New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, June 01, 1878, Image 3

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New-York tribune. [volume], June 01, 1878, Page 3, Image 3
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New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]), 01 June 1878. Chronicling America: Historic American Newspapers. Lib. of Congress. <https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn83030214/1878-06-01/ed-1/seq-3/>

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TIIE AIM OF SOCIALISM.
a P1PEB BI TBE BEY. JOHN tt OEBTEB.
IMIdllTINCK OF IHE BOCIAI. QfBsTIO.N - BOW
BOCIAUaB l*BB8BBTfl |TB_Xf-_JBa_rnOBi OF
m ai,iiii:kni>-hik statk. ei" hie 1 lnu_
PBOKBTT, Hrl.M.K'N. MABaUAOB.
y0 the Kdifr of The Ir.bnne.
<*;iH" \t ? liicctinS <?f th?' l'>'"lyt,rs ,,f t!,e
Kcfoimc'l Chowli ia Ameriea, held tlns mora
i?.. the ib v. .1..Im H. Oertei wad ? wer on
?? ^iiialisiii," whicb WBi BO iav..ral.ly iccciv.d
thal it waa ??reaohred that Mr. Oerter be w
neated to preaanl bia paper to The Tmbi-ki
foi m-bUeatioa, that tho brgeBl cirt-nlation
may lu- KiTCB to it." V,,y 1,-ily votirs.
Wm. B. Mebbitt, BetTetary.
Bew-Yorh, May 2ft 18W
TIIE PAPER
|M| all .Iuoali..n.-.?-l.i.l.?i preaent OCcnpy the
.ttenti.m i.f -B-aan aocietr. tbe SocUl qaeatioa ?
,1I1(Io?l.te?llv the moal argeal aml Importoat. It
haa fi'i'ii'l its vviiy nut ..nl.x in'" tbe rery laal " beer
K.i.'i.n." i.ut even rn-1.' t'"' thronea of tbe powera
tluit i"'. Tha reaaoa fer thia ia found in ilt<> fact,
wbieheanuol beigaored, tii.it aiaee tli" origia of
tbe preaent *fegnlationaf aociety. noqaeetionoteneh
atnpeadoaa aad worid-wida importaaci baa evcr
beea iiiaile thai.i'lci' ?f tba day. For tbia more.
meiit doea n"t. percbaacf, contemplate a partial b1
tcratiim of f.ir-iiai!ini''iiii|>i"veiiii"it"f whal exiata,
1 ut ratbei the iBtTodactkmefaa eatin iy new ordei
luul forinaiit'ii of tlu- ii-iuniiii-. political aad rell
gioaarelationaof the preaeat. Soeialiaia aiiaa at a
complete ieeonetroction of aociety oa tbe raiaa "f
tbeohL For thia reaaoa a Biaywell pay aome at.
tention t" tlu* iiiteiule.l radical re-olntioo. Bat ia
doiog ao it ia ?'t' tl"' ataaoat iarportaaeethat we
bliuiilil liave nclear nmlciXiii'iliiii,' of the apecific
aitu and deaignof thia trenie_donanio~enieal before
we ii't.iui't t" criticiae its bnporf nml beanag ui">:i
t-xi-tiiiK relationa. With yoar peruiieaion, I wdl,
tberefore, try to aheteh ia a few aiarhed oollinea
the intint .iml pnrpoae "f tha preaent Borialiam.
Aml ln :?' X"tt xx ill alluxv tne to call yoiir utli niinii?
Jirtt, t" Ihe as-iTli-'ii*. aml, 9tt*J*t*% to the '1< iniiinla
whicb, on the baaia uf theaa Bsaertioaa, Socialiata
pnt tu aociety.
Su.ialian preaeatBitaell toaa intboaa organiza.
tiuns wbieh are hnowa bytbe aame ol "tsocial*
DeaaocratB,' " Boeialiatic-Labor Party," "r ns far ii?
they liaxi- beconie iaternational, by tbe aame of tbe
" loternatioaal Lab n Aaer* iation." Jn the follow
iog pagea refi renec ia bad r-xclneiTely t" tbiflforai
of S".ii.liMii. Nn'.'.' in exaininingtheu offlcial pro
grammea, tbe cxplanatioua girea by theii m ad
jiuiniiiriit oriainatora aad leadera, aad the n p< ated
atateaaenta "t their daily papera and tranaienl pub
lieationa,we flndtbat thetnlkrweraof thiaacheBie
btuveit' the aboliabmantof allevila, economieand
iHilitic, l'.v overthrowing and rcmoving altogether
the preaenl regnlationa <.i thc eommunity. The
Socialiata, th^ic-f.>ro, preti nd t" aotii e al preaent a
.f Doiafortaaea and exils wbicb cbeck and
deatroythe weifare of the people j and they Bsaerl
that all theae deatractire aad raiaoas conditiona
are bat tbeiiitvit.ii.Ii- coaaeqaeneeflof tbepreaenl
tiietl.nl of Indnetry aad political arranRcnieuts.
13ut wc hare toentor aaore into di tail*.
TIIE BTBT1 M "F PBOIlCCnOB,
In the doaalaioa of labor, trade aad eommerce,
freecompetitionawaya Itaaceptre; thal ia, eachia
divitliialeajeyfl thenghtand privilege toprodace,
bay and >o!l aa mneb aa be oleaees. Hia liberty in
tbk reapeei is oab ebaehed by tlie aame liberty "f
thoae aronnd him, Bat now the Socialiat
n.**iiis that in the eoarse "f time tbia
rery i-y-t.iu "f free eompetitioa baa en
ablcil one aml aaotbei t" leara tbe race
coaraewitb greater advantagea than the r.*t. A
wiae aadpradent i mbinatioa of circnmatancea,
which mi tbe t'.'-l'l "f prodncl ion i!in*t bc taken into
eonaideration, aad in addition to tim whal in c"in
tiiuii life is ealled lu. 1c. left thc c:;<' at tbe ? od nf
the y.ar in the poaaeat*ioB of a greater proflt than
Ihe real "1 tbe competitors. Tbe foraw r, tberefore,
Bttho beginningof another yeareoald entertbe
ercialarena with atill greater adrantagea, aa
hebada greatercapitalal hia command. Inthla
p .-,-,;,.. parl "i Bociety ha* eaatinaallj riaen iathe
aealeof anancialaadprodactiTe abilityand nkill,
while thegreateal portion baaaaak down intopov
erty, miaery and aeed.
Ihe Bral effeel "f t!ii> aaeqaal di relopmenl is Ibe
gradaal diminntioa andflnal aupplautingof thal
auddlecbua, wbicb ia fonnei daya occupiedthe
poaitioaof iiiainif.il tm' ru< xvi 11 aaof laboreraad
conanmer, bat which bow ia compc-lled to jointne
laiil.* <-t daily laborera again, tbere bj intri
fctill Boore the aumber of working-hauda offered,
andcaablingtbecapitaliat to redn e wagea totbe
luw. >t ataadard. Beaid * thia, tbe invi ntion nml m
tri'itni ti"ii "f BBBBeroaa uia< binea. l>x xx hii b mannal
labor iemade aaperlluooB, i lentially inereaae tbe
adrantage of capital
A Beeood eoBBeqaenee oi Ihia onc-aided ayatem of
juikIii. ti'.n. accordiai to Rocialiatic ai prtiona,la Ibe
fad tbal laboi ia aol paid at cordiag to ita intrinwc
valne, 1'iit "iiiy iu proportion to ita benig odercd
and iiii, amii'l. Bocialiata call tbia tha crnel, iron
laxv nf wagea. Foi iaatanee, a worhman ia em
ployed t.-n h.iiiis a day. Doriag tbat time beac
eompliahea a work which aeearea to tbe employcr,
after tbe dedoctioa < l rnnaini ezpenai -. a nel (t"in
of a.".. of thia aniu tbe laborer receivea only f.t,
an?l tbe n>t flowa into tbe pockel oi tbe capiUliat
ln thi* caae the workman receivea in fact, aotba
Soci;ili*t xxill i.ll ii.?,"iily three-fiftha "f the vulue "1
laboi furniahed. xxhi:.- tlu- otber twn fiftba are
elaimed by bbiamployerwitbonthavinggiTen any
eqniraleBt By way "f thi* Brrangemcnt human
labor haa beeoaie aa artiele of raerchandiae, whoae
ralae will alwaya be eatimated ia proportion
to tlu. anaoaat offared "r demanded. Aad
imt even that. For Laawlle will tell aa:
" il,.- arerage wagea alwaya remaio rwlnced
lo tbe Bcccnaan lirelihood, aa aceonling
to cii-t'.iii. ii mav i.e reqaiaitc for tbe prolnnging of
asiatenee aad for propagation. Thia is tbe polnt
aronnd whicb tbe aetaal bire will alwaya graTitate,
withoiit cver rialng foi a longertima above thi*.
point, or faHiiiu' le l"\v it." (Arbeiter Prograiame.]
