Newspaper Page Text
DAILY DEvMOCRAT. Ofalral Journal of the state of Louisiana. Oflcial Journal of the City of New Orleans. O0*, 109 tGrader Steet. GEtxORl W. DUPRU a GCO., PBOPt11E TO1tB. 0110RE W. DUPRn, J, J. REARETY, JOHN AUGUBTIN, ALBIRT O. JANIN. . J. HEIASEY............... EDITOR. RATES OF BUIT8URIPTION.I The Dally Demoorat. O. te ....................... Thr e 1-onthB .................... i N. Cue Month ....................... Payable in Advance. The Weekly Demosrat. The Weekly Demrat a eight-pa ollowinira t. ........ .................... 0 Payable in Advance. asw OtULANS, erPTrNnas 19s, 1aIs. THE FREE TRADE LEAGUE. Yesterday we published an article taken from the New York Journal of Commerce, urging the formation of a free trade league throughout the coun try. There is no doubt that this is the most propitious time for such a move ment, and we trust that the igitiative astion taken by the recent convention of free traders at Saratoga will not'be al lowed to lose its impetus, but that the national committee of the association that called that meeting will strike while the iron is hot, and do what they can to give vitality to this great move ment they have inaugurated. There can be no doubt that the com mercial experiences of the past few years have worked a wonderful revolu tion in the minds of men upon this question, and that the conviction is rap idly coming to them that protection and its artificial stimulants cannot supply the healthful and substantial prosperity which the natural and untrameled ope rations of trade, making and ruled by its own laws, can afford. We' are now learning, as England learned before us, by bitter experience, the truths of prin ciples that have been established for more than a century by arguments and statistics as solid as those on which the truths of mathematics are based. This question is coming up in the next Congress and in the most formida ble shape. Indeed, it seems that Amer lea It protection mad, in spite of her free and republican institutions, and to it she runs as the panacea for every com mercial or industrial disaster. For ex ample, the recent labor riots and the depression which produced them have evolved but two ideas, both of which are but protection, and in a more bane ful shape than it has ever before as sumed in this country.. On one side we have the railroad magnates, the monop olists and corporations, clamoring for an army to protect their privileges and monopolies against the assaults of labor, that has been demoralized and oppressed by a derangement of trade and industry, resulting solely from gov ernment interference with commoce and manufactures. On the other hand, we find the laboring classes demanding that the government shall take in hand the greatest industries of the country, and exerclse over them a supervision which is clearly and flagrantly outside ofall governmental functions. Inter ference by government upon either side can in the end do nothing but harm, and to prevent this is the immediate task to which the free-traders may ap ply themselves, by presenting the only source of our troubles, protection, and the sole remedy for them, free trade. The disenthralment of our trade and industry is a great and splendid aspira tion second only to that of political and personal freedom, but it is one which can be worked out only by the people themselves. Like the latter, its conces slon must be forced from our rulers, otherwise it will never be achieved. In deed, of all the social theories that have ever been broached there is none so un tenable, so utterly absurd as that the evils of society, of whatever character, have ever been pliated by legislative remedies afforded at the suggestion and by the sagacity of government. "No great reform, no great political im provement, has ever been originated in any country by its rulers. The suggest ers of such steps have invariably been bold and original thinkers, who discern the abuse, denounce it, and point out how it is to be reobdied. At length, if circumstances are favorable, the press ure from without becomes so strong that government is obliged to give way." These are the golden words of one of the greatest and most resolute of mod ern thinkers, and they plainly indicate the source from which the reforms