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i.H RAltRO--AF, '. i. MISULA MOR E i MlEER PCOSTS TO MO E FREIGR THI ITI COSTS10 TMOVE OTHER ThINGS -A hjlpow tMe, fr ii Boston, a lawyer from *eW Yent a rancher from Albu qfers nf'lei from Den~er, and a ir,&t ~ `St. Louis joined in a few 1i -i Chicago bar one evening last nttmimer. A round of beer had been ordered. "Too "much froth on mine," said the St. Louis man. Taking up the glass, the barkeeper held it under the faucet while more beer ran slowly into it; filling it to the brim. Setting the glass back upon the counter, he said to the St. Louis man:: "You're an odd one, sir; most men like 'white colars' on their's, and we are very willing." "Why, 'very willing?'" asked the St. Louis man. "It pays the freight," the barkeeper replied sententiously. "Pays the freight?" "Yes, it's been all figured out. We pay the freight when we get the beer in, and the customers who like 'white colars' pay it back in the froth." The St. Louis man ordered another round, and. while they were drinking, the barkeeper continued: "Yes, it's been all figured out. I don't know just how, but I heard the boss saying once that the railroad's share of the 5 cents paid for a glass of beer is 1-17th, or 3 mills. A railroad man was talking with him about the 5 per cent advance of freight rates which the roads are asking, and they figured that it would increase the freight on a glass of beer 15-100dths of a mill; or mebbe it was I5-1,000dths -I never was good at remembering figures. Anyhow, it is such a trifle that it hardly counts; so trifling that the whole amount of the freight is more than taken up by the froth on the beer." "Well, now, what do you know about that!" exclaimed the Boston man. "Let me consult my handy book of reference," said the Denver man, pro ducing a thin little book from his OUR TROUBLES ARE OUR OWN FAULT, HE SAYS REPORT OF THE SECRETARY OF AGRICULTURE POINTS OUT THE FARMERS' ERRORS Washington, Dec. 10.--Teat there is no emergency which justifies govern ment assistance to farmers directly through the use of government cash or credit was the plosition taken by Secretary Houston of the department of agriculture, in discussing rural credits in his annual report, submitted today to President Wilson. Secretary Houston's statement was regarded as indicating the policy of the adminis tration. Secretary Houston pointed out that the new bank law "takes just and par ticular knowledge of the farmers' re qulirements." lIe suggested that any credit needs of the agricultural com .,.inity beyond those cared for under tile federal reserve law, should le cared for by a system of "co-operative credit associations," financed with pri 'aie funds, by means of which the combined credit of farming communi ties could lie utilized, and by a sys tein of land mortgage banks, likewise, privately capitalized. Farmer Is Self-Reliant. "There seems to te no emergency which requircs or justifies government assistance to the farmers directly tllroilgh the use of the governmlllllent'sll cash or the gove'rnimient's credit," said the report. "The American farmer Is sturdy, self-reliant and independent. He is not in the conditon of serfdoml or semi-serflon ill which were the European peoples for whom governl mentt aid was extended in some firm or other during the lust century." In advocating a land mortgage bank illng sysim tand a system of co-opera tive credits associations, the report as sorted that the use of the funds loaned for plrodctlrti\-e lirlposes on the f:lrms covered by the mortgages should be insisted upon. Inquiry Into Marketing. Mr. Houston's report reviews the in Vestigation of the marketing and dis iribution system and while the study is not yet sufficiently finished to admit of fina! conclusions the work thus far shows the need of a reorganization of the distribution process. He says: "During Ihe present grass season, for example, Chicago has received Mexican, Canadianl and Florida cattle at about the same time. Steers raised in California by an Oregon operator have been shipped through Denver to Omaha and their beef sent to points on the Atlantic coast. Hogs raised in Illinois and sold at Indianapolis have been slaughtered at Boston and a part of their cured bacon shipped to Los Angeles. Michigan dressed veal calves expressed to South Water street com rnisyston houses at Chicago have been returned to the identical shipping tMints from which they came to fill orders from local retail markets." Foot and Mouth Disease. 