The evening world. [volume], June 11, 1918, Final Edition, Image 14

About The evening world. [volume] (New York, N.Y.) 1887-1931

Image provided by: The New York Public Library, Astor, Lenox and Tilden Foundation

                
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Jobs or Their Own Farms
For Soldiers and -Sailors
Planned for After the War
Sergeant Major Grecnhul's Proposal, Recommended by Mili
tary Authorities, Would Replenish Any lxbor
Shortage and Make Agricultural Develop
ment a Military Undertaking.
By Sophie Irenq Locb
A PLAN whereby soldier and sailors wilt be turned Into proper chan
ntli of Industry after the war la now beforo the Secretary of Com
merce end Labor, and hue been rovlewed by some of the moat
pro&tnont railroad men and flnjinciers of the country.
The plan li based on three contingencies. Should there be a shortage
of labor, should there bo a surplus of labor, and should
there be neither a shortago nor surplus of labor.
One of tho principal features of the new plan Is a
farm army or a "back to tho land" proposition oftor
tho war.
Tho scheme Is one outlined by Scrgt Major Eugene
Qrecnhut, now stationed at Camp Upton, and Is being
strongly rccommondod and approved by military au
thorities. Sergt Major Oreonhut explained tho- plan to The
ETcnlng World as follows:
"The gigantic problem of turning millions of fighters back to peaceful
pursuits without disturbing the labor market, without creating a tremendous
Industrial upbears! and without causing a disastrous downward revision
of labor wages is to-aay receiving uio aucnuoa 01 uo iorcmocx ininaors
of modern times.
"Itiese fartiljrhted mn nnd women
Mi the necesnlty for Immediate
adoption of some plnn whereby each
boaorably-dtoharged soldier, sailor
or marine will tie assurein suitable
opportunity to earn a livelihood for
htmsotf and his dependents.
"Much attention has been given
,tht returned disabled fighter, so that
'to-day each who mill retains a spark
.Ot life la assured a chance to sup
port himself. He will receive proper
training by the Government and pri
vate agencies and an outlet for his
energies la guaranteed. Hut Uio dis
abled man will be ot a great minor
ity. Those who will really need old
will be the men who have como out
of thla war without serlout injur
ia. "England has realized the Import
'anee of making some provision for
;thatr future and has formed a parlia
mentary committee and a Ministry
of Ileconstructlon to deal with thla
problem. Other nations are follow
ing suit. Up to the present America
liss done nothing definite.
"It Is proposed that the President
appoint a permanent commission
which will undertake to obtain profit
able employment for all honorably
discharged soldiers, sailors and ma
Hats.
This commission will be composed
of a Chairman and one representative
Identified with each of tho following
Interest: Legislative, labor, banking,
agricultural, railroad, steel, mining,
manufacturing, textiles, the press, tho
army, tjifs navy.
"The commission will determine, ns
far as practicable, from Information
obtainable from various lines of In-
restoration, an honorably discharged
soldier, sailor or marine will become
part owner of the property, assets
and liabilities of the element he has
Joined.
"This army will retain the ranks.
grades and paya prevailing under
present army regulations. However,
officers will be appointed In accord
ance with their knowledge of agrl
cultural production, distribution and
marketing.
'The land will be deeded to each el.
mcnt organized In the following pro.
portions: Brigade, 1,210 men, 1,313,600
acres; division, 27.162 men, 4,315,000
acres.
"Thla will. allow 160 acres for each
man In tho brigade or division, no
more than ho could gat on a home
stead grant In tho United States or
Canada. However, all land wtll be
pooled and owned by the brlgado or
division to which It has boon deeded
It will not be divided Into quarter
soctlons and a certain quarter section
allotted to a certain man.
"Tho money to finance development
will be advanced under tho Federal
farm Loan Act, to the element un
dertaking the land jrrant ifl the aama
proportion that a Itlto number of In
dlvldunl farmers could obtain loans
wero they to organlzo for their own
good.
"Products will be marketed throuuh
boards composed of commanding offl
cers of the vurlous elements, along
too lines cf tho successful fruit grow
crs and planters' associations In this
country.
