Republican herald. [volume], April 22, 1843, Image 2

About Republican herald. [volume] (Providence [R.I.]) 1832-1852

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Providence.
= = = T
FOURTH OF JULY ORATION,
BY JOHN WHIPPLE.
( Concluded.)
Before leaving this portion of our remarks,
we must introduce an illustration of the ora
tor's dread of free suffrage, which is worth
more than a thousand assertions of it. Can
it be true after all, that Mr. Whipple is so
afradd of this sightless monster ! the same
gentleman who voted at the June session of
the General Assembly just passed, for an act
to extend suffrage in all the towns to persons
mevely resident there, without a dollar of pro-
Eerty. and not even paying a tax! Incredi
le; and yet soitis. Mr. Whipple in this
very act went far beyond the pernicions “ver
min,” whom he so liberally characterised in
his performance. No * Constitutionalist”
ever contended that the elaimant of a right
to vote at a town election of representatives
should be admitted, without producing satis
factory evidence of having paid a tax: and
yet lq'r. Whipple, the horror stricken alarm
-Ist, in whose c‘islurlcd fancy, visions of wrath
and ruin, poured out without stint upon our
devoted country by the demon of universal
suflfrage. have been commissioned to play
their fitful career * in all the mazes of meta
phorical confusion—the self same man, not
in his individual, forsooth, but in his repre
sentative capacity, is found at Newport, on a
recent occasion, and without qualm, or hesi
tation, to give his consent to a measure of
s universal suffrage,” and that not on the
broad ground of public welfare, requiring that
an extension of g‘uu‘mga should tole ploce,
Lue o promote the purposes of the federal
party in securing the Angust election of Re
presentatives to the General Assembly !
* Consistency thou art a jewel.”
But there is one other point of view in
which the conduct of the gentleman in this
matter of sutfrage appears to the last degree
discreditable. He assails a body of men in
this State, few in numbers, who failed in their
zealous attempts to improve, as they suppos
ed, the political institutions of Rhode Island,
who gained obloquy, who promoted no inter
est of their own, and who have remaining to
them (we speak of course of the honest and
consistent portion of the Counstitutional party)
nothing but the satisfaction of having honor
ably discharged what they believed to be their
duty. These men he assails upon the strength
of what he deems an overwhelming prejudice,
which listens with ears erect, to any terms of
reproach, and which makes vituperation safe
to himself, and gratifying to his andience,—
The manliness of this conduct is almost on a
par with its consistency.
We conclude this portion of our subject
with the advice to those who are fond of
“Greece and Romwe and_the Ancients” to
give more heed to the assertions which they
make on public occasions, relating to the in
stitutions of former ages; and with inviting
the orator to produce some historical evi
dence for his statement coucerning suflrage
in the aucient republics.
We lay before our readers the other fucts
of the orator fatal to the duration of the re
publie, as briefly as they will admit. The
next great difficulty is the jealousy of the poor
towards the rich, and a cousequent disposition
to keep them down and to deprive them of
their influence in public affairs. A distin
guished medical writer has long ago remarked
that the principal obstacle to the progress of
the science which he cultivated, was not so
much the multiplication of false theories as
of false facts. Itis the same in the science
of polities. Right reasoning from false facts
and premises relating to the people and their
rights, vot unfrequently deprive the disserta
tions of the federal leaders and organs of all
their pertinacity and validity. Mr. Whipple
does not pretend that the rich are not well
protected and secure in all their vights of pro
perty, in this country, where there are no sol
diers, and there is hardly a police. In fact he
was obliged to confess that his statement was
not true for the whole of the United States,
because the mass of the people are interested
in property of some kind, and to some extent,
and in the laws wiich protect it. This mere
statement is a refutation of the charge that
there is a prevalent jealousy on the part of
men of no property toward those who have
property. But to find some shadow of foun
dation l{')r the charge, the orator resorts to the
great cities ; and here he thinks he discovers
among the “imported voters” and the corrupt
population, evidences of agrarianism sufficient
to endanger the American Republic! One
would suppose, who did not know the truth
to be otherwise, that private property was not
as safely held and as closely guarded and as
valuable in the city of New York as clse
where ! If agrarianism, on the principle of
an equal division of property, were gaining
ground in this country, we might expeet to
notice its developement in the city of New-
York more than in any other place; that city
being the centre of foreign emigration, and |
the point to which all that is bad and corrupt
in our conntry seems to tend, as by a natural
gravitation. But we believe that it may be
confidently said that the pumber of those in
that city who maintgin doctrines at war with |
property and indnstry has always been insig
nificant, never exceeding a few hundred.— l
The attempts which have been made to iden- |
tify these unprincipled and contemptible dis- ;
organisers with the democratic party of the
city and wation, are too well known and have |
been too frequently exposed to need further
attention at this time; though there can be
no doubt that they will be repeated by un
scrupulous politicians and their tools, till put
to flight by the triumphant return of the dem- |
ocratie ascendency.* ,
Noris it more just to say that the men of |
small property in this country are beut on de- |
priving their richer neighbors of their just in- |
fluence in public affairs. Our country atfords
no exception to the _eneral rule that money |
is power, and that it commands labor and tal- |
eut. Itis made a veproach against the Amer- |
icans by foreigners, (and the orator repeats
it in another part of his diseourse,) that they 1
are the slaves of wealth, and that their god is |
Mammon. There is too much truth in this ,
reproach. And yet it is honorable to the Jess
wealthy portion of the American people that
they maintain so much independence of opin
ion as they do, and are so restive under the i
dictation of arbitrary and conceited men, dis
tinguished by the mere superiority of wealth, |
who attempt to coerce their political senti- |
ments through their ineans of lwing, in one |
of the most despicable forms of tyranny, A |
rich man who has his heart m the right place, |
whose more generous affections are not extin
guished by sordid selfishness, whose sympa- |
thies are not closed against the less fortunate
among his fellow men, and who uses the
means with which God has blessed him to do
good and to improve the community in which
he lives, never has had, and never will have
reason to complain in this country of the jeal
ousy or distrust of his fellow citizens, or of ‘
an unwillingness on their part to give to his
opiuions all the weight to which they are en- 1
titled, and to admit him 1o 2 particiimtion in
the public houors and coufidence, to the full
extent justified Ly his abilities. But on the
other hand, the man whom a little prosperity
intoxicates with a conceit of his superiority to
his former asseciates, and who takes q-{pry
occasion to show it by foolish extravagance in
dress and equipage, and by aping the foppe
ries of foreign damlieo—wgo affect to despise
those about him, and talks of them as the mob
to be subdued and repulsed, while in all that
makes opinion and character valuable he mna
be their decided mferior—such a man will al’-
ways have occasion to complain among the
| ————
*Waushington and Jefferson were men of hered
itary wealth. But they were patriots as well as
men of property.
