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New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, November 23, 1850, Image 7

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'^Zeakertaott eloquenUy spoke of this dial
. XL heavens to mark the ongoings of fame, in
? Jfcic the Earth's axis is the index, and u..i.c a
' SBU a thousand years for an hour. Tw o thou
S vcsrs have passed sinco^ Us motions were
Covered and but - ?
twcr-ty five thousand years, ami have mate o
rtTnlution? . , . , .p.-nlnflnr,
Tl tj third motion of the Earth is the revolution
wend the Sur.. By obs-rvanm.s upon the tixed
Jtsrs It is found that all are spparei
^aUelepticai orbits occapying pr
The direction of their motion is not, however, urn
form owing to tho difference ol time taken by the
passage of light from those at van >us distances
fr*Di "s- a-"8' suppose that either every one
of these stars is moving or that we are moving
gatoag tbem.
Ihe lecturer here explained quite fully the el
fee: of the lights, motion, and the results ol calcu?
lating it on this point
Having concluded what he had to say on these
bodies. Prof. M. alluded to the utter impossibility
of coming to absolute certainty in regard to either
</ them. If, said he, 1 had given me the Sun and
Jarth, with no other bodies to influence them, 1
eoald determine their exact motions for ages ol
eternity itself But put a Moon in revolution
-ound the Earth and all certainty is destroyed.
The mind of man never has nor never cau reach
to the solution of the problem of their motions.
Add to this other planets with their satelites, all
disturbing the others, and all would be chaos to
the astronomer if the superior controlling influence
of the Bun did not render an approximation to
certainty practicable. But when we go beyond
our system, and view those combinations of two
Suusi revolving round a common center with their
Elant ts around them, we arc utterly lost. The
omen mind has no power to comprehend or ex?
plain the manner of their operation.
On Monday evening tho Professor will examine
the subject of a supposed collision between the
revelations of science and the scripture.
STEAM AND ITS USES ;
a LECTURE,
By James Frost, Civil Engineer.
I Reported for The Tribune.]
On Wednesday evening James Frost, Esq. a
distinguished practie&l Engineer and scientific
scholar, delivered before an audience at the
Kooms of tho American Institute, a Lecture upon
Steam, with espcBial reference to a new discov.
ery of the action of heat upon water, whereby
vast results may be obtained by very trifling
outlay.
The many strange misunderstandings and gross
misrepresentations disseminated on these impor?
tant matters, induced the lecturer to examine for
the first time and disclose how enormously Guy
Lussao, Dr. Dalton, other Chemists, and all
writers on the Steam Engine had erred, instating
it required ff? degrees of heat to double a volume
of steam heated apart from water, by showing it
required but four degrees of heat to double a
volume of steam heated apart from water, and
but sixteen degrees of heat to treble, a volume of
?team heated apart from water ; and having at
the same time described simple instruments and
easj means for proving those useful facts, and
more especially the immediate deduction, from
?team being an invariable atomic compound of
water and beat, an additional quantity of heat
must, of necessity, constitute it a distinct cheuii
. cal element, we have named Stame, and shown
it to be both mechanically, economically, and
chemically, distinct trom and ol immensely great?
er value than steam.
This great chemical discovery of a new element,
which can neither be over valued nor disproved,
lias become exceedingly distasteful to numerous
engineers, because it so immeasureably exceeds
their besl performances ; to many learned men,
who, too indolent to examine, or too conceited to
believe, because it exceeds their book knowledge
and cherished theories, whence those gentlemen
Lave learned a little, because but little can be
learned of the inscrutable properties of matter and
of heat, with their peculiar modesty, assume the
knowledge of every property thereof, however
incomprehensible to tho bt'Bt understanding, and
ridiculously attempt to deny or to detract from
any new facts that contradict their impotent theo?
ries, all of which yel broached on the subject of
heat, are so insulncieut and puerile as to be dis?
creditable to the age.
An atrocious attempt of several members of one
of the most learned Universities of this country,
to substitute, by arrogance and fraud, old perni?
cious vagaries lor truth, will be given hereafter,
for the purpose of showing as evil a spirit as tor?
tured Galileo lor disclosing a sublime truth, still
exists in an American I niversity, and, unhappily,
this is not the only instance of several 1 can ad?
duce.
Again, a more learned and liberal professor,
who luib long devoted particular attention to the
subject of steam, has been attempting an apology
ferthe astounding errors of Guy Lussnc and Dr.
Dalton, by stating their experiments having been
made on steam of less temperature than 212 de?
grees, \> ere established laws of nature while all
mine having been made on steam of greater tem?
perature than 218 degrees, though true, were from
that cause incomparable with those writers' ex?
periments, and, therefore, there was no difference
between us.
Very unhappily for those established laws, and
for this most learned and labored apology?but
more happily for science and the general \\ elfare
of mankind, they have led me to tnveatigate the
Combination of greater heat with steam below the
temperature of 212 degrees, because thus dis
cloicd tho greater discovery, that a volume of
steam below 212 degrees, heated apart from wa?
ter, is proportion ally far more expanded by extra
heat, than is steam above 218 degrees expanded
by extra heat ; and these newer facts will become
Unquestionable to any competent judge perusing
tho detail of instruments and means pursued for
eliciting the truth.
The speaker then detailed the mechanical means
and the instruments by which he produced the
results above stated. Hut this part of the lecture
would be unintelligible without diagrams, and we
must therefore pass it over.
The great economy that will result from the
conversion of steam to stame, and its costliness
for motive force, cannot but be apparent to any
competent and candid judge,but grout as is that
economy it possesses other great recommenda?
tions.
