The Rising son. [volume], February 02, 1907, Image 6

About The Rising son. [volume] (Kansas City, Mo.) 1896-19??

Image provided by: State Historical Society of Missouri; Columbia, MO

                
New York. A hn!llr r".il littwcn
; :iw. ?"i l; i s, t lio noil exhatisi lvi on
1' -I ever lu lil bclwe-n tlu'se craft. I
M'luvlnltfil to t:;!;r place In the '.valors
of .!irrag.i't.e!t la ami tli noa off
fie lUi'hk- island cna.f tl U mcmt'i.
Vitv cmiceivaXo te.-it t i ul.i.h a
.a'.iaiai hie li;it ;:i lie s.ilj -clod to
h 'ermine In ' -liability ami effective
ness will In- emploved. a wool, or more
1: i:m devoted to each cutiipct iter, and
i the li-s i!l will lie; .end the rh'ico f
t;. - I'ltiti'.l S'.'.'is C 'vci aa.'-tit In the
f i. ther ili'M l.ij'tia ii" f 'his branch
:' its navil service tha' has been (!
i''.-(1 ti ; i-.
ti iii.c- ;ti:it inn of $ ! nno.ooo Is
r-i-.v avuila'il- for the bi.ihiin:: of i-.l-lairiiu'-i
:;s us the type is do-
i'!"il ii;ui. Kurth'-r a;M'rarl.".t!oii:
c -v I. in order that this fiiv-o-.
i an'at may ki iy ji.rv wUh H-tropem
T.o-vi-rsi la sn'miai ir.o ar'lvity inure
ii"iily ii'ii'i if lias been il lint.
Kilif uf these mi mis cntfi aie now
in tho Aa'.i i I'.-iti navy, nnd four more
uro h"aii:ig ctiii;ile'.jnn nt the Fort
"River shipyard. All those are of the
Holland typo, which ha so far Te
l: int'il it.- supremacy In the opinion of
naval authorities, though not without
Miter co:tiit'titioii on tho part of the
I.aUc Submarine company, with wea
ional charges of undue influence.
Some Indication of tho interest
which the coming tests will mouse
ftmong navul men of this country and
tli" experts of foreign powers may ho
seen In the recent Incident ut the Fore
Hlver yard. Fore Klver. Mass., when
.Japanese officers stationed there dur
Ins the building of Koine turbines
(f.ir their government displayed a curi
osity in regard to the new submarines
that caused American officials to
worry.
Japanese Watch Closely.
On one of the preliminary trials of
the submarines the Japanese officers
chartered a yacht and followed the
ll'tle Iwats until finally the American
ofllclals asked them to desist. This re
united In calling the affair to the at
tention of the hiKher authorities at
Washington, and It came to public at
tention when President Hoonevelt Is
Kimd an order granting Ihe Japanese
permission to observe unhindered
nnythliig in the way of construction
which they dotdrod at the yard.
From this it Is Inferred that the
Japanese officials, as wdl as some
from other nations, may be on hand
during the tests In Xarragansett bay
to gain as much Information as they
an In regard to the probable addition
to the I'nlted Stales navy. That such
observation will not bo welcomed Is
evident from th attitude of the naval
i(l(inls in the I'oro Hiver ra.o, and
from the cloud of secrecy and mystery
which they havo attempted to throw
mver the preparations for the tests.
From the notices sent to prospect Ive
Tompetltors outlining the require
ments and the nature of the tests, no
tices which the navy department itself
declined to make public, the impor
tance of the event In naval progress is
evident. For one of the test a storm
at sea will be necessary, since each
contestant will be required to demon
citrate Its stability in as rough water
m Xeptune can be Induced to furnish
for the occasion. Point Judith's rec
ord for heavy weather in winter is
t-uch that no difficulty Is anticipated
1n petting a storm sufficient to test
the submarines u the utmost during
the period of the trials.
Another important feature will be
the submersed test, during which each
competitor will be kept beneath the
surface for 21 hours, when the crew
will be dependent e:.tlriiy on the re
sources of the boat for food, air and
nil living accommodations. This will
Mermlrie the habltaMHiy of the boats
under water for longer periods than
have yet been attempted In official
tr-ns.
Limit to Safe Depth,
Previous tests have lasted 17 hours,
snd the crews have declared that tho
Pmit was by no means reached. The
.amount of fresh air carried and the
1 1
anio ini used during the test will ho
caret ully noted.
