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DPENDNT trsk of s ba sorbe a nOs mtter. heck, or psut.l o. a O *llto u S ndepenth." bb Sexcluding Sundayl per monthb...... 7 u`day only rin advanel pr year......... 2 0s YCely [inl advance only] per yekar......... 00 Daily by carrier, per week, I seven issue].. , i HELENA, MONT., FEB. 6, 1891. W"Montanianns abroad will always find Tar DA IL NDr.YPYNDENT oJ file at their favorite hotels: Fifth Avenue and Metropolitan. New York; Grand Pacific, Chiango: West, Minneapo l'a: BIaldwin and Palace, San Franoisco; McDer. mu0t, Butte: Loland Hotel. Springficld.l1l. SUiGAR MAKING IN MONTANA. In no part of the world can the sugar beet be grown to better perfection than in the soil of our Montana valleys. All that;, needed to build up a great and profltkble industry in. our state is the establishment here pf a factory .to util ize the neverfailinf. crops'that we can raise., -Mr. Arthur ,Stayner, the well knowb beet sugar manutfacturer, of New York. has undertaken the erection of just such a factory at Salt Lake as we ought to have in Helena. In response to a request for facts in regard to the industry, Mr. Stayner writes to a corre spondent: With a plant costing not more than $400, 000 you can manufacture pure white sugar for from three and one-half cents to three and three-quarters a pound-that is from one to one and one-quarter centaleas money than you can buy the raw sugar for. In the case I represent the whole amount of money expended is kept at home; in the other case the whole cost of raw material soes out away from home. The net profit of a beet sugar factory making white sugar can be made to reach 50 per cent., and in addition to this, the government for the next fifteen years gives a bounty of two cents a pound (on the sugar manufactured or produced in the United States, not on the' refining), which would make 30 to 40 per cent more. A factory such as I mention above can be made to pkoduca enough sugar for a popu lation of 175,000 persons, and every dollar of it produced in the state, nota penny goes out, and at a comfortable profit of 60 to 75 per dent.. My principle is, first and foremost, build up our own country and neighborhood, make our own people, farmers, laborers, mechanics, etc., comfo.rtable and as wealthy as possible, and then furnish to others, but our own neighbors first, This may be self ish, but it is prudent; we make our farmers rich, and we benefit by their wealth, and sw with every other branch of business. SYtepresent a firm of sugar factory build e~s who are able to erect a factory and run itthe first season, capable of performingj what I have stated above, perfect in all the lastest improvements in labor and fuel-sav ing, ang in making a perfect article of pure white sugar direct from the juice; and I am sanguine in the business because I see in it an independence for our country in an ar ticle costing us $100,000,000 per annum, for which we are now dependent on other countries. I have got a company started here; our bslding is nearly up. We shall make sugar :~ the profits from this industry are what they are represented to be, why shouldn't Helena have such a factory in operation by next fall, too? Once let it be known that the factory is to be ready and our farmers will furnish the raw material. Of the wonderfdl strides that the pub lisher's art has made-in recent years, no better proof can he advanced than the latest scholastic text books. Matter and manner both are receiving the at tention they deserve. The old kind of scohool book, with its interminable pages of small type and general dreariness of look, is a thing of the past. Our chil dren may not appreciate all the advan tages they possess in bold, clear type and artistic illustration, but the benefits they are receiving are not diminished on that account. That there is no royal road to learning we know, and it would not be well if it were otherwise, for the effort expended in securing a given edu cational result is frequently of as much value as the actual result itself. But a single glance at any of the text books used in our public schools to-day will prove how much the dilliculties of the path have been emoothed away, and how much more easily the beginner in schol arship may tread the path that is set before him. Yet, in spite of all the iam provement in school books, there is no school matter surrounded with so many dilficulties as their production, choice and distribution. The people of this country have provided a grand scheme of free education for their children. They desire a universal acceptance of its benefits. School books must be cheap or their cost may serve as a bar to the end our public school systemn has in view. They must be excellent, or the system cannot accomplish all that it ought under the most fa\vorable circum stances. low to combine tihe two req uisites of cheapness and excellenco is a vexed question. California undertook to solve the dif ficulty by producing and publishing her own text books. The result, in the opinion of the state superintendent and a recent gathering of representative teachers, is a failure. .