Herald of the times. [volume], March 12, 1846, Image 2

About Herald of the times. [volume] (Newport, R.I.) 1830-1846

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the convention hias now beenin @ ¢ (werty
seven yn\ Congress hus actuully doow
nothing with respect to either of Ihoag abs
gcts, Buterprising individuals hove, with
wit any ald or encouragement by Govern.
ment, opancd a wagon-road eighteen hundred
wiiles in length, through an and or mountain.
g region, and made scitiements on or near
the shores of the Pacific, without any guar
anty for the possession of the lund improved
by their labore, Even the attempt to enrgy
on an inland trade with the lndinns of Ores
gon hae been defeated by the refusal to al
low a drawback of the lugh dutics, impased
on the importation of foreign gouds ahen
mtely necessary for that commerco. "Thnge
the fur trade has remained engrogsed by the
Hudson Bay Company 3 missionaries were,
tll very late, almost the only eitizens of the
Huned States 1o be fonnd in Oregon ; the
United Siates during the whole ol that pe- |
viodd, have derived no other advantage from
the convention than the reservation of their
righte, and the express provision that these
should 1n uo way be atfected by the continu.
ance of the British factories 10 the terrtory,
Andy now that the tide of mugration hags
turnesd 1o Wheir favor, they are suddenly in.
vited to assime n hostile position § o endure
the ealamitics and to rn the chances and
CONNCNIeNCees of war, 1h order 1o gatn an ob
Joet which nataral and irresistible canses, i
prrantted 1o operaty, enonot fail ultiately to
O A, !
The. mensnres applicable to the territory
within the acknowledged limits have gener.
sty been recommended by the President,
A very wmoderate approprintion will be suf.
Kerent to unprove the most diffienit portions
ot the yoad ¢ and block<houses, or other tem.
porary works, erected in proper places and
At convenient distances, and garrisoned by
poron of the intended additionnl foree, will
protect and tacilitate the progress of the vm.
verants, However aninviting mmy be e
vast extent ol praries, destitute ul'llmlu-r.g
which intervene between the western boun
dnry of the State of Missouri and the country
bordering on the Stony Mowntaine, it seems
imaossible that there should not be found
soma more favored spots where settlements
may be formed. 1t theae were selected for |
wnlitary posta, and donations of land wernl
made to actunl settlers in their vieinity, a
series of villages, though probably not o
continuity of settlements, wonld soon arise
theough the whole length of the rmul.—:
Fhe most inportant place, that which 15 most |
wanted, either as a place of rest lor the em- |
grants or for military purposes,is one in the im. |
mediate vicinity of the Stony Mountains, Ib--i
porta speak favorably of the fertilny of the|
soil in mome of the valleys of the upper wa. |
ters, within our hints—aof Bear's river, of the
Rio Colorado, and of some of the northern |
branches of the niver Platte. T'here, nln,!
the seat of justice imght be placed of the new |
teeritory, whose couris should have superior|
Jonsdiction over Oregon, The measures
wineh the United States have a right to cnr-!
ry to offeet within the terrtory of Oregon, |
in conformity with the convention, l.u\-e}
ulrendy been pointed our,
It mny not be possible 1o ealenlnte, wnh!
any degree of ecertainty, the number of citi
zovw of the Unitad States who, auled by
these varions measares, will within any giv
en period, remove to the territory beyond !
the Stony Mountsing It 13 certam that this |
number will annually increase, and kw'p'
pace with the rapid increase of the popula-|
tion of the Western States.” [t canno |w:
donbted that ultimately and at no very dis- |
tant time, they will havé possession of all '
that is worth being ocenpied i the territory,
On what prineiple, then, will the nght of |
eovercignty be gdeeided ? |
I m;y,' however, be asked whether, if:
this be the incvitable consequence of the!
continnence of the convention, I'}nghmd!
will not herself give notice that it shall
be abrogated. [t might be sufficient 10
anewer that we must wait till that no
tice shall have been given, and the sub
o quent measures winch England means
to adopt hall have been mnde known to nn.‘
betors we assume rashly o hostile position,
The United States may govern themselves ;|
slthongh they may irritate Great Botain, |
thev eanst control the acte of her govern
ment. The British Government will do
whatever o mny think proper ; but for the
conss quences that may ensure it will be a
lone responsible. Should the abrogation ot
the convention on her part be followed by
aggressive measuresy; shonld she assume ex.
cinstve poswession over Oregon or any part
of 1, an it is now proposed that the United
Rtates shonld do, America will then be plac- |
ed in n defensive position ; the war, if any
shonld nsue, will be one unprovoked oy her, |
n war purely of defence, which will be not |
only sustained, but approved by the unam.
mons voiee of the naton, . We may however, |
be permitted to examine what motive counld’
mpel Kngland, what interest she mght luw'-.?
either o annnlling the convention or in a
dopting aggressive ineasures. e ;
W oien i s recommended that the United
States should give notice ot the abrogntion
of the corvention,it i 8 with the avowed ob.
ject of adopting measures forbidden by the
convention, and which Great Britain has um
foraly declared she would resist. But, ac.