A d'y.'.h of KiO feet Is about as pri nt
a.- submarines would be called on to
I leach in iiettial uervice, but In the
coming tests, to quote the announce
! tii t - ti t lo builders, "no boat will be ac
i copied lis fiiHilliaT all the require
I mrtits of the navy department unless
tin- boat will stnnd without danmge
! the stresses due to an actual sub-
tin rui nee i.f at least 200 feet."
i Other tciis. will Include speed trials
! over measured mile courses la light,
I c.-ulsiuK and ir.v.'.sh comliMons, sub
laerui ,1 :-pced tiials, firing of torpedoes
I in submersed ami oilier conditions,
, mlninvr, countermining, cabin cutting
j an 1 handllns torped es.
Tlie detail.4 of the tests. Including
. the number of trials to each boat un
der the varying conditions, are left
j entirely in the hninhi of the trial
j board, f if which ('apt. Adolph Marix,
I'. S. X.. Is chairman. The test Is to
' last as Ioiik as necessary to complete
the trials under every condition of
weather that Is desired. It was suc:-l-'i'sted
by the secretary of the navy
that the date be changed on account
of the probaliallity of cold weather at
that time, but no action was taken on
this su.nsesMon.
Winter weather is of small conse
quence to Hiibmarlnes In action, as
was demonstrated during a trial of the
Lake Submarine company's Protector
in January, 1904, when the mast was
carried away by the Ice tinder which
she was running, at a depth of some
30 feet, and she rose to the surface
throtiKh an Ice floe from five to ten
Inches thick without suffering harm.
It may, however, he more of a factor
In adding to the difficult!)- of the 34
hour submerged test.
Two Companies Compete.
So far as Is now anticipated, the
only competitors will be the Holland
p.nd Lake Submarine Boat companies.
Between these two the competition
has always been most bitter. The fact
that the navy department has stuck to
the Holland type has aroused much
criticism and the contest has been
waged with great warmth In congress.
where charges have been made that
the devotion of tho department to the
Holland type was due to iKilitlcal In
ft nonce.
There have been previous tests in
which the two designs have met, the
most Important previous one having
been In 1S!3, when three types were
entered, the Maker submarine meeting
the other two. Since then, however,
and even since 1900 and 1901, when all
the submarines no In the navy were
constructed, there have been tre
mendous strides In their construction.
Kaoh firm will bo represented by its
late.st designs, embodying all that has
been learned about the sclenee of
"submarining" up to the present time.
The Holland company will present the
Octopus, the first of tl:e four new
boats to be completed at the Fore Riv
er yard. The Lake company recently
completed a boat at Xewport Xewa
which it claims Is the best possible
examplu of submarine construction.
This was taken to Bridgeport, Conn.,
for tho finishing touches. Kach of tho
rivals, therefore, will he offering the
extreme limit of Its achievements to
the government.
In spite of the fact that some naval
officers are strongly opposed to sub
marines and that their actual worth
In war is bttll to be demonstrated, the
I'nlted States In deciding to continue
their construction is merely following
tho example of Kuropean powera. Rus
sia and Japan each ordered tuibma
titles during the recent war, but none
of them was put into use so far as is
known. France has thus fur led tho
way, and now has a fleet of over 50
submarines. They are, however, of
varying sizes and types, the French
having apparently been unable lo do
tide upon a fixed type.
Britain Uses Holland Type.
ureal Britain paid small attention
ti submarines till within a few years.
but now has a considerable floet much
more homogeneous In character than
Franco's, the British admiralty hav
ing practically adopted the Holland
type. H has also been constructing
submarines of 600 tons, believed to be
the largest thatany nation has at
tempted. Germany has recently begun the
construction of submarine with great
zeal find plans to develop a consider
able Meet tif the craft, while both Italy
ami Austria are beginning to acquire
them. J.ltlle has been known of the
naval activity of Russia and Japan
since the war, but each nation Is be
lieve! to be building them l:i Its own
yards.
Six of the eight submarines of the
American navy are practically Identi
cal la sl.e and type, being of 120 tons
each. They are the Adder, Grampus.
Moccasin, Pike, Porpoise and Shark.
The Holland Is older and smaller, Do
ing the original one of the modern
submarines to be adopted in our navy,
while the Plunger Is Identical with the
others In practically every respect
save that It Is slightly heavier. The
cost of each, except t lie Holland, was
$I7.100.