4ecretary. .ot itt asks congretf." r.. * cra 6 pooket. "Wýe htel men always go I lbded." Turni$ trtbe t ekves of the book, h8 Continl ed: I 'dhn't find beer, but about every other commodity is here. Sure enough! freight is no more than the froth on the beer!" "How about shoes?" asked the St. Louts man, thinking, no doubt, of one of the great ihdustries of his town. "Shoes? Yes, here we are! Shoes, hauled 1,000 miles and sold for $4 per pair, pay 2 2-5 cents freight per pair, or 166th of the price."' A round of cigars had been ordered, which moved the New York man to say. "How about cigars?" "I find no 15-cent cigars in the book, but I presume they pay no more freight than 5-centers, which pay 1-42d of a cent, or 1-210th of the price." "C'loths?" asked the New Yorker. "Yes; dress a man from the skin out, and give him a hat and shoes," added the rancher. "An overcoat, too," said "3oston. "Well, let's figure a bit," said the Denver man, turning over the leaves of his handy book of reference. "I don't find the best grade of clothes here, but I imagine all grades look alike in a. freight bill. A suit of clothes hauled 1,000 miles and sold for $15, pays 6 cents and 8 mills freight, or 1-220th of the selling price. Adding the charges on the rest of the outfit, we have 2 mills on a 25-cent pair of sus penders; 2 mills on a 25-cent pair of socks; 1-18th of a cent on a 12 1-2 cent tollar; 1 cent on a dollar suit of underwear; 9 mills on a dollar shirt; 2 cents and 4 mills on a pair of $4 shoes; 2 cents on a $2 hat; 6 cents on an $18 overcoat. The sum of the freight is not quite 22 cents on a value of about $42." "Well, well!" exclaimed the New Mexican; "this has been some session. The froth on the beer!"-F. L. Vander right in Earth. an additional emergency appropriation of several million dollars on account of the recent outbreak of the foot and mouth disease among cattle. He said that if the interval between the last and the present session of congress had been longer, the department would have been without sufficient funds to meet the situation. "The departneant,'" he said. "has pur sued its former policy of purchasing diseased and exposed cattle at an ap praiseld value and of slaughtering them and burying themr. It has established a very strict qunrantine. The expense of this task will he very great and it will be neenssa-ry to ask congress for an emergency alpproprialtion of several millions of dollars. The interests at stake are vast andr justify any reason able expenditure." Standard Grain Grade: The report sets forth the activities orf the department in establishing stamldard grain graldes, and in the ini tial •drlinistrationr of the new cotton futures, law which the srecretary calls thel "first definite systematic, legal ap pronrehl to lie solution of difficult problenms in this field of distribution." The secretary recommends considera tion of legislation to establish a per- 1 missive w'arehibrusing system for grain i and cotton. Hfe pointed out that the warehouse facilities for cotton in the 1 south arc not rentrralhnc. "If thie w;iarehlouses now in exist encc," said the' report, ''were remodeled so asr to comrply with the ullnderwriters' requirements, indil were bondcd, and if adeququate busincss Inthods were adolrtied, the financing of tho cotton crop wVoulrl be mater'ially improved. Such a systcri would furnish relief in times of emlergenlcy and would forma a useful part of the normal distributive system. It is 1probable that a federall lawr for a I1crlnissive warehousing says rein would stimulate this desirable de velopment."'' WVhile the irroduction of grain gen erally sihoawed a great increase ill the crop of 1914, the report pointed (out, the production of corn showed no ad vanc(e, rand tlle lCeat production showed a distinct decline. Irl this connection the secretary points out a "lamentalble neglect of livestock production in the south." The secretary's replort includes a ta ble giving tile census figures for 1899 and 1909, sho\ving tihat ill all pIroducts except corn and meat aninmals there htas rbeen a manllirked increase in pro duction during the 10-year period. ('ontinuing, the report says: "W\e lrnow that the wiheat crop of 1914 of approximately 892,000,000 1 bushels is tile greatest ever produced in our history, and that the crops of oats, barley, rye, potatoes, tobacco and hay are unusually large. The cotton crop, forecast in October at 15,340,000 1 bales. is the second largest. The apple a crop, estimated at 259,000,000 bushels, l is tlle greatest ever harvested. "The total production of six leading I cereals is estimated to have been ( nearly 5,000,000,000 bushels, or about! 