Weraly ol the Trnmues,
Vol. XVI. No. 50.
PUBLISHED WEEKLY.
JAMES ATKINSON,
EDITOR AND PROPRIETOR,
Orerice 130, Tuames-srreer, |
Al the head of the Courr, in the rear of
Messrs, E. K. & W. Newlon. |
TErRMS—
$2 in advance, or $2,25 at the end of the year
Job Peimting,
jt 7 The undersigned, having made
many additions of WRYS WX LE o 0
his Printing Establishment,
and a superior CARD PRESS, is pre
pared to executo every description of
PLAIN AND FANCY PRINTING:
LABELS, Cuecks,
Way-Birus, l Circurans,
Suow Binwus, Bare Tickers,
Steampoar BiLvs, l Biris or Laning,
StaGe Bivws, Business Caßps,
Pamrurers, CATALOGUES,
HaxperLes, Bite Heaps,
Branks & Liaseus, I Nores.
BILLS OF FARE for Public Houses.
SHOW BILLS, for Concerts, Lec
tures, Public Meetings, Exhibitions,§c.
A beantiful assortment of Plain and Em
bossed carps on hand.
Orders from town and country will be
promptly answered, at prices as low as those
of any other establishment.
Specimens of work may be seen at the
office. ‘U'he patronage of the public is re
spectfully solicited
JAMES ATKINSON.
gl Cotlsss,
Commissioners’ Notjce.
'l‘llE subscribers having been appointed
by the Hone Court of Probate, Com
missioners, to receive and examine the
claims against the state of ESTHER
FLEET, late of Jamaica, QQueens County,
New York, widow, deceused, represented
isolvent, hereby give notice, to 4!l persons
having demands against smd Estate, that gix
months from the 19th instant, are allowed to
bring in and prove their respective clains ;
and, that we will attend at the house of Pe
ter P. Remington, E<q. in I'hames street, on
the lust Saturdays of Apnl, May and June
next, at 3 o’clock, I’. M., for the purpose of
attending to the same.
PETER P. REMINGTON,
SILAS WARD, « 5 Comm’rs
T.MUMFORD SEABURY,
Newport, Dec. 25, 1845.—3 m.
NOTICK.
'I‘IIE subscriber hes been appointed by the
Hon. Court of Probate, Guoardian to the
person and Estate of WILLIAM FREE.
BODY. All persons having claims against
said Freebody, will present the same to the
subscriber within six months from the date
hereof.
BENJ. MUMFORD.
Newport, Jan. 20, 1816.~ 6w
Guardian’s Nolice.
'l‘lll‘} subscriber having been duly appoint
ed Guardian of the person and estate of
Joseph Freeborn, of Middletown, hereby
gives notice, that all persons are forbid to
trust said Freeborn, as no debts contracted
by him,after this date, will be paid. All
persons having demands against said Free
born are requested to present them to me for
settlement, &
~ JOSEPI B. WEAVER, Guardian.
Newport, Jan, 21, 1846—Gw.
Guardian’s Notice.
TIIE subscriber hereby gives notice that
he has been appointed by the Houn.
Court of Probate of the town of Newport,
Guardian of the estate of {JosephM Mumford,
a minor over the age of fourteen years, with
the approbation of lis father, (Richard B.
Mumford.) All persons having demands
against said Joseph, are requested to present
them within six months from this date,
PETER P. REMINGTON, Guard'n.
Newport, Jon 22, 1816 tiw,
Courl of Probate, Newport, Feb. 2d, 1816,
Vl‘lll‘) Administrator with the Will annex.
A edonthe Estate of THOMJS MUM
FORD. late of Newport, dec'd,, presented
s2d account for allowance, which said ac
count containg a credit for Real Estate of
snid Mumford, sold by the Aduimstrator; the
game 18 received, read and referred for con
sideration to a Court of Probate, to be holden
at the Town [Hall, in Newport, on the first
Monday in March next, ot O o'clock a.m,
and notice thereof ordered to be given by ad
vertisement for three succeessive weeks,
the Herald of the Times, that all persons .
torested may appear ot said tiune and place
and be heard. True copy —wilness,
5. B. B HowiLany, Proh. Clk,
Court of Probate, Newport, Frb. 2, 1546
'l‘lll‘)|'mmmu|mucra Report of elnims al
lowed agninst the estute ot JAMES T
SHERMAN and the Admimsteator’s first
acconnt on said estate were presented for
allownance, the same were read and receiv
ed and referred for consuderation te g Court
of Probate. to be holden at the Town Hall
in Newporty on the first Monday in March
next, at 9 o'clock, .m, and notice thereof
ordered to be given by advertisement for
three successive weeks in the Hevald of ¢he
Times, that all persons interested may aps
pear at said time and place and be heard,
A true copy - witness:
Fh. B. B Howeaswe, Prob CUk,
Court of Probade, Newport, Dec. 5, 1816,
'ALI. Executors, Administrators, and Guar
dians, appointed by this Court, who
have neglected to render their accounts for
one year,are notified to present the same at
a Court of Probate to be holden at (he Town
Hall in Newport, on the first Monday in Feb
ruary next, at Y o’clock, a. m, DBy order
{ B. B. Howraxp, Prob. Clerk.