First let it be considered how desirable it
Would be that Marine Steamers should bo pro?
pelled with double their present speed aud less
fuel. To accomplish this, it is well known four
time* their present power would be required. To
produce this, sixteen boilers and water must be
?mpjoyed instead of the present four in each ship.
Eight engines instead of the two in each ship,
tour paddio w heels driven at double the speed of
tbc present alow wheels, while double the ton?
nage of coal will be also indispensable.
is Marine Steamers are already burdened with
fuel and Machinery to their utmost capacity, the
foregoing enumeration shows their utter incapaci?
ty for tins or any great improvement, however de?
sirable lor the advance of civilization, and only to
he effected by the use ol stame instead of steam.
R) comparing the peculiar properties of these
distinct elements, it will be perceived that with
the addition of a heater to the present four boilers
ihu*e.the\ would furnish from tho present fuel, a
?sr greater amount ot" elastic Said (stame) of equal
tension with the steam the sixteen boilers would
?W;y\Un four times their present fuel, and as
?r?j!?^.*?ulu oceupv onh hail the liitr,half the
WII. rf\ 1^' N?^ l-oals wo?W sut'
bteB '-atuhe double^t,,ilim,., the sixteen boilers
^d^itureana consume,
more l' 3-Rl": thesnbatuution of simpler, lighter,
SSS^ ^Werful direct Ac?ns Em
Sand m ?r?(8ei,te???"OuS and n eoiess. com
Bed i'l u '>"!"''t'r*"ni.B(,ld fashioned Engines, (the
ter Ennui?.. "?v'w much more than a bet
hmeslof tho awTwS'k?PA!I,eller8 aa<i shtdAMS
yh*ei?, enormous shafth???i?nvc MU'nt P . i
nouses, a!, of which i 1 "?' t ? DoeaJess wueei
woolu be rendered nsl "0De'! contrivances,
btotdxj,} from , "".wess i r destroyed by the first
prop,[lJerf b ? a '"aieoi-war Steamer?properly
e^eni mn,.i;, ''0Wt,r V,u';'- with ail lig iter and
reaaonacd lev"s n:A ?>*?*???-. would (if
AMler?e?^!rtiho wMcr line and indestructible! i
foliW ?fter ' ' i 01 i088^ important matters will
w we have shown the benefit ot employ, j
inc fitanic for locomotive purposes, whereby sonic
is may be immensely benefited at little expense
either of money or intellect
Having observed in a common locomotive bnile
without steam blast,lead was melted by the smoke
in ^its passage from the boiler tubes to chimney
therefore were the steam conducted from boile;
through a tubular heater placed in smoke box,
which beater in such well regulated heat would
outlast the boiler, while the steam converted to
stame without expinse would be sc increased in
volume and efficiency that two-thirds or more of
the f uel and water now consumed in locomotives
would as well serve for their propulsion at pres?
ent speed, or by suitable arrangements be pro?
pelled with fewer stoppages and vastly greater
speed or power, by the combustion of only their
present amount of fuel
As desirable will be these improvements, as
shameful and foolish will become their uegiect,
when the importance aod great number of En?
gines are recollected, for the'saving of which they
are susceptible is immense, and the corresponding
credit of effecting it more immense and should
redound to the honor of this country, as it would
do if not hindered by inefficient theoretical block?
heads, and might be returned to England as a
small and grateful acknowledgment for the Steam
Engine, Spinning Jenny and Power Loom.
.Next, Steam Coaches, so desirable and often
attempted on common roads iu England by Gur
ney, Hancock, Church and others, though unsuc?
cessfully, may now be certain of success?by
using stame instead of steam?for if Jthnse coach?
es could tun as they did with their limited power,
others of similar construction, deriving fourfold
power from the same amount of fuel and water
could not fail to answer admirably, and the inces?
sant attempts of Agriculturists to substitute steam
power for horse power would be ns wonderfully
encouraged and promoted, by finding that steam
power may be quadrupled by the same expendi?
ture of fuel ami water in high pressure engines
supplied with stame.
Again, if these coaches can travel on common
roads, what can hinder such coaches running on
plank roads, ami successfully competing with lo?
comotives on rails, for running as smoothly on
planks, requiring neither turnouts nor switches, so
often misplaced, and misleading to the destruc
truetion of engines and life ; which awful contin?
gencies these coaches are free from, and ought to
be introduced, and might be, with profit and pub?
lic advantage, if only limited in size and weight.
Then let it be further considered how much the
general convenience and prosperity of the inhabi?
tants of cold countries may be promoted by the
use of stame, in a manner and degree hitherto
unexpected and unattempted, and otherwise un?
attainable by the present comparatively improvi?
dent use of fuel, for if the quantity thereof now
daily used for domestic purposes were employed
to propel a small steam engine, it would be found
insufficient for any useful effect, but converting
steam to stame, being in fact tantamount to con?
verting one pound of fuel to four pounds, the
quantity now used for domestic purposes, being
thus quadrupled in efficiency, would be found suf?
ficient for the production of a general highly bene
fieial power.
Then again comparing the peculiar properties
of stame with steam, each escaping from a high
pressure Engine, steam will only boil and warm
?while stame will bake, roast, boil and warm, ao
that stame is not only four times as cheap and
powerful a motor as steam, but incomparably
more useful, because after stame has propelled
machinery with fourfold effect it will still serve
for every domestic purpose, ami in many e ases
better, more- conveniently and far more salubri?
ously than fuel, now employed for domestic pur?
poses alone, and thus double the profit that has
hitherto been derived from domestic fuel may thus
be easily or better realized.