428,000,000 bushels in excess of the crop of 1913 For the country as a whole the crop yields per acre were 2.3 per cent better than the average c for the past 10 years. Tile average d yield per acre of all the staple crops was 9.4 per cent greater than 1913, and, r except for corn, oats, and flaxseed,r greater than the 10-year average. a A General Decrease. "But after all our efforts, while there c is an increased diversification of agri- c culture and both a relative and abso- . lute increase la inportant I'roducts, a NEW SORIDULES ON DEMURRACE ARE RECEIE[D RATES FIXED RECENTLY AT A MEETING HELD IN CHICAGO REACH MISSOULA Division officials of transcontinental railroads running through Montana have received notices of the new de murrage or penalty scale to be made effective on all railroads with the sanction of the American Railway as sociation, and various industrial or ganizations. The schedule will apply only to refrigerator cars containing perishable fruit. The usual 48 hours' free time allowed for loading and un loading will be allowed. For the next three days a charge of $1 aday will be made. A $3 a day penalty will be as sessed for the sixth, seventhand eighth days and every day thereafter the pen altly will be $5 a day. At the present time the straight dollar a day demur rage charge applies on all classes of freight equipment, including refrigera tor cars. Several months ago the various demurrage bureaus of the country decided that $1 a day was tod low a charge for refrigerator cars and agreed on this scale: Two days, free time, $3 a day for the next two days and $4 a day for each day thereafter. The majority of rail roads then. issued tariffs covering this proposed scale, upon petition of the National Industrial Traffic league and other commbrcial and industrial or ganizations, but the interstate com merce commission suspended the tar iffs. All the organizations were rep resented at the annual meeting of the American Railway association in Chi cago, November 18, and a compromise was made, the conference agreeing upon the rates recently received. RAILWAY ENGINEERS TELL OF LONG HOURS (hicago, Dec. 10.-Four engineers >engaged in switching or "helper" serv ice, testified today in the arbitration proceedings involving wage questions between western railroads and their enginemeib. They were called to the witness stand to show the long hours and hardships of their employment. The three switch engineers confessed to working 13 and 14 hours a day and the "helper" engineers to 11 or more. James ,M. Sheean, attorney for the railroads, on cross-examination dwelt on the facts that, under the seniority rule, the men chose their own runs, and exhibited satisfaction in bringing out that the witnesses, being veterans, have runs considered profitable in comparison With the earnings of other industrial workmen. John C. Goulding, a switch engineer of Chicago, who works nearly 14 hours a day except on his day off, and five or six other days that he lays off, in bed, confessed to be earning about $140 a month. To do this, he works the equivalent of 39 eight hour days I in a month. such as wheat, forage crops, fruits, dairy products and poultry, we still note not only a relative but also an absolute decrease in a number of our important staple food products, such as corn and meats. In the former in the last 15 years there has been no substantial advance. In cattle, sheep, and hogs there has been an absolute decline-in cattle, from the census year of 1899 to that of 1909, of from 50,000, 000 h:ad to 41,000,000; in sheep, of from 61,000,000 to 52,000,000; in hogs, of from 63,000,000 to 58,000,000. since 1900 the tendency has been downward, and yet during the periol