!'sturdy and independent freemen of our coun
try that he is overlooked and disregarded, if
he be not important enough to be pitied and
| despised. "T'hat this is the case almost inva
' riably, argues well for the manly spirit of our
4 people : and to a gentleman so devoted to the
“ancients” as our orator, ought to be proof pos
' Litive that there exists in our republie an hon
" | orable share of Roman pride and virtue.
' | 1 this article would not be extended too far
' |by so doing, we should show where the real
I stress of the orator’s difficulty lies ; and that
. | this false elamor of * poor acainst the rich,"”
F proceeds from a class of politicians, the ten
-4 dency, if not the design, of whose measures,
" is to subject the poor fo the rich, by the bonds
~of a vassalage the most complete and relent
less, through the establishment of an over
| ] whelming monied oligarchy, which will be
able to control both the government and the
people of the country. "I'hat the people have
| put down the great central bank, and intend
to keep it down, is the true cause of this out
cry of the *poor against the vich.” We shall
"return to this subject at another time.
- Mr. Whipple in his remarks on the super
cilious conducet of inflated men of wealth to
: ward the farming and mechanie interests,
Cwould receive commendation, did not this
| part of his discourse savor so strongly of the
| purpose so apparent in the tirade against uni
versal suffrage,
- The next fuet indigating the fate of the Re
'public is the influence of' dvmagogues, who
| stiv up the passions of the multitude against
|those who have a stake in society! The
Fgreat *multitude of our people are interest
ed in property, as we have already scen 5 and
two thirds of the Ameriean voters are (aniners.,
l'l‘lu-sc are the men by the dirvisge of whom
rour liberties are to be imt, the same by whose
stirving they were gained ! This charge a-
Cgainst the democeracy of being dangerously
cstirred by the publie men in whom they place
their confidence, and on whom they rely to
sustain the interests of the whole people,
“comes with singular grace and fitness from
the organs of a party remarkable for its def
cerence and servility to managers and those
Ceonventionally great and for sustaining with
out question all the measures pointed out to
Cthem as required by “the good of the cause,”
“however absurd or dangerous.
The last fact is the introduction of the
“spoils principle™ into our government ; which
the orator admitted was practiced upon by one
party as much as another : and therefore was
not a sin to be laid at the door of the demoe
racy. The force of the argument is, that be
cause when the democeratic party when in
power bestow the offices of government upon
those who will earry out the princtples which
Cthe democracy deem vitally important, and
not upon their enemies, therefore the govern-
Cment cannot last !
- Such are the facts which justify the tre
"mendous conclusion of the orator that our
republican institutions are on the way to ru-
Cing and with which (how well established the
publie can judge) he feltit his duty to alarm
and forewarn the assembly of his fellow eiti
zens on the day of their ludependence, and in
the presence of the venerable wemnant of the
patriots who assisted in achieving it :=a con-
Cclusion which we may well pronounce most
lame and impotent. |
- The orator had nothing to say of slavery, |
which has now become a question of so much
nnportance, nor of the dangers of a bank |
power extending itself without limits. Nor |
Con the other hand did he lay that stress upon |
[ the working of peenliar eanses to the advan- '
tage of our Republie, which was unknown to ]
the ancients, such as the power of the Gospel, |
Cthat grand conservator of virtue and intelli
gence in a people—and the vast apparatus of |
Public Instruction, now at work to enlighten
fand bless our country. While these great
and blessed and hopeful influences were bare
ly alluded to, the orator rested all the remain
| ing chance of the publie satety upon the build-
Cing up of a greal national city, connected by
railroads with the State capitals ; and on the
Cestablishment of public baths in the towns at
| the expense of the treasury ! |
- In all that he said in favor of trae patriot
ism and civie virtue, as necessary to elevate
and ennoble our prosperity, we fully concur :
- we also agree with him heartily that the great
cest end of this life is not money, and that a
| sordid thirst for gain is one of the curses of
cour times. In our sincere desire for the revi
cval of * true patriotism’ we do not forget the
Corator himself's and it is our most®rdent wish -
Ctor a man, who evidently understands the af-
Mairs of the ancients far better than those of
our own day and generation, in all that relates
to the prineiples and practice of republican
Cgovernment, that on all future occasions,
when called upon to instruct and improve his
fellow citizens, he may bear in mind and be
governed by the noble maxim of Roman pat
riotisme"That it is the duty of a good citizen
NEVER TO DOUBT OR DESPAIR OF THE COM
MONWEALTH.
POSTSCRIPT.—On the 11th instant a
portion of the publie were favored with a sup
plement to the oration delivered a week be
fore by a “distinguished fellow citizen.”—
We allude to the discourse of Dr. Wayland,
president of the college in this place, pro
nounced at the first Baptist Church on the
occasion of opening the Athenwum. Dr.
