The Northern star, and farmers' and mechanics' advocate. [volume], March 27, 1830, Image 1

About The Northern star, and farmers' and mechanics' advocate. [volume] (Warren, R.I.) 1830-1834

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~ NORTHERN STAR,
AND FARMERS’ AND MECHANICS’ ADVOCATE.
VOL. 6.—NO. 6.
PRINTED AND PUBLISHED BY
CHARLES RANDALL.
2 xnus.—’lwd? DOLLARS 8
sonum, payable in three months, or §2 560
at the end of the year. :
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lisher.
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¢to the publisher postuge paid.
T.;° Single papers 8 cents.
TARMERS’ &« MECEANICS’
ADVTOOC AR,
Those who make the happy choice of
tilling the earth as the means of reaping
thelr reward, shun many of the anxieties
and vexations, which are in a greater or
less degree incident to almost every other
vocation. And if there be one situation
in life more desirable than another, it is
that of a snug thriveing farmer ~He can l
look calmly on amidst all the conflicting
passions and clashing interests, whiehf
cause so much eommunition among the
mercantile community—he hears the cry
about the rice and fall of stock, without
the cutting sensation of fear, that so much
of his annual income has been swindled
fromrhim by some unfeeling spendthrifi—L‘
or the like annoying thought, that his
means have been increased with the Jast
advance, when in reality it proves a sheer
fabrication, got up by a few designing in
dividuals, to "gull the creduloks and en
trap the unwary. He sees growing with
in his sight, sufficient to maintain his fam
ily comfortably, and surrounded with all
that can possibly tend to their happiness
and enjoyment—with all that should
prompt a wish to be possessed of within
their reach—with a foothold on carth of |
the most durable nature, and one whichl
will stand in spite of all the powers ofinan,
Although they combine to raise it to the
very foundation, their effort will prove a
futile and visionary attempt. With all
within his grasp which our forefathers had
to satiate their desires, when peace and
comfortdwellethtogether. Delight &glad
ness cheered their every movement ; sat
isfaction was traced on the dimpled cheek ‘
of the smiling urchin, when tae sweet mu
sic of the spinning wheel was heard in cv-!
ery domicile; and industry, frugality and
economy was the order of the day, when it
was fashionable for females to scckci
wool and flax, and lay their hands to the
spindle and the distaff.” Then was true
and unalloyed pleasure realized. And‘
has not the practical farmer the same
means of happiness now, that was then en
joyed ? Surely he has in every sense of
of the word, with one exception, that of a
mind within doors to move the spining
wheel. His situation comes as nigh 1 not
nigher independenec, than any other ; and
is it not strange that so much backwardness
is manifested to engageing in a.business,
from which so much solid advantage is de
rived ? In what more sure way can a small
amount be vested, than land presents ? and
yet, while all branches have been overdone
those that have persucd a husbandsmen’s
calling, have progressed with their busi
ness in a smooth and even tenure, and year
after year, have had the pleasure of sceing
their labors crowned with success. L.
TRANSPLANTING.
In performing this operation, on all
plants pol' wooden texture, the cssential
point is to set the roots inthe ground in a
situation similar to that in which they were
placed, before they were taken out ; not
only the same depth, but, as Mr. Forsyth
says, with the same side to the south as
they were before : but as they cannot be
got out of the fround, nor set n&nin into it,
with their full length of roots, these must
be cut off to a length proportionate to their
8176.~Where tho{ are very small, let
thO“hlxt at the length of 6 or 8 inches,
and where they are pretty large, double
that length, or'more ; let them be careful
ly taken up, withoug breakiug the roots,
cutting off those that get hroken, and cut-
DEVOTED TO NEWS, MECHANICS, AOIICERWWW coNOMY, BTC.
ting them all off at their proper length
:g let the hole, into whichpth:; are tg be
set, be sufficiently larg> to receive the
roots without cramping them : then shake
in the earth gently about them, so that
each one shall retan their proper position.