\ high level of excellence has not been attained. tof the ten books which have been pub lished out of tbh requisite series of thir teen, only two secure the approbation of the public school teachers in the state. They demand the thorough revision of the others b, competent authors, so as to adapt them to public school wants. The desideratum of cheapness has not been secured. The state board, when it has employed an author or compiler has had to pay him for his labor, whether his book was, in the eyes of education-' al experts, a success or an arrant fail ure. Eight hundred thousand dol lars have already been invested in the attempt to cheapen the supply and improve the quality puian bossr of t California are tv bor unions. The bills for that purpoon Sinow pending inall the rleislatuoral re four proposed by the democrats and the bor unions. The bills for that purpose e now pending in the legislature are tour 0 in number and all are based on the Aus tralian system. They provide for the 4 secret ofilcial ballot, secure the same ad o vantage to regular and independent can didates, and secure the voter against intimidation by providing for the pri vate booth wherein he is required to prepare his ticket. The bill of the labor unions provides for a water mark to * prevent counterfeiting, and a detachable stub to identify each ballot as it goes into the ballot box and prevent its iden tification afterward. The bill of the democratic committee allows the voter to vote for a. whole group of .presidential electors-by a sin gle mark, instead of marking each name, and also gives the workingmen the priv 1 ilege of absenting themselves from their employment for two .consecutive hours on election day without loss of pay. SIt seeems to us that the latter bill more nearly meets the practical require ments of a'good law.. It is a needless exaotion to require a voter to mark the name of every man on a long list of presidential electors. The indication of the nanme at the head of the list clearly expresses the intent of the voter and that should be sufficient. The ideal voting law is one which, while rigidly preserving the secrecy of the ballot, I hampers the voter with the fewest pos sible conditions and makes the perform- r ance of his duty simple and easy. WVirr. the bill requiring that all pub- r lic printing, both*state and county, shall be done in the state probably will meet with opposition from taxpayers in rural counties who will be compelled to pay more for their work, it will be a good a thing for the printing establishments of t Helena and Butte, as it will bring to 1i them a great deal of .county work that g now goes to St. Paul, Chicago and St. s Louis. where labor is cheaper. If the e proposed lpw is enacted our friends in tihe rural counties who have been iend- '1 ing their work east can have their orders of any sort filled at THE INDEPENDENT V job rooms, which, with the new equip- t ment now being added, including the finest bindery in the northwest, will be a the most complete west of St. Paul. II THE INDEPENDENT employs only the 3 best paid labor and lives up to the spirit of the proposed law by refusing to use in its various editions any "boiler plate" or ready-set matter purchased in the a east, where cheap labor prevails. AN overflouua g house should welcome Col. Ingersoll to-night. Every dollar of the proceeds of the lecture will go to at noble charity. Let every seat be filled. t CURRENT OPINION. Boulder Age: Prof. Traphagen, of the College of Montana, at Deer Lodge, has made analyses of the kerosene oils sold in Deer Lodge and Helena, the result of his investigations being such as to convince al most everybody that Montana is made the dumping ground for the poor and danger ous oils which the older states will not per mit to be sold within their borders. The people of this stale are compelled to pay high prices for oils which do not give half the light which they should and which besides expose life and property to destruc tion through their high explosive properties. As a consequence of Prof.. Traphagen's in vestigations, there is a movement on foot to secure the enactment of a law to prohibit the sale of oils below a certain standard, both as to lighting powers and explosive properties. This movement will have the hearty support of the Age and probably of all the people of Jefferson county. Seattle Post-lntelligencer: The legisla ture, if it has time at this session, might pass a law defining the term "colonel," as applied to civilians, and declaring who shall be entitled to wear it. Lately it has become the practice to apply the prefix to persons whose most striking characteristic is that they are fat, or swear shockingly, or drink a great deal. 'this is abusing an honorable title. Among those civilians who undoubtedly have the right to bear the appellation are great editors, like Colonel Henry Watterson: great orators, like Colonel Patrick Henry Winston; poets, like Colonel Eugene Field; men of science, like Colonel Peter Jackson, or eminent politicians, like Colonel Nick Owings. A colonel must be a gentleman: must be a man of the world; must be popular in the community. Kentuckians are not all en titled to bear the name: and a militia colonel becomes plain "'M." at the close of his term of service. Portland Oregonian: It is high time the international seal commission set about its work of sifting truth from falsehood in the matter of the origin and habits of seal life in Bering sea. A deal of very perplexing mendacity is abroad on the subject. On the one hand, the Smithsonian agent reports that the seals are fast disappeaouring, through the ravaging of their sole breeding ground on the P'ribilo,f islands. On