PEOPLE «ROUSED
OVER R, R, PLÄNE
ANNOUNCEMENT BY N. P. AND a
N. HEIGHTENS HOPE
SEE RICHET-LEWISTOWN LINE
Territory to Traverse Largest Single
District In Entire Nerthweat '
Without Railroad
People of the whole state of Mon
tana and especially those who reside
in the district between Richey and
Lewistown are greatly interested in
the announcement that the Northern
Pacific and the Great Northern rail
roads are laying plans to immediately
construct steam lines to the Circle
district
The country extending from these
two points, a distance of approximate
ly 200 miles, and from Miles City to
the Great Northern main line, about
125 miles, comprising an area of more
than 25,000 square miles of territory.
Is the largest single region in the
northwest which is still without ade
quate transportation facilities.
Activities by the big lines has
brought renewed hope to the minds of
the people throughout the entire dis
trict that a railroad from Richey to
Lewistown may not be an idle dream.
The Northern Pacific extension as
announced by President Donnelly
will run northward from Glendive to
Brockway and Circle. This branch
and the proposed new line In the Bit
ter Root from Florence through Stev
ensvllle will cost about
The Great Northern will build from
Richey to Circle, a distance of 33
miles, at a cost of $900,000.
The announcements by officials of
the two roada of their Intention to
build In eastern Montana followed the
sale of the Milwaukee at Butte. These
announcements also brought out the
information that the Soo and the Mil
waukee had surveying parties in the
same portions of the state.
$4,000.000
STATE TABLOIDS
Ths new $30,00» bridge across the
Milk river at Havre will be open for
traffic about January 1. •
The California deep test well be
ing drilled in the Cat Creek field is
now down over 4,000 feet, it is said.
More than $4,000 has been subscrib
ed by the farmers toward the con
struction of a new creamery at Cul
bertson.
It Is reported that a manufacturing
plant to build steel railroad cars Is
to be located at Lkarel, Yellowstone
county. •
With the bringing In of 10 wells
the past week the Kevin-Sunburst
feltd had a total of 651 commercial
producing oil wells.
Nearly $50,000 went Into the state
highway fund last month as the pro
ceeds of United States royalties from
oil operations on federal lands in Mon
tana.
: A leasing campaign in the Head
light valley near Cut Bank is to be
launched In the near future with the
idea of giving the structure a tost for
oil.
A subscription list for stock in the
Windham Agricultural Hall assocu
tlon is being circulated. It Is esti
mated that the ball will cost around
$3,600.
County commissioner« of Silver
Bow county hare voted to donate to
the government on 80-acro tract as a
landing field if an air mail route pass
ing through Butte is established.
Compulsory military training at thé
Montana Slat* hBRMWPREE,
- : which is being a g ita te d toy students,
was put to a vote, and of the 279
expressing a preference, there were
173 for and 106 against.
Montana hall, one of the oldest
buildings of the Bozeman State col
lege campus, which has been in proc
of being remodeled since last
Juqe. will be ready for use again by
January 1, it is announced.
Several large Montana daily news
papers are offering special prises on
corn and pure seeds for the Thir
teenth Annual State Corh and Pure
Seed show, which wilt be held at Sid
ney, January 26, 27 and 28.
When the Havre high school foot
ball team returned home last Satur
day from Butte, where it had wrested
- jjhe state championship from Missou
la by s score of 39 to 18, more than
one thousand Havre citizens were at
- the depot to welcome the heroes.
Harry Jacobi, largest indlvldoal
owner of black foxes in the state,
whose ranch is situated on Hie Teton
river, boa Just co mplet e d vaccinating
the foxes as prevention of distemper.
At the present time Mr. Jacobi's foxes
number 60: He has sold a large num
ber during the last year. Many of
them are sold as pups to other breed
ers, and some as pelts. Mr. Jacobi sold
18 pelts lost year that average $305
per pelt ~
ess
C, 8 . Milhiser, manager of the Sid
ney factory of the Holly Sugar com
pany, reports that the 1926 sugar cam
paign was very satisfactory both from
the standpoint of the company and the
farmer.
Etforta are being made to raise
$40,000 in the sale of Christmas seals
by the MonUna Tuberculosis associa
tion. ...
