New-York tribune. [volume], April 12, 1880, Page 2, Image 2

About New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924

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SEASIDE SCHOOLS.
A NEW ONE TO BE OPENED THIB TEAR.
fORNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY TO EHTABT-SH A
' SCHOOL--HI8TOEY OE THESE" INSTITTTIOKS.
The ucbool at Penikese. which attracted so much
attention during the last year of the life of Agassiz,
god which waa discontinued a .year after bis
death, was not the lust of the Hummer
sobaols of Atnerioa. Au account of the history of
three institutions in this country is given
below, from which it appears that they
have been large in number and varied
in purpose. This year thero will be
an sddition to the number. Johns Hopkins Univer?
sity will establish a seaside laboratory (somewhere
on ibe shores of Chesapeake Boy, or on .__e coast of
Virginia. __
A LARGE GROWTH FROM A SMALL GERM.
I*B<r-*KMOK AOABStE'S PKMKEBE EXefEBlMEN T A VD
ITS OUTCOME?ZOOLOGICAL STATIONS IK KDROPE
ABD AMERIOA?THE VILLA REALE AND THK
(TUESAPEAKE MARINE LABORA1 eiKIKrj? A GREAT
WO'.IK FOR SCIENOF.
The Bummer-school idea originated., ho far
as AmortcB ls concern id. at Harvard University. One
member of Its scientific stair. Professor N. H. (.tinier,
asunrsrcted to another. Professor Louts Agnssiz, the es
I a ttl uk tu ant and mainienanct. durin?r tbe Summer vaca?
tion of a seaside laboratory at Nantucket, tor tbe ben?
efit alike of university sfudeuts and of teachers of eei
enee In the i-eoondary schools. Tbe ideu fitted so well
with tho views ol Professor Agassiz In regard Io methods
ot stad> and the training of teachers of uatnral science,
Ihat he at once set about its fulfilment. Thc generous
lnteie-i' of Mr, Johu Anderson, of New-York, was BS
stimulated by Tint Tbibcre's account of Professor
Agassiz', plans and desires, that the latter, in April,
1873, found hitulolf in possession of $50,000 mild Peul
hese Island, In Biizrird'a Biy, wlih willoh to embody
bis alms. The Auder_-.ii School of Natural History was
opened nt Penikeso July 8.1873- Of thc IM nppllc.mls
oulv 50 could be rcoelved, and of these 40 were teach?
ers ; a tulrel of them were lilies, and teu of them wore
young meu preparing for a scientific career. 8ee**aSe_c
by an able corps of assist mts Includlug, frctra nm.mg .'il.
Old pupil., ProlC68or_ Morse, Packard tuid Wilder, Pro
lessor Agassis made tho first session a SB OBSSi
and proved Summer sohools to bc desirable.
but at the same tiroo dangerous. They
?re desirable and beneficial in that they
furnish otherwise unattainable opportunities nnd
in eau. for tbe ariiulsiiiuu of real knowledge and of clear
Ideas in regard to tbe fundamental phenomena of na?
tural science; they are dangerous In that they offer
strong temptations to enibusiasilc but ottcn fagged and
Jaded teachers and students to work under or up to a
tension wblcb may prove a breaking .train. The cure
aud labor ot llie session doubtless shorteuoel the great
naturalist's life. Dunn.; tho see .iou Professor Agassiz
wrote to Dr. Dobro, of Naples. ?' Next.year physical.
chemical, and physiological laboratories will bc con?
structed." Tbat next ~e*ar never came, for on December
13,1873, Louis Agassiz died. The school lived lo hold
a second session in 1874, but never a third.
Tue Penlkeae germ bus developed along many lines.
Harvard has had a Bummer school of Geology, lintier
Professor Blialer's direction, in connection witu Ken?
tucky Geological Survey, sluee 1S75. In timi year Pro?
fessor Wilder, ol Cornell, nad a Summer school of Geo?
logy In Illinois : nnd a similar ecbool waa bold In Clove
land.OQio. Aa early a- 1875 Harvard opened its Summer
courses, for teachers, lu Botany nnd Chetui?try. Dr.
L. Sauveur', .summer Behool of lauguages r. ucliod linet
year Ha fourth session ,* Professor A. 8. Packard's Salem
school of Zoology ls I bree or .four years old. Professor
Jordan, of Indianapolis, at tho bead of a Peripatetic
Behool of Natur.l Science wand, rs widely in this or
other countries every Bummrr. aud excursion trips, nt
low rates and by easy grades, into al) regions of " ology
and culture" bave been organised tor the Summer idlers
at Martha's Vineyard ieiidChitutaun.ua Lake. Thc most
obvious aud direct results of the PeuiUosc experiment
ure seen in the sprcadiug and popularizing ol Summer
science in the directions above indicated; but In a nar?
rower field, and one chiefly of interest to strictly . cicn
tillc men. its lnflnence may bo detected. Peverill e.r tbs
most promising of thc younger American biologists van
Students at Penikese. Tue data uro not nt band for a
complete enumeration or tbem or their or.ginai coutri
Dations to science; bat lt ls safe lo nay that, leaving uni
of Moonul tbe work of tho younger Agassiz .md of Dr.
Leidy, tbe most considerable, and creditable additions
made wit li Lu tbe loai live years to embryology in Amer?
ica bave been made by men wbo were among Agassiz'<i
laststueleutoat Camiirtdge and Penikese. Few, if any,
of them hold to bis doctrines regarding classification and
deve opmcut; but they are ut work according to
methods which he taught aud la bis favorite fields or
study. Or this little knot of workers, two ure connected
with the Museum ot Comparative Zoology at Cambridge
two havo taken the htghest degree given ut ILii-vard?
that of Doctor ot Science; three others hu vc gamed tba
Ph. I), degree?two at Hmvurd, the otter at Lei pule;
turee have, slnoe Agassiz's death, worked In tho host
German laboratories: threo hold professorial chairs la
loslltutloua of Ibo first atasfl. oue being at Harvard Uni?
versity, another nt the Johns Hopkins University, and
tbe Hilra at the University of Tokln. in J.tpuu; nud two
bave org.inls?d Bummer schools pf their owu.
II ie not easy to measure, ihe influence of Hie PeatkeM
experltneut?failure, some call lt-t-wtien wo consider
tbat In the six years alnce tho Andersnu School ecu-ed
to be at least six who were puidU there have ween rseog*
nltlon as scientific naturalists, and thut Sight eif ACBB
eli's students who were at-OcUted with him elute;' us
Instructors or an pupils at Penikese nav.- SRgaataed ar
aulstcd In the management of six diff.tvut Sumiucr
BCbools ot ?dence.
CARL VOOT ARD HIS PLANS.
Bul Agassiz had pnplls In Europe before bc was
kilo wu In America; and ono of then), Ci ri Yogi, was
among the first to recommend tbe establishment of set
side zoological stations not only for thc purpose of for?
warding original research, but also mid especially for
tbe training of teachers or natural science for secondary
Bohools. As early as 1847 he participated with Milne
Edwards, tbe famous French zoologist, in organizing an
expedition to Investigate ix coral island and to establish
upon lt a station to bo occupied lor several years.
" Tbe ship and station should be furnished," be says,
"With nil possible tblugs especially for dredging work."
The aehome fell to pieeea owing to questions of eti?
quette. Tbe joratnamler-ln-oblef ol a man-of-war in the
Boyal Navy would not submit to tbe direction of a nat?
uralist. lu tbe year 1852 he utterly failed in bis efforte
to osmanli a stat um at Yilla Frauoa. In 1863 big
ftleuQ Mettouccl be?i-io Minister or Public Instruction
In Ute Kiaadom of Italy. Matteuoci was a physicist
wbo dealt otnefly witta physiological subjects. It wo*
hts iden lo appoint foreign, and uBpeclally German, sol
entitle men ta many of the professorships in tbe
Italian universities Vogt worked ont a
project for tbe erodion of a Biological
Malton at Naples, wblcb bo thought tbe most suitable
place tn all Italy. "Tbe Casino Beale, at Cluainnntr, wus
to be transformed and fitton up foi* such a purpose, aud
' a little steam yaobt for dredging was to bo placed st the
disposal of tbe station. Tbe latter was. In tbe mean
Mane. Intended fer a aort of school, Monoo-ed with the
systemof public lustni.mon, to form teachers of natural
history for the whole kingdom. The plan was com?
pletely worked oat an*' adopted by Matteuool and sev?
eral others among the drat scientific men of Italy.
Filippo de Flltppi especially did everything be could to
bring lt tnlo play, and talked about lt, aa he told me, wi h
King Victor Emanuel during u bunting party. Mat
teaect afterwards left tbe Ministry. Fillppt ami be are
dead. Tbe tate of tbe project Ib easily to be understood."
Hms wrote Yogi to Dr. Dobro, while the Utter was
building tbe now famous station at Naples. In 1871
Yogt, Intereoted by certain arraageuimiis ol tbe Aus?
trians at Trieste for public instruction, agata strove to
realise bia views on thc ncacssitlra and wants of scien
Irfie investigation. In tba above-mButtoned lotter to
Dobro be says: " I worked out a fresh project, and
made rather special c*_lonlstloDs on tbe money neces?
sary for a-e?cutli_g lt, and sent all tbls to tbo Austrian
Minister ot Public Instruction, Yon Btnibuiayr. i ad
c-reseft-d at tbe some lime Gegenbaur. Haeckel and yon
to approve of my views. Ton bobs me, besides,
a letter from Darwin, who applauded much
your own pian for oreotlng a station, aud bad oven
otiertd a subscription for it. I added all the-e letters to
ay memorial, wbleh mtfortunotcly bad tbe same lato
aa tba Italian. Hti-ehuinyr left the Ministry before lie
?tonie) do tho least thing lur tbe plan which be thought
taccodlBgly valuable."
THE NAPLES LABOnATCRY.