de manded mus: oome. In this instance we are called upon merely to recognize truths and principles that have long prevailed in the most enlightened coun tries and which are established by a chain of testimony that is irrefutable. Sad experience has finally impressed them apon us, and now the "outside pressure" must be brought to bear to compel their recognition from the gov ernment, and to do this is the work of the free traders and their league. In illustration of what we have said we refer to the abolition of the c :rn laws, one of the most remarkable re forms in the history of England. Those who are but little versed in history will asoribe their repeal to the wisdom of Parliament. But those who look deeper will see that their repeal was forced from rI~ment by the activity o: the Anti-Corn Law lea.gue, which, in turn, were but the instruments of a publio opinion far stronger than they, but which they certainly deserve the credit of having organized and given method and practical direction. Public opinion, the fruit of necessity, is now ripe-yes, clamorous-for the reform of our tariff, the destruction of monopolies, the with drawal from corporations of vested and exclusive privileges, and the entire dis enthralir eat of trade from the restric tions with which it has been hampered and almost destroyed by government interference. Let the League consoli date and direlt this popular conviction, strengthen and disseminate its views, and it will soon be able to compel from Congress what will never be given by voluntary concession. What we need in this instance is not new laws and additional restraints, such as are proposed in the bill for the in crease of the army and the supervision by government of railroads and the establishment of labor bureaux. The reform here will be achieved, as in every modern instance, not by doing some thing new, but by simply undoing all that is old. The best legislation has al ways been destructive of preceding leg islation; the best laws those that re pealed existing laws. This is all that is needed. In the instance just cited all that was done was to repeal the corn laws. Therein consisted the whole reform, and the result was to leave trade to its natural freedom and to place it on the same footing as if legislation had never interfered with it at al. The whole scope and tendency of modern legislation is to restore things to that natural channel from which the ignorance or corruption of preceding legislation has driven them. This is all we ask of our legislators, and this will accomplish all that is de sired; but if they go further they are bound to overstep their proper func tions, and in every instance incalcula ble harm is almost certain to follow. All that they can do is but negative and is nothing more than to afford the op portunity of progress; the progress it self must depend on other matters. It is to obtain the repeal of the many restrictions upon our domestic as well as foreign trade, and to restrain the meddling spirit of our legislation that will be the mission of this league, and the people are now ripe for its labors, the ultimate success of which can be doubted by no enlightened and thought ful mind. Let them push their work, then, for a more propitious day for a great and necessary reform was never seen, for never before were the evils of bad and meddling legislation so op pressive or the causes of distress so ap parent. QUARANTINE. The yellow fever is prevailing in Ha vana, and nearly all the vessels in that port are infected. Dr. Finney, the officer at the Mississippi Quarantine Station, reports to our Board of Health that there are at his station two infected barks in ballast, two brigs and one bark loaded with coffee, and that the steamer Margaret, with a miscellaneous cargo, has just arrived from Havana with yellow fever on board. There are now at Dr. Finney's station five cases of the fever under treatment, while two deaths have occurred. At the Itigolets there is a vessel quarantined with two cases on board. Dr. Choppin, president of the Board of Health, has given orders to rigidly enforce the quarantine regu lations, and there is little or no danger of any infected vessels reaching this port. There has not been in many years so favorable a season to test the