As it is difficult to give the fibrous roots
their proper place, it is generally best to
cut most of these off. fn fruit trees, all
the downright*roots should be cut off,
If the roots have been some time out of
ground, it is advisable to soak them in wa
ter for eiYht orten hours before they are
setin. In a cold or stiff' soil, they should
be set shallower than in a warm, mellow
one. After they are properly bedded in
the ground, a stake should be driven in
near to cach one, leaning towards them,
and to these they should be tied, to keep
them steady ; and some mulch should be
laid round the roots of each. (
FOR THE STAR.
In transplanting the smaller kinds of
plants, a wet time 1s to be chosen, and the
evening is better than any other time. As
much of the earth should be left round the
roots, as possible, in taking them out of
the ground ; and ifthey are raised with a
little instruinent called a Gardener’s trow
¢l, by which a bunch of earth can be rais
cd with them, they will be the better for it.
The hole where they are set should be
well watered, and the water should be pre
viously well warmed by the sun.
For the times of transplanting different
plants, and the distancas they are to be set
apart, see the different articles which are
the subjects of this operation.—(larmer’s
Assistant.
TerTtErß Wonm.—After I had the tetter
nearly twenty years on iy hand, and had
used dollars’ worth of celebrated tetter
ointment, which took off the skin repeated
ly without effecting a cure, a friend advis
cd me to obtain some Blood Root, (called
also Red Root, lndian Paiunt, &c.) to slice
it in vinegar and afterwards wash the place
affected with the liquor. Idid so, and in
a few days the dry scurf was removed, and
my diseased hand was whole as the other.
—[American Farmer.
ON THE PARTIAL CONVERSION OF IroN IN-
T 0 “TEL%.
It is frepuently highly desirable to
form articles of iron, which may after
wards be superficially converted into
steel. In the instance of rasps for the
use of sculptors, it s indeed particularly
necessary; as thereby, whilst the teeth
on their surfaces, are so hard gs usual,
the rasps admit of being bent into any
form of curvature, suitable to the intend
ed purposes, The Kditor, through the
kinduess of that eminent sculptor, the
jate Mr James Smith, is now possessed
of a half round rasp, made in Italy,
which fully possesses the admirable qual
ities above alluded t» and indeed, during
the late war, such rasps were become ex
ceedingly scarce and trcar. Now it is ev
ident that such rasps need only be made
of iron, and their surfaces afterwards case
hardencd in a slight degree, entirely to
rescmble the Italian rasps.
A similar advaotage 1s likewise obtain
ed, in forming slender articles of pure
iron; such as that afforded by decarbo
nating cast steel, and afterwards case
hardening them slightly; as thereby,
their surfaces are fitted to receive a high
polish, whilst their interior still tontinues
soft and tough; and, therefore, the arti
cles are less liable to break in use, than
if they were made of steel, or case hard
‘ened throughout.
O~ Horse NAIL sTUB IRON, FOR GUN BAR
RELS, OFFICIAL SEALS, STOP COCKS, &c.
Old horse nails, which, to be fit for use,
are neccssarily made of the softest and
toughest iron, are collected throughout
the ‘country, on purpose for this use;
these are first agitated and rubbed against
each other, in an angular box of iron,
turning round continually, until the great
est part of the rust, which was upon them
when collected, is rubbed off: they are
then straightened, and driven tight into
hoops of'iron, with the heads ang points
oprosite'to each other, till the hoop will
hold no more; when the mass is fit for be
ing welded, and drawn out into any other
form, for use, as a very soft veined iron,
for making twisted gun barrels and large
office lc:fl, which latter, after being en
graved, are case hardened; and also for
making stop cocks, and other apparatus
for performing experiments in chymistry,
wherein mercury is cmployed, and the
use of brass must be consequeatly exclud
ed.