PjM of What Carl Yogi planned to cany ont at Naples
Anton Dobro bas accomplished ? but the Audersou
School, sngHBBted by iSbMierond organized hy Aguasiz,
so long as lt lived moro nearly reallied the Ideas of
Vogt than baa tbo Naples station, although the latter Is
Ute o)dest,niost extensive aud highly indlvlduaiiscdspeo
SSBB of ino EuropsoB typo of Button. Dr. Anion Dobro
ls? German Datie-raUst Irom Slelliu; nod was for some
years a privet docent la the nalvcrslty at Jenn. In tbe
hunter of ItOo-'Ou bo waa e-gaged In ?mhry uasgloal otad
tta, wita Dr. Mikle-eho-ektaoiay. eat Meaaina. whore tho
'.tnt triad to found a pot-MUient statioo. Palling ta thia,
bob rn planned the Naples station, in entire ignorance
g Bftat Yest Bad ot**r*on*br attaiupiodi aad Maolay
fruitlessly nrged upon tbe Russian naturalists the estab
llhhment ot a station on tbe Black Sea. Dobro Bet oner
getteally about the reaHaatlon of his plan fora pernm
naot station when European geologists gould bave
every facility for tte study of tbe flora and fauna of tbe
Mediterranean under their normal conditions of
life, and soon enlisted tbe foremost of Eng?
lish and German biologists In " Its snpporL
In response to Dr. Dobro's request for their moral sup?
port, tbe British Assoclailou for the Advancement of
Science, at its Liverpool meeting, In 1870, constituted
Professor Rolleston. Dr. ..elater and Dr. Dobro a com?
mittee for tbo foundation of zoological stations in dif?
ferent parts of the globs. Tbe German Government In?
structed tts dij.liin.a_ic agents tn Italy lo lend their sid,
and later granted bim a subsidy of $1,000. Tbe Italian
Government coded, as a alto for the bonding, 8 plot of
ground In the fsmons Yilla B*ale, or City Park of
Naples, on the shore of the bay. Hero was erected,
within 100 feet of tbe ecu, and chlelly through Dobro's
own contribution of nearly $40,000. a stone building
forty feet high, and covering an area of 8,000 squore
feet Tbe building was begun before the Anderson
.School was thought of, but was not ready for occupancy
till some months aftor the dose of the first session ut
Penikese. On the lower floor ls a groat public aqnarinm,
while lu tbe upper story are the library and the various
working-room*, furnished so as to afford, without
crowding, twenty working-tables, with all necessary ap
purienances, sue ii aa aquaria, Jars, shelving, etc. Tho
stat lon ls open tke vear ronnel, but is iblefly fl) quent cd
In the Winter. Dr. Dfltrn has lhere Ir-Uued n star .1
ists as bis BSSMianis; its sources ol revenue
aro admittance foe. to the public aquarium,
rent of tables, two scientific periodicals, aud
tb? sale of co'hoilous and specimens. A line working
hbraiy has beni ga*heired which ls eapeotally rich In
ciillir.rOlOgtcal literal OR". Many Of lilt* greg! Oe
book-nouses gave it fun cot- or their BMto_lea] pableesa
llonB. and anmeroos learned soeieties, sneh aa the tsO*
ologieal Hocietv ot Loudon, the Royal Acnde-niles of Co
tit-uiiugeu, Nttpies anil Bcrllu, nud our omi Smith
Iustituuon bave contributed liberally of [heir pabllca
l.on..
Scientists were qn'ck to avail tl.cmsclves of las ml
vaatago* ce.iieei'i.-iiteii nt Maples. Before tbe station
was opened nearly all thc tabled were leased tiydlfTereul
European Governments am! universities. Dunn.- Mn.Cb
lind li ni, l_e70, ibero were eighteen natural! ts wors
lug (siiuuliHt.i ini.lv nt lin* .station. Be iore 1874 ii was
unusual for so many as tire naturalists to Work al Ns
pies iu n year ; but thirty-five had vinni! the "lu
thai purpose vb. ii, ui me rinso ot lbs firs! yi ar's wei ie,
Dr. Dobro gave the Inaugural address April li.
Of the tht.tv-flve.four were from England, five from
FToUaad. fourteen from Oormany, three .rein Ansi nc,
six from Rus.-ua and three from Italy. lu the following
exirmet from Dr. Duhru'a inaugural addres.. the aim ni
tbe oew zoology aad flic end bad In vlcw.uoi only tn tb ?
estsbUsbment ot the Naples station, bm ni*** ol
wbieh havesinoe arisen Ib Oe**many, France, Anstrla,
Kii'sia ami se.eil in-i, ara expressed : " Even ll ?", every
crab,oTBry medusa ls the resull or a long proe
tit'Vi'iopineiii which we hove to trace anti Hie del cnn tau
tion Of Wlllcil Hie/, ii'lii'-ical Mali..ii is ititi -nile el to I.i
eilitiite j that isitspuipt.se; ii was for tbat end I bu.it
it."
HOIS1IM AI.e-'.XaMK'IS AGASSIZ AT NEWPORT.
In this eouniry liu Halted States Flan Co ta ul*
uiaiutiiiiicd, for one e>r mon SOBSOBI iit 1 a:tons oinls on
tl:e const, laboratories for carry int: tin Its own speoial
wini,-. The nearest approach to the Baropean model is
the private' labnralory of Mr. Alcxatider AsasstS, Who
rueoceded bis father ns the e inaior of Hie Mu-t >itti of
Comparative Z.oloir.v, as elneotor ed the And
Behool, nnd os the lott maa*. American Bmbryutontst,
Every Sammer since tue _?'?<> -in_ of ttie Peiedkose labora
toriea be has Ind one or more young biologists working
willi im ni at Newport. His new laboratory will bccoui
mudate eight wolkara, and has boen upon two lei
Its situation ni thc miranee ot Nair ? I* an
exceptionally advantageous one. rpori fslund
and tbo neighboring iboras onus ti tu te lin only rocky
district iu tho series of sandy beaches stretching ainag
onr Eastern eoast sontb ftem Cape eOod. lt ls doubtful
ir there i?. ? zoological laboratory ai li* stea li. tbe
woilel in which every neel ottilie work r Sh been so
carefully, elegantly and completely mot, li is only a
Hummer statioo, aa Mr. Aaasala's Winier residence is In
Cambridge. In his renort to the president nnd fe
of Harvard for l-*.77-'78 lie says: "Ever sin
Biasing of the- soboul at Penikese lt ons lieeti my hope ie
replace, at least iii ii somewhat di_T*rpui direction, Hie
work which might have hoon carried on lhere, i was
impeveslble for tue to eBiabliao a soboul . n so I ira* te
seale, bat I hope by giving facilities ;o ii few artvai)f*e**d
student* from Ihe Museum and teachers from ? in pob
lie -chools, to prepare lulls by Utile e. small number of
teachers who will have hail oiitionunltio. for | i
their studios otherwise anattalnal le."
Tlir JOHNS BOPKI*IS INIViif-lTV LABOBATOIlT.
In tho Sprlu*. ol 1878. tho trastoefl of the .loins noo?
kina Untvenlty, la Baittui'ir.', eaaaeni d i> tbo Bstab
liiliment, as a brandi of the Btalofti.*Bl Departmeai cir
the university, or nn experimental eranie laboraiery
for the study of the ssarros soology ie: CBcsats ate li ,v
This e-nterpriso was sBaestved, orgaalsed and conti
by Dr. W. C Braehs, waa baa ban eounceted witbtbc
university since it first crpeaed to 1676, u asaoclalo iii
tin- Biological D.;i>arl.u'"iit. of o Inch Dr. II. tl. If Brita is
ihehwul. Tba Socre'tury of Wat,at lha insiuoeo eif Ihs
late Professor Henry, and ..r Prof?us Hal rd. granted
lha nea at tha Inaomploted .tort Weal, ut tkBBWBthof
Hampton lina i.s. The fort is nu aa irttllcial Ul tad,
six acres in extent, mad** by droppraa smalts btoeki
into the water ; it ls titree mil! I Irom one illara, half as
fa. from the other anel twenty miles from Mb ocean. A
sirong current rans ciose to tin- wall of thc lort, uni)
thus carries fifteen or twenty luihis of water pest its
walls at each turu of t!ie tide, bo that free swimming
iiniioals and eiuijr.io'"N wei'e ..'et jin.i'el. rn radlesi van
ety wllhoutleaving the-lott. Ten workers wen atone
tune or auoiiici" iiuiiii,- ibo gammer in attoudaaoo, A
majority of them werj roiiuc-cual willi the en Iv >rsltjr,
ihe rest were sci.nil laaebsn. No leoMue eooraaa wire
tlvcn ; but thc work was se Bendite! ?! au to aciMi.ipligli
four objects; viz.: tn furni-h mtv.mee'. BtMdOBts with op
portonltas for orlalnal lnveatlgatloB; lo provide m_le
rial ror Winl-r T\ork ie the nnlver-ii'y : to enable !? i
iieiviince i stadenti to boaouM acquainted with rorms of
lil.-whiehcan oniy Im-.luelle.i ui the seosboro, and to
give iiie*"!!! an opportaalfy to become practically a"
qiteinted with tii" methods "f maiioe io I
aaa to increase aeienttfio knowledge K-gardlaa the i -
ology of Cbstapeate Bay Tuougb Um lab
occupied only eight weeks, very ei.n.-i.i.-i-?i???- .clan ti tlc
results were raocbed as is shown in Dee following ii c e.i
published papersi Land Plants foandat_*vn wool,..
B. Wcbsteri List ?f Ai.mi'i.-, ini'.n i a) Purl We oj, v. u
Uiiler; I.i vii 'jen,int c.: Lincoln, W. K. Dre.
Typus, \v. I'uxoii; Development -if Qusteropods, IV. c..
Brook s ; Develnpiueut ot Suullla, Vt. K. J;i...ij.-?; Early
Btages ol Ampbloxns, H. J. Klee. The hats ol an,ma's
and plants, thongb incomplete, are of gradi int'test bs
showing Inc rapid! iv d n li widen 'nm! animal-, a ucl pUnt I
mav gain access to a sea-girt ulla of iock?,dev.>ld of i .ci1,
except snob as was linnie from Binue-cuiteis' chips.
Though their forms of Ufo bad bera lsojatod less inan
twenty years, oar ease o! well-marked variation?thal
of a cricks*?was found. Amnnloxus, a .mail worm like
animal, devoid of a skeleton or bard parts, alnioai lit?
erally brainless, v..ti.ont ey ea or leta, r souse ort
Hie lowes! representative ot the ginap Vertebrata. It is
a soil of _.'i-:u*raliz d diagram or alisun -I ion ol tbe
as a iviioii*, to which ten- blgberanimals and utan bel mg.