Cording to the view of the subject umformly
twken by her, from the first tune she aseert
ed the rights ghe claims to this day, the sim
ple abrogation of her convention with the
United Biates will produce no «ffect what- |
ever on the nghts, relations and position of
the two Powers, Great Britain, from the
date at least o Cook’s thid voyage, and
prior to the Nootka convention, did deny the
exclusive claim of Bpmin, and a<sert that her
subjects had, in common with those of other
States, the right freely to trade with the na. |
tives and to settle in nuy part of the Nonh
western coast of Americs,at alrendy occupi |
ed by the subjects of Spain. ‘l'he Nootka
convention wae nothing moce than the ac
qmescence, on the part of Xpaia, 1n the '
<lnims thue asserted by Great firitain, leay.
wg the sovereignty in abeyance, And the ‘
camwention between the United States and
Great Britain is nothing more or lese thio u
trapocacy recognition of the snme prigedple, |
#0 far asthe two parties were concerned..— |
Engiand tind, prior to that convention, {ully ‘
sduntted thet the United States possessed
the same righte a 8 were cluimed by her,— |
The abragation of the convention by ho-;:
will leave thae riglits precisely in the same ’
sitnnhion as they aow stand, and as they stod
prior to the convention, It ennnot, there.
gore he pereowed what passibie benefit conld
eutie to Greowt aten from her abroga.
Muwe ol that nstrument 5 unless, discard
wg @ her former declarations, denying
all thae ahe has wsserted for more than
sixty years, retencting hier ndmission of the
cqual rigiwe of the United States to trade, to
ocenpy and 4o make settiments in any part of
the conntry, she shonld, without cause or
pretext, nesvne, &2 40 now threatened on the
art ot the nited #imtes, exclusive sove
reignty over the wiude or part of the territory.
B Sy be permitted ta betieve that the Brit
e h Government entertaims ao gnch intention.
#1 iy wlen be ohecrved that fingland has
hoeprofore cvinecd nn disposition whatever
Ao eajomze the teretory in question, She
hoaw, andped, declared most explicitly her de
derminntiaon o protect the Beitish imterests
thut had Sorn erented by Brtish enterprise
and enpital dn thar quarter. B, by gw
gog a monepoly of the fur teade to the Had
#on Bay Compusw, she haa victunlly arrested
erwnte o florte on the part of British subjeets.
Hee Government lime been in every other
tespret altogether inaetice, and appar ntly
cnrelese ahont the wltwnate tate of Oregon,--
The e notey s been open o hier enter
prise st least Wy years ;'md there are
other Batish settlements or interests with.
1 its limits than those vested i or connected
wath the Hudson Bay Company, Whether
the Britsh gavernment will hereaflter make
nny eflit towards that object cannot be
known ; but us long as this right 10 col
onize Oregon shail rewmain commaon 1o both
Powers, the Vaited States bhave nothmg to
apprehend from the competiion,
The negotihion on that subject between
the two Govenments have been carried on,
o both mdes, with perfect candor, The
views ond ntentions of both parties were
motnally commumcated without reserve, -
The conviction on the part of Amenca that
the eotntey must ultimately be occupred and
sottled by ber agricultural cClngrants waus
wsed ws un argument why, in case of a d.-
vision of the terntory, the greater shore
should he allotted to the Umited States, ‘l'he
following quotation, from the Amegiesn state
memt of the case of December, 1820, proves
that this expectation was fairly avowed at
the time ¢
1 the present state of occupaney 18 ury
ed on the part of Great Betmin, the probatilh.
ty of the manner i which the terntory west
of the Rocky Mountuins muost he settled be.
longs also essentinlly tothe subpecr, Under
whatever nominnl sovereignty that country
winy be placed, and whatever s ultunate
destinnes anay be, 1t s uearly redueed tow
certuinty that it will be almest exelusively
peopled by the surplus population of the U,
States, T'he distance from Great Brtan,
and the expense ncident to emigration,
torbid the expectation of nny being practica
ble from that guarter but on a comparstively
sall seate, Allowing the rate of n
crense to be the game i the United States
and in the North Amenican Batisii posses
sions, the diffcrence i the sctnal popula
tron of both s such that the progressive mte
which would witlun torty yewmrs add three
milhons o these, would within the same
e give a positive inerease ol more than
twenty mithons to the United States, and it
circumstances, ansing from locahitics and
habits, have given superior facilities to Bt
i=h snjects of extending their commerce
with the natives, nnd to that expansion which
liws the apprarsnce only, of occupancy, the
slower but sure progress ond extension of an
agrnienltural population will be reguluted by
distanee, by natural obstacles, and by ity own
amount,’
There was no exaggeration in that com
paratnve view ; the superiority of the pro
gressive ineresse of population in the United
Siates was, on the contrary, underrated.—
The essential difference 18, that migration
from the United States to Oregon 18 the re.
sultofparely natural ennses, wlhilst Englund,
i order 1o colonize that conntry, must re
sort to artificin]l means, Thenumber of Amer.
ican emigrant 8 may not, during the first next
ensuing years be as great as seems to be an
teipated. It will st tirst be lunited by the
amount of provisions with which the earlier
#eitlers can supply them daning the first
yenr, and ull they can roise a crop them
selves 5 and the rapidity with which a new
country may be scttled s also leseened where
mnize cannot be profitably cultivated, |
Whether more or less prompt, the result
19 nevertheless indubitable, “Fhe snowball
sooner or later becomes an avalanche ; where |
the cultivator of the soil has once made n
peemanent establishment, game and hunters
disappear 3 within a few years the fur-trade |
will have died lits naturea! desth, and no ves-
tuge «shall remain, at least :outh ol Fuea's
straie, of that*temporary occupancy, of those
vested Britsh imerests, which the British
government is now bound to protect. When
the whole territory shall have thus fallen in
the possession of an agricultural industrions
population, the question recurs, by what
principle will then the right of sovercignty
all along kept in abeyance be determined ?
| I'he answer is obvious. In confornmty
with natural law, with that right of occupan
cy for which Great Brtain has always con
tended, the occupiers of the land, the inhabi
tants of the couniry, from whatever quarter
they may have come, will be of right as well
‘aB an fact the sole legitimate sovereigns of
Oregon. Whenever sutficiently numerous,
(they will decide whether it smits them best
to be an independent nation or an integral
'part of our great Republic. ‘l'here cannmt
be the shightest apprehension that they w'l
choosge to become a dependant colony @ for
(they will be the most powerful nation border.