- Jan. 15
- Commissioncers’ Notice.
VIYHE Couart of Probate of Kewport having
. extended the time for receiving and
examining cluims agninst the estate of the
Hon. Asher Robbins, late of Newport dec’d
for sixty days from the sth day of Jan inst,
the undersigned Commissioners will attend
at the office of Wn. Gilpin, Esq, in Newport,
on Wednesday, the 11th day of February
next,at 10 o’clock, A. M. for the purpose
aforesaid. |
v Rosert B. Cm\us'x‘os,z
f Eow'n W. Lawron, & Comm'rs
1 Wittian Giueis, )
' Newport, Jan, 21, 1846,
" Executrix’s Notice.
:'l‘lll‘] subscriber Ilavm? been appninted
' sole Exccutrix of the last will and testa
ment of Caleb Cory, late of Newport, cooper,
deceased, and having given bond to the
Court of Probate of Newport for the faithful
(discliarge of the duties of said trust, requests
all persons indebted to said estate to make
immediate payment, and these having de
mands to present them for settlement, to
; HANNAH CORY, Ex'r.
| Newport, Jaa. 21, 18406.
. Courl of Probate, Newport, Feb. 3, 1810, i
‘Vl‘lll'} Administrators’ 2d account on the
| Estate of THOMAS G. BROIN,
Senior, late of Newport, Tailor, dec’d., was|
presented for allowance, the same is read,/
reccived and referred for consideration taa
Court of Probate, to be holden at the Town|
Hall, in Newport, on the first Monday in
March next, at 9 o’clock, a. m., and notice|
thereof ordered to be given by advertisement
for three successive weeks in the Herald of
the Times, that all persons interested may,
appear ut said time and place and be heard, |
T'rue copy—-witness,
B. B. Howranp,Prob. Cl’k.
| Court of Probate, Newport, Feb. 2, 1346, |
f'_l\lli‘} Administrator’s % account on the
l estate of JAMES L. TILLEY, late
of Newport, Rope Maker, dec’d.,, was pre
gented for allowance, which said accountcon
tains a credit for Real Estate of eaid Tilley,|
sold by the Adnunistrator; the same is read,|
teccived and referred for consideration to a/
‘Court of Probate, to be holden at the Town!
Hall in Newport on the first Monday in
‘March next, at 9 o’clock, a. m, and notice
thereof ordered to be given by advertisement
for three successive weeke in the Herald of
the T'imes, that all persons interested may ap
pear at said time and place and be heard. |
True copy—witness, ‘
l I's. B. B. Howranp, Prob. Cl’k. l
;('ourl of Probate, Middietorwn, Feb. 16, 1816,
'l‘lll‘) Executor’s account on the estate of
EUNICE PEABODY, late of Middle
town, dec’d. was presented for examination
and allowance.
" It s ordered that the same be received and
the consideration thereof referred to a Court
of Probate, to be holden at the Town House,
in - Middletown, on the third Monday ol
March next, at 1 o’clock, I’. M., and that
previons notice be given by publishing n
copy of this order, for three successive weeks
in the Herald of the limes, for all persons
intetested o appear at said time and place
and be heard.
| A true copy—wilness,
' JOSIHUA COGGESHALL, Prob. Clk.
Guardian’s Nolice.
E"I‘lll". subscriber having been appointed
I B Guardian of the real and personal estate
of his daughter,Abby S. Munro, n minor with
in the age of fourteen years, and having given
‘honds as the law directs, requests all persons
having elaims against said ward, to exhibit
them within six months from the date hereol.
, J. S MUNRO, Guardian.
| Newport, Feb. 26, 1846—-06 w.
| \ FARM of about G 0 acres, situated in|
LA Portsmouth, on the road leading from!
the East to Weet road and running from the
cross road to the Weat main roud, formerly
‘the property of the late Thomas Potter, and
‘known by the name of the Sherman & Bright-|
man place. For further particulars enquire |
of W 'l'. Potter Newport, or to G. L. Pot- |
ter, near the premises, ’
Newport, 2d mo. sth, 1816.—1 mo. i
a® 3 !
Valuable Real Estate for Sale
! THIE subseriber offers for eale
that valuable estate at the corner!
m of Thames & Mary streets, the
front of which he ocecnpies as u
Dry Goods store—situated in the centre of
the town, it offers 10 the man of every line
of business rure local advantages and to the
capitalist a good opportunity of profitable -
vestment, {
Also, he offers for sale that large and valu
able lot on the south side of "T'ouro, and
facing also on School-street—giving, 1 an
improved and desizable vicimty, a choice ot
two handsome fronts as a building lot.
| He is selling iis remaining stock of Goods,
at auction prices.
' JOHUN F.TOWNSEND.
Newport, Aug. 7th,
TO LT,
J‘% The Chambers over the
: : Store, No, 107, T'hames street
'
1 l‘ Applv 1o
SR WM F.& A BARKER.