Pi*ovloii.s to 1878 Un.- only places un Ibis alie of Ibo Al
l.intlc wiiero Aiiiphloxua wus known io exist, were the
Bermudas ami the North Carolina hmm! j t li .? -;. - -
Bowery ol it in tbe ciiesaiauikc Hay loaders it aeoesalbie
to American uatuiulMts. Luclier trpus ls clo?
set toed by Dr. Paxon us a cms act sn i.e loiif-lng
io a spi-clt** ui;tl .ens jrcvaiitly ni In.wu Ul
American waters. Or ihe Hue e embtfologleal pupers l.y
Dr. Brooks in thc above list that ott i/iv ula lt tbe laos!
lu pnriiiat. The Llngiiln ls a small uminal which ls
found fossil In slmcsi the eariledit rosstltfereiiis rocks. It
is a very remarkable exception to tbe law thal toruis
eet life, like lndlvldnals, have ii lliuiied durattoo, wi.n h,
geologically speukin^, ii quite short. As rar us we have
evideueo it ls tl.o oiliest animal now living, nml almost
ibo oarllSt Whloh ls lound ns a fosol). Dr. Brooks SQo
ce.eded iu iraclng Its development Irom a very early
stage to the Hmo of appearance of most of it.", adult
characteristic*.
IMI'OKIANT W0I1K OR CHE. AP KARI'. BAY.
Last Hun.mer Dr. Bl ashs bad with hun at tbo Chesa?
peake laboratory eleven workers, several, as before
being from the university. Tbe chief work of th. sassitm
was the lnvt-tlgal itu luto the develeimient and Babita
of tbo oyster. The United Slates and Maryland Pub
CommlSSlOUs COOpcrateO willi tier utit-ri-r.lt v to v.arr.1 the,
Isboratory and dredging tutllt. m-veu weeks were
spelt at cCrutleltl. thu centre or the oyster trade of tha
t-BKterii shore i-t Maryland : and four weaks wore passed
at Port-Wool. Very satisfactory work was dune. Hr. H.
P. Clarke, of tbe Johns Hopkins University, determined
thal most of tbo by druids which occur lu the bay are new
to science, and made valuable niuei vatlons on their
struclure and manner of growth. Dr. Blrgey, of
ths University ot Wisconsin, made u very
oomplete stuffy of tho ? embryology of two
genera eif ciaos, and ?ttcur_si a complete series
of dtawlngs showing eaob appendage at each stags nf
development. Dr. Brooks aad Dr. Migs bugall the
study or tl.e development ot the edible- -rab, and Miss
E. A. Nunu, Professor et Biology lt. Wellesley Psniaie
College, studied the development of cteuophorin, K. lt.
Wilson, Fellow of tiio John Hopkins revised, thc ciiaiigu
of Acil-eotracha PboronJe, Dr. Brook* ebtalnett n ve ry
oompletoseries or stsgos in tho ilevclopmsn t of thoH.jui.F:
gained mfuruiatlon upon a number of ol_ecun- lsuuu in
molluoi--i.il devi lopiueiit, and roaoheel very uiiexpecte-.t
and 1 ui port uv t mulls regarding the development and
artificial propagation of tl.e American oyster. Thus tut
only tho resoarobes on the oyster have been punilaaed,
but papers relating to tbe above noted observations ure
In preparation or in ..rosa. The oyster paper In frill, with
ten piste .iay be lound lu tue " lteport of the Ce.muns
si uersol Ptsuerids tor Harv land," recently publisiieei;
aud abstract* of the erieutibe results of tbe tBTesllra
tiou have recently apivued tn The American Journal of
Boienot and Arti, and tbe Zitolopitth* Anseiger, ol Lcip
tlo.
The general reader may be interested to know that
the Amerlcaa oyster is sharply dlsHngnishrd from her
_-_riepe_<__j oonstn. While tire latter stays e-iilrtiy al
borne In the muutie -chambur ot lb*. materiiMl parent.
the foi niei, having rushed lUioiu-h borexx ?tieg?M In tx
tow hours, as a tren and ine-spcnueui Individual, rang..-)
at large lp the open .sea, ae-klug a aaUlement.
Tbe American oyster mar lay eggs wnou a year old,
aaa an average specimen ls sala to tay mme time* na
many as tbe average Kui-opran ot that ilk, thtiigh the
latter lays something over a million eggs In a season.
Though Ihe chances are more thuii a million to one that
any snide European embryo will not reach adult life,
ibe preBBpocts of a brief and joyful cartier are gloater fur
tbe American bivalve); still Dr. Brooks'* exuortwsnts
show that tho latter's average expectation of life and a
market may bo Tastly lnereaaeid. as it mar be easily de?
veloped tn ao aqnarratn, and thoa safely carri id past
ta* most precarious part of tts Itfe and freed Cram alf tao
graet-ot aangars which hasot tu youth.
MuoouiBged by tbe eminent Bureen or tbs ObesspeaVe
Laboratory, ibo Husrtsea of tbe Johns Hopkins Univer
slty barra iatarail-rra to aBtabtaib, aa an mps Haunt tor
ikreei ya ara, a rassffls IBboraswy whiok atall jm ????
ihroagnow thB7B-r. It la frapastd to emu a bclh-aag
at Borne point on the sn eire of the bay or on the poost
sooth of the copes of Virgin!.*, Which shall afford living
and lsboratecy aecemmodatlona tor savao woroera.
Dr. Brooks rs to select the sim for tho station and
to be ita scientific dlreetor. Work-ara from In?
stitutions other than tbe Johns Hopkins will prol*
sbly be Invited to oral! themselves or the station.
A suitable site ls now mular consideration, and it ls
are liable that the ctatlon will he ready for occupancy by
tbe 1st of June nexr. This step ls in ndve_ne? of any
AmsDcan oollejge or university. Abroad, however, the
universities of Vienna, Lilley tho Barbonno. ot Paris,
Aberdeen, and New South Wales already maintain per?
manent marine laboratories.
Hen) agnin, in the aetleen of tbe yomge't of American
universities, not opened till nearly lour years after
Agassiz's death, can bo traced his qnlokeiung itiflunnce;
for lt ls a noteworthy fact thut Dr. Uroona received his
zoological duration under Aga.siz lather and Agassia
son, at Cambridge, Penikese nnd Newport.
THE H VD?6n~E1VEETUNNEL.
JlOW THE WORK IS ADVANCING.
DimCCTTlKB AI.P.KAI)Y OYhKCOMK?TUE We)!.K OK
TBK NKW-jr.ittiKY SBOBK?WHAT TUB COMPANY
BOPE8 TO ACCOMI'LI*--!.
Although tin- jirojeit of tunnelling the North
Hiverhnd often boon piopcasd, aad Its imporisuceln pro?
moting the tirosperity of both Jersey City and New-Yeerk
Bad been discussed ofteu, no ilt-flnite move waa mado
taward a realization or tbe scheme tint lin company eniu
poe?d principally of Californian* aud called ibo Hue-eon
Tunnel Company was Started, with a capital of ten
in il li on .-*. Ths company wis incorporate.! lintier the
gcnnnil laws elf the States e.f New-York ami NV*-"-Jersey.
tba provident of the eorporatlim ls DuWllt C. Hoskin.
Ia Novsmber, 1S7S, tbs wert of boring Ihe bottom ol
the North Kivei'to tie depth to be rca.il.'.I tey tho tun?
nel was begun, and In ii year was eieioplcie.
A circular working shaft llilriy (eel ll) ili.'imotcr aad
'iiy-iiie feet ll Crptb wes lita begun Ito feet I
Piiireiuii-si. la J'fey city- Afltr lt bad laen siin
tiYcnty feat tbe wort was Hopped by Injunction on the
suit of do Delaware, Lackawanna and Western Kali*
road Company, Tb ( which delayed tbepro
| ii .cv, i two v.-*; -. bi lng Dnally terminated in favor of
inn il Company, all iis cl i stab
. .nd ti.ee ii.ee..-,ii) legislation I irom
wort '.vhs m.m. ii
rosemed, nml in paabuig torw.t??l uaw ss rapidly i
hii.ie -i) ih.. i.i.i oi a Minute ol machines patented by
Mr. li...ioil, lill' Ile .-iti-'ii; eei lin- coi..p.ile y. ?-"-ie. I
io be ..ii '? tn complete Uiii loni e! al mm ?.
linn) an. siaiii.ii-., ii Ls bein wi tbe aapital
or (eHO.OOO.000 wil '"lo-i?. ns ie. exp
coil, i-ii ims, caissons, or ? ls ~ til bc reejairad.
". ie ni'i i ductioii il I air Into the lace uf Ihs
tunnel, wbleh waa declared bj revernl sch ni inc nu n to
be Impossible, with sufficient pnaanrc m u
ii-, di aaler, was a gre ir assUtanrc. rb. a*r pressure
- ? ia need to earrv barb tin- I i tbe
sorklng abait any clay, mud or water thal may .*? bo
enimi'.at.et! in thc bending during the course ol the ex.'a
vatlon. J lie mauagei -? ii el muck pleased with ihe sue
yi ie ile. Il e'en il,i ).( H.
say, e nu the ii.- n on ?? ulna noni lh?* tun nc. ic. 1 itel bad
effect Irnm their eonflnruient. "Webave ned bod one
cii'ii." sic ul Hie foreman, ?' of any sickness arising from
th, underground contlnemi nf. Then . e ne
. i.i. and thal bat ? ihi e umu with
whom some of ibe men board. Bbc raid. 'Their appe?
tites bave been ietciva.cii ii'ii-ieiiii sines Hie V ia vc beea
__0WB II! tlje-* il Ila"
A maehlae for tbe Introduction e.f electrlo lixbi was
racclvcel . ind will i> immediately got
re'inly. Ibis wilt _ue_i*i the work considerably, aa lbs
wax randles \vijI- b ;ere* nov." u-ed at a coal cd s-I ii day
afford a v.'ry poor light
Tberowllll.,iri>. a yardin which ini.!.:. will bs
ni.tlii"' leliire.l f|....i titi' Iel' ia ia! eli iri'llt til'' lilli' la.
timpani v.lli save by ibismennB,lt ls nsseried,
til itt mi every ibc-usnud bricks i.-cel. When on.
la'.e.^i ito e t '.noel.a itl te tis-- fae! thal there wl'l bo ".''13
.ni--.- tn i .ich tm.i.ia'.' tte..! eil Wall. Il Will be -ou Ilia!