(ing on the American shores of the Pacific,
z'"'d will not stand i need of protection a
(gmnst either their Russian or Mexican
neighbors, Viewed as an abstract proposi
(hong Mr. Jefferson’s opinion appears correct,
that ot will be best for both the Atlantic and
'the Pacific American nations, whilst enter.
Stating the most friendly relations, to remain
independent rather than to be united under
the same government, But this conclusion
18 premature: and the decision must be left
o posterity., '
| there s a point on wineh I wish not to he
misunderstood. The prolongation, wn 1827,
jof the convention of 1818, was evidently in
tended as a temporary measure, since it was
made revocable at the will of wiher party,
The plempotentinries of the two Powers had
been unable toagree on the terms of a defi.
mite arrangement, or even defining with pre.
cision the conditions on which the conven
tion of 1818 might be continned for a deter
minate period. Tt wili be seen, by reference
dothe protocols and correspondence, that, al.
thongh it was generally adavtted that neither
purty onght, during sueh continuance, to ex
ercise any exclusive sovereigenty over the
territory, the Amerncan Picmpotentinry de.
clined to agree to any conventinn containing
an express provision to that ch!, or accom
pamed by the insertion i the protocol of a
decleration for the same purpose by the Bt
ish plemipotentiaries. “Uhe reason was not
only because an exclusive night over A<toria
and s dependencies was claimed by Ihe
United States, but principally beeause it was
anticipated that, in order to have in fact an
anthority equal to that exercised by the Hud
son Bay Company, it would become necessary
for the United States to perform acts whiclh
the British Government might contend to be
forbudden by snch expross provision or dee
laration. "I'he conseguence was, that the
convention recognises some eertam nghits,
and HMPOes no posinve restrichions, but nnly
such ag mny be supposed to be imphed in the
claose wiluch declures that nothing contamed
in it shonld be constened 1o impare, or affoer
the clawns of either party. The probability
that it might beeome necessary flor the
Unsted Brates ta establish a territonin) or some
AOrt of cgogecnwcnt over their own eilizens
was cxplicitly avowed ; the deficiencies of
the renewed canvention of 1827 and the in- |
convenience s which might ensue, were fully
nunderstaod ; and the coatinvance of that of
1818, made revocablte at will, was agreed on
with the hope that the two Powers would
embrace an early opportumty, if not to make
n definite arrangement, at least to substitute
for the convention another, defining with pre.
cision the acta wlich both parties should be
llowed or furbidden to pedform sa long as
the savereignty resnined 1 abeyance.
The inconveniences alluded to have been
farrly stated in this paper, and sowme of the
means by which lhc'y mly Ye avanded inn;:qy
been suggested. 1t 1 not, therefore, on ne.
count of the mtrineic value of the convention
that ate ahrogation s objectionable and dan
weeons, 1o heeanse nothing 1« substitoted
e plaee it s heenuse, if the two Powers
are ot ot prepared to make a definite agroe
mentoat becomes the daty of both govern-
ments ansetend of breaking the "n"..""v";"
whoeh sl prescaves peace, 1o substitme
for the O'M-fin;_v convention one .ql."pd 1o
thee present state of Oluu!'. and whiweh "'."
provent collise ues unnd the question of sover ‘
HERALD OFTHE TIMES.
':oigmy shull huve been settled, The incon
(vemences which were only anticipated, have
[ becowe tangible, from the time when Aweri
ean citizens, whom the United States are
Fbotnd to protect, began to make settlements
(i the ternitory of Oregon, “I'he sudden
teansition, from an agreement however de
lective 1o a promiscuous occupaney, without
any provisions whaltever that may prevent
eollisions, 1 highly dangerons, When this
s accompanied by an avowed determination
qon the part of the United States to assume
'llm exclusive sovercignty which Great Brit
(ot has positively declured shie would resist,
war becomes inevitable,
It has been attempted i these papers to
!)["Vl‘-
Ist. “I'hat neither of the two Powers has
an absolute and indigputable right to the
whole contested territory 3 that each may re
cede from its extreme pretensions without
Smpaining national honor or wounding nation
al pride 5 and that the way 18 therefore sull
open for a renewal ol negotiations,
2 That the avawed object of the United
|States in giving nouce of the abrogation ol
the convention, 1s the determination to assert
cand muintwin therr assumed right of absolute
and exclusive sovereignty over the whole
territory 5 that Great Botain is toully commit
ted on that point, and has constantly and ex
phicitly declared that such an attempt wonld
Cbe resisted, and the British interests in that
quarter be protected; and that war s theretore
the unavoidable consequence of soch a deci
[Slve step—a war not only necessarily calanm
tous and expensive, but in its character ag
gressive, not justitinble by the magnitude and
importance ot its object, and of which the
chunces are uncertain,
Wl That the inconveniences of the present
state of things may ina great degree be a
cvouded s that, ino war should ensue, they
will e the same, if not greater, without than
under a convention; that not a single object
can be gained by giving the notice at this
e, nnless it be to do something not per
mitted by the present convention, and there.