June 10 <af,
! For Saje,or o Let,
H THE House in John street
| formerly owned and oecupied by
Capt. Borden Wood, and pos
' gesston given in April next, The
honse containg 12 rooms, and s well cul
culated for two families, fnguire of
H doan, 20, 15106, JOSIAN O SHAW,
: "'.\"“ INK of a cuperior quahity, by
| the dozen m v l"li", W
| Nov . R J TAYLOR S
CCLiberty and Union, now and forever, one and inseparvable?” —WEBSTER
NEWPORT R L THURSDAY MORNING MARCH 5 1316
TO OLD COUNTRYMEN.
PBR!M)N! wishing tosend for their friends in Ireland,
Eogland, Scotland or Wales, onn do so through the
Subscribers, who are sole Passenger Agents tor the onty
Line of regular Packets between Boston & Liverroor,,
leaving Liverpool on the Sth and 20th ot ench month,
ol cumlmu'l; ot the tollowing FirsT CLass AMERICAN
Vessers, built expressly for this line, aud equul to any
ships afloat,
The “Joshua Bates,”” (new,)
¢« “Washington Irving,””
“ “Anglo Saxon,’’ "
«“« «Sunbeam,”’
“ “«Concordia,”’
“ «Columbiana,”’
“ «St. Petersburg,”’
“ «“Governor Davis.”?
| These Vessels are cammanded by experienced and
humune Masters, and partcular attention will he puid
to the accommodation and good treatinent ol Passen
gers under their charge.,
Persons wishing to send for their friends. ean do so,
by procuring a Certicate of Passnge ol Hawxpes & Co.,
Boston, specitying what Vessel they wish them to come
by, aud the du{ ob leaying, thus saving them the ex
pense of any detention i Liverpooi. |
HARNDEN & Co., wishing to conduct their business
upon principles of fuieness and equity, to prevent fenud
nnd deception, have but one price for passage, which, in
ull cases, wcludes head money nnd bread stufls, Pre.
paid Passengers alwavs have the preference over Pas
sengers paying in Liverpoal, |
Those applying by letter or otherwise, for Certifi
caies of Passage, should, in al! cases, furnish the nnmes
and ages of the persons sent jor, with their address (4
tall, to enable Messes Harnden & Co. of Liverpool, o
notity them of the proper time to leave home, and furs
nish other necessary information, ‘
To persons returning home, this Line ualso ofkers su
perior facilities and accommodation,
REMI'TTANCES
For the convenience of persons wishing to remit
money to their triends, we heep constantly for sule,
DRAFTS AT SIGIT, which nre eashed at any Buuk
in England, Ireland, or Scotlund. Duplicate Cheelis are
wlways furnished, to insure the purchasers ngainst loss,
N. B, The accommodations and reputation of this
Line nre such, that other persons advertise to hring ont
Passengers by it, and the public wre respectiully inform
ed that HARNDEN & Co. are the only withorized
Agents to sell Tickets for the Line,
For the accommodation of tkose residing in Fall Riv-!
erand Newport, we haye appointed Mr RUFUS B,
KINSLEY, Proprietor of the Boston Express. Agent lor
the Sule of our Passage Tiekets and Bills of Exchange.
For turther intormation, apply at his oflices, in- Mount
Hope Building, Fall River—or 71, Thames-street, New
port, R. L,—cr to Harspex & Co. No. 120, State-st,,
and 8, Court-st., Boston, | Feb, 19, 1846.—3 m. |
FOR SALL,
. THYE House and lot of land at
Ressli} the corner of Clark and Touro
lfifl A streets, late the property of Wil-
A linm Ellery,Esq., deceased. This
House 18 well situated, and calculated for a
boarding house. For terms, apply to Ebp
warn I Cnaszing, Esq. Cambridge, Mass,
or to the subscriber in Newport,
RICHARD K. RANDOLPIH. '
Dee. 25. !
T 0 LET,
For sae year from the 25th of March nert,
AT The estate corner of Mary
LR and Division streets, well caleula-
Al ted for o Boarding Uouse, with a
large garden in the rear, on School street.
ALSO,
g The estate corner of Thames
m W street and Bull’s Wharf, now oc-
Bede Cupicd by Mr. G. B, Reynolds, and
’ ALSO,
others.
- About one acre of Land corner of
Thames and Howard streets, lute improved by'
'(fu|)t. Wm. Rider.
: ALSO, i
About Five acres of Land on Bowery|
street, next east of the Estate of Mr. Benjamin
Fuwbanks, and late improved by him, i
ALSO,
About Eight acres of Laund, near the
Mills, late improved by Nichols Hassard, Esq.
Present tenants, will 1 all cases have
the preference, by giving immediate notice, and
complying with the conditions required.
i Should any of the above propeirty not
be previously rented, it will be let at public
"auction, in front ol Townsead’s Collee House,
on Satarday the 2tst day of March next, at 11
o'clock, A. M. For fuither particulars and
terms, apply to
i BENJ. MUMFORD,
' Guardian of Wm. Freebody,
‘ and Attorney ol Elizabeth Bowen, |
‘ Heirs of the late Esther Flect, dec’d.
| Newport, Feb. 5, 1846, —Tw.
To Let,
The House occupied by
@ the subscriber, in Broad street.
