New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, December 04, 1851, Image 3

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New-York daily tribune. [volume], December 04, 1851, Page 3, Image 3
About New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866

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New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]), 04 Dec. 1851. Chronicling America: Historic American Newspapers. Lib. of Congress. <https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn83030213/1851-12-04/ed-1/seq-3/>

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7Sii?i ? K' 1 1 v BE ? f aXKS,
I litt, iNtwO'y Mal TtXP.? N IML-T?I fs-oet
y^IktHl'i'-? tkllnjl adrim-a ?Iowa ras nit ?ij
irJSTvi m i.? - ?? ? ??? v --wr \?
Nr sriMbk K ' iXl", Biel i II? CaBT Bli ?IB *'IP
IttTH VAT i l>l< FWliFP
%r, r*> ?? ?M "K epoa in? T?i Payeis tu? irJB
Cleete.f m*?" M ??A' w??*u M?*?*>2.'
?!ew?l ?tvl dei.". tTB* ' BtUBt BtllWBftht ?BJlOW, .8*1
latj if Bei Urs ?v.-iit; ?d<!'"l
K%3m*<?J* ' ??e*af "Bf OB BBTJNDAT.TaS.
2L?VnrtBBriunilarlyn* atd hat SATVBDAY.tb? Wik,
"ifc,t??lBi*ii .v bb ?Bich TAMB urui le receive 1 nth
HeartiL" rtc vir.?- mos.v. ff? I ? riet, A M.? M
?e? U IV ' '
B*tT>'' HAB? BY HABT. rW'-v-r of Tasse.
DROuM--^ TAXES foi 185. ?lax.
tl Pt.lll-rf !.. I d tka IM IA\t ?
gJttZhl.- * ,:" nikSr ?AV *tVK
?Cr.!"'1'.-' tar-aSiar* '0 ' *l r"
atarwd.k?"awdaadceaftts i - t enoBtl . ...oea;.t.,y
?Wecko.ly S ? ? hk|aN1 , T?MBBd
Bvooklrt Kct tt. 1851. ** 1:,ru rh*S
wiBPARTMENT of REPAIRS AM)
J/VrV/'U^ '-? l-TO HUU Ill-KS -
... ?!, ?f Bseahre aa.i ?? iir i'
L?'ihn* I V pbLIu i a< i f.r BITLDIVG ?
HO! II ia ?? "TM-ST , obb the
Jar tte Hj.. ? rs * .., es
|fea BBBBBfl .i id carp, n er?' work separately. A
?Im inj B>t< i! < Wloa .1 Ihl butt i.ni r< quired, and all m
Li iie a in rofatd Ikcrtto I i
CTtriBUaaBBl ul ; ? art i< I B dduir?, N 13
?Yiktih-tt Blank Miiri.aN'i (an bi I ther?fil<a
? u _ik? C' BtmitiKn < < m, . tt,^ rif..' >f rajeel
all er aar of Hie e? latati?, il .!ee > < d rir the ?,
W, i MtoratK" BT kl ADAM.
43 I ? Hi* tatoB? r?-f B nr- and BQ]
&TREET DEPAR1 M ENT, So, i Ha?
BafHkaBfdB.?PoblK BBtio* B B< itthsfol>
Lerne retitioas batre ba*a pr?r.er. * i .n tl.? Ki.a-il 'if A
Ztw't TbKENCI YACANT LOTS ta TWENTY
till hl) elKVf I tf?rr. 7 h i<! 8th B??. I "hiv
?r.i KK.I!,4TI ON 1 Hl NDKED ANDTVVE"tY
lijrblH bl fit-k 1 . Iron H to the t
tt.td tcirif Kitt kmr Alt? tba folia
Lea? To PLAG A SPACK 1 oi !< FE KT WIDE,
iTZmOi lala TWENTY-NINTH BTRKKI . ?
IaiTeraii-t?? To BEG1 I kTE ii tl^AUK LEX
rjBCTON-AVENCE. from ? ' ? l'.? RK'i
IATK at? GRADE PIFTY-SEVENrH 8TRKKT
BiBiMto ith-av?. All partcni ioieraated liaun; oojec
BaN fjfcAaalB. bib laxjueatexl to present tba is In wrttint
Istk? utdtwiwti'il a' h.? Bcaoi i bal
3pata*abtrr aoxt ?Dsoatnbt ?. Ikil
et JOHN T DODOE, Btrt al C a bb ???
STREKT DEPARTM ENT, No. 1
MaflMlat't'l' Ttiblii a ties at bBToB* gitva 'bat
tke Ad loa lit ???'? i " ?'i : res. ij'ed IB the B?%?d
o/Alsermea T<> HFHAIR ai d FLAG the BIDE WALKS
SB*>a?t iiejeef AVF.Nt C H. hatwsan fi \, mnl 9tb-atS
Ts't'A\ F ihe INTEBSEI TIONB of AYENI K H aad
ranTEEMTH STREET. AU peraoaa iatcrast I,
Mf okisetwes ttsitto. are rtuoested to presaal them in
vnttBi tu ihr -ndtrswned ?t hit offlieonor bi
IJthclriyel Dcremtii r BBlt ?I seemlier t, IK3I.
at JOUM T. DODGE, Street I rmtmissioaar.
C^OItPORATlnN [SO I I' JE. ? Pu .
J sotire is herelir (iven that a Rasolatlaej hie t.eon
arsrested ib 'he Beard of Asaiatanl Aldsrmesi, fjr III '11,0
QtG BECEIYING BASINS and C l LVERTS al tlu
aastsrly ootasi of I h ev. ami i ;th it . to eoaasi I ?,t!i iho
pruoicilRawer in i ,ti. ?t Ali sisoBt atereetedhavittgob
ysctiaDl there'll, sre rt'ijested to present the sains in wri
ttsii itaiiBjt their ettent of in'trest,the C ntraet Clerk,
attottaflice. en < r b? fore fJ<-;. 13, Uii ?Crotoa Aqueduct
I'll .''I ? .' I ? S. ||
dtiot NICHOLAS DEAN, Preaidenl
>iEW-YORK TRIBUNE.
Report of the ComuiiMioncj of the Genera]
l.jiinl Office.
-?? ?- e
6 BBS RAI Lamp OttICK, Not. SB, IBB1.
SiK lll^lir r ITBMsTsBC (tt the |TOWIR und fir 'sp' ri
JOf ntir CO i,try, und of IBS UM] iinpled rajn 1 it % nf
e teltlemenl of the nnbli ? i Ubds, c.nitiot be desired
than is shortri bp the fact that, stn.-e the yr-.ir 16 hi,
Unit? in new State*, comment inst with Ohio and end
mg w i th i a! i loin la. eiiii.illinK 111 BUnthttt the on tri nil
Blairs, and eBlhtrtsciTI| an urea of BtOratlkBB lin-'nin
tfreri and lix iiiiiitni 1 of .. r? ??. ?. i?.'
ef the public doBaaia and admlttad into the Uaion.?
Thtte are.i i ill Tarritoriea, -it? t.-tung from
the re rthi rii I .kc- and lha M lisieaippi, to the borders
til California and Hie thores of the l'.i in-, i nve: D|
an area of eleu d Imndred aad ten mtllioni of a i ?
In thotc Siatea and Tarr/itoriei tli<*r?' now-1 eroains
an np(treKete id more than fourteen hundrel ntilUona
SB aaraeol aaeohi hand, ahoandrna la nil the Tartt.'
tiei oi mineral Breafth, an I fru tful in ail the prodtii -
tioais ef lha earth that n aiiniatei to the happ ie?s
?r rtjmforl of man.
v\ bile I hot aa ire i ttraoted to t! e Pa I l
in search of the prcciotie metals, an ever IBCIBaaing
Itreuiti of hard> >? oinanrv is rn-bi- e from hII i|tiar
lin upon the rich agrkniltuial lands of the West, aa
Ubiiibn r tin na.elT< ? at pennant :.t eitlaaaa, and en
larinir la all the pursoitt ol productiaa labor.
iBiaitination chu searcelv keep paee with the in.
?aaae of tlie Weatera country. The |ieal and n r
tile rallr\ oi the Miaatoatppt, arhich, a fan years
iiace. waa the outpost o< ciTilisation, and the hunt,
tap Iround of the aarage. has aaa heoorna ihageo
BTapaieal and ? otnmareial center ol our oceea bound
Republic, aad contains a population ol abovl eight
Buliiur.e. \ tllaajea, loa aa, ho.'. rsiyajakMi Mttaa, b its
aptuFH "I1 ;,s bj '" 'tri. . her might) ruers nie n .i |.
gsted by the laige?' and most ntimerotia steam W
nne of nnv co'iittry . iiiarriiihi'eiit can all liaie been
eonstiuctt i,< and .. gigaatie ayaaaw of railroads now
in pregraaa, aril] conuecl tins fertile aad productlva
rtyionwub tin BasterB Atlantti cities, by all the
titsoi coaaaierce and rcri[>ro.-.il intcrcotirse.
The roiiiimuni price of the public land is one dol?
lar aid twenty-Bre eenta jer acre aad while the
quurtitv eaTtredMeo intasense that itispiticc.i be
yerdlbe reach mid power ol moiio|ioly, the price is
aitheiiiinc :,int unall, that every maa of ordl.
but btdvatn Baa the abilit) to promle hmiRelf a 'li
a Bsaaaleao and so ion* a* OoTanaaaal oil i
laadtedsol aaillioai of a.-rc? iur sale, al the price
af about one day's laboi for r,.^ acre,eratr*man
able to till the ground ?tili have it in !nv ptnvcr to
heccme a freehoJ i I
The sales of the pohUc laada.shaes BBthJune,
lake, and te :mth June. lb.M. amount to l.fttB.Bt'
SBslBBaarea and the pureAwei aaoaie] to 1,370,947
BB-lCS deliars.