"Profits will 'be distributed on per
centnges computed tv the L'omeili.
dnstry, the number of vacancies there gjnn for five years. They will bo dls
are likely, to occur within a year of trlbtitod according to rank, but not In
the declaration of peace. It Is as- the samo proportion that determines
sumed that each Industrial factor ls'BAiarM, After nvo yrariI tno tnt)re
planning for that year In advance, j management will bo turned over to a
Therefore this commission will serve : board made up of commanding offl-
also in me enpacuy oi cumuuuuitu cers or the various elements If both
With the American Army in France
SECOND OF A SElilES OF SKETCHES DRAWN "OVER THERE" BY P. D. BROVN, V. S. A., PICTUR
ING THE INTIMATE, SOMETIMES HUMOROUS, SIDE OF LIFE IN "BILLETS."
the plsns for tho future of Industrial
America.
The commission will determine from
army, navy and marine records th
number of each of all occupational
abilities who are now In any branch
of tho service.
"The commission will act as a me
dium through which men and employ
ers maj be brought toccther.
"The commission will bo In a ppr.ltl.in
to consolidate the efforts of other na
tional agencies interested In branches
of this work. The commission will
aid and be aided by lllto commissions
of Great Brltalu. France. Italy, He!
gtum and other natloiu. Tho commis
sion will bo ablo t. mako rccont
tnendatlona for tho rer nstructlon of
devastated sections of l.urope. It will
plan the part America will play in
uoh work, based upon definite know!
edge of our surplus labor power.
"Bach man In the servlco will bo re
quired, four weeks bc'mo he recelvrs
his discharge, to make a .statement in
wrltlnr of his flnnnelni status and hj.i
prospects of obtnlniiu Immediate em
ployment. Based mor this statement,
a roan may be release 1 rnly when em
ployment Is secured for him or such
other disposition arrunjied for ah out.
lined In tho following patagrupis:
"All men may thus be absorbed by
the community. However It I. ls
Ible that thero muy lo a surplus.
Should thla surplus of unemployed
stem likely to be moro thaniou.ooo after
our Industrial needs and those of other
nations havo been accounted for, It Is
suggested that tho Commission will
recommend that Congress authorize
the opening of good fui-ining land
and large tracts fur uir-l.'iiltural de
velopment, that aid may bo given
our critical agricultural situation.
More than 200,(oO,WiO neret, of such
lands aro nvalUb, not " little ot
which Is In the vicinity of canton
ments which may thus ;a u.lllzed to
advantage after tho war,
SU - - I 1 . . .J
tho Commission and tho board so
agree. .
"After five years, members may re
rnllst or resign. Thoso resigning may
taitn a tortlttcate of Participation for
tncir interest. Resignation before tho
five-year period will cause the mem-
tier to loso all claim automatically to
nil profits and assets of the clement
to which hn belonged.
Tho Certificate of Participation
will be an Interest tearing negotiable
long term bond Issued against the as
sets of tho element.
"I hnvo submitted this matter In
the lirlfw form possible for l-i-o
a problem. Mnnv ntlrt.it nnm mnti
" "
arise. Yet each factor mentioned
herein l.i bused on a thorough knowl
edge of the ultuatlnn. For u period
of one and ono-hnlf yea, previous to
my entrance Into tho military service
t conducted nn exhaustive Investiga
tion of the Industrial labor situation
end of agricultural conditions. Thlx
inves'lgntlnn Included a thorouch
siu.iy of the high cost of llvlmr nrob
mm. Jn January, 1917, I offered the
President h solution to tho problem
of the high rait of living through the
Secretary of Agriculture,"
New York's First Mayor
r-pl!i: first .Mayor of New York
I Thomas Wlllrtt. was Inducted
Into offtco nn June 13, ICfiS.
V'lllett, a wealthy merchant and
trader. gnrrncd New York honestlv
and well, and after his first term of
one year was made Mayor u;ain In
1 087.
j nn immicip.ii government was
composed of fUo Aldermen, three
Dutrh and two English, and a Sheriff,
tilthouah pollen duttrs devolved
Inrsely uixm tho .Mayor, ami ho was
Po'li'o M,iKUtn.'o an will. n ha
ins iroun.es wnn i .cue ni.il u rn, am
('In roiuliict of police affairs was iiub
Jcoli'il to much trttlclHin, e. pnvecdent
ocmar HMiaiuiHiiru wnicn iwh been ad
.it,. .,h L . ... i'.'iNd to 1 imiunoiit the Hdmlnlslra
"'"""'" 'f'r " .' "i tlons of all of .Mayor Wlllett's sua
Billeted
CorrntSt Itlfc ! tvbiuai o. o. XiXrmh WrtSJ
p
Vr- -us.
wovtL site Jairt out
mlV-TVt. -tifiin'-t hi
ffay imX -VhAa u
2.r xienv
Lull Between Battles
A Boredom to Soldiers
Keyed to Fighting Pitch
So They Turn Eagerly to Simplest Forms of Amusement to
Break the Monotony, Interrupted Only by Arrival of
"Trench Papers," Says Emmanuel Uourclcr In
War Book "Under the German ShelU."