fore provoking resistance and productive of
(war, I a single other advantage can be gain
od by giving the notice, let it be stated,
| Ath, That it has been fully adoutted by
Great Bratwin that, whether under or without
a convention, the United States have the
same rights us herself, to trade, to navigate,
and to occupy and make settlements in and
aver every part of the territory ; and that,
thie State of things be not disturbed, natural
| cuuses must necessanly pive the whole ter
ritory to the United States.
| Under these circumstances, it is only asked
that, the subject inay be postponed for the
present ; that Governtaent should not commn
'itseif by any premature actor declaration ;
| that, anstead of increasing the irritation and
Cexcitement which exist on both sides, time
| be given for mutual reflection, and tor the
subdual or subsidence of angry and violeny
Mteelings. “T'hen, and then only, ean the de.
hberate opinion of the American people on
s momentous qnestion be truly ascertained.
1 as not perceived how the postponement for
the present and for a time can, in any shape
Joran the slightest degree injure the United
States,
C i certainly true that Fingland is very
((powerful and has often abused her power,|
|1 No cake in A more outrageous manner than
thy the impressment of seamen, whethe
‘l.‘\mrncan. English, or other forcigners, sail
jing under and protected by the Amerwan
[fag. 1 am not 'nwam‘ that there has ever
been any powerful nation, even in wodern |
,lunen, and professing Christiamty which has
Inot occasionally abused its power, The
(United States, who always appealed to jus
[tice during their early youth, seem, as their'
'strength and power increase, to give symp-
S toms of a sunclar disposition. lostead of use
less and dangerons recriiminations, might not
the two nations, by their united effoets, pro.
(mote a great object, and worthy of their ele
lvated situation ? |
' With the single exception of the termtory
lof Oregon which extends from 42 to 54 2 40
[north latitude, all the American shores of
the Pacific Ocean, trom Cape Horn to Beh
ring's Straite, are occupicd on the north by
(the factories of the Russian Fur Company,
southwardly by semi civilized States, a mix
ture of Europeans of Spanish descent and of
native Indians, who notwithstanding the ef
forts of enlightened, intelhigent, and hberal
‘men, have heretofore failed in the attempt to
‘establish Governments founded on law that
might ensure llb"fly. preseeve order, and pro.
tect persons and property, It 1= Oregon
‘alone that we inay hope to see a portion of
the western shores of America occupicd and
imhabited by an active nnd enlichtened na.
on, which inay exercise o moral influcnee
overher less tavored neighbors, and extend
!lu them the benefits of a more advanced civ
dlzation, 1t is on that aceonnt that the wieh
has been expressed that the Ocegon te rrito
[ty may not be divided.—"l'he Umited States
and England are the only Powers who Iy
any clawn to that country, the only nations’
which may & must inhabit it. It 1s not, fortn:
nately, in the power of either gove rnment to,
prevent this taking place ; but it depends up
on them whether they shall unite in promo:-
ing the object or whether they hall bring on
both conutries the calamities ol an useless
war, which may retard but not prevent the
ultunate resolt, It inatters but hittle whether
the inhabiraats shall come from Enginnd
or from the United States. It would scem
that more unportance might be antached 1o
the fact, that wihin a pernod of fitteen!
years near one milthon of sanls ure now ad
ded to the population of the United Srates by
migrattons from the dominons of Greut
Britwn 5 yer, since peruntted by both Pow
crs, they mny be presamed 1o be beneficial
to both. “I'he emigrants to Oregon, whether
Americans or Enghsh, will be united togeth
er by the community of language and liera
ture, of the principles of law, and of all the
fondumental elements of a similar civilization,
The establishment of a kindred and friend.
ly Power of the Northwest const of Awmerncea,
t# all that England can expect, all perhaps’
that the United States ought 1o desire, |
fecme almost neredible that winlst that ob.
Jeet may be attained by sunply not unped.
g dhe effect of natural cuuses, two kindred
twations Lwving such powerful motives to re
mnin at peace, and standing at the head of
Enropean & Amencan civilization shonld,
this enhightened age, give to the world the
scandulons gpectacie, peclinps not unwel
come to some of the beholders, of an unnatu
rul andunnecessary warg that they shonld np
ply all their facultics and exhanst their re.
ronrces in nflicting, cach on the other, ey
ery mjury in their power, and for what pur
pose 7 “T'he certmin consequence, inde
pendent of all the dircetr ealamities and mis
eries of war, will be a mutual increase of
debt and taxation, and the ultimate fute of
Oregon will be the same as if the war had
not taken place. ALBERT GALLATIN,
RN B SE———
Another Styptic.—-A contempornry
publishes the following styptie, which
- would seem to produce cesults similar to
the Brochicri water. ‘Take of brandy
OF common spirits two ounces : castile
soap, two drachms, pot ash one drachm
~-serape the soap fine, and dissolve it in
the brandy, then add the pot-ash; mix
it well together, and keep it in a close
phial. Wihea you apply it Jet it be
warmed, and dip pledgets of lint, and
the blood will uomediately congeal; it
operates by coagulating the Wood a coa
sidevable way wathin the vessel
A fow applications may be necesoanry
for deep wounds, and wheie lanbe are
leut oll’
I The Storm at the South,
The storm of Sunday, March Ist,
was unusually severe at Norfolk. The
Beacon of Tuesday says :
Commencing with a slight rain on
Sunday morning, nobody seemed 1o an
ticipate the coming storm, nor indeed, in
' the evening, when the wind blew more
freshly from NNE., and the rain fell
more copinus showers, was the fear in
dulged to any extent that we were on
the eve of any, much less se fearful a
storm. But as the night wore on, the
|'storm increased, impelling our citizens,
«who were aroused from their slumbers
by its tremendous and fearful violence
on Monday morning, to repair early to
the scenes of their business. But on
their way thither, another and a more
nsurmountable difficulty presented it
sell—the tide had misen to a fearful
height, (unquestionably higher than at
any previous period within recollection)
ellectonlly cutting ofl' all communication
- between them and their stores, many of
~which were overflowed some two or
three feet and the tide sull rising in
height, |
- The same paper of Wednesday gives
the following account of the damage.