ibo savin-wPl be Thc shell of Ibo tirane!
i '_"'.!-el Hi V.i Un ililli ll lei'. Ul bett.ll. It Will Im llf.-.i
Withe ??..:'. nf the best qiii tl ti of brick "iud roiiienf,
tu:,-:- iee' ml ... i n- i;. i-ii..;-v.-i.li ? painted will
Will bo lighted ui.lt gue, J ie- etiti.n.ia- in J.t-.-t- Lily
Will ' ?' llie IT. .1-1 -eV- Ve., |
.tc rstesid tiie--.ii-- tc. Hudnm-at. mid the ?
it.I' ii r-, I ; l:. t.tiller th. live:-, eurvlng rive ili
northw if., lo thc '? i III r, ni ur
l-l If ile- ill ll tel Mill Uti- i., ..I.elli ft 111.f; I lief co,
curving alight ly southward In Mew-York. bIhiui
fc.-t i.e a |iii,ir ii) te- ilrcie-.l liv ibo elly nutn.it lu ..
i l i.s idu in nm : "ct.iic
.nriMiing .r.eiii terrey Ciu. then osoendini
York rid-three In 1*00 iee) for l .wai reel, .'rom that
))Xd.|| till" BBCSIM Vlltl l'l' 0*1 ttl gi Ul- of ITT.l ill I))') ? ? ?
lo the New-York end. The grrutreri itaptkoi Hmwatet
i.i Hie i.v r il lost of I lie .nilli in cf tnt*
rv r ti d ls rompoe ans slit, nneie?l*id ley
n rd ? - ii-1. int-inti, lena li Vf 111 ne alHrtit 18.O00 feet.
ill ll lt. Jll.eiUl celltl latlee I'llll- f illl' riV) T Ililli i'l..ll' '
quartets vf o mile eipein each side. The wort will ebnrtly
tie ii _u- .mm tbe Nc*.-York ?.'?te, und will !>?? iimseotit.'d
from ImiHi banns at toe Bane rime, a* ra m -
lu- "k". ; " .? .lt I'llll'IV -t'.-uec I -lt . lil I
plo -t. a oar? in excavating and lajleg brick*. Tlie
gat'g* will tie .-liiii.tr 'I :..eiir-. TlutS) by
i. ;? ? ? i i vere '.we ni i
h..ni-, Ibe ...cr., ci I- bell, uni, caa be aelvauevd
Irom . ;.t ii' co : -, ? - ., tai in ibm caa'
ii -ni i. ? . , ?
penetrated ut cr m a dist a iee ur sixty-fly c
r*rt.
At til." fe- -",?'. Him e., ?
ny will I'.- : bli" :ei ie*- ? passe e.- t,
.j. rn t e v.,, wi la ni .- lange ti.. mit _,
Isl. laUel I ..'ie rn Biosdway. i .' - il . . hal
mora iii. . i'') tr..:n e.- e-iii - o' ula ?- ps eel tint .
twanlj id unit trace i
. ir!..' IU el ft,i.;. Al) .1 I] ..I Hf ,-, ; |
uadui ie . laity lui the pm poet ? 'fl
sum their own steam anti uickc. \ powerful i
will '? sort forcing air imo Hie? int mel i
USUipiMiy r\:ii,l I.e lian ll.e ' eem.'.
?-.-I.
MR. DICKERSON'S MODEL llOl'SE.
rvs.-: with Will ti ;n;: vakmcs aPTM
C '.'.\ r.Mi.X. K AND . 'I il Oi I Ai.:
1) it.
A few days ago a letter wan rtccivit] Iiy
t.ii. ''.'iiiiii,m. irom a corr -.-?.!. m.., ie- r.irlulorn.a
tl.Ill ns I.e ile,-., j:. \. Die k . -O.I (Wi I. 1
'iii:;,.-r-eiuii.-i. wmlulntttdy dimrribcd in lin. rain
ont ol Maret lil) kop! the i arti ue spplianci s ror ue it
lag, lighting ano rantilanug kia hon. o in working ?
?? Does he havi- an engineer ?irh assistant* I" asked
ihe correspondent. "In mos! lutx*' houses iveti
. n ordinary hot-air furnace In tho cellar r.qmrca a man
peelall] to attend to tt Alouehfirom Um* rook, be
mani or liars., wuuiil pond se tbo machinery in Kr.
Dickerson's boase, and atheirangh 'Betting io nj, us
would destroy it. Uowand whmedoes be gel tl
Midgenoo and mined espertueae I ? q* mable I"
[aorder to obtain Mr. Dickerson's answer tn <
eiueolloits, a ipmuir saiv him rectally .len le
"Tits mau wlioatwndsiiiine farasco is an oki Iii b
whom I pay fSamoatb. Tins maa also take* caro of sev
er.tl other tires lu the iiflg linn liiioit. Hs repienisbe. thc
tiro tliien Hint's a nay, luouiiii-.", ii on and ulgbt. iii
man doesn't kl.tia one .-ntl of ai: .CUgme fe nu : j. iclie r,
and dneen't know what a steam bo.l r means. Ibo Ure
ls alwj_.ii sato,aod require* .c-.s euro ibsn thai In a
bot air ftiriinec The b il i pipe s an lr-d automat I
from a (.'roten pipe, ?o thai io ira is nedaager of .<
of iTator. Attar being used as steam ins wetai ic
breniglil tuck into me Inuit r ley tito Al'.an/ trap m
r*tigom.ut, uml thin ls use-d ovor ai_uin. So you
see tii? s.iiii* waior ls used to generate
steam over auel ovoi and ovor airaln. Tinii. ls no waste
ezeept perhai* wlieiu tue pipes ure Imperfectly Jointed,
aini taere ls u ursnt saving Ol lUel.becaUM lYli.'it u is it:
turuu.i io mo ifiiiei ibu __i_r in jn t ut ihat tempera
tura wliuro ste-ain b*gtiis to mrui. You tlin.ii; far,- Mee
tool which U generally tveiuireil lo bout cold watt r ii." wlv
|ttiriej,ril lu io Him .1 :.'n gcueiating |ioliit. I'M sallie
Wrtwr cnn !>? H-.-.1 nit WiiiL.-r. us tb? lc- ik:.i... is all li. it
Isloai. Tho tti-o-pole is a lui: ouie, so Mut Ilia lire
win last a long ituie. and require* only a Utile cora, ihe
principle upon willona proper farnnce fur a private
boase shoniei ii* managed i? to hi va a very lierrTn amemnt
of fuel naming un lui h1o\t Bomlautioa. _ei ibm it will be
eimugb to look aflur lt say twice a dar. Usually people
have furnaces with nuiall cbambers in' whica, of cvurae,
tbo coal burns fant, and tao lire constantly nus tu bc ra
jelenl.ii.nl. My coal tbls Winter liss cos; maoaiyfPS,
and I shall hnve io buy ouou-di mora te mage tbe ex?
panse ol li.?tiijg thu hoiiso until wann WBOlOer comes
about ^120. iii" "-li-vaioi" runs by water power,
" I ovoid i. M you Tonio funny stories iliii-tr.iting tho
' lulolllgcii.o ' of the, Inihuiiiu who alteuils to the lire.
We line) a Hiinilioi' holier in tho oilier linus.', an.l after he
had found ...ii bow ibo utile; Btop-cooas work wblcb let
the ?uleef imo tb* gloss gaugB, and nail le.n,,od mat by
fciTeWii.g tho lowe r ont. Ujt lia conni keep the waler IB
thu g.tugu iii long ns ho wunted io. the Irishman said
. -'Ah, siistlitii. i've tim bock knoll on tbe
wutb-r ni that blier now. lean boiel the walbor inst
Where I wm.i to."
The ri gu lal iou of the temtsTainn i j nude r llie nrdl
nary Ocieiti'o! abd can li* lii-uiigui ai'dn by tbosiuutlng
or otaming of tho registers. Wu bave nt addition to inls
icu ali.e.m..lie clee-'rii-ii! isnttrol ot the swinging dampen
hy wtilcb un- pui-eiiii'i airi-un Ik. nlraoiad te?rdivoreed
flinn the. enl.s en sti'aui p pt s. Taisisiho weirs eef u,. tlior
nmsta, wnle-ii tttiouiatii-ai.y swings tbes? dampers te the
rtgbt or iori if tue tnmjioi aiurei v_iK"s even t-ro-teutli or
atlegie-e. Tho electric, air** ore embedded In tae walls,
anel tl.ejars are in aprlva n room eluvited ezdiuively
tn this purpose. Of calli's ?, lust as iii tbo ossw ot blirglsr
alarms whiciiiiruiii Borania usn the smnnssfid operation
af tblsBieejtrleal machinery depends nisin itu beiug left
sieine. ir the cook or the eur. "i-f maid breaks a wire* lu
tbe Ikius* lt ls uo urgataoiu Mj.jUi.eit mo use of eleotrielty
my mom than lt Dould bu ir, tin. eas. of a broken
leurglur slsrio. Home day or other electricity will bo
u*era in all good house's as a valuable servant, rennin
Hill gradually g.iaprscileal knowlodgo ni its workings,
uiu eleeirtcal apporatua wUI not be a novelty iu a
private house.
" Tb* great steam power that w generated ls used to
ventilate tim boora, cau_lug au upward current of
heated air."_
The new pair of -hone caine homo for little
ll re-years-old. Ha tried tm_u on, and Untiing ibat ult
taut ware In very close quarters, exclaimed: "Oniyl
iboy are so tight I oau't wink my toes."
Tbe ffirla in his native village were lighting
tbe candles lu tbe trout parlors au.i pniii.g duwu tae
bunda aad the Excelsior boy reported linit *? tbe ____a_U_t
_f night were failing fast"? I Sew -Orleans Picayune.
THE CUBAN INSURRECTION.
ie m
WHAT THE nreUBGEirrS ABE DOING.
A COBYEBSATION WITH THK ACTINtf PBI8IDSNT Of
TUB CUBA5 COMMITTE- IB THIA CITY.