Much interest is manifest among
ers in the report that black bass
I been caught -In the Fathead
ongt
river
SEASON IS FAVOfUBLE
fob me ran
State Summary Shows That Supply of
Animal Food la Better Than
for a Year Ago
The feed supply situation in dis
tricts of Montana where winter feed
ing is done, excepting the hay feed
ing section of the Big Hole bulb. Is
favorable for some Increase in feed
ing of cattle, aheap and iarahe over
that of last season, according to a
summary of the situation issued by
the state department of agriculture
at Helena.
In the feet factory areas of Billings.
Sidney and Chinook, supplies of pulp
will total larger than last year, as
will also grain feeds except corn, with
apparently about the same supplies of
hay and roughage as a year ago, al
though hay is priced about $1 per ton
higher, due to a somewhat shorter
state crop than last year.
Prices of feeding cattle hare ranged
about the same level as a year ago.
although the recent tendency has
been to strengthen, while sheep and
lambs going on feed have been se
cured at lower prices than a year ago
with the recent tendency of further
weakening of prices, especially in the
caae of old sheep.
From present indications there will
be some increase in numbers fed in
the factory areas of Chinook and Sid
ney and in the upper Yellowstone val
ley. with indications of decreases in
some sections of the lower Yellow
stone and Big Hole basin hay feeding
section of Beaverhead county.
State Farm Briefs
Twenty-two cars of fattened lambs
were shipped to Chicago market from
Cascade by feeders in Chestnut val
ley.
It is expected that the new oil re
finery to be erected at Billings by the
Russell Oil company will be In opera
tion early next spring.
Net returns to Hill county hog and
cattle growers from the sale of live
stock shipped through the Hill County
Marketing association during the last
three years ending November 20. was
$229,998.95
The Northern Montana Alfalfa
Growers' association of Blafne coun
ty has already sold fonr carloads of
seed, receiving 18 cents for No. 1 com
mon. In addition to this, several small
Mies have been made direct to cua
tamers.
During September, October and No
vember stockmen of northwestern
Rosebud county shipped more than
376 cars of livestock, consisting of
cattle, horses, sheep and hogs, over
the Milwaukee railway. The ship
ments represented approximately 65,
000 head of livestock.
Three families from Britt, Iowa, ar
rvled in Hamilton to make their
homes in the Bitter Root valley. They
are Mr. and Mrs. Victor Lameroux,
Mr. and Mrs. William Hefner and Mr.
and Mrs. F. L. Longbottom with their
children. The Iowa people are a
scouting party for others from their
home locality.
Arthur Beedle, who lives on the
Rosebud flat .near Forsyth, has seed
ed 460 acres of winter wheat this fall.
Wheat on this same field this year
yielded 23 bushels to the acre. Ap
proximately 2,000 acres have been
sown to wheat on the Rosebud flat
and in adjoining vicinity this fall, and
the grain is sprouting in good shape.
A special round trip rate of a fare'
and a half has been granted Jointly
by the Northern Pacific and the Mil
waukee railways to the annual Farm
ers' week and Montana Extension
Workers' conference at Bozeman on
January 8 to 7^ and to. the annual.,
meeting of' county extension workers
from July 8 to 12.
A series of ten successful communi
ty meetings and motion picture shows
In Phillips county, arranged by H, I*
Lan ta, county agent, were attended by
600 persons. The most valuable fea
ture of each meeting was the discus
sion of various methods of cultivation
on non-lrrlgated farms. TMs discus
sion was Illustrated by charted re
sults of dry land farming experiments
carried on at the substation and va
riety tests conducted in Phillips
county.
Montana, noted for Its copper, gold,
oil, wheat, and livestock, has one
coal mine that contributes 60 cents a
minute to upkeep o- - the state and
county. Mining its coal and loading
it on care with a single sweep of a
giant electric shovel, the Colatrlp mine
in Rosebud county, south central
Montana, produced daring the past 1$
months more than three quarter« of
a million tons, or about *6 per cent
of all the coal mined in the state, rec
ords of the state to* oo
sembled tor Us biennial
Its average over the year period waa
300 tons a working hour, running at
the production peak of 1,000 tons an
hour. It has been estimated that the
supply at the present rate of mining
will last 100 years.
show.
Due to failure to comply with all
requirements of the law, the special
election to vote on a $160,000 school
bond issue at Great Falls. December
18, will not be hold until February.
