchange is gradually yielding, although
exchange is still hovering around $5 to the
pound sterling, far above the normal gold
exporting point. The first important event
affecting this situation was the success
ful financing by a New York banking syn
dicate of the heavy note maturities of
New York city held abroad, for this op
eration impressed foreign sentiment most
favorably as to America's credit. Sterling
exchange responded immediately to this
country’s advantage, and the situation
was so much improved that the federal
reserve board decided to pigeonhole for a
time the plan to form a syndicate for the
furnishing of $150,000,900 in gold to meet
possible obligations abroad. The hope
grows that European holders of American
securities and notes will not be anxious to
realize on them if they are assured they
can realize whenever they choose to.
Another reason, of course, for post
poning the plan for forming a gold fund
syndicate is that the exports of grain
and mercha. Jise have lately been an in
creasing factor in reducing American obli
gations abroad and in restoring normal
conditions in foreign exchange. It seems
wise to refrain from committing this
country to heavy gold exports so long as
possible. for it is well known that we
are now dealing with people on the other
side of the ocean, who cannot be trusted
to ship gold to America in case our in
debtedness abroad should be turned into
a credit. A direct question from our
government to the bank of England con
cerning the bank's policy on this very
point has not been answered.
The present situation. however,
promises steady improvement in foreign
exchange, for the war seems going more
favorably to the allies, who control
the marine lanes, and foreign com
merce is reviving at our seaports. The
shipping embarrassment has eased up per
ceptibly. and marine insurance rates are
more favorable. Freight for export has
much increased in New York since
September 1. As foreign exchange, which
is nothing in effect but the machinery by
which those in the foreign trade are en
abled to get the money for their goods
sold and to pay their bills.—as foreign ex
change becomes more nearly normal,
money rates will become easier, espeeiallv
in view of the emergency circulation
available. And with lower rates for monev
the contraction of credit must tend to dis
appear and business in general to revive.
This tendency toward improvement will
be the more marked if the present tenta
tive and cautions effort to reopen a
market for securities gives promise of
' success. It was at least encouraging that
last week some leading New York invest
i ment bankers undertook a partial resump
tion in the buying and selling of municipal
< bonds, railroad bonds and short-term
notes. Makiug a market for sound securi
ties must come sooner or later. It is re
ported the experiment by the New York
bond houses referred to has been “partial
ly successful” up to date. “Although the
‘dealings have not been broad, there has
been sufficient trading to show that a
‘good many investors were willing to pur
k ‘chase high-grade securities at a fair price.
‘Nono of the houses tried to ‘push busi-
‘ness’ as they do in times of ordinary
‘trading, since the effort was merely to
‘test the market and see what buying
‘power there waz.'
Until the great financial problems are
fairly well solved, to the extent at leaat
of establishing what diplomats call a
modus vivendi. general industry will halt.
The past week showed that industrial
and trade activities were still being gen
erally held up. Bank clearings were 38
per cent under last year's record. While
the United States steel corporation in
August increased its unfilled orders some
what on account of foreign orders, the
steel industry at present is not gaining
ground. The railroads have contracted
their purchases to the lowest possible
limit by reason of the high rates for
money. Idle freight cars have decreased
on account of the grain movement, but
gross earnings for August were still some
4 per cent under last year. Textiles are in
the doldrums, awaiting the fresh breezes.
PRODUCE AND PROVISIONS
WHEAT VARIES, CLOSING STRONG
Reports of Van Kluek’* Surrender
Seng* Market Down, bnt News of
Russian Defeat Aeta a* Stimulus.
Wheat prices made giant swings at Chi
cago with each report Tuesday of what
seemed any important turn in the fortunes
of the war. After covering a range of
nearly five cents, the market cloaed «trong
from 2 to 2% above Monday night. Cora
finished 1% to 1% up, oats with a gain of
1% to 2’4. and provisions at an advance
of 5 to 47%.
Most of the time, the wheat market had
a decided tendency to rally from the ef
fects of the wild selling that characterized
the day previous when attention centered
on the chance of a possible sudden treaty
of peace. The chief excitement Tues
day was a violent temporary downturn
which took place about the middle of the
session as a result of unconfirmed advices
that a German army under Gen von Kluck
had surrendered outright The bearish in
fluence of this news was more than offset
later by assertions of a big Victory for
Germany over the Russians.
At the lowest point reached Tuesday,
$1.10% for May wheat was 1% cent be
neath any level touched on the downward
movement that began the sth, when May
delivery had reached $1.32, the highest
record in the present war. Liberal export
buying which developed on the break had
some effect in bringing about the ensuing
final swell. There were also reports of se
rious wet weather delay and damage to
the domestic spring crop.
Corn showed strength from the first to
last, although much hindered by setbacks
in wheat. The lowa state report was
bullish, and widespread rains were said to
have injured early corn in shock. Oats
fluctuated with wheat changes depending
almost wholly on the varying outlook re
garding the probable length of the war. It
was said that fully 1,009.000 bushels of
cash oats were sold at Chicago Tuesday,
mainly for export.
LOCAL PROVISION MARKET.
MEATS.
