In Statu Romano, Tmperium in magisivati
bus Autkoritatem in Senatu, Poteflatem inPle
be, MAYESTATEM IN POPULO, Jure
else dicehant. Bodin de Rep lib. 2 C 1
_SO many years past as when Bodin wrote
the majefly of the people was an acknow
ledged terny ; ic is the strongest expreflion
that any language affords, to denote the
origin of power to be in the people : & that
people which gives away their liberty into
‘the hands of an uncontrolable body of men,
deserve to be inflaved without pity.
The infticution of government was whol
ly for the benefit of the people, and when
any form is adopted that does not effeiuaily
an{wer that great end, it ought to be re
monitrated against, exposed and even anni.
hilated, & the public peace, liberty & fafety
guirded and protected from €very such per
nicious and deftru&ive plans.
AMERICA now glories in an independency
that will furprize the world; manifeftly in
ftitulated by the fopreme dire@ion of* God
himfelf, and none but an Arkeiff can or wil
deny it—There have been so many appa
reat events happened from the commence
ment of the. britih ministerial tyranny, that
have conspired as it were to force Armerica
Inte this ftaze, that they appear even super
natural and miraculous : may that fame so
vereign disposer of {ublanary things fill ap
pear for her, and tho’ at this time she is at
tacked by unnatural enecies withont, & f(til]
more wicked wretches withis who are alm
ing to destroy her, may they fall ito those
Yery pits thenilelves they have digged for
ber, and like Haman be bang”d on the very
Ballows they have erected tor others—The
sontroverly is great & interesting, the firug
fle triighty and grand, the success truly de
sirable, and. by perseverance easily atrain
able, let vs all unite with heart and hand
to {upport that independency which must
thus be ackrowledged to be the gift of
heaven,and while we are oppoling the com
fnon enemy, let us not forget our own go
vernmental police & fecurity,but attentively
eblerve the condu& of our rulers.
- We are pow called to form plans of go
vernment that may be permanent and lait
ing; that are not incompatible and incon
filten: in their ndtures with each other,and
which are molt consonant to the dignity &
#ajefly of the pecple. Ny
A late writer in the Massachusetts Spy,
sos May last fays, * I revere a government
“ in which the 72gal power has o part, and
¢ which [ hope will be untverfally eftabhifh
¢ ed in these colonies, but would #mof Ja
¢ ¢rédly guard the fountains of that govern
“ ment, lealt any thing (hould gain admit
¢ fance, which might contaminate its puri
ty, ebrust its due course and deffroy its
¢ filutaty influence”’—The sentiments of
this aurhor are gesuinely pattiotic, and every
gentieman of any feching for his pative coun
try mult apprave tnem, ~thofe who are in
firumental o the subversion of the wvery
principles of gond goverament, should be
attentively warched and guarded. The am
bition of men ils unbounded, and no man
‘breaihing theuld be intrulted with too much
power nor with offices and places opposite
instheir infhituaons, incompatible with each
é“{“"fi?i"l‘he public have an inherent right
to complain of Gricvances and to request
:re,i‘xwdxt‘a Unader ihe king of Britain’s late
ébvermng:t of this {tate of NewHampthire
5&?‘3 people complained of the court of ap
‘peals;and the fawiily compadt so called,which
meant the Councelers,- -who were appoint
‘&d by the king out of a family conne&ion,
and that conneétion fharad sll the places of
"_.,fionor and p'wafi_t amongfi themselves flfld
friends———Qur present genéral assembly,
hank God; have abolithed that iniquitous
court, whole members by its constitution,
were uncontrouled judges and juries at the
fame time—we could have withed to fee the
lame afl-mbly would have condemned the
dangerous consequences of lodging the leg
islative and executive powers in the fame
persons, which is a political fslecifin, and e
qually destructive as the court of appeals.
For the remedy of which no person should
sustain but one office at a tima under the
government, and all officers to have [alaries
in proportion to the importance of their of
fices, but such a regulation should not take
place till made by an assembly, the mem
bers of which have no places themselves, but
their feats in said assemblies, otherwise they
will be judges of their own wages—which
ought never to be the case in any govern
ment, the fountains of which ought o
be as pure and free as a living spring,
AMICUS REIPUBLICA.
Excrisu Harsour. (indntigua) June 3.
Last weekarrived here his Majesty’s ship
the Hynd, Capt. Bryne, after having landed
3 companies of the Goth regiment at St. Au
gustine. DBeing informed on his return, that
in a creek near Sunbuty in Georgia, a brig
antine lay taking in lumber, near which was
a thip on the stocks pierced for twenty guns;
Captain Bryne,when h@arrived off that place
ordered histender and boats armed, who set
fire to and burned both, This expedition &
voyage was performed in the space of fix
weeks ; but its success was'damped by the
loss of Lieutenant Nicholas, 2 very worthy
otficer, who commanded the tender, but loft
company about 3o leagues from land, and is
supposed to have foundered.
It is observable that we have 4 more pow
erfal {quadron on this flation than we have
had since the year 15771. It confifls of the
portland of 50 guns,carrying Admiral Young’s
flag,Captain Damare(q ; the Argo of 28 guns,
Capiain Garnier ; the Hynd of 2.4 guns, Capt.
Bryne ; the Seaford of 24 guns, Capt. Col
poys ; the Pomona of 18 guns, Capt. Baft
wocd ; the Hawk of 14 gung, Capiain Coo
per ; the Endeavour armed vessel, Captain
Tinfley ; another armed veflel to be purcha
sed, and the Sandwich tender, commanded
by Captain Douglas. Orders are received
from England to raise the ships ccempanies
to the highest complement of men.