efficacy of quarantine in ekeluding yellow fever from this city, and we are gratified to know that the Board of Health are de termined to thoroughly apply the test. In 1873 the Valparaiso brought the yellow fever into New ,Orleans, and several hundred persons died of the disease. From the Valparaiso the fever was carried on board of steamers which took it to Memphis and Shreveport, and we all remember with what virulence the pestilence established itself in these two cities. Even now we shudder to recall its desolations there. From 1873 until last summer the germ of the dis ease has lingered here, producing each summer a number of deaths. The severe cold of last winter, however, seems ut terly to have destroyed the poison. Not a single case of yellow fever has oc curred in New Orleans this summer; not a case of disease in any respect re sembling it has occurred. New Orleans is now, and has been all the summer, one of the healthiest cities in the United States. It is the determination of the Board of Health that this state of things shall continue if there is efficiency in quarantine and sanitary regulations, and every good citizen, we assume, will sustain the board in the enforce ment of those laws and regulations which they deem essential to the pre servation of the health of the city. No unnecessary restrictions will be imposed upon commerce. But every consideration must yield to those pre cautions which scientific men deem necessary to exclude the dread scourge from our midst. Ship captains, and many others, are too apt, in the prose cution of their individual interests, to lose sight of the public good ani to look upon restrictions imposed upon them in the general interest as arbi trary and needless. We assume, how ever, that no more terrible calamity could befall this city than the introduc tion into it this fall of yellow fever. Dr. Choppin and other eminent physicians who have spent years in the investiga tion of this subject firmly believe that yCellow fever can always be excluded from New Orleans. They should, there fore, be sustained in all the important steps they are now takingto prove the correctness of their views. The period of danger has almost passed. So far not a single case of the fever has oc curred here, and the members of the board feel confident that the enforce ment for a brief period of the quaran tine regulations will render the city perfectly safe. THE FARMERB' STRIKE. A letter from a country merchant in Brookhaven, Miss., to Messrs. Payne, Kennedy & Co., of this city, gives an account of a remarkable move ment in Lincoln and adjacent counties I called the "farmers' strike," in which three-fourths of the population have en gaged, against the merchants. The farmers allege that the merchants charge them fifty per cent profit on the supplies they advance them on their crops; that this is exorbitant and that a pound of cotton ought to pay for a pound of bacon; on this hypothesis they demand in their settlements with the merchants fifteen cents per pound for their cotton, and refuse to settle upon any other basis. Upon the other hand the merchants claim that they charge no higher per centage than their customers at the be ginning of the year agreed to pay for supplies on twelve months' credit. The merchants affirm that it costs them in rents, insurance, clerk hire, etc., not less than 25 per cent on their invest ments to do business on a credit basis; that their losses on cotton taken in set tlement is fully 10 per cent, and that consequently, conceding that they col lecot all that is due them, they realize only 15 per cent in their business. The movement among the farmers of the region of country r ferred to against the merchants is rapidly spreading, we are told, and the state of things is not at all cheerful. It seems to us that fifty per cent on advances to the farmers is a very high and oppressive rate, but we certainly cannot see upon what ground the farm ers hold that a pound of cotton ought to be worth a pound of bacon. They might just as well affirm that a pound of cot ton ought to be worth a pound of gold, and then refuse to settle their accounts upon any other basis. The value of com modittes is regulated by demand and supply, and not by any such arbitrary proceedings as those, we