Bacon 22035 Liver 1-015
S'lred bacon 20035 Sausage* (pkg)
Lard 14@2u 220270320X3
Pork— Frankforts 20025
Fresh 22827: Bologna 28
Salt 1602.5,Haras sliced 25040
Roast 22027 Tripe 12014
■ 22825 •• honeycomb 14018
Lamb— Tongue 25®23
Legs 18S25'yj utIOD _
Hindquarters 20025, Forequarters 14018
Forequarters IMIS! Legs 20<g25
Chops 23040; Calf's liver 85
Beet— (Veal-
Round 25063 Steak 40050
Rump 40045 l Cutlet 35038
Porterhouse 40045 Roast 35Q88
Chuck 18022: Chops 30035
Hamburg 15025 1 - Forequarters I^BBB
Roast 25028030 Fowl 28623
Short 25@33 Chicken 2a S®2
Corned (lb) 14030 Philadelphia do 33035
Corned pressed Western broil-
30035: ers 25030
Smoked 25@40 Native broilers 25030
Dried 45 :S<mails (pain 1.20
Smoked shoulders Pigeons (pair) 50
16018 j Capons 35040
Hams 20028 (Turkeys 20025
Suet 10(Spring ducks 25030
Butter— (Vinegar (gal) 20040
Tub 300851 Sugar—
Creamery 380401 Granulated (12-14)
Bntterine lt@2B| 1.00
Cheese — Brown (15) 1.00
New 20 Cut loaf 1.00
Old 24 Powderv 100
Swiss 38 Molasses igt) P R. 65
Edam (each) Maple sirup (gal) 1.50
1 0001.25: Eggs (doxeo) (local)
Sage 30
Roquefort 4S Western 2TOSS
Pickles iqt) 20350
GRAIN AND FLOUR.
Wheat— C"rn—
No 1 white, (cwt) West (cwt) 195(32 00
2.2002.30 Northern (tn») 1.00
Bran (cwt) I.sj<L«o Hay (baled) (ton)
Middlings (cwt)
1.6501.70 Straw (cwt)
Rye (baled) (cwt) 1.10 Linseed otl meal 2,35
Mixed feed (cwt) (Cottonseed meal^
1.5501.65 1.9001.33
Gluten (cwt) 170@1.75 Flour--
Rye (lb) 3@4' St Lonls 6.17507 »
Cornmeal (cwt) Hsxalt ,5008.50
1.9502.001 Graham 6.00
Oats (bu) (new) 65067 Entire wheat (lb) 4
VEGETABLES AND FRUIT.
Romain 1$( Egg plant (each)
Chicory io 15030
Beets , bunch) 5 Carrots (lb) •
lettuce 8010 Cauliflowers 20030
Tomatoes (qt) 30»Oranees-California
Sweet potatoes (lb) 3 tdosen) 2&3&'
Cucumbers 3@3iPea<-bea (qt) 13
Green string beans Apples (qt)
(qt) 5081 Plums (qt) 15
Wax beans 508 Creen peppers (qt) 5
Pineapples 15025 Bananas 20025
do (dozen' 2.0003.00 Red bananas 3O«5O
Potatoes (pk) 25085 Figs 200125
Parslev (bunch) 50 10,Dates (lb) 12014
New cabbage 2:Mlxed nuts 15022
Celery < bunch) 15 Spinach (pk)
Banking and Financial
SPRINGFIELD
FIRE AND MARINE
INSURANCE COMPANY
CASH CAPITAL. $2,500,000.00
A. W. DAMON. President.
CHAS. E. GALACAR. Vice-Pres’t.
W. J- MACKAY, Secretary.
PRIOLEAU ELLIS. Ass’t. Sec’y.
E. H. HILDRETH. Ass’t. Sec’y.
GEO. G. BULKLEY. Ass’t. Sec'y.
F. H. MILLIAMS, Treasurer.
Springfield Agents:
Oppenhe mer & Held, 14 Fort St.
Auction Sales
AfORTGAUEE’S SALE OF REAL ES”
31 TATE Bv virtue of a power of sale,
contained in a certain mortgage given by
Georgi- W Nell to Trank B. Mason, dated
October 13. 1611. and recorded with Hamp
den County Deeds, book 825, page 224. and
held and owned by rhe subscriber by virtue
ot certain mesne assignments, and for breach
o' the conditions thereof, will be sold at
nubile autlon. on Saturday, the third day
Of October, at 10 o'clock a. m.. on the prem
ises all and singular, the premises conveyed
bv said mortgage deed, sum premises being
therein described, substantially as follows:
That certain parcel of land with the btifld
ing- thereon, lying in Springfield, bounded as
follows: Lot known and designated as Lot
15 on plan of Woodland Park Company,
recorded lu Hampden Covnty Registry »f
Deeds, book 563. page 601. said lot being
bounded westerly by Continental avenue. Mw
feet; northerly by Sumner avenue. 60 feet;
southerly by land now or formerly of George
M Vaughn. 00 feet; and easterly bv land
ms ci formerly of said Vaughn. 100 feet.
Said premises will be sold subject to a first
and secoud mortgage. and to all unpaid mu
rlcipal assessments. Other tortus mailo
known at time ami place (>f sale.
NETTIE 1.. LITTLEmLD. Assignee.
Springfield, Masa., September 9, 1914.
s
15