Income to the state from its oil and
gas leases shows an Increase of over
860 per cent from 1917 to 1926. /From
1917 up to and including November
24, 1928. the slate received $546.341.9*
from this source. In 191? the Income
touted only $402.60, while this year
has seen $346,017.08 flow Into the va
rlöos auu funds
Î
0
Mystery of Radio
Yet to Be Solved
"Winter Blanketing,'? Fad
ing Static, "Dead Spot»,*'
Not Understood.
There la still plenty of mystery In
radio. What do we know about the
"winter blanketing" that interfered
with reception Inst year, or about
fading and static? The use of radio
for controlling mobile bodies and the
transmission of light, heat and power
may be possible. But. excepting the
controlling of mobile bodies, few ex
periments even have been carried on
in these special problems. Short
ware transmission, the latest economi
cal and practical means of communi
cation. is still not thoroughly under
stood or mastered.
Engineers Are Puzzled.
Most engineers admit that we know
little about what hupjicns In the ether
after a message leaves the station
until it Is received at another point,
and In this field alone, considerable
research must be carried out. Only
a short time ago several congressmen
Indulged In a vigorous debate over
what ''ether" was. and as a result the
word, usually used to describe the
media through which radio waves are
Audio Amplification
Intensely Developed
The modern audio amplifying sys
tem Is one branch of the radio set
which has been under intense devel
opment. There are three major audio
systems In use today. These are
transformer, resistance and Impedance
amplifiers. Which Is the best is a
mutter of conjecture, and engineers
will never agree In this matter.
However, audio reproduction Is a
matter of taste, and the type of am
plifier that one likes best is Judged
purely by ear. It is a good practice
to hear the various amplifiers before
building one.
At one time It was generally accept
ed that the resistance amplifier was
superior to all other forms, but trans
former engineers got busy and the re
■alt is that a large majority of ex
perts prefer the modern transformer
system. The new transformers do not
have the limitations of the old. Most
of the new transformers reproduce
over the entire scale without favoring
any particular band. The capacity
has been kept at a minimum, and the
transformer Iron which Is used today
does not saturate as did previous ma
terial.
If one has an old audio amplifier
It would pay him to equip or have the
set equipped with modern transform
ers or other audio systems. He will
find a remarkable difference In re
production. .
Improved design of audio frequency
amplifiers has also brought forward
high-voltage amplifiers which are com
monly called power amplifiers. Such
an amplifier furthers the Improvement
In audio quality for preventing over
loading of the power tube. The power
amplifier usually consists of one stage
of audio frequency, a tube,
power
rectifier tube and a step-up transform
er for Increasing the voltage of the
house current and a fitter system to
smooth out the plate voltage.—St.
Louis Post-Dispatch.
|
Greater Volume, Tone
Wonderfully Improved
Circuits have been modified to per
mit the use of sensitive detector and
powerful amplifier tubes brought out
in the last year, thereby g;vtug the
receivers greater volume -and a de
cided tone Improvement.
The most efficient power amplifier
tubes so far released, such as the
UX-171 and CX-371, are so designed
that their greatest sensitivity Is at
tained when applying around 180 volts
ob the plate and using 40 volts of "C"
battery.
This has brought about the neces
sity for ample current supply. When
using over 200 volt« of "B" battery,
the apace requirements and mainte
nance coats Increase to burdensome
amount» The new power tube alone
requires a current of 20 mil lea in pe res,
which, when combined with the drain
from the other tubes, lowers the volt-,
age of a battery block to the point
where distortion In reception occurs.
So "B" eliminators are rapidly grow
ing In popularity.
Great strides have been made to
utilizing the one Inexhaustible sup
ply of electric current—the house
lighting supply—for taking the place
of batteries for the plate supply. This
Is accomplished by stepping up the
regular alternating current and pass
ing it through a suitable rectifier àoé
filter system to produce smooth d. c.
without pulsations or ripples.
Theiy> are also a number of "A"
power units and they bid fair to in
crease rapidly.
When the line voltage goes op or
down, as la the caae where isolated
power plants supply the current, the
slightest variation upsets the bal
ance, uni
ages are supplied from the same
source when variations In "R" .volt
age are offset by variation« im "C"
voltage and the result log piste cur
the "B'' and "C" volt
sent, was left out of proposed legisla
tion. since the congressmen could not
agree on what It was.