: 1 Terms and other particulars,
: made known on application. |
SAMUEL ENGS. |
Newpoit, Peb. 6,1846—4 w '
I'or Sale, or to Let,
A convenient Dwelling House,
"" for sale orto let in Spruce-street,
" on the thil, near the Belleyue
House, and possession given im
medintely. Apply to JOSHUA TEW, Jr,
Newport, Dec 18, 1815 t
Please to take Notice.
'l\lll'. subscriber, House and Land Broker,
olfers to let for the ensuing pegson, seve -
ral beautiful Houses, completely furmished, in
lgible situations—most of the Houses are new,
and well ealeulated to accommodate those com
fort loving Strangers, who intend passing the
Summer Months in ths Amencan Eden, ‘
JOSIAH C. SHAW. |
Newport, Feb, 5, 1846 -nll J)'. 1t |
shoulder Braces,
\ VERY superior article of Silk Shonlder
iR Braces—alen, some common Shonlder
Braces,at LANGLEY & NORMAN'S
Nov. &
Arrow-Root,
( otk BEEMUDA JIRRONW ROOT
/ at R.R.UAZARIS,
July 3
Washimgton Square
‘PAY THE PRINTER.
Letters of Albert Gallatin,
UN THE
OREGON QUESTION;
New York, Jan. 1310, 1816,
! Beyond the naked assertion of an absolute
right to the whole territory, so hittle in the
[ shape of argument has been sdduced, and so
"much warmth hus been exhi ated in the dis.
cussion of the subject, that it cawnot be
doubted that the guestion has now become,
on both sides, one of teeling rather than of
right. I's, in America, grows out ol the
fact that, 1 this contest with a European
nation, the contested ternitory is lin America
and notn Euvrope. Itis wdentical with the
premature official annunciution that the U
nited States could not acquiesce in the es-
Atablishment of any uew colony in North A
merica by any Buropean nntnion, “I'his senti.
ment was already general ai the tune when
it was first pubhicly declared; and now that
it has been almost universally avowed, there |
can be no impropricty in any private citizen
to say, us | now da, that ¥ share in that feel.
ing to its full extent, For the Americans,!
Oregon 18 or will be home ; for England, its
(but an outpost, which may afford means of
annovance, rather thun a source of real pow.
er. In America ull bave the sance uitimate
object in view ; we differ only with respect
to the means by which itmay be attained. |
Two circumstances have had a tendency
to nounsh and excite these feelings. The
‘British Mur Companies, from their position, |
from their monopohizing character, from their
‘natural nfluence upon the Indians, and from
‘that, much greater than might have been ex
pected, which they have constantly had upon |
the British Government i its negotiations
with the United States, have for sixty years
been a perpetual source of annoyance und,
colhisions, T'he vested interests of the [lud |
son Buy Company are ot this moment the
greatest obstacle to an amicable arrange-|
ment, Itis at the same tme dpe to justice
to eay that, s fur as is known, that company |
has acted in Oregon i conformity with the|
terms of the convention, and that its officers
have uniformly treated the Awericans, wheth- |
er visitors or emigrants, not only courteously,
but with great kKindness, |
If the Biitish colomies on the continent of
America were an independent country, or|
were they pluced in their commercial reln-,
tons, at least wirh the United States, on the
same footing as the Buonsh possessions i
Europe, these relatious would be regulated
by the reciprocal interesis and wants of the |
partics immeditely concerned. Great Bri-|
tain has an undoubted right to persist in her!
colonial policy, but the result has been ex- ||
tremely vexatious, and to the United States
ijurious, All this s true. Bt feelings do |
not confer a right, and the mdujgence of ex.
cited feelings 18 neither virtue nor wisdom, |
- The Western States hoave no greeter ap
parent immediate interest in the acquisition
‘ol Oregon than the States bordering on the ||
CAtlanue. These stand in greater need of an |
'outlet for their sugplus emigrating pqpuln-l‘:
ton, and to them exclusively wi'l for the
present the benefit accrue of ports on the||
jl’ucnfic for the protection of the numerous | |
' American ships employed inthe fisheries uml:’
‘commerce of that ocean. It is trae that in|
‘ease of war the iohabitants of the Westcrn
‘States will not, if a naval superionty ghall be |
obtained on the Upper Lakes, foc] those un |
Imediate calamities of war to which the coun- |
try along the sea-shore 18 necessarily expos
ed 5 but no section of the Umtcd States will
be more deeply uffected by the impossibility
of finding durning the war a wirket for the
nmense surpius of s agricultura products,
It must also be remembered that a direct tax
has heretofore been tound more productive
than the aggregate of all the other iuternal
taxes levied by the General Government;
thaty 1n case of war, 1L st pecessanly be
imposed j-and that, as it must, in copformity
with the Caastjtution, be leviea 1 proportion
to the respective population of the several
States, 1t will be much more oporessive on
those which have not yet accumulated a
large amount of circalating or persoual capi
tal. T'he greater degree of ezenement
which prevails in the West 19 due to other
and more powerful causeg than u regard for
selfinterest,
Bordering through the whole of their
northern frontier on the British possessions,
the Western people have always been per
sonally exposed to those annovances and col
lisions already alluded to: and 1t may be
that the hope of getting rid oi those by the
conquest of Canada has sope influence upon
their conauct, lndependent ol tns, the -
domntable energy of this nation has been and
15 nowhere displayed so foreibly as in the
new States and settlements, 1t was neces.
