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?orry to tee yon so ill." Madame Wagner being suspicious of her, ?fi*i not reply, bat marie the ?ige. of tbe ' Secret Police," which the stranre lady answered, convincing Madame Wagner that her sraspievons were well founded. Tbe strange lady ?eeing that ehe had betrayed herself by return? ing the airn, left the room immediately, and ?aid to the lady of the house that she would re? turn in a few minutea with a carriage to take Madame Wagner away, when she would he bet? ter taken care of. Thia lady waa one of the^" Se? cret Poliee," and bad she captured Madam? V> ag? ner she would have trained the high reward, and Madame Werner would have been hung But a kind i'roviderjce, who watches over tbe just, had ordered it otherwise. Tho ladv who waa sitting beside the bed told Madame Wagner ahe had her carriage at the door; tbe poor tick lady lett her bed with only her wrapper, Ac. on, went down and drove off'to a place ot aafety, leaving behind ber two trunks filled with the valuables of Kos nth, which she had got possession of in Hungary and waa then taking to him. With diuVulty she reached the same steamer that Kostuth'a chil? dren were to go on. She still had money b-nnd around her person, and with some of it she 11 tbe Austrian Csptain to conceal her until he was ready to start. She was still in strict disguise, to much so that when the tutor and children saw ber they did not recognize her. I? a few days ihe bad to leave the steamboat, as it would stop nt a place where none bat those who had Aus than passports would be permitted to pasa. Sne wrote on a scrap of paper the name she was go? ing by, and also wrote, " I am going where you are going " She slipped the paper into the tutor's band and left the boat, got into a very small Turkish boat with three or four sailors, and with? out a bed or any of the com/ortt of life, this paar, tick lady reached Constantinople. She went im? mediately to Rebec and the house of Rev Win. BhaofHer. This gentleman you well know. He took her ia Bhe was washed, dressed and comforted, and after she was restored to health and strength, Mr. Sbauttier, with our other kind American missionary friends, provided her with a ?addle and bridle,clothing, and every comfort she needed, and ahe again atarted for Kutahia, the ?biding place of poor Kossutb and his untortunate country men, where ahe arrived safely, after cross? ing the sea of Marmora, and from Brousa rode three dsysou horaehack The children had reached there before her She wrote from Kutahia to Mr. 8hauthVr, that both Gov Kossuth and his lady looked the pictures of woe and misery , their close confinement and distress of mind waa hastening them to the grave They have to bo atrictly guarded, on account of the Austrian aasassins, who are ever larking about to assassinate them. Tbe year has now expired during which the Sul? tan intended keeping them in Turkey, but as no nation or people have as yet offered to take them out of his hands and carry them away to a coun? try where they will be safe, ho has to keep them ?till, although he knows that they are extremely nnhtppy. and will ero long die if they are not set at liberty Thia is a sad, sad case,- after a!! that the good, kind hearted Sultan has done to save them from the knife of the "Austrian Execu? tioner." that there is no Christian nation offering to take them away to their country, where they Will be safe. 1 know of no other people who could ?o well do it as the Americans Our Government, I know, cannot, as it cannot interfere in the dis? putes and wars of other nations. But why our citizens do not etre erid'ncr of their sympa'hy for the poor, unfortunate Kossuth and his faithful fol lowers, I cannot conceive. After all that the Sul? tan has done lor them, are they now to die for the want of Christian friends t A few thousand dollars would liberate them from their con fine n:?nt, save them from a alow and painful death, and aet them at liberty upon "the Land of the Free." ."..r Bhaotfler writes me that none are to be ao much pitied as those who, to save themselves from atarvation, "have renounced their religion forthat of the Turks,' as they also expected to be at liberty to return to Christianity at the end of the vi nr, but as that is not the case they have become desperate. But, my dear friends, 1 need not dwell on this ?abject to you, as you have yourselves witnessed all that 1 have in Turkey, of the distress and alllic tion of your unfortunate countrymen, while you remained under our root. I sincerely hope, how? ever, that the time ia not distant when tho hearts of my rounlr^me i will be open to succor yours? when Kossuth will be brought to " tho Land of the Free and the Home of the Brave !" And now I would recount to you mv own wan darings since I wrote to you from Washington, were it necessary , but as 1 know that the public papers have informed the public of our movements, it is not necessary that I should. I am now stay? ing with my friends in the town of Chillicothe, where I resided during my married lifo, and where my son was bom. Me, with Mrs Brown and Amin Bey, have gone down to New Orleans; fsom there tbey will go to Charleston, South Car? olina, and then he will come here for me. I hope Ion will r.'ry soon write to me, and direct to Mrs. lary P. Brown, care of Mr. George Wood, Chilli? cothe, State of Ohio. I will be here some weeks yet. Your sincere friend, > MARY r. BROWN Tempern nee In Jefferaon Coanty, N. Y. Correspondence of The Tribune. WaTiBtowk, Tuesday, Jan Cl, 1851. The Annual Meeting of the Jefferson County Temperance Society was held here this afternoon, and waa characterized by the right spirit, and will doubtless bo productive of good results.? Hon. IliLLARO lvts, M. C. elect, in the Chair: L Inc.alls, Ksq. Secretary. Not to speak in detail of that part of the pro? ceeding* which have only a local interest, tho friends of the cause throughout the State may be gratified to know the position held by the friends in Jefferson County. The following Preamble and Resolutions were unanimo sly adopted: Wkrrtot, Experience la* shown that without some more eaVirbi check upon i*e piogiess of luleuiperance In our land. UV? avll can uevor be staid | and w bcreas, the present Heel m- laws are seen to operate rather In perpetuating than dlalutshlr'g the tMh of Intemperance; and whereas, it Is clearly iheduty of our State Lsa/taiatarato