In short, tbe preaeiil ayatamof indaatry M iaet iy
wayeaka'.atedtofleeea the workiog claaa, aad t"
deprireitof ita rerr aiarrow. The eonaaqoeacea
of tl.is aapreaaed eoadition are laating norcrty,
n.iMiv, aml a hoal "f othei aoeial aml political evila,
oatof wbiehgrowa eoatinnoua commotionof the
eoeaaiaaity, an npriaiag "t the maaa "l diaiaherited
paaperaagaiaat tba t-xx millionaireB, atrikea, loek
oni ? iii abort, a i-'" ial a ai 'of Ihe aiaaaea againal tbe
powerand Inflaeace "f capital ia the baadaof a
l.w. l h ?-. are aboal t!"- rougfa ootlinea "i tbe ple
tare, aa the Boeialisl baa aketehed it, of the pn aeni
conditiona ol thiaga. Time, howerer. doea aol per
mit nu- tu iiiliiine iln) Beeeaaary proof irom Sm ial
i*tie pnblicationa
a--inn u I'lir.' II'UM Of *?"< lAUBM.
Noxv in oppoaitioo to thi^ preaamed anhappy
atataofaflalra, Bocialiamplaeea Itaelfoo tbefoon*
(Iation of the loUowiag BBBIiltCal jitim ii'l's ' hfefl
ns mh h, a- flaeaahan al aaa aad t ha aame tamily, are
rgil.'ll. llenre they mil-.t he l>eiiinlteil to ohta.n the
lame poaitloa a* ragardaaeoaoaale, aoclal and iioht
ical Htamlins. Thia eqaality, tln-n, Deeeaaarily de
iiianila that all shotil'l aol only !?? able toeojoy, bal
that they actu.'iMy ihonld enjoy, the h,-,n?. liberty iii
the dillereiit re!ati"ii* of lile. Ihi* BBblinM aml no
ble etid will he reaclitil hy tho convii.tiuii, eoBimoa
to all men, tliut all ure biethien. Eqaality, lih
erty and fiHU-nnty are, theiefore, tho fnodameotal
maxiuiH nml BBBtaoeefl which thc Boelaliata empha
lize. and ou th" Kiound of whitii thry helieveit ia
fully ju~tilied topreaent thc tollowhlg claiins aml de
manda. Aceonling to the ahove rapreaeatatioo,
private capital in the linnde of a bw uiij.iincij.led
meu is lh<- very rause of tiio dia|ianty uml glartag
contraata iu thc aoeial conditioiia af life. Jleme tho
Socialiatdeinatidij, ahove evervtlung elac, that all
prirate propcrty aa an iiibtrumcnt of |uo
duotion bhould bo aholiahcd aml bo tfaaaferred
to the conimuuity. Iu tho year lhtiH
tbo Congresa of tho liiternatioiifil LabOf
party. in ita Bcotioii in Iiruasela, laaued tho declnru
tioa tbat " coal iniuea, ____*? in general, boiI, CBBBB*.
bighwaya, tolcgrapb-inatitutea, machitiery. ete., bo
long to aociety, i. c? to tho luhoiera, aml tluit auch
Divirtrty moat be employcd aud uscd for their __?
terest." It (the OoBBteaal stnrteil from tlie anpnos.
tion that all these tliinpf., if prlvate ptoperty, afford
to tlie owner tlie BOWOT " to keej. all t|?. other liicin
liersof aoeiety In eeoaomie and potitieal depend*
enee." In the year 1800 tbe aame Congreaa, in Ita
?eaaloB In Baale, aeeerted: (1) "The commnnity
aoaaeiaeatherighttoabolUbali individnal pmperty
renl, nnd to tranafonn the aame ini i property eonr*
tii""- ''-' li la ia tbe intereat of the uommonwealth
that sueli a tranaformation ahonld 1 ?)..? plaee." The
Labor party ol the LTnited ritatea In tbeir Congreae
of I'liiun. in Philadelphia in 1870, iBsoed tbe foi low
ing: "Whereaa, polltieal liberty witboul eeononiM
eqnality is onlj au empty phraae, tberefore tbe
party agitatea for tbe preaenl uuh in tbe domain ol
ecuoomy (eeonomica), and demandathal ;i!l Inatru
.nta of liil.ur i-oil, maebinery, bigbwaya, .t.-.i
-liunld in- made tbe property m~ soeiety,
in order to pnl into tbe plaee of meree
l.iir.v labor, the production i<i ibe commnnity,
witb a juat diatribulii.!' theproceeda of labor."
The fiinl un "iiii demand of Hocialiam, tberefore, is
tbe aboliahing of nli prlvate property ;i* far n* ii i*
nn inatrnmenl Of production, for the pnrpoae ..l
makingit capital of aoclety. The individnal i* ln
deed permitted to poaaeaa aeparate property a* re
garda tho meana ol lifeand artielea of comforl and
enlertainment, Imi be eannol own capital lhal
wonld enable bun to prodnceor mannfaotnre foi
bia uwii intereat. II >nc ? t!i" char n?, bo often made,
that 8ocia1iam intended to divide tha eziating
I property into equal parta among the people, i~ an er
I roueona one and witboul proof, The rigbl lo Bnch ?
; iiii'iMn iitiiiiuii of private rapitallheSocialial de
' nvee from tlu naaertion tha! Mich n cbange wuuld
I be for Abe intereat of mankind, and in tliis caae the
individnal bad to auborlinate hia own interestato
| tiiut ui the euiiiiii rawealtb. Beaidea Bocialiem con
sidcra n!l private property in ita preaenl form aa
ilu-ft : tli.it i* to eay, it aaaerta thal ia eonai quence
of tbe above deaenbad metbotl of indnatry.
tbe employer al Ihe ontael takea away from
tlie lawfu] aud in-t retnrna <>f the labor
of tbe ein|.l..V". and tlm* Bppropriatea t<> bimaell
a property which doea nol belong to him, bul in
la. t to tlu- laborer. For thia very reaaon the Bocial
iat doea not beaitate a momenl t<> demand tbe - id
tranaformation of capital, aa tbereby the indit idnal
would obtain biaown again. Thia radieal cbanee one
part of the Socialiata, eapecially the followera ..t
I..i*iille. czpeel to be brongbl abont by way "t en>
lightening tbe ininda of the people and by way of
legialation; wbile the apparition >.f revolntion ii
hanuting the beada ol Ibe chief agitntor, Marz, and
hia followera. In lii* cloaiug reniarke al theaeaaion
of tbe Iiii.-iiiiit :.?:, il Labor Aasocialion in 1872, ho
ii*..I, f..r example, tbe following language: "We
mnal acknowledge thal ln moal of tbe countriea of
tbe Continent, force musl be !!;>? l.v. r by wbich our
revolntion is t.? be bronghl ab mt. We ? ball bave t"
nppeal at laat to force, in order lo eatabliah the
Bovereignty of btbor, Therovolulion mnal ba
ut.'.iy, im I we ti-ul a grand example in tbi Coni
inuin- of I'.-iri-*. which fell b . ? iTnigbty ri
tionary movement, ?i^iinli'.tr in c mnection wilhtbii
powerfnl npriaing of the Prolotariani in Paria, did
not break oul al the aame Iiin ? io .ill tbe priucipal
cities?in Berlin, Madrid, elc."
The Becood demand of tli" 8 ..ialiata ia, private ? n
terpriaebeingont ofthe qneation, that all labor, Irade
and commerc ? ihould be conducted and n gulati-d
by tbe commnnity, and flnall.v by the stut". And
a* tbia new organization of ludustry will aoon
apread over tbe cntin glolie, there will be no moi
cla-ibing of contending intt-rcata >.f thi rf
countriea, but a glorioua nuion of all nationa foi
common welfare will be the laat bul nof tbe I. ul
il 8 -in. And t'.i-n T Well, Ihen
tbe long-boped f.<r mi leuinm ol unbouudeil pro ,"? i
ity and bappineaa will bo uabered in. Now.on Ibe
baaii ol tl ? foregoing principal demand,
the boi i ilista fnrther < I iiin: l) An < mi il
rendering of work and nn equal
f..r snch labor. In tbe Bocialistic
./. ii i.v - t,i ibe commonw ralth a i
nnmber of boura of work. 2) I'hc workman inual
bave tbe full return for bia labor, becatuc n
bul btbor n- tually i nden -I < reati - tbe valiu ol nn
inin le, the Bocialial will ti 'I ua. Ilence the i
tion of tl.e Intei national Labor Asaociation, in ll
fi ar 1808: "Evei Iuuudi .1 ob di mo.
pnnciplefl denonncea -all previoua laking bb y
ofthe proflte by capital,-* it in the form of renta,
intereata, gam,or in nny other form ..i ;, ?
Labor iiui-t obtain ii- full rigbl and remnn. i
, An equal r I , ition foi ill uu mlx r- of the J1
Tbe following n i t. n< ? ? fron nioof thi
S"- i.-i'i-tie Labor 1'. tli uf Gerinanj will eonl
thia: " The - i i il I. ib n I'arl | d< inaw -
veraal aud equal edacalion of the people bj Ibe
State j rtiuipulaory educution and freeetl
;i!l the iuati niioui..; lenrnii .;. '
THE Bl VII OF llll. I ' 1 i Ul .