since 1899 the population has increased over 20, 000,000. This situation exists not in a crowded country but in one which is still in a measure being pioneered; in one which, with 935,000,000 acres of arable land, has only 400,000,000, or 45 per cent, ulder cultiftat1on; and in one in which the population per square mile does not exceed 31 and ranges from 0.7 person in Nevada to 508 in Rhode Island." In urging farmers generally to di versify their products and especially to produce beef, swine and poultry, at least for home consumption, the secre tary said: South's Own Fault. "If farmers in the south had hereto fore practiced diversification on a suf ficiently large scale, producing their own home supplies, that section Would not be in its present hard "ase, " The experts of this department are labor ing earnestly to bring about a better direction of the agricultural activities of the south." The report reviewed the increased activity of the department's informa tion bureau and included a statement of the plans for a reorganization of the department to increase efficiency. The' opening up of the forest reserve in a' manner that would aid local com munities and at the same time pre serve the forests, and a systeya where by the government could bear a part! of the local burden of taxation to be charged against future timber sales, where forests are not at present avail able for timbering, were recommended. In honor of Profes:sor C. W. Leap: hart, who is to iB-:0m r.ld in Lexing ton, Ky., dluritg the Christpas hol}, days, the ttiidents 4tau faculty of the university 1sv sc ia e(kested and orated at the Palace )botel at noon to day. Sixty men took, part in the ban quet, designated :a$ a. "Law School Mixer" that the unwia pecting guest of honor might inot'. knb too much until the proper moment."' P'rofessor Leap hart was overwhelmned ;irst .ith a real banquet, then wits r el oratory and finally with a real lovi:e .cup, a token of the good wishes of stiudents and fel low instructors. The presentation speech, the last on the program, was 'nade, by Harry vewell, a 'enior in the law' school. Other speakers were Pre:}ident Craig head, Dean Whitlock, Professors Langmaid, Neff, Ayre asd. Jenkins, Jones, Crawfoid and Howell. The three representing: the three law classes. Professor Leaphart, tholugh thor oughly surprised, responded gracefully to the final speech. The honor-guest has been a member of the university faculty for two years. He is one of the best-'liked men on the faculty, having added to his class room popularity by, assisting in the coaching of football' and basketball teams. He leaves Missoula tomorrow, and on December 29 will be married to 'Miss Mary Rodea of Lexington, Kentucky. Mr. and Mrs. Leaphart will return to ;Missoula shortly after the holidays, WiHY NOT put a Victor-Victrola in your home this Christmas? A special proposition on each of the different styles is of fered at Orton Brothers. 118 E. Cedar St.-Adv. SRAILROAD NOTES C. T. Banks, special representative to First Vice President George T. Slade of the Northern Pacific, in charge of the'bureaU'of efficiency, will arrive in Missoula this morning at 8:30 o'clock. Mr. Banks is making one of his inspection trips over the North ern Pacific system. He will probably spend the day here. C. E. Allen, general master machanic of the central dlitridt' o4 thf'i W6" ihern Pacific, arrived in Missoula yester day and spent the day inslpecting the railway company's shops here. ALL WRONG 'The Mistake Is Made by Many Mis. soula Citizens Look for the cause of backache. To be cured you must know the cause. If it's weak kidneys you must set the kidneys working right. A Missoula resident tells you how. Mrs. D. F. McClelland, 241 E. Rail road St., Missoula, says: "For several years I had kidney trouble and' every thing I had tried had fa.led to help me. My kidneys ached constantly and lumbago played havoc with my back. The kidney secretions were distress ing and' my whole system was af fected. I got I)oan's Kidney Pills at the Missoula Drug Co. and they brought relief from the first, seven boxes curing me." (Statement given December 13th, 1907). OVER FOURl YEXRS LATER, Mrs. McClclland said: "Doan's Kidney Pills rid me of kidney trouble and I have had no return attacks." Price 50, at all dealers. Don't sim ily ask for a kidney remedy-get Dean's Kidney Pills-the same that Mrs. McClelland had. Foster-Milburn Co., Props., Buffalo, N. YIrAidv. Local Br es Coal $6 per ton. Phoa$3. Adv. Cyr Parent was in to.