- Wayland, after explaining the object of the
proprietors of this excellent institution, which
is an honor to its founders and to ounr city,
Cand will prove, we trust, a source of lasting
benefit to the rising generation—proceeded to
consider at large, and with his usual ability,
the economical, political and moral advanta
ges of education and intelligence to commu
nities and nations. Dr. Wayland differs wide-
Ay from Mr. Whipple in one most important
particular. "T'he Orator of the 4th is of opin
“ion that for the safety of the State the man
should be governed by the few. Dr. W, will{
greater sagacity and patriotism, gives up at
once all thoughts of a restriction on the pre
rogative of popular sovreignty, (a restriction
totally impracticable, unjust, inexpedient and
dangerous,) and tells his auditory that the
people.in this country have got the power in
, their own hands, from which it is idle to think
of dislodging it. And that the only alterna
tive remaining to those who doubt” the wis
| dom, or distrust the consequences of this ar
rangement, is the education of the people, to «
the greatest extent that chrcumsiances will
~admit=an education of the people equal to
that of princes, under other forms of govern
~ment. This is the only sensible and just
view of the subject. All those who by a nat
ural aristocratie bias, or through the eflfects
of prejudice or by a mistaken course of rea
soning, have been led to a dislike of the dem
ocratie institutions and people of this coun
try, and to prefer the constitution of a limited
“monarchy like that of England, have but one
course open to pursue. The people will not
give way to them ; and it will be their most
Judicions expedient to unite with the rest of
the commuuity in providing the most abun
~dant means for pablie instruction in all its
} branches, and thus, by enlarging the domain
of intelleet, to render knowledge and virtue the
1 stability of the times in which they live.
' In thus noting the sounder and more re
publican sentiments of the Doctor, we are not
to be understood as approving all parts of his
discourse. He made too easy a concession
to the common and unfoundc-t{ charge, that
| “injustice’ is more canil{ perpetrated under
(republican than under other forms of govern-
Cment 3 an assertion which every day's history
of the world, and the slow progress and obsti
nate postponement of human rights, so abun
dantly refutes. His tone was not one of a.n{m
pathy with the masses, whom he professed so
great an anxiety to enlighten. He seemed to
look down upon them from an eminence, as l
| one, who, though sometimes among them, is |
“not of them, and who feels.more the desire to
patronise ws a superior, than to cooperate as an
Fequal. This is a common fault in the wise
men of onr Israel, as well as in those who lay
claim to a wisdom of a more wordly charae
ter. They are too much given to talking
about what we must do for the people, as an
inferior order of beings, so that we may ren
der it safe for the people to live in their own
country ! "T'hey are too apt to regard pecu
niary endowments as the standard of merit,
and all below some imaginary line as belong
ing to a caste, whom humanity may dictate
o treat with Kindness and even to desire to
educate, (that is 4o bring up,) but between
whom and themselves a respectable distance
should be carefully maintained. Now all this
is wrong ; and savors of puerility. Tt belongs
to an age and a country far different from our
own, in which men are not born to the herit
age of common rights, are not ** the sons of
their own works™ and do not rise and fall by
their own merit or ill desert. I'he common
people of this country are, by the blessing of
God, free, and acknowledge no self constitut
ed superiors. But they are not so weak as to
disregzard the true value of talent, civilization,
or moval worth, wherever they are manifested. |
They are willing to hear l{w truth and to |
profit by it when it is spoken in the right spi
rit and when it does not came in the garb of
privilege, and elaim to be received not so much
for itsell as for the sake of those who deliver
it. Let our men of wealth, our wise men,
and those who stand in high places, give up
this foolish notion of patronising a fice peo
ple, who, it not all learned, are as a body dis
tinguished by strong, bhardy, good sense.—
Let them be contented with leading rather
than drietn ¢ their fellow citizens, with a de
sire to serve more than to dictate.
There is ene fact, which may be always
profitably mentioned to those friénds of educa
tion in this place, who are too apt to underval
ue the common people 5 a fact both honorable
and instructive, viz: that the first movement
“made in Providence to establish public schools
came from #s mechanics: and to them gpall
we he indebted, rather than to the more weal
thy portion of our citizens, for an enlargement
of our system of common school education,
that shall adapt it 10 the wants and demands of
the community. And we may add, that they
who preach education, while they distrust
those who are to be educated, are generally no- |
ted for doing the least in the good cause; while ‘
those who have confidence in the people, and
rejoice in the broad basis of liberty on which
the democratic mstitutions of the country rest, |
are able to go along in the work of improve- |
ment with a more hearty and generous zeal,
aud, both by Yhe spirit with which they are an- |
imated, and by the position in which they |
stand, more effectually to contribute to the
“gareatest good of the greatest number.” {
Having already oceupied so much space in
reviewing the imaginary dangers to our Re
publican Institutions, which constituted the
topies of Mr. Whipple's oration on the 4th,
we will close an articie, which has been neces
sarily protracted to an unusual length, by a
mere summary of the eauses which asstire the
permanence of our National System ; leaving
the more detailed consideration of them to oth
er oceasions.