Those now building nt Fore ltivcr
the Octopus. Viper. Cuttle Fish and
Tarr.ntula are larger than the earlier
ones and show many devices not In-
clu b-d In them. The Octopus, though
details concerning it have been care
fully guarded, is known to be of about
::oo tons.
Koine light has been thrown on the
possibilitii's of the coming conteat by
the success achieved In submarine ex-
perlments In Xarragansett bay off
Xewport during the past summer, the
Porpoise and Shark being used for
the purpose. The officers in charge
havo refrained from making public the
results of the experiments, biit it is
known that each has made over 600
miles with gasoline engines under con
ditions that rendered this notable.
They have also accomplished more In
maneuvers under water than had here
tofore been attempted, and the sub
marine department of the navy Is be
lieved to have been materially
strengthened by the knowledge gained
during the past year.
Varying Methods Used.
To the landsman there would seem
small difference in submarines. The
general principle of all Is the same.
When ready to go under the surface
they are made almost as heavy as tho
surrounding water by admitting water
to the ballast tanks and then dropping
below the surface either by diving.
through the movement of the boat and
the use of the horizontal rudder or on
an even keel by further admission of
water.
In the methods employed, however,
here are differences between the Hol-
and and Lake types which are radi
cal In their effect on the efficiently of
tho craft, und friends of the Lake boat
have maintained that in the coming
test Its superiority will be demon
strated In spite of the government s
previous adherorre to the Holland
boat.
The grout Increase In attention giv
en bv naval powers during um pum
two or three years to submarine con
struction, of which the Xarragansett
bav tests are evidence, naturally ere.
ates Interest In previous attempts io
employ submarines in warfare. It is
nonulaiiy but incorrectly assumon tnat
submarines nre an extremely recent
.lnvcioiiment of naval uclwice. Few
iw.nnli. mi. aware that they were ac
tually employed by the American col
onies during tho revolution and that
during the civil war a federal cruiser
wtis blown up by a confederate hud
marine. The Ixiats thus employed were, of
course, crude n flairs In comparison
with Iho craft that will meet In com
petition down the bay, but they were
Interesting examples of early experi
ments and Hulllelently refute the no
tion that submarines are strictly mod
ern affairs. But for an unforeseen ob
stacle the submarine built by David
Bushnell, a Connecticut inventor, dur
ing the revolution would have blown
up one of tho British men-of-war lying
off Brooklyn at a time when the coi-
miles were In dire straits and succosa
in Bushnrtt's enterprise would hav
seemed like a miracle sent from
heaven by the under-watcr route.
Had Washington's Approval.
BnshneH' plans were approved by
Washington, and a turtle-ehaped boat
holding nlr enough to permit the sin
gle operator to remain under water
half an hour was built. Tho operator
succeeded in getting under the bot
toms of eeveral of the. British vessels,
but found them copper sheathed,
which prevented the attaching of tho
torpedoes with a screw na had been
the plan. It wps the primitive char
acter of the torpedoes available, there
fore, rather than tho Hmltat!on3 of the
boat Itself, which caused the enter
prise to fall.
During the civil war a submarine
constructed by an Indiana shoemaker
was employed by the confederates in
Charleston harbor, and they succeeded
with It In slaking the cruhior Housa
tonic. The boat was a cigar-shaped
craft carrying a crew of nine, and was
propelled by oars Ingeniously equipped.
It has been claimed that she wa3 run
ning practically on tho surface whea
she made her attack and that there
fore her effectiveness as a submit l:ic
was not fully demonstrated.
It remains, however, the only In
stance when n submarine hr.s bwi
successfully employed In actual war
fare, and the manner cf the attack
will never be known, for the explosion
of the torpedo which sent the cruiser
to the bottom did the same thing for
the submarine, and there It still rests,
a tomb of iron for the nine intrepid
men who formed her crew.
Before she was employed against
the Housatonic Bcveral crows had lost
their lives in experimenting with her,
and this has been used by advocates
of the submarine as proof that In time
of need men will always - be found
ready to risk the dangers of the fickle
craft. This has been still further dem
onstrated by the ability to secure
crews for submarines In spite of the
disasters which have befallen boats of
that type in the French and other
European navies during the past few
years.