are told, the farmers of Lincoln have instituted. If the merchant charges the farmer exorbitant prices, the farmer ought to give his custom to some other merchant. We opine, however, that the farmers are pretty much in the power of the local merchants; they cannot make their cotton without advances of corn, meat, etc., and at the end of the year it, of course, takes all their cotton to pay for supplies which they have bought on credit at prices ranging from ten to twenty-five per cent above cash prices. And thus the farmers are never able to emancipate themselves from the fifty per cent tax of the merchants. Let the farmers of the country referred to step up to the office like little men, pay up squarely for what they bought at the prices they agreed to pay, and then go home, put enough land in corn to meet all their needs, raise their own pork and provisions, put the residue of their land in cotton, and at the end of the year they will have corn and meat in abundance, and their cotton crop, whatever it may amount to, will be clear money; they can then snap their fingers at the merchants who charge them fifty per cent on advances and use their cash to buy from those who will sell them cheapest. 1'The American Public Health Associa tion meets in Chicago on the 25th inst. Dr. Samuel Choppin, President of the New Orleans Board of Health, has been invited to attend the meeting and read a paper on yellow fever and its preven tion by quarantine and disinfecting agents. Dr. Choppin had proposed to attend the meeting of the association, but the prevalence of the yellow fever in Havana, and his earnest desire and purpose to fully test the efficacy of quarantine in protecting this city from that pestilence, may induce him to forego his trip and remain here on the ground with the Board of Health to give his personal and indefatigable attention to the experiment. Should Dr. Choppin not attend the Association, we hope, nevertheless, that his paper on the interesting and vital subject he proposed to discuss before the meeting will be published. The efficiency of quarantine, disinfecting agencies and sanitary measures in pre venting the introduction and spread of pestilence has often been discussed by able scientists; but its consideration from the present advanced standpoint of science, by a physician so eminent as Dr. Choppin, and who has had such a wide field of observation, cannot but throw new light upon it and prove of incalculable service to society. The last rumor is that Cameron and Hartranft are about to strike a trade. Hartranft does not want to go to the Senate after all, but is immensely in favor of Don's re-election, the consid eration whereof is that the caucuses will urge his nomination for the Presi dency. This is what you might call Sdealing in "futures" with a boundless margin. It is now authoritatively stated that the Hons. Charles Foster and Garfield have concluded that it will be just as well to let the Democrats organize the new House of Representatives. Modest and fair-minded men, if they do come from Ohio, WAUGONS I CAN CARTS I 8POIrIs mEa. Wr. bOafla%.A., I8 and SO Union and Is and 11 Perdido oe Agrnt for the 0elebrated "HTtpDFa - Re" WA OON, A and SPINDG WOR of all kinds and sizes Dealer In Ph illlie lhla and Western Cane Wagons, Carts and .Draye: Timber Wheels; Wheelbarrows of all tlsirhtlons; "pokns, Fpl loee. Hlbs. h4Iaflte, et. Whoelwright mtatrtial i. Orders promptly filled. All work warranted. AM lii NOTICE TO TEACHES. OFFrmUt 'HIEF '4tPE lNTEN` a l r T'T PUR , I, HOi. I New Orle'Jnlr. Hopt. Rs, 1877 All ntpll.atni for pos itlors as tenthers In i the (ity lehooi,'l, wtll haw'v not vet recordled In tilh Hultirll(intendllntl'e 01111, tiheir nrlmnes, rsidencltes and the grad'es for which they wish to be ox anIlntid, are reqljrd in t dto so, o'Ithr i personil ly or by written i'onullttnlinatlot, pireviouslt to thel ,Xllninaftin ltiioluitell for MONI)AY, 24t1 iinst. WM. O. lIOIGF.t', Stpnrinllntlent P'ublic eohools of New (Orleans. sell' J, CARPET WAREHOUSE, IT.............Chartres Mtrett..............17 Stock at. greatly reduced prices for cash. We are now oflerin our large andil chole stock of CAIIPETS, OIL CIUOTil MATTING WINDOW 8HAlI) 1. CURTAIN MATEIIAL., elte., at a great redull tiol of ,rimse. Parties wishing to vpllrretae or to Inform tllhetseIves will Iind It to tholr Interest to call and examine our stoek anid prleCs. eeln nu&W, A. BIOU tIEAU & HON. BLA4IKMAN'N COMMERCIAl, COLLEGEF. lla . Corondelet street .... .181 ()pen dliy P1il( nevenIlinlg tilie nlltir yearI. Init rutlion private. Termsll nil follr ci r t.intr. .1 W. IBLAC(KMAN, l'rJprieor,. solis mH 2n 1lp ELKIN & CO., 10i ..... .......Canal street. -...........10 Arc rli'eleviltlg new and eleganlt styles of AXMINSTER, VELVET, DIUBUHEL,. THREE PLY and INGRAIN CAII'ETH, OFFICE MATTING1H, WINDOW HFIADEH and COIINICEH. OUIRTAINH and UI'HOLSTEIIY G00OD14 OIL (CLOTIIH, from six to eightnen feet widhi, At the Lowest Prices. soil lrnldp F. NEWHALIL, Importer and Dealer In Wall Paper and Window Shades, WIIOLEHALE AND RETAIL. No. 40 Camp street. Priten to stlt the times. nlt 1m tld THE NEW ORLEANI PACIFIC RAIL WAY IOMPANY hIlave retrntovd their offRle to theIl i'omtlllliitrs groutnd floor of llth l ui iluing No. lii l ('iorlltmonl street, formnrly ocrupi.ild by t"lh Now Orliaitts hi.slighlt Coniian y. In nlaking this annlotllinemotnt tlhny duliro Io uexre.es their thlanks to I thoe I tf heir follow titizens whol hlvothuR far exte.nded litheir aidl to this groat onte'rprlse, while again appsti,'allng it the entiirte uomnintillt y to priomptly i'.ne fur war'ldanti subsirilb in ali'ordlallieo with tt lir tlli nns, in order to, e tlltlt oe ti h diru"tulory to puiit with rlltenewedl vigor t h work Ia lrceadiy iso farl Iv' comlpllshnd to ontploltion, Ev'ery faeolitly will Itbo given, on appli'lation at th elte', t, to idpart thho infoirmatlion re ulroI 1rel to convin te cvory 'rlno tlhat t.ho Inei'iess iof tlheI road Is aiseurl'd t1. sooln as lh1e Sitmill if $'7r.,000 is rai'c 'hld, ither in subsrl., lptio. i to the first monirtgtagu lhonds ior' it tile stock of the iornttltl, y. In oird"r to placl t.hilr slct'llitlees withlin rowhI of all cil.ses of ilour people, the e(,Inpatniy hIave isshloul strip limited int allmoi nlt to $iion.l idi. tnil nlundol r ' i ihlt ol t llor 'for sto k whlti Ir i',.intil in sums of slc. o -rfor frilght oir pr~icl.g fii 'ompletilon of the roal. 'This srip is divlded into ,0 tI.It.s of $51i. 2ii,. $li li d $5. trtlnsferabilt l )by bearer. tlhins enllllling all to lillI this litnenaur ably ilmportant work, tho iti'iass of which will largely r loutlildl to th1 Interestts oif every unin. woman i nl id childl in i this ity. With regardtt tio t ll'fir-4t mortgit.io I nioil ,. io otlt tan dolubt ltheir being a flrst l las. invl't inont, apart from thllie tillaitliril atllvanllltag.s whieli will hbe' derived by ttio raiill'Pits of this '1ly: nll thiattthey willb ie si regairded Iv b 1our mniein'ytud lnstitlutons the cotimpany rf.lfr to a reloimmoldation rlt madel a horlt, timtne ilano bty the p.reldeinits iif nearly till our tututiks antil in uiiranxIe) culmalltil.s of the s'ilionll lmrtgliagi 7 tsr e-nt bonits otf thu 'ot panrly, wlen sucllh tot 188ilue was contenlplatlld. To show th1 cionhdincie1 filtl. by thl·se inlitu tlons in thle tirolosiled rotil, thir ollt ';li rs retcim nlmnd lihS sAln'Slid mortga.!e bondI. oif the, Nlrw Orleans 'Pacilll HRallway (tolany atn i a "llrnt class 7 per iclnt per anntlm intire.t paying investment." and slay "they will be racuIived by tllhtir severtil instiltiutons eas set~trily fitr Ioalns wlthl tie m tIeli rilt.di ne ll tS It Illy othter 7 lter c'i'it. seculrity il the Stiatlt'f Louisianall they un ]lt'sititlnugly commend these bonds for invest - merit" Withthis indlucement suptplemrntctd by the assuLraLnces( that the company can obtitn atll else necesHsary to placo the entire road in working ortder when th!s seemingly ismall sum shall have been provided for. and furthor, thllt in steadi' of second mortgige, first mortgage 6 I per cent bonds are sltbstituted, can ,any iitizon, who rearlly dleslres tho prosperity of this city. whlich hias heen so long retatrded bIy the sinle want of proper cmmunication with the almost ilnx haust.abl, resour' 's of TexLas, Arkaunsas and Northern L.otlisiana faiil to respon'd prolnptly to E. B. WHEEI.O('K. Preosident New Orleans I'i-itli Railway Com pany. sel Im2dv SCHOOL BOOKS. HavIng been awar(ded by the State Bu'ard of Edlucation ai majority of the bids for furnishing the public sehools of the State. and having ar rangements with pubhlsher.