. Our worst fears have been fully real
ized as to the extent of the disasters con
sequent upon the late gale, and the a
mount of property destroyed in our city
cannot be salely estimated in the aggre
‘gate at less than $30,000,
' The U. S. ship Pennsylvania, lying
opposite the navy yard, snapped her
chain cables about daylight Monday
‘morning, thus parting her moorings, and
‘got ashore in frout of the navy yard.—
‘She was gotten ofl’ yesterday, The
frigate Potomac also went ashore and
‘had not been gotten off when we last
‘heard from her yesterday.
! From the Washington Union of Wednesday.
i Three Comels in the same field of view.
—OQur readers have been much interest
ed by therecent reports of Lieut. Maury,
of the nbservatory of this city, of the ex
traordinary phenomena of two comets,
apparentlynear each other in the heavens.
We subjoin a letter from the same ac.
curate observer, addreassed this day to
the Secretary of the Navy, giving an
account of the appearance of another
comet. We leain, on subsequent in
quiry from Licut. Maury, that *all
three comets are visible in the West,
and not {ar from each other.” |
- The ship South America, Capt. Sowle,
nrrived yesterday from the Northwest
coast, alter one of the most successful
whaling voyages on record. The South
‘America brings home 4100 barrels of
01, 160 of it sperm. She had previous
ly sent home 700 barrels, 100 of it sperm,
and sold 100 Q barrels at Bahia. She
also sent home 37,000 pounds of bone,
and brings 22,000, Providence Journal
of the Gth, ]
There are at present five spots on the
disc of the Sun ; the largest, as compar
od with Mercury at its transit, cannot be
less than 10 or 12 thousand miles in
diameter,
We learn [rom the Transcript that
John A. Lowell has wade a liberal do
‘nation of one thousand dollars to the
' Massachusetts Horticultural Society, to
be awarded in premiums, at the discre
,licm ol the society.— Bost. Journal.
- The Oldest Vessel.—A correspondent
‘of the Providence Journal, says that the
ship ** General Jackson” of Buistol, is
probably the oldest merchant vessel
‘afloat. The ship ** Gen. Jackson,” be-
Honging to Bristol, and now lying in port,
18 supposed to be cighty years old, or
thereabouts. Shie was a prize to one of
our privateers during the last war with
England ; was built at Calcutta, of feak
‘wood, and is yet a sound, staunch vessel,
having recently returned from a whaling
cruise in the Pacific.
- Noble Project.—At a meeting of the'
;ngmzullurul society on Wednesday last,
it was announced that Garvdner C. How
land, Esq., makes the liberal offer of
the use of his farm of 300 acres at |
!l"lushing, for five years, as an agricul
tural farm for the purposc of the society |
A vote of thanks was passed, and the
following committee appointed to carry
the noble project into effect : —Luther
Bradish, G. C. Howland, Chancellor
MceCoun, Shepherd Kunapp, A. P. Hal
sey, Ambrose Spencer, lugh Maxwell,
Alex. H. Stephens, J. K. Sheafe, S. T.
Jones, Jas. B. Parsons, and R. Pell. ||
~ Mu. Goven s Vincinia.—From a commu
wicated article i the Richmond Compiler, wo
learn that Mr. Gough's discoursing on the
rnons exil o imtempurance bhas been attend
ed, in Pluvanna County, by a signal evidence
of power. Mr. Ballard, the hevper of the
Palmy ra Hotol, resolved, atter hearing Me, G,
o sell intoxicating liqnors no more, amd ot
onee clused s Yur, tothe unspeakable winaze
menty the article says, of the habitual topers
who stood by.
The ickman (Ky.) Standard snys, " A
lady residing within ity mles of this place,
has recently given birth to fone sons within
an hour, Phey have been named Polk,
Dallas, Texas, und Oregon, and ull are in o
thriving condition.”
New lnvention of Self Difence.~Capr, G.
W. Taylor, of dwing bell memory, and the
nventor of submarine apparatus, has recently
submitted o new engine of defence to the
cxamination of a Committee in Congress,
which it is thought will be the most powerful
and destenctive implement of defence for in.
lets and Giarbors, ever invemted. 11 i« aaid to
he based on a combmation of cleetriciny, and
other pritfeiples, and it is ealeulated to create
anentire revolution in the art of defending
seaports from the attacks of an enemy.