For bia Sl ite <>l Ibe future tbe t
Diniidiunivrn.nl, eqnal and din ti e for p.-r
Bona .-ii.uv.- t -.-.' ul) yi rn* of agi: dirci i li gu l ilioti '..
the people; de< iaion of war aud p ice i... ihe p
oldigatory defen e of tbe couutiy bj Ita. pi >ji
*t.-i..l nf atandiug ui inii -, ? t<.
for Il.i.. noi .1 orgiin in <?< 'ii'.iiu. -
polltieal State ol Ihe people, >??> i.li -:n Btrin
a fn-ii/v.-su iliit notbiug ehorl of tbe realia il
itaprojerta will aatiafy it. Nay, .i?- iban tbat,
S ei.ilist* fi el i all 0.1 lipOB I" iil t ii k ? \> IV ..tli"l Sllu
nf gnvernnient, 1"- it ronstittitional monai !.?? oi
republie. il uce tbecbnrge loofteu raim-d
ilm followei 't thia -i li-i:'-.'?.' bi ua . tu niu - ol
ilun uwii cu.iiiti -, and giiBrrnmeiit, ia onl) too well
foiinded, Wli. n (ieniiany aome y< un ago b .^
ilia-.Mi iuto iiml l"l....il.\ roufl ?! '.ui!. le i l..it. r. ii
emi a .".* tbe l.l.ine. giivenimeiit waa rompelled
tukej.ii vigilaut eye on the H.uial llemoei la
tlu ii movemeiil - al boine, n -t tbey iboul.l canae in
t.-ru.i 1 diatnrbancea, wbile il." gallanl anuy naa
achieving glorioua victoriefl abroad. Tliean u uji
|i. i"-l1li ill t. mlll <"'i> Ill III "1.1 IIIII lllf"--l* it* If III le. "I.t
Sii.-liill-tie iml'lii i.tl'Ui* II. llil - ' "ill.tl.V. * Hi Ui" 1'illi
nf Mai'li. 1?78, foi eiample, //" Vrr-l'or* Volkt
Ztilungcommented wltb greal aatiafaetion and .n>
proval iiii'.n the following it< m from tbe columuaof
'lli iiiim \ uil.. Ztitmg:
N" i iii, n um ii -1> wboeutlreli aaree wltb ua aa fai
a* i;.ii..|" ..ii contlltlona <?! affairi i.oneerncd, bul
v.-ho, as aoun ai tbe L'uite.1 htulea are ln queation, are
atrlek.-o witb bllndni i aud at ou.-e rouiuience lo liriiore
a i lawa of logie. I lu ?'-, wbo wonl.l i. ill llie n i flaa lu
Parla, Berllu und l*et< i ?'u.r, li k U|hui Ui Im in? uu
f, ,|, || |.i |ea- II |.ul. .1 . 'I ill.e. A. . ul'llt ^-U"l lli ,r..l.ll,|,,|, I I.i?
.i ii -|..iii?n-.| i. iiiiii i r.aveiao blgb aml loliy thal II i
. | .,? -, ,,|,j,.,-'!i.m tii it :.. ibe .-niu,- up ..
efforli lor ii "-ni- Wllli ii. .unii , '?-..? lli ) |i .int i i ?
,,,,? tiU|K ,,f ? 'i i.v ,- i. i iiui."|ii-i"i. iii <-. i" li iii-e li
I.. xii -ut.'.-i i.n'l "iii" i i ?"?' -?'""' t" il"- wai "i ?iiiiui
|.:, i,,n, ete. 'I'lu-v mention tlu namei uf Waaliiugtoii,
j. <t. ;*iui, Abrubaui Llucoln, ete., nml eanuot under
ht.ui.l vili.it l* t.< I." aaid ugaliial all n.-.i. But we aaj
IM, * .-ui v.-n gootl uml nlce, bul n doea nol |.rore any
Wiili Ibe iili.ii.tii.il "f Ibe I'roletarial
tln-RO ei'-iil* BU.1 iii.ii I'.'V'" lillle <>r notblll_ tu
,i,, -ji,.. atar-epauKled baaaer wa?ed over em
i-.-nii ur liberty, -aIu. :. were for Ibe i..u. in
uf Uie elaaa ..f n.? bouiki lae, bnl wbleb dbl
nut la ii< i ilm ei.iuiitjiiii uf tli" i.rer. Por tlie bonoi
,,f _ ui.11,111111 ui traaopa aml donble tbal number of itarv
in.- i'.i-'i-i..ii.iii t.imii?? -. Uu* bvuiInjI uf lllierly lieaina
upon tne ii.ition. Aml we aboul i !'?? ui-i'in '1 foi II i Bo;
bow Uiii. r.ntii doea onr aymla Bame up, tbe lymbol ol
luve, wiliiiiiii un.1 li-in ! i?n III barkgrouud Ibealara
HlUlU" ll lli ri-Iillv ; lliey |ooh dOWB |>l uliil*! i,? l.l-tler
iiiiii/*. Tbe reu ua ealleto oui mlnd tbe Bprtaliia of
Uie Proletariatiu 17U3, ttai itrugalei of il.t- w..rku.r
ii,e.. iii l-1-ai..l l~7i. tbe i.iiiiiiiy iBereaaeol Honul
lii eim-raei in (lennauy, and ihe rletory nl tbal imiIIiIi o
eooiBimlc rerolutlon, nn wbleb ?>?, too, itaad up. Ilence
vu ii.i nol ni.im.luu ii, imi * ii.ii it blgb iu rapld uiareb
Bgaluat tbe aecuraed regulatlona "t ibe preaenl f-iai. ol
caitea (rlaaaea). Tbrealen lt, ye bypoentlcal eaeniu-a;
despiBe aml n.-iili It. Belore you um nwarc <>f It, n v ill
bc planted bbotb yotu beada, and bbbouum liie iinivii ol
Un iuiw Utiie I
Mee.i wa ??'' aatonlabeaj tbal on tiii-. eminentlj fntt
8<nl tvt-ii ibe torrora of tlie Freneh C'onunnne in
ih72 bIiuuM bave been nuadetbeobjectof entbn
?laetie anniveraary cektbrationB on Bnnday, kfarcb
17,1*7*, i.y abaoal all Bocialiatie Boeietiee tnrongb
unt tbeeoontryl (eitui.lv not. Aa t-. tba won
ileiful ebangee thal will be produeed by tbe haaa
gnration of thm state of tbe fntare, Bodaliataaaaare
ui that ii (uii.iitu.ii uf proaperity, bappineaa aad
innrulity will be oebered in, ?.f wbich al preaenl we
uie atterly iiieuj.aiiic uf forndng any adeqaate con
oeption. It ia tberefore bo wonder that tbe Social
istie piess BflOBOBBOM tln- lealizaliuii of tlii-Hu BUVfic
nlea.s, " tlie Hiilvatiuii uf tlie woibl," uml tlie ii|.|u-.ii'
aaco of Bofialiam "tlu- veritabbi aavionrof man
kiinl." t>- JMetzgeii, BaL &. iNc-uc Boe. l?ein., Ih7:i,
No. 117, 107.
BBtaftOB <>V SOI.IAI.IKM TO IlKIIOION.
Iii corcluwioii it reinuitm for ine. to ahow tlie relu
tion of .SoeialiHiu to religion. Aml beto it laBl?
markalilo fact that .olli.ially it Ims veiy mMuiii,
aud then ouly very iudefluitely defiued thia relutiou.
For azaaaple: Iu tha atatatea of tba lateraatiaBal
Labor Aaaociatloo we iimi tbefbUowiag acBteaeei
" 1'lie International Labor party daclaraa thal aaeb -
tiea aml iadividaah* il. airoaa of Joiaiag i' Bekaowb
edge ti iith. jaatiee aad morality aa tbe rnla of their
eoiuiii't toward each other aml toward ull imn.
xxtt'iotit reganl lo color, belief or niitiniialiiv." Tlu
Germaa Bocialietic Lahot partj deliaed ita poailioo
inregard ta religion by deebuing tbe aaaae a "|iri
x.-ili' liiaitei." Bal iml'-linii.' aa the ulli, lal refer
encca of tjocialiate to reliarion may be, tbe declarn*
tiona and cxpreaaioua oi tbeir moal prominenl
ajteakera in thelr Congreaa niaetiuga aud ol
llieir party-agitatora, are ull Ihe more rlonr aml
iliatinrt. ror examplc: Tbe Krencbman Dapont,
n inember of ii,- lleacr.il ('<mii.il of tbe
Internatioiinl Labor Aaanciation ilus.il n moctitiR
ui ('ollgTi f. i'i the follo*Vllit* Worda: " Whal v ?? ile
aire to overtbniw i* imi tlie tvrant, bal lyranny.
We .lu not wanl any povoromeut. beoanao irovcni*
I'u-tii* 11 i li ii |.\ taxatinu; \x.- do iml xx.mt a-iv
ai mu -., I,,-, ;,i,s,. nruiiea l-.ill aiul alangtiter na : we do
noi wanl anx reiigton, h.i.iii-,.- reliRiniia rboke rea
s m." Iii t iie - .nu- \ .-.ir th ? pn ?! y a* in iatea "f ihe
hi xian lender llakiiiine, in n iiieetiuu oi tlie L'ott*
Breaa for 1'i-ace iu I. rne, iasiniltbo fiillowiiig n.ani
fi'Blo: "liu- All,im.- ilei"larea itaelf atbeiatir; n
- k Ibe iibolUIuueut of nll worahip, tue aupplant*
mu' of l>. lii'l I.v aeti'iiec, of ?li\ in.- jual iee by li.an,
the aboliabiug of marriage aa a political, religinua
an.l riviI iimtitnti?n.n Vai Im, 11,,-lu a.i ..f ih" In?
ternational I :i'i >r Aaaoi iation tu I'nria, in a nim'tiug
i'l CllllgTi-Bi llll lei,' the f'lllovv i'nr lil.iM'll'IIIX : "Ih''
l'.I I.'iui i.a* *>-r. ? <l longe.i_h, v\ ,? have .:;' uab
ofhiiu." Miinit i.iiii..iiim-'il Ihe Hiblo " a roil "I
i imoralil -,," aml the Kngliahuinu Mnrley called tho
I ? ?> naiit inmiatry uf Irelaud "a dark army ol
l':i.iiiin inaaked i.uii."