prohibit waat ?vot Uialoeaa, manuiaciute or liaSJk i* known toi>e ?bo.lv OvU to Its result* upon the in*** of ihe public, wlie.ii request? ed so to do by them . and whereas, legislation is appropri? ately the basinets of our Stale Senate and A?s>-uiMy when convened at our Stale House in Albany, and is ooi, "l?y our CamjsUiuUud, the business of the peop>o a* a mass; lliere sWtv Ksahcd. Thai measures ahould l>e taken, not only to more ?fleclually check the further propres? of intemperance la air holders, but to hanUh It from the land M?nfsni. That oar present license laws are radically Wrung Ui principle, and uaivwaaiiy pero.iioae in practice, belog based on eriotirous premise*, and executed wtlk no reA retire to their *pirlt. aod hut verv tSttM to llirlr ksttSJ Htt'Jud. 1 hat ti e preeeul l.r-,- ? ?ture Ih- reou??l?d to abolish tho present license laws, aut to pa** an ac pr. !. king the traffic hi intovicaiing iio/tora as a rwvera<re. with suitable penal protiaiooa to take erteoi ?'.mu.itne HSStf Ihr?..(h> ui the (halt hemZtftd, That while, as temperance men. are Joprecat* the nece**ll.i of any pohUrsl action MOa the SSN9OCI of troipeiance'that >'el Ills the duly of e wry te iterance ?an to vote for *uch uirn, and only ?u?-h, fir meiusoraof ouch legislature*, fur all judicial officers, as well as bof-d OS exet*?, aa bavt- iiiora4t.aoa*e ai u tirimien* ol characior onough ?w*V> rvAl and tvl* riyAt, bowe.ee others may do or ihiak. XtsUmni, Thai to secure concert of art.on. It is expected and iieor**ary that a more perfect orgaui/aticu 01 the AmhmIs of Temperance ahoutU be had In Iba severs! towns Of* this Coun'v, and a* auxiliary to tbe County Society AVsWaed. Tnai brai'dy *a sugar,** ?.1110 onrbojraSW Coofrriionary. (shut another name lor hramty and Sil Sts la 01 catcovaV* m*d drntttifdiy rorm, and loot we SjasSBM OUSWCt aaaV Italy patronise such shop* a* soil k* to our rklMiaa Witt. Olaud Bounie of New York, off-red the following preamble and reeolutiona, which were ananimonsly adopted i Mar?ru?. Theotiiy iegi?mat? mode of a* resting the wide? spread evils of ihe bquor traffic t* the onactoaeut of a pro? hibitory law . and ir,e pruruieipet ? of :? . 1?? ,-r upon Uniieaj, BxiUi'u.noas aod energy Of me InejJr :>| Tern peraLC*. B n-irttL, That we call op <n the friends of Temperance m the City and County or New-York and in ibosevo-al Couaues ?.f ibis State, to unite with us in an Immediate and Ooaerrk d edort lor the aceomp lehmeut ot Ibis en*. Her-Jred. Trial we p ?j^e ourselves to meet 0 ir friends :n A't>arv on Ihe tri: of Mar-h wiin momonals ac v m Wut iwolh.Hirartd signatures from Jefforsoc t\>uu.v. a.-.d ?jMapoa the Cooniv ot New York for twenty thouaai l. aa^UM remaining CounDes for tho balance of at least oao rac uV>u*and petiuonera Tbe follow tu? form of petition was adopted, to be circulated ^ County and forwarded to the Legislature. 1-iprl?^ An efficient organisation in overy town and sxbool district is resolved upou, and w?l be ener | getically prosecuted throughout the Country. Wo hope tbe challenge thrown out to our fellow-hv borers ia every County ia the State will bo ac? cepted, and that toe members uf the Legislatora will have the memorials poured in upon them by ' tht first of March with an overwhelming and irre" ?Ittiblo force. Yours, la L. P and P. W. o. B. SCENES AND TflOlTGHTS IN EUROPE. er aj American?IG. H. Calvert)?part It. Could a tL an be aaid to have traveled from Pan to Beersheba, who had compaaaed the apace between the two by steam * Traveling impliea effort, labor, a certain concurrent locomotive ac? tivity and a aelf-guidance on the part of the trav, eler. Once in a railroad car, he is passive, sub. ordinate, without authority or will, with but even a tatter of personality left to him in the shape of his ticket. lie does n't travel, be is transported, and is hurriedly thrust out on the platform of a station, just as though, instead of being a bag of electrified capillaries, he were but a bag of oats. Id this way we came in a few hours from Wies? baden to Heidelberg. The beautiful structures of man s making rise from tbe Esrtb like a favored growth out of it Tbey are adopted by Nature The Sun rejoices to shine on them. The Castle of Heidelberg we reacted in time to beboid it by a sunset of Amer ican gorgeousness The rosy atmosphere deep? ened the expression of the beautiful inward fas cade which stood again before us ever young and fresh. Perennial youth is not a fable or a futile longing it is tue gift of Genius to its handiwork, and is the touchstone of Art But a work of gen uiue Art is not only >?ung itself, it makes you young To revisit it, annihilates time. The in? tervening years are bridged over by a rainbow. Through time-rents and vacant casements, the rich horizontal beams fell with aglow as of celes? tial giadnsss. From the Urrace, the town be? neath, with the valley and plain that stretched far away toward the burning West, lay in a blissful tranquillity Alas! only to the outward eye, fascinated by the purple opulence of light. In this seeming I'aranise the ubiquitous serpent is at work, Hbil here is neither bliss nor peace. bet in their stead unrest, misery This magniti *ent leave-takiii| between San and Earth; thia il? luminated ferewell; this broad parting look of love, which lights up the countenance of the re? sponsive Earth with an intense flush ol beauty? bow many see it or share it of the tens of thou? sands there below en whom it falls I In torpid imbecility, in exasperated couflict, they lie and writhe there, with senses closed to the heavenly message This beaut,, which is lor them, they cannot claim; this munificence of Nature they are too poor to accept. The few who, b> fortune or spiritual affoit, possess freedom enough to enjoy, revel on such spectacles, and in thorn escape from tbe omnivorous evil around, their imagina? tions puiged by this transfiguring light. Oan be a moment they escape, for the ghastly realities can be but momentarily laid Not as the evanescent demons of a dream do these come, but as the abiding terrors that leap upon the awaken? ing criminal. So begirt arc wo by implacable hostilities; sell-doomed to have every joy shad owed In a sorrow, every lovo dogged In a hate, i every v->ossessioii haunted by a fear. Dees en ling into the town, wc came upon ' Squads of Prussian soldien. Whenever I meet these mechanized men, these soul informed ma? chines, these man shaped