9
W1
By Marguerite Mooers Marshall
A
You Can Fool Your Elbows, hut
MENU FOR TO-DAY Bullion a la Profiteer; Zeppelin Sausages; Eclipsed Stmfish;
Cup Custard, Kaiser Style; War Biscuits; Periscope Duck; Macaroni, Served in Hud
son Tubes; Marble Cake From Our Own War Gardens. Order at Will, but Don't
Stop Buying Thrift Stamps.
BY ARTHUR ("BUGS") BAER
Copyrioht, 1918, by the Prsis Publlshlno Co. (The New York Evcnlno World.)
must have pluntcd pcuules. Tho war farms on tho East Side are still
slightly backward In coming forward, owing to the fact that there
Isn't much room on a wludow sill and It Is hard to teach a carrot to
grow sideways, .
Still, every llttlo bit helps, ns the moth said whon he ato a 1018
lmthliiK suit. Uut don't stop buying Thrift Stamps. You may fool
your elbows, but you can't short chango your conscience.
l'KOKlTi jili ih a gent who thinks that nil tho medals havo
milled cdscs. Sinking of tho hospital boats by tho Kaiser is
worse than wilful. It'll Wllhclmful. You said a scoopful.
Tun toots on the steam slrcu means- that th w repplng around.
Beat It for the '.imp-proof wigwams and play pnsbum. Twenty chor
tles on tho stemn J;us horn means Uio Jersey akecters aro skecterlng
around. No euro for that.
Although tho gato receipts were, small, Saturday's rcllppo of tho
un was ontlrrly successful. Fooled "nn old Connecticut owl nn badly
that ho sprained a ligament Jumping off hla roost and got his beak
sunburned. Nows thst tho Kalser'n solid gold yachting cup is pewter
la no surprlso to anybody wlio has ever seen a Ucrlln chef making
chicken pie out ot bob veal. Exported that. It is no llbol to say Uiat
tho old boy Is a red-hended cheater, cxeopt that ho Isn't red-headed.
Tho latest thirst scrum muni i-nntaln less than I per cent, alcohol.
lA)oks like beer when you lirt It to your chin, hut your unso ot tasto
Isn't located In your elbow. War biscuits now being cooked seem to
linve the strength of Gibraltar and nre about tho same complexion.
Feel llko regular biscuits wlicn you aro dorrloklng 'em to your face.
You may swindle your elbow, but 11 is hard to bilk your palato. Get
ting Aerco. Ueall70 that you can't mako omelettes without breaking
eggs. Bui you ought to bo able to mako bl6cults without breaking
teeth. Fair enough.
Bo many periscopes sticking nut of Mr. Atlantic's ocean that the
old pond looks llko nn nsparanus bed. So thick that a Yank sailor
bangs bin hat on nno pcrlwopo whilo ho chokes another periscope to
doath. They make flno souvenirs and It only takes sixty to mako a
lavnllterc. Tho landlord who owub the Hudoon tubes trying to
raise the onto to C cents n copy. Costs 5 cents now, payable In powter
nickels mado out of tho Kaiser's rup, Question Is whether U Is worth
an much to tubo from New York to New Jersey as It Is front Now Jersey
to New York. Can't setllo tho matter until tho Ambassador to East
Orango writes "My Four Years In tho Hudson Tubes." Uy should
It cost a cent moro to elbow your way from New York to Fumohurg
or Odortown7 ou may gyp your elbows, but you can't fool your
pocketbook. War gardens along Upper Fifth Avenue aro blooming
'of pnusuul of marble aUtuary in cm, (bey
Imitation Pepper and
New German Substitutes
ti.. 4..ai.
r) what oxtont Germany has sue
cocded In making substitutes
for articles now unobtainable Is
Indicated In an Interesting nrtlelo by
a correspondent of the "Verdens-
gang," a Chflstlanla paper. Describing
the recent LelpzlR Fair, of which
Germany mado so much, the writer
says:
A surrogate for pepper Is offored foi'
sale which, Judged only by Its ap.
pcarance, seems almost tho same as
real poppor. Tho color, odor, and
tr.ste havo been surprisingly welt 1ml
tatcd.