The aame apirit of atheiam apeaka oat of tlie olB*
cialot anatl tbeparty. Mav 1 he allowrd t-> Bd?
ilii.-u i.i it one c_ nnple uul "l tl ? ? n ilimiti d aamber
"fi!,.-iii-i rent Uauea I Tbe Xne-1'ork Totke ZeUtm?
uf l'.'1'i ti ai v l'_'. 1878, xx, ilea :
Onropimueutanaaerl tbal Boelal-Demoerata areene
mi.-. "t all t.ii.'iui, inui'ii. aot ii n. v- lu a Uud. Bow,
i i 111-- t ..uii. ?a lerrinie aa ;: may ati:ni to auuie. ta nut
aliogelher wilboul fonndatiou. Y. *. w* Hneial-bemu*
rrata ure oppuai-re ot everylliitig ilial i.u-iv i* roi.i
u.i a.le I tu Ibe Oelu.leil lua??e* aa rehjilun. UV do uot
I' lii'Ve In a htipenialural I! ?:!?_, v\i iln iu ii iii-l a v.- ii. ii
I-, i-uii.il !..<!, lii .iu aveuitlllB an.l leeuiiili nailiil
AliuiKbtr, OiBiiUrli il, Al i- 'i"'. wbo.inblaaj.I
lll ilul IIH i . V . i i -c'li- ii' lil- ..Iiiiu,ii.t l.ii. i-.lil I" I lllll
llll l.ii ui- ..1 Iii .i ,-. , I -, (.. I.UI -I, ll, Ilu ll ill I ? ill
ul - ni; nu.1. ?.-.' |... ,.;i..ii. ... i.i!,- uu tlie iilh i liaud i
?? '.v v Itlmul llirirn 'i ir : il* Iiv. iii ii'Vil > aud i
1.1 ! i ii t'i- aweal ul ilu iu|>|iri'.'<i ilnnddtaiiiheriie l. aud
.,! imt,, ii- uu-? ; -.. v. ? -..I :ii-i- duuol pull al tlie
triuinpbal i ni i i.u.-'- ui ii.i- l*rn -i-; are tlontil luke n-a ou
i-.ii.lr. . XX,- ui liut WaOl 1" I'llleii-, bul I"
? ?,..?. X. .ii iiiii -ii i_ in'i .i :i t ii. 1" i'
ln tlu -,- i lin, i! iui I. mu i lu iu
uu t. iu;...i.ii (njoj uvnta fm i I'lii-.t. il in.nu iiuf tu .iv. ii.
XV ..I.- ,,..' r)|ll|ilUrlluUall l" '?? :? v ? tn .1 II..-I.. ir. il ll!'
..'. ? .I ii i. v. iu*i. |i . ? ? . \. I . '.?:
... . inl.il iu . ut llii?tul : - iu< : ii . XihIh . xv,
un- not mi attm I na not t.i la-lirve all Ibla; ia weilu n?l
ail.iw omarlvea lu lie lulled a i?ep bj ibe old "deuUI
., -iu- Ki ,i...ni- ' li -ai bi ' un Ibla ue
. . t |i| j !-!,.?.? .,., e.mll ; f t tin* re 1- 'i vm
ii.i.,.11.; mu iMiritoii ol . 1 1 iv ni ni* .m.l 1. iii|-i'i.'l lor
iiim -,... 11 ..f v. li.. li Ibeae bj |hm rllea would llke loebeat
ua, iu urdi-r tbul Hu 1 |mrtiuu minhl 1.??? all Ibe
x ..- .11 ?? Iii-i 11 ? 11 all ei im.* iiutloua, ??? ?
i: ?. tocal i''i-ii t.ki:i.- '"i.i '-.' 1 .... 11 ..11 ,- ii ;i.." Be
II Uul ? ml I.. ,1'i.ivv HUVtllllltf :.u.ml 1 lll iv 1 11 afi
ii-r/; w.i i.-a.lil] .. .'?? tbal lo t.
',1.., . 11-.- W, I Uf 00 I
ildu iml 1- 1 X.- ln :..i. 1. ..I "f Ibe rulnm <
ibe ,iiv ine order "t tb
,,-:.-,., ,-. nu l i.u ni.i aei auj iupi rim |
, ? , i rrt'-itrd by li al, uol du we m ... 1 k dge tbe
|, ? I ol I.u' I'H ?".
I 1 "i-i ilu ae ' \t: 1. t*. wbicb ronld have been mnl
lip] .1 .:,.;. uini, Iv, ii xx ill Iv v.-n that tbe Si. inli-t
,,|. .iitili. i~ th.- Imt. r 1 ?:. tn.' "I ? v. 1 \ thiiiir
wlik'b l.itlu tio haa h i*n bolj anddeai to thc Cbria
ti ni. Nay, 11 ui ?; hi ? ailx nu . 0.1 ihe liuni.nn of 11
ligion 1* by 11: 11."i ? radii :1 -it.< 1 tu-rnii i'"i* than on
f. .? inntiiy. Ki r li -re Im purj ? i leaat to
bmbl np bia ii.,.i_iu nv Slate of Ibe fiilurc oul "i tbe
ta ol tbe l'i.''.eii-'l'vvi) and ?l- tnoli ln >1
atnictiire; while iu refereneo lo religioii be la de
i, . i ., ..;.,... ? tool aml brai ? ' - ind
... ist lll ll!'.li.7'-'l ll\
s |||, H 1, It ?tl .' ' fact lll :i l: "-1 ? t r - -
intie li mii i - tni .. i itura iu 'I lo i '? i
.... ii lu ' '
MM-inl lifi .!'??' ? :'!???" ? ? ?
: ir n ? 1 . . '? ? iaiii|di * uri i
.,. ? .1 in Iln- inlen al "l I
i ii.iu ilu aame ntamlii ??
. . , ? . i of tbe .vu
I,, hi un- i i : hil'iiioii Iy l i "? "t all Sui 'I ix
i",,i ti. ii .i'i bii* i. i.iti'in
..:.ir I. i.i's |i .\ tu re .-' nn "i i- .
. i iu ilie i niiirai ? '_xv il - \\*n
.. \, .' . : '.'.'.?. J l.
IIII M vl.il vi.
A f II tbi i i't aif ol tbe irrellj
learly f<
..I marriage. It la irue, wo very ofteu inei-l with
tl... aa ertlon of .*? , ieatiuua. tbal Ibej
.:nl m.t itilend lo toai b lhat i lll. ?'n* al
Ibe --un.- lime tbe following facta eannot lie deiiinl:
? | . !, . . . , .?'. ,;i : ,. i ' .'? ? 'i ? I - -
M ii x.
ilon, ,ii bia mluii ii mia work " ?in t ipil il,'
. , imie baaia for a lua
| | :? . : , : tbi n ilmu ..I Iwitb - l
| .,. bo ,! ,-- 'i", iii ?!???? i" ii* xvlu n in Ibal
,.,..:"- ? ? ? 11.. -.nn. time be
,!,. i nut < um ? .1 1 .ol.ii it al
th< i. I.y t-> mui' rataml tho I ta pn aeiit
? ,,, fmiii nml i li irai ler. -' 1 lie fullu* 11
,,f tlie |; , i llal in',.. iu Iln ?.. ,1 l*-1 -. ??. ,'' ?!
i tbeir pl tbe 1 i: "Aa
i. il . ? ii i. Iiiiii "f Ihe m.t*" -.
Ibe riglil i-t in*
? ? , ? ' . |
? i ..I 'miIii i ritrbtaiif wmni-n l
bulidl
j : . . t . .? ?"!-. iMilitie aml
t-ivil ninlli llte oi in it im-.'.-. Iln* bi '"i i.?
i.i li ?? iml,I of iiiiu litiili.'-." Nuw,
iu i t ,e ?? i uiii -1 a ul
I. ti i i iiiiiii Coiiniiitt.-e in i le
v-,.-i i -,,'i ii . ,-., ,| t, ,- verj I'.itix na a aeetion intu
I lie lu . I. ii. .i \ rn i il imi, Iben l>v ailetil I)
: aa Iii man i-ifr
. | j '.x n I.u l t', it fm mi t Sieiiilia -,
, | , >t. I..||. nl iti.* i'i. ii ai'! "I'u'l*. h ?ve :i I .
i, ,| ?? j ,.- I .. -. |l ,: thi ii- ln ? Im . ii done of late
uii \ . I'J ol Ihe ilialic I. ihm I'.n i v ul
',.. X. ,,,'?, I.. I'. ,v im iuto ita |
notoi ii . illiull Biid i i lliu; nml ui lew
.!.. "I t ! '' ? '.;? I .1 'll iti'I - lil \\ Ul
l.i'ii/, llr. Imlk.iu i -"? . ii r nioeralii rlub in Slntt
? i i, |, h| el, ? ? ni ,i l..x,ir ul i ?