irresponsibilities, 1 feel saddened, humiliated, insulted Plainer than words they say to me?Speak not, think not, act not. In their presence I am utterly quenched ? I feel myself supplanted, and in my place a mus ket. In their speechless tramp there is some? thing terrific. This steeled silence controls my speech?this noiseless movement para izes inv will. The European Armies hang on tho Nations a monstrous Idleness, a universal polluting scab.? In them arc condensed into one vast blignt the seven plagues of Egypt, Like tbe " frogs, ' they "come upon the people, into their houses, their bed-chambers, their ovens, their kneading troughs. How this picture fits them in all its traits. Look at those knots of lounging, dirty sol? diers; they swarm and buzz over the whole land, like tbe "lice atd Hies, ' only more befouling than these. Are they not " sores and Mains ' on the people?a moral and physical corruption, and a drain upon their strength' "The fire that ran along on the ground,' what could realize it more vividly than the march of armies, smiting like tho "hail,'' as tbey pass, both man and beast, and herb and tree ; and eating, like the "locusts," the fruits of the earth and ?vsjsy green thing. In tbe crowning plague of "Darkness,' tbe likeness is the most palpable. Standing armies are the very fomentors ot darkness. Their office is to propa? gate Night and make men sleep on. They are coarse, brutalizing Force, in contrast and con 11 i t with the subtle, humanizing, liberating power of the intellect and heart of Man. They are a mil lion mouthed extinguisher, plied ceaselessly by . the hand of Despotism to crush out the light so fast as it jets up They exist to euforce Man's ?a against God s law?to be the jailora of Thought, the executioners of Freedom. Profit mad I,ose?The League. Tho formation ol a Free Trade League iu our City tor the avowed purpose of pro? moting the abolition of all Import Duties whatever anil the substitution of Direct Taxes therefor, ha* very naturully excited interest in Ureat Britain. The OUugow Daily Mail thus speculates thereon : " Our able New-York correspondent notices a new organization in the I mted States, for the purpose of changing the common mode of levying taxes. At present, the general revenue ot' the I nion is almost entirely derived from customs duties. The local expenditure is chiefly raised by direct taxes. S j long as the Republic depends for its general revenue on customs duties, free importations will be impossible. A respectable, although a smail party in New York, have ex? pressed a deaire to change the present plan of meeting tho expenditure. They are chiefly sou nected with she European commerce, and they want tree exports and imports As a preliminary and a proper condition, they want to remodel the taxation ot the community . The wisdom which has led them to commerce at the beginning of the question, instead ol dasking into the middle, rather augurs well for their ultimate success. The .Ycr \oik I'.n saaW Pi>tt is the only journal in which, so far as we nave yet observed, their views aro clearly defended The Evening Po<t does not even appear to be a paper ot great commercial weight; but this party in the States will ulti mat?ly embrace a large part of the commercial community. At present, Mr Collins, whose name is connected with the steamets from New-York, is the principal promoter of direct taaatioi. Mr Collins differs in this respect materially frjua ! many o! his contemporaries iu this country. Be sees, hewever, in his plan the only means of car- . rying unrestricted commercial intercourse. His ' project is comprehensive and interesting to the ! people of Great Britain, who get littie of their revenue from the importation 01* UaJtSjd States 1 produce, and could therefore lose only that little, ' atd would sain ssucA saSta Ay the sesetSJ of thit ? ttnii'tithtHii, rrform Our correspondent is a man i ot taits and figures He has an evident tendency i to the investigation of probabilities, without ttid tinge that party enthusiasm sometimes throws ' [ over tbe account He has studied the American j ' t haractd deeply, and he distinctly says that tue I new party cannot progress Tin- Americans en? tertain a rooted hatred to many proposals, an i to none more than that of 'direct taxes.' We have no doubt that he is perfectly rigrit in the mean? time. The constituencies Of the I nited States? left to their sense of justice, their desire of profit I their feeling of rectitudt?left be themselves will net impose a direct tax on their own eari.iug*. or MsVsct taxes on their own t r,.:i-th in. 7'eey will rtovtre to be stimulated by a tittle exertion on tkt* tide of tke water. They will at iu tni muter with more ?ifSjr H they learn that the scheme is necessary for their own benefit than if no such intimation be receive.!. Altho isjh w ? have no reason to expect tbe success ot this scheme in the I nited States st an early date, or so long as our present regulations exist y et we notice its an? nouncement in evidence thst some of the princi? pal merchants in the Cnion do not tear direct taxes; but perhaps they do not understand them." Moi.i. Kidn aiuno ?Another case of kidnap? ping took i-1 ace in Sadsbury township, Lancaster County, Pa. one night last weea. Some hsii dozen or more men made a descent on a negro tint, end taking therefrom one of its inmates, a colored man, gagged him and burrted off to the Maryland Use, aUtre.be was oauded over to another party, to allow the original capturers, no doubt, to return into the free States, to carry od' some other victims The tie?rro was Mas til John W illiams, and was said to be tree. | Lebanon Cour. Pacific Kallraad-Thc Whitney To the Editor ../ \ Ke Tribmu Mr Whitney s plsn for a Railroad to the Pacific hat been objected to by practical men | and their objection! may deserve aerioui consideration Upon hit own clearly expreited and anambigu out oredicatet, he mty abandon the work when the brat tOO miles through a comparatively fertile I country ia accomplished, and, instead of employ? ing the anticipated surplus fund in prosecuting I the work through the ?00 tucceeding miles over an indifferent soil, pronounce it impossible?as j well be might?and quietly pocket the money ? Por a demonstration c! this procesa. illustrated by a suitable diagram, tee American. Railroad Jour? nal of 3th Nov. last (1) Fcr the lucceis of a railway enterpriae, it is ne