The siuoiirit of land sold, (liirim; the first rrq .rtcr
ef the Becal tear. rJOBatsBUCtog( July I, 18)1, was
iT.i.ito t..s in? aetee, for whieB [hera haa beea re
reived tresinnof BBI.BB1 W-IOSdtollars. The arnotlBt
of land ?cid for the eorres] Bdinn quartet ol iho
lait fiscal pear, waa 266,879 teS-liioacres, foi ?bh
the inroofiW'e'.hTo CB100 dollar* waa received. The
tain thus appear to be largely on the increase.
The strc:n.i oi eaugration, ever Bowing towanlj
the fruitful fie.'i's nbere labor meets ita rueM l*>
nard, and the m'u. 1 incuts held loeth by the COB*
enaction of the great Central K.nlroad from chica
BO to Mobile, will insure a rcadv sale f>r large
Sediat of lands hitherto unattractive. Theee causes
? ill be likely to .ttittnioiit the sales. The If icta 0 1
ihe rovite oi that toad, raeem'd to lbs 1 atted Statt t,
Bet being subject to location b> laud \sarrants, und
all Sane a brought into market ai 1 Mareh, 1831,
hSMSJBBeludea bj law from lt> bj BUCh ^sar
raate, are ?auaea whkch, alao, may expected to
iarreatc the revenue from the public domain.
The toilosting ta s comparative table show in^ 1
'Ppfopriatioin of the public lands ta SaBSS and
anlitaiv iiK'iitniiis f,ir Rerer-.l auccesafrs oalaa4at
years
Atdi'arx I.e. itloas
Salts Cl .Bsc t* Mi Wir. Act of 50. Auer'le
Yssr? Aue? Dollars A.-iis A.:es Aoraa.
IMT ?.5tl.1l3 .." 3.P* It I ? t I50.SJI Non- ?.:*?....'?
IBIS I.HT.U3.VI 1.131,115? I4SS.S6S k.i:o.51J 1
IM9 l,JtB,???l7T 1736HSJ? J.KUjre t.735,t2J77 .
ISM I.H5.A<e 70 I 118 b& it l,IST,SSS 3..l7J.j||70
BUI*.I 516.35} 10 1.333.110 53 I STT.r.is) Mtl.lfil 3.111.131 iD
? Fu?t. Soc'iud and Third ?]tiarter*. The Fourth , art r
?at bs ssliiratid in proportioa
s*se lecatioaa by auhtarj bouaty htrsd warranti
during las liscal year rotnnienclni July 1, IBM,
cavtr sa area oi S,iM,00S acsws. BBMting an ac^rc
SMaoJ Ce*U sales ami locations b\ warrant, di.irir.;
???Ipeiiod. of 4,300,847 4?>lct> acyt's, which. 11! tbc
wmimumptu.,., would amount to 83.378,059 98. T.lc
smvsJT**'*'1' exceeded the minimum price by
ft1-aM to The whole ntnns. r of laa 1 warraaM ia>
stiex. to ibe Is; BoTembcT. 1801, under C:c Me\
?""tr Laad act of I lili February. 1847, is 80,781. ,
tftw number. CO.BIB have been retuniexl to the '
??cDerel Lead Office ai located . and 01 tkeae located
"Ba watraati M,? o hari tec;: p itemed The whole
BBaiber of land warrants issued up to the BBBBB pc
gBa,vadeethi GeaeralBounty Lin.l Law ef BSth
??pleniber, Idjii, is 34.501. Of this number. I,7l*j
aa?e be,- ?atarai Ito the CrneraJ Land 0
. and of the located lrunl w arrants of Ihn
??bis, Lwo haw been patoBted.
^..yf<l n'? ?s' -uii-.: il rep r?, i'iero BS re been is.
?oed and tranrmitttHl to the-.r re-, t ,1 re dastin .i s.
??m*r,,*',i 'cver.tr five ihn- sab I letters paten! for
POABcland titlea of all di s. upturns, and the labors
Mtseaccountants ;r,i book-keepershATs bt en ?. i?
geaUy pfo.(c?t,,| 'fha ,uartcrlj-accounts of the
?eceiTcri 0f public Mone\.a::d those ol the8ur
?tyor*-t.tt-e..}, |n hodjag ? 1); lorn in and Oregon, I
.^tfkt'fi'i! to be able to state lure ali been ad
J*2**I at this i.flVe, ? . Iks StHh of Se,.te:nVr last;
z** the acctiunts of Deputy !"irve\or?, aa far as
a-u,1"1 ln
?l{?'ke exception of two suspendeJ 1 itses.
^Jessasnut , oi . ,,? ad proolaimed for market
?By *** date of n\ report, amounts to
, ij; ?'?ms. and iv, it: mated ? uanttty sea kv
s-* 'f' utaiki t darirg the coming teir. will oot be
?Mir ?n K,rtai,m?.i of acres, ssshoara by tlie t:oie?
eunrt:;;(d.
-lAMinihe ipr:n? the District Laad OfBos at De
gg^sis^was dasuaied ta Ira,aad its records all
a!a u T' II; ? pi - t' eRc? ? r
eaVeM ' \tT w,lth ,utsof ??>e un.ls vetlaaaaiaaag
aW.hlE. ia\ dl>lr^,?,? ??e du-i, >: of knsJ ad 04
??je shertly afterward resuoie,'
aal-t ?I l'rV:,10n r** k^":! bv official re
and f.yetem. tt deuct and urrert any at
frrcptt to Ivpeae upon the '?fj.ee 'ratsoVetit fi?si*?>
miiitot warrants un"?r the airncan t*.>*.itv I#hcd
aet of February II. 184"*, the w*rr?n*? in that cla*n
bamg teen held to be *>signatie. Measaiet have
?eeo adopted to ??eure .i-tmraoy iiivJ ueatud." in the
figrofaiag of all the pwfnts, and ?u&jeetinr. them to
a poper teat, fcv a CaitJu) examination cf a Board;
ar.d the htitia*ea gen?r*lly, in it* rn ilttf ir.ou? de?
tail?, if satis'ac'.orny proarreseixg.
pa'.'ift' StfBVstVe?OKt.i.cN
Within the hst I .if BOalaxy Mi BOX ah ai system
of public lend aar?*yk?*A coaaaaeaciBg m the ri b
ntlleis of 'ee Ohio an-l it? tributariet- the early
Uester of the darmf p'.rn?crs of Western eivlizv
tion?has teen r?t?tvi?<l orer the v i?t ?xr ia?e of th*
Btirseron? publii laod Sta'eaand Termcrier, BtocB
br. tigiit into p hticJ existeuc: on the Atlantic
slpe. hince the adjomniBM r.t of th? bat f'^neres?,
if* practical citermon to th" remote**, vt t?e of ei ir
Pacific border ban been ronrroewed Tncr? the in
custnou* lard suneynr 11 no* found greeted by the
adventurous expectant* of t\<\v.j\rintr < n iii/.at.iii in
O-eton. between the ( ?sende Mountains and the
coa?t stretching hi* chain alongthe fertile valleys of
the I'mpqua and the Will vnet'a.or otherw:fe labor?
ing in bit vo-at-ici;. a', times erieonipa-sud ititfe d.ffi
colties demancing indomitable em;rev to overs >me.
Amid tic fomietMe hill ranges, eiloaalia kiroata
ami irour.tti'r r which impart to the phvsical features
cf the country extraordinary gran !tur, the sum v r
is ?rirnffii in surmounting obataclei unprtvedente I
in hit profess.oral experience That which to the past
eentrr.'ir n wa? a'nidst an l'topian idea, the'ettle ?
niei.t and lurreybag of Oregon, ta now rap dlv h?
coming a prat tical butiiiets reality, under the pr >
mioas ol tri a t of '-'.lb Hetitr ii.'er. ISM, "To
create the ofti " of Surveyor-General of the l'ub;:i'
l.anos m Orecc;. and to provide for the survey and
to make Conation* te etiler* of amt sa.d public
lands."
It WBJ desirable that the xkMVC/OI OcBCJBl, who.
accompanied by a corps of experienced deputies,
promptly departed or. b t duty wri ti.' e.rh'?t
steamer that su 'ceeded the adjournment of Con
grtk*. migiit engage In hi" work immediately on his
airiv al there. To this end the facilities had all to be
furnished by this offn e Actordin*Iv. besides the
spet ial orders re*pe ting biegeneral cf<it;e>v and their
retails, instructions, forming a printed manual, for
the fi< id operations of hisd.-puties, werealsoprepir
td v. : 1 much cart, ana in all mmutenest of detail.
In the preparation ol the details it was studiously
aun?d (with tvh >t surce?s ti ne nrist <l"terminei so
to start the Pacific nreeyB a*) te profit by whtlcver
sti:g?*teii it?e f as luaeeptible of improvement in ihe
met > 11 g ' peratiODaof the past.
The act oi in?- ^"'.h Sep'ein tr, |?a aithorizod
the Department, should it dee "i e rpediettt, to came
the Oregon surrey* to be ? xecutad acoordlB| to the
priiiftplen of >\h it is called the "Geadetie \letlr 1."
1'hnt metbod, f.i us it r-outcinplate* the use of
the planetab!?, an btatnUBettl not in OSC tat0X0 had
survr>mg ?crviic, has not bees Bdeoted. Our
rci taiiM'il >r s>-teni iiiK-iv-? the ???'??-Mty of insti
lutii g ?erics ?Per rents of corner boundaries for
to is 1. ships, sectioaa and quarter Bec^ieae, ?u miles,
one mile, and a hall a mile apart, *licUier 1? pra:
IWa, dense forest* rir rugs? d lulls or riio'iu' Miis. and
to perform stich aerelce, erllieh is the rh:et end of
Ike auveyiag la we. tire ground bbobI be p"rum'm
latr'd and chain'd, .md is so done BCCOftUag to the
compass and, under < liMteetaaeea .vhere t.h? nag
netic needle 1? affected by local CB I aet ol attraction,
Iturt '-Mihir eompa s h :s of lat< year.- come into
requisition. The plane ta he were? avail ible in
an open <oi:nliy, ;ir:d where lands are e\treniely
v i uatde. in tleteriiiiiunR areas with gre.it nicety,
and in etfecting topographical BOTTeyi by ine tns of
triangiilhtioiis from B given b.t-e is, neverlheless,
reg.uded as not equally well adapted le prosecutinir
sui vet sin the denn'> of the forest, and to the spe
etel requirement*, of the existini: provisions oflaa
regulating the public land surveting service, and
particularly in view of the increased cost and delay
that would he involved in the attempt to introduce
tltS H Geodetic Motived" late otur owe aereloe, the
adontion of it Mas deemed inexpedient.