? . :. " ' . t i.i il l.-i ni nl ii. ii i iaiie iu i ..t'l
lli .. tn |, I,.,, ,| ..,,,,. |ilioiia, v\! ih ui, il... otlu , li iii*I,
unin ,| i i,i i i im in.ni,.i. e .,, ., ,|, I'idetllj ii*i
uioral iu Iiiul.'. Theae exumplea ul I.', impiire
iml iotm na to inal riiK.Id have Ih.-h iniilliplied, .
Iml ihe ? |. : i '.. I ? aliuw linii > " i.ili-in ;
v. ,i!i u 1.1 l.le . ii ii >l is Iryiug todeuiiiliab lb< mu I
..,11. .1 i. l.itii.ii nml h illo.-,. ii uaagee ui tha preaenl
' im itiuii
1*li- reaiill "l "ur inv. ticatlon calaldiahea the
fael tbal > " ialiam i* *tiiv ,n_ at t'umiuuuiani in t< -
sard to eeunomy,at Itepublieaniam aa tho form "f
>.,v. iiiiu. ut. aml Bl Atheiam in refcrence i" re
I l| , ,, || -,- the lulxue. Iti -. of tills hi hi IIH' III'
well aware lhal thi ae i nda rannnl Im rcai I" ?! orer
lliirlll. Ilul they kliovx oul'. I".. vv, II lhal h\ a '-olial il.l
airitaiii n they xvill make aome |iuinta, Ile iee iluy
dt-relop -in h a ayatumatie, reaaeleaa aetirily aa
hi.totv baa not recorded for a lungtime. By wonl
.tii'l oi'--.*. Ihmugh m.i * -ni' < im. * aud aecrei -?
?.mu-, by a I'iiul colportaga, aa well aa hx volnn
larj .Ilu ilmi,i.u ol iiiiitiiiu iiihl" publleatinna; iu
dhorl. by niivt Iiiiii* aud everytniiiir, Ibe Stuialial i I
oni ilav are Itu ily onaaged in tbe diaaeiiiinution ol
tl,,.,, |'?ii,i.a teiiflH. Tbere Bm imt leaa than
aevenl) dailj atul weekly publicBtiona in Uermanv,
Blld ubOlll I vvelil V -uiii' lll Ihi". ' "llllll v .vv til'-li "|" ii'V
:,\i,-.v .uul advocate Sim ialiam, i? aiden tbe ihoiiaainla
..I paaeaol oceuaiiinal literaturo of tbe vileal mrl
xxhu h ilav alt-1 il i. mi? i-iit im" tbe banda of tbe
working ' laaa. ( an anj "i v.ui for a moinenl doiihl
tl,..? x 11 .nn- neeeaaily lo luok alernl* into the faee
oi iln. aeriuna hiu! oangerona moveuient f A aborl
oiiiliiu- "i tl"- tiuthaiiil errora iu Bocialiamwill
Cloae inv n inail.i:
Illi lll AM? EBBOBa IB MU'lAl l-xi.
According to ont prerlona reprcaentation, Boclal*
intudemanda the aboliabmenl "i prlvate capital, be
eanae ii aeea in thal the maiu, aay, the only Bource
of all aocial miaery. Kowitcannol be deniedtbat
nml. i tbe preaenl sratem <>l indnatry, prirate eapi*
tal baa become apower which i* working diaaa
troaaly iaererjrBpberoofBocial aad political Iih'.
Si. i.ili-in. Iherefore, ia perfectiy righl aad ioatined
ln calling tha atteatioa of tbe publie again totbe
evila wbicb eheck tba common welfara aad eaaaa
?ncl, ., _eep dlaaatiafiMTtloa among tba working
elaaa. Bat tho coacloalooa wbieh Hoeialian drawa
h.un the fael thal sm h exili il" exi*t BTB Utterl]
iiiixvaiiiitiie.l. Aad bere weobjeel m*t t.. Itadefini*
imn ui prirate capital, bocaaae it ii rimplj imt trae
th it the saii.e, aa I i' h. B* aml nm-l "I ii?'"-ily he
an iiistiinii.iii fm- prodadag aothiag bal
,vil conditiona of life. On tbe eoBtrary, if haa
been uud r-till w B iiie'liiim "I beliehting
bnndraila and tboaaamla of hnmsn beiuga.
Kunally fitl-' i* Iba aaaertion "f Boeialbaa lhat
nrivate capital u tbe cblef, nay. tlu* only aour ??? ..f
MM-ial mi*'iv. Tbere ure other fountaiaa irom
whiih llow the turbid watera of baaian wretcheu
DeaaandmUf.nu>. 1 refer only t" thal naaar*
mountable iudoleuce of ao many robual beinaa, who
would rather live a lifo of ealreme poverty than
ihake ofl their buineaa; tu the fearful apread ol
draakeaaeaa aad diaaipatioo, withthetf I*>i*^r traia
ol uuuuuibeifd aud uutuid oxil eBfl-8fBMMW| to
I the BxtraTagaat Baada of liviaa* i*.v whieh evrrv
i year thoMaada are tbrown late baakraptey taad
laatlr.te that inaatiable pleaaore-aecking tn the
? greal itiasa of thc people ot mir iluy. There are haa*
ilrei|r>,ye.|,th"ll'.ailil'<,evi liuf XX ol k illKlu, li.XV Ilu eollld
rfan in the aneial araia if one or tim other of tbe fore
K?'ititr vicea were noi eontiaaally lowering tbeir
| atanaiagin Bocietr. Henee tae aaaertiona ol rjocialieta
i in leif.ti'il to privata capital are unwarrantable, and
tluii-prlacipal il-tii.iiiil, thal ii ahonld beaboliabcd,
reata eo laaa on falae premiaea, liut tbia bi not all. Tbe
! romnnlaory ahnliahuienl nf private capital wonld lie
| aiTiim eoimiiiite.l agaiu : ilu, aarred nght of tba
miii .11 iimi to oxvii inul inul,'. nee <>f capital aa an la*
-?timu. nt of productton. I be greal evil aml aiu nn*
i tlcriying tbe preaenl luetbod "f indaatrv doea noi
1 conaial in tbe fael tbal th- indiridaal is permitted
lo prodnco for bia owu intereata bi bia own nieana,
bul thal tl.is itiali.iiiilile rigbl aml privilege isi-xet
ei-eii 1,1,1,1 iv witb .ai I. K'.i'i to tbe aame right oi bia
j felloW llle'l.
In ii-fi i. i.i e to the Beeoad demand?tbal labor
ahould he organixed and condaetad hy the ecta
; muiiity or Ptate?H may he admitted that to ,i
ei-iiain i xii-nt tbe idea of eooperation i- found in
the Chriatian community of the New Teatatnent,
1 nml in the IcacbingB of Cbrial aml lli- Baoatlea.
Beaidea tbia, tbere are rxampli s on record in biatory
I wbicb l'ii ln prove lhat a blending togethcr nf com
iiiiui intereata m.iy lieeotne an excellent meana "f
: improvinathe eundilion <>f the laborina rlaaa, and
to counteract ouc-aided ma!iitiii.iii-.m. liut a* enou
j a* Kocisliam atteiupta to introiliice anch uu nranniz
li iii h, fore uul it lonhl imt be done i:i anv other
xx.i\ -it tratnplefl nnder fool individtial lilierty.
Iktudea, wbo rotibl for a momenl ?iil*l?-?--?- lhal auch
a 11 nu | .i: Um v a, laii'-'.-iiieiii would work aat iafartorily
i to all aa lutia aa the tneuiberaof the preaent aociety
i ditter ao wtdelj aa to i>iialitv'of ndaptalion, eilucii
ti' ii, npii.-. ' ii-t -in*. ei'-- li i* certainly no inat
I t.-iof anrprine to flnd tlial even the inner biatory of
the Interuntional L-ilmr Aaaoctatlon la bal a reronl
"f Jealona iiiaitiuatioua. mutnal ;i' cuaatioaa aml < _
t'l'iiiiuiiiiii itimi*.
A* io ti,.. tbird ileiiii.nl- tbe laborei muat re
eeive tlu- fiill i. liun uf hi-. xvotk ?xve liuxe to niiikc
the Boraewhal bnmiliating roiifeaaion that in tbou
aanda ..f raaea the workman i* noi paid iu proportion
; lo the work artaallj funilahed, It ia certainly aot
fur tbe honor and glory nf onrao fat adranced atul
eiilighteiied time tbat labor ia uuleed more or leaa
au aiin !.? of men h.iii'lise. ftocialiam, tberefore, is
riu-lit im ilemandiiiK l"r tlu- auppreased wo**king
rlaaa u lull. t, more proportionate cumpetiaation.
liut wheu,indoingbo, il imn tha' nnthing imt
lalair i.i iiiiiii. ta rfonueij > p aii ? valne, a".l that, iti
. i.'i .. uu. iu .-'..I' tbat. nothini* l"" labor ia rntitled
I" tlu I'lulit. It llll l.e . ll M-1 f i'il lil X ut il lul l'"'l' -'II
tii-i-ii nml oi iijiisiiee tu iim-.. eaaeutial factora
1 which, beaidea bodily excrtion, cuntrihnte t"
tlu- ralne of au article, ii im. Iv. the intelleclual
imi n.iL'i rn. tit uf t iu- ? mployer. aud capital lu tlu- form
"i tuoiiey, huihliiiK . macbiuenr, .-i.-. iim if tlu
j -.? i.i! <|ii' -tj..ii iaei ; to lu- aulveil, Ihe thieo pro
' <l'i'.-i . ,ii. niu , bodily aml tueiitul lalior aml ca|d*
1 lal, tntiat rtccivccach oni n lull, jual Biid adeq late
nl.
iiii: i.xi.i. iiii:..w of i- i loiox.