Every Farmer may thus obtain a constant cost?
less power for performing the laborious part of his
threshing, grinding, and other wearisome occupa?
tions, and while adding to his own power the cost?
less willing force of a Giant?his family by ox
changing stove heal and noxious gasses for salu?
brious stame heat, may exchange pale faces and
headaches for rosy cheeks and robust health.
The inhabitants of cities may equally obtain
similar advantages, by similar means, and obtain
an inconceivable amount of costless force (and
will peculiarly increase its vaiue at home, when
employment is scarce ami labor is superabundant,)
for innumerable, ingenious and profitable pur?
poses, and which could by no other means be at?
tempted, which costless force, hitherto unseen
and unknown to Engineers cannot be estimated of
less value in New-York alone?than the power
thnt fifty Croton Rivers (devoted to that sole pur?
pose) could furnish during half the year, atid this
costless force would continually increase with in?
creasing population, and Ilms the onerous expense
for fuel maybe converted into active, comfortable,
and lucrative employment (or thousands who now
languish in usclcssness and wretchedness during
the tedious wintry months.
Mr. frost had a working model i.i the room, and
gave actual experiments of the propositions which
he advanced.
In September last a Committee of the Ameri?
can Institute made a report (written by Prof.
Renwick) upon the discoveries of Mr. Frost. The
conclusions of that report are in the main favora?
ble to Mr. P.
Having seen the thermometrical degrees at
which steam, apart from water, is expanded by j
heat into larger volumes, it becomes important to
learn the actual quantity of beat required for each
expansion, and the apparatus represented by the j
lecturer's diagram, will show, lirst, how small is j
the quantity ol heat required for doubling a volume
of steam apart from water, when compared with j
the quantity of heat required for forming a second .
volume of steam of same tension?and, secondly, !
shows thnt heat in combining with steam is sub- ;
ject to. and controlled, by peculiar laws, perfectly
distinct from those w hich obtain when heat com?
bines with water lor the formation of steam, which ,
requires equal increments of heat for enual incre- |
ments of volume; while on the contrary, when steam
apart from water is expanded by heat, it is not only |
doubled in volume by a comparative trivial quanti
ty id heat butevery additional increase of volume ,
is obtained by a still smaller and rapidly de-creasing
inolement ol heat, so that the greater the decrease
of volume the smaller will be the quantity of heat 1
required lor that latest volume, ami although this j
is so contrary to the geneva! laws of heat, and \
therefore so adverse to common apprehension, the ;
diagram and table will not only show it to be a i
chemical fact, but will furnish the easy means for
any competent person to verify the fact, which
must be acknow ledged to be of the first import
ance, for, were these facts understood, the present
cost and weight of apparatus, and of fuel for the
production of motive force, would both appear so j
extravagant, unscientific, and wasteful, as was
the use of steam for motive force, before the days
of Watt ; yet, tit that period, as at present, e :gi
neers conceited they fully understood the subject, j
'? oft attempted?never reached.''
Though it requires four times the force for dou
ble speed, it is evident, that were the present
enoi mous rate of fuel consumed iu steamers judi- j
ciously applied, it would furnish abundant power
loir propelling them at much more than double
speed, while the consumption of fuel for the voy
age would, of course, be reduced to much less
than one-half.
Ibis increasing forde obtained from decreasing
quantities of heat applied to steam apart from
w ater, not only proves the prodigious economy of
this means ol obtaining motive force, but points
out the physicalcause ol the superlative explosive
force, attendant on greatly ami suddenly heated
eliisiic Huids.
.Many other ami vain able advantages incidental?
ly occurred during the experiments, which are
omitted, because enough is given to stimulate the
most torpid. We will, therefore, only add?
The following advantages have been frequently
verified by several of the most eminent engineers
am! learned and competent men of New-York and
ether places, by a condensing engine and appara?
tus so constructed, when actuated alternately by
con:
.?at
in each separate experiment cvuld be accurately
measured, as well as the power excited by the
engine.
The general results showed that more than six
times the motive force Was realized from equal
quantities of heat ami water, when employed to
actuate the engine with heated steam or stame,
than was obtained from the use of natural steam
-each being alike produced faun the same con?
stant tiro and time, and same engine, which en?
gine, apparatus and scientific instruments are de
TlmnU-slv Inn Iu
N Hawp'*..N< v.N. York...Dec. Florida....Nov. S3
Conueeticut-Nov. 28 [Maryland. Nov. 28 j Indiana... Nov. 28
Vermont....Dec. SjPenn'a?Dec. 12lObio.Nov. 28
Michigan... Nov. 281R Island..Nov. 231 Alabama.. Dec 12
Kentucky...Nov. 28'Districl of Columbu.Nov. S3
EVACUATION DAY.
few-York duiins the llcvolution ? inro
iiion of the Britiftb Troop*?Their I?c
partare ? Pence rrjoiciii^H? S^rrpnrri
lion* for Cotnmemorafion on 7fotn5ny
nrxt.
Having noticed thnt our citizen soldiers had
isely determined not to let the ensuing Anniver
irv of the redemption of this City from British
.raldoiu uass nnhonored. we were about brushing
we are spared the labor by the following articte
distinct and to the purpose, which we find in the
New-York Observer:
EVACUATION OF NEW-YORK.