ceasary that the termini should be points of some commercial importance. As a general rule, ex? trusive projects demand the more populous and wealthy cities to sustain them. The Whitney project has no corresponding emporium at either end, and Lake Michigan, the Hastern terminus, is ire bound several months in the year. (2) Overcome these difficulties, however, and still an insurmountable obstacle to the work remains. The jiroaed* oj mm land cculd not construct it.? The tale ot public lands cannot be !airly estimated, for a series of years to ? ..me, at a greater amount than #:.,00'-i,(h'? a year. This sale is governed by the natural laws of procreation and the contingen? cy of immigration trom home and abroad. A fac? titious snd premature acceleration may increase this rate for a few consecutive years, bat it mast inevitably fall back to thia average, which maybe safely pronounced the maximum. There are st this time not less than i,">00 miles of railroad pro? jected through districts of the New States where public lands are in market, ami immense tracts are now on sale, not only in the vicinity of sir-h rsiiroad lines, but upon the shores of navigable waters j while the rapid extinguishment of Indian titles, and new surveys, are giving annual and vast accessions to the choice of the emigrant. The pioneers, who are the avant couriers of em? igration, compose but a limited portion of the whole corps, and it must be principally upon this description of adventurers that Mr. Whitney's sales would depend It would, then, be unsafe to calculate on a larger annual sale than half a mil? lion ; but allow, it yon please, twice that amount, ai.d the Road would be some *0 or ICO years in process of construction. But upon a icbcme so doubtful?not to say vis? ionary?it must result that few, very few, of those hsrCy and intelligent men. who risk every earthly possession to sesure a home in the wilderness, would hazard their last dollar (3) Upon the motives o! Mr. Whitney tho public have a rit/ht to speculate, for he calls on the nation to assist him in bis enterprise. Let us be charita hie. He probably desires to make money?to do the public some service, and acquire fame as the successful projector of a magnificent work. Such motives arc not only not unusual, but in tome de BN meritorious; and I have seen DO reason to doubt hia sincerity. But, under the convi tion? a convict'on derived from facts, and from such ex? perience aa the nature of my positions admit? that his project is entirely impracticable, I have felt it h duty t<> make these suggestions and I hi I to assure Mr. Whitney that they are made with no unkind feeling toward him or his numer? ous friends. As OLD Pioneer. UreerieiU,, III., Dei. 1800. Hi marks. 1. Our correspondent U mistaken. When the first BOO mile* are completed, one-half the land on each side of tho Road will re? main unsold. That land can only be sold to pay the cost of the Road as it advances further; if it goes no farther, the land is not sold and Mr. Whitney does not pocket a cent of its value. . 2. There is no difficulty about empori? ums; let the Road he made and they will appear. At the Eastern terminus it will have for emporiums St. Louis, New-Or? leans. ('harleston, Baltimore, Philadelphia, New-York and Huston?all the great cities of the country. It will connect with them by means of railroads now built or soon to be built. 3. This third objection contradicts the first. If the proceeds of the land cannot make the Road, there's no danger that Mr. Whitney w ill pocket much by only making a piece of it. The 1 Old Pioneer* does not exactly"conceive thr idea of this enterprise, it must ditlier from ordinary undertakings of the kind by being at the same time a vast scheme of emigration and colonization. It must offer such advantages to the starv? ing toilers of Kurope as will induce them to Hook to the line of the Road in numbers sufficient to carry it through with rapidity. The "avant couriers of emigration" will not do ; the flood of emigration itself must be turned on, and the Road completed in from Id to 2.r) years. i . a. o. Court of Appeals. Alhanv, Knuay, Jan 21 Thit being motion day, the following motiont were decided i Swarthout and others, reapondonta, agt. C'irtit and othera, trutteet, Ac. appellant!.?Motion t> dismiss appeal denied, without costs. Samuel Stevens for resj<ondents ; B. W. Bonney for ap? pellants. Smith, appellant, agt f.ynes and others, respondents Motion by appellant to vacate the rule of affirmance entered on the Math inst granted on termt. Charles W. Sandford for appellants A. Taber for respondents. Kanouie, appellant, agt Martin, respondent.? Motion by reipondent to itay all proceeding! upou thia appeal until the coata ot dismissing a former appeal shall be paid, Ac granted, with costs. Ueo. P. Corn stock for respondents A Taber for appel? lant, i K ntered aa of the 10th inatant) Dunn and another, respondent!, agt. Morgan and Brother appellanta i two cauaei. Motion by ap pellanta to vacate the rulea hitherto entered in these causei, and that the appellants have ten Jays from the -'th inst to procure a proper bill of exceptions in the first mentioned oause. to be tiled witf the Clerk of thia Court, granted on payment of coats ot the motion. Samuel Stevern, lor ap pe'lanta. If. Hill, Jr. for respondents. No. 43. Crafts, appellant, agt Mott, reipondent Submitted upon printed argument! and points, (ytattrday , N Howard, Jr counsel No. til Carpenter, reipondent, agt. Sheldon, ap? pellant Argued. A. Taber for appellant, P Y. Cutler for reipondent No. IM Doke, apppellant, agt James and rthtri. leipcndenta. Submitted upon pnnted ar gumvi.ta snd points T W ?iibb, counsel for ap? pellant: N Howard, counsel for respondents Bst.ks and another, surv. Ac respondents, agt. Bokee six! another, appe.lautt Order for costs entered by respondents, for not making a motion pursuant to notice P Y Cutler, for reipondent! No. 41 Smith. appellant, agt Sauger, respond? ent. Argued <j?ro f Comstock, for appellant; V* m. A Dart, for respondent Tbe following order, appointing terms of tbe Court, was entered "Ij< th c ? 