PHIL ADELPHLI A Fuly 1%
Extralt of a letier from Crown Point,
7l 3. |
-~ “We left Sorrel the 14th of Fune, and
arrived at Isle aux noix the 181 b, after ba
ving burned and destroyed two gondolas, two
schooners and a sloop, which we conld not ges
over th> Rapids, together with the forts Cham
ble and St. Jobns and Hazens boufe. While
we lay at Isle-aux Noix, 8 ofjicers and 4 pri
vates, of tbhe Gibh baitalion, went without
their aims to a French boufe on the eppofite
Jbore, about a mile from the encampmen:, in
order to get [pruce beer, where they were as
tacked by a number of Indians, who killed and
scalped Capt. Adams, Ensign Cuibértfon, and
two privates, & losk prifenersCapt. M' Lane,
Lieutenants M, Farran, M, Callifier and Hog,
and two privates 5 Capt. Rippey and Ensign
Ku/b made their escape. As soon as tbe firing
was beard, a boat was [ent to their afistance,
but too late.”
Fuly 23, _ _
Extracl of a letter from Williamsburg, Virgi
nia, fuly 13.
‘¢ A battery of two 18 puunders was open
ed on the eriemy’s fleet on Tuesday morning,
whilst another of tour 9 pounders p’ayed on
their works and campon Gwin’s Iffl)and. In
a short time the whole fleet was forced to
tow out ‘of reach of the battery ; their fire
ceased after a few rounds. T'heircamp was
thrown into contusion, and in the night, be
fore we could procure boats to cagry over cur
men, they removed all their tents except one,
their cannon except one, and all their flores,
&c. There were three tendersin the haven,
which attempted to preveut cur paflage. =
Their works were fill manned a 5 if they
meant to dispute their ground, but as {oon as
our soldiers put off in a few canoes they, re
treated “precipitately to their ships, “The
tenders tell into our hands, one they set on
fire, but our people boarded it and extin
guished the flames. The Enemy buarnt two
tmalil vessels, and the night following, a very
large thip, tuppofed to be the Dunmore, sos
she was very much damaged, having recei
ved four 18 pound thot through her sides and
a double- headed one through her flern which
raked her. Her mate was killed, a failog:
bad his arm taken ¢ff; and Lord Dunmore
had hisleg wounded by thisthot: The ficet
bas lailed trom the island, which we are in
quiet poffefficn of. From their works and
preparations for others, and ftecks of cattle
left on the island, it is evident they left it
much against their inclination and long be
fore they expected it. We found :50 graves
and 12 dead negroes lying in the open air.
They have had a dreadtul fever among#t
them, and the {mall-pox, I with our army
may not catch the infection. The Roebuck
was at the mouth of Rappahannock. The
Fowey and Otter did not choose to come to
the afliftance ot the Dunmore, which unfor=
tunately for her, had chinged station with
the Otter, and by this means came into the
jaws of our battery which was contealed.—
We did not loose 2 man.”
Dr. William Shippen, junr. is appointed by
the Hon. Congress, Surgeon General and
Director of the hospital tor the Flying Camp.
InCONGRESS, Julyg4,: 756.
Resolved, That the Board of War be em
powered to employ such a number of perions
as they shall find neceflary to manufa&ure
Flints tor the Continent ; and for this Dur
pole to apply to the refpeétive Assemblies,
Conventions, and Councils or Committees of
fatety of the United American States, or
Committees of Inspection of the counties &
Towns thereto belongiug, for the names and
places ot abode of perfons{killed in the ma«
nufafiory aforefaid, and of the places in
their respective States where the best Flint
Stones aré to be obtaired with samples of the
fame. .
By Order of Congress,
N JOHN HANCOCK, President.
’ Nt.W - ¥ QOR.K, Julyas.
By the last account we had of the two men
of war that lately went up the North river,
they then lay in Haverfiraw Bay, their ten
ders cruizing about ; last Saturday one of
them went near the tfort, upon which cur
people fired a 32 pounder at her, which went
through her quarter, when she tacked about,
and stood down the river. Some time after,
they landed a party of their men at Peck’s
Kill, set fire to a wheat-field, and burnt the
house of Mr. Joha Lilly ; a number of the
militia were {oon colleéted, who attacked
and killed {even of them, without any loss on
flaurfide_LM.—:—mewww
Extrall of a letter from an officer at Fort George, j
to his friend an officer in NewaYork, Fuly 14.
¢ I never,never knew the fatigue of 2 cam
paign until I arrived at Canada. The most
shocking scenes that ever dppeared in 2 camp
were constantly exbibited to view, When
Genesal Sullivan arrived in Canada, the ar
my was torn in pieces by sickness and other
unaccountable occurrences. A whole regi
ment was not to be found together :- Gene
ral Sullivan with his usual aétivity and alert
ness collected together a debilitated, dispiri
ted army ; tried the firength of the enemy,
who were at least four to one, and performed
one of the most remackable retreatsthat was
ever known. No person who was not pre
sent can conceive a tenth part of the diffi
culties attending it ; the enemy at our heels,
3coo of our men sick with the fmall-pox—
thofe who were most healthy like so many
walking apparitions,——Alll our baggage;
stores and artillery to be removed, officers ag
well as men all employed in hauiing cannon;
&c. *Our batteaus loaded were all'moved
ap.the lapids {ix miles, one hundred of therm
were towed by our wearied men, up to their
armpits in water.————This was perform~
éd in one day and a half; cur sick and
baggage 2l fafely landed at St, John’s and
from thence at Crown-Point, with .the loss
of only three canron; which were “but poor ;
-ones. All this was accemplithed, thro’ th