Tl.e moal fatai .-uul, hov, xe:, Hocialiamiacom*
milting by peniateutly Bttempting to uprool all
r.-Iii'iou and toeatabliah atbeiain. For tbe paat hia.
toryof maahind Im* proved beyond a abadowof
il.. iii; the followingttwo facta: ll) rhenationaof
tbeeat ti, from tho beginning of time up t<> the
preaeul day, barc auuk down into idolatry, moral
.'? ? ...liiti'iii, inul ii alily miaers Jual in proportion na
iii. . bave *? ti ii.-ti >l thrtuselvea from tho belief iu a
peraonal, b<dy aad ju*t fJod, and from tbe power aad
iiiiliu-?:? i- of if.-iiuti e i ligion, |_ vYberever ibe
i." ," I of .le ii. ( h'i a ii'- h ra permitted to !"?' oine
apowcr over Ibe individnal oi a natiou, tbe moral,
religioua. aneial aud national life. even among the
lll -t .!. ..-, ul, .1 iiiul ili-L" lu I.il'-.l llll". -. llll* '" ' .1 ' le
valed to a Btandard of which previouslj i" thal
imn' they had i.ireption. Now, aa >?
.. - .m.l *. ta a-i.1" tl.'--.- wi ll-atti *t'-'l hiatorii al
i ?-. t i a biiilding wilhuitt a foiiudation aml
i>|h'!u. the iloin t" i!.. ii ui! inroad of vii-i I
. i u.i. I'..: ? i luirlier, i " -. ? : il ? ? -
. will ul a L ; ? tial Uial ia detiii tl,
i. ? . ? -. aud tl '? dia
1 -i riffhl und wronu-, _.I
ai .1 . . il, i- al '? ilrii ? I. - i ili.un n- lf
... ra in Ihia i -
? j... t. il ia weli ki "W t: thal . iiacd thi* ?*_?
|.|, ?- - i. ?!. I: -..'.. ,
' the il- -ii nn i
..." i . . . ? :. . .
il Ia . .\ll im ? i ? "I. ' nt
that a ...ii- ti. i ln ? nd aml aitn
llf ||I| ' . ? ... ,,J .,l| ,|, .
nl mti
Im 1 *7.(, tlie . inlliieiitial Sm ialmtic
11 e I |
, , iluy in
' i I !?.. lliili^'- V\e I.i.
L-rpt one: citlier tlu-r. ia no (mhI, and Iben wo are
i iln ii|i| la-. ajual ?- v?.- plsaae : "t
i'i. I. I. a Iimi. Blld 'I ?'". Ol ' "Ut*- . V e vi
I .,1 ; im , ? Inul* haa ever (I
u| ' ? ?? I, bem e we bavi t tu a
? :
? iii, aml
..-'..'..i ure, Aud
, ed eti-nial priueipli'N rruiuiii onlj ao 1". n
|< i ilu m [i i?a ilil*-."
H I'.-le Ktllh lllll ? ? - - ,' .'??,. ? 1|
i '- : iui i 11. "1 iu'1 vv.!. i il. .1 -in ,-,l
diiiK -ii. h fi 11 .- ? : i I na i .? .-.u'l
to thal ti uel rlbi il relutmn ol laaa , iu Iit**. mni
11;,-\ are bul ni'X ilulde < ? >I ita
, ,!,.... .i mui priiuiiuiii ? 'I wiii - . And
it .,? mi time ii aluiuhl aui eeeil in i . ill the
1:01 ii iilue i.t rmia luiiaui - ? ? t t Him ii re. |K?nai
iiilitx. theu the ii: ' ? *
will . .ill ii'.i i apn I ..( -..-.: .-I "ii,
v. li;, h v\ ,11 ov, linlli all ? Kial ? . ... 1- i'l
li ..ii.in *<" 11 ' .
.VAJI /'"/.'/.
iiiii BBAfHlM rilli'i' II i' -xii'ix ii OF Bl'BMEB
I 1 -ll'l .1-.
\i xx iui,!, M ix 31.?Il ia fi-ared tbal Sew*
ll bave iln* - tiiuti rra rareli ilull ??:,??. 11 i I -
,,,, r read BriiBtllauia) lu tbe llat of " iletiartorea fi i
,,.,,?.. :." 1..: vi Th
bavea|rrnt m.lr Huaimera bere. Muny wealtbj
; ibo i .i" , ii.- '. li 'V- .!? parl i :?? V rla I'ei
. ,,|. r ibeae < i, Ibe i uera "f uiau>
? ? ,-?? thelr .l'.v ua.
. ? upjr iti ? lituldlnira Ibla year.
li irlua tue Huiiuu. r II i- pm|N>aeil t" bave .i loai i ihi
tbe !:? ?'!'?>.I I- '?' rn, BUtualliu.
ii,.? K| . ? ?, ibrou rlmul Ibe r.iuutry 1 bia
Biovi iu. tii li.'- !... ii iel "ii i""i fui tlie pitrpoa? "I n tliii
ti,.- iiiiii i*,..nllti riTpur.itnni, mcurredby tbe
IiiiiIiIiiik "t ,i i.uv adilitiuu foi .rn arl i
i . . itt.ici- ar -ii iv '.'-"'.viv. Aiimng the late ar
rivala are Mr. v.i - l in II, '-r Pr.ividi uee ; Mr.
.,,,- Nuo ui.'if Pbiladelpbla, aad Mi lleurytl Mai
,;,, ,1. i.i.r v .v V"ik tl.. Bt t llenri C. Uravi -...f Fall
i ri, , lu. t . i: 1'i'H' i. "?' U -:? ii: Mra. i roi *? r,
Klilua ,.f , ? i .rn .-. - in rn i i"il ? r, --t I ':?? iblira-, M .?-? :
Mi. xi || l.iitii...,..' I'n.vlil. ii. ....uel' uplaln .1 xx IIIihiiih.
ul |li.miI in S. Y.. will ..ipv ...llaae* nl ( otiuulcul
I'.itli. Mra. J"*. i'ti <?? .1'lm*"ii. "f I'ulluilelphiii, baa
. , , i inii ..-. .rn i:.- levtM I'oiirl i" Mr lliu rion I
Ul tii.i.f Ihe niinii)elty. xti- i ti,n!'* I. Aiithony. of
Si u Vurk, li i- i 'v i rnuu Mr. Ilaiuiit.iu lluppiu, ul
N, ... Vurk, hia vlllu uu Beach V'lew-ava. Mra. Authuny,
?rbnowUrtn Blle Miniliier reaidel.ti Ibet'lina, baa
! ?, ,i,| :i t.-i tlu -ii" iiii i t.i Mr, Kdiuund Davia.ul i'roi i
,1, ,,,-,. ?,.;,,,,.|. tn io piirchaof tbe houae. ('..luiuiin.Ier
II. It. -.-' I. v, l . -. V.. will.!!?? ll"' U.ilulii' tt i-ollaKe, ,
,.,, i.mu ,i lalatid. Mr. li tt Huillb, ol I'biladi nhla,
lin. I.U-..I hia li iu.' -iii.- riiitage "" WaahlnaloB it.to
Mi. M. ,x Ilav ?. iiii. ut li.-ii.ii. Mi. ..u.i Mra Jatitea M.
Ilrnkc, ..I Ni v. X" k, an al Ibi li mll i|K on Iti i? tim
,u, I'n.t.rWllliaui riKik.ul llurvard l'olle| ,baa
taken a cotlagB .-.t t'ooaBleBi I'ark tur tbe aeaaoa.
illi: sni.i'li /.*' BOMh _ / BATH.
?m>
OBOABIZATIOB O? rBB NKB BOABD OF 11(1*11 li.
Albaby, May 31.?Tho Truatera of tbe s>l
.|?|.' Iliiuie. llt llillll. -lelll'lTl 1 "IllltV. le.'.III.V ,l|i
pointed bj Ibetlovcruoi and Benale, mel bere tbia af
teru.iiuut oraaalzed. Tba lenntiiuf Ibalrreapectlva
t.uiur, waadeetded by l"'. "* followai Oaayear,Oeaeral
t'uiiiii'.x, ii. turiil xvui.t. Bodgera aad A. J. MeCailj two
yeara, Ueaeral K. at. fraae. Jonatban 1:.i aad John i'.
i.,niu: ti.rn- reara,Oeaeral Heary W.Sloeuai,Oeaeral
.lilllllr, || .(.Ulll'i- .lll'l B. IL I'- r-~0' I. IUI lll.Ul"II. u waa
ordered tbal tba Bi catlva Coaaailttee conaUtof nve
tn. "ii.r-in. Oaaeral Btocnm waa eleeted prealdeBt,J i'
l.ini.. rve,iet..ry, aad OeBcral fraaa treaaurer. rbefob
lawlafl w. i.- < ,...H. i. i.- Mu li-iciitlvi- I'.iiiituitt.-i': Miaat*.
Mequadi , Kodfera, Robto, fafcarl aad Met'all.