With your approl ation, however, and a* prop i^ed
in re v last BfUatta] report, it was drome I u-eful to in?
stitute on the principal btse and meridian lines of
tke public surveys in Oregon, ordered to be eetab
lished by the act referred to, a system of trianguU
tiors from the recognitted leg al stations,to nil promi?
nent objects vs itlimi theraage of the theodolite; by
mums of which the relative dixdjascea of tech ob
lects, in respect to those main linen, and alao to each
other, might he acquired,caletuhted, and prolraeli d,
with the view of roniribuliTi8 to the kn >Pledge of
the topogrnrhy of the country in adraxVCOOf the pro
greeting U11? ar surrey8, and to obtain the elements
for estimating art a> of valleys Inter I BBiog betWBBa
therpnrsof tie mountains.
In ordt ring the extension of the lines of the pub
lie lufToyi mir tl.t Territory of Oregon, it was
deeaacd eeoeaaaiy to drew the qiecihl attention of
the Surveyor tieiieral for that Territory to the third
article ol the treaty concluded on the l?tli AagUSt,
1?-1*?. between the l inti d States und (.re it llritatn.
which prOTsdei that tat the future appropriation of
lha territory south of the 46 deg. imrtli latitude,
"the poeawfeoijrtghta ofthe Hudeetvi BkyCoaipaaT,
and of all ltriti.-h rahjectawho may he already in
IkeOCCWpaliOB of land, or other property, lawfully
acquired a ilbin the naul Territorv, shall be leapeat*
Cd ajMl to Hit /..itrlli i.rti. le >\ lli. h .!?>. O.ree, tt. .1
" the farm*, land* ai d other property belonging to
the PogeVi Bouad Agrlctxltural Conipany on the
Borth ?ide of the < oluinhi.i 1'iver shall be confirmed
to the said Company,** with the itlpulation, how
tter, "that in i-a?f the aHuation oflhaoa farms and
lands should he eonai.lced t.y Uta United dtatea
to be of public and |k>htical importance, and
the I nited Slates (?overnment should kagxtify
a dtsirc t" obtain possession of the wh.deorany
l?ari thereof, the ptoperty t<> required lhall
1 a traaalerred 10 said tiovrrnment at a propor
t . nation, to ne agreed xbBxbji betweea thepafUea.*'
?As no steps had been takea by out Geteratuent, (ao
far aa the l^eneiai Land Ofllce was a 'vise '1 to .v.ul
itrtlf ol the right of purchaas rceogm/.c t in the
irraty, iind us no Bseaaurea had been proscribed by
CoBgreaa, for aacertaininjgaad detet'Oiog front the
public domain the particular lands which the treaty
roqxdiei ea to resj.fct, it deyehred upon tins ofll; c to
BaaTraar, *t Ith your sanction, the resjionsi i.lity, as a
aeeeaaary pn lituitiary maasura of ordering the Sur
ray or General to call upoai the claitnast* or their
agl ills, to present to hun the evidence of the taghl
they n ay c aim to be protected by the treatv. an 1 to
show bun the original localities and boundalieaof
he taBM Which they held at the date Of the treaty.
He was further Uiatrueted, wheuererth:- may OB
done to his satisfaction, to at old anv section:.! or
other tainutt nshdirlaioa of the lanJs oorared by
tu. h claims, iutihat he must tieceaaarily extend
the kownahip Unas over them, so as toind.. ateon
the return> of survey, their relative position and
aaaaweaaoa with the imblu' doaaatn He has alto
l 1 ?. 1 requiied to report the re-nlt of Ins pns-ei'.liiK*
in the [a a IB laei it beeeaeaa now important, and l
beg leave, therefore, to recommend that ptvrlail .
he made bv Coaujroaa for a prompt, summary, and
Aral ud iustmrnt ol the said riaim*. in order that all
within the put r iew of the treatt may te reapocted,
and the I nlted Matte protected from anv act wr.hiu
Haatipulatioaa.
The Surveyor GetYBraJ <>f tiregon 1-, by lha a t of
lb5o. constilutetl the arbiter and registrar of the
chums a Inch may be interposed by aettli rs for do
ration right.-..
This law introduces a new featuri ir the pablie
laud system aa npplicable to t?n gon. and trm |rn
ri-etomany new and dithciilt TOOetaOaa in the pro
gn ia ot its application.
In order that the Surveyor General might be
enabled to act with promptitude in deciding on
those claims, and to obviate tuilticr delay which
would attend futuii coiretpondence on these mal?
lets, this office, after full consultation with tac
late l'elt gate from the Territory, instructed Inn? on
all the potato that ooold be anticipate! and he de?
parted prov ided with all the facilities wltlun th.
poWOI of the Uepaitment to furni.-li, for executing
the diverse and complicated duties entrusted b) 11?
to Ins m.augemciit. Hit returns of the maps of the
terr eye Of UM beat and meridian lin.? hare just
been ieceivcd.
In order to develop to some exti at the geologi?
cal reiiutrcfsol Western Oregon, i?s w.i- desired by
the people of that Territory, a gentlcnnn recom
niendru by Dr. Owen. I nited States t.eolocist for
Wijoonain and Iowa, and who had been for years
in his service, aas di-patvhed by the Department,
Hurt*ad, to oin the surveting corps west ot the
t a-cat'e Mountains, with ?istructtojs to onnc-t
ris Ciscovenes, as luras practi-able, w ith the lines
ot the public survey*. The means lor this service
were found in an unexpended balance of aa ,:ppro
ptialion for kindred objects . and. limited H ough
the] he. I? is hoped that rcsulu may be oht tine.l
bketj. toaJtar.ce the interests of the growing set
Ueixteoteea that rei.iote liorder.
The act of '.'T'.h Septetiber, ifjO, prori ling for
makir^ surv is au 1 doiatior.- ofpubli- lands in
Oregon, haa r<*pectt?> two olaaaaeol settler*. It
pr..M.- 10 tin i..M cla-s of actual feillers of the pul
ue lands th.?re, who were ^uch prior to December.
1810, a dor.i tion ot the ..uantitt of a half section, or
M acres, if a single man. and. if married, the qtian
tit) of an e: tue BBCttOaY, or t in ai res?one half to the
husband, am! the other totiie wile, m .ter OtTI rigid
and to the :*cond class, aho are. or shall t-eeome
seltlert.. l>et teen 1st December, 1>50, and 1st Dr?
ei inber. IM-;:. < irrant- the quantity of ;? itrter sec
tioa, or 1#S acree mi * single man. Bad, if mamed.
the tiiiaiiiitv ot a half section, or 3.1' a- res one half
lo tht :.i..-bai.d. ..il l the oijer to tLe w:.c. in ne . :\
n-bt
The tirst ci.sss ol beneficiaries embraces w hite sei
Uers or oceu|Huits, American half-breed Indians in?
cluded, above the age of eighteen tears, who ire
citi/i ns of the l ulled Mates, residing 1:1 that Ter
ntory, and those not beim citireus, who shall have
mace their diclaratmn of intention t>> beco ne *u:h
on or before ifce 1st December. I Ml.
The keentai cias? aealawea wmte male citirens of
tke liuUd State*, above the age ot twenty o..e
tears, or persons who hive made a declaration of
intention to beceii cituens. euugra.ing to. and aet
tin g in. that Territory, betwetn the 1st Dcjeaixr,
1M0, and l?t December. l-i3 Euu?'iar.ts be omlug
niarricd within one year after arnvintr in the Ter
titory, or vith.ncce vear after beoonung lerenty
cae years of ac,e, are en'tCed the adtaat.tge- . -
. orded t<> married men. Residence on, and cultiva?
tion cf the land, for four consecutive years, are luv
esrarv to insure a yateal fr<an the r. >irn;ner.t.?
Mtaeral laade are eacluAM '? ag located uiadei
tins act
Korrmrji.ori of law ii jet ma-'e for the sale ef
piblir Ur.de nr. Oregon . itvl abould Conerees tee
prorer to Bibsed 'he . ia I ?>-'^?n over that Territory,
a. 1 to csUMish one or acre Uad oflj, c? for the pur
pete, it is lerofrnBTiifd to allow those settlers
? Inirang under the lot ?'orrsa*d, who ? ay de?ir? it,
the aite-ilege of aeqairlBf athus to their claims by
puti-hsse at any time Withm the term of four yea's
row required to obtain a donation title. Some laod
l(fe*t Oil mar ?Un be deBat'd p'nrver in r*\%f?f
eeltrraM ri, whose resteeaweai losm* le-vars thera
frcsc aataiaaag a title a ne'er the pr3Tisious of the
act, ax.J sJen e. me alieratioa in th^ pre-inon which
insst* that the portion of lead ? cruing to tue wife
?hall in all cas^s, acjom that of the hisbano.
Without farther r; c-'il ?tion of thit pronaiou. it
.slice apatthended that caaei will am* where a
married woman ?.11 be I? b -rred fro it re?eieing any
portion whatet t:
? ?1 II iPMi.