The State and National Governments (speak
ing generally) are adapted to the waunts, feel
ings, habits, judgment, and even prejudices
of the people; and are settling upon their
foundations, and becoming stronger in the lapse
of time. Property when heaped up is not
continned in dangerous masses. by the provi
sions of law. T'hiere is no privileged class, sus
tained by hereditary power, wealth and hon
ors 3 and we rejoice to helieve that slavery will
be peaceably extinguished. I'he great numer
ical majority are invested with political power
and feel all that ednobling pride, growing out
of the consciousness of equal rights, which is
so effective in developing the enevgies and en
terprise of a free people. The rights of the
citizen and the powers of government are well
defined in written constitutions. The prinei
ple of representation, as a substitute for the
’ assemblage of the whole body politie, has heen
well ascertained and established in our repub
lic. The power of the State and General
Governments have been happily adjusted and
balanced ; and the legislation of Congress is
carried into effect upon the individuals of the
States, and not upon the States in their corpo
rate capacities, as was the case in all the con
federated States of antiquity, and in all others
which preceded the Awmerican Union. Our
people are distributed in separate political com
munities, over a wide extent of territory: so
that the concentration of overwhelming mas
ses in particular places is not to be feared.—
Neither N. York, nor Philadelphia, nor Wash
ington, nor any other great city will ever be
able to give law to the U. States. The great
majority of the population must always be the
cultivators of the soil; who have in all ages
been the most virtuous part of the people, and
in this country are highly intelligent. The
people of the different States, however remote,
are made one people by the various modes of
easy and rapid communication, by an attach
ment to the Union, and by a confirmed nation
ality of feeling. The majority of the Ameri
can people are descended from the old Saxon
race, and from ancestors who possessed to an
uncommon degree, the love of freedom, and
the hatred of all the forms of oppression. The
people of this country also inherit a certain ro
bustness of character, which qualifies them for
all hardy and manly undertakings ; and makes
them brave and unconquerable. A vast and
rapidly inereasing apparatus of public instrue
tion in good knowledge and virtue is provided
for the successive generations of the people;
and there is a general conviction among them
that education thvonghout the mass is * the
salt and savor” of the Republic. The Gospel
of God is established, not by law but in the
conviction and affections of the people ; and
will repay their attachment by securing and
ennobling their institutions. : e
Such are the principal causes from which
the perpetunity of the American Republie may
be cheerfully and confidently predicted. The
patriots of the Revolution did not labor in vain,
il we are worthy of our inheritance. And as
we survey its various blessings with an honest
glow of patriotic pride, we m:;}v well ask those
who desire or fear a change, for what equiva
lent, in the name of heaven, can the American
people surrender this prosperity, these rights,
these hopes? To suggest it is treason to the
State.
s3n Mail.
TWELVE DAYS LATER.
Armivan of Tne Brivraxyia.—~The Roy
al Mai! Steamship Britanuia, Capt. John Hew
itt, arrived at her berth, East Boston, Wed
nesday morning, at 2 o’clock, from Liverpool,
via Halifax.
The Britannia has had a remarkably fine
pass.cho for the season, having made the run
in 144 days, including detentions. .
She brought 20 passengers to Halifax, 20
from Halifax to Boston, and 43 from Liver
pool to Boston, total 63. By this arrival we
have received Wilmer & Smiths’ European
Times, of April 4th, from which and several
Boston papers we make the following extracts :
The Britannia spole large quantitiv s of ice.
"T'he Overland Mail due the first of the month,
had not arrived.
The Great Western arrived at Liverpool on
the Ist inst.
Business during the fortnight ending on the
Ath, sensibly improved. The cotton market
had been extremely buoyant, with improving
prices,
An opinion is prevalent, says the European,
that our dark night of embarrassment will be
succeeded by a fine dawn and a brilliant noon
day.
{'om. Porter, the U. 8, Charge d'Affaires,
at Constantinople, died there on the 3d ult.
The Gazette of Crazow, announces the death
on the 14th ult. at the age of 80 years, of Count
Stanislas Wodziski, vho has filled the post of
President of the Repablic during fifteen years.
Hon Edward Eveett, our Minister ad the
Court of St. James, had made a reply to a
deputation which had waited on him with the
memorial of the holders of stock in England.
T'he reply was very much admired.
In the British aouse of Lords, the Earl of
Wicklow gave notice, ou the part of Lord
Brougham that, on (he 4th inst. he would
move a vote of thanks to Lord Ashburton, for
concluding the recent treaty with America.
In the House of Commons, April 3, Sir
Robert Peel stated in reply to a question from
Lord J. Russel, that he had received des
patches from My, Fox, with a copy of. the
President’s Message, and the communication
of Mr. Webster, and that he would lay them
before the House, T'he Government {md not
given any instructions to Lord Ashburton that
modified Lord Aberdecn’s despatch of Decems
ber, 1541—=by- its principles they wepe deter
mined to adhere,
In France, the power of M. Guizot seems
to be now perfeetly consolidated, and a better
feeling exists between that country and Eng
land than has of late years been manifest.
The Commeree announces that orders had
been given to the engiveers charged with the
dircetion of the works of the fortifications of
PParis, to redoubled activity in forwarding the
construction of the fifteen detached forrs, at
which upwards of 200,000 civil and military
workmen are nowtemployed. Five of these
forts will shortly be completed, viz: those of
Mount Valerien, of the east at St. Denis, Ro
mainville, Noisy le Sec, and Chareton. The
two-thirds of fourothers are finished, viz : Ros
ny, Nogene-sur-Marne, Ivry, and lssy.
A late latter fom Barcelona, announces the
discovery of amther conspiracy amongst the
troops of the gorvison of Montjurich, and that
twelve non-conmissioned officers had been ar
rested and sent to Madrid for high treason.
The Maltese ship Tagliaferro had been de
stroyed by fire. While she was burning a lot
of sailors broke nto her hold to procure casks
of wine, of which they drank heartily. Un
fortunately they opened and drank from: a eas'c
of spirits of turpentine, and nine of them died
in consequence,
The ratifications of a convention betwe en
Gireat Britain and France, for the mutual sur
render of erimimls and fugitives from justice,
were exchanged n London on the 13th ult.
A servant girl lost her life at the house of
Mvr. Ally, of Domoughmore, Queen’s county,
last week ; she was brushing a great coat, in
the pocket of whichhere was a loaded pist 01,
which went off, and shot her through the he:rt.
American clocks of very neat appearaace
and great utility, far preferable to the old
Duteh ones, are among the manufactured ar
ticles which the new tariff' has let in, and r eal-
Iy se¢gm likely to have considerable sale, w ith
out materially interfering with the sale of t) 10se
of English manufacture.—Birmingham Ad
verteser, March IGth.,
The extraordinary work of genius, the
Thames Tunnel, was opened on Saturday , the
25th ult. after which the directors and their
friends dined at the London Tavern.