~i eseterday from Bonita. Dr. Anna James, oast Higgins block. Phone 8.2 bl i. Dr. Karl Kellogg of ille is Wa visitor In Missoula. Dr. Willard, oeho. P atb " t " k. -Adv. 'Miss Peck wrs - A ' ity yesterday trou n.iilto Warm stor otor Car .compa r Wade R. PFi ' i6SPif ness in Miseou e Marsh, the ulrt. . Ce dar. Phone 321.-Adv. Mrs. L. B. Shauer o.,, 'iue 'was a guest for the day insMimso ornla n Newton H. Sohweikp,2'. qbiltl Spe clalpit. Rooms 203-o205 skiy Blk. Mrs. Joseph Lacaff as ia visltor In the city yesterday frap iforence. W. W. White, aupervisor of the Bit ter Root fte sti, leaves this morning to meet Porest-Assistants Lindsay and Girard at Tin Cup creek. Thee willt what would be your opinion of .a an who ally fi h.ting the i las amd the official lted to forb thern? Think him a io leave alone-wout _ Wm Yt Suppose he wre a fa d m acturr You-r pure food laws and pure food officials ae there to protect you in the .foods you eat- and you would at once think, any manufacturer who tries to. break them down must be trying to sell a pretty .poor article-wouldn't you? . WELL-this very thing is being tried right now Baking Powder if it contains Albumen ;(sometimes called white of egg) has been declared illegal and its sale stopped in State after State. Have these misguided manufacturers changed their ways land are E they now trying to make and sell a pure and legal baking powder? NO! They are fighting the pure d WHY? laws and the pure food officials Albumen in baking powder is, no aid in the baking - the U. S. Govern. nment states this, but it makes possible the fraudulent " Witer G"iz T.st." All the National and State Pure Food Officials at their last annual meeting condemned this fraudulent "Water Glass Test." (Maybe they have tried it on you.) Beware of the Baking Powder not Sold on its Merits If it is pure and the quality is there, it does not need any Albumen (somte times called white of egg) or any "Water Glass Test, "to mislead the people KG BAmKNG POWDER is made right-and is sold right No :fake tests required-no false advertising-no Albumen. Just a full can of pure, legal baking powder, guaranteed to give you perfect satisfaction. 25 Ounces for25 (More than a pound and a half for a quarter) At All Grocers JAQUES MANUFACTURING CO., Chicago U U. go along the east fork of the Bitter Root river looking up boundaries and estimating the cost of driving ties down the east fork. Expert repairing and overhauling. Work guaranteed. McCullough Motor Car company-Adv. J. L. Cope and J. D. Buckhous are visitors in Missoula from St. Ignatius. Money to loan on ranch and city property. H. D. Fisher, 113 E. Main. -Adv. Dr. George ,McGrath of Hamilton spent. the day in Missoula on profes sional business. Missoulian for lithographing. Red and green paper for the holiday work at the Missoulian job room. Adv. A daughter was born Wednesday to Mr. and Mrs. C. W. Simonsen at their home on Sherwood street. Taxicabs and touring cars for. hire; day and night service. Phone Bell 33. -Adv. Dr.:and Mrs. Dietrich returned yes terday, to their home at Drummond, after "a short visit in Missoula. These are lithographing days. See The Missoulian. A son was born yesterday to Mr. and Mrs. Chester B. Peak at their apartment in the Hammond block. The Missoulian has the beat dupli cating second sheets for letters. 75e per 1,000.-Adv. The infant son of Mr. and Mrs. E. W. Kramer has recovered after being seriously ill for the last four weeks. Briefs and transcripts printed on short notice. Missoulian job rooms. Adv. The Banking Corporation pays 4 ;pqr cent interest on savings deposits. :Adv. Addison K. Lusk is here from St. Ignatius for a few days visiting friends and looking after matters of business. Dr. Louise Smith, osteopath. Ma sonic temple. Phone 613; res., 533 red' -Adv. Get it lithographed. Clinton Heater was removed from St. Patrick's hospital yesterday to his room in the home of Mr. ltnd Mrs. William McBride on South Sixth street east. The young man was re covering nicely from his injuries re eci\ed in a football gamC .and :then a . .. . :; . .. A week ago had a backset and was tak en to the hospital for treatment. W. WV. Reed of Seattle was in Mis soula yesterday representing the Law yers' Co-operative Publishing com pany. Prest-O-Lite tanks. McCullough Motor Car company--Adv. Miss Cora E. Coghill left last even ing for Los Angeles to complete a ,post-graduate course in a college of that city. For fine old table wines, Port, Sher ries, Angelica, Muscatel and Old Cedar Run whiskey. Best for family use. Call on J. E. Power.