Among a few of the other mysteries
of radio which still withstand the ef
forta of science are the effects of fSe
Aurora Borealis and sun spots on
radio and the cause of the so-called
dead'spots, where reception of prac
tically any -type of radio waves seems
i m p o ssi b le . 1 -
Although many practical uses have
been found for radio, there are many
possibilltles which only the far-sighted
scientists can predict and only the
skilled and experienced engineers can
carry out.
Radio for Many Uses.
The adaptation of radio has been
applied to many practical uses besides
ordinary communcntion. It Is used to
operate relays which throw switches
In power bouses at considerable dis
tances from the main plant ; It is nsed
In several ways to aid navigators of
the sea and air, and Is now being
adapted to railroads as a means of
control and as a safety device. It is
also found of great benefit In trans
mitting tlfne signals practically
throughout the world, which enables
scientists and explorers to establish
accurately points on the surface of
the earth. Its use In peace is general,
and its use in war includes many ap
plications besides for comm ont cation,
which the military and naval authori
ties will not reveal or discuss.
rent value remains balanced at the
point of best tone quality.
This radio power supply unit will
deliver 85 roilleampers at 200 volts,
with the detector voltage variable
from 5 to 90 volts, the Intermediate
amplifier "B" supply from 20 to 125
volts and each "C" supply from none
to 45 volts Individually, thereby per
mitting the exact voltages to be nsed
to operate the tubes In the receiver
at their greatest efficiency.
Ground Deep Enough to
Strike Moist Earth
Tests made by the United States
bureau of standard» indicate that the
ejectrlcal resistance of ground con
nections Is very much higher at some
places than at others. By plotting
these places on a map, it has been
found that they were In tracts hav
ing sandy soli and subsoil, throdgh
which the rain passed down to a lew
ground-water level. As a ground con
nection. which is generally made hy
driving an iron pipe Into the ground,
must reach a moist place In order to
be roost effective, the pipes had to be
driven deeper than usual in these
sandy places.
Some years ago the geological sur
vey of the Department of the Interior
made a careful study of the ground In
and around Chicago and mapped the
shores of a lake which was In existence
at the close of the great Ice ape. By
reference to this map, an electric com
pany of Chicago took advantage of the
work of the survey and drove their
grounds to the required depth.
For the reason stated, grounds vary
In efficiency In different sections.
Where pipes must be driven for a
ground, they must go deep enough to
strike moist soil, '
HINTS FOR RADIO FANS
The plate voltage for detector tubes
k varies with each tube.
• Radio waves penetrate Insnlating
iMrterts). hot are absorbed by metal. -
Two or three weeks is about as long
as the average battery lasts on one
charge.
A radio listener who* Insistently
twists the dials of Ms or her set might
be compared to a "movie" fan who
entered and left fifteen or twenty dif
ferent motion picture theaters In a
night.
When erecting the aittenna. make
sure Insulators are glazed and corru
gated so water will ran off before It
adds bothersome resistance,
make provision for lowering the an
tenna occasionally so the Insulators,
and even the wire Itself can be wiped
free of dirt.
A good way to clean a crystal which
has lost its sensitiveness Is to im
merse it In ether. Place the crystal
In a small bottle containing ether,
shake the bottle vigorously, after
which remove the crystal with ä pair
of tweezers. The crystal should re
turn to Its normal strength.
The number of turn« specified for a
coll of given diameter will vary ac
cording to the dielectric constant, or
type of insolation material, of the coil.
If the tube has an onosualiy low
dielectric value, more turns will be
needed, and if the vaine la high, fewer
turns will do.
For local «tattoo*, for Instance, the
find sadio atag« I« usually
Also
When wiring a radio receiver
which oses a variable condenser for
tuning the secondary circuit, the sta
tionary piste« should be connected to
the grid of the detector tube. Of
course the rotary plate« should be
connected to the filament side of the
coil.