Tfi? rxiswrg provis ons of law regulstmg thf M-'
'.e>u.g operations in California are undefined, and
the practical operatio;.?. tfcaa far ordered, ar" r*>
striclod to the aaain Uneeof surrey. I recomm?:. 1
the mined ate fx'er.sion of the brad system o?er
Calif on ia. in ?nch del lila aa a e best aili"ted tot..."
peculiar concitton of the ountrv . and s\'ig~o?t. for
the <on? iteration of Congress, whe'her it wyiild ? :
be just and proper to snake provision. In a supple?
mental law, for securing to actuil settlcr?, hv pre?
empt on or otherwise, their improvements, in the
>n a dart leg?! aubdirisions that will embrace them,
la all caaet whereat tnc pa-s.,geof the act of 3d
Mar? h. IBM, foribo adjustment of California land
claims, the. wer" t- na M*U eettlers, on alled?ed
grants from tlie former Governments, alloariog. at
BMtafM t; me. to the claimants under each grants,
an equal quantity on Ota*B p lbli ? lands. Thus
measure may Lc regarded aa being an.wajou> to the
pr;nciplc recognized it the I Ith section Of the act of
Congress of the 2?th of .May. ISM,aortas adjadBca
tioij of claims by the courts, wln. h act wa? renvr 1,
and extended to several States, by t ic act of Con
gri'S of the 17th of June, 1-|;
A prelimin-ry and most i-nportant ste" i the ex?
tension of our l<nd - fstem over Calt'orni... .s to se?
cure the final adjtiftrni nt. and afterward the sep?
aration from the pahta landa, of all testa Me land
rlaimi derived from the former sovereign.'.?< of tint
country
To tiiiser^, < aa gran paaaad the not, appfored id
March. 1831. or titled " An A t to aaaertain ind iet>
tlatheprivate bmdc aima in California." Pursuant
to that a. t, tnrec Commissioners hare bSBB app >m*
cd, as you an aware, by the Pres. .eat. who ha
orderod that tbe first seflaioa of the B.iarl shall be
held at San Francisco, in l alifomi:. on the bth De
cemler, 1891. lri-tructions, winch have received
your aanetloa, hare been prepared, drawing the at
teiition of the Board to the material aabjeata con?
templated bt the law. and ftvtai roefa ret, '-'aces
aa, u i- believed, would aid sad fhrilitaki their
operations. As it .3 understood that no Spaaieh of
Meilcaa plotaof aorreyan extant, for laads in
Caltforaia, ao aetoal aarrey, s? far as is knoarn to
tins aShee, kaviag an r i ten raade during the sover?
eignly over the country of either Spahl Of Mesico,
it befaate important to ricvise aoaii meaaorea wiiere
by the Hoard of Comtniasionersanil the ( ourts ?votild
wo taiitilod to laoaitaln wllh jaei lakai. the parti. ,
lar parcels of lanJ claimed, and such as were the
subject of conflicting titles.
Tins object could only be properly c 1? '.cd by re?
quiring laltiatory surveys to be made . and thn B.? ird
of Conimisaioners hare been directed to laqabTB
claimants, in all canee, to Ikt a duly aatheaticatod
plot of survey, exhibiting the tra.-t 0 aimed and
show in? the nature and extent of interference.
? nth BUT fey I arc require! to be executed at the ex?
pense of the pwttea,alee ia a ?. ordum ? with the
orders of the Board, aad under the super,rttendeace
of the I nited States Surveyor <iener.il for that
statt . by whom the rarreya,and any interference
which may exist, are required to be examined and
catlike i. The Surrey or Oaaeral has, also, been ia
Itrncted to coi pcrate with the Commissioners. In
this patticular, and the result of the measure can?
not fail to be of signal advantageaot oalytotadi
vidual claimants, but to the public at large. Tnc
etlect ttill be to remove, at an early period,all
doubt as to the partP ular parcels of land claimed,
by making their lot ationa, in tin- outset, ipaciic
and certain . aherebyfctToiding oondiel hcrea'ter. and |
cintiarrassiiieiit to claimants and the mater ml nil- 1
?an tage to the public in tar eat will be th it. instead of I
holding the putiln dorn on ifl wapartae, first in the
?arraya,and then in thediapoaaiof tbem.monier
to rretei.t collision of title hi future locations, the '
iitiblic lands will be, at once, and Bl idBli Utalljf IB
leaaed from emba^raaament in this particitlar at if
Ike claini? had gone through the proi-i'^es of adju?
dication by the Board, and anally by the . aurf
The archit os oi the former iroi ernnn tits of Cali?
fornia have been delivered ov> r to the BttlvajfW 6? n
malof the United Statea, aad tint ofltea has sanc?
tioned ? proposition ftoiu that ohVcr to BBBplaj I
competent pi raoa to arrange,) laaatfran I index tkem,
m us to render tin- archifBI arailable in thp exami?
nation of t.tii s. it h i- ai?o beaa directed, puree tat
to the Sum-tor General's suirgestt-in. that, for their
securilv. th.d the archives iBall bfl k< pt in tin boxes
or Irtaxas.paoperlj lakaUad,aumhaiad, Ac.
According to in?truc*;ons. the Surv eyor Genera]
kas datenatned ti.e point of Intelewi Ihm of a iiise
and meridian line, on tue rummit of Maate Diaban,
mi e!<*vmi*?.i. sssssl to aa a,aee lossa. iv.>... tests, ssssaa?.
toiy i oitit of operatkxaa in- waa actively engaged
in extending the meridian to the inrth and lOUth
of it, and ettahllahing the base. These, it is ex
peeled, will be completed before the beginning of
the wet season, dttltag which the snrveyiiu? o;>cra
tions will, inevitably, he retarded. The axtenaioa
ol the standartl parn lcls will follow. The foregoing
opeihticiis will regulate the projection of the town
anipsurreva throaghoal tke central portiOBof the
Stale, under further appropriations by law, and
It r whn ti crtiinatcs arc' herewrti .? .. fed. To
regulate the inrveyaof taa lands dmceHi by the
Colorado, und those on the sontli<rii coast of the
Itate .ii i thcr bate ikaa and meridian have urenpre
p. red by the Stir.eyor General, with tin ir l.iter-et
BOB at i.os Angr lei. aad tail baa been appjrtrved by
the Department. For taa northern surveys, it is
ntobabie, a aeparata haaa aad meridian aw also be
round Indispensable. From these s >(rai mam
lim I the bOWl 'hip Mirve>s wiil be projected, to em?
brace the agricultural portions of the Biate. The
preliSBamnes, Cms arranged, wiil admit of thesnnul
taneoui operations of any amount of torce. war
raittu by Ii ture operations, for the rapid progress
sadcomplstioaef the surveys, in tin* ooaaassitni,
I brg leave to refer to the accompanying U tter bom
the surveyor Geaeral, dated Mth Sitptember last.
lie therein alludes to peculiar dinVultics attBBdiag
the BxeCUUoa of the public surveys, uukno An ;n the
Basti rn Slate.-, by reason if the extreme roughr c?s
of the COUntty beyond the plains, where tt ,s broken
up by steep hills and mountains, the dtvoaOBOf the
ytai into tke wet and dry season--, win'of water,
ami freojucaM abaaasea of timber sattaafa Sse comer
boundaries all tending to iacreaas the labor, and
add to the costof tlie work. Ilil rat larks as resoc. ts
the lUTVey Of the atiaeral lands are arranged un?
der that head and 1 invite attention to his sugge?.
ttons as to the propriety of departing from the s-iu.irc
sjsiemof surve)lug, in respect tu lha agn ultur.il
lands situated upon BBVlgaNB a aters. and perhaps
upon many of the smaller streunt, and that they
slioulU belaid out into suitable lots, wurrcin the
essential adv. mares of wood and Water would i.e
equally di-tribuied.
Tilt BIMBRAI iv BBS,
In regard t.. Ike mineral laads In Califoraia, I mi?
hi n to the view s expr. -sed in my 1 i-t aaan ii report,
as to the ir.(K.'e proper to he purst.? 1 ir. tiic evcnttul
disimsal of them.
'The full developtaesitshowever, t'ie-r chars*
ter. and c'eteriiuiuition ol their extent, tu order to
iheir due separation tromtbesgrieulturallaads, -.vita
the visa to their lin.il disposal, h^ve. so far. proved
a source oi ao little enitarra-sinnit. Beyond all
that, time auu ciretuxistancea, labos a:.d cspftal,
have, tht.s far, developed,everytaing xei rcma.es to
II done in the way of rigid o!.?. rration and elabor?
ate exjaliment before the irrival of the period w hen
the BUBCral lands can be accurately dis-rnninated,
anduaderstsadmglydatacfaed from the great boiv
(t the public land, so as to admit o' applying to them
say specific provisions of laa to n guUte tueir sur?
vey Bad stil^equei.t oisrvisal I ;> to the present
time co satisfactory estimate has been formed of the
Inas atd expei.dituie of Bsoney re , dsSM for accooa
pl shing those ends. In consideration of all the ex?
isting uncertainty attenilLr.j tee tumeral land . I
sus'St st that Congress defer Uthn.te action ?n regard
to laSBB, hut sullerthe public sur.ejs meanwhile to
progress regularly, even ut the h iz.ird af atterkstipg
with the miner:; 1 "bearing regiors to some unavoida?
ble I xteut, but that the surreyori shall excludethsia
h-f.ir .. . ii.d where la;* , .x:.;.ut Ite done, to
reqalrs them to note all Salaera] indications
coming withia the range of their observation, so as
tc admit of t xhibiUiu the same on the official plates
of surrey, au which may serve to guide such scien?
tific Sapfanatroas on such localities as mav herea'ter
be ordertu. By this procedure it is thought tke rub
i;c surveys ?;ia) pro^rcis without any esuential in
tenuption 'rs ni Uie BtlnSra] lands, and at the -ame
t me exclude the great b dics of thmi and. while
the surveys *re advam irg. souie course o: proceed
io| n.ay ba matured for determining the mineral
laiie'a. their rnsoHn raaTiQlBr.iBiiBpai Ihn T^Btkrt
ex'itiil. -o M IB din t ol their entire sep*rauon from
the agncultura!.