01 kt or Arrr \Ls. Jairiarv 24. M '1. ? Ordered TIbi >.r.?..r ineCnri he be id is loliowa Al'lieCti? Hai,trt>?e City of New-Vors on Co foorth f Tneodsv I? h I of Mareti seal; at the Coon H tise a ?1- \ i' irs. Cliemoeg County, on tho third Tu**riav tlTtb) of Jur e r est; a' the Court Room in tne Ct'.v of Syracuse, oa Ihe r ? h Tuesday (s*ah | of S-pi next; at the Capitol in the i City of Alhoey, on the fifth Monday f 2*h) of Desetnbor j reit: ard at the same pl?ce. on (be frst Friday (Ml of Jan- | uarv. It.v " Adjourned sine die. Mi. ?mast's C<'ntribttk>"! to the Washik to> Mom mixt?The Detroit Trsbmnt, of the 16th, noticei the block of Copper to be sent from that Stste to the Washington Monument It it a beau? tiful block of native copper from the Cliff Minei_ When finished it will be two feet wide, three feet long, and about six inches in thickness. Toe surface is to be smoothly dressed and highly pol? ished, and the following inscription inlaid with name stiver from BUM Lake Superior Country* FROM MICHIGAN. (Coat of arms.) Has rai >t i?? thr Batata.* Tie block in its ro^h ttate weighed -.V.-o ?ti BBU It wul U secrelj placed in it! proper pi saun w .th iron clasps. FRANCE. - 4> - New-Yenr's ?taow? and Festivities -Loals >i poleen Pellilrai Prisoners ? Pensecurleai af ihr Presn-Parls Streets-Curlaus Dis? covery Correspondence of Tbe Tribune. Pari?. Thursday, Jan. 2. 1851. The festive rejoicings of the put week have oc? cur ied the whole city, to the almost total exclu? sion of every other topic, and ample justice seems to have been done to the various preparations trade by ail classes of society, each according to the measure of its possibilities, in honor of the double festival of this pleasant season, the bright est ot tbe social year. Tbe brilliant effect of the shops of Paris, in the full glory of their holiday display, is proverbial | and this year has been ushered in with a profusion ot elegance and luxury in no degree behind the traditions of its predecessors. And how admira? ble are these creations of the inventive genius of Man?these triumphs of Human Labor over the rigidity of Matter?shaping, molding, purifying the inert, heavy subltancca which lie around him and solicit tbe transforming and beautifying ac? tion of his hand . and achieving, through patient effort, "and the loDg result of Time,' the miracles of use, comfort and artistic beauty which measure the upward march of humanity from the hut of tho Savage to the palaces of the Nineteenth Century. ? Tbe contrast between the grace and beauty of these exqnisite products of Art and Industry, so lavishly provided for the gratification of the Few and the ignorance, brutality and misery of tbe Many, which strikes the eye of the looker on at every instant is this capital of the Old World, is very painful; but these shadows of the brilliant picture are relieved by the indications of Progress everywhere apparent, even iu those spheres which, at first sight, seem most hopeless. The summits of the loftiest mountains are first gilded by tbe rsys of the riling sun; but the world rolls on its course, and the blessed sunshine visits the lowliest l aliey s. A very formidable programme of the reception at the Liy see on New Year a Day was published in the Mmnteur of the 30tb. These rei-eptions, which included the representatives of every branch of the Government, from the Kmbassador of foreign powers to tho Hectors of Universities and the Syndics of the various Industrial Corpo? rations, began on the evening of the 31s*. Decem? ber, and were continued OB the 1st January from 11 o'clock A. M. till far into the afternoon , anj must have been sufficiently fatiguing to the Pres? ident, whose health, undermined by excesses which it would be diflicult to enumerate without shocking the susceptibilities of " ears polite," is by no means equal to the enormous demands made upon it every day by tho love of display and the ?vbaritic tastes of the present occupant of the Elytte Bonrmttt, Meantime the subordinate agents of the Go? vernment j'ush on their schemes of repression as vigorously as ever. The prosecutions which have been attempted with a view to discover and pun? ish the I)x Dft i tnliristrn, whose scandaloua vio? lence, falling with fisticuffs and cudgelings on all, without distinction of party, who declined to shout I trc I EvijH itur, on tho President's return from Itouen, have been rendered entirely abortive by the various functionaries, who constitute the Police snd the Courts, and who, dependent Sole? ly on the Executive power, are all leagued in tho service ot the President. The investigations provoked, from time to time, by ti e Republican party in the Assembly, with re gsrd to the treatment of the immense number of citizens now imprisoned for political offenses, many of whom have died from tho insalubrity of the cells, and the icautliciency and unwholesome ne-ss ol the diet, are invariably stifled. In some parts ot the country the curfew baa recently been revived, snd a few days ago tho Prefect of \rd> - che issued a circular forbidding the admission, throughout she department, of any journal or pam? phlet containing the trial of Father Gothland , and notifying the variouscivu functionaries thaf in fu? ture am. journals, arri\bag from the rest of tho country were prohibited! The various laws against the liberty of the Press arc enforced with tbe utmost rigor against the Kei ub.ican journals domiciliary visits, the abstra< tier, and opening of letters, and tbe arbi? trary arrest of those who, by a written or a spoken word, render themselves obnoxious to the reactionary party, are matters of daily occurrence. A poor laborer of this city, th- lather of a large family dependent on his exertions for their daily breao, was condemned, a few days ago, to four mi nt! s imprisonment for havingsung a democratic sin g at a cafe, and cried " rsjSS la rrpubh /ue sisaafi criiti'/yi' it tocialt!" The horrible relations of tbe late trial of Father Gotblsnd. just alluded to, have created a profound impression throughout the country j it is the fourth of these frightful dramas in which a priest has bet i. tbe principal actor, which have occurred within a few tnontha. On an old historic site, like that of Paris, every step reminds one of the Past; the very names ot the streets bring up old memories, and invoke the shades of the departed, especially in the nn.?t am ient cjuarters of the city, where the rsnios ot Pepin, Cbilderic, Clovis, and Charles Mattel, carry one irresistibly from the brilliant metropolis ot the present day back to the old ' rjes when flourished those ancient worthies, ar.d when ail Paris was contained in the little is? land on which stsnds Notre Dame, and which is now but a