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~~ ktjropean affairs. ?.?,,? and Gcrmanr?War Inevitable ? French Maltern. Locdori Correspondence ol The Tribune. London, Kriday, Nov. 15, 18S0. tjurrl. UrttU* it Mr Ktr ath: Gsntt.imen:?The position of European affairs has taken a tarn within a few days past which demands eur whole attention. Matters which were silently preparing, and which on the surface presentod only a very secondary interest, have come to a crisis. The enigma of the state of things m Germany begins to be solved, and in fine, lor ?he first time since 1848, England is subject to a very serious agitation, precisely on the point on which the national mind is most susceptible ; 1 mean Religion. I avoided touching these various questions the last week, not then comprehending in the affairs of England what I comprehend a little better now, and the past was too uncertain for the kind of correspondence which 1 have to send you. In relation to Pru?;ria, there have been some events of great significance. 1 thought when I last wrote you that Prussia was about to succumb coco more, and in spite of ray perception of the difficulties of her position, 1 did not more than half express my disappointment. I am so fully convinced that the best side ol German ctviliza tion is with Prussia, I am so sure that this nation has an important task to accomplish in the history of humanity in general and of the Gorman race in particular, that I could not hut hesitate to tell yon that all was lost in that quarter. Now, if Prussia had passed without striking a blow, or, if this is yet not impossible, it this time passes without striking a blow, under the Caudine Forks of Austria, or rather of the old European coalition of 181 in which the nephew of Napoleon would have, taken the part of the Bourbons of the elder branch, we might say that it was all over with this nation. Not to resolve by war the difficulties which could be resolved in no other way for a military nation than by force ol arms, would for Prussia be equivalent to a suicide. Whether they crush it er not, the two elements of the Germanic Confed? eration are inevitably involved in a war, of longer or shorter duration, The iirst skirmish has taken place. The Prussians yielded without the loss of a man, am! have since evacuateo Cassel. But this is evidently a strategic movement. Two facts of great gravity control this position, the death ol the Count ot Brandeburg on the one hand, and on the other, the placing the whole Pru&sian army on the footing of war. The Count of Brandcburg, the natural son of one of the Princ? es ol the Prussian dj nasty, and adopted as a mem? ber of the lloyal Family, had been from the ll'rst drawing back of Frederick William, the prime mo\er und agent of the policy of compromise and delay. I say the policy of compromise and delay, for the Count of Bradeburg, more than other per? sons connected by the ties of interest or affection with the Count of Berlin, was not and could not be a stranger to the plans for aggrandisement which t-A.st in the licait and head ol all Prussians. He did not think the time was come. He espe? cially distrusted the alliance with revolutionary passions. In short, he counted more on diplomacy than on war. His death, which took place on his return from tfce Congress of Warsaw, and evi deutly caused by mental agitation, by his decep? tion and his fears, was one of those events which never fail to happen during a great crisis, The men who represent a certain policy, when this policy comes to a dead stop, and they are unable to ?pen a new faith, both c rush themselves and aro oruBhed by Providence. Immediately after the death of Brandenburg.thc same measure which led to the retreat of the Count of lladowitz was adopted. A general levy of the landwher was ordered, and Prussia placed on the footing bi war. The greatest enthusiasm pervades this army. In the midst of all the inflammable matter with which Germany is covered, the decisions of diplo? macy have only a very secondary plea. A conflict is inevitable. Will this conflict bring on a general European wart This, in my opinion, is the only question which can now remain doubtful, 1 think that there has been tt talk of the inter? vention of England, Trance and Russia to arrest this conflict. But, on the one hand, I do not be? lieve that England has a good understanding with the other powers, nmi on the other hand, the im? possibility of remaining in statu quo is too evi? dent for the three powers in question to hope for n pure and simple return to the state of things ander the old Germanic Confederation. Prussia baSfemerged from il ; she has been, if I may so ?ny, squeezed out ol it by the pressure of events . she can only be brought back bj force, and before yielding to force she will sacrifice her last man, nor Inst dollar, and the last drop of her blood. Without this the name of Prussia is forever effaced from history. There are eases when even the parties which are destined to become arbiters permit the parties in contlii tto make use of their own powers. 