Tbi BajiB) or General al C alifonua. n his comma
all SlkSB of OTh BsTptaaakSl last, remarks is fol'ows
l euer Bay plan wha h Bury be decided upon in ref
BTCnOO Mi the mineral region, it is believed that the
surveys should be so regu ated that we wl.'l not only
acquire an accurate knowlet'eeof the extent and
cotirsea of the several stre isbb flowing ttirougb it. but
also th it ttc v should act a> gorcnung lines for any
B?BBtedivaaaas of theseti,.f such sho ild ba here?
after deemed adi liable by the (.'ovemment 'or any
peri ose. and. in the mean while, serve s_* guide lines
for rccolitine pmate interest* ander t-ie exuttui?
svstem of woranl those Btacaa.
Such portions of the mmeral regions a? b itc baOB,
cr shall be, oVlinitely determined, might be act apart
atn -ep.irate niuier'-.! district-'. Bad ?urrcye?i and ;
t.cattd seyaratelT Tsc plan of operation! might be
estsbl.sh?d by law, waaVstke aetioa under it would
prcgresa with the mineral dis. "venes.
rt BLir a vp pbivvtf. s' Kvr . s
After hanng detached the prr.ate land claims from
the public Until, and deducted the aggregate of
grants Of publi' landi for all purposes, under exist
ui? lawi. these, s.lhthei Oinpar..tively Urge aaiou.it
uf ncrthless lsxds superadiied, may be expecte?!
greatly to dlrnlniih the amoant o'I'c agrkaltnral
laics in f.alifoma. z**v*r'e for market There
fere to Hep. im praciicah e r>? r-v wbueh to ac?
complish the entire turret of ihr omairy, and at the
??iTe tirte to ite'ewir.-fy the public Ireaaery for the
outlay of cost* sno mao-gem? nt of i!K,?tiTvey<-. and
of the ?? judieation of tho private land Hams, won't!
be highly de-nable. Tr^se uie.'ul tbdi, it issub
c.itud, mit at all be ac.o j-pi.tbed by a n.iipJe en?
tern? m b. r ?(r?<?*? retiring that the entire yield
*>' gold in t a^fti-rahaahniiedha aaeeeyed. (or-aiased.) '
prior tc ex;, rtjti^n. hi I pr rUing atriaa'at penti- I
???aaga.niierasiuBi of t:,. law ?jso prodding for
Itbe deduction of in adequate p?r centage. to be <le- '
vote-d to irr pAj'ant pa: lie objects, and among them
to that of ?urreyiLj the BOWie land a. and nrirate !
land . lair. ? through, ut the St?re. under .ft* of ar>
poprunon by t oi gre**, until the wuole work sha.1
be ao cmplatbed.
Th? rtntifi of the Surveyor* General of Oregon
and t aJi'oia a are eon,--lieati 1. and highly r**pon
aavd pot ta rce-.i.-'for talenta which, en the
Atlant, ? nie, tvt i coinmanc aa aeleuuat* remuaer
ation.
Tne exorbitant yri e?- of all the necessaries of .
lue. rent*, and ant) -? o: lihor. where they are lo?
cated, are >.ich a- rWM # r their Ml trie* notoriously
mm r.piatc to the maintenance of the.r fuiniiie*.
TM annnal cntnperaationof the former i* **.M3
and of tke 1 tt. r. f i SOO I respectfully re- ommend
that their sjlar:c- | ,? rrjn dixao, and ma !e to lOrrOO
coed, aa to intrtn*, alue, to that of offl -ers of si.ni
iar Pr?rie en the AlUaAie,
ATUNTH M'tVR) >.
nt detailf of the 1,,. rs. a* to the field and office !
cutie? in the ?everai surrcying district-, -met my
laat annual report. 1 refer to tr.?- anaoaananying re?
port- of the sjriri .r- Genera!. wh.eh ai?o p--e?ent
their estimates formtfocal yearendingmuh June,
IBO*
IV Mil KU AN.
The evtiiiia'r? submiti. d are intended to eoverthe
expcn-eol all tne remaining lansurvevadlanda of
tllat State .
Dum g the peel year, the special ob e t lias been
toeifeet the completion a,. 1 cloning nnol the sur?
rey? m the Ipoer Peninsula, a.id. w .trt tue aid of
theapprepnationanoa a-kod for the work, it is be ?
lieve'. . luay be completed during BeotesBf aa ison.
The reeti ying ot the defective and fraud talent aar- j
veys heretofore reported to Cetxgreea, uid for which
the ne fssary appropriation! bare already been
made, together with the bui let of the isla?; !? m
Sagiriaw Bay, Lake* BxUtX*. an i Mlc'tigm, will be ,
the concluding work in that diathet, nrtortothe
closing r?i the Surveyor Generali etnoo. arM h,
shortly thereafter, ma] beexpeett I, under the octet)
pith June, I NO, in- correction ot the dcfc-tue
surveys alluded to, i> a work dt-igncd to be per- j
formed w ith all the t re. anon necessary to peoteol
the interests of purxhaaara uitersp-rse d 'throuihout '
them, and to tease the l.ncs U ' COrnOTI av.tdable
wherever found. To that end specific inetrtstKie
have been given.whi h will insure a strictteceoent* 1
atiliiy for the cflectQa] exectuion of that let*sue. 1
lu ooaneetion wtth the reaurreying yet to be com- j
pitted, and particularly t!:..T portion of it situate in
the vicinity of Grand Trareree Bay. the Surveyor
General invites attention to the importance of open- I
iiig aiu eoi structing a ro:d by the Government :
" lrom .Muskegon se ttjenaanl on the Muskeg on river, !
aloni; the line between rnngei e.e?en and twelve j
we*t. a distance of about ninety miles to Grind
Traverse Buy." The country through ?lu. h this |
road would p iss is reprtsr Hted to be well watered,
with stone in abundance, ?od generals) rich, and
eliniate deitghtftal.
The Rerreyor General iiiggeeta the necessity and
policy of the r?ttt hl lib men t of a new band oaace at
Grand Traverse Bay. or in that to uuty, to arcom
mod ate the northern portion ol the lower Peninsula.
The proposed new district may involve the i.e. ea?
sily of modifying the exi-ting boundaries of the id
joining distncta on the east of it.
IN W|s,.,\s|\, [0WA| mil MlttNBaOTA.
The aifalaatie that the Surveyor General ha I
taken posfession oi his otRce was recened here on
26th April last. The several instructions to htm j
for commencing surveying operations, in readiness *
and awaiting that evi leu e, were dispatched Bl
scon a* they could he re. oroed immediately after
receipt of it.
The report pre-ented by the Surveyor (Jeneral I
exhibits the progress of the survey- in that di?un
and imparts much useful inforrnatiop, confirmatory
of previous account! respeitiiig the character and 1
cap..' dltles of the coillltrt
In Wisconstii, m the Men m nee cession, and in
other portions of the stnte. the aurreyaof large
boties of land wiil have b*en completed before the
close of tin Benson.re.ii y market tor next fear, and
from the showing made as to the .-et t lerne, its, number
of inhabitants, and sa.v-m.lls found in those legi MB.
I icre it evert rea-.u! to I,, ttera the new lamls will i
coiiiinand ready sale.
In Minnesota the high floods of the season ren- )
dered the condition of the country extremely uu|iro
pitions for surveying operasaona?to noch so that
the sut vry ors weie eotnpeUad to abandon their work
until the waters had sub-:.lei, and some of them to 1
relit .push it altogether. Theae eataaai Save not only i
diiappointed the sanguai.- expectationa of the Sut
ve>or General n to what would ; e eihcted in tint i
TaiTiti ry tee past 'eason, but are mid to have ocea
Siontdhtavv pecuniary losses to his deputies In
m i to tne ptne-bearMin r wart on, n?- ulstas ttiKt,
" so far as a>! ert.iined, the best pine localities h ive
not yet been reached by even the lumbermen . yet
many BlillttttM ftf feet ..re annually a' -Ir .ctt d, and
the lands thereby rendered i omp iratively valueless,
and that unless they are tin tight Into market, depre
datiots w ill continue, and in all proo.ibility wil. be
eommitled bv a class of men having the means to
operste on a larger scale." The decided opinion of
tins i Dice to the same p r i>.rt I. - heen heretofore I
eapre -. i d . and la order to bring bm m of Iba pt?ttaci- |
jia) pme bearing localities into nxarkat, adrancc mt
reya were ordered as far bock a* ^;t>. It ta hoped
that early approprtetsoni by Cotigreaa DaayetkiM
the Departmeni to eiint eooalntsoua iiirreyt, em
bracin i the entire hunbi ring legten ? ol do ?iitry, and ;
hivi tlirm nrnrlalmed foi aala a- soon ...? pravtica
ble
In low a. accenting to rnttiiactseeM, tha Surrey ot
Ger i ial contracted for ?;;r. e> iag the t iwnslni line*
(a. wii. appear from the 80 timpanying map,) of all
that pi rtion of the Stall between the hue dividing
ranges ;:? and 35. on the east, and the Missouri Itiver
on the west, and between the- base Hi a and tirat c b>
rertion parallel westoi the line dividing ranges M
and in to tiie Missouri lliver. '1'lus gener il region
ofco'.ntry extend- some 130 miles from the southern
bom 'art of Iowa, and is hou.n'ed on the west by
the .Missouri Uiver above and telow COUBCll Blufl*.
uttd j - watei ed by DUtoeroua atreama, atxktMtg which
are l ittle Sioux, Mapie Cn ah, Sold.er Uiv> r. Dover
Biver, Mofqueto and Kegg f reeks, and suudr>
oilers, whole names are not given.
Those ??treains. as reported by the S.irrryor Oeta*
rral. krume .?<* swoll.-ii as to imp"-, r.t.st... lea al?
most laseparable to the itxrrerors, not wit bat and Bag
which, two-thirds of the work have been rOBBpteti !,
aiitl as soon as the ? aier- aatsasaTsB, the residue, partly
dt ne. will he fintehed.