Mr. Parklaaoa, aeereiary of ibeobl Board, preaented
Uu-Hunni,il -tit. i.i-iii ol Ibe old Board. Bbo?rlii( tbe
.un..um noa ..ii ii.iiui i. H.""i. "'. leaa *ViH furlnrl
il.utii. Kiieiuu-a. ilu-Iini- i.ie.li'.'.*"! Ibeobl Buard, In
ilii'iin ?, uiiiin. ?- i- |13,(HBJ. Hu* iiiiii'liii.* are all up
miui ,i,.*i,,, ,i nu-1.,mi BUioiint tbua far espendiil belua
>o-"7<i i;:. iiie iiuiui of il"' iraaaurer v.i.r. Bsedal
*lo[ooo. ii,. i:......i tbea adjoamad, ta aaeal al ilu
ilull.e,|l'l lilllll, Jlllu 7 lu VI_
BA1I1LT0S COLLEGE ORATVRICAL COX TEST.
Ibi ii.ir'.miii i" >?'? ii'ti" *?!? i
Ciimi.n, N. V.. May Sl.- Th* aimual rnn
t.-,t iu .I., li.iu.i'i.iii iit ii iiniii"" Callefa xxiii take place
mi Mumiiiv. reata*, June 24. lha r.uuiiy BBaaaada tha
followtna lippumtiueiiir,:
.iiuiiur rfaat Jamr- M BeaBctt. Pltt_*ara, Paaa.;
Wiiuiiui H. CHil.-r. uiu-litii. K. 1. H"i'"it 11. i.illiiuii,
BlebfleldrtpringaiOtlberl lU'ld. Yuuii^atowii
Sophomortilau \n.-n HOelttnan. Itlebfleld R .rliica;
BetbO. Heaeoek, ltutt.il": Ueor?? It. Otraway.l Itataui
XX .ill. I li. XX.ueuell, XX ..terville.
limh iit un vkm i.?*iie i: Ore-ea, weetmirelaad:
Bobeil \v. Ilut'lie-. AaaaaUi NVuin-r i.. Ktt..-n-i. IBBJBMI
Ciiuiuu 11. .-' uiuii.l, Cliuluu.
THE COURTS.
?
WHASFAOE BIOHT8 <>\ THE N'OIMII HIVER.
A Wl'IT 11IAT MAY IN'VOl.Vi: MIII.IONS <"K IMIIIAIIS.
Fmir miitH BftB-BBl tlie City nnil tlie Doik
l)e|i,irtineiit wi retiie.ly. st. rday l>efiir.'.lii.l?,'eV.iii linint
iu Bapreaae Coort, Bpectal r.i-in, hivotvtag dir, etly
over B!MK),O0O, nnd it In BBtd, iu Btbariple, aome BbBUobi
ofdoltam Thia la bteaaee there la a large aaaibarBf
peraoaa bow elaUBbag ibe rlghi to wharlage uu i?.i)i ihe
Eaataad Bortb Rt-era. wbmmm elataaa reit oa a aiaallar
footlnc to tbal ?f tli.- plalatlBa, Theae plalntiBi nn
Matihew Wilkea an.l ntben, WnodlmryQ L-uuoloo aad
"lllel*. I'eellll I.. Viellieell Illlll l.lllet*. BBd l/lli-il I'.
Kaiie a.ul ul I:.:... All ileiive litle to -vlinrfa-e l.itne.U
King bi. and Lerojr at. on tbe BndooB K.v.i from Johfl
.laeul. Allor.
Ib 1807 the Btate BTBBted to tba eity all it -? rlgbtaln
Ibe i.in.i under waterlor looieel ri?. 1 ;* tli" tow-wator
iiu.rk. Mr. A-l.ii uwii,-.I Ibe Ul I iiiii. nml the eilv ei.n
v.i..i tu .um. in 1810, ibe iiml t". w.*t-*'.. wbi li waa
ali ll' 1'J.", feet lielimU luw-w.llel-Iii.ii k. on CUllllltlOB ol
bia im: .lu.--aml maintninlua We*l -i : tbe rigbl to Ihe
I wharfaRe ol the bulkhe.-wl on tbe weat ol the *[.-.?<?: waa
j nl-.. rouve.ted to l im. Tbe plalntlff ,uutil reeeutly. have
? rocelvod wharlage under tbla grant. lu 1871 ti"' D-ick
I Department waa creaU'd with powori to ruaka .-. n.-~
! i ln.", aml im* new I'lan ni\..iv. * ni.ikii:;. Wi -i-i.. i.i Ibe
: polnl in ipieation, 5130 feel * Ide aud r i
i Iobb imi* from it. Tbe plalutlCi elalm tbal
tbe doparlmcnt la dolug it witboul leganltoth irrlffbta
I an<l aak that the eity be enjolaed trotn boIiik on wltb
j tiie work,. r compelh d lo pa) ilie value i f tbe a I
i ? i.-11 r i.i ii.. .... I'l..- .iti ei.iim.. tli.it iu. niii..-.t ..f
I IBIO iv..* a Iimltailonof Mr.Aator'arl|iarlan i gbtal i the
| eaat ilde nf WeBt at., with a mcre rerocable icenae lo
i, iu ur tbe wnarfage ol tbe oppoeite bulkbead, aud thal
iu faet bb ni>.iii in uiiiei" iu; bad uo rlgfat to laad i.e
i.iiv iiu- lmv v. ni. r mark.
JudgeVau ln u.t .-. - i ve l l.ix declaton. Blchard 8.
Kiuui. ? and Thoroai I.. O nlen app< ar lor tba plaintiffa ;
WlllinmC. Whiiuey aud I?. J. Dean fortheolty aad the
bock Department,
-?
BKVEN DIVORCE CA8E8.
Al Tl.l.AII.iN*, BBBBBKKCBfl A\l> ..llll.lt PBOCBBD*
IM.~.
Laaae 8. Block obtaiaed, laat January, an ab
aolatedlvoreeI. Im aile, Leab Block. Bbaappl i
>. iterday t<> Judge Bobuuob to bave tiiat dlvoree
openi i. Bbe Bduilta thal tbe Bummoi * waa aerved bbob
ber, imi aaya it waa al oaee takea away byoae ef ber
baabaad'a frlaada. Bbe denlea tbe ebargea of adnltery
mul BbandoBmenl made Bgalaat her. JedfB Ro
iii-.ii r.*. ivi.1 ali ileclslon.
yadge l>. .in. imi" ki.mn .1. jreeti rday, bb order ol pui.li
eattea I'. tbi dlvoree *tut "f Jaae Bidgri u--' * agalaal Jo
aeph Bldgreavea. The wtta aaya ibe waa marrtedat
gtatea Iiland. Aagnst '2-. 1875. aad Ibal Ib May, 1877,
bei nu*'..ni.I <l. -.'it' l her aud i* bo- Iii Ine wltb anotbei
w.'i.iaii :.* lu* Wlle, iu M.uu iu-!' i. I'i-l md.
Jiulge liuii'.iiue Ini" ii f. i'i i.l iiii lultof l.unly I!. il.'I
il.ii aKiilnal Jaiui * M. Hotden to annul tbeir marrlaee U?
' Unii I.iu Ily. ,. .
, iu iiu- dlvoree ratl of il< i? flarrlngton aralnatCbnr ei
A. il.ii-i-iin;!..'. Judge llonohui baa relerred haek tbe
releiee'r. re|.ort. on ibe grouud that tbe evldenoe u.i*
in- iiftien iii to BUHtain tli" ttudlngi
li, tu- ; luiiai '? ?! ..iv I. ? I'l"'-. ?" lut.-* ..' I .' i .! Hii
WaUerau iiml .1 i epb Walker Judare Douohue v. Her
.l.iv .'. nu .1 a moliou to racate a refen u. ?? to lake U -i.
uionv aa1.< a tn : ifei "f iii" defi ndaut'a pro| i-rlv.
ln the dlvoree auil ol <>" Tge ('. I. iU. ki agalnal JenBle
i; l,.,u,'k- ibe ief. ree n ported thal actiial adu lerj waa
uol ibown, Blid tlu- .-uu.i"'..um -liuiii.l he diiui led.
.lii.:-.- .1. I. I'.lv ovirruled. yeaterday, Um declalon,
iin.l,. !.- t. .1 a |ury tn d.
ln ih,. -.! i ul .t"-e|,!i i'i !..-?? Bgalnat Augoata Prlnea
.lu.lee . iiin* gruu'ed, yeaterday. ?? couuael ree uf 9-3
, ai..i li mporar} alimony al B3 a ? e. k to tae ? ? ???
I" Ui: COLOKKD RLTFIAX8.
Jamea O'Brien, ol Porty-fourth-at. and
j Nii.tl -ive., v an ;.,.,'.. .1 lli a lmv MM ,n Bl ThOmpOOB BBd
ln.ita.,Tbnradaj i renlng, bj threeeoloredrBB-Baa.
Kh followed them oul of tbeaalooacalll aforbelp,
u. .'i one uf Ibe mi n, Jamei M ickln, itabbed bim ln the
f. ii'i.l threw 1..111 down aome <?? llar it. i - i
M ? .-,.. ui !..- I litli I'reclnet, arreated Macl in, I.ui H.e
- ,,i V< -?, rday Jud_ ? Murraj - I
ll for trliii.