1 accordingly believe that the two ancient elements of the liermauie Con? federation are destined to meet in a serious fltroggle. Europe will take part in this conflict; as she took part in the conflict between Holland and Belgium in lfiil? and lH.'ll. The intervention will he a little later and will have for its effect to ratify a decomposition of the ancient Germanic Confederation. This time affairs will assume a broatler shape ; and this is all. Prussia will yield on the side of Holstein. This question even will he soon settled. The mos! difficult problem will be the decomposition ol Central Europe. But it is inevitable. As soon as a peace with Denmark shall be per? fectly established the English diplomatists have too much good sense not to prefer a grand Consti? tutional State in Germany, as their ally against the encroaching tendencies of Russia, to a thing which 1 repeat it, is completely impossible, name? ly, the return of Prussia and of ail Germany, now free or greedy for emancipation, to the barrow of the Austrian Slavonic alliance. Every thing in this world has its time, und if there is any thing nowdonewith.it is that part of the treaties of Vi? enna against which Prussia has protested from the beginning, and which it has thought only of destroying on the first opportunity Prussia has always deemed herself unjustly treated in the Congress of Vienna nmi we need only cast nn eve r>n tue programme to see that Hesse is precisely the move which the diplomacy had perfidiously prepared to create a weak point iu the long chai n Which stretched from K?nigsberg to Cologne. Prussia will not stnnd still to be cut in two. The Message of Napoleon seems like a farewell to his lmperiul preteusions. He keeps up a good heart against fortune, and leaves to the Assem? bly the responsibility of revising the Constitu? tion, and the manner in which it.should be revised. The position of atl'uirs is neither more clear nor more open than it has been. The two powers con? spire against each other, and both against tiie Re? public. But they both make use, in their turn, of the Republic to block each other, and if this came continues it is evident that the Republic will have the worst hand. Is there anything serious at the bottom of the religious agitation just now excited in England in relation to the Roman Bull; which directly insti? tutes a Cardinal Archbishop of Westminster and regularly organiies the Catholic Hierarchy I 1 believe that 1 have got hold of the real clue to all this imbroglio, but as it is a question of great im? portance, and one in which I have many new views to develop, and 1 will make it the subject of a special letter for next Friday. Yours, faithfully, JirLKS EiECHAVAIiEBR. Nariioav Ksc.m'e ok a Painting.?By late ad? vices from D?sseldorf, we learn that Leitze'3 great picture of " Washington Crossing the De. liware," had recently a very narrow escape from destruction. The artist.it .appears, had just re? moved to a new studio in Cuxhaven, near tho railroad depot, where his work?a colossal paint ing, Its' by 12 feet in dimensions?was rapidly ad? vancing to completion. On the 5th of November, while diligently employed on it, Leutite suddenly discovered that the floor of the studio was burst? ing into flame, and immediately afterward the ball was filled with a cloud of smoke. In the be? wilderment of the moment, thinking only of the rescue of his picture, the artist seized a knife, cut the canvas from its frame, hastily rolled it toge? ther and dragged it out. The lire, which had broken out in somo stables tinder the studio, w.is extinguished by the laborers employed about the I'Oraitro depi't. ENGLAND. The KcIIksouh Agitation-Whi? in tbc ( hnrrh, and tvhnl i? I? Worth. l.KTTKK FROM CffJRLKS LINK. London, Saturday, Nov. 15, 1830 Deah FiUKND GitEKLEr?You dislike, I be? lieve, the subject of Theology for newspaper *dis ciipsian; and if you do not, 1 certainly do think men Jeoiild better employ their leisure than in protracting the conflict of words in the never-to bc-scttled technicalities of religious modes of thought. But if men of the progressive school were ever so inclined to let Theology and the old Church alone, the Church will not permit them. The Church will hunt every soul that does not in? stantly and entirely succumb to its domination. The recent conduct of the Pope io again bringing all England into his paternal embrace, has once more brought the Church into prominence as a public question. Vulgarly speaking, this has in? deed heavenly authority, for never was there a Ch tisans war. ter, asks me u hat 1 mean by "[110 Church. I think few would be in doubl,but for his benefit I may describe it as any system or organization which, assuming religion as its basis, draws limits around the human mind. The Church has ever done and now does this. Church or do Church is the ques? tion of True Thought or .Menial Death. Science, Art, Commerce, Literature, Poetry, Education, propose the unlimited, the boundless expansion ol mind, but the Church does not. The Church pre? tends to know and to teach all truth, and conse? quently would atop all progress, ami if allowed its wny would consign the whole civilized world to the condition of the wretched Irish peasant, without even the miserable consolation of the workhouse. 1 therefore feel with great force the truth of the priest's assertion that " if we (the priests] destroy not the press, the press will de? stroy us.' The two can no more he free to act together than night and day can exist together. Thus, then, whether we like it or not, the Press and the Church, the Old Church, must come into opposition. You, gentlemen, in the United States, may not very fully understand the importance of this insight. You say that in your laud the press is entirely free, yet the Church flourishes. Ah, my good friends, how happy should we of the old continent feel if we were afflicted with only such a ghost, a shadow, of a Church as yours. Why, sir?, we seem at least two centuries from a voluntary Church, disconnected from the State, such as you enjoy. Men are making a like stir in demanding this separation, but the agitation goes coldly on from the very hopelessness of the cause. You know the Bishops of England once declared they I were the breath of the King's nostrils. So the : People of the United States, being the Monarch, i the Church is a puppet in their hands. It is a waxen creature' they can mold at will, and it takes the shape they please in the hope, perhaps, j some day, of gaining the upper hand. Yet 1 do ? not mean to say the Church in the United States \ is altogether powerless, because even inanimate ' things which men make or hold in their hands ' have a reactive or a hinderative power on them? selves. Above all, that branch of