Thai oflieer further rejKirts, that "lietween tb*
ba-e and iirst correction mtt, and west ot the line
dividing r.tuces 31 and 35, one hundred and one |
township- and fractional township* have been placed
under contract for subdivision, lu this portion of |
the State, the soil is un.-urpasred m the w orld for
rn hi.t.?s and fertility , and the only drawback is the I
deficienc) of timber. Manv of the aa towiishlpa are '
settled to some extent, and the sf ttlernenta are rap- '
idiy tnereasing. The district aiijoiniiu the Missouri ;
River ;? aiuio?t entirely claJathSd by actual sef-l'ts.
and in some localitie- lhe.?o ciai.ns are valued at
from $10(10 to I3.n o. l iiere are several respe. ta
ble totvr.s aad villages in the above-named tract, .
amoi g which are Trader's Point. CeOMvifte, Indian
Tonn, Kauesville and CalterrlUe. A number of
saw and gn?t mills are In operation, and in the sin- !
gle toanaliip ?f Tt\ range II, there it a population ot
at lt.ist l.ooo souie. The country bear? every evi?
dence of indiisUy ai>d prospen'v. and has. In many
plaits, the appearance ol a tetullj settled for
years."
it is understoi-.!. in reference to the section of
Country weetoftha Mmsissipp*. in Iuvsaand Miane
tota, that the recent treat lee of e*x**4 m. not yet rati
r.ed, with ceitait bands of the Dakota or Sioux In
dians. together with the treaties heretofore made
with the Chippewaji, comprthetd the residue of the
ItnJs previously held by tne Indians m the northern
pait of lowa,eoiitiguous to the northern boundary of
that state. And ii rther. that the said treaties era
t n-ce these lands in Vinxeso'a. extending as far
DOfth as the Grow \Vugand Leal Rivers of the
l pper hlisalsatppl, and P:.iki or Buffa'o River,
(rapt)Bag Into the '? Hed River &f tti-' Northt" which
ilowt'ato Lake Winaipag, and aa far west a? the
v. est bank of said Red River, and also to that of the
Ei$ Sioui Rirer. which empties ir.to the Missouri.
Tl (s. i e esions include a body of land, extending oa
theMkUseflppi River, from the north bounlary of
v.i. as lar north a- Fort Games.near the mouth of
v River, en.hrai-ins the important ne ghbor
h ? f I. ,ke Pe:.iu. I'i rt Suellitg, and the Fa i- -<f
H IlilhlBiy,lippeallekl which are extensire tcttle
B its and "progressing surveys, il-timates for sur
ryfnf these laud* are not? howerer, submitted, the
- - ? wrh the Dakota? not having been rat.fied
IN Lot I-I t\ t
Tl c icport of the Surreyor <;e: era! <howa that
i force of Ins office has been astively engaged in i
i e weak r.c. etsarv t.. the final approval of large '
bodies of public aid private surveys, also in pre- j
i t; g the necessary returns for the several Dutnet
Lai d OrT.ces.Iand for th:? office, flreat attention is
i toakjownbehera been paid to the duty of sele< t.
U c the sw amp lands accrutng to thai State.
In referecce to the lacds bj the Mai-on Houge.
aj.d the Daron dt Bastrop grants, ui which final ad?
judications have been made in favor of the I'mted ,
Stales, tte n.sir>.ct i.t.s ce. t-sary to the execution
c. -'.e actsof;:th January and 3d of March last, ;
ri?7*ctively, relating to thote grants, hare been j
issued.
The act of U March, ISM, allows settlers m the
I t Bastrc; gr.tnt ? , t.on r.ght, they being
he.i jf keepers and actuailj rcsidtr.gthereon "at the
? the eaten si on of the public surveys over the
>i;if," ntth ft.'i: I'vjor to cjinplete proof and pay- !
wtthir. or e year fron that date The Surveyor
? , rral an latatl i . . t. ni will expire in *ome
i ? aamhe will be enabled l ex .mine the tur
'.. . , when complited. ,ind make the legal returns j
t t e riitrictLand Office. Toobviatetteeup*J<ieesl
d. . btluie- in c.u-somir.^.agtb* settlen' ca.ms, the
?ction cf this Bales, in its * <x s, ?.na-iple heret bra
minimi in eases sr-asoaoas, will te toaitnf. >f
proof ?r.f p .TmeU for su ?n e am.? wtABha oaa year
after tie pint of HUVay shall S.??e ort a hied in tie
laadcfR' e.
in sThBABWw?.
Taa Siirvajor Co..oral ol th.? Slate .a engage ' .a
the k ghix ? ;s rt .:t iluty of remedying Belec ti ?
lurveys ii. h..-<J'?Lr.ti, w,:ere tj ?? i. c-riveuccn v
literatcl ?ad the crr.it bottndjruu dcstreycl ?1
nme, ac.Vfi t. or other'-4u-r??. Bis force is actively
ear'uye>| ir. mdispeasahis Jui ? *. preiinuna'V to the
elo-mg of the iui.ce, -isd Uaus^r iug it< asakivei to
the Blare, unter'.be act of IBtB June. IBB) A par*,
of tfce-e duties is that of iwaaaatrBCMBB a large
number of towa'htp peata for tkedistrict landodl ao,
to ?uppiy ice place ed Ike ssigtnata, arkack Bare
teen Cefa ed a.;d mutilated bv io,.g use. To a.*
eorarlish tLat servioe, tt is re i k I t:i.'. i!ie furt i? r
arpror ru::.>i.s ealkfd fW hi Ihf ?TTtnaTfl should be
Ban
r. iJeVOBIB*.
?The re(,ir: < l fie Barreyei Gt at x.\. of IkM Stats
mil eTh:>*it the progress aad pteesai i osatBaaa of his
t!..u, (. and. with his separate report on the subject
of seititing "sw-mp leads,'' will < vp.aia h'* es- ,
ti mates.
BOI M'aks IBB BIS? B1 i IN' PA I M BTBTB,
Bmce the publication i>f the late decision of the ,
S.ipri i .e l ouH ol the I ..tied >t i v* ? . t.ie ?.civil in
que-tien betsseen the (Bates ol Mi-.-ourt and Iowa, I
instruction* have been ctven to fat IBBpaiIlia ?BT
reyors General for those Stara- to e isc oid con .< cl
theln.es ? f tin'public surveys w ith tu it bound try
en both sides of it. The werk ailibo a ?.eoiuplishel
at the earliest practicableperio 1.
The surveying of tue merult.in.il boundary line ,
between Wisconsin and Minnesota, si provided for '
by the act of 30th September. l*j'". aw aits further ap?
propriation bv .av
The survey of ihe ?. i.age !ot> at the Bant Hi
Mane, in tl; higan, ndet ihc provisions of the ad
of the 2-"th Septemker, i*5o, wilt becorapte>ted as so ?
a? practicable, after the rights of the parttas inter?
ested shall have been exanunel by the 1 uid oiR -er?, 1
under authority of that act, and the instructions boat
tin- oftVe.
The surveying of Iks bOBB lary 1 r 'etween Iowa
and Minnesota, on the parallel'o? Ii dee. BB mm.,
north latitude, andar tke auihoi nv ot the Ant of 3d
March. 1849, it aas dl signed, in the iir-t InSSajaM, M
une'ertake. during the past seaooa. sutsequontiy, u
was concluded to postpone it \iiiiii i'tvr tke tern .ma
tier, of the late treaty with tue I attktas iu that B) ??
lion of country, and. in eoaasqueaceot the unusually
rainy sesson, theaostaaaoBaaat ts bettered to have
resulted beneficially to th* wark. \ port .on of the
country over whi -h the line n 11 pass b represses
cd tobe loa and aret, lateriperaed w.th like- aad
mar-' i -
The past aahMBMBBS that . >:?? un ert un boun
d.ir> lilies between States, leisOBS sectional dii?eul- I
lira are likely to arise. Timely precaution WlUeb- I
s uite ruck im-cbief, aad paranoia psnaaaeat public
goo'*. I; is. ihi re for i. reoomn ended thai tue p ural?
te I be determined by the SSOSl e tat I methods kao SB
to modern science. That boon bin w.ii be Bands ihc
ba'e from which to project the public lurroTI to the
in rth of it, and on watch so close thoseoa it - south
aud may hereafter beoxtendel to t! e east,SS the 1
governing lines for the ??,*? Pour of surreys to be
hereafter projected in th it direction. With ill these ,
encs in view, the establMhnxent ol the parallel of j
latitude in ih? mode proposed, although aaaanaiv*,
is suggested as the true public economy VTitk
your approbation, BMdaasgaed to soaaaoaoB the !
work .it the earliest suitable period in the coming |
spring I
riioi c-KP s( K.-TITCTB BOB vn.n.i>n i n StfBVBT? |
oKs <.i \ i Rai '.- OPPH BB.
fn connection with the general subject of public i
surveys, I havetoiaTita sUeatiaato some matters j
of grest moment to the aatghberaoods interested, |
w here it is found that lime, ao hfl Bl sndotlBM Caai N
hsTe impaired or obliterated tue earl.er surveys
Decay ol timber. Bras in the woods aad pi aim -, ami
mischiefs from trespassers,an found not uafraquent
ly lo have obliterated traces of the lines, ..nJ de?
stroyed or remove,! comer boundaries in so.ne sec?
tions of country, SO .is lo pri vent Ida ntiBOatioB BVBB
by the field-notes, or otln rwise than by a re--urecy.
made to start from ren. itaaokaoa ledged corner-, and
thrrrl > c-tatiltshuig M w line- to tili up th* interval
so exi-tmg. Aithough.uiioiiir the earlier asm at i there
I? found si'ine of the most rdBCiOl I vvrk, >ei it i- be?
lieved that man; of them were latpei Bsttlr execok I,
ar.<l the corn rs too frc.uentlv omitted tobe kseatiBad
with living tr?cs. iBcalculable n U aiel has resulted
to the surveys in sections of count rv vs he re the Indians
were permitted to romata during las progress of sur
veying, from the weil known propsasitl ot that im1)
pie tofo'low in the wake of the public surveyors,
and destroy the marks m nie :ii the wo >d? by the white
man. It is proper it should l>e understood, that prior
to the r> organization of this office, in IBtB, each Sur?
veyor Gen? ml. aa respects Um details ol siecuthviu
of Ihe field-work, was, in the eye of the la <v, an in
dependent officer, receiving, through Ike IBABUBIB of
this office, general instiu lion- boat the head ol the
di partment for surreytag bmlies of country, but Hii
plyirgthe priBClplsB prescrthod by UM surveying
laws accorumc. to the dictate- ? 1 1 ow n Midgnienl
anil it was not antiltke change in its ergaatR law,
which teak pbtcs in 1838, thai this offtce waa aat>
powered by 1 iw to exercise sii; erv ision ov er the dc
tdil? ot ne d cpetatioiis. Prior to trui period tlie
ag?i"-y of the iifT'. e, In rritnr.l Itt sucti details could
be advisory only, and IhM with the ektef aim to in?
sure sy st? m ami uniformity in tue official return of
the several Surveyors' districts but to that end, it
became neeessary also to descend to matters of de?
tail in Hie field work, and of it- elaborate i !l >rU
tow ant the BxcotaplMomeBt of syateas, umforunty,
ai d precision in both, so far aa it oenld aaemlae
control, the records testify.