\ , i . ?, ?? ln the evi uina nf !?? roratlon
? i , . n, n":,|-;viii ii ie. william Judah,
:,,.,,., ,t i mi.. i. "i N .. l'.'T \V. -r '1 UIU) -Ibird-it., "a*
1 dimrderly and ? ia . j.. i-.l. II- Btti mpted to t.-.-nter
i ,,? ball :. ?; . i' li- " i , .?:? he waa ncaiu putoul. He
Ihi ?! .: ? l i i ."li. r .ui I I'i l ?? >'? i . '- -it tli"
??..-- ? - ? ?
to m . t,i ? ?. ? . n:i ,ii -i-i.. and n uther
inii , llu) lr.-r, ol N i ? v.. I i rty-eii Iiili at..
.: . - . ?. .* u. Id y. ?t< i.i.... H. -T-'." al bail
1 f. I-11. ..
A i I'KIOI - ','1 Kisl ION OF KKBATE.
The Biiil of 1'. i-r llaker e. Co. ngainal
.,l ...... i- ? ! ?? '. ? .1 il : - I . 1.. 1 OU bi : iu
Ibe i ' '? ?.;:-??'?: i ? ' '
I , | || i . - ? . ? i ., .".:.:? ..,*-'" ur ve
j fi.uti i ..;?. i ?? in i."i..l," I'. t- r llakei .. I o lo h llow. .1
? iu.v 1.1 ii- ui i uilomi f"i "l ima ?- i" th I
Tlu y dul uoi i.uv tl <? ??'. I.-I"" ro
rul,., i ? . - ??.-.. ll.. '??. Ui. i. - ??' II ," ?'? ited
mmi i . , :. ? -tini ui i- ?-? itbdrawii f. m Imnd.
Thej ? ? f ai.-tlU. rhe laal i trl
,,' Uu . I'llll lit Mlt* I..-II-- '
' - '
l from ibe .I.iii.-* "ii Ih. ir . ?-? da. I Ui) !? >\<- iii 11 la !? -I
t;,, -i,; iu ,., r. ,.'...? i, ...... i ??' i,. nn ti" -in. rhe
. Uu i il -'. i.r foi - ? ?
i.l || ,'.,-,..| i ;, ipiuan a Co. tu itei Ihla numei bjU i Ii
?.,. ? . - . I I..." .1 I ? I - 'I
||, ;. ,,"? I- II ' ? d '- ' '? -I J'U'fc
? I.e 111 ,.to-.i Ull Ihi ll. '"Ii ! 101 foi *?!.-! i '
I ..; lil' OK Al I'l V -
\'in v V. V., M ii .11. I'i"'-.- iii -'"'.'i lh< I
,f ?,, ,. .,', |o.,| u No. -..: i .-i . . i ?
, ? ?i lu-n A - '
, i
... - ir-ii. I l.j
I M.i, i,
? " B. It.
? ?
.. . ,- vi. : iu - . nu
i ll..li :??!
' ?
|._j . .... ? .- i :? i VI , ? I - .--.-'. - -. -??'.
. . . ? -
I.l . I-I..N- '1 \\ 1
5m ,, i . ? i ii.i.m'-,- Iti -1- .'-'? I iwn ?
. ? rm iu ~ u iiii? U u '?i' *
. i: i i .. i '. ?? ? ,?l.U.[e.l.
i ... i ....???? ....
.-. *
l.tll-U 1 I.e1. ' ""i -'.'l
i-arv I
.11 lie I-... II, m.i -!.
,
.... II ,,kl ~! J" I. H ." II H
, ,| 11,.-I'.I 1 ? "...ll
|| . i .. . Mn
., , 1 nl,- - M ?! ?
,... ll, IIUI i.M
.....
. . ? | . ? ? ? i . ?
Wh.-.lll.'>1
. i i I I.t
!_, Van lu uu - U?i i".. ?? a?l Ha
I .? . :.:.-:... her 1 ~n. . I
i_-i .'..., nt ral > 1..44;., iu Iru io ? uia
'
... \ ,,|, \ ..| .1 I'UI i -n Hut. !?
,
I..II l'. :...,' I " ' '
.,.,. ,,? i... |, ? !.? of ihe -vi.it." "i s.?? Vork ..
! ? i I'.ui -ir. ei ' " t "nnil my, i-lal.-Mol
Ih. i-..;-:-. '' ? - iu ..I New Vork a
lw.nl - ; ! ? 'i t n i. lu ' ? :' ? " ?" "a
. ,.x,. , , ? ,... | ., II. ,. ., 1 -!..).. ., I llll.lll
,. :n |", rojil ? i :? i ??? ii" B .i .. ;? M Uoa f..r
, .ll.. .1 ..ii .ii.K- BI.U.I..1.
Suorrior Court -|..-.../ rerai H\- I'lii.-i'-.lust-.?,.
. \". ,111am . >i m ,|,,i. kt. i ha n?f. i->- nny lak. prunl
.,.?. r ;,,? i.i,.". ii..- !?..-. ... !?? ?i. ..---i "f tt." |"-rti..ralil|i i,.'
., ,, ,,i... ,..' io - IIik -*..-. il :? il.i ' ? i ' " I' ainliff
. - ith Ui i. ?.Inilerraj IU, .. Iiom
...... it?ii?raol *..u- ..- ? i ' - >
, | . . ? ., ,-. -inii.i I - ii.-l"! ? ,- ll
t, ,,| --- ., i,,.., nre ?
lu i|.|i
? ; . unit al U?i "" i" pl " '" ."au- ? icili i.lai "f utiorl
, , ilelllBd ??:!. "'I ' '-I- ' " ' ?u:'- ''' ' '
i ,?u ,,,,. ,',. I, :* rom -I feri. fJ p i ???- Bliuu.nT
.,-.,?,,! ili-len laiil. I " !-' Iiana. r ? ' K, -iu..'. el
,1 ,,,,,., ol .. -. llaai ? ".-i il, . aal. ? .innci
..,,, ,,-.i ,,. ...u ...I mlar lor *? ? no.l IrWay rl J ??
II,. i ., . ml Walah ,.ii. i..l..;i ilaj li rmlai foi Iiinl Mou-Uj
,,, i ,,,. I'rriillaa i -. ' nnil i el ..I "' ' ' ? ?-' '?""
.... ; .. | , ,. ? . ii.i !? n. i ? !.-? '??? l . ? i . '
',,,,> |-,i.i4.? |. It iiui. " i. iW u ~: .-? .M.riu Have
incli-retal ?-t Uil . -i't '1 iii M,-i. '* .mi I..-..I..'-."''-.!
,,, i??,'..,i?i,. i:..-i.-|. .i* *i"".'" " ^ ,- ' ilatritlB
,, || IV( ,.. 1.1 . iltlil ull mi ? .i-i' "'- ' Ihepavmeni ol plaiu
? |f?' ,...;- toilalr a "1 ui-li-iui.ini.*!- ni*i uiu 4i thal.ra im '-.?
,..,,.,? f.,, mu im ,? i ',i i.i ?,-,i. ,.f t.r.-i it idaintliTaoi i.i-t.
llucliraetal aal llirrelletal Motloii lo i.u.i.- . i.l.-t lor
?V-biluBtiono(aru .:. !? ndanl .lot.i.-.l wiil.t roalaal uol an.
CeMONM Pltw?Sprrial ium IU JudaeJ. I". IHily,
l? ii. ii.i ,,f Hamlak i -. --1 -- -? r. f. -r..-.l i-n. i . ueinloii.
Jnrvia.ll ....'l.~i|'ii r rhemotli.lltilCOIlllH'lltiereCi-lvellortle
?... .ii n l.ii i-oata i-.i.-iu.-.i uu Ih. irouuil lhal it i- nol U uwb
,i, | !?;,. _t..i ii i* liuprovnuaii) biouaiit, uoi ihai lie i.n
.,,',',,.,,-., i ? ,-. than ln aood faiin. n-i....."t lluliup. l ma
_|iowaii.<-..l j-'-'mu.U'l. (."iu k* .fi. : meka. se*oplnlon
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. ihnetal.B-1 I'.'lei l?-f- i.'taul im..*t V u *-'i?' i -'* '" i'1-.i"
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ii,l* WhlU-liiad el al B(l K.-.U1..U M..M..U -ranlei, iu>
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rmul father : " Will. my "<?i. how do yoo
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ordera aad inq un, - bj Budl.
iiii- r.x i; m i. \- i.t iim it ni..
; Hraedarajr.
l/EKBATIM REPURTIXU ;?::'! type-arritlBf
y i.i.i. ii, .iin taucbtb* ,, ,,.i|,-,.'ti,. i.,-i i.,?-''U"r.'t4j.i,rri
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\X X i k' i|-"K. I'h. n....i..|.l -. lii.tinit.-. IHmea. S. ^_
8TOCKBRIDCE
MANURES,
,',,/ bii Tr. Ufi'T Sbskbrttlg*, Prvfrit,r ,f Agrlcultnr*
l, ll, M ltl.hhtii.rtU .!?/'., i./iiir--,' ?
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iui'.i... ilu) liave l.eeu u.xlf.ir tlie >>at-... .. -*?
t:..?t iu lf.77 tlie.v were a|>i'll.-d un over 1u,",hi .? r. . witii fi
tilli'tit r.-.lill*. *rinl lor rmiiplil. t, Xlulleil I'u c. -X.w
foinule. Aarl.'iiltui i' l I'einleala.
W. H. -.OWKER & CO.,
3 Pnrk-placr.."le?a.Yorl_*
43 CUulbuiu-al.Moaloau

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About New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924