sarily directed towards the acquisition of
land and the culuvation. In that respeet 1t
has performed prodigies. Three ailhions of
cultivators ot the soil are now found between |
the Lakes and the Ouio, where, hittle more !
than {ifty years betore, save only three or four
ball Tudian Frencli settlements, there was
not a single white inhabiant. Nothing now
sCems llu;umslble to those men g they have
not even been sobered by fresh experience, |
Attempting to do st once, and withono an ad
equate capitaly that whieh should have been
delayed five-and-twenty years, and nnght
have then been successtully aceomplished,
80110 of those States have had the mortitica |
tion to find themselves unable to pay the in-|
terest on the debt they had contracted, and
obliged to try to compound with their credi
tors. Neverthelesy, undimshed activity
and locomotion are sull the ruling priner
ples; the Western people leap over time
and distance 5 ahead they must go; itis their
mission, May God specd them, aod muy
they thus guietly take posscssion of the en
tre contested terntory !
All this was as well known to the British
Government as to ourselves. A public and
otficia! declaration by the President of the
United Strtes was unnecessary and at least
prematare, Mre. Rash'’s correspondence ot
12224 bears witness of 118 unfortygnate eflvel
on the negotmtions of that year. ‘Fhese
fechngs hnd graduglly subsyded. But, what
aver may be the cause, the fact that an ex.
tenordinary exentement on this subject bas
mantfested itselfy and does now exist on both
sides, cannot be demed. Lime s sbsolutely
necessary o orderthat tHos should snbside,
Auy precipitate step now taken by citlier
Government wonld be atiended with the
most fatal conseguences. That which,
done some yenrs ago, might have been harm
less, would now be loghiv dangerons, s
should at least e postponed for the preseut,
The iest eipient step recommended by
the Executive il+, to give the notice that the
convention of I 8 shatl expire st the end of
one year. s measure at this e, and
connected with the avowad intention of e
(Suming exclusive sovereignty vver the whole
territory, becomes a question of peace or
Mwar,
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reserving the nights ot hoth parties, allowed
[ the trecdom of trade and aavigation through
f out the whole tercitory to remain comimon o
[ both 3 and the citizens or subjeets ol both
Powers were permitted to oceupy any part
[olhit The incomenicnces of that tempornry
i]urmngcmcut were well understood at the
[twe, The British fur companies had estab-
Chished factones onw the banks, and even soumly
of the river Colwmbin withun the hmis of
Athat portion of the country which the United
lS!uu:al had, whenever the subject was dis
cussed, clanmed as belongimg exclusively to
them ‘Phe conditions of the agrecment
were nominally reciproenl; but, thongh ey
did not give, yet they did i tier leave the
Brnish company in the exclusive possession
uf the fur trade. I'las could not be prevent
ed otherwise than by resorving to actual
force; the United States were not then
cither ready or disposed to ran the risks of a
[war for that object; and it was thought more
ehgible that the Beush traders shonld re.
‘main on the terntory of the Uniged States,
by virtue of a compnet and with thei consent,
Ahan i definnee of thar anthorty, e s bot
very lately that the Amernicans hiave begon
:!o migrate to that remote country 3 a greater
‘number will eertminly follow 5 and they huye
under the convention a pertect r ght to wecn-
py and make settlements inoany part of the
territory they way think proper, with the sole |
exception ol the spots actually oceupied by
the British company. (!
What 1s then the objeet in view, in giving
the notice at this time 2 Plus has been de- |
clared without reseave by the Presicent: |
“ At the end of the year'’s nonce, should con- |
v gress think 1t proper 1o make provision for ||
“giving that notice, we shall have reached o |
“penod when the national nghts n Oregon |
*anust either be abandoned or firmly main
cttammed, That they capnot be abandoned
o without a sacrifice of both national honor
. and mterests, 15 too elear to adant of doubt,”
And at pust be recollected that this candio
avowal hins been accompanied by the declar
Aation that * our ttle to the whole Oregon ter
-1" ritory hnd been asserted and, as was be
cheved, maintamed by arrefragable facts and
arguments,” Nothing ean be more plam nod
expheit. The exclosive night of the United
Stgtes to absolute sovereignty over the whole
ferritory must be asserted and maimtained, |
’ It may not be negessary for that 'mrpum":
to drive away the British For Company, nor|
1o prevent the emigration into Oregon ol
British eangrants commg from the British
domintons. ‘T'he company may, 1t deemed
expedient, be permitted in trade s hereto
fore with the Indimns. British emigrants may |
he treated 1o the same manner as the other
sixty or eighty thonsand who already arrive
yearly in the Umited Steteg, I'hey may at
their option be naturnhized, or semuin on
the same footing as foreigners 1o other parts
of the Uwmion. Tn this case they will enjoy
no politieal nights 5 they will not be perunt.
ted to owy American yessels, and to sail
aunder the American flag ; the pergusgn tg
own real property seems, so long as Oregon
remains a territory, to depend on the will ol
Congress. Thus far collision way be avoid
ed.