the Church ' called Roman Catholic, by reason that it is repub ! lican in its form, and of more prehensile grasp tiian others, is likely to attain a modified power i even in a country boasting of a free press. Still, ; beneath all this renewed theological agitation in England, in which each party will try to pen as ! many sheep as it can, so that its rents may be duly paid, I have faith that majesty and divinity of mind has been sufficiently developed among us I to prevent any serious retrogression. Observers who looked the least beneath the ' surface have long perceived the assiduity of the ; Romish Church party. They have been coquet : ting and shuffling a long time. 1 think now they i have played their card too soon, und will lose the , trick. The Church of England will play sharp to ' win it ; and by the aid of Lord .lohn Russell, who 1 is at present making political capital out of the ' controversy. 1 think the game may strengthen the Church ol England for a season. If in considera i tion of the vivacity which the newspapers dis i play, ami the burning of the Roman Bishops in effigy, you marvel at the inertiveof the British people, bo assured it is not all the torpor of in? difference, but their quietude is partly attributable to philosophic faith. Ye.?, Mr. Superstition, Philosophy is not faith j less, nor unbrotherly, nor uncharitable ; but has I faith in the advent of thr.t day when souls shall. , the world over, be entirely free to think and to love, without any one being obliged to pay. or ! any one being willing to receive, earthly wages for their salvation from sin, vice or misery ; wheu men shall blush and tremble at the mere thought j of living on the toil and labor of other men, ! though joined with the pretense that they can, as rulers, dole out earthly happiness, or, as priests, secure us heavenly bliss. Perhaps, in place of endeavoring to make such : facts clear, though 1 do it in perfect love to all men. it would be preferable to work to the same ' end in some other way, as, for instance, by aiding ! the cnuse of universal education. 1 can only say j you are at equal liberty to suppress or print these sentiments, and that I work in every good way I [ can; und 1 think some one should be courageous enough to declare important truths which many : feel. The Bishop of London declares he has faith in the good sense of the English people to manage i the Pope. 1 also have faith in the same article to manage the Bishop, and every other mortal who would circumscribe my mental life. I think the ' present crisis well worthy of observation from your side, and have no doubt that poor apathetic ' John Bull will "come out rieht.'' Yours hopefully, CHAS. LANK Thing** in Mobile. Correspondence of The Tribune. Mobile, Friday, November 22, ii;jc. ltealestate here since its enormous and specu. ' lative rise in 'l>0 ami '117 has remained in a stag? nant ami decayed condition ; the fair prospect of the completion at some time, of the Mobile and Ohio Railroad, the healthy slate and situation of the town, a class of people less migratory than those formerly resident here, among other reasons have lately enhanced its value, and the probability : now is, that we shall some time have a large as 1 we now have a respectable and quiet city ; there j have been many buildings erected the last year, a ! dry ?lock built,'' The Soulhern Bank,'' o new one : put in operation, and buildings generally have been ' repaired. We have had a day's rain, the river will probably rise some and business commence ; it has ; till now been very dull. Cotton selling froml2j ; to 13$ cts. 1 attended a meeting id'the "South ? era Rights Association'' of this place a few eve ; nings since. J. A Campbell, one of the most dis? tinguished lawyers of the Southern States, is the President: a gentleman whose physiognomy and personal appearance resemble more those of the : talented editor of The Tribune, H. Q. than any i man 1 ever saw; be spoke very calmly and forci ! bly, complained of the aggressions of the North, ! ami from the excitement on the subject of Slavery in politics, churches and societies 'at the North, drew the conclusion that the North would unceas ?' ingly encroach on the rights of the South, if Sou? thern men did not take a bold and decided stand, and resist, even to disunion, if driven to it, these unconstitutional, unlawful and nullifying' agita? tions; he was not for Disunion, hut to save" the : Union he would assert and maintain their rights. - Col. D. Chandler also addressed the meeting eh> queutly, declaring that the Compromise, or the acts of the last session of Congress, vielded all to the North; that the admission of California with her nnti-Slavery Constitution and the abolition of the Slave trade in the District of Columbia were insulting to the South and wrong in themselves Southern men are not a!! of the same mind on the subject. A Frenchman and two Irishmen had a political quarrel here a few nights since, in which the Fretichmau was badly beaten, one of the Irish? men killed, and the other not expected to live. Our election for Mayor, Aldermen, Ac. is the iirst Monday in December. The mail from the North and East is very irregular, failing almost every other day. I think I could telegraph you very ADDITIONAL FOREIGN NEWS BT THE E?ROPA. ?? ENGLAND. Chnillhl and fuciul Manifesto. We find in the I^ndon Leader the following .T,5ro.to nf a now Combination nmone the En the be era rn eaid wonld iuimc ed "that the members ol the Chartist hody uch more numerous than those of nay other ations ami should, therefore, return more ers to the Council." Truly; but there can doubt that, without introducing so great an ilitv of numbers, the Charter will receive support as the primary object of the Union frage ns one of their leading princip.es; and at the Conference none gave a more prompt and hearty support to the People's Charter, "name and all,'' than the representatives