Never use more tubes than are suf
fielen? for the results desired. It fre
quently happens that Inexperienced,
operators will have more tubes bam
tug'than are necessary, and then de
-tune to lesest) the vol
-.—
•—a
THE WORLD'S
GREAT EVENTS
ALBERT PAYSON TERHUNE
by Dodd, Mead A Company )
Charte» V
A GOUTY old man sat In a mon
astery cell, surrounded by doz
ecs of clocks and watches.
people think ailkar <
The old clock f anci er was C T ia Hea V,
who had given up affairs of state at
the age of fifty-six, and who was
spending the two remaining years of
his life In monastic retirement. He
had had a half century of experiences
such as lent a certain pathos to his
complaint about the clocks. Born In
IV)« to the greatest power ever In
herited by mortal man, he had risen
to heights reached by no other rnier
of his century and had lived to see
his roost cherished plana fall to pieces.
Here are some of the titles that
Chariea fell heir to. as a* mere boy:
the archduchy of Austria, the sover
eignty of the Netherlands the king
doms of Spain. Sicily and Navarre,
and the rulershlp of all Spain's
American possessions. In addition to
this, when only nineteen, he was
chosen emperor of Germany, and at
twenty-six was crowned king of Italy,
He ruled four nations which had noth
Ing in common and no ties of mutual
Interest. These facts, of course, led
to endless rivalries, revolts and inter
national complications.
Moreover, a throng of outside ene
*\ cannot even make two clocks Ock
in unison," he whined pee^aWy "No
wonder I failed to make millions of
mies rose against the young monarch
Francis k king of France, who had
been one of his competitors for the
German crown, promptly declared war
on him. seizing the duchies of Milan
and Burgundy, which Charles regard
ed as his own. Soliman, the Magnifi
cent (under whom, from 1520 to 1560,
Turkey reached Its pinnacle of great
ness). Invaded Hungary, advancing to
the very walls of Vienna, and, with
tils fleets, held the Mediterranean,
menacing Italy and Spain. The Neth
erlands, too, were ripening for revolt,
while a furious revolution broke out
in Spain.
Added to this, an Angnstinian monk
it Germany. Martin Luther, defied the
pope, protested against certain tenets
of the Catholic church and advanced
a "reformed" creed. He drew to him
thousands of Germans, his adherents
becoming known as " Protestants."
. The security of the Catholi c church,
of which Charles was the acknowl
edged champion, was thus menaced.
Altogether he had his hands full.
To beat back France's armies on
the Flemish frontier and In Italy, to
check the Turks on the Mediterranean
and In his own duchy of Austria, to
stem the tide of religions disagree
ments and to reconcile clashing politi
cal parties—this was the task before
hlfn. He entered on an eight-year
war with France, during which he
drove the French from Italy and cap
tured King Francis. He forced a hu
miliating treaty on Francis, This the
latter at once brolee, but In a second
war was again beaten.
Soliman led a great Turkish army
over the German frontier and Charles
advanced In person to meet him, and
drove the Turks back to their own
territory. Then *Francis, forming an
alliance with Soliman, again invaded
Italy. But Charles opposed the al
lies so successfully that they were
soon glad to sign a treaty of peace.
The revolt In Spain was put down
and the Netherlands Cor the time ap
peased. so Charles had at last time
to attend to the Reformation, which,
under Luther, Melancthon and other
teachers, had by tlis time swept Ger
many from end to end.
peror had cr ush e d every mUttacy ft»
and had humiliated every royal rival ;
but here, in this new religious move
ment at home, he found an opponent
ne could not conquer—a power that
throve under persecutio n.
Council after council was held,
Kheme after scheme proposed. Com
promises were suggested, but found
favor with neither party. As If this
one setback had undermined his whole
edifice of greatness, so the failure
of Charles In reconciling the religious
sects was followed by a aeries of new
disappointment» and misfortunes. He
bad hoped to bequeath all his power
and possessions to his son Philip, but
to this the German electors would
So be foresaw that on
The era
not agree,
his death the mighty one-man empire
he held would be split up as bad
those of Alexander and Charlemagne.
To add to his worries, Henry II (son
of Francis I) of France, backed by
other rulers. Invaded Germany and
captured several Important citiea,
notably Metx. Charles sought to re
capture Metz, but failed, and until
1870 It remained in French hands.
Charles made one more throw
the dice against fate. He arranged a
marriage between his son I'M Up and
Queen Mary of Bpgiand, thna forming
English alliance tp strengthen Ms
power and that of the Catholic
But the couple had no chib
an
own
church.
dren to perpetuate thg scheme.