The fast-emiling ship Hongua, Capt, 4lmer,
arrived ot New York on Fruday sficenoon
from Camon, i a paseage of nuety four
daye, bringing dates 10 December 20, e
NEWs is hol unportant,
- The citizens of Newport and its vi
!cinily friendly to the election of the
El{nom: Istaxp Tieker for General Of
ficers, at the annual town meeting on
‘Wednesday, the first day of April ensuing,
are requested to meot at the Town Hare,
on T'ukspay EveniNGg Nex, at 7 o'clock,
to consider and adopt the measures neces
sary to an ecfficient support of that ticket.
A full and punctual attendance is re
quested, ‘
Newport, March 12th, 1846,
~ The Supreme Court of this State are
now in session at Bristol. At this term
of the Court Levi Pearce and Richmond
Handy, charged with the murder of Pal.
mer Sherman, at Warren in November
last, will be tricd.
I'he State Election in New Hampshire
took place yesterday.
publish to-day the 4th and last of the so
ries of able letters from the pen of the
Jearned and venerable Avnerr GAareaTlN,
on the Oregon question. “I'he space oc
‘cupied by these lotters has necessarily ex
‘cluded much other matter, but the sub
ject is one of great interest at the present
!timo, and a more thorough understanding
of it cannot he arrived at, than by a pe
‘rusal of the letters referred to.
7 Jon Pranting,—We have now a
:largc assortment of Jon T'yre, COmpris
‘ing many new and beautiful founts of all
sizes, suitable for handbills, shop bills,
Cards, &c. &c. The orders of our friends
will be gratefilly received and punctual
ly attended to. |
The “Friendly Letters” promised in
our last, are unavoidably deferred.
77 Our News Roowm, at the late
‘Rhode-Islander” Oflice is now open,
Subscriptions are adding daily, and a few
more would be aceeptable, "T'hose desir
ous of continuing the Room, are respect
fully requested to subseribe without de
lay.
~ “T'he Runope-Istaxpenr.”’—Since our
:l:ust, we have received many am:(-s.«‘iou.«;'|
to our list from that of the late “l{.hmlc-f
Islander.” A much stronger disposition,
has thus far been manifested to transfer
the subscriptions of the “Rhode-Islander’”
to this paper than to revive that jourlml.:
The prospect, therefore, of resuscitating
the “Rhode-Islander” is not very encour
aging .
N. Y. Mirvor.
~ Lecreres ox Porexorocy axp Mis
smEris.—Mr. George C. Tew, now a
resident of the State of NHlinois, bat for
merly from this place, is now visiting his
native town, and delighting large au
dienees at the Town Hall with his ad.
mirable delineations of character in his
practical phrenological experiments. Mr,
Tew will give the sth and Gth Lectures
of the Course on Friday and Saturday
Price only 12 1-2c15,
lt\'l?lllllgfi.
07" The steamer Neptune has com.
menced her regular teips, as will be seen
by advertisement,
Me. Kinslev's new steamer between
here and Fall River, will commence run
ning we understand shortly.
The New York and other papers dur
ing the last week, record more disasters
and suffering caused by the late severe
gales, than we have ever noticed,
The Washington correspondent of the!
N. Y, Commercial, underv dute of 7!!»,}
says—"'* The expectation is that the
Beivtsis Government will offer a proposi-|
tion haviag the 490 h for its basis. 11 50, |
the question will be settled.” j
“A member trom Lowsiana has a
letter which says that Me. Shdell has
‘lc It Mexico on his return home,
Hecald of the Timesn.
NDBWIP oW,
THURSDAY MORNING, Mareh 12, 1846.
RHODE-ISLAND PROX.
FOR GOVERNOR,
BYRON DIMAN,
Of Bristol.
FOR LI EUTENANT-GOVERNOR,
ELISHA HARRIS,
Of Coventry.
FOR SECRETARY OF STATE,
HENRY BOWEN,
Of Providence,
FOR ATTORNEY-GENERAL,
JOSEPH M. BLAKE,
Of Bristol,
FOR GENERAL TREASURER,
STEPHEN CAHOONE,
Of Newport,
Law and Order Mcecting.
Lerrers or Aunenrr Garrarin.-—We
The Christian Parlor Magazine, and
the Mother's Magazine fur March, are
ready for delivery at Charles K. Ham
mett’s, Jr. 132, Thames-street, Also,
Merry’s Museum, and the Ladies’ Nas
tional Magazine,
It is rumored that a conflict has taken
place near Matamoras, between a forag
ing party of the U. S. troops, and a body
of Mexican revenue officers. :
From Bragin.—The bark Kathlcen, Capt.
Bliffen, arrived at N. York from Rio on Sun
day, The popers, as late as 17th January.
contain no news of importance,
' The 1. 8. frigate Congress, Com. Stock~
ton, sailed from Rio 14th Jan. for Valparaiso.
r The frigate Columbia, Capt, Ritchie, bear~
ing the broad peanant of Com. Rosseau ; the
fugate Ranitan, Capt. Gregory,and Plymouth,
commander Henry, were at Rio on the 17t
Jan, A portion of the crew of the Columbin
were at the hospital npon ane of the islande.