o' the Social i?tS- , , ITT We now, refer the whole matter to you. We e that the several Associations should ! call their own mem hers together, to take the proposed Union into consideration.? Where no Societies at present exist, public meet? ings may be called for the same purpose. ance" p8f the" Charter, circumstances have mate? rially altered: several obstacles to the power and "well-being of the People have, in part or wholly, lost their force. Although the organiza? tion c'f the people abroad has proved too imperfect finally to establisn 'heir power, it has made itself felt, and the time has passed when the people is forgotten in the councils of State. Nor is it re? membered only by the bounty of Princes and Ministers; the people is remembered because it bos been felt to he a power in the State ; and as such it is respected. At the same time, the con? duct of the people generally has disarmed the li ars of those who dreaded popular power, and in this country the opponents of Universal Suffrage have enormously dwindled in numbers and confi? dence. ; .. Concurrently with these great chances ol opin? ion among influential classes heretofore opposed to us, opinion has been unsettled on other (pies tions oi the grentcst moment. More than one class is moving toward a radical change' of taxa? tion. The tenure of land, even the right of indi? vidual property in it, is questioned ; the conflicts of protection tind free trade have left both parties without the supreme good they expected, an 1 they are obliged to dig deeper into the land ttsell for the root of the evils that distract the country. A new school oi political economy is displacing the cold-blooded Malthusian school which has ad? ministered the poor-law tor sixteen years. We feel, therefore, that the time has come when the people may reach forth its hand to take possession ot power. Tho first object ol the Na? tional Charier and Social Reform Union will he to complete the political right of the People, by moving for tbe enactment of the People's Charte.-; and an advance reicht now he made with a great increase ol support?a grenr. oin.iiiuiion 01 resist? ance ; even our most inveterate enemies abating their confidence in themselves. At the Bame time the opportunity might be seized of giving such a shake to the !o";:d of taxation which oppresses the People, that it shall soon be lightened, and not slowly be made to fall into a.juster settlement. And the State can he made to recognize tho right of everv man to labor, or to subsistence from the State, while bad laws feller his labor and with? hold him from the land to which lie is horn. The People might obtain for itself, even anticipating the tardy law-making of Parliament, instant ac? cession of power, sadden growth of influence over the Councils of the Stute, and rapid improvement in material well being. The things wanted for this glorious movement are knowledge and union among the people of the 0] portunity which lies before it?union id" all who are earnest in the service of the people. It is within the power of those who act for the people to form the nucleus of such a united national party as shall conduct the world at last to freedom. Whiter Cooper, Ceo. j. Holyoake, Thornton Hutu, G.W, M. Reynolds, .Mm Sliuw,' Kdniond Stalewood, Istuic Wilson, John Fusseli,, Cnairnian, John Arnott, Secretary. 14 Southampton-tt. Strand, Nov. 13, 1850. P.S.?We have appointed John Arnott, Secre? tary of the National Charter Association, of 14 Southampton-street, Strand, London, our Return? ing ol'.icer, to whom all decisions?allirmative or negative?relative to the proposed "National Charter and Social Reform I Fnion," must be sent on or before Wednesday, the 27th day of November next ensuing. o FRANCE. President'? Measure. Wo give two more sections of this document: INTERIOR. The important laws that the gravity of events obliged you to adopt contributed powerfully to re? establish confidence, because they proved the force ol the Assembly and the Government when they are in perfect accortl. The Administration, on its side, redoubled its vigor, and the functionaries, who appeared neither capable nor sufficiently devoted to the dilficult mission of conciliating without weakness and of repressing without party spirit, were dismissed ; others, on the contrary, were promoted or recom? pensed. The municipal authority, so salutary when its fiction was frankly united"to that of the Executive Power, drew on itself very justly, in manv com? munes, grave reproaches". 4?.l mayors and 183 adjoints bad to be dismissed; and if all those who have remained unequal to their functions have not been similarly treated, the cause is in the imper? fection of the laws. To remedy this defect the Council of State has already commenced the examination of a project of law ; but it is difficult to conciliate the munici? pal franchise with tbe unity of action?the true force of the centra! power. The National Guard, the useful auxiliary against internal and external enemies when it is well or? ganized, acted but too often in a sense contrary to the object of its institution, and obliged us to dissolve it in 1?J towns and communes; in line, in al! places where it presented the character of an aimed corps deliberating. The tribunals have worthily seconded che Government. The magis- i tracy has displayed great energy in enforcing the ! ?-C^C( !'