Since the days of the crude subma
rine of the civil war the development
of the submarine has been marvelous,
hut most of it has been based on the
Introduction of the gasoline engine
thus providing a practical motive pow
er for the conditions that must be
met. The modern submarine, there
fore, owes its standing to the same
thing that has created automobiles as
an important factor of civilization and
has made the perfection of the aero
plane appear to be among the possi
bilities of the near future.
Trained Too Well.
In Baltimore the rule of the trans
portation compunles is that children
over the age of five years must pay
full fare, those under that age being
carried free.
Ono afternoon not long ago there
were among the passengers on a
Charles street car a woman and her
son, the latter a big boy of apparently
seven years, but who was held in his
mother's lap as if he were a baby.
Presently the lad grew restive.
"Mommer. moinmer," he murmured,
"Say, moinmer!"
Tho mother, with a premonition of
Impending danger, tried to silence tho
youngster, but to no avail, for he eon
tinned to call upon his "mommer."
Finally, the woman asked: "Well,
what Is It, son?"
"Mommer, when do I say I'm only
five?" asked the Irrepressible.
"Cleanliness Is Next."
We have all heard that "cleanliness
Is next to godliness," but tho origin
of the proverb has been obscure, no
doubt, to many. This maxim is an ab
stract religious principle contained in
an old commentary on Isaiah where
tho practical doctrines of religion are
resolved Into carefulness, vigorous'
ness, guiltlessness, abstemiousness,
and cleanliness. And cleanliness is
next to godliness, which Is next to
holiness. Sunday Magazine.
Among, the
louse Spring Neat Little Coup by
out Going on Record Mr. Roosevelt Cuts Loose Whea He Attends
Parties Other Washington Gossip.
( ? 1 Cic-'C record by a yea and nay voto members of the
( -Vil) house of representatives the other day by 133
V V3S- ?T yea t0 92 na-vs increased their salaries, so far
hich he got through the Increase won
the 385 other members of the house, to Bay nothing of the delegates and resi
dent commissioner from Porto Rico.
Representative Llttauer had everything fixed when he called up tho leg
islative appropriation bill, which had come back from tho senate with amend
ments. He asked that all the amendments be disagreed with and the bill
sent to conference, with the exception of the amendment to Increase tho sal
aries of tho vice president, the speaker of the house, and cabinet officers to
12,000 a year. To this he asked there
the salaries of senators and representatives and the delegates and 'resident
commissioner from Porto Rico frcrh $5,000 to $7,500 a year, and the ealarica
of cabinet officers from $8,000 to $12,000 a year.
After somo discussion the question
133 to 92. Instantly came a demand
performers who want their salaries Increased but don't want any one to think
they do. The speaker put the demand, and when GO or more arose the
peaker could count only 34, "not. a sufficient number." No one thought (out
loud) to demand "the other side."
Tho Increase will become effective
term b will begin then and all the
congress will get the benefit of it.
PRESIDENT HAS A GOOD TIME AT
hcn President Roosevelt goes
tion outside of the Whtle House he has a good
time. He must be bored to the limit by being
forced to stand at his own receptions, while tho
people file by him each individual's name being
howled out by a leather-lunged army
who stands at the president' left.
performance ia stilted and unnatural,
be gone through with every so often.
Vice President Fairbanks gave a
the other night and suddenly without
Spangled Banner" from the band or -any ushering
aids, the president appeared. lie shook hands
with Mr. Fairbanks and with his daughter, Mrs.
TImraons, and with Miss Cannon, who were at
Mr. Fairbanks' left, and then he literally dug Into
the big crowd of people, hailing everybody whom
he knew that is the men after the
Joked with Democratic senators and
gave thrusts, sharp but Jovially good
The president's visit to the Fairbanks' was not a perfunctory one, by
any means. He had such a good time
talking at length to whom he listed,
time to put out the lights. Then he
check for his hat and coat In his hand,
the waiters in line, and then he disappeared Into tho darkness without. Mr.
Roosevelt Is democratic enough to
shockingly democratic to suit some of
has brought a tremendous burden of
SOCIETY GIRLS ARE GOOD EQUESTRIENNES.
she would ride sm do the foreign women, in a manner to their own discom
fort and to the discomfort of their mounts, to say nothing of the loss of grace
In the saddle.
The army officers the older ones
laughters how to ride before orders came sending these elder soldiers to
Washington. The army girls as little children learned on the plains of the
west, and if there are any more graceful rldors in the world among woman
kind than are these daughter of tho blue, the representatives of the more
graceful forma of riding have not yet appeared in the capital.