But no foreign jarisdiction can be per
mitted, from the moment when the sovereign
tv of the United States over the whele iee -
tory shall be asserted and maintamed. T'o
this, all those who reside i the terntory
must submit, After having taken the deci- |
sive step of giving the notiee, the United
States cannot,as the President justly st:olcs.|
abandon the right of sovereignty without o
sacriiee of national honor, '
It has been expressly agreed by the con
veuntion that pothing comaimed it shonld
affect the claims ol either party o the ter
ritory. The all inportant quesnion of sov.
ereignty remuined therefore in abeynnce,
Negotations for a division of the teritory
have failed @ the question of sovereignty re
mans undecided, as it was prior to the con
vention, It the United States exercise the re.
served night to put an epyd to the eanvention,
and f from the time whenat shall have ex.
pired, they pcwmpl.nly' nssume the nght of
sovereignty over the whole, it eannot he
doubted that Great Britmin will at once re
sist, She will adhere 1o the principle she
had asserted pnor to the Nootka convention,
and Lus ever since mmntamed, that actual
occupaney can aloge give rght 1o the conn
try. She will not pernut the junisdiction ol
the Umted States to be extended over her
subiects @ she will oppose the removal, or
resi or exercise of any other legal process,
agamst her justices of the peace, agminst
any other oflicers direetly or indircctly act
under her authority, aguinst any one of Ler
subjects 3 and siie will continne to exercise
her Junisdiction over all of them throughout
the whole territory. Whatever either pow.-
er asserts must be mamtamed : anihitary oc
cupation and war mugt necessgrily ensne.
A portion of the people, both an the West
and elsewhere, see clemly that such most
be the consequnence of giving the notice
Nuch men openly avow thewr opinions, pre
ferwar toalonger continuation of the pres
ent state of Yungs, are ready to mect ail the
dangers and cenlanntios of the wmpending
conflict, and toadopt at once all the mens.
ures which may ensore success, With
them, the discussion brings at once ihe
queston to s trae issne, ‘! WG necessary
for the objectthey have in view 2 O may
it not be attamed by peaceable means 7
It s aquestion of war or peace, and it s
farly lm:] before the nation,
Bat many respeciable wen appear to en
tertnin Lopes that peace may stiil be pre.
served adter the United Siates shall have
nesiomed, or attempt to assume, exclusive
sovercignty, The reverse appears 1o me so
clear, so ohvipas, so inevitable, that | really
cannot understand on what gronnds jlese
hopes are founded
I« it thought that the President will not,
alter the nssent of Congress has been ob
tined, [and whether ammedintely or at the
end of this sesston, 1€ goite mimate sl | give
the notiee which he has asked Congress o
anthonize 2 Ost supposed that a ehange
i the torm whieh, m order to nvoud tesponsy.
bility, would give hun s diseretionary power,
conld lead to o different resnlt, or he any
ling else but a transfer by Gongress to lfic
Executve of the power to declare war ?
Can it be presomed that when, alter the
expuation of the tenmn of notice, the convens
tion shall have been abrognted, the Pres
dent will not assertand maintan the sov.
ereignty elvimed by the Unnted States 7 -
I hawve not the honor of A personal acquaint.
ance with bim o §regpeet e m the First
Magistrate of the Naton : and he s viver
wally represented as of wreproachable eharae.
ter, sincere and patoone, Every Ciigen
s n gt to differ with hian e opinion @ no
one has that ol supposing that he says oue
thing and weans another, L oteel anoam
wated convietion of lis eatire sineenty !
I< 1t possib'e that wny one, wlio daos nm
Inbor uwider a nn;_vulur- tosion, can believe
that England will gheld to threats and de
fiunce that which she has refused 1o con
cede to our arguments ? Reverse the case ;!
Suppose fora moment thal Gireat Lrntaim w ur
the aggressor, and had given the onouee 3
deelaring, at vhe same tine thaty ot the ex.!
pranon of the year, <he would assnne c'x-;
¢luseve soverpionty over tee hole c«um,ury‘
wud oppose the exercrse of any whatever lu"‘
the Unned States, Is there any Ameriean
even amongst those who set the least valoe
on the Oregon terntory, and are most kin- |
corely desirons ol preserving peace who
waonld pot atonee doclare thatsnel pricusion |
onthe part of Great Botain was ontrageous
wd must be resistec? |
Itas not certmmty the imterest of Great Bri [
tain to wage war agiaimst the Uated Statos, and |
iomay be furky presamed that the British |
Government has no such wish But England|
i, s well as the United Statesg a 0 great, |m\\'-§'
erfuly sensitive and proad vation. FEyery offu. |
stan of the Boansh wihineh displavs hostiliny lul:
the Upited States, produces an analagonus sen- ||
tament, and adds new fuel 1o exeitement lll”
America - A moment's reflection will enable!]
us o gudge of the mesitable cffeert of an oflen |
sive and threatening aet, vimanating fiom onr |
Government. Ao act which throws, in llu-1
Gace of the world, the gnootler of defianes to!