Seftor Joae Marti, who acta as president of the
Cuban Committee of thia city during the absenoe or
Oeuirnl Garcia, was ealled npon by a TB-BOWB reporter
at his ofllee, No. 48 Brood-st, recently, and spoke as
follows concerning Cuban affairs s
" Certain Cubans have been intervleved by Tire Tnm
cire reporters, hut they wara not able to give tbe troo
facts, be. anso they como from tbe Western side of the
island, where, by the care of tho Government, reports of
tbo progress of tbe war oro not allowed to be made
public; and even wben the people do learn tho facts,
they refrain from talking about them through fear.
Seflor Valentino Benito ls reported to have said: 'All
those wno took any port in tbe demonstrations In former
years against tho Spanish Government are aeratnst re
newing tho Dtieinpt. They lost too inuoh money, and
seethe impracticability of the plum' That isamla
take . all are not tired of lt. Some profess to bo tired of
lt because they huvo inst theft fortunes by it; others be
eanss they nave not courage to take up arms, and there
are somo who do not want to soe othors succeed where
they havo failed. Tho poverty, too, that many eif the
revolutionists have suffered make* lt necessary for them
now to devote nil their OMfgles inward obtalulu* asnb
... Thiie arte many, however, who Bro enthusi
y In favorof thc war, and neither mon nor money
win ive laeklBg far its pr. sswitioa.
'? Che Spaniel) Government hag ttfB political policies,
oi.c for ihe lia-! nutt thc oilier for tho West side of tbe
Island. On too iVe et snlf, tho Cubans, who are tired of
thi' war. an- apparently proteet. d by tho Govoranieut lu
a a lt fe art Ihat the progress of thu revo?
lution, with a nev,- emigration tram Cuba , would bo very
ii:iii_T.ini-i twits inin"-"I-. aadboeaaas executions and
penishnients would alarm ths p opie sad ii ? jte-n
red. Oa tbe Bast side, where the rev
ti'i'v, tbs Government pur
Mies, pei strut'.i. in.pi'.."ii-., c xii'.e or kills till of UM
?t ,,t men who took pori In the lirst movement.
meat steamers noni Cuba aro filled with
tv men o.- m.lit try men who arete active in
revolution, and young men who have lately en*
ito ibo movement Bul Inc Gu vernon ai keeps
? .pie ot the West ale! nd lo Ignewaoeool
bappe n.. mi lin l. i-i side, sa ? m ana of ell atoii
Itiug the revolution hy treating it as a matter of tnstff
mflonnee, ua won hy of notlee, thinking thereby to pre*
vein : iuganyeutbustasmtuthe
minds of thc pi .plc Thc fear of tito Government i; sn
grant, however, lha! ii employ a numbers of spies, somo
rn lt ii mitali .- even III this city. We have not
publicly sioli'.tn nt um w..rk since tba lirst
- til.- foi..'ir revolii.lou, elldii.g DB*
. iras I. .ti iijlit of and Ii tim il as a
trivial tiing. We wished to present this iiu.vc_u.ni us it
\ci i" nts attempt, wortby of sympathy.
?? .'? is mn tim , as liai been stated, tb.it tbs common
fe hi: in Cuba I-, f.'ivi.i-lille to its annexation lo tho
tates, .me nt tin. rcasoiui for the aoival war
necessity ol _u.tut>lishlu-_ free commereial
relation* wite. tic- Doited states: Inn Ute mercanUIe uni
uni relation* tei tia ronntrhs* can Ik* reached w:lk
eui r. poIIHomI union. Tboee Cubans who favor .
id . so because they want liberty and comfort with
pvi'iniiuinevtrial*eil ..er. rv ?'.? '..au; torccura
tre-i ?*.->'11 In ? . "leiici. without tin
expenditure ol blood or moner, Borne of t bein are too
cowardly io H_rht, and others, whose wealth ls protected
Isl) 0 viaiiimiit, speak asmus! tuc revolu?
tion i ml 11 s.-; ...it it inrc.iir,'h /rai of losing tins Wealth
...mni i "i i a pi i el.
it which was reported by tbo corrtsponde nt of
tie- iMcinio itt In Mirilla is absolutely incotiect. Tho
e nm "e-.? ae ).- ? n emil.ir ? witera the
I.eeVe-l lita tel lt -Iel. a V'tll iel Ite |0..lT. :i-l! al ll)' I llO
iaitreiiii'-, telegraphs and Hmso Cubans who fenriobe
again si li, are unfanned aad bib ullin.ned with Ibo re?
volutionists in tiie: K_ut. Iii tbe C.iiiiaguci. as all thc
preintut'Ul .eil ??> te killeel in tb* Hist war, and ths
alu nf hnssiuoe been nrr aollve, tbs revoliilon
exists, t iou _di .nu .. peiwcWii i.va-jii tbe?__st. In ti,a'
; ll'.i" I ill! I calle el l"ll|.e Villas fill' I'll VciUtilUI IS
|ini)ifill, BlibongbsonrarHavana, 'lli-r volution!***
ec.'in.bai tin enies Reroniieis nnd Banotibpintos
c t-t. inn-- m. -y iiav.. a . iel arm* and i.rovtsloa*. Xh"i
I ii buns ure tune i .'nun uni. I ie. Francisco Carrillo,
who wus prominent in tbe His) war. Colou, n deport?
ment tneu.y or uir i i.-ogm-s irom Havana, is now ilia
. "ii dall: ? il _-.it i ii,-, i a ?? i -to .i"",/.;e|. r, ir.ol li- r
.; i! ? Uri war, Las oc-itpi >.i t n.i t "ii- r; e i i m-1 brae
me nr. s. Uioitjib relies led ettorta bave be. u made to <lis
|..i!, i- ulm.
"ie exact number of 'eur soldiers eaanot easily be
ilelenalueel. lieoiij. i un ? ne, Uoucada, Lim
le.i'ao, .-lille in/.Hld .lee ,? .| e cc ali ced e lite i s?I ml.-ai e
ti mi ii Usneral Biuneu
. . e- Lill eui. -. I la ni..ci. ll.e" re-Veelllll.en ju iilO
re inonu,- ago. lie* sc eil,'eil.:t.tl ni bil soldier*,
ni ti divided Hie n mn d.'taclim. uer-, tei roi mw nini ii .'it
im- rav.dutloni ?-...-.> where. T. * Hpauish seem mrs du)
1" 'Ul V dill e Ve | ) li, n- ta.'.)' ClHllii lin, ililli, ni
Hie iml, ep-ti' tbe e .iiniii, admitting
? ? cannot ? ai i'>i in thal manner of war, rna
ceeiomiteie.iiitni beti* ce li Bil
Ittiiie..-, eia i arc wort, ing iwcoiber lu perfect hnrinimy.
... have been quairading among
tl.i-i.if-t .. . . 'iiiietl. This revolution ic a
I I .' -i?i-l ccf i ne ssllv, ami.
i|U ..I IbeWtTuI le-le l ?;,. s. li.llliV It I V'-llt i Icillc.iiS
, .h. .un iii cu 11. T.n s ? e nous wbo I'.si thai kuismeu
hui ? li- i" ...ne.led to ini,._: i.i frii nd
their uppr. * ts. i_u.li r-, who nail Heil io
? i i e . i.e et-f. ??; ;|-I tm-;,., .uni (.in-*.- u-eio
? ni iin- Mpsuutb i.ovoni
? . b.lVi li -V .-i been tittil lied, tl.Ve" their
lilia loll- BU I l et uri) !?? C. ma, .nc n nv bark ie-.* IIB, wi' ii
. '.e. e. i ir.ie.ei e " ve e...., _,,,- ie ... ie.- < is ,., . e e>. ve 1 .1
?I tin.al.) en. . i"miii iver*.
.- r i'i ..'i island ai.ii priuotiiol
Itlou it. ::, . I.iii ? ev,:.i
- ?; - an.u i lpn f lou v. ..nt. ci >es not come,
innot light, iei*o ey.
-u.ai .a.ti" il.-i.i-i witera ib'-y
lilli, JICj . .... -e.."l_- Tl"..a-.I If J:. UKI
1 i . , t| i ii , i- li J i ill c lin hay.
r ? ? will ls i.oaug i cane,
, i.e i ir-sigbled mun ira! ie rad
* I cf lippi, e. li.. ll . u .' paill-Il 1 III.-, so.
til) Mill IU I'I ce -ll- ill C I'f ll I* I'll.-I 'li, ll: 11 1.1 111 I- i.e IS
; e i.iur.il ilu* -i. i.mi nut* soi mi ioni tuc rev
? ??- i.i oil.- v y are beCOUll lg
? t.iz-- ii their Pi.-.-.,,ic .it
i i n";:i) Cabin) tiiic.ii. ttud --'iiil moasigu coustaully
tu a i i i.cee I.t- ci ii inure."
Ai iii auyti.iiig ii-yonil tii] , ntpartlealarsof wbatla
i .. ii- iii ?. Hell ? tlarti r lu* d to ki ve the tc parter any
ll iiltit ilif.i. Ilia.'..'., "s le I I.e; "Il l-l m.: tu. iiite-iiti.ni
.-.?ne -..--. ioi* ?? io | ..? auy h.o:iii..t mt to tbo public
? i fi i.im", i's ni-crtcr v. urgings al buj time."
>. J. sii Karil, i UtUoug i a you igf U en, hts li d au
. let nu. eaieei. Te kell Mina college :'t J1 av .na 1) lieu
nnu fniii'ii- -ie >i ni'.ni.i le.r li ivmg spoken uml written
li Qov.-ri meat, ne was scutemed by
th uoaiu-gong fora period of
six yours. Altec one year, kovrever, hs was exiled io
.-;alei torilla.-. A11 ii- leinai iini.-iii Sn.iitt int-ll ,a-yetrs j
hu eicaued and visited th." Uulted atnie* and Central
Ann.Ilea, and lt Vt a urti.' Hie Signing i,t lae Cq|_MI
pe ace- ot i'aiej.it returned tn tbo island, (woomera be
ciiiiiiiK fevo iiiioiiii.y, ne Wc sagain banished lo Spain,
where he wus tor a lime impnsunedi After hts release
ir..t.i in bob be studisd lae* ia Madrid, a here i.o rc
luaine.t iiiiiii about throe momba ago, when ho cunio
ISiates. Uo was enthuaiastlcallv re
ceie,ei*i,y the Cuban rcv'du loni itu Hus city ami ? -
leeti-d toijii-esiel.nt of rho coinmittcu rtunug (icneral
Dei! Cl I'S .Hl-'-liee-.