To serecT Aprre GRaFTINGS, Apples
containing a large portion of saccharine
matter, will nake m'm' that will preserve
the longest. This property ean be easily
WARREN, R. 1. SATURDAY MORNING, MARCH 27, 1830,
distinguished,by plunging them in a strong
solution of salt and water ; the poorest sort
will keep nearest to the surface. In thiy
manner graftings can be taken from the
best sorts.
MORAL & RELIGIOUS.
What has bécome of those youthful
hands we pressed with youthful ardor—
around whose necks our arm was fondly
thrown—whose mirth, whose pains, we
shared, whose wrongs we were ever rea
dy to avenge—in whom we confided ?<
for the danfit influence of suspicions was
then unfelt. Some of them have been
gathered to the mansions of death; in the
spring of their days;while they ‘dreamed’
of ‘ many a marrow gay’—some, upon
whose devoted heads the storms of mis
fortune have pitilessly pelted,have sought
far from their homes, a foreigin grave—
some have quaffed the cup which smiling
pleasure offered—they are now treading,
with hasty footsteps,the broad road whose
end is ruin—some have been ¢ marked’
by ¢ melancholly; for her own,” and move
through life ‘in hopeless brokeness of
heart’—some are far away, tossed on the
stormy ocean, or pursuing fortune in oth
er clime, exposed to peath from the roar
ing wave, or inhaling the pestilential
breeze. Of how few can it be said,their
path has always been prosperous ! Those
may be considered as fortunate, and
should be contented, who can say, we
float along the stream of time—it is now
gentle and ealm—now rough and turbu
lent—its banks are often adorned with
gay and beautcous lardscapes—though
our prospeets are sometimes bounded by
dark and barren rocks, as we advance we
are still greeted with smiling spots of ver
dure—but long tracts of cheering sterility
too frequently meet pur gaze. Happy is
he whose bosom is sway, and whose aet
ions are directed, by the expectations of
a heaven of inimitable felicity.
The mind, like the body, requires ex
ercise ; inaction produces similar eflects
in both., The individual who [indulges in
sloth and indolence—who, hour after
hour, lolls, in listless stupidity, upon his
casy chair, or lounges all day upon the
couch of laziness, must inevitably become
encervated and enslaved. The blocd
erecps reluctantly through its wonted chan
nels, and the fountains of life, powe:less
and without excitement, secm to
¢ Cream and mantle as a standing poci.’
So> with the mind ; its latent enesgies
must be aroused—its resources oxplored
and its faculticsfbrought into active oper
ation. Without these effurts, the human
intellect lies wholly torpid—a prey to ig
norance and weakness—and like some
bediidden hypechondriac, a fit subjeet to
be wrought upon by knaves and imposters.
LADIES DEPARPMENT.
WOMEN.
The good govermment of families lcads
to the comfort of communitica and the wel
fare of the state. Of every domestic cir
cle, home, that scene of purest and dearest
joy, home is the empire of women. There
she plans, dirccts, performs the acknowl
edged scource of dignity and felicity.
W?\ere female virtue is most pure, female
sense most improved, female deportment
was correct, there is most propriety of so
cial manners. The early years of child
hood, these most precious years of life
‘and opening scason, are confined to wom
‘an’s superintendance, she therefore ma
be presumed to lay the foundation of a{;
the virtue, and all the wisdom that enrich
the world.—[ Eng. Lit. Gaz.
ADVICE TO LADIES.
An ancicnt writer gives the following
advice:—*¢ Lovely creatures! take well
this advice, formed to wipe off the blem
ishes in your conduct; some of which are
rather the fiults of your education and
your situation in the world, than your nat
ural dispositions.
¢ If you would be truly valuable, es
teem not yourselves chiefly according to
your money and lands, neither of your
beauty, but on the grace of your person
and mind; read a little more; read divin
ity, morality, history; innocent poetry,
and the stories of generous lovers.
“ You dress well and have the belle air
and mien; be as polite in your language
as in your dress, and learn to write in a
neat style, | mean so as to be able to
write on all occasions, not as scholars but
as gentlewomen.-——An you are in*‘eniu-,
a little application forma you good house
wives, but to improve the beauties of the
mind and carriage Wwill cost no more,
Blend both accomplishments together.
and do not as some, be mutes and statutes
in company, as others, perpetual drums.