The near approach of the Anniversary of the
Evacuation of the City of New-York, by the ar?
mies of Great Britain, on the 25th of November,
1763, reminds us ( f the obligations of our citizens
to praise God for the mercies then vouchsafed to
us and to our land. The Sight of sixty-seven
vtars has served to efface, to a very great extent,
the impressions which our grandsires so fondly
cherished in connection with that event. A brief
narrative of a few particulars pertaining to the
i.vacuaf'on may now be read with interest and
profit.
On the tenth of June, 1776, more than three
weeks previous to the Declaration of Independ?
ence, a British fleet, destined for the capture of
the City of New-York arrived off Sandy Hook.?
The announcement of this fact was the signal, by
recommendation of General Washington, for the
removal of the women and children, and their
personal effects, to a place of safety. The General
had made the city his headquarters since the
14th of Apnl in the same year. That portion of
the inhabitants who were opposed to the British
rule, and friendly to Congress, took refuge most y
' on the other side of the Hudson River, and found
among the ancient Dutch families of Bergen,
! Rocklaud and Orange, a transient and unquiet
j ho me until after the war.
I It was not, however, until after the second week
' in September, that the armies of Great. Britain
j landed on the island. A large British and Hessian
j force had effected a landing. August 23d, on Long
I Islami, and secured the approaches to the city
i from that quarter. On Sunday,the fifteenth of Se
raber. 1776. (warknows no Sabbath!) Sir He
inva.Jesr,
3d
River, just above the
Iioi.se estahlishmunt
troops, unprepared tor a successful rcsistan-.'C,
evacuated the city, by the new road which had re?
cently been cu: through the hills en the western
side of the Island, and partially graded, which
now constitutes a part of Broad way. The British
marched in by the "Old Boston Road" as it was
then called,or "the Bowery.'' as now called, along
which at the time were only a few straggling
houses.
lation extended along Chambers-st. on the West,
and Catherine-st. on the East. Not a street had
then been laid out in the Seventh Ward, which
lies beyond Catherine st. along the Hast River.the
whole of which was then known as "Col. Rut
ger'sFarni " Lines of fortifications were subse?
quently erected by the British, extending from
Cob Rutger s farm-house,now " Rutger's Place,"
to Fort Pitt, at or near the junction of Sheriff and
Grand-sts. and thence aiong the hills in the direc?
tion of Grand-st. not then laid out, to Bunker's
Hill, or Bayard's Mount, near what is now the
coi ner of Grand and Mnlberry-sts.; and thence to
the edge of the swamp,through which the present
Canal st. w as laid out years afterwards.
The City proper occupied scarcely more than
hall of tho ground thus enclosed, containing about
4,200 houses, inhabited by nearly .'iO.UUU people.
Of the houses, about live hundred were destroyed
in the memorable fire of the 21st of September,
only six days after the evacuation of tho Ameri?
cans, which consumed a large portion of the
Western part of the City, including Trinity
Church. Nearly the w hole habitable and inhab?
ited part of the town was thus reduced to the
siuice bounded by Broad-st. Now st. the Broadway
from Wall st. to Chatham-st. thence along Chat
ham ami Catherine sts. to the East R iver/
Such w as the city of which the British army
took possession, and which they occupied during
the war of the revolution. Seven long years and
more, the patriots ol the city and their families
were exiles from their homes, while their dwel?
lings weie occupied by a foreign soldiery, ami
their goes wasted or destroyed. A part of the
population submitted to the British rule,and were
suffered to remain in their dwellings, constantly
subject, however, to every species of exaction,
and at the mercy ol every vile informer. A few
were found who received the enemies of their
land with open arms, and became the most cruel
and bloody oppressors of their countrymen. The
population ot the city was reduced by the depar?
ture of the American's, and the seven years' cap?
tivity, to about ten thousand souls.
Ti e last blood poured out by the patriots, in
defense of American liberties and rights, was
shed on James's Island, near Chharleston, S.C.
about the first of September, ITr.;. From that
period hostilities ceased. A general expectation
existed on the part of the belligerents that peace
would soon be proclaimed. The prospect of
peace and of the acknowledgment of the British
Government of the Independence of the United
Mates, was far from affording pleasure to that
portion of tl.e population who had signalized
themselves loyalists. Their active and merciless
io-nt in the cause oi (iient Britain during the war
bad made them exceedingly obnoxious to their
former neighbors, ami to portions of their own
families. They feared w ith reason the vengeance
of those who lino escaped from tfie sugar house,
and provost, and North Hutch Church, .then a
Where their descendants now nve. Rut tue
greater part of them obtained grants of land in
and a passage to Nova Scotia, a large part of
which province is now settled by the descendants
of those who were natives and residents of the
city cd' New-York. The lirst of these expatriated
colonists set su.il in ja fleet of transports October,
1782, and numbered ItJO souls. Similar depopula?
tions took place during the following twelve
months.
Intelligence was received in this city on tho
24th of March, 17c:i, of the settlement of prelimi?
naries for the conclusion of a general Peace be?
tween Great Britain on the one hand, and on the
other, France and the United States of America.
A proclamation for the final cessation of hostilities
w as issued by Congress, April 11th; and on the
l'Jth of the same month, just eight years alter the
first battle was fought at Lexington, Mass., peace
was proclaimed in the American armv. The
Treaty of Peace was signed in,the city of Paris,
September 3d, 1733, and on the 18th of October
following Congress issued a proclamation for the
disbanding of the army on the third of the next
month.