A tea Is shown to which the name of
"German toa" has been given, it Is
prepared from any one or a combina
tion of a great variety of --plants,
from strawberry leaves to lumen
blossoms. It Is sold to tasto very
much llko genuine tea, but even a
half doicn cups will not rrodnee. the
stimulation caused by n tingle tup
or real tea.
There are any number of surrogates
HAT do they do in tho trenches when they are not flgHtlngf
More than any war that ever was fought Is this one
tuated with week-lonit. even month-long, periods when for
sections of tho line there llternllv I "nnthlne dolne." This stnlemaU
I must hang heavily upon tho erstwhile busy hands of
tho citizen soldiers who mako up tho great fighting
i torco or tno Allies; men who have been accustomed all
' their lives to fill their waking hours with certain dcfl-
nlto tasks. Human naturo abhors a vacuum. How Is
It filled In tho trenches?
One of tho most detailed and realistic answers to
this question Is mode by Emmanuel Bourcicr, tho latest
, of distinguished Frenchmen to give us a war book. His
is called ' Under tho aormnn Shells." and Is tho clear,
orderly, logical record of tho war from the first moblll-
zatioa In 1314 to and through Verdun. M. Bourcier has a whttr-fgt4
Gallic mind, Incapable of, naive, slangy, Anglo-Saxon sportlveuesi. With
i tho deft precision of tho trained man of letters he puts before us In vrd-
ongTavings not photographs or Impressionist sketches ths ln1oa of
Franco, tho Marno victory, tho Battle of Champagne and finally Cm atorlam
making truo of tho glorious phrase, "They shall not pass!"
M. Bourcier already bad served his country ten years in campaigns ta
the East. Nevertheless, ho enlisted as a simple prtvato at tho outc:ak of
tho war. Later ho becamo an expert In the telephone and wlrcloas e cottons
and received his commission as an officer of liaison tho Important serrlen
that co-ordinates tho movements nt airplanes, artillery and Infantry. He
was sent to this country as a member ot tho French Military Commission
and acted as nn Instructor of liaison at Camp Grant, Ilockford, III, resum
ing again to France last December. Onco more he Is "under the German
shells."
Meanwhile, he has given, new vistas
of that life Including a flower garden
ana a rat ngnt in tno trenches. There I .-r-r 7tV3nf
"exlstenco Is characterised by a mo- I , . - USl'B
notony that soon becomes a burden,"
he writes In "Under the German
8hells." "It la made up of waiting
and work. Thero Is much tlmo for
rest and repose. It la a special type
of life, which recalls that o! the
sieges of olden days, when armies sat
long months at a time facing each
other. Ono does not fight all the time.
"What Is thero to do 7 Sleep, cer-
I talnly. Then find amusement, for the
time Is long. Tho hours move slowly.
night follows day and day night with
out bringing change. Therefore ono
must exercise his Ingenuity.
'Some man who loves tho cultiva
tion of the land cares for a wee patch
of garden. A gardon yes, that Is
what I said. In the midst of the
trenches. He has planted somo
pansles. a sprig of stock and thrco
clumps of pinks. Ho waters them
every morning and watches them
carofully. Woo to any careless foot
that might crush theml Theso flow
ers, in tno somore surroundings,
breathe perfume and poetry."
nut other and non-poetic souls
crave other diversions. "At another
spot," says M. Bourcier, "a fight be
tween a dog and a rat Is pulled off. A
Lieutenant sets a fox terrier on a
promising hole of ths rodents. A
group of men look on eagerly. One,
armed with a pick, enlarges the
opening.. Another removos a stone
which was In tho way. The dog.
trembling with excitement, sniffs,
paws, digs, buries his nose In the
earth, scratches, reaches the animal
a't tho bottom of his retreat seises
him! Good dog! He shakes the raj
furiously, breaking his back. Tho
victor Is applauded and petted.
"There Is the man who makes chains
of welded wire; tho one whose hobby
Is photography. Ono mysterious fel
low amuses himself with cookery.
There are some secret pursuits, llko
that of the Inveterate hunters, who
place game traps at twilight and nt
dawn endanger their lives to go out
to empty them, Thero are fishermen
who drop lines In the canal. A li'.m
dred avocations are followed on tho
edge of tho war, side by sldo with tho
tcrvlce, In innga of tho cannon and
punctuated by shells."