-0nj1?I l'le 'BWS Rm* PttnlsnU3S those who [ To secure order in more agitated provinces, ex? tensive commands, comprising several military divisions, have been created, and powers more enlarged have been confided to experienced gen? erals. On all sides the army has given its con? course with that admirable devotedness peculiar to it, and everywhere the gendarmerie has accom? plished its mission with a zeal worthy of all praise. Agitation has been calmed in die co in trv districts by putting a restraint on the detest? able propaganda which were exercised bv the primary teachers. Several of these hate-bepti occupied with an argent repression, the Govern? ment has adopted all that seemed to it proper to ameliorate Li e situation of the country spite of the difficulty of circumstances, crty-tax has been reduced by 07,000,00? ject of organization of credit, the app.n- nt.un ui which will be still more facilitated by the mort pBpe reform, has been submitted to you. The laws relative to the caisscs de rr.trait,'and mutual in , >f the prei graphs submitted at this n tent to Algeria, Hure still remain, unhappily, without counting the June convicts, 3IJ persons condemned for pojitical offenses in the prisons of France. The interdiction of labor in the prisons ha.l aggravated the condition of the prisoners. The decree of the 0th January, 1819, has not remedied the evil. A project ol law which pro? se rves the interests of society, and those of the prisoners, has been submitted to the Council of State. When it is adopted the Government will utilize as much .is possible this numerous class in agricultural works. The well-being and the morals ol the adult prisoners, the cellular penitentiary system, the improvements of the regime of the central prisons, continue to be studied in a serious manner; and soon the Government will demand from the Assembly the means of creating model agricultural colonies for these adults, in virtue of the law of the 5th of August. A project of law will be presented to you for the relief of the remains of our armies of the Re? public and the Empire, who are now without re? sources, political events having deprived them of their rights, and because it is unworthy of a groat nation to leave such men any longer in a state of misery. FINANCES. The ensemble of this policy has considerably im? proved our financial situation. The accounts of 1848 have been submitted to you, and you have been made acquainted with the definitive condition ofthat budget. It was for a moment thought that the budget of 18-IH, by reason of certain circumstances, unfore? seen at the moment it was voted, would impose on the Treasury a charge of about 300,000,0001'. Thanks to the progress of the revenue and to the economy introduced in the different services, this deticit, it may be now affirmed ; will be reduced to nearly 100,000,000. Everything leads us to hope that the presumed deficit of the budget of 185? will be sensibly di? minished, and that, the equilibrium announced for 1851 will he realized; the aseendintr progress of the indirect revenue is sustained; the first nine months of 1850, compared with the corresponding months of last year, give an advantage of more than 28,000,000f. The indirect contributions, the tariffs of which have not been modified, and which stand for more than lii,UU0,UCOf. in this in? crease, attest the resumption of affairs and the amelioration in the condition of the working classes. Peace and internal order have produced other fruits. The funds deposited in the Savings Hanks from the 1st of January, 1849, exceed the with? drawals by liU,1)00,0001. The amount of the portfolio of the Hank, which had successively fallen beneath 100,000,0001'., is raised, and on the 7th of the present month it pnssed the sum of 135,000,000f. By suppressing the forced circulation of bank notes, you have had reiison to count on the rci stablishmcnt of confidence; and facts have fully justified this grave measure. The return to the primitive statues has reduced neither the extent nor the importance of the circulation. If the produce of the Customs lias experienced some diminution, the difference arises from acci? dental causes which you all know, and which are referrible to salt and colonial sutrars; but consid? ered in the winde, our international commerce; after a serious depression in 1848, was raised in 1849 by a rnpid and sustained movement. Ab? stention made of the extraordinary introduction of grain in 18-17, we nre in advance on this very year, both as to the value of tin- imports and ex? ports, and the number and tunnage of ships. The collection of direct contributions is being executed with remarkable punctuality. On the 3d of Sept. last a third of the 12th only was in ar rear; this is much less than in periods of greater prosperity. These happy changes in the totality of financial facts will have permitted from 1849 to 1851, that is to say, for the space of three years, in spite of the reduction of many important taxes, to endow the country with nearly 260,000,000 worth of pub? lic works, to relieve the lower classes of traders, to remit 27,000,000 to agriculture, to pay punctu? ally uli the expenses ol the budgets in deficit; and to arrive at length, as is our earnest desire and our lirm hope, to establish a balance between the annual charges and resources of the State.? These results will have been obtained without requiring an extraordinary aid from credit and without imposing on the Treasury exaggerated advances. The country, gentlemen, has undoubtedly tiic sentiment of tins improved situation. Each has j been enabled to recognize that the finance;! of the j State, which last year figured in the first rank in the preoccupations of public opinion, arc at this I day very far from inspiring the same apprehen ! sio'ns. I announce with satisfaction this progress, j It is the recompense of the good spirit of the pop I ulation and of the common efforts of the Govern j ment and of the Assembly. It wiil be an encour ; agement for all of us. j After issuing from the unpleasant system of the provisional twelfths, the Government has thought its honour interested in reenteringcompletely into a more regular course. The budget of 1851 has been voted at a useful ; period, and that of 1852 will be presented to you i at the commencement of next year. A degree of perfection, thut has been for some time past a crreat disideratum, has been just real? ized in the system of pablic