A new motive power has been invented and
patented by Mr. Bagzgs, of Cheltenham. It
consists in the substitution of carbonie acid
gas for steam. The Cheltenham Journal
speaks of it as being of **equal force and im
mensely cheaper than steam.”
Tue comet has been seen by all the ast on
omers of Europe. Tt took them guite vina
wares, Sir John Herschell considered it one
of unusual magnitude,
The distingnished poet, Robert Sout hey,
died at his residence in Keswick, on the 21st
of March, after long lingering in a state of
mental imbeeility. In the invocation at the
opening of the first Canto of his Madoe, he
brought his three principal poetical work.s in
view in these words—
“ Come, for ye know me, I am he who sung
The maid of Are, and fan’d of Thalaba— -
The wild and wond’rouns song.”
The Leipsic Gazette states, from Munielr,
that there is now at Prien, a female, 23 years
of age, in perfect health, although her sole
aliment for the last eleven years has beeu oal
water. 'T'he account adds, that she is, wiag
her own consent, to be examined by a medical
commission appointed for the purpose.
BY THE COLUMBUS AT NEW-YORK.
THE EAST.
In along document their Excellencies Ke
ying and New-keen publish the following as
the settled results of their negotiations with
the British Plenipotentinry while at Nankin :
1. The Chinese Government will at pres
ent be responsible for the Hong merchants
paying to their English creditors debts to the
amount of two millions’ of doliars. Hercafter
Hong merchants and all other classes of na
tives are to be alone responsible for their own
debts, the mandarins only affording their of
ficial aid.
2. None but merchant ships are to come
and go to the five ports, vo ships of war being
allowed to visit them. Not even merchant
ships are to visit any other than the five ports.
3. The English fully agree to the rebuild
ing of all the fortresses, and the putting of
them in the same state ol defence as formerly.
4. Although peace is declared, all places in
the empire may not be fully aware or it; and
should the officers in those uninformed places
cause trouble to the English, no fighting is to
take place, as all will soon be fully informed,
by proclamation, of the establishment of amity
and good will.
5. As soon as this year's instalment of the
money is paid the English ships of war are to
withdraw from the Long River, and return to
their own country.
G. The English Plenipotentiary agrees to
place under immediate arrest every British of
ficer who may be found levying duties on Chi
nese shipping. {lB
7. 1n all the difficulties between the natives
of China and the natives of England, which
may arise from their intercourse at the five
ports, the Chinese are to be handed over to
the Chinese authorities of the place, and the
English to the English authonties, for trial,
&e.
8. The English agree, that if any Chinese
criminals take refuge on board of English
merchant ships or men of war, or take up their
residence -in Hong Kong, to give them up,
upon requisition from the Chinese authorities.
China enters into a like agreement touching
English criminals.
Axorner Broony Prize Fronr !<There
was a bratal prize fight, of the bloodiest char
acter, on Saturday, near Goose Tavern, 15
miles from Philadelphia, between Freeman, an
English bully, and a young brick-maker wf
the eity named Rusk. They fought 175
rounds, in presence of several hundred per
sons,who started from a tavern in Library street.
In the 50th round, the Philadelphian’s eyes
were completely closed, but through the in
terference of friends, he continued to fight, and
eventually proved victorious. The bet, be
tween the belligerents alone, is stated at 500,
-=N. Y. Plebeain.
Axorner Murper.—<We are informed,
says the Athens Banuer, of the 7th inst., that
a murder was committed in Jackson county,
on 'l‘urs«hy night last, by a negro, upon a Mr.
William Foster, of Franklin county, North
Carolina. "T'he negro belonged to Mr. Foster,
and effected the murder at the camp where
they were staying, by striking the deceased
several blows on the head with anaxe. These
facts have been confessed by the negro who is
now in the jail at Jefferson, awaiting his trial.
The system of transportation, from the time
of its commencement up to 1841, cost Eng
land, eight millions sterling.
Republican £evald.
- PROVIDENCE, *
Saturday, April 22, 1813,
FOR PRESIDENT,
MARTIN VAN BUREN.
[ Subject to the decision of a Nutional Convention.)
DemacraticState Convention,
A Democratic State Convention will be holden
at the State House in Newport, on the first Tues
day of May, at 6 o’clock ». m., for the purpose of
expressing the opinion of the Democratic party
of this State, as to the time when a National Con
vention for the nomination of candidates for Pre
sident and Viee President, shonld be holden, and
considering the manner in which delegates from
this State shall be elected, to represent the Dem
ocratic party thereof in said Convention—and al
-80 to transact such other business as may cowme
before said State Convention.
The respective State Committees in each town
not represented in the General Assembly, are re
(uested to call meetings there'r, and see that agl
e gates are duly elected to attend said Conven
tion. A general attendance is earnestly enjoin
«ld, as matters of the highest moment may be dis
c:ussed therein.
By order of the State Central Committee :
DEXTER RANDALL, Chairman.
NEWPORT.—The Democrats and Friends of
[ Zqual Rights in the town of Newport, are re
(quested to meet at the State House, in Newport,
on Satarday evening, April 29, at early candle
light, to choose Delegates to attend the Demo
eratic Convention to be holden at Newport, on
the 4th of May, 1543, By order of Com.
SCITUATE.—The Democrats und Friends of
Equal Rights in Scituate, are requested to meet
at the house of Flavel Patterson, on Saturday
evening, April 29, at 7 o’clock, for the purpose of
choosing Delegates to attend the Convention in
Newport on the first Tuesday in May.
By order of the Committee.
JOHNSTON.—A meeting of the Democrats
and Friends of Equal Rights will be holden at the
Inn of Col. Earl ‘(night. in Johnston, on Natur
day, the 20th inst., at 6 o'clock P. M, for the pur
pose of choosing Dele gates to represent said town
in the Convention to be holden at Newport on the
first Tuesday of May next.