Miss Helen Hatfield, daughter of
United States cavalry, now stationed at Fort Myer, Just across the Potomac
from Washington, is ono of the finest woman riders io the United States.
She Is a debutante of this winter, and
ingly good-looking girl, it has leon said of her that she Is the best trooper
In her father's regiment. She has tho seat of a regular, and the horse doesn't
live of which she Is afraid. The other Washington girls 'strive to ride like
Miss Hatfield.
FINE EXAMPLE OF ORIENTAL ART
The sultan of Morocco may be the head of a
backward nation and the source of anxiety to the
world's powers, but ho is an expert at fine writing
and the donation of literary bouquets. This is
proved by a personal letter recently received by
President Roosevelt from the sultan. It was for
warded in a red plush and beautifully decorated
case by Minister Oummere at Tangier, who has
recently returned from a caravan Journey to Fez.
The letter itself la In classic Arabic and the trans
lation is as follows:
"Written In our Holy Court at Fez. 7th,
Shoual. 1324. (November 21. 1906.)
"In the name of God the Clement, tho merci
ful. There Is neither power nor might but In God
tho exalted, the Almighty.
"To tho beloved, the most cherished, the
exalted, the most gracious friend, most honored and excellent president of
the United States of America, who Is the pillar of Its great Influence and the
director of its most Important affairs, tho most celebrated preserver of the
ties of true friendship, to the faithful friend, Theodore Roosevelt.
"After offering praise to God, tho Almighty and powerful, the King of
Kings, the helpful Lord, we have received your kind letter expressing your
good will and tho purest love which dwells In the secret recesses of the heart
and appointing the wise Samuel R. Gummere as Minister Plenipotentiary of
your respected nation, in our holy Country, who, as- you well said, is pos
sessed of perfect knowledge of the ties of friendship existing between the
two nations, and of a desire to incroase the same.
"As you request wo receive the Minister with great satisfaction and
welcome, and accordingly bestow upon him our complete confidence in every
thing he may present to us on behalf of Your High Excellency and on be.
half of your nation, at the samo tlmo highly appreciating your pra.rers on
our behalf.
"We are certain of tbeso relations of amity and of the purest, strongest
Jove which you have lor us, and which we hope will continue to Increase."
Lawmakers
Raiting Salaries of Members With
us they are able, from 15,000 to $7, COO a year.
They also gave the senators an opportunity to do
as much for themselves, for they Included them aa
beneficiaries.
The salary Increase went through tbo hotiRo
so easily that every ono wondered why the raise
had not been made before. It vvas put up to Rep
resentative Llttauer to do the trick. Llttauer, of
his own volition, will retire from congress next
March, and, accordingly, he won't bo affected one
way or the other. Bcsldce he Is a multi-million-aire,
and $2,500 a year Isn't anything to him. So
it was put up to Llttauer. and tho manner In
for him the undying admiration of
bo added an amendment Increasing
was put on a rising vote and carried.
for a record vote from the grand stand
March 4 next. All the senators whoso
representatives elected for the Sixtieth
RECEPTION
to a recep
officer aid
The whole
but it must
reception
any "Star
manner of a boy enjoying a holiday. He
representatives and received thrusts and
natured.
wandering about where he chose and
that he stayed until it was Just about
went downstairs, stood In line with a
refused to take precedence of any of
suit any of the plain- people; he is too
the millionaire senators to whom money
dignity.
1 fl imw.cme tu
toco 2jnHec)
There are 300,000 people in Washington, and
nearly half of them ride horseback. The capital
1s a riding center, and here one sees every known
quality of horsemanship and horsewomanship. On
tho roads leading out of the city given over to
the riders It is possible to see the Cossack seat,
the Arab seat, the continental seat, the English
seat and the American army and the American
plainsman's seats, though the two latter are prac
tically one and the same thing the easiest and
the most graceful riding seat in the whole wide
world.
The women ride constantly In Washington.
It Is a good thing for the Washington-born girl
whose parents are In civil life thpt there alwaya
is a largo contingent of Uncle Sam's array officer
stationed in the capital. If this were not true
with families, at least taught their
coi. cnarlea a. p. Hatpeid. xiurteentn
is an extremely popular and also strik
OF JOLLYING.