From whatever cause or .iOBsbifl Itron of can es
arising, defects in some old SBIlOys exiM, Wkieh
sen e to prevent portions oi public Mad from being
sold, because they cannot bow be identifier Bison
has recently beea rr preaeatad to be the ease m ref?
erence to some of the earlier surra) - in the iiailbstn
section of Alabama, by indivktosll who BBVOaS
pressed their inteiitio.i to n.e;,.?ri ilue Cotigress oa
thi matter. The cut)* ui ih.il vtate were reported
lo this office as com:'''id years ago aadtasokaCe
of Surveyor (ieneral of Alabama, aad also that foe
.Mississippi, under las act of I'JIh of June. I BBS, h ivc
been atiol.shed, and tlnir archives tamed overto the
Bt.ite authorlt''?.', SS the law directs. I have also to
observe,that the jurisdietienof the former sun..isw
Gobi rabhsp, whi< h smbracad the frtates of Ohio, In?
diana and Mi iilg in. has CSBBSd to ret OfOI UM
-urvt ys in Ohio and Indians, und the an hivei of tlie
public surveys in those f*o Mate-, h ue al-o been
transferred to the Btate autaorties, paaBBBBl t? the
directions ol the act.
The aloli-hment of Ik pee Barveyefs' otli.es has
impoaad no totall iaspedrmenl toward sflscting re
surveys,for rectifying the e.iis coainlaincd 01. 1
propose, therefore, in order to remedv the ile'ects
in the Alabama, >sr ai.y other surveys, within tbe
St tesaherc those efAees are abOtianed. that this
office be mvi steal with the -nine pow.-rand auttiorit>
ever the whole su'ije. t of BBrvetS as the late Bur
veyors (ieneral exer.-i-ed and while so order.ag, .t
would also be necessary to cause to be nrori led by
law ar. In-pector of Surveys m the state, to is
i ertain and report on the nature and extent of IBS
i elects existing, and estimate the coat of their c >r
rectaOB, bifore any remedy could be undrrsUiidingly
attempted. As work of tlui natuie nuid ran Iv, if
ever, 1^ effected by a per mileage oompeasation,
some new provision of law would be neeesoarv ad
Hitting ol its being paid lor by aper diern al'ow
acce, together with stich other provisions and re
sin. Tioii-. as may be ceerned re.piisite.
rue MM BBBBIIOBUIS
The expediency or extending the public laadrBBI
vexing system over tin- organized Territories of
New-Mexico and I tali, seems to demand BOfJeO,
aad may be expected to receive early attention
bra CoBgrsaa sad Um sstshUshmsat nf a Tsrri
tonal Boveinaaeat fr>r the Plate Uiver or Nebraska
country, wee' of Ihe Miseo .ri River, an 1 > t*i a
the State of Iowa and the < .stern -purs of the
. Mr,to;.tains, would have to prn ede the ex?
tension of our surveying system over aru> bodies of
< ran. try that maybe acquired from the Indians bt
? Bl region.
UBOLOOICAl V.t FOB TS,
A reioiulitnof the Senate a.i- passe.', at ita last
?eision, " 1 Lai the forthcoming repoit of Dr David
Dab flwen. I Pited States Geolotrist, on the geol?
ogy Of Iowa and Wisconsin, and also the forthcorn
.ng report of Messrs. Foster and Whitney. Uattod
states Geologists, in relation to the iron region af
Lake Superior, in Michigan, be ordered to be
prided,together with the amps, diagrams, iksteaea
ol leaaery and l?u-tration-, w?ach wiil at company
the same, respectively aud that the work bB exe
cu'eddunr g iiierecesi of CoagfBSS, trader taa spe
eial direction of the f.'ommi-sio..er if the (General
I aid Office, in time to be pre-ented to ('oii^res: .t
an early day of the ensuing -ession.' Tke o.niuion
|l IkW rasohsttaa ta make an appropnat'or. forth j?e
w orks.orlo mdicate the extent of the required p ib
ilinil. iilinossd senous nnpt -iiruents *o their pub
I cat on by this office. Of tke two lepoffM named,
trat' r M -\u ?'? m.'v w,- n ??? . ?'. ir. season for
the piess ;n a'dvan'*e of tne meet:: g of Conirreaa
and nither th .n incur delay, it '.va? deemed proper
to suffer that report to take the ngtiUr course of
Senate documents, under the tu tton of theSeere
tar) "f ">f Senate, thu office exercising direction
-.' r t* e details incident to publica'ion to the extent
leceasuy, and as was ttoargaed by the resolution.
T? at werk will, therefore, be n rswdfaaws foi- eanv
? ? '.v, ry. The verv elatx.ratc repo? of Dr. Owen,
however, could not be permitted -o take a stmiUr
.. ..te. t vves. t re ?.-.'.-d . '...?" ? r ? '* '
;?e. and more P*<??^> ?L^^
fere, was pottpor,* d
( , a-ressinthemauer.
glll.KOtf KKOVti iimoi ro -?0B!f.fc
l i e>r the act app'trved >eptember Bt, 184*, entt
1-d"" An act granting the right ol w-.y. an- rnakng
a rrast of iand to the States of liUno*-. Mivu-'ippi.
Ltd llBBBBis in aad of the construction of a railroad
f.om fhicago to Mobile,' all tbe Laads in those
ma's withm fifiesa nub s on eai-h side of the s ip
r??ed rc iteofthe road, ihe lateral limit- within
w I n li the .'aw resWtet- seie. tioas to be made,) were
,. lately, on the passage of the act. withdrawn
from s?.? <<r entry for a limited period, which lias
fimr rt; i --an?* Uer. extcuie?! to the f rrt of fsara
ary tri? h : Ut St te of U ? it.... I to fje tust ot
Ft bruary i i Ibr tke State ei pf^. u order
to ailord Ii:r. r i-.? ooii [? t( i. ot Litt localMNB ?f
tie route, end to* tttteot?oae Baader tetegpaath At
tAc Ifctrtt m . iet ?, it h to utet <f.. jci ihal Ute route
ol lite ro.d in I.i* -ttl no beee entirely and de
fiat.ly i'e- . !ih;-< ?.. a ..xt?nt. bat that
the ttoik tu progressing. 411: *.xilj toon be Anally
determinei ?jJu ti ?? '<?.?.uite? toutjbt
<>t this 01.. ? In Alabama and
I Miwitttppi, 11 t eodaieeaod thattee iwaka wee t\>
ttvrmre- on ?.!i ?*,. v.:. ? '..-! t'.e sel.-e;.oas
tesce lor the man by ibe agents appointed tor that
object byfoM- ?ti- ? rr- , ? .1. *n I lists of the
same Op.-nted antk the dar r . . m I ?rtSoert. On
receipt a: thi* ohace, lr. m :??? n neper authorities, of
the appropriate uc?pa .1 j ,(> ,, dalj Vlthent:.ated.
th* propei Heps ?111 be taken lot the Anal adiudtca
taonef ;h> grantor, the pttn ip-e. heretofore adopted
m ?imii'ar reeee, and afterward for restoring to
market the lau!? wit': IWhael .- ut inclai.Ted for
the purpose- of the road.
BW tnr itxn*.