During this whole period of suspense; the city
remained in possession of the armies ol oreat Bri?
tain. Preparations were made immediately on
the arrival of the Treaty of Peace for their re?
moval. The embarcation took place on Tuesd ay
moraine, November 23. A fleet of vessels were
had
irt George, then
>uth of the Bow
>? ?>uuii.co/i. ami wen. ueprge canton. Governor
ol the State of New-York, with their suits : who
made their public entry into the City by the " old
Boston Road, the only Avenue in a passable con
dition, that then communicated with the country.
They were followed by the Lieut. Governor, and
the members ot Council on horseback, four abreast;
and these o\ the officers ol the army, and citizens,
Washington was escorted to Francis' Tavern iD
Quf en-street, -now Pear! street ? at tho corner of
BromLstreet.where a sumptuous m.te t nnment
bad been provided by Governor Clinton, for the
officers ot the army. The ''-aiding has survived
the ravages oi time, and of toe two great fires
w ith which that part of the city hns beendeso
lated, and remains a venerable relic of Colonial
is were the
outbreak or
disturbance occurred. As in the caseof there
turning captives, in Judea in the days of Ezra
tears of sorrow were mingled with their songs
" it was remarked," says an eye-witness at the
time, " that sn unusual proportion of those whe
in '7G had tied from New York, had been cat offbj
death, and denied the pleasure of partaking i'r
the general joy. which flowed in upon theirfellow
citizens, on returning to their ancient habita?
tions." And those habitations, such as had sur
vived the (ires, how marred and mutilated ; in
many cases mere shells and wrecks; and none
more so than the habitations of the Almighty.
The sanctuaries, where th- y and th eir fathers had
worshiped, save St. Paul's, St. George's, the
Mi tbodist Meeting-house in John-st. and some
three or four smaller and obscure places, hail been
converted into hospitals, barracks,riding-schools;
nnd filthy prisons. Years elapsed before, in their
poverty, the people were enabled fully to restore
some of them to their former sacred' uses. The
churches which suffered most from this desecra?
tion were, "two of the LowDutch Reformed
churches, the three Presbyterian churches, the
French Protestant church, the Anabaptist church
and the Friends' new nieetin:.' house."
At the time of the evacuation, izreat uncertain?
ty prevailed in respect to the religions affairs o.
the citizens. Tin' Presbyterian ministers had
been driven into exile. The Rev. Charles Inslis,
D D.. Rector of the Parish of Trinity Church,
having rendered himself greatly obnoxious to the
patriots, determined to follow the loyalists of his
flock to Nova Scotia, nnd accordingly resigned his
rectorship Nov. 1st, 178:). The Rev. John Rogers,
D.D., senior pastor of the Collegiate Presbyterian
Church, returned to the City on the day after the
evacuation, and on the following Sabbath, Dec.
1st. preached in St George's Chapel, Beekman
street, "to a thronged and deeply-affected as?
sembly," a discourse adapted to the occasion from
Psalms cxvi. 12;?"What shall 1 render unto the
Lord, ifcc. The vestry of Trinity Church having
kindly offered the use of their two Chapels, St.
Paul's and St. George's, the Presbyterian Church
occupied these buildings a part of every Sabbaih
until June, 17-4, when the Brick Church in Beek
mmi-street baviny been repaired, they took pos
sesion of it on the 27th of June.
dn the Monday following the Evacuation-day,
Dec. ?-'d, another elecrant entertainment was dven
by Gov. Clinton. On Tuesday evening, ??an un?
paralleled exhibition of fireworks" was given at
the Bowline Green. On Thursday, the 5th, Gen?
eral Washington attain met his fellow-officers at
Francis' tavern, where, after a most affecting in?
terview, he gave them the parting hand and tare
well kiss. At noon of the same day, he left for
Annapolis in Maryland, to resign into the hands of
Congress, the commission which he had so nobly
fulfilled, Thursday of the following week, the
11th, was observed by appointment of Congress
"as a day of public Thanksgiving throughout the
United States." On this occasion, Dr. Hogers
preached in St. George's chapel, a sermon from
j'salnis exxvi: 3;?"The Lord hath done L-reat
things for us, whereof we are glad." It was af?
terwards published with the title?"The Divine
Iii i dness displayed in the American Revolution."
From that day to the present, the progress of
the city has been almost without a precedent.
Very few of the inhabitants that survived the war
remain. Splendid and spacious warehouses have
in very many cases supplanted those humble
structures. The bounds of the city have been ex?
tended on every hand, until it numbers at this
day nearly half a million of people; and with
Brooklyn, Williamsbngh and Green Point, on tho
other snore of the East River, not niin-h if any
less than 750,000 souls. As we look on the enter?
prise, trade, commerce, credit, extent, opulence
and magnificence of the present city, with its
hundreds of churches, and contrast it with the
contracted, war-worn, desolate town, of which our
grand-sires took possession on the 25th of No?
vember, 178.1, we may well exclaim?"What
hath God wrought."'
In regard to the celebration of this year, wc
cannot he more explicit than to publish the pro?
gramme cf Gen. Storms :
Headquarters Kirst Brigade N. V. .State Miliiia,)
New-York, Friday, Nov. 8. lii?n. $
Brigade OnriEn.?To keep in lively remem?
brance that joyous day on which our exiled fore?
fathers were allowed once more to return to their
happy bonu s, and tho Cross of St. George, with
their hirelings and mercenaries, wns compelled,
by a small, but heroic band of patriots, to leave
this, our native City, which they had held for
years, nnd cive place to that Commander of Com?
manders, Geokoe Wasiuxotox, and Ins brave
and care-worn followers, who, on that day, (No?
vember 25, 1783,) was escorted in by the remnant
ol the cavalry of "Weatchester County, the fore?
fathers of the founders of this Brigade :
This Command will parade to celebrate that
memorable event on the 25th inst.