the other hand affidavits from persons living on the north west coast aver that they alre breeding in immiensj numbers all along the shore. It is necessary to reach some approximation to the truth about the habits of these boasts before the government can come to any practicarble agreement for their preserva tiotn. ;,pokane Chronicle: Senator Gallinger, of New liHampshire. will sit just as comfort ably in his senatorial chair as if he came by the right to warm it honestly. And Sena tor Squire will swell sufficiently with pride. no doubt, to physically fill his purchased arm chair. Philadelphia Record; The enormous wa ter power of Lake Superior is the next nat ural force to be utilized. It has been cal culated that the actual velocity and volume of water failling at Mautle Hte. Marie is 122, 00) feet per second-equivalent to 23;,000 horse-power, and it is prol)osed to con struct very extensive works in the vicinity, including blast furnaces and shipyards, pa per mills, pulp mills, flour mills and other industries. The learning of science and the ingenuity of inventors are daily suc ceeding in diminishing the waste of energy that is met with in the mechanical world, and doubtless before the century shall have closed even greater triumphs will be re corded. A, ilk Desperate nd 6 Conneotiout, the Ballnan Four weeLs of the siastea of the ,ege' Iatare Watd--Shrink. from No Plot. HArTPFOD, Feb. 5.-In the four weeks that the two houses have been In session hot one piece of public business has been tran~ kct ed. The responsibility rests wholly with the republicans, whose course from the out set has been in defiance of the constitution and the honest results of the election. The facts concerning the Bridgeport bal lots, which have conutituted one of t*e msin issues in the controversy, was presented for the first time in the house in their correct light this afternoon. The sworn statement of the democratic moderator, James Casi-n, was given by Representative Callahan, of New Haven. The moderator's statement shows that th . rejected ballots were marked in diff eent place.lsome between the letters iq the word "governor,", some in "I'týtie antugovbrrdr." The matks were crossese periods and open periods. The tickets Ztee ntt marked . alike. 'hitr was one demperatio ticket marked with a wavering, horizonal .line below the word "lieutenant-governor." It was not counted, When the count was nearly finished on the state ticket, W. E. Disbrow came in and looked at the ballots claimed to be marked and said: "These are undoubtedly marked, but I am not prepared to state how." Then Mr. Dnjbrow brought Mr. Whitney in, and Mr. Whitney took a mag nifying glass, looked at the tickets, and said the marks were made with a printing press, and that such marks made with printers' ink could not be rubbed out. Mr. Marigold, chairman of the republican town committee came in and looked at the tickets claimed to be marked. He produced several tickets, which he said were similarly marked. Counter Mullins asked him if he would agree that the tickets were marked by a pencil if the marks could be erased. To this Mr. Mari gold agreed. Mullins then borrowed a rubber from someone in. the room and proceeded to erase the marks. All agreed thatthe marks were erased. The ticket, both in printing and paper, was uninjured by the erasure. Then Mr. Marigold declared that printer's ink could be rubbed out. Up to this time Counter Buckingham had hot objected, protested, or suggested anything contrary to his first declaration. He never made an objection until so advised by Lawyer Con ley. Mr. Marigold then proposed to send for a democratic printer and leave it to him to say whether the tick ets were marked with a pencil or not. Mr. Marigold suggested it be left to Mr. Stiles, of the Farmer, or Mr. John M. Near, and finally, insisting on sending for Mr. Near, said he would abide by his decision. Mr. Near was sent for. He came and gave the tickets a very careful examination by the eye, with spectacles, and finally with the aid of a magnifying glass. After his examination he said he would stake his reputation as a printer of thirty-five years' experience that the marks were made after the ballots were printed. This affidavit of Moderator Casgin settle" the case with regard to the Bridgeport bea lots. Not a member of the Bridgeport in vestigating committee has had access to the rejected votes, and the report is based wholly on hearsay evidence. The partisan' dishonesty of the committee's report, which is to furnish reason for keeping the democratic state officers out of their rights, will appear from the attitude which is taken toward the 428 rejected double ballots throughout the state. These ballots were thrown out, while an associate ballot in each case appearing in an official envelope was counted. It is the boldest trickery to insist upon the counting of these votes in order to wipe out the democratic majority. the associate ballots were counted under the secret ballot law, and the votes thrown out were returned by the moderators as re jected. The desperation of the republican scheme is such that the leaders have shrunk from no plot that may promise to give them help. The alleged fraud in the returns in this city will not amount to anything. The discrepancy arises from the fact that the total vote for governor is not as large as the whole number of votes polled. This is easy enough to explain when the returns are inspected. In the republican wards there was a widespread defection from Maer win, and the voters refused to support hun, scratching his name from the ticket. The matter will not be pressed, as it shows the ..nkn nn \of .he manklinans in th.i: an. matter will not be pressed, as it shows the weakness of the republicans in this city. JOTTINGS ABOUT TOWN. 