sffected with small pox, but were doing well |
The Raritan was expected to ssil for llu“
Gulfof Mexico on the 20th, nod the Ply
mouth on the 10h for the River La Plate,
Navaiw.—U. 8. sloop of war James Town,
bearing the broad pennant of Com. Skinner,
sailed from Port Praya, Cape de Verds, Jan
IGth, for Bravo,
U. 8. sloop of war Mariop, commander
Simonds, arr, at Monrovia, Dee. 6Gth, from
Boston, viu Madeira, and Port Praya, Cape
de Verds, all well,
More than one hundred deaths have taken
place from scarlot fever in Chilicothe, Ohie,
during the last #ix wonthes,
The Ohio river had three and a half feet of
water in the channel, at Wheeling, on
T'huredny, |
Fast Day.—Governor Briges has appointed
Thursday, the 2 day of April nert, to be ob
served as a day of public Fasting and Prayer,
throughout the Commonwealth of Massachu
sclis,
’ Presinest or yne Amexicay Binne Socie-
Tv.—At a meeting of the Board of Managers
of the American Bible Society, held last eve
ning, the Hon. John McLean of Ohio, one of
the Justices of the Supreme Court of the Uni
ted States, was unanimously chosen president
of the American Bible Society, to il the va
cancy oceasioned by the death of Governor
Smith. A better selection could not have
Leen made for that ofice, N, V. Com. :
From Axansas Bay. <The echooner Arispe,
which left Aransas on the 17th ultimo, arrived
at New Orleans on the 224, reports that the
sloop.of-war St. Mary’s arrived there on
the 15th, and sailed for Vera Cruz on the
17th. "T'he troops at Corpus Christi expected
orders to march for the Rio Grande on the
15t inst,
The late elections in New York, show that
the Whigs present a formidable front. “T'hey
have vlected their candidates fur Mayor in
most of the principal citjes.
The Rhode Island and Magsachuselts Bown
dary Line.—lt was lately stared i the N. Y.
Courier that the decision of the U, 8. Su
preme Court in this case had been given in
favor of Rhode Island. “Tlis 15 0 mistake,—
The boundary lime claimed by Whode [sland
embraces the whole or parts of the towns of
Oxford, Douglas, Weentham, Bellingham,
Blackstone, Mendon and Franklin, On the
Ith mst, the opimion of the Court wus deliv
ered by Justice MeLean, in favor of Massa
chusetts, and the bill o! complaint has been
dismissed.
Arrival of the Toronto.
Four Duys Latey from England.
The splendid packat ship Toronta, Captain
Tinker, arvived at New York on Thursday
Fast from London and Portsmanth, after having
made i very quick pamsage. She hrings Live
arpool dates to the Oth, and Londony to the 7th
ultimo.
The News isof a very favorable character.
Cotton was firm.
The London Chronicle of the 4th ult con.
tains a long article relative to the intelligenes
from Awenca, carcied out by the packet sl
Yorkshire.
The fuilure of the potate crop continned 1o
bo the subject of general interest and remark,
There is nothing new from Ireland. ‘T'he
country continues to be a scene of excitement
and agitation,
T'he Overland Mail reached London on the
Sthe T'he Bombay papers contain the impor.
tant nows that the Sikl army had erossed the
Sutle, und that they having thys deelared war
ngoninet the Beitishy the Governor General had
prued o proclamation on the 13th of Decom
her,
Io this proctamation he snvs: o must take
measures for cfecraally protecting the Britisl
provinees for vindicating the mthory o the
Brtish Govermment, angd for punishing the vio.
lators of teeative, nnd the disturbers of public
peace.
A Dattle dmmediately loak place on the 21
Pecembier 'he slanghiter was very great -
The Sikhs Tost 65 guns. .
Inquest ovor the body of the late John
" l’lmsunlu.—-An inquest was held
yesterday upon the body of John H,
Plensants, deceased, before Coroner
Robert T'. Wickar, the examination be
fore the Jury ocenpy jng pearly the whole
day. Thewr verdiet was, that ‘T'homas
Rutehie, Jr. was guidty of the murder of
Pleasams in o motanl combat had be
tween them on the 2500 ult, and tha
Peter Joflerson Areher, \\'uuluu;lom[
Greenhow and Wilham Scott were pre
sent, mding and abetting i gaid combat,
and in sad murder, The Coraner has!
wsued a wartant to arrest snid parties
found guilty by the inquisitiog, !
Richmoud Tiw. s
Shocks of an carthynake were recem
Iy el at Aontigua, Domica and Mm
Joux Turoor Cuirp is placed in the
Dorrte Prox as a candidate lor General
Treasurer., Captain Child was the
commander of the men left in Warren,
!during the troubles of 1842, He has
!ulwnyu been considered up to last
Saturday, when, to the surprise of all
'his friends, his name appeared in that
’prux. as a strong und consistent Law
and Orvder man, He gave, we believe,
he order for entering the house of
Martin Luther, who has brought ac
tions aguinst the men that executed it.
He gave his evidence in one of the mar
tial law cases, when it was tried before
the Circuit Court in this city. It would
be unfair to make any remarks uvpon
this singular nomination until Caprain
Child has bad an opportunity to repu
diate it, provided he Knu been nomina
ted without his consent. But if' it shall
appear, however, that he has agreed to
this use of his name, if John Throop
Child has placed himself on the same
political platform with Benjamin M.
Bosworth and David Parmenter, if' he
has linked himself with a party which
avows ils determination to abandon the
defence of the men who have been pros
ccuted for acts performed by his orders,
then we can only say thut we have
been greatly disappointed in one man.
We are unwilling to believe that fifty
such oflices as that of General Treasu
rer would move Captain Child one inch.
But if we are mistaken, we have only ta
express our confidence that those wha
have formerly admired the steadfust
ness of his character will not imitate
him in abandoning the party which up
holds the interests and the honor of
Rhode Island.— Prov. Journal.
Congressional.
In Senare, on Monday, March 2d, petitiong
and memorinls were presented,
Committees reported private bills.