Tho Brigade line will be formed by Brigade
Major John A. Bogart, on Washington Parade
Grouud, at 11 A.M. precisely. The right ou
Wooster-st parallel with Fourthst.
The honor of a inarching salute will be tender?
ed the Mayor and Common Council at I2j o'clock.
Route of March, from Washington Parade
Ground, down the Bowery, through the Park, up
Broadway to Union Park, and dismiss.
The Veteran Corps of Artillery, Capt. Raynor,
will fire a " Continental'' Salute on the Battery
at sun-rise, at which time ('apt. Raynor will also
cause the National Fing to be displayed from the
Bag-staff, where the Royal Cross of St. George
was left flying by Sir Guy Carleton 7;i years ago,
since which time this Command has customarily
kept alive this historical event.
Capt Hayner will make the necessary requisi?
tion on Commissary-General Lee for ammunition.
The Brigade Stall'will assemble at the Brig?
adier Gene: als quarters, No. 90 Lexington-ave?
nue, at 10 o'clock, A.M., where Col. S. Brooks
Postley will detail Capt. Bechtell's troop for Es?
cort duty at that hour.
By order of HENRY STORMS,
A -S. Vosbitroh, a! Mae-de-Csrnp. '
\ eteban Conrs ok 1812.?The organization of
this Corps, made in general meeting, assembled
by previous notice at '-'.'0 Grand-st. on the even?
ing of Tuesday, the 10th inst. whereof:Henry Rav?
ine,,,, presided as Chairman, and Samuel B. War?
's Mead, 2d c
f!o.; Williai
he Captains
Acreeahlv to the above, and in conformity with
e duties imposed as Commandant, it is directed,
sat the Members of this Co/ps assemble at the
rsenal -Yard, corner of Elm and White streets,
i Monday, the ?-'"?th day of November, at sine
dock, A.M. Each member providing himself
ith a biue or dark coat and pantaloons, with a
command ol Captain
Captain : Capt. Beni
Lieutenants assErned
ood will appoint ?uch
is they may deem fit
names and residence
ippoint. d by the Com
! dav, who'will report
or duty accordingly,
will march to Wash
r Capt. Raymond*! who
s Command to Bnga
forpost in the Brigade
of Brigadier General
Steaboat Abby Alles Borst.?Three Hun
the cierk of the steamboat Sarah Gordon, that on
Sunday last, the 10th inst. at 2 P.M. the steam?
boat Abby Allen, Capt. Martin, on her downward
trip from "Alexandria to the Mouth of Red River,
to: k fire wht i. she was about t wo miles above the
Mouth of Black River. She had a cargo of nearly
300 bales of cotton, intended for the Sarah G?r?
den, which, w ith the boat, is a total loss. .No Iive3
lost. [N. 0. True Delta,! 3th,
CITY ITEMS
{J>J Thursday evening ameetingwas hold atthe
B.-oadwsy House, comer of Grand sr. and BroSd
way, to consider the propriety of giving a " wel?
come home " to Hon. Hamilton Fish, Governor of
i air
i as
der,
which lie spoke highly of the character of Mr
Fish andol the high position which lie occupied'
Ac. &c. A few remarks were then made by the
Alderman of the Seventeenth, who offered the
following resolution:
Resetted, That a Committee be appointed to correspond
with lion. Hamilton Fish, and invite him to participate in
a dinner, and to signify a day upon which lie will meet lha
citizens of New-York, to pirticmate in such an entertain?
ment.
The resolution being seconded was duly passed,
and in accordance therewith, a Committee of Five
were appointed, composed of the following gen.
tlemen . Nathan C. Ely, C. V. Anderson. Morris
Franklin, Hon. E. VV. Fisk and James Kelly.
The meeting then adjourned until the Committee
should report.
??
Reform Meetings.?Mr.Warren, from Indi?
ana, lectures on Sunday evening, before the In?
dustrial Reformers, in the 4th storv of the Grand
?t. Hall. _
Our German Citizens and Gottfried Kin
KEL's Family.?Thursday night a very enthusi?
astic and sympathising meeting took [dace at tho
Shakespere Hotel. Mr. .I.A. Forsch delivered
an Oration on the Imprisonment of the Pride o
Germany, and its best iiving Poet, " Kinkel ami
his fate." We are sorry that our columns do not
permit us to give a lull report of this speech
which moved to tears the attentive and select
audience. Dr. Fonscit proved agaiu to be the
most gifted, spirited, and poetical Orator among
our German fellow-citizens in the Union. The
collection amounted to about ?50. On motion of
Mr. GRUBE a Committee of Five was appointed
to take charge of the funds collected, and to cor
resf oEd for the same pnipose with the Germans
of the United States.
PitviER for Sabbath Schools.?A concert of
prayer for Sabbath Schools is to be held in churches
of different denominations in this City on Monday.
Tbesi meetings are appointed at the instance of
those who are engaged in the work of Sabbath
School instruction. From careful investigation,
it appears that of the 1.0,000 children ami youth
in this City, between the ages of four and sixteen,
less than 50,000 are even nominally connected
with Sabbath Schools, ami not more than 25,000
are regular attendants. The startling develop
incuts made not long since by the Chief of Po?
lice, show that not only is the religious and moral
training of thousands of these children utterly
neglected, but that a multitude of them aro sys?
tematically trained from childhood to the practice
of vice, and are continually exposed to the influ?
ence of the must corrupting examples.