'There will be a general rehearsal of "Kathleen Mavourneen" in the Catholic hall to-night. L. N. Shephard has conveyed lot 4 in block 1, of the Phoenix Avenue addition, to L. B. Morrell for $700. The annual representation work on the Golden Gate lode in the Stemple district has been done by J. F. Rathbone. The Metallic, Compromise and Twin Metal lodes in Gold Hill, Ten Mile district, have been located by B. R. Harvey. Several Main street merchants were arrested Wednesday and yesterday for leaving teams untied on Main street. A new social organization styled the Knockerb' club has been organized. Frank Conley is president, T. J. Cronin vice-presi dent and Si Marks sergeant-at-arms. Efforts are being made 'to establish a lodge of the Royal Arcanum in this city. Alderman John W. Thompson, who is an old member of the order, has the matter in charge. The supreme court will probably render a decision to-morrow morning in the Davie will case concerning the manner of select ing the jury who will pass upon the alleged fraudulent will. i Archibald C. Stoddart. Edgar if. Brice and John M. Dunbar tiled articles of incur poration yesterday with the secretary of state of Liebig s World's dispensary to do business in Butte. The Calumet elub held a meetinu last night and elected officers as follows: Si. Marks, president; A. Jacobs, vice-president A. l'oznanski, secretary; Lou Israel, trea I surer. The club will give a ball on the 2;th inst. The sociable that was to have been given last Friday evening at theOhistlai church, and was postponed on account. of the "'inaflore," will be held iit the church par lors this evening at 7:10 o'clock. A mosl cordial invitation is extended to all. Several persons who have Casually glancedc into the United States circuit court roonl latt ly were serprised to see Warren Tonile ill the judge's seat. It was Judge Hanford, of Seattle, who has a remarkable facial rc. semblance to the brother of our governor. Well Itecolm menlded. It is learned from good authority that the 1Misses J. & L. Walker are first in their line of business, and since opening in Chey enne they have held the trade that farmuer I Iv went east, also holding trade in Denveu and other western cities. For several seMa sons their costumes have graced the halh in the white house at Washington. 'I hei earnestly eomumeud them to the patronage of the lelena ladies. By permission the Mrchant's National bank is referred to. 24 . mi. s e... ti i 29 MRn-s on Main St., $200.. per m 5 Rooms on Main St., $ TO per mo AII centrally located, light ana well ventilated. In new bu di gs. 2 Stores on Main near Broadway. Very Low Rent on Long Lease. Also Stores, Basements, Apart ments, Single Rooms and Dwell i'ngs in all parts of the city at rea sonable rentals. APPLY TO WALLACE & THORNBURGH, First Nat. Bank Building. 4; c - . A L g 's upera HnoUse JOHN MAGUIRE, - . MANAGER. 3 Nights and Wednesday Matinee FEBRUARY P, 10 and 11, England's Latest Favorite, Miss Adelaide Moore From the Globe Theater, London, accompanied by the popular and sterling American Actor, Mr. Joseph WheeloCk, And a Strong Supporting Company, ii three ever welcome standard plays. REPERTOIRE: Monday Evening-THE LADY OF LYONS, Tuesday Evening DOUBLE BIn L. and IPYGMALION and GALATE. Wednesday AND MWednesdatinee A SILENT WOMAN. Wednesday Evening-ROMEO AND JULIET. Reserved seats on sale at Pope & O'Connor' drug store Saturday morning. Curtain rises a 8 sharp. MONEY TO LOAN I am prepared to make loans promptly on Improved Property in City of Helena, and RANCHES IN MONTANA. . o delaye. Funds always on hand. Corre pondence solicited. H. B. PALMER, Room 1. Merchants Nat. Bank Buildin Mortgage Notes Purchases New Sioux City Route Passengers for the East from Helena an other Western points will find the NE, ROUTE via HIOUX CITY and the ILL] NOIS CENTRAL R. It. not only desirabi as to time and equipment, but one of th most attractive, passing through Sioux Cit the only Corn Palace City of the work Dobuque, the handsome Key City of lows Rockford, Illinois, a new manufacturin city, that has become a "world within it self," and Chicago, whosa growth and or serprise is the wonder of the world. Wit elegant free Chair C(ars, and Pallm in Pa aoe.tleeping Cars on every train botwee lioux City and Chioago, and with olose cot ne:tioa w-th the UNION PACIFIC train at 81ou OCity, the ILLINOIS CENTRAL R. R,, respectfuily presents its claims for the ns and every' way desirable BIOUX CIT ROUTE. For folders and further particulars as upon localticket agent, or address the mu dersigaid at Manchester, Iowa. J. F. MERRY, This Is IMeant For You! TH AT IS, If YoU Want" t Save Money! From To-Day on for 10 Days We will Give You a 8pecial DISCOUNT OF 20 PER CENT On Any Overcoait You May Buy. this is not merely talk, but a fact. These coats have aEL been marked very close, so with this esitra DISCOUNT You save from $5 to $10 on each Coat. Remember, this sale will continue but 10 DAYS So come at once before the assortment is broken. Ribspeotfully, GANS& KLEIN. February 5, 189Z.