HASH.ISO MILLIONS IN A DAT.
HCr-SKB AT Uti: OOeVTOM BOCiR?WelitK IN' Tnt!
lAsinivR'f. orncg?bow doitm os wpom
AUK PA1I?.
There aro few beUer ineliciitioii.-i of the re
i iciivny in bJSlnsas tuan eau bs seeu at tba cash
lei'i otllce ht thS Custom House IB Walt-ec. In a small
reiom'on thc illili) Door of tito bulletins, and oeeapymg
Ibo southwoat eo.-ner or ll, tne e.isjii "i". willi a loree or
llitceu clerks, receives ult the money tor duties levied
by tbe liovernmeiit ou import.., <? xecptln_. tho small
BSMBBl BSBBSaSd on passengers' bcigitags, willoh ts oot
Icotsd so the wharf, Bomeideaof tbeamoaatof hast
' eic i.i ibis tillie.) may b.-g.uueil vi lieu it ia slated
thut the money resolved In a aingic day bas several
Hubs lately amounted to ovor tMKNMMW. aad the
sambar of entries made bas soEoecdcd i,uon. The man?
ner ni which Hil* lariiu umoual oi money is handled IS
as follows:
Thu merchant or broker's, clerk, utter Hist making out
Ills entry lu the rotunda ut tho bundine- where the
suiouut or duty is caleula!.id on ihe emry by lim eulry
shirks, lakes lu* plane iu elie lias uoforo ouo of tho re
i'"iv)li_( Clerks' desk-., and deposits tho amount ot his
entry in a sui Ul box, and with lt a ticket on which he
bas cuter, d the merchant's name witu tho dine, and the
sum IulIosi d, wliuther'ii gul.i, sliver uolos orcniuti
catf*. Oattaparoba hoaaaora assd to prevent unneces?
sary noise Irom tbe cl.liking of ibo coiu. The raosivlag
eeik lakes tbe bas of mouey and hands lt
to a teller to count while the clerk
enters the amount from the enU-y In n blotter.
Tko teller tines nut look ut tbe o'iBh ticket until hu has
counted Hie ninney and marked lt on the back of the
ticket. Ho then turns it over and if the count ls correct
Bhesha lt sad returns lt to the reoelvlug clerk, who then
signs a penult for thu delivery ot tbo good*. Tbe en?
tries then ge) to Hie book-kcopor* wbo enter the amount
of e.ech on" sheets," aud at tbe close of the day tnt)
money ls counted and compared with this icenid ol tbo
book-keepers.
Bo sarefully ls thts system carried nut that there ls
rarely a variation of a e.ni between tbs money and tbo
acconnU. aad the nBloe hos thereby gained tho reputa?
tion of bein tr moro exact than any other similar Institution
In tbe country which han<!l_s such au auiouut of money
coming in so many different payments, from ph lo
g-O,0O0. Hbould any discrepancy ooour, tho clerks oare
fully compare both sides ut tbe tickets, and then com?
pare tbe tickets with the clerk's blotter; and thoa the
blotter ls checked off with tho bookksspcr's sheets. By
somes of these methods the etsoejs nsatotn to bs jHeeev*
seed. As account Ib kspTat ectfjijaa* of nonar twp;
arately, tbe tellers can MBji?N lt ? mistake ls
mads la tbs gold, sfiyer osrtt-sS-B or notes.
When tee oom baa boen -wanted -sn* JBttt tate wraU
s*mvaBsWltlspiaoarta boms holding *W,?OC i;
gold. ThejashoMlarepatto n^nA^iKjutjatiaUui
building and wheeled to tha Sab/Eraasarr, nbahbjtXrea
a reeelpt te the Onstom House tot eaefli deposit, nearly
a ton of ooln bas to be transferred daily in --his moaner.
Aa officer, fully armeef, accompanies the porters, and
there are also armed men lu the oasblers office. Tbs
cashier. James Hoffman, who has filled tbs position for
thirty years, ls highly respected for bia long-tried
ability and careful consideration of tbs publlo conveni?
ence. The clerks and tellers ere also men of efnoleney
snd tbe reeponslbUity of tho otbee makes their potation
more permanent than that of the avenge Custom House
onlccr. T_e tellers acquire (treat skill in detecting coun?
terfeits as well ss In rapid counting. Jonie of tbe ways
of counterfeiting which como under their notice ara cu
The Chinese ta Ban Francisco are expert enongli
_ J profitable L
the eoin In a bag and gathering tbe gold dust whlob ac?
cumulates from the abrasion of tbe motel. Another de
vtoo ie to ttie gold coln across tbe edge, tbos destereylng
the raised milling. All tbe silver and nickel poms ora
counterfeited, from tbe three cent piece te tbe legal
touder dollar. They aro first stamped from base metel
and then ploted with silver. Even this thc eounterfclt
srs do not buy, but obtain by immersina sliver com in
acid, which removes from tbe oom enouah silver for tao
counterfeiter', use, while the "sweated" sliver can still
be passed at par.
Tbe cashier's offlco performs only a small portion ol
tko work of tbe Custom House in alt its branches, but-*
lt ls one of tbe main resources of the public purse, it ie
perhaps tbe most lnterestlm.. As one passes along the
dm cry corridor, ho catches sight of tho three lines of
meu cramped and crooked around In tbe little room,
boys anil gray-haired men. with their little gutta-percha
boxes full of gold ready to be emptied Into tbe capa?
cious pockets of" Uncle Sam."
JUDGE FIELIdM'IRE'OHINESE.
REVISE THE TREATY.
GIVI. TIIK CHINKS!. ONLV THK RIGHTS IB AMBMCA
which AM-.mci.N8 ape otra ik china?a
VIKVV OF TUB C1II.NK8K QLKbTION WHICH MAT
BAVB l.Ml'OIUANT PRK8WK..TIA-, BRAKINGS.
Private Utter from Jtutye Field, of ths V. B. Supreme Court, tu
Han Lra.icttco Morning CalL
I liavo always regarded the immigration of
tho . iniie.' in large numbera imo our .tafe us a sei'ous
evil, aud likely lo cameo grout injury to the morals or
our people, as well us to ib.tr industrial interests. No
mi" wno visits thc Pnclflo coast can fall to perceive ile
lijiivinii results. Your article. I Venture tn say. will bes
prJdaottve of much good, as lt IS temperately and dis
passionately written, n mbini lu it* statements lorcible
in lt.-) argument, and staU'smunlike iu us Mi*g??Uonc_ j
anel ? nmmg noni one who hollis a high position wtlh
i n p.uiy in ittiwi", it cannot fall to have great weight
willi 1th inembi'i'S who desire to reach a correct solution
of toe Chinese qo-.stioB. I tblek tlmt you have bauelied
tl.e es.ub)t-ct'?o auly uud pe.iiitistl.ey, and In Biich a way,
tin), ihat you eau barmy 'all to obtain tho unuroval ot
the inoro thoughtful mid enlightened on this silo of tne
CouUneut. I agiee with you that lt is our duty " to pre
BerVS this land tor our in-onle uud their posterity for
ever ; io muted and deieuel Amenciiu insulation* und
republican government from ihe Oi .eical ciangi-cnc.
Auel tins i.e ibo .letty of every Aiucrlc.n citizen."
These opinions 1 have long e-utcrtaiucd ; indeed, ever
stnra tho <t vii began to looa up in it. pre-cut nmror
tieiti., i :,nu,'l) I have bad no sympaHiy with tho violent,
lllcga au.! misdirected effort-* so olte-n made tonct rid ot
lt. You will flint th tu stair ti ni an lntei view with tne
elinor of il Vee ArytiHuut and reported willi aubsiautial
Dorre cine*- lu i.e. losuo of Angaat 9.1879, au extract
Inin w.nclt I beg to sub|o)u for your perwio!. I then
-?aid " teat uo irood eau come from a resort lo email v.x
iii'.ns tiuuliiHt tito Chiiie.se'. To tii ny iliein the privilege
ai tending tv China their eload, lo cut ott'their queues, io
ni'jeer tbem io lniiieuvemenec-ittud pt-tty annoyances, ls
unworthy a generous people, and will result In no prac
iii a. l> iniii. 11 weognise ihe Chinese question osouevf
prominent Impoi lonee?a National qu. s.i. u, demanding
lue oni'Sidoraii.iu of Jurists aud statesmen, aud uot-to be
-niv-e ci by a resort lo sanitary law--, nor by local and mu
i.n Hal i oin e !? auditions. It ls u broad qaestion. to be
l.c-ii-ised by bro.nl-in.oded men, and deteroilned upon
principle's nf law that g ive ru nations in meir intercourse
with i adi either. Tal. question cannot be solved by San
l-iauele-e.e nor C.illi'eiruiu, nor ls lt a local
iee, nor aro Uh consequences to bo confined
tee tbt.) side ot tho ooutitietit. ... I um aware
[hat oummerelol Intercourse with China Ia a one-sided
ilE.tr, and thal the BngUohiQeraMM nnd American mer
.bantsare being eiriveu out of tho Chinese trade, and
fhii; the Chines.) nieraaant* have uiouopoliziil uot only
icielr foi e.Lil eumina c, but tbo uavigaih n of their owu
soast and tbe Inter or watara, >*ow, ..hut 1. the rein
;civ ! To me it seams pialn. Wc have u treaty witb tbe
cilvciiiiiiii of e'liina. We lind that treufy, In Its prac
ieal workinirs, one-sided. Il is not equal. The Chmeae
inv.s el culed to our people ibe privllt-ge i.f trading with
In- interior of China. They op-n certain pons, known
is treaty ports, uud practically dony to our niorehauts
,n limit to enter any other. Americana uro uot al
owen to dig in their uiiues, work ou their turin*, baila
"uiiroaite., nuviirafe streams, obtain traiichisei, and are
u ct tl in li.-e nnloyrii'iit of any but tho most limited
irivi.i'-ie*. They ure not allowed the freedom of the
?oiiuir.v. We may not peremptorily abrogate tbts treaty,
i cause tn no au woald be a declaration of war, but wo
nay sue loth. Chinera iiuthorltos, tbat because we
Iud thia treaty works unequally, and to tbo disud
.aii,'n;o nf otu- pennie We de.ilro Ul mollify lt; we
nay nive ll.e required nuilee of sir months or one
-cai': ive univ then make another treat/, aud give to
be Cammi, the i ri vi I eire s they practically accord us.