speck amid the ocean of tnuirtr-r* and tu fair'?that make up the still growing city The i.sines o| these old streets are often as quaint as the half obliterated epitaphs that one finds in si viert churchyards, and doubtless indicate some forgotten legend of former days There is the street of the Dead Tree, of Pepin's Bow, of Aubry tbe Butcher, of 8t Denis little Oven, of the Hermit s Well, of the Well that talks, of the Flying Heart, of the Fishing Cat, of the Itdant Jesus, ot the Woman without a bead, of tbe Iron Mill, of the Rosy Children, of tbe Shivering Woman, of the Great Howler, of the Little Howler, of the Golden Hand, of the Great Andirons, of Kvil Words, ol Bad Counsels, of the White Peacock, of the Five Twenties, of St John's Bsiitlage, of the old Dovecote, of tbe Abbot with tbe Sa ord, ol tbe Wooden Shoe, of the Little Kneading Trough, Ac , and a host of others ob? jectionable, sometimes on the score of coarseness, sometimes on that of undue length and complies tt? n. The city authorities are just now busy in ibsusing tbe names of many of these streets; it is to be hoped, however, that the more pictar esque of these eld names, those which evidently served to perpetuate some ancient traditions, a ill be allowed to remain unaltered. The inha? bitants of Fortntiate Avenue, in the Champs Ely sees, where Balzac lived, have just obtained per mission to have the avenue named in future bat:me Street, ia memory of the illustrious ro? mancer. A curious incident has just occurred at Stenay, Ardennes; A If. Losquinet was bunting a bare, when his dogs came upon an alder of un? usual ai2e. which the huntsman, not without diffi? culty . contrived to kill | and which, on account of its great length, he carried home as a tropby; and tbe next day proceeded to skin, in the presence of several sportsmen of his acquaintance, who had j come to see this singular species of ;ame. But I what was the astonishment of M L on skinning { the creature's head, to tind. embedded in the flesh, a superb diamotd of tbe purest wat-r' This sin gnlar discovery has excited great interest am-.og tbe naturalists of Paris. M. 1 having presented tbe reptile to a celebrated tatan aad of the rue de \anguard. The diamond was sold by M L . to Bablin, the well known jeweller of the Palais aaisiti L<K..e a.n. Vai'ai.is Cargo?The weil known ship Rappabannock of New-York, Oos*' Cushirg was cleared yesterday for Liverpod by Messrs J P Whitney A Co with the fallowing cargo on board 7*9 kegs of lard. t>i)'t tiereea of beef 1.3M barrels of flour, and .i.ooe, bales of cot? ton, the ?imf being about 0003,000. Too Uau pahsnnock is of 1,133 tuns reist-r, b it we under stsnd she carries a larger cargo than any ship ever ...aded at this port Her last Oatfo w%i eijual in bn'k to about 4 HI hale, and tl. ? srssisj to about i.6110 bales of cotton [M. 0 Pic 11 kjfc The Iiihmne mg Tefauaule|>*r. The A'rr f>rIran* Crescent of the 13th mat. con? tain in int?reiting account ?> a journey mCroto the Iithmui olTehuantepec by t gentleman wb\ with nine other*., wn landed on the Pacific coast, by the ship Powhattan, Ctptain Hopkins. They had ttken pasaage for Panamt fron San Francis? co, which port tney left on October I. and, on No? vember 22, they made land near the Salino del 1 llarxbe, aboot II miL'i north of the Tehuautepec River They had been for 1." days on allowance of water, ar I were still about NO milesfrooi Pana? ma. Here they were abandoned by the Captain, and were compel,cd to make the best of their way across the Isthmus, with bat little money and no clothei. except such as they had on when they left the vesiel bot a day icrune. We make the following extracts from the atory of their journeying! Arriving at the town of San Mateo, the party were taken be lore the Governor, to whom they explained their situation, and were quartered, by hii orders, in the City Hospital. The City was in a state of great confusion, as the cholera was rag? ing and tbey every moment expected to be at? tacked by the forces of General Melendes. Some of the itreets and many of the principal buildings were barricaded and fortified, and all seemed to (eel as they expressed it, " mu.-h? calltenti." There were not more than a thousand troops all armed with English muskets. The city contain? ed about ? ,i'< u inhabitants, mostly Indians. All the offices and nearly all the trade was in the bsxds of Spaniards and Mexicans. The city was sctually taken the day after we left, and the thatched houses were burned. The Tehuantepec river runs along one side of the town, and is here verv shallow. We arrived at Mauitilan on the UthDecem ber, about noon. During our last day and night'e travel, the river was broader and ot considerable depth, but very abrupt and short in iti turni and w.i.?in gl. vVSJ lound here an American, Mr. Saulrine, who took charge of the canoe, hired a guide, and put ui on the road for the river San Juan, which emptiei lixty three miles north of the liiiasa.KHatSSh the aame afternoon We. arrived at night at the Iowa Of*Jalcipan, fifteen miles, and the i eat fa] arrived at the city of Acayucan? two: t\ seven miles. Thti ii a very fine town, situated oh a rise si tin und from which an excel? lent view of the surrounding country can be ob? tained It is a place of about ?,000 inhabitant!; and iiatownot considerable manufacturing im? portance. From here we rode nearly all night, and toward morning halted at a Kancho a abort diatance from the road. We could not rouse out the natives, ao wrapped ouraelves in our blanket!, laid ounelvei on the ground under a ihed, and slept for a couple of hours as well as the fleas and the cold wind would permit. In the morning, (13th) arrived in San Juan, on the San Juan river, a town of about l.Oi'O inhabitants. The next day we hired a canoe to carry ui down the river ?o Tlaootalpan. 