Bills from the House were rend twice and
referred 1o the appropriate committyns,
The Oregon resolutions were tuken up.
Mr. Breese commenced a spoech o fuvgr of
claiming all Oregon up 1o 54 dvg. 40m.
Hoveg. —=l'he New Jersey contested elec.
tion was taken up, the reporis trow the major.
ity and minority of the Committee on Elections
were then read.
Mr. Hamlin moved to strile out the resolu
tion accompanying the majority report, ig fa
vor of Mr. Runk (the incymbent) and insert
v favorable to the election of Mr. Fagleo
(the contestant )
- Mr. llu.rpur ul Qliio, made a speech in favor
;)‘! Ihlt‘x majorily report, giving the seat to M.
HnkK.
Mr. Hamlin then took the foor, and made
specch in favar of the cluim 1o the sent pre
terred by Mr, Farlee.
In Spsave, Tuesday, Margh 3d, Mr. Clay -
ton offered a resolution calling on the Presi
dent for all correspopdence on our fore g 0 re
lations since the 4th of I"ochrmuy.
Tho Qregon sesolutions were taken up, and
Me. Dayton ook the floor and deliveryd a
speezh on * the notice,”’
“Hovsg. —"l'he Speaker Liid before the Housp
the report of the clerk, fhat the exponses ut
fmnis,ling the reporters with bills, reparty,
e befare the House, would be 304 tor the
remainder of the sessiop. o
The New Jersey t:'nlllc'hlo'(l ol&lmn caen
wits taken up. Mr. Jenkins of New York ad.
diessed the House.
In Sesave, Wednosday, March 4th, a cam
munication from the Navy Department was
received in answer to a resolution calling fuy
optnions as 1o the best mode of deli:ndm‘ the
lakes.
A resolution wis reported for printing 25,000
aduitiongl copies of l’m report ot the comppis
stoner of J.MH'"' wnd it was strenuously up
posud hy Mr. Niles, angl Tyjd over.
The Oregon question wis taken up, and Mr.
Hay wouod, of' North Caraling, made a mosy e
teresting speceh op the state c;f the question
Me. Hhay wood did not concludo his remike.
Ho was severe upon Mr. Allen and |y
speech was muzh attendeg .
Hovse.—~l'he New Jersny contested olpc
tion case was decided.
Mre. Rank, (Wiag,) the sitting wmembgr, 18
(lt'.(;!i_lfl'd entitled 1o hys sept,
The vote wys yons UG, nays U 6,
T'here being o tie, the Speaker vorpd an the
affiemative, and the resolption of the mnjuuly
of the committee was passed,
C e House was guwilty of the grors ahsnrdiny
ofexpelling a reporter—Mre. Rolinson, of the
Tribune—from the hally for n ladigroys gde
seription which he gave, in the Pobype, of
the manner 1o which Mr. Sawyer, u member,
chooses to eat his dinper.
The votg was 11 10 40,
In the Spsare, Thyredpy, March oth, a
message was rece)veld frog the Presidpnt sta
tng that he had approved the joint resalytion
for exchanging hooks with the mimister of jus
tice in Frante.
fill’ S'Dlfli‘."l' i"'fhl'“‘:"'l i l”” [u ""‘bl"l. nn
l\nlmry on the Do riyer.
I'he bill granting lang to Mickigan, tor cor
tain internal ymprovemengs, wis dobajed.
The Senate adjouryed 1 Monday.
Inthe Hovse, the Riyer and Harbor il
wins the prominent apbject of igterest .
Mr. Reed, of N. C. by request, moved o re
conrider the yote giving .\‘r. Runk s seat,
but -nhnulmmlly withdrew hys mption,
Several bills were reported, regl twice, and
referred 1o committee of thy whole. Alter
which the House adjourned.
In the Housk, Friday, March 6ith, *he
private calender of business was attended o
almost exclusively, After which an adjourn.
ment took place until Monday.
FROM SOUTH AFRICA.
~ The South Afvican Commercial Ad
vertiser, ol December 13, gives an ac
count of the murder ol the Rev. Mr.
Scholtz, o) the Berlin Society mission
by three or fomr Kaftlirs, The account
s given in o letter from Rev, W, ).
Davis, Wesleyan missionary. My,
Scholtz and two other German mission
aries were on their way to jown the
brethren o Kaflitland, They had
encamped on Fish Riverheights, about
seven miles from Fort Peddie.
Tue Tawirr.-<=The Philadelphin A
mencan Sentinel, a Loco Foco journal,
m speaking of Sir RoberCs tanft’ il
any s te="The Tanl Wil of Mr. Walker,
which will be found 10 another column,
is caleulated to inflict a serious blow up
on the manufpcturing interest of thw
State. It becomes the friends of the
Tanfl, throughout this commonwenlth,
therelore, to speak out in unmistaken
languange on this subject, 1 Mr. Walk.
em'n bill shall pass, and our workshops be
Lelosed, we shall withess a seene of din
;lu-,-m in ths copntry, that has scarcely
ad aparalle )l moany former hstory ol onr
couniry. The Botsh are now awnke to
Hheyr teresiy, henee we find that the
CPathament of Geeat Brvtam have aider
ced the avooal report of Mre. Walker to
e poted. When os Panfl il shall
dench that country, we shall see hgw
[indly it will be veceived by the Bl
manatry . The Botish are i Inver ot
b ncts that break down the mgpulue
(runng anterests of this coyotry ™