Dkatii ok Mk. Norton.?We regret to an?
nounce the death of Rev. Herman Norton, one
of the Secretaries of the American and Foreign
Christian Union. He died at his residence in this
City, alter a short illness, on Wednesday of this
w< eh, of congestion of the lungs. His death will
be a serious loss to the cause in which he was
actively engaged.
Now that the cold weather has sot in, we
recommend thore of our readers who may be in
want of good beating stoves to try Wood's Patent
Air-tight Cylinder. Many of our friends have
used them, and all agree they are the best they
know of. The principle on which the coal is
burnt in these stoves is altogether now. The
manufactory is at "".7 Water st. New-York.
I Mr Boker has concluded to add Lessiug's
picture of the Martyrdom ofHuss to bis collection
of paintings without further delay, and the Dus
seldorf Gallery will, tor this purpose, be (dosed
on Monday, Nov. 25) until further notice.
Censi s of i iik. Six i li WaRd.?The returns for
the Sixth Ward of this City show the following
result:
Iths the pus' y^ar.
habitants in 1843
ion in 1840. 17.11
the Alms House have just published a report ..'
their proceedings during the month of October'
The total amount of expenditure is *3i,2?5 07,
and the receipts from various institutions *3,101
01. The balance in bank on the 31st of October
was *vM,480 86. Of in-door paupers the number
lor the pest month is 4,946, while that of out-door
poor for the same period is e'J~>. Among these
latter the sum of $2,365 i? has been distributed,
of which i'.ltj. J? were for children's nursing,
8100 22 for transportation of paupers, ami 81,903
The Doctors.?Will any utie of the Stewards
of the Society for the Relief of the Widows and
Orphans of Medical Men tell us why our Reporter
was informed by one of them that no members of
the Press were expected to be present at the
Dinner on Wednesday evening, and why they
afterward admitted the Reporters of two daily
papers ! Please answer.
Nkw-York Dispebsary.?The physicians ol
this Institution report favorably in regard to the
state of the pubiic health. The following state
tie nt will show the great usefulness of the insti?
tute Durins the oast month, the patients at
Total curing Hie month .3,084
The number of prescriptions, during 24 days,
amount to 5,448, being an average of 227 per day.
The greatest number in one day was 417.
lade
Th
I tot No. !'?; Charles-st. near Houstoo si. S.x-. }..,.$Z^M
Ho.-te and lot No. ?U'?reenwlch-?t. 18 4x40 . 2,585
House end lot cor. Hammond and Washington sis. 21
WILLI A M SI' UK <' H ITEMS.
WiLLiAMSRCRGH Lycecm.?The Lecture de?
livered before the Lyceum last evening, by Prof.
M.B. Anderson, at Central Hall, was an irltellec
taal treat replete with briiiiant conceptions. The
subject, "Persuasion," was treated with a clear,
ness of thought and familiarity of language, which
chained the attention of a large and very respect'
able audience to its termination Such men as
Prof. A. are indispensable to society; they purii'v
ami eievate pubiic speaking, and correc t that mor?
bid taste which recognizes ranting bombast a< in-,
dicative of profundity. The young people of Wil
liamsburgh have no excuse for lack of intelligence;
while the Lyceum makes such efforts to secure for j
tl - benefit gentlemen of the highest acquire?
ments to lecture weekly j and the puiic generally
are andergreat obligations to L. W. Utfort, Esq.
whose enterprise has given them such a.hne room
hall. C.Edwards Lester, H n wiU
Thursdsy evening, and noaown ?? -
crowded'.
NEW.JERSEY ITEMS.
conse inence of the deceittS \? wJ 'J'
?ndtbe fWI^W^^^M^
rectors- that an election win be held ?t the
I ranklm House, Paterson.on the r.ith Dw ?rox
for cbosing son en Dtrectora of ?ai.l Company '
E^We learn from Burlington Hiat consider*,
ble excitement still prevails there among thecot
ored population. At a religious meeting; ?omo
evenings ago, a strange colored man made his ap?
pearance, who was suspected by tho congregation
of being a spy of tin- "slave catchers." The ser
vices were suspended, and after he hail been in?
duced tu come without the church, considerable
persons! violence was used u|><>n him before he
could explain that lie was an innocent man from a
o< ighbonne farm, and in no way implicated in the
charge. The Grand Jury being in session, the
facts were inquired into, eliciting the attendance
of large numbers of blacks. [Newark Daily Adv.
JENNY LIND AT C OURT.
Attachment against Jenny I.trot.
MARINE COURT?Before Judge CowLts.?J ktix Mm
nor r>. Oiorge Loder.
Action to recover a claim assigned to plaintiff]
of S:iO, balance for services of Mrs. Teal and Mrs
Phillips, and son of latter, .all of Williamsburgh.j
as chorus singers at the Jenny I.ind concerts?
On the case being brought up, on Thursday, plain?
tiffs' counsel made an affidavit,stating that Made
moiseile Jenny Lind was a material witness to
sustain the case of plaintiff?that a subpoana
was served, but not attended to, and an attach
ment moved for and granted. This morning.
Messrs. Cromwell, Sturtevant and Jay, appeared
(in behalf of Messrs. Barn urn and Miss Lind, read
an affidavit, and stated that when the officer went
to the Hotel with a subpeona Miss Lind was about
getting into her carriage to go to a concert?that
he told her it was a letter from Mrs. Seguin, but
she suspecting it not to be so, declined receiving
it, and the individual threw it into the carriage
She directed her Secretary to take it up, and if it
required an answer to answer it. He took it ami
in the course of the evening found it to be a sub
peena, and subsequently advised her, as informed
by her counsel, that it had been served irregular
ly, and she need not attend to it.