105 miles, where wo arrived about noon on the 17th. Thii city ii the finest we had seen iu the country. There are alio several man ufactoriea here, and a steam saw-mill. From the city of Tehauntepec to Chiuatan the country ia mountainoui, part of the land being covered with trees and thick underbruah, inter iperied with great .juantitica ol the cactus, some of v? hi h grows to the hight of fifty feet. The road, or rather trail?for it il nothing more in many placei?rum through the old bedi of moun tain stream! and over the ridges of mountains, the trail in many places being worn down in a narrow rut to the depth of two and three feet, and in other places narrow cuts are made just wide enoiiwh tor a single hone to pass at i tone?the walla of earth riaing up on each aide high above our headi. From there to Boon del Monte the country ia not 10 hilly nor to well wooded, and for milea we would ride through a moat tplendid grazing country. Many pasiee, over hiila and acroii valliei, were lo bad that none but a mule or Mexican hone could he periuaded to travel them. At Boco del Monte the forreat commencca and continue! to the river. The road ia nothing more thin a narrow lane, cut through the woodi, and the trail is nothing but a cow path. In many [daces the ground was very wet and marshy, and the whole ?iiitince the traveling ia ver> bad.? The climate on the Pacific is delightful, th- coun? try abound! with tropical fruita. The peo| le live ontortill.ii, poultry and fruita. TheOtkfleSJ tree, mahogany and other valuable woods are indige nous ; the corn yields three crops a year. field In tfanrtz. We have been favored by Prof Wm. H. Ef.f.ET, ?lato ot the department of Chemistry in the Uni? versity of South Carolina) with the following table, allowing the per centage of Gobi in any piece of California gold bearing Quartz, as do jrsatnSn1 by the specific gravity of the Uuartz. Prof. E. informs us that, though not so certain where the per centage of Gold is . vy small, yet in all cases where the Gold is abundant it may be relied on with confidence: i ii mimgt of California Gold m mixed masses of Quartz and that metal tn terms of tketr Specific Gravity Let G ?Specific Gravity of the mixed mass. 17.MsTss ? ? ? California Gold. 2.6.1= " " ? Uuartz. Then (O? 2. ?.MX 17.126 K-?-ioo = y*ho Per centage 14.4TOXG * of metal Hp Or. GUI pr. et. Sp. <?"? S a" fr. et ? p. dr. GId pr. et 2.65 0.00 3.90 J7.:?l 6.50 70 07 :.10 2.18 1.00 39. 91 6.7? 71.?6 1.78 4.30 4.10 41.81 7.00 73.51 2.r0 b.ii.J 4. JO 43.06 7.50 76 54 1. ff 8.30 4.30 45.39 8.00 71 03 2.90 10.19 4.40 47.05 t).50 81.42 2. ?5 12.03 4.50 48.63 9.00 H 47 3.00 13.CO 4.60 50.15 9.50 H5 .10 3.05 15.2? 4.70 51.60 10.00 86.95 3.10 17.17 4.80 52.99 10.50 88 44 3. 15 18.77 4.90 54.32 11.00 ev -0 1.-0 20.33 5.00 55.60 11.50 ?1 04 3.25 20.33 5.10 56.63 stf. 00 92.18 3.30 23.30 5.20 58.01 13.00 94.18 3.35 IL<H 5.30 59.15 14.00 95 91 3.40 2? 09 5.40 60.24 15.00 97.45 3.50 28.73 5.50 61.30 16.00 98.71 3.60 31.21 5.75 63.66 17.00 99. et? 3.70 33.C6 6.00 66.05 17.12 100.00 3.-0 35.eO 6.25 68.14 ( otian Meetings In the Month. Tb me Editor of The Tribune: The following extract from the Mobile Herald demonstrates that some portions of the 8outh are not to be so easily blinded as many of our poli ncisns may imagine. The cauae of the sudden attachment to the Union which haa lately raged ao violently was to every person poaseaaing the lent common icnie very apparent. It will, therefore, be gratifying to tbeie patriots to per? ceive that full credit haa been given to their seif sacrificing and disinterested movements. The writer of this communication ia, as he al waya hopes tobe, earnestly devoted to the Union, but his love tor it was never governed by the ef? fect it might have upon the state of bis finances. " It Is a fan. is rueer ss true ihst nearly. If not quin? ail the. ?[ otoo Meein??' at the NorU) have lm held ln" pUeee uJuek do eum.e or muck bueenem wttk the South Down in Maine somewhere, in the region of coasters we are they have had a meeting. We have yet had no voice from the Ulterior?from among Ooe irreal-,,r the people." " " UI E?, The Boston Medical Jouiaul statei the fob lowing very cunoua fact fa physiology i It has been observed that pereoni who have loit a limb, or part of one, are at timei very much troubled with an intolerable itching, or aometunca pam, in the fingen or toes ot the extremity which bloat A cue of this kind lately preaapted itaeli to us for advice.which, beingaliule ajsjjj of the --.mmon course, we have thought proper to give to our readen A yWSSaSJ man had hia hand ampu-.ated juit above the wrist, BSJ a. count ot having it stut? tered by the bursting ui a gun. Thii happened aometnoy rara since, and the deficiency i, ,up. plied by a wooden hand " At tiroes he Xmmt ui that he has the most in? tolerable Itf-hif g between these w.HKfen lingers in fict. iniupportatde, an.!, to use ma owu Words' be wouhi give a hundred dollars tor the chance ..f giving them a scratching At other times he has moxhpaifa where the fingen should be and he can onK obtain rebel by altertug their, poll tion. W hen tree irom H e pain or iiehmg, he can discover no di Here nee between that and tho ?ouMUne. Heran will the laajira ot the lost han.itoact and ti?j aawaa to pbsy. At limei IBM endo tu if., i .-eera are units aa ob ao<! -old; kaiMtpa'- . Be ro he leels that h ? lias not the paw r*0 ex?eid th?ni There sr. other pheno ,: ? ' ' 1 f> tbia na >? a '? . kaaM we I,av.. piaa, w,b,. ?,ry ,|i|h ,, %.Vl,UJl? Is r i t. f.Ka m*. i. - I . -. I WASHINGTON. # Tnrlfl Preaperfa llrt? hientn? -T*rlH ( ?it?,, lien* at ilrmhri. ?( the House aad Del?. untM Irom abratnl, al >niloaal Hotel last c-ralaa. Corree^udenee of the Trltvise. \V?iHiwcrc?i. lea A A self constituted delegation of gentlemen fron Northern manula. turn.? State?, including repre? sentatives ot leading influences of the Democrat*} Party, in unison with the representatives of j) Virginia Tariff Convention, cailed a nieetingof members of Congreaa from the middle and New. Km* I and State?, at thi National Hotel last ere. nit,*1, to take kaaw co< ?i.it.atn u tunic modi?cations of the Taritf. The New Knglai.i snd Pennsylvania Kepre ?t ntatives (*e<d consultations in diderent rooms. The hemp snd woolen interest also had separate caucuses, each re:* .ting progress to the others, unless all agree, of course no modifications can pass through Congress. The disposition on the psrt of the principal movers seems to I* to give Pennsylvania what she wants, avoiding modifies, tions in favor of other intereats as much as possi? ble. The following bill consisting of five, or re* ther six sections, including the repealing clause, wss, however, partially agreed u|H>n, It is of course in a crude state as yet, standing thus after many erasures and emendations, to which it is still liable: Section l provides that duties shall be assessed on all goods, wares and merchandise at their value at the time and place of their purchase abroad, Iron excepted, which shall be assessed at the average of its foreigu value tor the last ton years. 