-. we are preplaredt furtnishl the following books at prices namend. Column No. 1 is liwest retail ptice adopted; clilullIn No. 2 exchaige price, for first introdui tiin, when books of similar grade in actual use are takeni in exchange: N. 1. No.2. Watson's Inldepend,-nt Speller - (o . Watt-on's Primary Reader . 2 11 Wa son's S 'cond Iiealder . I0 21 watson's Thlird R-aler .......... :, .Watson's t'oirth ILRaer ..a 7o Watson's Fifth Reltuler . $1 lii 5i WV;tsrn iaS Sixth Reader 1 214 5o Steelc's Philosophy, Astronomy. ca..h ....................1 20 ; Steele's Chmis.:ry, Geologyeah 1 201 67 Steelc's Zoology ............... 1 2o 6;7 Private s h .ol. will be allowed same priccs as Dpihluc sr:hoolk. Other lists will be publibhed hereafter. LIBERAL DISCOUNT TO THE TRADE, J. C. EYRICH, BOOKSELLER AND STATIONER, 130............Canal street ..... .,.....13 IEW ORLEANS. sell-lm2dp JEWELRY AT AUCTION mllWWL r * "Pt 0:rasD .Y" .&.29D WPMR Z.ED&'1 I. C. LEVI, Auctioneer, 0os ............................ anl tre .............an Street. . . .............0 WILL OFFER, TWIUE A WEEK, HIS LARGE AND ELEGANT STOCK OF JEWKLIIY AT AUCTION, And remainder of daye will sell at Private Sale nas usual, from FIVE to TWE "I.-mYfl Pt CENT LESB than any other establlshment which advertises dally. Watches Repaired and Diamonds Reset Only by skillful workmen, at the lowest rates. JIeo am I. C. LEVI, le OCanmal sIe, ALBIN ROCUFIEt.EAU PIEIBB CIIAItLES T. DUGAZON. ERINf, T A. ROCHEREAU & ,CO., COMMIRSION MERICHANTS, SOLE AGENTS FOR THE SALE OF ZRGJ & COMPAN1'S CHAMPAGNE. IMI'OITEItRS OF BIRANDIlS, WINEP, VERMOUTHIIS, OILS, ETC., - South WIlliam at., New York. 16 and IS St. Louis Street, New Orleav& aule9 3m PHILIP WERLEIN, 135 CANAL STREET, TOURO BUILD)ING, LEADING MUSIC HOUSE OF THE SOUTH, DEFPIES ALL lO@MPNWIt1SM. Best Pianos and OrgaLs, Lowest Prles, Most Liberal Terae, Largest Atgrigag, SEver Offered La te USea. SOLE AGENTS FOR TIlE WORLD-RENOWNED CIII'KERING PIANOS, The nest and Most Perfeet Pianos Made, ALSO, FOR THE ELEGANT UPRIGHT HARDMAN PIANOS, In tone and toucih superior to the Pleyel Planns, of equal durability and sellinR o100 lees. War ranted to give good satisfaction or the money refunded. Bold on small monthly paymenta or very low for oash. Sole Agents for the Celebrated Mason & Hamlin, Estey and New Eng. land Organs, JUST REGEIVED PER STEAMER ALICE, Fiive CGames I Mmticl Tanetruampetm. The Trade Supplied below Northern Prices. so17 GRUNEWALD 11ALL, TIIE LARGEST MUSIC HOUSE IN THE SOUTH. S1ENERAL AGENCY OF THE LEAI)ING PIANOS OF THE WORLD, STEINWAY & SONS, W. KNABE & CO., PLEYEL, WOLFF & CO., (PARIS, ) And the Finest Parlor and Church Organs, Reduced Prices. Accommodating Terms. DIRECT IMPORTATION OF Musical Instruments for Bands, Strings, Accordeons, Music Boxes, At Wholesale and Retail. Speclal Prices to Country Ierchants. Sheet Music Below Publishers' Prices, And at corresponding low fligures to Professors. Schools, the Clergy and Country Merchants. TRIAL ORDERS SOLICITED. ESTIMATES FURNISHED AND CATALOGUES MAILED TO ANY ADDRESH. LOUIS GRUNEWALD, eel Erunewald Hall, 14, IS, IN, 20 and SS Baronne street, New OrlMami. IIII A Mt)i7tLýtEM4YVAL . TO OUR NUMEROUS CUSTOMERS, FRIENDS AND THE PUBLIC. -0 Having leased for a term of years the large and beautiful store in the MORESQUE BUILDING, forming the corner of Camp and Poydras streets, we will take possession of the same during the MONTH OF SEPTEMBER, --with one of the- LARGEST AND BEST SELECTED STOCKS -OF FURNITIUR, EVER OFFERED TO THIS COMMUNITY, CONSISTING OF PARLOR, BEDROOM, DINING-ROOM, LIBRARY, HALL AND OFFICE FURNITURE OF EVERY STYLE, DESIGN AND QUALITY. FINE FRENCH PLATE MIRRORS. AND A LARGE ASSORTMENT OF COMMON FURNITURE, OF EVERY GRADE AND PRICE. In the meantime we will REDUCE OUR PRICES on our stock in Armory Hall to obviate the expense of moving. Parties wishing to take advantage of this reduction should call befog. we move. Thanking the Public for their generous patronage during many years past, we hope by strf attention to business and upright dealings, to merit a continuance of the same in our neo quarters. R. M. & B. J. MONTGOMERY. N. B.-We will RETAIN ARMORY HALL for our AUCTION MART. mlh ti