No longer be won by faces witb%ninle
head to them; neither mistakes a low bow
for pure good manners, nor powdered
head-for quality, norfa laced coat for an
estate; servile cringing for true love, nor
a smooth tongue for sense. Above all,
do not mistake wit3for wisdom, and cast a
benign and tender [eye on him who has
steagy manly virtue, and prudence ia his
conduct, and gives fair hopes of his_ mend
ing at heart the main chance.”
MOTHERS.
The following is from Buckminster.
“If any thing in life deserves to be
considered as at once the exquisite bliss
and pre-eminent duty of a mother, it is
this—to watch the dawning disposition
and capacity of a favorite clr:fid; to'discov
er the earliest buds of thought; to feed
with useful truth the exquisitiveness of a
young and curious mind; to direct the
eyes yet unsullied with the waters of con
trition, to a benefactor; to lift the little
hand yet unstained with vice, in ;‘)’rayer to
their Father who is in heaven. But so it
is. The child, as soon as it is released
from the bondage of the nurse, and needs
no longer a careful eye to look after its
steps, and guard it from external injury, is
too often surrendered to preceptors, some
of whom are employed to polish the sur
face ofthe character, and regulate the mo
tions of the limbs, others to furnish the
memory, and accomplish the imagination,
while religion gets admission as she can,
sometimes in aid of authority, and some
times ina Saturday’s task or a Sunday’s
‘icculiaritly, but how rarcly as a sentiment.
‘heir little hearts are made to flutter with
vanity, encouraged to pant with emula
tion, persuaded to contract with parsimo
ny, allowed to glow with revenge, or re
duced to absolute numbness by worldli
ness andlcares, before they have ever felt
a sentiment of devotion, or beat with a
pulsation of sorow for an offence, or grat
itude for a benefit, in the presence of
Giod,
RECIPES.
Cagt.~—Onec tea cup of butter, two of
nu%ar, three of flower, and four eggs.
Jookies.—One tea cup of butter, one
of sagar, one egg, and flour.
To porr Ham.—lt should be boiled in
a large quantity of water, and that for a
long time—one quarter of an hour for each
pound--~the ham is most pdlatable when
cold, and should be sent to the table with
eggs, horse-radish, and mustard. This
aifords a cheap repast at any time of the
dav.
Breap Pupping.—One pound of soft
bread or biscnit, soaked in one quart of
milic, run through a sieve or cullender; add
seven eggs, three quarters of a pound of
sugur, one quarter of a pound of butter,
nutmeg, cinnamon, one gill rose-water,
one pound of raisins, half a pint of milk;
bake three quarters of an hour, middl'mgl
hot oven. |
Rice Puppinc.—Half pint of rice, six
ounces of sugar, two puarts of milk, salt,
butter, and alspice, put cold into a hot ov
en, bake two hours and a hakf.
Inpian Puppine.—Three pints of scal
ded milk, seven spoonsful of fine Indian
meal, stir well together while hot, let it
stand until cooled, add four eggs, half
pound of butter, spices and sugar—bake
four hours.
HEALTH DEPARTMENT.
LYINGIN BED.
No pieee of indulgence hurts the health
more than the modern custom of lying in
bed too long in the morning. This is the
generl practice in great towns. The in
habitants of cities never rise before eight
or nine o’clock, but the morning is undoubt
edly the best time for exercise, while the
stomach is empty, and the body refreshed
with sleep. ]gesidcs the morning air brac
es and strengthens the nerves, and in some
measure answers the purpose of a cold
bath. Let any one who has been accus
tomed to lie a bed till eight or nine o’clock,
rise at six or seven,spend a couple of hours
in walking, riding, or any other active di
version within doors, he will find his spir
its cheerful and serene through the u.f:ty,
his appetite keen, and his body braced and
strengthened. Custom soon rendors eurly
rising agreeable, and nothing contributes
more to the preservation of health. The
inactive are coustantly complaining of
pains in the stomach, flatulericies, indiges
tion, &c. These complaints which pave
the way to many others, are not to be re
moved by medicines ; they can only be cur
ed bfl a rigorous course of exercise, to
which indeed they seldom fail to yield. Tt
consista with observation, that all very
old men have been early risers.—Tbis is
OFFICENO 2
the only circumstance attending longevity,
to which I never knew an exception.