Great Brotain, The quotations from the state- |
|nn-m of her ety whach will immediately ln~|
made, remove every doubt respecting the stens
she will take. Under sueh cocnmstanges, - |
gotintion s mornlly tmpossible doning the yens
ilulln\\mu the wonhew. To give that notice,|
with the avowed determination to assume ex
|a'h|i;\'u gn\_’vrrignl_x a the end of the year, is ol
decisive, most peobably anoarretnevable, step
CSAfter that period the Einted States eannot)
abandon thew night of sovercignty without a
sacrifice of vattona! honor ™ ‘
A temporary postponcment of the notice|
!wnll give time for veflection, snd permit a e |
newal of the negotintions. But it is necossary |
"lu examine whetheg any and what steps may
the taken, withoutany vielation ot the conven
|hon, that will presveve the nights and strength
en the position of the United States ‘
L The Gody positive condition ot the conven
L that the teritory mequestion shally together
(with ity harhors, bayvs aod creeks, and the
navigation ot all rivers within the same, bo
ll'um and open to vessels, citizens and subjects
of the two Powers
i For the construetion put on .lhi- article by
[Gregt Britding it s necessary 1S recur again to
lhe statement of hed cliim, as given by ho
|§c-lf, and 1o her own acts subsequent to the
’(‘ull\'o-llluln. i
| Her ¢luim and views are latd down in her
iu':nunwul of December, 1526 5 “Great Beomn
Celnimr no exclusive sovereignty over any por
[ton of thay ternitory. Her present claam, not
{in respect 1o any part, but to the whole, s him-
Pited th a right of ot oceuprngey o cpmpan
v ith other States, feaving the right of exelusive
[domimion in abeyance, = " 7 % P'he pre.
Hensions of Great Britwin tend o the mere
Ilu.‘lmlrn:uu-:- of her own nights, in resistance
o the ecxclusiee character of the pretensions of
Illw United States. ™ * These rights em
"hrace the right to navigate the waters of thosp
conntrios, the right to seldle in and orer aay
part of them, wndd the vight freely to trado with
[the anhabitants and occuprers of the same. It
'i. Pally admitted that the Unijod States possess
the same vights But beyopd these rights, they
[possess none. To the mterests and establish
lmo-;m which andustry and enterprise have
preated, Great Botain owes protection. That
t,n-ulu'liuu will be given, both as regards settle
,mo-ul and freedom of trade and novigayion,with
every attention not 1o anfripnge the co-ordinate
Iru_-hh of the United States ”
} The acts of England, subsequent to the con
vention of 1518, are to be tound in the various
chiarters of the Hudson Bay Company (obsery.
:mg that some of therr most tmpoitant proyis-
Neas, though of a mueh earlier date, stand un
crepealed) and in the act of Parliament of the
vear IR2Howhich contirs and extends a prior
Cone of the year 15030 Ihmust alsy be recal.
feeted that, by acts or grants subscguent to the
convention, the ancient Hudson By Compiny
and the Northwest Company of Montreal have
been united togethery preserving the name of
Hudson Bay Company.
| This company was and remains o body
copporate unnf pohitieg wath provisions for thy
election ol s kiovernor and other oflicers, who
divect its business 3 and amongst other powers
the Company s empowersd 1o bigald fortifien
trons tor the defence ol its possersions, as well
};u to make waror peace with all nattons o
lh'u'»h', hut (‘1.1’1.-ll:;;*, inhabiting thewr territo-
[ries, which now embrace the «ntire Oregon,
By the wet of Parlimment of 1820, the jurisdie
Con of the conrts of Upper Canada s extended
e alb eovib and ernmimal cases; to the Oregon
fterritory 5 provision s made for the appoint
ment of justices of the peace within the smd
tervitory g withoa bomted jurisdietiong and pow
ertooact as Commissioness i cortuin casey,
x"“"l o convey offenders 1o | pper Canada
| hemust adso be observed that, although the
i('ump:m.\ s forbidden to elaim any exclusive
Hreade with the badians, to the prejudice or ex
cluston ofany citizen of the United States
who may be engaged in the same trade, vei
the jurisdiction above mentioned s, by the
Jetter of the actextended o any persops w hat
|soevpr restding or heing withon the sad tern
tary ="T'he Batsh Plemipotentinries did,
howaever, exphienly deelare, i Jhe course ol
the gegotittons of 15201827 that the act had
o other objeet but the mamtenance of order
amongst Botish subjeets and had never been
dntended to apply to citizens of the United
Ntates, ‘.
T perfectly clear thaty since it has been
:l'ull) adintted thiat the United Stgtes possess
he same oghis over the tarntery as Groal
Beatwin, they are tully authonzed; under the
‘ll‘nn\rllllflll. toenjov all the rights whieh Great
oo claooms tor berselty and to exereise that
parisdiction which she has assumed as being
consistent with the convention |
The eitizens of the United States have,
heretore, at ths time a full and acknow e dged
right to navigate the waters of the ,("Ngnn{
territors, to scttle on and over apy part of at,
and dreely to trade wath the mhabitants and
oecnprers of the same And the Government
ol the United States s hikowige (ally aputhor.
zed toancorporate any COMpPUNy or asaocintion
ol men for the purpose of trading or of o
copying and setthng the conntry ;1o axtend
the Jun-dn ton of the conrts ol any ol 11« tern
tories Iving within its aeknowledged Himis, i
kb el and crmmina! ensesg o the ternitory
[nforesand | 1o up,n'-mt withon the same jostices
A the peacr and sach other oflicers as may he
Inecessary for carryaing the junsdictiion nto of
gecty and also to make war oand new wn‘u
the Fodian nhabiants ol terntory, ang el
g the merdental power to appoint agents for
that purpose.