accounts. The dura? tion of the exercises has been by a recent decree shortened by two months. Favorable, at the same time, to the Treasury aud to its creditors, this measure will accelerate the liquidation and the payment of the debts of the State, and will rei.der"more easv the formation and the audit of I the accounts. " . j In order to enter into the views of the Assembly, the Administration has undertaken, and nearly terminated, the reorganization of all the Arron- j dissements of collection This great labor, which ! will have for result the successive suppression, by means of extinction, of 1,500 employes, will be followed by a considerable saving. Ihree prejects of law, on matters worthy of your consideration, will soon be submitted toyuu. One, conceived in the interest of agriculture, commerce, and industry, has for its object to free the Administration of Canais by means of the re? demption of actions de jouissaitce?shares of pref? erence?impetiiments which result from the cottier s rf- charge? the conditions of the contract. The other regulates the general affair of pen? sions. The third demands of the Assembly the ways and means necessary to effect, with the view of a j better repartition of" the property tax, a new vain- j ation of territorial revenue. We shall propose to j yon a combination which, while maintaining the j actual produce of the fam.ost, will relieve su . z-is GERMANY. Tne Warsaw Contcreuce. ^The proceedings at the Warsaw Conferen. es. and heir results, have been very confusedly to arrivfl at i id a \ A k" extremely difficult ,h.rr'V'ri ? i t ,,mtl> ut>derstandingof ine position taken upby the two great powers at Cl :s- A review. t!,en, of these pr ceedtngs, based upon actual (acts, will be of ereat service atthis crisis. Prussia whs represented at these conferences by Count Brandenburg and Dj Herr von tiocnow, the Prussian Ambassador at "i V> e*er8?ar? ' ^astr"1 ?y Count -Nesselnde, anl Russia by Baron Meyendorff. The Empe? rors of Austria and Russia were also present. The subjects to be discussed iind previously been decided in confidential negotiations between Ber? lin ami Vienna, and a kind of programme Bad been drawn up containing the demands ot both Governments. From this programme a mutual foundation for an undcrstan ling between Austria end I russia was to be drawn, which was to be to ami Prussia 4 The aei inions, thou the Austrian to be Bavaria. Tins is, I beli ibers of the t should her I should have mint Austria tation; tie acceptation ot the last was accom panied by the remark that the right of free union alluded to was already sanctioned by paragraph 11 of the Bundesakt of 1815. In return tor sanc? tioning these points, Austria demanded as prelimi? nary conditions to a final understanding. 1. The total abandonment of the constitution of v. That Prussia should leave untouched the Bund in its present position and not opposo the resolutions of the assembly sitting in Frankfort. With regard to the free conference Austria re? quired that the form in which the Vienna confer? ences of 1845 took place should bo formally adopt? ed. Austria presided at these conferences. The results to possess the character of a binding fed? eral resolution, and to be published like the Vien? na final convention. To these preliminary con- ; ditibns thus put by Austria, Count Brandenburg replied in the name of Prussia, that she was,not in a position to permit any one sided alteration to be made in the protocol of the 35th sitting of the provisional college of princes (8th of Oct.) and that with regard to the assembly in Frankfort it could not possibly he recognized as the Bunds Ver? sammlung, hut that its existence would not be oh jeeted to. The nnswer to the Austrian refusals of the first and third points was reserved. Very long and warm discussions are represented to ha re taken place, hut without producing any chance in the intentions of either party, and the conference separated without coming to any actual decision. The Emperor of Russia declared, however, that if the Prussian Government should afterward agree to the Austrian deaiauds, lie would gua? rantee the fulfillment of the programme as it would tl en stand. Your readers will now perceive the real state of affairs at the beginning of the month, and a few words more will show clearly the origin of the present crisis. Herr Von Radowitz read to the cabinet a long memorial, in which he explained his views on the conditions appended by Warsaw to the acceptance of the points of the programme presented in Warsaw, and on her re? jection of points ! and II. The late Minister of Foreign Aflairs declared that, the Constitution of the Erfurt Union could not be abandoned. The honor of Prussia and her- position in Germany would, in consequence, receive a deep and incu? rable wound, nut! the whole of the Governments belonging to the Union would fall off, all sympa? thy in the nation would ho lost. He farther de? clared that in the affairs of Sleswig-Holstein ami the Electorate of Hesse Cassel, no further propo? sitions than those already derided upon could with honor be made to Austria. The latter he considered as the vital question, and proposed therefore to the King and his colleagues the fol? lowing points : 1. Prussia remains immovable by the declara ! tion that though ready to accede to a mutual so? lution of the Hessian question, she could not per? mit the occupation of the electorate in obedience to n soi disant federal resolution. if Bavarian troops enter the electorate, that mow ment to be immediately followed by the en? try of the Prussians. 3. If the former remain in the neighborhood of Hanau, this one for the time being not to be at? tacked. 