--Adv. A. M. Erickson and wife and J. L. Wooley and. wife left yesterday morn ing for Salt Lake, where they will vis it for some time. How about that holiday printing? The Missoulian has a complete line of supplies. Prices right.-Adv. Rev. L. B. Palladino, S. J., who was for many years a pastor at the church of St. Francis Xavier, is in Missoula this week from his present station at North Yakima. Hay, fresh baled, only 60c per 100 lbs. Ford Garage, 106 W. Spruce. Adv. Insure with Wheeldon, Rossi Co., Ins. specialists, basement Mont, Bldg. -Adv. Gilbert, the year-old son of City En glneer and Mrs. Rolfe, has been moved to their home from St. Patrick's hos Dital, where he was operated upon a few days ago for hernia. Get it lithographed. Let the Missoulian be your job printers,-Adv. Dr. Anderson and Dr. J. J. Flynn have returned from Arlee, where they vaccinated 43 children Wednesday. They report only one case of smallpox in the Arlee district at the present tinle. Baled hay; bargain price while it lasts; only 60o per 100 lbs. Ford Gar age, 106 W. Spruce.-Adv. We wash cars. McCullough Motor Car company-Adv. Miss Jennie McGregor, who has taught in the Bonner schools for the last six years and a half, has been granted leave of absence to take a well-deserved vacation. She will leave about December 22 and spend Christ rnas in Salt Lake city with Mr. and Mrs. Herman McGregor. She will 'go later to spend some months with Grant McGregor at Globe, Arizona. Miss lessie Rhoades of Missoula will take Miss McGregor's place in the school room at Bonner. "Smart Set" chocolates, 50c lb.; taste like a dollar. Nonpareil.-Adv. Dr. WV. H. Harrison, practice limited to diseases and surgery of the eye, oar, nose and throat and fitting of glinases. Office, Higgins block.-Adv. Mrs. Tylar B. Thompson has re turned from Blozemann, where she has been attending a convention of the Christian Women's board of missions, of which she is president. Mrs. Thompson was guest of honor at a number of social functions during her visit. "Songs of a Year," by Mabel Kin ney hall. An appropriate holiday gift. On sale at Price's, Bateman's Missou la Mercantile store and South Side Drug store.-Adv. Mr. and Mrs. Earl O. Devore - are leaving to day for the east. They will visit in Wheeling, WVest Virginia; Weedsfield, Ohio, and Chicago. Mr Devore will, return to Missoula the first of the year, but Mrs. Devore will remain with friends in Chicago until the last of January. Climate Failed; Medicine, Effective Sufferers from TuberculDois often think that medicine will riot helo them. Fresh air, regular habits and good food aid in restoring hIealth, buf' mare is often needed. Many have been restored to health by Eckman's Alteratlive. Read this: Weldon, III. "Oentlem.o t--ThroughI your, in otrusmeatatity 1 have been Svoed from a premature gnrave., On Dem her 14. 1904. 1 was taken, with 5"i+ holo td .Leus tn, which ll'dtelopued tou ' TIubre ui.. s (laeIllit ,were 'uound). In 5'ebrualr'. I9.lu, I wViet to Fort WVorth. Texas. ind later t" Cneon City, Calorado. After beingul there two week% my kyselelin In fornest. aile that ulmy ease was hople les.. Three weoks later I returned bane,. weighlug 10.5 p.osads, tie dle tor hnving given use no mnaurnuee or rea-hing there alive. o(n July 14, 190., 1 began taking lekasan's wondSerfl remedy for Lung Trouble. \ Sow 1 a1 stout nandl well ead can do nAy kLnd of work shout nmy gral1 elevator." (dblrreviated ). lAflhlevlt) ARTHUR WI.tR. Eckmnns Alter;itive is most efficacnio e in bronchial c.tarrh and severe thrloat and lung affection. and up--l~uilding the system. Con tains no harmnful or habit-fornming drugs. Accept no substitutes. Small size. $1; igular sico. IT. Sbld by lreding druggssts. Write for hook 1.it of ric',vcries. etkewusu l5utorat0ryt l'hlladelp|tl /