EARL KNIGIHT, Committee,
WARWICK.—The Democrats and Friends of
Equal Rights in Warwick, are requested to meet
at the Town-house in Warwick, on Saturday eve
ning, April 29, at 7 o’clock, for the purpose of
choosing Delegates to attend the Convention in
Newport on the first Tuesday in May.
By order of the Committee,
FOR THE HERALD.,
“THE ELECTION AND I'l'S RESULS”
AGAIN.
It is said a distemipered imagination will turn a
black stnmp into a bear, at any time, and such
appears to be the ease with the Journal. It can
gsee bears in the forest or whales in the clonds,
whenever its disease rages. When in an article
on the subject of the late election, on Saturday
last, we called npon the democracy of other States
“ to come to the rescue,” we intended no more than
that the democracy of other States should sustain
L the great principles in their respective States,
1 which had been overturned in this. Om this great
principle of the sovereignty of the people, all the
[ States are equally interested. It is by no means,
r as we observed, a ¢ local question.” This great
¢ principle has been put down in Rhode Island,
and it may be crushed in other States, unless the
democracy, timely interfere to prevent it. This
was what we intended should be infered from our
article,
The ¢ People’s Constitution,” so called, in this
State is dead [murdered] and the” government
nunder it, terminated. It has been snperceded by
another Constitation, and the government under
the latter is about being organized; and hence
forth this Constitution is to be the sapreme law
of the State, and the citizens of Rhode Island are
bound by it, and must obey and respect it. This
‘we admit. Butnothwithstanding this, the citjzens
of other States have a right to look to the means
by which all this has been brought aboat, and if
they find any great principle has been violated in
the accomplishment, they have a right to say so,
and to express their opinion as to what has been
done. llf the people of other States have not
this right, let the Journal say so, and hurl de
fiance at what way be the public opinion of the
whole country npon the Rhode Island question.
If the people of other States have not the rnight
to discuss Rhode Island afluirs, let the Journal
prevent it. :
Our article of Saturday was intended to
i nvite them, not that the decision would be of
any “‘use to us,” but might be to them. [ln this
discussion, we observed, “ Congress must take
the lead.” Will the Journal deny that right to
Congress! Ifitdoes, letitsay so. Forourselves,
we think they have the right to take up the whole
subject matter, from begining to end; and if' not
to legislate, at least they have the right to pro
nounce an * opinion” upon Rhode Island affuirs
—and an opinion was all that we asked.
But perhaps some will say what good will an
opinion do without any act? Much every way.
It will decide the great question, and the only ona
of gny importance in this State, during the past
year, whether the sovereignty or supreme power
reposes in the people or in the government. Should
Congress decide, that the people can alter the
Sorm of government without permission from the
g overnment, then was the People’s Constitution
a valid instrament, if adopted by amajerity. But
il’" the people have no such right; then was the
I 'edple’s Constitution null and void, although it
night have received a majority, and nineteen
t wentieths of all the voters in the State,
The fact whether the People’s Constitution re
ceived a majority or not, we ecare not a copper
übout, since that constitution is atan end; but the
rraxcierk upon which its validity rested, was
and is of the utmost importance. It is for this
great political principle we hope to see it discuss
ed in the halls of Congress. And surely there is
nothing “rebellions’ or “ treasonable” in this de
sire. The fact is, the Journal is afraid of the
trath. It fears the discussion of Rhode Island
affairs, out of the State, knowing the Algerines
will be brought into condemnation, when right
takes place. But light and truth willcome ! The
Rhode Island question MusT AND WILL BE DISCUSS
ED ALL OVER THE, couNtTrßY=—and moreover will
e made a test question of democracy in all elec
tione. The bold denial by the Algerins of the
d.setrines of the declaration of Indep®ndence will
be rebuked by the democratic party in every
8 ate. Although these doctrines are set at naught
in this State, they are not so elesewhere.
D 5” Seth Luther is engaged in delivering, in
N oston and Charlestown, a course of lectures on
the eruelty, persecution and tyranny of the Alger
ine win this State, towards those unfortunate men
Whe fell into their hands, while struggling for
their rights. =
Inox Suir.—An iron ship arrived at New
Orleans on the sth iost. from Liverpool.
SivevLar mistory or Gov, Fexser's roviri
car counsk.~lt is singnlar that Gov. Fenner has
never been elected by the Democratie party in a
contested election. Whenever opposed by the
Federal party, he has always been beaten.—
Whenever elected, for the first time in either the
three terns he has succeeded, it has always been
by a coalition and the aid of the Federal against
the Demoeratic party. In the late contest, in
which he has sneceeded, he owes his election en
tirely to the whole combined forces of the Fede
ral party including the negro voters who were
feasted and wmarched and counternmrehed to and
frem the polls by their masters. This is proved
by the state of the votes. The Federal party,
with all their new voters, namber about 9,000,
The whole number of votes he received, was
9,041, It will be seen, therefore, that he carried
but a very few of the Democrats of the State
with him. Indeed, the Federalists, had they con
fined the election to their own ranks, would have
succeeded as well without his aid and assistance
as with it. The conclusion is inevitable. The
late election is a Whig triumph and nothing else
but a Whig victory.
Tue New York Dewocratic LEGISLATIVE
Coxvextion met on Monday last, and among oth
ers passed a resolution declaring*that MARTIN
VAN BUREN was the choice of the Democracy
of New York, as candidate for President of the
United States. We shall publish the proceedings
of this convention hereafter.
SUPREME COURT.
This tribunal has been in session two zeeh.
The Grand Jury terminated its inquest on Satur
day last, having returned one bill for * treason”
against Charles S. Landers, one for burglary, the
rest for violations of the licence law and other
minor offences. Aaron Bachelder was tried for
the musder of his wife in Cumberland, in August
last. Bachelder took his trial at the Sept. term,
1842, butthe jury eould not agree on a verdict. He
was, however, convicted at this term, and recom
mended to mercy by the jury.