4. If they possess themselves of greater por? tions of the Electorate, and particularly of Cassel, before the Prussian troops can reach it, the Pros t sian commander in chief is to be guided solely by the military considerations of force ant! position, in order to repulse the enemy at the suitable mo ment. 5. According to the latest information, not only Bavarian troops are concentrated in Franconia, but that also very large Austrian forces, from all parts of the Empire are being concentrated in forced marches on our frontiers, the mobilisation of the Prussian army in the central points, or? deret! by the King, shall be decreed. ti. To'forward a declaration to Vienna, that far from any aggressive desire, Prussia has been coin pelled to mobilise her army in consequence of the threatening measures adopted by the Austrian government, and to transmit a similar explanation to the other European courts. 7. With the mobilisation there shall appear a rojal manifesto explaining the position of affairs. 8. The convocation of the chambers shall take place with the least possible delay. These propositions, though well received by the Kir.g and the Prince of Prussia, were opposed by ' the majority of the Cabinet, on the ground that the military demonstrations desired by Herr v?n Rad? owitz w ere never had recourse to bnt in case of war, and that ! hey were unnecessary if fresh ne? gotiations w< :e to be commenced, and the Minis? ter for Fere' _,n Affairs therefore on the 2d resigned his portlu ; On the 3rd his resignation was ac? cepted by the King, and on the same day dis? patches were forwarded to Vienna, intimating the adhesion of Prussia t t the Austrian proposals.? On the morning of the 6th, Count BernstorfT tele? graphed from Vienna that Prince Schwarzenberg declined any turther negotiations that were not preceded by the total evacuation of Hesse Cassel by the Prussian troops, and threatened, unless than condition were complied with, to cause military measures tobe employed to enforce it. This threat was on the same day replied to by this govern? ment with a royal order lor the mobilisation of the whole army ai.d the Landwehr. The immediate commencement of hostilities seemed imminent, when yesterday, the 9th, fresh dispatches arrived from Vienna, the nature of which has been allud? ed to above. I hope that this narrative will place the situation of the two powers clearly before the public. Kesponsc to the .Elector of Hesse Cassel. i2 Gassei., November 6.?The Neue Hessische Z< ilnns publishes a declaration of the remaining Members of the Representative Committee, in answer to that of the Elector, which was dated Wilhelmsbad, October 28, lt-50. A declaration, countersigned by the Ministers of the Elector, gives open testimony that the peo? ple of the Electorate of Hesse never failed in latth to their Sovereign. Yet the same declara? tion announces that Austrian and Bavarian troops are marching in in execution of the decree of the Diet, in order to secure the fulfillment of the or tiers which were issued in September, and to sup? port the state of war suspended over the country. Thus the Min.sters have broken and delivered ap to foreign powers the authority of the Sov ?: iitx Tbey ~a. :c the reins of the Government to pass from the hand, of the Ejector into thofleof the Commis.ior.erot an assembly of GoVeramaat 1 lenipotenttanes, who have attributed to them raft" thrl tltle ?f "A"?m% of OenS, Diet. The next consequence of this has been the occupation of the conntrv by foreign trooos In onr aeclaration of the o.'th of September we have already, agreeing herein with the lan Uepre tentative Ass< mbly, own that the formerly ex" istiiig Assembly of the Diet was lawfully afc. solved, and recognized i.s dissolved, by the fror? eminent cf the country, and has not since been established by any 1? w or any other a :t binding wrthe Electorate of Hesse. , We therefore, at that time declared that wc - o ud look upon any interference of the Fraak lort Assembly w iih the affairs of the Electorate as an attempt against the security and indepea I ; ? "i. the State, and we clainie 1 the protection oi ine rights of nations against it. lu pursuance ,f tbl ^' Wft,c".l> to watch over the interests representatioi-, we must point out the Frankfort Assembly] as an uniust tA^taatHta hie attack. \V?- nourish the earnest expectation tl -t in o i ' r .i ti i- i;V-'\ ?no, w"' remain conscious which on the side ol tee people has never beet: : l3t ' ? ? ? ? s '. its 'tS'1' b i s,1 ag-^itjt, law or Government. The servants of the State of every dettree. true to the oath which they swore lor the safeguard and maintenance of the ((institution, mindful of the precept which is con tamed in it. that no order or injunction is-to contain anything which is contrary to the law, have in " proceedings clung tightly to the law and to the Constitution ; ll any person should fail in his duty in this respect, the courts are in full activity, and have always decided, as the Constitution directs, without any foreign influence, according to estab? lished rights and constitutional law. The whole nation strongly an.! proudly holds fast to the ban? ner of the Constitution, on which alone the pow? er and consideration ol the Government depend are rooted). It cannot be the will of Germany to I Account of the I'ruaainn Army, Tie Pniccinti arm oil ?,??..-> !? ,,,-.,?,,;. , i iii rrussmu u .neu ,out, is organized me i corps d'armie, including the corps pi (luardj. Each line corps consist.- ol two divisions of infan? try and two brigades of cavalry; each infantry : division of two brigades . and i ach brigade of two regiments of tie line of three battalions euch, and ? two regiments of Laudwohrof three battalions. Each brigade of oa\ airy consists of two regiments of four squadrons. To this must he added a hri ' gade of artillery, consisting of three divisions, famishing on the war footing a totnl of twelve foot and three horse batteries, each of eight guns, j or 120 in all. The following detail will, however, ; give a better idea of the total strength, premising that all regiments of infantry have four companies of 350 men, all squadrons 200 horses: The re? spective arms of the eight line corps give a total of 223 000 infantry, 38,000 cavalry, 29,000 artillery, and 1,080 field-pieces, or a general total of 290,000 fighting men. To this must he added the corps of Guards, consisting of l regiments of.'