Vc" may say to them, your people shall only rome to ibo
Jailed Slates uud ".hall emly romain herc for the pur
losee of general commerce: iou niiii>l bo welcome to
ertaln ports, and to none otuer; you shall eunafu only
ii '.reign trade; you aimil bo excluded trom alt employ
neuls uot connected witb or incidental to foreign cou
i.er."; you shall In- allowed tho privilege ol crossing
.ur continent in i.iir- in; of busiuea-i; y..u may be wei
omi) tovl-n any patt of our taad| you may .ducal*
'cnn yimtli tu our collage*. Hut yu elia'. I not scud to us
in lunn :_.'rii'.iou to euaiigo lu the ir-ile'ru I industries of
ur country* you shall not Baa i a papal* I tao to bo.omi
e, fin,ment resident* m our eoaotry; y ,a -ii:..! not como
ntii competition with our laborer.*; you stell unten
B? m luce .aul.-ul and lu inilfne :ur.'i_r einp,oy menin;
in .-hil uni oven or till our a_.-riinilciii.il lauds; nor
nail .toi i'm menial rmptoyaKut*. . . . ii.uh. tbe
[iiecfioii may be s'llveil, rationally, .-.peciilly aud pciioe.
uliy."
_ a- want of raeiprweltv lu the benefits! of the treaty ls
Illly -tated lu tit." following exirnit trom a i-ttaiuiume.i
n. i in ula Iii eTi,r Minuter ill Ubina tj the Sidle- Dcpurt
iii ri:, da! 'd May IO, 1h7h:
?? A very few wore* are needed lo ineUeote thc lack of
y l>e|i.cen ns. I think that Inere ntv un op
eortnnitten of resident e. ter or entei prise, from which tne
ItUBMOamott-f ns are tiebnt-red. they eau BB wm re
i:e> will ain c'n wb*t tb -y will iii ail uar broad d-.ninia.
im lt is not so here. Our countrymen may randi .na
cw cities only, and ibo? may BBgasn rn no euterpnso
ul iiie eu tin ordinary laie.-ob.ings or commodities uud
. ilr iraie-'iiortait.ai 1) i\v e-n dotti cd notate. Opportu
iltic-i exist to develop mines, to establish tnrnaeos aud
uotorles, io ceitstruct ro ens, canals, rall ro .ul* and
lc graphs, to ooeru'e these., and steam or other v.-.e
oh en mun. mino, uni now oi'cu to Hiern; but from
!! i ile-.", mi'! rn eily other itu Hort ii tit branches of eutev
irl*e wo arc effectually and, pornap*. hopelessly shut
nt. perbans, t bu, tan tim* bas arnrad wbou wu map
ay le. tliis Hove rn mani timi we expect a min. perfect
t-t iproetry, nm! Ibat, If OUr people Cannot lie netiidttcd
tere io in, tile piiviie-aes enjoveci by lb ms in our o.imi
i c. t'.i'.v i.mil aoi i lii'oo U" ll we uetiiaud arneb a re vi?
nni ol our ii'oatios as w.ll ieave us iree le) meei tao ne
essltles of our situation, lt ts v. ry oeit nu thai China
.dhid not consent to Hu. extension of thc privi.eges en
eyed by foreigaore la this OoaatZT. and ills po-slhie
lint, rather than do rbis, she would agree to suou a revl
n ri e.r our treaties ns 1 havo lodlcalcd. Hut If she
la.uiil nut tlu sn, mni should plant herself firmly on ex?
iting treat.es, refusing to {.taut us anything, ir assent
j Ilia withdrawal of anv i>nvllc,;ca troai her people, we
leiiiiil liavo pioeei'dcel, iievi-rihe.uss, as I have said, la
?u bono'abbi way, and could Un u consider ibe whole
liiiaiioa, and determine'tbe policy walch would most
Ol.linea In our wellale."
A iiioiiiflcMtlon ortho treaty ls, In my opinion, the only
ray to de-iil with the pro'dnui oi ilieii" Pxolu-iiou. They
aunot bo forced out of the country by rids of umba
laltrrattOgtheil per*oun "lid burning their linn ts.
he pubuo opinion or tne country will not tolerate any
ueh violence, lr is In vain lo expcot Buy countenance
rum ibo i" opie of the East to HUI attempts. Articles
ke tint, of your* tn The Californian will do iufl
itely moro too I; and will couvinen ihem that it would
" wise, jti.t aud politic, aud not in conflict with our fra
Itloiml policy, to insist upon a revision of our tresty so
s tc piano die chin iso in tins country upou the same
Mit Bros Amer.cam are now placed in China, aud thus
UiXlot tm ni t selusively io tho bnslne?b of foroigu com
itrce. This would bo u praoitcablo aud statesni.iullke
il.itiou of ibo vhaledifl) >u ty. Ag.lu thauklngyou for
our article, 1 um, dear slr, very iru.y yours,
t-Tti-uKN j. Fitttn.
IVashtiiytoit, March 5,1*.80.
P1GEOS' SHOOTING IN NlLW-JERSEY.
EuzABETiiroiiT, N. J? April ll.?In the
Oe sbootlui; matoa here yesterday, tor a Sharp's rifle,
number of New-York and New-Jersey riflemen partio
lated. The conditions wer*: loo y.irei.., stiui'llog posi?
on, 10 shots, aud any military rifle, without .ieumug
uesiiu waa won by Mr. Ueorrtn Biayer. of Ilergcii
??int, witu it score ot 4% out or a poetdbic 50.
Ueugi-j. Point, N. J., Ain-ll ll.-Tnt. Him weutber
rouuht a larne uumtier of lue uieu.bjrs ot tbe New
orB Gun Club to their bbontlug park here 3"esterduy.
e partieipaie In sweep shooting. Tho conditions were,
Tlionul BBtraaM money, Iniudicap il-e, SO yaru*
mn lury, 5 ground traps, 5 yards ap.ui, uud Kn?llsh
uiliiiriiiiiii) mies. Tho day's .port opciied with a
von-bird sweep, tho following belinr ibo scores ? C
alnoii, _"_ y.ir IS, el noels ?.nicu ; H. _>uulevy,'_3yard?
*. C. BUerwood, itt yunis, tt; Di. Tailiuau, 30 yaids, 4 ?
.. liu.-r.ju, 2T yartla, 4. Hr. Watsou took thc stake*
JO. An..nar wv. u-niiu sweep followed, tbe best smites
iini.: C. Shcrwooei, it yunis, 6 hird* killed; Dr. i'all
r.eii, BB yards, 0; Coieiuo! banfori, ao yaru*. ?; H.
anil-vy,'.'8 yaads. 0; Colouol Butler. _!i) yards, Al
?.'. linn.'e. -'-e yunis, 4; P. Clifford, '2(1 vania. 4; w'
.nilton, _?} yanls. 4 | W. Btroud, 2,4 yards, 4 ; C. Wut?
ul. 38 rares, 3 ; W. Stone, 'iii \ nus. A. When Hie Un
-tween *di-s.<r*. bnorwood, lailuiau uud tiaiilord was
ut iff, Mr. bheiDiiui won tbe -.toke*. Tno day'*
mit .i. sij with .t buviiii-hird swoon, wlih acores : ?d
_r a. Murulij , !!0 yunt*. ll bird* killed ; Dr. _l.u-.uu ?>7
^if1*. *?; V?"'eH"?'i'l.-? y.!rds, 6; C. hue-rwoud ami P.
iftord, 26 yitri.'s, 0 itich r W. Stone und H. Dnuievv
_ vam*, ft eaeu : C. Watson, '10 yunis. 4 ; Colonel llut
r, DO yards, 4. Ibo Ue was decldea lu favor of Mr
luipity. _
A Disappointed Candidate.--" Politics is
ll a humbug... Dry told me all I bait to do Vms io bay
nil somo moneys und l vouid git elected shunt like a
id.uk*. But \ cu I veui to co bulls, vat vim Uuk dat
mn nt de bo.U ho toid mu 1 Ile shust tola mn ? Don't
uti rtoi oxoited;' mid I vusu't do uodluks, but sbust
likliiir to my irieud.dat I tougat va* agoing to vote tor
ic. Cuddell lu!..ul_. ugui ii, 'Ve don't vuni no oxciie
lent round here to-day ;? but vat I cure for him 1 So
loka I sbust talked nnd talked mit cferybjay. und
nus vs* stittin' on bully. How many weira* you tink I
at I lltoo, shust eiieo. ou* te A Instinct sum twa lu B
jmiuct, uni ouo ol dew was soraiciiod. You thu*, wau
elor 1 Hud de man wbo sci Blobed my nama off dat
POLIOiSANrrDl-4!
' ??"? rn* <?<?*
_?*
HTJECT8 OF SSpE WA1X.-J
PBtVATB DBTECnVBa BOT 1
IKS! OP CAFtAIN BTBBBgT* 1
.rsa work syp run two quant
l.ETKOTIVB BOLARO. |
Thi. egtablighment of ? bnatdi
bunna ta Wall-st. by Oaptola %ra*s hil
maota satUfaotloa by boakara, brokera aad i
gaged In business. It la thought tbat th*
some of tba beat etetectlvefl et ibm
ehief business centra ls tbs atty will serve wet 1
fleteot crime, hat also te prai wah th. Boas* <*?**<?
tires attsobsd to tbs branch O-fies have tMMB Ja Wak*
for a long tims, aud uncorstond thoreoghty this Batik
of the business thora and tbs methods -of Ute stlsshHl
who try to corry oo their frauds auSpBoHstlP-s, thPf
facto bave gives rise to the ntflsor that the I
will eveotnally destroy Birany all the I
bsretofore boen done by tho private <
This, however, ts denied by the most saasssBttt pdvat
detectives. They eioim tbat thara ls a vast aHaraas
between the work which Captain Byrne-Zs assn wPtyt
and that for walch private uetecttyra have always hhs
specially wanted. The deteotlvea ia tha patti* sss Hs
ara only asaignod to doty whore a criss* Bas bs bb ss;
muted against tbe laws af tbs State of New-Toe*. Thg
hunt up the. criminals aad strive to eolleet tha netti
tory evidence to punish tbe guilty persona for the*
fence. They ore also used ia eases of emergency ttbttg
aa arrest saonld be made wlthowt dolor, whoa tl
haunts ot tba on min al ar* koo wu or whoa ha ls * tonsil]
occupied in crime. Private detectives, oa tb* eoatnury
assert that their boslnsss always has beran for tba ram
part the protection of a client ia civil proceedings. We
instance, a large eompany or Arm hos bean swladlod ?
defrauded, and they have not the evidence ob wbleh h
collect damages: tbeu they employ trustworthy ativote
detectives te get at the bottom of the matter. Ia maa]
cases oriroin_l proceedings may result from the dotes
five's Investigations. Fri vate detectives are not antara
Ized to arrest a person any more thau an ordinary elli
zen ls authorised.