T"i Wo havo heard t, and somo of us
I p C) have seen, tho brilliant nnd amusing
French units produced even early In
tho war. Unlike our own "Stars and
Stripes." theso sheets wero not printed
behind the linos but uctunlly In the
righting zone. M. Ilourrlor found IiIh
personal distraction In being editor of
one of theso papers "a great affair,"
bo Insists, gravely,
"Title: 'Tho War Cry.' appearing
once a month. Lvery month, then, I
bod a problem to got paper. An
obliging cjc'lst had to bring It from
the village on tho day fixed. IIu left
It at tho foot of a sapling, no matter
what the uproar ovorheadj no mattsr
how large tho edition of (.hrapnel mes
sage a from the Germans,
"In ono trench tho print shop was
twenty feet underground, it was Ilium
Inated by thrco night lumps set in a
trlunglo. At another plnco tho ehop
was on a level with tho surface of tho
cround and the bombardment scat
tcred sand apd pebbles over the proof,
At another time it was Installed In a
for marmalades, It belnjr a well known
fact thut there Is n scarcity of butter
end Jams to put on bread. Most of
these marmalades aro prepared from
garden vegetables Instend of from
fruits, and with a minimum amount of
sugar. The means by which they are
made and the substances which enter
Into their manufacture are, however,
secrets known only to tho persons
who produco them.
Substitute soap Is offered for eaJo
which Is said to have been prepared
from tho oil In berries and from pum
Ico stone, It lacks, however, tho one
main characteristic of soap, that of
working up Into a rich creamy lather,
otherwise It Is very good. Substitutes
arc also to be had for laundry blue
ing.
Substitute bicycle tires are some
timru mndo of two concentric Iron
rlnirs with small hprlngs , between l bedroom of n ruined house. As there
thnm. Thev aro vcrv serviceable on was no root to eaten tne rain, It fell
asphalt pavements, but aro not as In large tears on the printer nnd the
no'roloss nor as eajy riding as fsnu- printing.
Ine rubber tires.
l (21
r
sued, Illustrated. It was eagirly
sought, and the copies circulated
briskly, carrying gratuitous Joy,
smoothing knit brows, bringing a.
laugh, hnd, finally, carrying to the
rear the gaycty of the front."
For it was such diversions that
were tho mainstay of that lntanrlbla
thing of which wo hear so much In
tho Great War tho morale of the sol
dier. Of tho boredom of life at the
front, M. Bourcier has on admirable
description In "Under the German
Shells." "Wo smoke, and dream, and
sow, and clean our arms. We await
our turn at sentry duty. It ralna. We
yawn. Tho sun cornea out, one rlska
his life to pay a visit to his neighbors.
Tho plcturcsfjuo ceases to he, by
reason of familiarity. One sees noth.
lug of that which at first fixed hla
attention. The deep trohch whtn
crazy grasses hang. Is a road only too
well trodden. Tho mess Is stale, thu
card game stupid. One Is bored to
death and utterly worthless."
Therefore thn flower garden, the rat
fight, tho trench newspaper. "Whan
I look bark upon these labors," ths
author sum up, "they seem to mm
childish. n their place they wore
amnrlnc Thn Great Tragedy held ns
constantly In Its clutch. The man who
was polishing a rlnp for hla fiancee
did not llnlsh It: that very evening a
nan or a piece of shell shattered the
work and destroyed the worker. Ths
man who was carving a walking atlelc
was a mutilated wreck before his work
was finished. The danger was Incee .
want.
"In these occupation.-, we sought "
distraction from tho Uioujrht of It '
nil, but one could never ward off that J
which fate held In store for him. It t
was an Intermission t-natched from
ennui; a truce; and when one waa "
doing farlly well, thinking no more
of physical discomfort and mental
anguish, (suddenly thn cannon barked t
tho a arm was soundo. and the danc
of hell was on again!" "co
c.mrr inu Herman Shells" U nub.
llshed by Charles flcrlbner'a Sons.
AN EARLY INSTANCE.
"We'd hnvo gotten on all right It"
that mako hadn't come along and
Kvo." ChnrR f "10 Rm crop'" Ml-
ir, rcpnen Adam, "this la tha
orig nal caso of tho ultimate conaurn "
"No matter! The number was Is-1 the mlddlcmen."-WaibiV-
i
1
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