U77lt seems there were two men dismissed
from employ in Newport on account of having
voted according to their opinion. They were at
tached to the Perry Mill, under the agency of -
Samuel Fowler Gardner. One of the persons
discharged is Mr. Peleg C. Remington, machin
ist of this city, the name of the other is Fogg.
These two were all employed in the cotton wmills
in Newport, who dared to vote in opposition to
their dictators—and they have both been dischurg
ed.
U A certain manufacturer, not wore than a
thousand miles from Woonsoket, who fuiled a few
years since for an immense amonnt, and paid but
about a tenth part of his debts, remarked a few
days since, that such had been his fears of Dorr
and his murderous gang of maranders, that he has
been afraid to keep his silver plate in his own
house, for months past. ‘
(57 It is said that certain proscribers who had
discharged their workmen on account of their
political principles, recently went to Taunton
to procure other workmen, to fill the places of
those they had dismissed. But the Massachusetts
mechanics spurned the offers of the petty tyrants
—telling thew they mould not consent to sell their
labor and give their frecdom into the bargain.
I57"We are requested by Mr. Samuel 8. Bowen
to say, that the story published in the Herald of
April 12th, relating to a dose of medicine having
been administered to a voter, to prevent his at
tending the ward meeting had no reference to
that individual, as nothing of the kind joccurred
to him.
(5" The friends of our former fellow towns
man, Maj. Ruones G. Arrex, will be gratified to
learn that he has been appointed by the Governor,
to the office of Inspector of Lumber in the City
of New York. A lucrative office, we understand.
75" Some time since we stated, in our paper,
that Com. Porter, U. 8. Charge d’Affairs, was ill
at Constantinople. The Chronicle of this city
noticed our paragraph, and announced it as
“News.”" We could not see the wit of the thing,
but suppose there must have been some in it.—
Another opportunity for a display of wit is had in
the announcement of the death of the gallant
Porter, which took place at Constantinople, on
the 3d ult.
7 Our friends in the South and Western
parts of the State will oblige us by sending to this
office, as soon as convenient, copies of the buga
boos federal Algerine handbills, which were cir
culated among them, just previous to the election.
WILMER & SMITH’S EUROPEAN TIMES.
We received a copy of this Journal, dated April
4, by the Britannia. It is published immediately
preceding the departure of the Steamers for
America, and contains a full summary of news to
the hour of sailing. The paper may be had of
the agents of Harnden & Co.
Lapies’” Worep or Faswioyn Axp Grapaw’s
Macazixe~The May number of these popular
publications, the former edited by Mrs. Ann 8.
Stevens, have been received by the publishers
and agents of this city. Both of these works are
handsomely ornamented with fine mezotint en
gravings, and Graham’s Magazine has a memoir
of Com. Perry from the pen of Cooper.
Evecrion.—Great preparations are making by
the dominant party of this State, to give eclat to
their trinmph at the approaching inanguration of
the government. Wm. G. Goddard is to deliver
an oration on the occasion, to be delivered Tues
day, May 24, the day of the inanguration. .
Erocurion.—Mr. J. E. Murdoch, one of the
best elocutionists of the day, will give a series of
readings at Westminster Hall, commencing on
Monday next. Mr. Murdoch has the assistance
of Mr. Wm. F. Johnson, formerly of the Tre
mont Theatre, and well known as an actor of su
perior abilities. ' .
(37 Tuesday last, the 15th of April, was a very
unpleasrnt day. Hail, snow and rain fell in this
city, during the day. On looking over our old
files of the Newport Republican, we find a me
morandum, that, on the 15th of April, 1821, being
the day of election for Governor, &ec., the mail
was carried from Newport to Bris'ol on runners.
557 The Mayor of Philadelphia, on the Bth inst.
arresteda gang of seven counterfeiters, including
two females. All of them had more or less spuri
ous bills in their possession. The den of the
counterfeiters was discovered—their implements
seized=—and their habitation closed.
7" We have several articles on hand which
are necessarily deferred. “ Anti War" is among
them—Also a communication from Pawtucket,
signed <H.” . &
J. P. K. Hevsnaw, D. D. bas accepted
the invitation to become the Bishop of ‘the
Diocess of Rhode Island, to which office !,
was elected at the special convery ,on held April
6th. He has also accepted the invitation to
be(l‘ome the Rectyr of Grace Church.—Jour
nal.
Some astronomers think, (says the Boston
Post,) that in the course of time, our planet
will be destroyed by coming in contact with
the sun. How do they know but that the sun
may be destroyed by coming in contaet with
the earth? \\yho is agoing to give up before
the fight ! Let us have fair play and old Sol
may wish he hadn't enlisted, afier all,
AxxaLs or tue Tows o Provipesce, from its
first settlement to the organization of the City
Government, in June, 1532, By Witriam
R. SBrarves. Providence: Knowles & Vose.
A copy of a work with the above title has been
laid on our table. The volume is a handsome
specimen of book printing, from the press of
Knowles & Vose. From the Journa) we copy
the following remarks in relation to the work :
‘ “The history of Providence, during its set
tlement and early progress, is the history of
Rhode Island ; and the book before us sup
plies a deficiency which has long been expe
rienced by those who feel a just pride in the
annals of the State, and are interested in see
t in,;’ them worthily transmitted to posterity.
~ The author of this history is one of the
Justices of the Supreme Ju«ficial Court; he
has long been distinguished for his devotion
to the early Listory of the State, and has for
‘many. years employed the leisure which his
professional engagements allowed, making the
collections and researches, the fruits of which
~are before us. He is indefatigable in investi
‘gation, patient in the comparison of authori
“ties, and impartial in the statement of facts,—
Access to t[le archieves of the Secretary of
State's office, the City Records, and the col
lections of the Historical Society, has given
him opportunity to draw largoi’;' from the
original papers and documents of the Colony.