L Quothie other hand, it seems 1o be undorstond
that so long e the convention remains in toree
perther Government shall day duties ap the
Territory on tonnage, merchandise, oy com
merca 5 nor exclusise pansdiction over ny
pottion of i oand that the citicens and subjoet
of the two powers tesiding 10 of removing to
the terrtory shall be amenable only o the jo.
Srsdietan of therr own country respertively
I bas been contended by the British Goy.
erment that the establishmont of auny nolitary
t Whole No. 830
post, or the introduction of nny regulue foren
under o nutional dag by cither poywer, would
be oun et of exelusi o sovercignty, wineh
could not be permi fegd to either whilst the
sovervignty remained i abeyance, Under ex-
INtNE clreumstanees, i 1 is believed that such
un aet would be highly dung.-tnop, und prove
npfavorable to the Pnined States '
But the establishment by the Ugpited States
of a Territorinl Government over Oregon (s
also objected 1o on the same principle. The
wint of such govarnment appenry to be the on
ly serions ICOns eniece ullnudn-g weontinn
un% of the ecomvention, and requires special
constderation. This question will be examin
ed in connexion with o general view of the
probable consequences of a prolongntion of the
present state of things,
ALBERT GALLATIN.
Gelected Tales.
From the Philadelplin Suturday Courier
e TWIN ORPIHANS,
Traiis of the Sailor's "‘_"_‘,l",\""hl'-
By 12, ¥, Wb,
CHAPTER 1,
The brigs Nereus and Mohawk were
Iywg inport on the N. W. Coast to
gether, and had heen for many days
Loth vessels belonged to one owner ;
and while the one was now, after three
year’s absence, to return home, the other
was to reman trading upon the coast,
Both vessels were alike short handed,
and an agreement had been made be
tween the masters to deaft two men from
the remnining vessel 10 man the home
ward bound., The Mohawk’s were the
last comers, and her crew were ealled
alt, and in a few words the eaptain ex
pressed s wishes, stating farther that it
should remain with them to decide which
should be the two. The day was given
to them to spend as they chose, and the
crew of the Neieus nad a similar indul
gence,
Liberty with “Jack’ is liberty ; and 1o
apswer his ideas of the same, Le must he
ashore, if it were on a sand beach even,
Now leaving the skippers to overhaul
documents, and the mates to wite let
ters, and the remaining funetjgnanes- .
the cooks and stewards—to talk of Phil
adelphia, which they are sure to visit
when in funds, we will go ashore with
the liberty men,
Wherever a whaleman tmay put in to
refit, or a chanee merehantmat may stop
to trade, it may with safety be averred a
pulqueria or grog-shop is to be found
and here, begging Juck’s pardon for
the same, you may he sure to find hyp.
So having paved the way, we will erosg
the threshhiold of Don Jozea’s grogery,
and for the time bLeing seat owselves
with the two crews, ‘Hold ona bn,’
not too fast with vour conclusions ; wg
are not about to join a riotons set of
vagabonds, but the reyprse—antelligent,
honest, generous tars, men who would
honor any calling, and who are here for
the very reason that on shore there is no
other place for them.
Homeward bound and ontward bound
are conversimy together, and i you will
usten, vou will find one theme mostly
discusscd;, home. Yes, here are those
destined to be absent dictating kind mes
suges and affeetionate regards to friends;
gud us ench dilates upan the good i‘flull
ties of mother, wile, or sweetheart, as
the case may be, you may beheve, as ho
says, that in his oviman there never was
sweetheart, wile, or mother, who would
compete with his
The question as to who should embark
i the returming vessel has heen decided
by lot 5 though to look gbout on the con
tented facey ol the group, it would be a
dithicult matter to determine who were the
fortungte ones, o buoyant is the sailor’s
chyracter. It had been a hard trial to
some, and agne boy had retived 10 give
vent to lis feelings unperceived. Voung
to s profegsion, he had been months
absent on his first cruise 5 not from home
w—tor home he had none,
‘I say, shipmates, but won’t [ have a
tme then 27 smid Bl Smith, e was
one of the fortunate ones. He did not
Jeave home in the ship, but had jomed
on the coast, and was known to have a
handsome sum when he shipped, ‘Once
i Boston, 1 take my land tacks abonrd,
and hurra for the country. Here | am,
my old gal, says 1, and do you see this,
handing over the blunt § well, the stand
g parteol that goes for making you com
forgable, nud L will lny back w the shade,’
Well, Billy long as we've smiled lo
gether, Lnever heard of your wile afore
remarks one.,
‘No more should you then, my good
fellow | but you will wllow e 1o have o
mother, snd Pm blowed ot | beheve there
cver was a better mother, with o worse