Tbr execution ot the law grtnttug the terarnp and
oversowed Und?, unit lor et I rath a, u> the Stakte
reipeotively, 1.? occupy?1 ?reit attention So far
as those I IB da he nitkia tic o 'struts over tehteb the
Surveyors General exercise umso;, tioa, I bee leave
to refer to tbetr reports in re-,' ?"l to the a tto.. thus
f.ir. In muner.v itneta ee it :? found difficult ac
corately to detect, from the p 0:? and deld notes of
tumv.ihr precise lands assignable to the Slate
under the grant an.; 1! ? . .-i to peritxltea;
overdo* so aste preien; their c duration, where
the same \w re -.rve.cdin the .irv season, cannot
be asaigm . a spec hi exam.nations in the
tie id . in- ..i 'I, et;euM' of m.tk'itg tnch exam
iiia'.u c? i- ??t ' r'.'i ot e r >,-? of some of the
Surveyors Gener .1. 1;: it: ??c M..'e? wherein the
off.ee ol Survive; Cn . . ?11 auolished, the
?:utr ot 10.*.%,. . t ie ? .. ? ?? ; >;ts was. fnun
nicesaity.dcTO.Ti Bteedistl K kted officers, who
have, to a considerable extent, reported the selec?
tions which ha>e BOB made. \\ neuerer the selec
lien- in any one la- d district shall be coopleted and
closed, and the Ists final > approved,aedaWAhaJMe,
it 1* designed to 1 - tee tea patent re.paired by the act .
and any Fand? , rent us y -eld or otherwise ditp >*ast
of, prior to the d . e ot approval of the litte, will be
rejected or ex< iuded, in accordance with the viewa
re. tntly expressed by Ik and vshi. h hue
rt> tued the sanctioned the Dag uiuiont
-' it I anutcTtoee
The l-u-.. . 1*ol clotting Of Ute selections to w u. ,
i ceitain States an 1 io.it.? 1 for Bltefnal improvements.
under the act of Kk iBptBBBBor, IUI, an I by other
I special enactuienta, 1- lOgieaalag aa actively as it
con.?i*u nt a it 1 thi Bunaere 1 delallt of duo whflah
press upoa the atteniban ol the office. I beg leave
again to adrort to oortetn land auitt, de. 1.led against
the L'mti .1 Statt?. ander the n -\ 17th June. INI, but
which ha. heen diamii led By lee Supieme t'oart for
non-conlorinilt to Is*, in taking the appeal, and in
which the deer* ? of IbjOCOUil below it claunert br
the pax tu s to be abeohlle . and to renew the sugges
tioi?, heretofore ntade, tint the aabjeet shall receive
the .on- Ji 1I1011 <: ( aagOBBB, so tint, if deemed
proper, there mu) he an expression of the legiala
live anil for the . ..1 araataeM ol thi- axatoe, in new ol
applh aiions thai in i) hare been re'erred for patents
for clatms ol this elaaa 1 depot it proper, also, to
draw attention to the f ict, thai 1 aeee occur in which,
1.1 the sorrei a,.! 1 icatioa ol the old krants, it is as
cerlamedthat ta es.u aalaotkaee. 1 nor muate, have
been made, ami to rr mat mail that authority af law
beconlerted lor the ompronrte ami adjtistineni of
lucheaa a. taring Ute cimBraaeeaof aoaii ead
grants, when willing, to take other lands, a od eott
! rum k the junior grantee in taOOf ti'let
The ten 1. es 'nnanded of the District Land Oft
cera In the i<>. ation of mllitar) land warrants, under
the act ol Kith Septeaaher, IN*', equal, if not exceed,
in each case, tboee coetiected w un setting a tract of
land. It is earnestly recomnaandad that a reason
able allowance be aulhorixetl ny law for such ape
del duties, an. thai rack illo*aiice bo Bkaaka axwlte
m rrici ? w in ti Uu land officers in Plorada may ren
di 1 iiithe location ol the tu? laa lo M Mtaoaegrant
in State, ti tat cettain judici d decrees of condriua
in n
In regard to this partteulai lae, I 1 .uncersatst
Augustine ri j'ti tint that the lahiir attendant upon
maalng locationa under and by virtue of said 1 laim.
and for which they teceive uo eo tipentation, is, at
least, (en tunes as ntnoh as Is re jiured to make a
. -ii enin And lhay auggeattheracaaaaaaeBatvlaaxe
of " an allowance of the taaaa coaaaaiaaaBi lo the
i ii.d otacera in KloriJa, for makiug lo ations under,
and by virtue of. the said Arsednudo claim, aa they
are entitled to on cash >alea *
Phi aotol me idol Mai eh, iSltt, derelree eatlhe
Department ol War the defy of aelllag abandoned
miutarr ?11? S, Including bodies ol land once ratervad
for military purposea. To preeerre unity in the
system of telling public lauds, it is recommended
that auch dut) Ii regard to abandoned reservations
Idraollitary and naval, or other public uses, be de
rolred, by law, on the Ueneral l.md Office, under
notable reatrictioi -
Of the lands ordered tobe sold for theorneat of
. it, lawtr ? of Indiana, la the aaaMoa BMria
1 1 the in at) oi 1- 1 the 1 irgei porteeaj of which
lieein Mhtahiippl, ana the leatdtta in Ala^aata, Aa
.na!1 id) has been told Ueleea 1 iHiirrew ahould
roneltide to treat with the hinaus, giving them a
aonatderati a foi the unnolt portion, Lt laroaoaa
aiaadad tasat tkst Oaey of ??Hiiik tea residue tie d?
v.M.e.l Upi ii the I SBd OflbOe of the ad o di
triet, thereb) taring to the Indians the salaries and
axpensei ol the si parate aal m now existing.
i'he ad of nd August. ISM, |>rovidiug " for the ad
justriieiii oi all suspended preempttoa l led 1' urns,"
.v 0 . confers on the Secretary ol trttt Treasury, (now
Interior,) the AttOtBa v ?.. n. r.d, and the I omni:
iiiu.ei ol the general 1. md Offl ie,a< onjolnt author?
ity to detornunei on princialeeol eipnty and nu
lice, ii whel casaa,ef thi anxNaalous character ai
Iuded to nv the a< I patents ought to l>e ntued. That
ai t proved big hi) taiutaiy m it 1 aperatlae . but as it
has expired, all i .1? BU0M ItMH a-, s of similar char
ai ter ha. e sin. e .. cumulated, I suggest the propriety
of rexyiralol the act.
Some uo Ilde 00 in the provisions of the pre*
eioption law of th< 1 iBV , Bsber, IS4I, teems ta be
required* 1 renew the rorumieearlBliee matte m
u. y an lanual Keport, that la addition to the paee
.it in it. e pn iciibod by law to bit hied within a car
taei pt r 0 ? after set lement, settlers be reipured to
make oath ol 1 ieir intention to enter within the pe?
riod limited by t is law, and to prove tn*t they neva
la |ooi ailh ? 1 a the setttemeai and improrenteut
e. nil u.pl.it. d n> il I would al-o reeoamead thai
when a settler,bj reaaoe of tlekaeaa or other ui
Brnuty. ma) i ? ? . appear at the Land Office
to take the affidavits t.t lore me Register or Receiver
al the time ol ai try, aa now prescribed ny law, thai
oponaatiafactory erklence to that eitert being fur
niebed to Uteae odlceiB, they be itatasorhasd la r>er
mit the eutrv, atabject to the future . anftrmatiou of
the ( ouiini.-sioner of the General Land Office, Upon
his b?ini< furiiislied w ith an arlittav it of lhei lallo.ini
ol UM teuor ot th it now prescribed, taken before a
J isti e of the p. ace, or oiiiur oBaoer authorised to
admhtiaaai oath-, and showing that the facti required
to he's worn to, exi-ted at the dale when the entry
w..? allowed
The BOOeee to the tun ng region of Lake Superior
is at pn sen! dilh. nit ami expensive. The waters of
that lake alt flow through the St Mary's Riser, and
around the lallt ?Saut Sie. Mane) there is a portage
of about a mile, across which provisions, copper ore.
Ac , have to t>e transported . and vessels destined
for iiavig..t ng that lake, already Mull, hare also to
be transported acroea that portage, at great coat,
there being no timber lit for ship huilding found near
the lake. vV'ere a ahin canal cut across the portage a
freth impulse would Lo given to the miaiag opera
tii.ai as to copper, and it ? represented thai the iron
ore of that region pfoeilBBB to be erpially attractive,
'rtha ii.ee and punty 1 deem it a duty
to mute attention to the subject, wuh the sugges?
tion that should < ongress tee fit to grant to the nute
. f M.chigan a ?maiitity of land to a. 1 la eimslruet
ing such a canal, the mining interests would be pro?
moted by it. and the sales of public lands in laa up?
per 1 euinsula of Michigan niu? h tie increased.
The duties of this office are intricate and laborious
Public and pftrate surve)s,claims and sales, Indian
n terrea and locationa. are int.mately connected,
alike 111 legislation and in muiiatc-rial a tton and it
i* often diffi. ult to determine where one branch of
ot.ty terminatts and another begins. Concert and
harmony of proceeding, throughout all the branches,
are. thi refore, inee-santly demanded.
Beaidcs the Important duties devolving on the
principal clerLs '? of ptiolic lands," " private iarvd
claims, and M ?tineys." the labors of the office are
distributed among accountants and book-keepers,
with tberr asaistetxts . engrossers of patents for pur
ha id Ian la, ttadet the supervision of the tle^ortler .
and engroistrs of military baun'y land patents.
Into ? lr 1 t and " isles books," uuinencally ar?
ranged, in advance, for tuch purpose, according to
a, toWatahlp, se. lion and minor legal tobdivie
,1 sales of every tract ot Bt?MBOM
by tne 1,own aei t are entered and Ikese, withthe
t- ot r.t>, eonsiitute the practical and ode :li e
checks oe all the operations of the District I-and Of
", a |gt . - ana books are also indicated ail loca
Ount arid reaertadlOM for military. Indian, light
boa as and othet purposes ami these volume*, thus
jir i jre... form so many indices to ail the publ.e land
titles of the country.
Some icea may be formed of the extent of our of?
ficial operation*, when it is considered that tke ar
ekteres of UM '.-neral land Office consist of 7,31.3
folio a anus, not lIllBBIBB that about I.til "-t
patents of diffcrixt kinds, a'l duly reeordad, hare
1:.: and lb't. preliminary to the prepara
tioti of thete patents, the examination of about
|2 j 15 tvo lit!e papers were necessary, ail ft whi? b
an on our files.
.No showing of thil Xind.howerer, can imctft an
at'e .uate conception of the complexity and muh>
farioutnes? of dutiea and details connected with this
tranch of public tervtce, where the field of oper
to enlarged, cuextenaire, aa it
, oe. is. witii the . ountry between the greet lakea,
U * lanti . ind the w estarn > oast of theeon'.inent
l he statitt.c.i and other document, annexed to
1 Repa rl r '< .rated in the following sehedale.
., ingB I fioni A to 0, incloetre
W : pa rem t. your obedient aerranr,
J B i its, HLVj ommiaetoiier.
11 I! Sr. a?t, Secretary of the Intentir
r<7 ( 1: v .'tu ? u. ?. ,'j ? f
LA Mi \ . i r. I r.l ena

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New-York daily tribune. [volume], December 04, 1851, Page 3, Image 3
About New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866