'By a calculation, tins will enhance the duty on Iron about Wl per cent ] Section I provides thst the duty on Window Glass ami I.iuaecd Oil shall be uo per cent- Iron and manufactures thereof M per cent, and Bitu niinoua Coal N per cent. Section 3 [is not peitected. V arious proposi tioi.s were made OaU ssaaaOg urtatu armies and restorii a some provisions of the Act of '4- J Dye Stulls [it is agreed] shall bo exempted from duty. Haw Silk. Wsei Hemp, Cordage and \ irus (are set down at] 10 per cent. <id valorem over the present rate. [Those interested iu Wool ask more.] Section 4th provides for the appointment of a Board of Appraisers whose duty it shall be to es tai.sn uniformity in this branch of the service, prevent frauds. Ike For which purpose they are required to visit the different p. its of entry and establish regulations. Section th provides that tbe time which goods msy remain in bonded warehouse shall be ex? tended to three years. Section nth repeals conflicting laws The repeal of the duty on D>e Sintis affords no little aid to manufacturers, since it appears by statements submitted last evening that one man? ufacturing houae alone paid duties on those arti clea to the amount ol 190,000 annually Another house paid upward of ?'.M.uoo per annum Ktlorte, however will be made to obtain some protection on manufactured articles, in place of the absurd duty upon raw cotton. It appeara by the eiatement of a ' Democratic' Member from Pennsylvania, that Mr. AiuioTT Lew kkni v. purchased in his District, in the sea? son ot '4o-T, 1*00,01 hi pounds of wool . in '48, a few hundred pounds i iu '411, not a aiigle pound. He purchases nowot South America, the wool ofthat country commanding the market to tho exclusion of Americsn farmers, under the present Tsriff. What gives this movement significance, and makes its success look probable is that it appears to emanate from certain leaders of the Opposi? tion They have an eye to Pennsylvania in is.vj. Hon. 11 j \\ m kmi is owi of tho wire pullers. The Whigs say, We are with you, gentlemen. We care not what the object, ao that, to some small extent even, the great interests of the country are relieved, American I.abor protected, and commercial disaster averted. Tbe election of I sM will take care of itself, we have stuck a pin there which cannot easily be moved. There remains the Straggle to get this Tariff bill into the House It muat proceed at every step by over riding the Speaker, as it cannot be got in under the rult s ol tint body in any regular way. since the Committee of Ways and Means refuse to report. This movement has been brewing for somo days with little prospect of any eilieieut result. I waited therctore for some more tangible demon? stration wbn h I could give with better satisfac? tion. It seems at present to promise well, aud tho only pity is. that the modifications should be so limited. (Jen FooTe, I uui'ersttui.1, will support it in the Senate Capt. W H. I. vTiMr.R of the Navy, who was cashiered for cruel conduct to his men somo years since, is again in trouble The Commandant of tbe Mediterranean Squadron is holding a Court of Inquiry with reieit nee to charges ol the same nature of those formerly preferred against him. Capt I.atimik is likely again to he deprived of bis favorite amusement, the free use of the Cati. His return to the Navy has only resulted to the disgrace of the service. VVoBTOB Vos T.viLna I.lie loan. once. To f*# Editor *j Tht IVsssass I The note of Mr. Dunham in your paper of Sat? urday, indicates that no explanation is to be ex? pected of the extraordinary discrepancy between tbe last Annual Report of the Connecticut Life Insurance Co. and the advertisement of its Ken? tucky agent. Indeed, his own statement as to the assets of the Company at this time is an ad. mission that no explanation can be given, and that the statement in tbe Louisville paper is a misrepresentation and a gross exaggeration of the resources of the Company. This fact is im? portant only so far as it affords light as to tbe matiiicr in which its concerns are managed, and the integrity or skill of its direction The basf ness of Life Insurance, when conducted with prudence and fairness, is beneficial to tbrj commu? nity, and enables persons ot small incomes to pro? vide a competency for their families in case of death | but when carried on with an entire disre? gard of the rules established by experience, it causes the moat cruel disappointment, and is pro? ductive of wide spread and irretrivable ruin to those who intrust their means to such instito t '.a The rules of Life Insurance, founded upon sta? tistical tables and taw bng experience of Eu? ropean Companies, are well understood and af? ford an infallible sstteWtssl by which a judgment can be formed as to tbe management of any com? pany, and especially as to the dividends declared. Taking for example a certain number of policies of the same age, aud the amount of tbe dividend will show whether it is managed so as to meet its etgsgemente or in a way to produce ultimate insolvency. For ii.iui.i-?, it is estimated thst if 5,'JM persons at Si y? are of age insure upon the mutual plan/Jstiinual Dividends of 40 per vent. will make them bankrupt in 30 tears, leaving 2.771 p. th lea unprovided for. With policies of differ* ent ages a similar result is inevitable, earlier of later act ordrtg to the ayes and cumber of poli? cies. Knowing this, I muat confess it was with great distrust that 1 saw the Connecticut Mitaal Life Insurance Co declaring lour dividends thst ?atex petit see could justify. During the last aVsjf years, it has decitrei one dividend of 80, t*o each of Co aad one ef & per cent 1 Be Dh tiet.es of ri7 and 1 '.it amounted ?o.$11.US The* of IBS* SB. iiztas Tht: i.i l .?0 to. ZSS.lflO -115*4* IBs il Isl < f Y< l.ruarv N.t Its assets, including its I ? : it en BastssBj amounted to. OB.** ?or b Eeservt-,1 Fued only. l' N ? ? ti.(tatai/do.g sjsjIMbW- whereas, thai 'uu should have amounted to a sum exceee* IBS it "#,0G0. Ji-se tacts caused serious doubts in mas*/ mil ? s as to the prudent iranagement of tnis C<*0> ps* s .i whs a sapesaitiltr*! t??hat ia a deliberate BBS exsKi c-ratcd mitstat? meat of its ass ts a"" rirources, suspicions of a grave character wers ? * feej, and I must add thay have mit bt.es re aui in f v the Cerdoftbs Sew York Agent. A Lit Al iNStaiA