In addition to the general history, there is a
particular and Ecelesiastical histoxy, and full
‘notices upon the subjects of Education, News
papers, and Periodicals, purchases of the Na
tives, and Divisions of the Town, with a valu
able amount of statistical information. The
character and services of many of the old wor
thies, wha, idemtified with ((xe intérests and
prosperity of the téwn, are touched upon.”
The Prospectus annouuced that the Annals of
Providenee would be published in an octavo vol.
of about 550 pages. Under this expectation the
price was fixed at $2 per copy. The work as
publisbed makes 670 p:xgu(’llhough the size of
the type in the Appendix is duninished. "Fo meet
this additional expense, the author propeses, with
the assent of his subscribers, to raise the price to
#2 50. Auy subscriber, however, who does not
assent to this, may receive his copy at the origin
al price, or may refuse to receive it, at his plea
sure. To nen-subscribers the price will be in
variably $2 50,
We are, sure that the indefatigable and indns
trious author of the above work will not be suf
fered to experience a loss in the publication of
this desirable history.
Thue Mekcwant's Excuaxar was'sold un
der the bamumner yestexday morniog by Halli
day & Jenkins, for $205,600. 'The mortgage
on it was s#oo,ooo. The stockholders have,
therefore, onty 5,600 to divide mmong them.
John Ward was the purchaser.
Here is a willion of maney which our mer
chants had invested in stoek of that building,
with four huidred thousand advanced by eon
liding parties for the company’s bonds, and
twenty-three thonsand due to mechanics and
laborers whe helped build the edifice—all, all,
hopelessly gone! 'The partg holding the
Judgment for eight hundred thousand dollars
—the Barings of London, we are told—bought
it in at their own price! We have heard of
one man of comfortable means, who, two or
three years ago, placed his «ll in stock of that
building, suppaosing that there, above all oth
ers, was security. But, alas, the dependance
of his old age is gone! His aged consort and
him are left, with feeble decrepid frames, to
battle the storms of life without a dollar, or
yield to their tempestous fury! Such occur
rences as these—overwhehning the rich mer
chaut, the poor mechanic and laborer in one
common ruin—are enough to melt the stout
est heart. 'l‘hei' fearfully portray the charac
ter of the times through which we have passed.
—‘V. Yo ;S“.o ¥
ArTrocious MURDER IN DAY LIGHT.—
$5OO REWARD FOR THE MURDERERS.—An ag
ed couple named Pottimer, residing near Har
risburg, Pa. in the absence of their Son, whe
had gone to market with vegetables, were at
tacked on Friday last, by some fiends in hu
man shape. \\;lwn the youth returned he
found his mather lying dead with her head
cleft in two. His father was just dying, his
head having been cruelly bruised and maungled,
and expired in the arms of his son. They
were sober, industrious, and respectable agri
culturists, and had lived there all their lives.
One of the neighbors who was geing to town,
saw the old man in a field about 10 o'clock in
the morning, and met the sonreturning home,
so that the fiends mnst have perpetrated the
horrid deed within a short time. It is suppos
ed they were alarmed by the return of the son,
as they only secured twenty dollars of the
money which the old man had stored away in
the house. T'his amount was in bills, or relief
notes, of the Erie, Northampton, and Penn
Township Banks, and Harrishurg Corporation,
which it is hoped, will lead to the deteetion of
the murderers. The son was addieted to in
temperance, and his account of the affair is
somewhat contradictory. The Philadelphia
U. 8. Gazetie, of "Tuesday, states that a no
tice has been issned by the Governor we pre
sume oftfering a reward of FIVE HUNDRED DOL
LARS for such informmtion as will lead to the
detection of the murderers.
Tue Brusswick MurpeEr.—The Portland
Advertiser of Saturday, states that the Grand
Jury has found bills of indictment agaiust
Thomas Thorn and Louisa Wilson for the
murder of Elisha Wilson, the hushand of the
latter, for murder in the first degree, the of
fence being variously set forth in three distinet
counts. In each indictment charging one of
the prisoners as principal, there was also a
count, charging the other with being acces
sory before the fact. Each pleaded not guil
ty. The trials will take place about the first
of May. v, "5 ’
laveaesring Discoveny.—The wreck of
the Erie, the steamboat burnt a year and a
half ago on Lake Erie, has been found. The
discovery was made by means of a compass,
invented by Capt. Chapin, of New York, con
structed so that the needle will indicate when
a large body of iron or other metalic substan
ces is in tgc vicinity, and its direction from
the compass. The party went out on the ice
following the signs of the needle, and after
several weeks search, suceeded in finding the
wreck, not far from Silver Creek. In a notice
to wreckers and wreckmasters, Maj. M. Clue
states he has taken possession of the wreck
for himself and the owners of the Frie, under
a contract with said owners, by placing buoys
upon it. gi
MurpEr wirt ovur.~The Baitimore Sun,
Extra, brings us the details of the discovery of
a murder committed by a man aged 69 years,
upon his young wife, aged 16. The man's
name is John Horn, and the atrocious erime
was committed on the 10th of March last, at
his house, about five miles from Reisterstown,
on the Hanover road. The body was discove
ered, throngh the indefatigable exertions of a
younger sister, byried in the woods some quar
ter of a mile from the house. The murderer,
in the meanwhila, had fled, a 2 ™ the last ac
counts had not been arregted.
Twe Texaxy SqQuanrox.—We learn that
the Texan squadron, composed of the sloop of
war Austin, 'bom. Moore, and the briz\Vhar
ton, Capt. Lothrop, will depart this afternoon
for ’:ho coast of Yucatan.~XN: O. Republican
Il' .
From the Portsmouth Gazette.
Tur Ruoor Istaxp Evrecrion.~Thear)
istocracy of Rhode Island have trinmphed in
the late election, and Fenner their candidate
for Governor is elected. )
The N. York I.egislature has adjourned.