! battalions, ! Landwehr regiments of 3 battalions, i Russian regiment of battalions, 2 rille battalions, C cav. airy regiments of ! squadrons each, and a brigade of :i divisions of artillery, giving, with sappers nnd miners and pontoon "brigade, a total of .'(.s.OO? men. The total force of tho nine corps d'armie, including Landwehr first and second class, gives, in round numbers, three hundred and twenty five thousand men, with upward of 1,000 Held pieces. As regards the latter, however, it would not be possible, for some time nt least, to brim: niora than 600 or 650 pieces into tho field, or somewhat in the ratieof 2 guns per 1,000 men. SPAIN, linlloon Asccn-don. A Mr. Orlandi made a balloon ascension at Har celona on Oct. 27. As no news was obtained of him for two days, great uneasiness wasjfelllest ho should have met with the same unhappy fate as .Monsieur Arban. He had, however, a very nar? row escape of his life. The balloon wa* wafted over the snow-covered mountains of V allvidrera, where it was enveloped in a thick mist, now and then pierced by lightning. The intrepid leronaut was covered with a thick coating of hail, that fell incessantly. Having ascended above the elbad, ho caught another glimpse of the sun, und, seeing that the wind changed in a southwesterly direr. tion.be resolved to descend to tho earth, which ha could not in the least distinguish. The wind drove tho balloon with terrible ve? locity, and at last it fell into the sea, where M. Orlandi, holding last by the ropes, managed tu keep himself above water during three hours, when he was washed on shore at ten at night, his balloon being carried out to sea agnin. Alter two two hours spent on the cold sand, he recovered hit; strength sufficiently to get up and look out lor shelter. He was stopped by one of the coast? guard, who had like to have shot him as a smug? gler or a bandit, but who recognizing him as the man of the balloon, (et I,ombre del globe) took him to a village ami put him to bed. A subscrip? tion has been set on foot for him, as, with the loss of Iiis balloon, he has boen deprived of his only re? source. ITALY. Itonmn Finances. The Roman Journal of the 'list ult. publishes a decree of Cardinal Antonelli, dated the 'JHth, insti? tuting a financial Conaulta, of which the members are to be chosen by the Pope out of a list of foar names submitted to him by the Provincial Coun? cils. His Holiness is to appoint other members, ns well as the President, who is to be a Cardinal, tn.d a Vice-President, who is to be a prelate. In order to be elected, it ia necessary to be it) years of age, to possess the knowledge necessary, and lo be known to enjoy a good political nnd religions character. The eligible must likewise he the owner of a landed property worth 10,000 scudi, or of a capital of 12,000 scudi lodged in the public securities, or be a Hector, Professor, or member j of n College of the L nivcrsity, and possess a landed property of [2,000 scudi. The Pope has tie: right ? of dissolving the Consults. The latter examine* ' and revises the budgets of receipts and expendi? tures, gives its opinion on the creation and sup? pression of debts, taxes, adjudications, toe reform of the tariffs, encouragement to agriculture; hulas, try and trade, and the financial elanses of com? mercial treaties. The discussions of the Consults ine sen t. The members are named for six yean, and one third is to be renewed every two years. The olliee of Councillor is gratuitous, but the Pro? vincial Treasury is to accord him a sum for trav? eling expenses and his sojourn in the capital. TURKEY. The Blowing Up of a Tlirec-Decltrr Mne Hundred Llv.es i.oxt. Constantinople, Oct. 25.?A most dreadful estastrophe, attended withgreat lbs* of life) his just occurred. The Nein Shevket, ship of the line, of 1--0 guns, bearing the flag of {.be, Grand Admiral, was totally destroyed by an explosion of its powder-magazine on ?be 23d ins:. This .'rcntUul accident occurred in the Arsen:?'; at about ten minutes past 10 A M. and was sotern?c as to have been heard at a great distance. It is surmised by well-informed persons of the Admi? ralty that it is owing to accident. The most rea? sonable rumor is, that it is owing to negligence, as several canisters <a the powder conveyed to the magazines on shore were in a bad condition, ami a quantitv of this combustible was spilled. It is likely the lower deck was not swept, and some dull mariner emptied tho contents ol hi* pipe on the floor, when naturally it formed a tram and running to the powder magazine, caused an instantaneous explosion, which was so power ful that it divided the ship into two parts, ana biew up the upper deck with the guns and nggis, full 25 feet in the air. This part fell sideways mte the sea, and disappeared for a few minutes, w lower deck was then observed to catch lire and bum with intense violence for seven mm a el, v. hen the ship gradually sank- Immediately alt? the explosion hundreds of kaika and embarcatioa* repaired to the scene of disaster and a number 01 mutilated remains, showing but little resembling to human beings, were picked up. Of tho M taken to the temporary ambulance erected on shore, '.<t> died immediately after; and most otto* sufferers were in such a dreadful condition that no hope whatever was entertained of their recovery One poor fellow, a lieutenant, was picked up nearlv drowned, fearfully burnt, and with a spute through his shoulder. He died six minutes altar having been conveyed to the ambulance. A ga? lant Armenian porter had both his legs cut clew olf, and still courageously dictated a letter to hi* .... ther, informing her of his sad fate. Thousand*