His most cherished plans set at
naught, his own subjects refusing to
be guided by him In matters of re
ligion. his health broken, his terri
tory successfully Invaded, his »on de
tarred from Inheriting hla chief po»
sessions —the combination was tqe
much for the old emperor. He gave
op his throne and left to others the
helm of state which would no longei *
obey hla enfeebled hand
fils was that saddest of teres : The
fate of the agm who outlives the
greatsesa ha 6
V
If Back Hurts
Begin on Salts
Fluet» Your ■ Kidneys Occasionally
, «BT. Drinking Quarts of
Good Water
No man or woman can make a mis
take by flashing the kidneys occaslon
9 ' well-known authority,
rich .food creates acid»
whlctTclog the kidney pores so that
they sluggishly filter or strain only
: 2S
Too
put.«« (be w aatu and poisons from
the blood. Then yon get sick. Rheu
matism, headaches, liver -trouble,
nervousness, constipation, dizziness,
sleeplessness, bladder disorders often
rome from slngglsh kidneys.
The moment yon feel a doll ache In
the kidneys or your back harts, or If
the nrine is cloudy, offensive, fall of
sediment, irregular of passage, or at
. tended by a sensation of scalding, be
gin to drink soft water in quantities;
also get about four ounces of Jad
Saits from any reliable pharmacy and
take a tablespoonful in a glass of wa
ter before breakfast for a few days
and yonr kidneys may then act fine.
This famous salts is made from the
acid of grapes and lemon Juice, com
bined with lithla, and has been nsed
for years to help flush clogged kid
neys and stimulate them to activity,
also to help neutralize the acids in
the system so they no longer cause
irritation, thus often relieving bladder
disorders.
Jad Salts is inexpensive and cannot
Injure; makes a delightful efferves
cent lithla-water drink, which every
one can take now and then to help
keep the kidneys clean and the blood
pure, thereby often preventing serions
kidney complications.
Stop Coughing
The more you cough the worse you feel,
and the more Inflamed your throat and
lunge
heal.
become. Give them » chance to
Boschee's Syrup
has been giving relief for aizt> years.
Try it 10c and 90c bottles. At all
druggists. If you esnnot get it, writ* >
to O. O. Green, Inc., Woodbury, N. J.
N Try the New
ÿ Cuticur a
M Shaving Stick
FMr Lathering
Little Pollyanna
Saw Bright Side
8 . G. writes In great dejection :
"There is nothing in life for me now
since the shattering of my firm be
lief that movie serials never end. I
have Just witnessed the tenth and last »
installment of a thriller, and the de
nouement 1» I think, worthy of note.
The sister of the villain, who compli
cates the plot dreadfully by being the
finest little woman in the world, rides
np on her galloping steed to the scene
of a bloody combat between the hero
and the shameless rascal, but only our
hero Is visible, his bead bloody but
unbowed. . =«
"'Where,' pants she, 'where Is my
brother?'
"Onr hero walks with bowed head
to the edge of the cliff, and points to
the ledge below where the villain lies .
crashed to a palp.
. " 'Oh, well,' says onr little Polly- •
anna, 'he was only my half-brother,
anyway.' ''—Kansas City Times.
Trace Scarce of
Rheumatic HU
Rheumatism long has been regarded
as a more or less harmless, though ^
often painful, affliction. Today, how
ever, medical men who have made a
special study of the disease are con
vinced that what la commonly classed
as "only rheumatism" may actually be
any one of a number of serious nerv
ous disorders.
Some remarkable discoveries hav»
quite recently been made by Dr. Henry
P. De Forçât of New York city, and
Dr. Horace Q. Baldwin of Tanner»
ville, N. Y. They have fonnd that va
rious forms of "rheumatic" ilia are
due to mechanical nerve Irritation,
and that the seat of the Irritation ap
parently lies in a Joint at the base ol
the back. By setting this little bone
In place they claim to have brought
relief to sufferers.
Power Cable Under Sea
Electricity at 60,000 volts pres
sure Is now being carried by a sub
marine cable serosa the Baltic sea
from Helsingfors, Finland, to Copen
hagen. Denmark, where it la nsed for
lighting and industrial purposes.
All the Same to Her
She—What la meant by the pipe of
peace?
He—I can't Imagine! Never smoked
a pipe in the house yet bat my wife
made a fuss over it
Bette? be silent than speak 111.
SSI
c
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