Hzat anp Corp.—The cbufiu of tem
perature, which occur more or less in alt
clinates are, when not extreme, exceed
ingly salutary to the vital functions, and
not, as the vulgar believe, generally inju
rious. The impression of a cold atmos
phere on the surface, when not too long
continued, is precisely that of a cold bath,
and, like it, produces a reaction on the
part of the heart, which, indirectly, even
accelerates the circulation in the capillar
ies on the surface. When the body is
confnedta s temperature perfectly uni
form, the circulation is observed to be
come sluggish, especially in the capillar
ies. There are then wanting those peri
ods of excitement which rouse the ener
gies of the orguns, and, by opportune ex
ercise, increase their powers.—[Jour. of
Medicine.
THE GATHERER.
Restorine THe Har.—A singular
case is mentioned in the last volume of the
Medical Journal, of the complete restora
tion of the hair of the head, in a person
who had become quite bald, by the use of”
a'solution of sulphate of copper in French
brandy. Asthe application, when used
only once a day, cannot be injurious, it is
worth a trial in cases of baldncss.
Give liberty of conscience to all men,
said the amiable FEngroN, not as if all o~
pinions are alike indifferent, but that it is
our duty patiently to permit that which
God permits, and to lead men from the
deviation of error, by the sweet and gen
tle powers of persuasion.
l?gnelon had all that was good in heart,
and all that was fine in his head, and never
made use of the latter but to advance the
former. This character was given of the
archbishop by a very sensible Swiss and
probably no one deserved so high a char
‘acter better.
The following is the copy of a note' sent
to a parish clerk in England—*‘ Mister,
my wief is ded and wants to be berrid; dig
a grief for her and she shall come' andl b
berrid to morror at wonner clock. You
knows where to dig it, elos¢: by my ether
wief, but let it be Ep.."
Hixts oy Heartu.—“ A man,” says
Sir William Temple, “ has but these four
things to choose out of~—to exercise daily,
to be very tcvtspcrale, or to take physic, fiw
be sick.” e may venture to assert, with
a much later writer, that the priacipal se=
crets of health are, early rising, exercise,
personal cleanliness, and leaving the ta~
ble wnoppressed.
! Rures ror T™HE WEATHER.—A wet
'summer is always followed by a frosty wine
ter, but it happens occasionally that the
[cold extends no father. Two remarkable
‘instances of this oecurred in 1807-8 and
1813-14. With these exceptions, every
frosty winter has been followed by & cold
summer. The true cause of cold, or rath
er the direct cause, is to be found in the
winter excess of west wind, every winter
with excess of west wind being followed
by a cold summer; and if there 1s no cold
before, or during a first excess, then a sec
ond exeess of west wind occusions a still’
colder summer than the first. It also &
pears, by repeated experience, that c:T;
does not extend to more than two years at
a time. Again, if the winter excess of
the east wind be great, in the first instance
the winters will %e mild, and followed by
mild summers; while the summer excess
of east wind is itself; in the first instance,
always mild; but uniformily followed by
cold winters and cold summers, which con«
tinue more or less for one or two years, ace
(i;rding to circumstonces.—[ Mag. of N at-,
is.
Whenever you sce. & man spending his.
time in lonpging. about the sireets tagki
palitice, you need not ¢xpect that he has
money to lend,
Wheneyer you sec young men spending.
their leisure hours a: some resort of gam
ing or sume other amusement, it i, t%u\
sign that they will uever be great mens
MARKET-ST.