Motion was made by her counsel, upon tins state
of facts, that the attachment be discharged, which
was granted, and it was understood that Miss
Lind was ready to attend asubpoina, and the easy
was adjourned for an hour or two.
About 12 o'clock, (Judge Cowlea having-ad?
journed the hearing to the office of the Clerk of the
Beard of Assistant Aldermen, being a more fitting
place than the basement ill which the Court in
hehl. to hold it.l the trial proceeded, and Miss
Lind, attended by Mr. Benedict, Mr. Jay ami oth?
ers, appeared?the office almost immediately be
tug thronged by spectators. Miss L. was handed
a chair beside that on which the Judge sat. Mr.
A. Dyott appeared, in connection with .Messrs.
Evans and Mulock for plaintiff, ami Messrs. H. ?.
Holmes and John T. Brady for defense.
Mr. I (yott, mi opening, disclaimed having brought
Miss Lind out of mere idle curiosity, but as con?
sidering her an important witness. He said that
Mr. Condon, as agent for Mr. I.oder, engaged Mrs.
Teal, and Mrs. and Master Phillips, to sing in
chorus at Miss L.'s concei ts, and to pay them each
$5 per night, to be engaged as long as the con?
certs lasted ; that they sang at two concerts, and
presented themselves for rehearsal at the thiruV
but were refused?on Mrs. T. applying for remu?
neration Mr. ?'. paid them 81-">, and refused to pay
any nioro. Hence the present suit.
Several questions were nsked Miss Lind by
Mr. Dyott, but all she knew was that at two of
the concerts there were English chorusses and at
a third German chorusses?thought the ehorussea
performed well?did not know who engaged tbeiu
or who was to pay them?that being altogether
tho business of Mr. Iiarnum.
The counsel for plaintiff here rested. Mr.
Holmes, for defense, said be bad no questions to
ask~-he would not insult the lady so much as to
detain her.
Miss L. then rose, bowed to the Judge, counsel
and others, and retired, accompanied by her friends,
and the audience also took itsi If off, leaving the
balance of the case (which is still proceeding) to
bo heard by tho Judge, counsel, witnesses, ami
some half a dozen spectators.
After Mademoiselle Lind bud retired, the tes?
timony was continued, objection was made to
the vnlidity of tho assignment, on tho ground that
Mr-. Tealo and Mrs. Phillips were married women
and could not assign. It was shown that Mrs.
Phillips has not lived lorn long time with her hus?
band, there having been a divorce. The objec?
tions wt re overruled.
Mrs: Tiiilr testified to having called on Mr. Con?
don, and he engaged them and George Phillips to
sing in the choruses at all the Concerts which
might require them, to pay them each ?15 per
night?that they sang two nights, but were riot
called upon the third night, although they hehl
then selves in readiness to attend, as they bad
be- n direi ted by Mr. ('. to do. Mrs. Phillips cor?
roborated tin- testimony, and George also in a
measure confirmed it.
Signor Benedict testified to Mr. Loder being tho
director, presiding at the piano-forte, nt the re
iicaroal, Ac witness himsell is the general mu?
sic director; a person directing the performance
con 'lefect an imperfect singer in a chorus quicker
than any person singing iu it.
Handali M. Condon testified to having been au?
thorized by Mr. Loder to engage chorus singers ;
Mrs. P. and Mrs. T. called on him; Mrs 1*. gavo
him a reference to Mr. Locke; is sure latter is
not a musician or he would not have recommend?
ed her-, they wished an engagement to sing in
the choruses, and I engaged them for the
first at 85 each ; Mrs. P. asked if I did not
want an alto singer, and mentioned her son,
la lad about 15,) whom, she said, she wished to
have accompany her so as to see her home. I
told her she might bring him, and I supposed
bis having the privilege of admission would bo
sufficient remuneration for her singing. My alto
singers had been all engaged, and I did not want
any more She said she would be delighted to
come on those terms. Mr. Loder,on hearing them
sing, found fault with my engaging them, on ac?
count of their inefficiency- I asked him to let
them sine that night, as they said they were poor,
and I had engaged them, which he assented to.?
I placed myself in -.< chair beside Mrs. Phillips,
ar.d I found thnt she was inefficient, not catching
her points or time. [Mrs. P. afterward said she
was near-sighted, and could not see the book.J
S1 bsi quently 1 paid them, by Mr. Loder's per?
mission, $15, to be divided between the two. I
told them I would notify them if 1 wanted them
again. Notified,!'"] the second night, all but tbem
and one gentleman, whom I deemed ineth'cient
They came the second night said they had seen
the same programme advertised, and thought they
might be wanted. They asked to bo permitted
to take part in the choruses. I told them they
might take r.art, b.,t it must be understood that
they would not get anything for it- ^J'itZ
Sing again. The Messiah *"/^fitl*j?'
n ard. A society volunteered for tbe cborasfts.
^^^^^^
'e%&?t!?%? S?l? hi confirmation ol
MOntbe part of Mrs- PbilJips it was shown she if
a professional singer and also a teacher of musw
at WiJHsmsburgli. George said he was sell
taught as a singer. Questions appertaining to
simple matters of music, as to minor and major
kf-v. Ac. which be could not answer?several or
dinsry questions were also asked Mrs. Phillips
which she was not prepared to answer and waa
confused.
Some other little testimony was given, and tha
case submitted. D-Ae Q?, &U>fi(Uy.

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