John Boland, of Mooney A Boland** detective agency
was asked recently If he thought that Captain Byrnes')
new scheme would interfere witb bia business. "Kotta
tbe least." be replied.* "I welcome Captain Bynes Mk
his detectives to tbe business portion of ths etty witt
great delight They will uot conflict witta tbe work or
dinarlly exeodted ni a private ageaoy. Tbsra is ao mon
conflict between tbe work of tue police dutoottves aad
that of tbe private ageociea than there ls betweso thi
labors of ihe District-Attorney and those of a civil mw
yer. The police detectives deal with erlmiaala; wi
make confide ni tal Jn ve-tigailons, inqulra Into tba -an?
ita, life andoonduct of people, prevent firms from behn
defrauded, collect evidence to civil proceedings, txuo*
up missing people, and do a great variety of sae* walk.
Now tho comparison eon be best made by shooing ya*
the diff-rencc m coses where ethe two kinds of etotsstlrss
are employed. If a messenrer attached to ? bank ot
other concern in Wall-st. was attacked by someone an.
a bag of money atelen from him, detectives of the polios
bureau in Wall-st could be after ths thief la a very
short time. If a check la presented for payment and ths
bank people are not certain eitber as to tbe genuineness
of tbe check or tbe honesty of tbe person offering lt they
can send for assistance to tbe p-olioe bureau. Those de?
tectives may Immediately recognise tho person ofettai
tho oheck as a forger, or tbsy may conclude that tbs
circumstances warrant them in' shadowing ' the bub
uutii the facie have beeu fully developed. Bach ls th*
character of tbe work to be performed by these deteo
ti vee. A corporation or firm down town cannot rall la
the aid of these detectives unless lt bas somo charge ot
complaint to make.
" But that work differs very materially from tba class
of work done by a private detective agency. Now I will
give you a sample of some of tbe erasers wo have bad.
We will say, for .njtanoo, that a Arm ls tbs solo agent
for a foreign ale. One of the firm goes to some place
and offers to sell to tbe proprietor at tbe rate of fl 90 a
d. sou. Tbe proprietor, wbo baa probably purehseud of
tbe agent bolore. says bo does not want any mon, be*
cause be can do better. Tbe agent tells bim tbat lt bi
impossible, because the members af bis firm are tho sole
agent?. Tho proprietor says be can get tbe ole for 910*9.
Tbat ls a case for a private atteuoy, whteh will lind ont
bow tbe ole is sold at that low figure. So eharge la
made against anybody, and none csu bo proven, but lt
is evideut tbat someone is defrauding tbe agents. It
may take mouths before tbe matter la solved. Perhaps
someone In ibe employ ot tbe agents ls in roll-skin with
thieves outside, and be makes arrangements bo tbat tho
thieve* eau ete-al a certain number of bottles a doy.
The agents do a large busiues* and do not nodes tba
los*. Everybody in the establishment has te b*
watched, and perhaps in tbe end no one ls at -tait II
may be ascertained on sub*equent investigation tbs*
Borneo ne goes arouud to those wbo sell tbe ate and boys
op the old bottles a_id soils them over sgala with aa top
re rlor quality of ale. Then a gal u lt may oe dlBOQVStOd
that some person is loreto* tbe labels. In tbs sud, per*
lii|.s. ihe guilty person is prosecuted, after damages
have beeu collected; bat such a case is one for a private
ageuoy.
" An insurance company, which thinks that tha burn?
ing of a bonse?in Ku ode Leland, we'll soy?was tbe work
ot an incendiary, will employ private detectives te work
the matter up. Thc compauy knows that it ls useless te
seud to tbe agent If tbe town happens te be a matt
pince, because be ls interested In having tho poliey
paid. If lt is not paid, the busiues* of the agent in tbat
town ts practically at an end. Tuen life mauroucs swin
eiio* are similar. It often require* time, care, potisuao
and persevs-ranoe to .get at tbe bottom facts. Now I
don't want you to uud.-jetaud me aa saying tbat tbe po?
lice detectives are uot canalilc of worhln* np tbess
cases. They certainly aro; but lt woald require a very
extensive bureau of detective* paid by the Police) Ira
v.i uncut to work np thoroughly all the erase* malarga
eii.y like this. Private detectives aro very often em
ployed by tbe Oevernment to ferret out revenue and
omer fraud*. There U also another spacial class of
cases belonging to p-lvate dci.-ctlve agc .nol.:*. A (treat
many prominent tl. ui-e in this city wbo employ a targa
force of clerks ure very watchful of their cinuloyes la
their leis ure hows. Sometime* a' member of Ibo firm
bears that a particular clerk, Tvho attends to bia duttea
In a. .'itisiae-ory way. lead*a fast Ute. The Arm la anx?
ious lo know huw the clerk eau afford it. I huow of to
*:;ancr? where a clerk received $10 a week salary, and
?aiiskuown to spend .*lOantxht, and wus seen In tba
ore. nee of bad ciiaraoiew and was reported bb fra*
quciitlnj. disreputable i .sorta. It might be Ibat tho
cerk borrowed lamely from his Iricuds. Ia such oases
in ivan; detectives are set lo watch the yoong nun, aud
to tlud out where ho obiaiuc! his money. I kuow of
a cue whole a young mun had every opiortumty to
steal and wa-, only detected in this way, bot because lt
wa* bu first off ncc be wa* not prosecuted. Borne trina
employ afterlives to watch their clerks, against whom
there Is not a breath ol ausp.c'on, but simply to learn
Hielr habits. I Coi.'t mean tbat they keep a oonatunt
wutob over tbe .-lurks, out bave them followed for a
wees" now and thru. The reports to aaott oases enter
laigely into tbe question of advanctug a clerk to busi?
ness. Private families often employ irtvste detocttvo*
to i sceruiu tbe habits and'aseoclaiions of yoong nea
who cull ou theil- daiigbters. Sometimes a parent bears
of something * ca lust the charccter ot a gehtlemaa Wk*
oailsou blsdauguter. On investigation tba charm* to
lo uud to be groundless and tbe motive for making aaa*
a statement ts discovered. 8 ich cases often develop
very interesting and amusing facts."
TUE METEOPOLIIsIN MUSEUM OF AST.
The trn.-texie of the Metropolitan Museum of Art
in lend to increase the power and influence of the
institution in many ways. Among tbe proposed
method- aro tho lol lo wi ii if: Forming loan collen*
tions nf object* of art;e.btith)ingacare-ul.y eetoctod
Beries of rusts of antique and modern sculpture for
the use of students; increasing the collection of art
antiquities and arel enlogical specimens; est ab) ish?
im, a col lcci ion exhibiting tbe history and present
condition of the inelustrial aita, incl ud rag tb*
raw material, tbe material in process of manara*
ttire, and tbe completed work, with samples of tha
tools and machinery used, by enlarging the art
schools already in operation, establishing a ay-stem
of prize medals and awards, providing leotures au
.art. ami creating a permanent fond for the pur cha**
of additions as opportunity may be offered.
DEATH FROM AN EPILEPTIC FIT.
Mrs. Emma Cornetto, an Irishwoman, aod tba
wife of an Italian orgau-gruieier named A nanto
Cornetto. nt No. 85 Crosby-si-., waa camed to tha
Heilvuo Hospital last Friday Buffering from n
epileptic fit, uml died early on Saturday morning,
An autopsy by Deputy Corouer Donlin yesterday
showell that tho woman's illness was canned by a
blow on thc henel. Several women who live in tba
Crosby-et. tenement-bouse told the police yraits
day that Cornetto i. id beaten bia wife with*larc*
club which, being lame, he used as a walkiog^tkk.
Cornetto attended the funeral of bu wife at tJttl*
vary Cemetery ytbterda/ afternoon, navkm pate*
vioiuiy packed up all bu furniture praparattoOf to
moving. On bis return borne lie was arrested aad
locked un ut tho Mulberry Street Polico Station.
Zinc and Tin Poisoning.?Eeeent anatyti*
cal i-esetaiciirs ore raid to provo tbat French ame tasha
most arsenical of all the Bines at present fond to *ssb*
uierce, and on this soeuunt lt ls reeommeBoded Shat tha
article) be submitted to earea; analysis, especially who*
tbe ujcIaI ls to be employed tor tho lift pnrnrtsn ri pbs a
uiaoe utica! compound*, and wbi n to lu ussd mi a issi'
lor ni sr.ile'ti Marsh', apparent*. Mott stat <atrto3
univ a v.ry minuteeiuitit ty of awe-ate, bot Shat B-MlT
a* weil aa load, )* usually present ia suflMsat souHUkr. 1*
b? detected b.) careful means. The aduberattoa ol tra
with lend, auiimoiiy or ofter toemls ta i-rouexurOerd?*_
eeeotegiv preiuoioiai to Health, and consent-Bat* tra
?b.ch cant tin* lead sboaii ba prescribed entirely hr fha
pharmaceutical wurlJ._
Bandaoino in -IiOBAiS-t.?Dr. Weir IQkte
ell, ieluting a ease ol migraine oceuirlnc to a gtr! bot-** :
years ana ahalf oid, rxhlbitiuglbeosingeMtlveiyas.*Bi
for whntb he pT.*cnt>ed small doses of toumWa
tincture belladonas, observes that the ipr nf fhn ssl into
cay. a tight bandmre, is asota- Ma asBtoasm*. i '
ir-ui-tugc, applied ThTfTTiBghly trom th* i
th?u pad over oaen temporal i ' -
nose b* e.harp emougb to wasp i
mg tue aneri."-, and ovor She tweet,
stead of cscairhimc. a web applied i
as put ob, sera tasa watraa, enptm '
tsMsporalesBtottoa.