New-York tribune. [volume], December 10, 1891, Image 11

About New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924

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PART IL
DEC. 10, 1891.
PART n.
PACES 11 TO 14.
THE PRESIDENTS MESSAGE.
ACOMn-EHE?-rVE REVIEW OF IHE Fl'BLIC
Billimil OF THE NATIOX.
44ttmBB ******** Wl UflMNUUSI T.TNCn
,Nl;C-_HIU-CBlKA-THE THREE AMEtUCAS
__tLW-T?WOBBVaB GOMMEItCB-VTATE OF
XHT TRM5URT-T0PICS OF INTERK.T IK
THE APMIXISTRATIVE I.EPARTME5. __
IflTff?1 TO THE NATION FP.OM
fARTITAN TKICKERV AND DIP
?OXBB- MA'XIPLEATION? OF
T.IE ELECTORAL FRANCHISE.
1_o Prosidont's MestfiRe to ConRress. which
h|ptar_k printod in fiiJl, iBVtBBB in detail the
Poreipi RdatkBM of this eountry, BBBBciaUj with
halv. Chili &nd China. tho Kussian . Tou-bait
,je, and the Mcaragua Canal. I'nder tho hoad
0f National Kinances ihe benefits of the Pro
jprtive Tariff are rnlai-ped upon: a Kevcnue
gaiplu* of moro than $37,000,000 is reportod :
t full trial of existinj. laws relating to Siiver
(VinBfl? R urged, ard strong disapproval of
pre* Coin ago is cxpressed; the Public Debt bae
ji?n matoriallv docreased, and the Currency ia
Circularion increa__l. Attention is called to
TirioiB. topics in the reports of the Secretary
jf War and Attorney-General. The extensk.n
of Yre? Poatal IVlivery is recnmmended. and
igpe L? BZptaaBBd thar acsaa mails will soon
fc carried hy Anrriran -hip>. (Jratifyinp prog
jcfltin Nava! Afl'ait* if repjrted. Indian Affairs
Uf discusscd at some lenpth. lt is bolieved
that there will be no call for a deficiency ap
ppipriatiou for Pcnsions. The good woik nf the
jgrieaUaral Department is __n_niasd. lactBBBBd
jpprc>p.-3(tir.n.s for the Civil-Service OoflUBliBfliOB
t!? recommended. Legislation for thc protec?
tion of the lives of Railroad Kmployes i< strong
j- urged. Tho " Miehigaii Plan" for ehoOBillg
Hresidential Elech.rs is K.nsidcied. and ation
__ eallad to tho avila of MOeiijmpadering"
?nd othor tricks intended to suV.vert the popular
will. Tho llcBBBga ctoeea with an earaeal a.
pf?] for a frBB baliot, aqnal lepraaaatation, untty
ef interest . and a strotiger National spirit.
TF.XT OF THK IUS88AOE.
Tothe Senate and Houa" al BBIBBBCBBtttTtB
The report.s ut Ikfl liof.tis of thc sewral l'.xe_i'i\o
Department*-. reqnired hy law to he lalanitted to
ne. which are hercwith uan-.n.ittc.% an.l thc r. -
ports ol tl.e Secretary el thc Treasury an.l tlie
Altorr.ev-.. neral, made direetly la CaBtfiafll.
furnish a coniprehcnsive view ol t BC alm ni.-raiive
****,** tlic hat Baeal year refettns to interaal
ifliiTi. lt ttoulJ tte. al greal advantagfl >f tl.es;
report* oouid bave an atteatlve peruflal by over..
nem -T ol Congress aad l>y a'l who take an in'eiO t
inpubhf affaixa Sacb a peraaal eoaM noi fail t-i
eicite a liidier appree iation at tbe aaot labor an I
_BB_BBtlotlfl effoil Whiflfc ;irc giTCfl t ? tiie CVDdBCl
it our etril Bdminiatratlen.
Tbe rejM.rts wil l. I-Wieve, .- mr l it r. ty i .<??
uon l.a# beea asaaaaehed, eonaidered, an ! deoldcd
lrmn tiie -tat,.l|oll t of pulilic tiuty ami npon
B_aaBaaa affeettaa ti"' aabBe iatereet ? odone.
Ajiin I invite i<> every bianofa oi tbe aervioe tha
inentioi! an i scrutiny <?'
_-h:ki..n BXLATIOXS,
T_w..k af tbe SBate DrpartaCb?darln_ t!.e
bet yeai has beea ebaiaeteiiae I by an anoaoal
buuIw t.r uiiiMtrii.ii* aaajafl-atiaa-i -^jhI by dla4 ?
9*tk results of a B?tabU ar..t I1i2-V.lv i^-nelr- .1
_B_B_?r. Among tbeso ure th'^ laolpflaenl tratb
?p_D^eiaeTitb whi. li have 1-ecn eoat-luili-u, in tlie
nen-iae of tl.e powers eonlem__ l>.\ Sectloa '?'.
ifthe Tarlfl biw, wul. ti.e Bepablk of-Bnull. with
Uoin for its We-; India paflBtBriaa. an-! arith
ina l>ou.i__;o. like Degotiattonfl wu'.. oti ? bo na
ihes l.avc baea umcli ailTaneedi aad it i> bopeJ
_w i^ioie ihe '-li'.-" ui lb ' yeai i'urth?r definitiva
tratle arranpcoicnts oi great valoe \m)1 be ooa
dndcJ
In m.'w't.f the reportfl which liad iieon received
u to tl.e diminution of the aeai herda in tiie
bhnnp; Sea, I deeined it wiee to propose to Her
Mi)tt>ry'a GaranBaral in Fabnury last thal aa
Hreement for a cloaed Hea>on should be made
pendins thr nejeotiations for arbittstbm v-lii.h
then seemed la t>e approachiiig a favoialtle eon
BBfliOB. Alter tuucli coricspnudeiice, and delayfl
for which this Guvernmeut WBB 9*4 reapoaflibie,
U agreement wm naohad antl Bigaed on the 1ftth
?t Jun-?, by v.-hich Gtea. Brltaia aadertook, froa
Biit aate and utitil Mav I, 18ft, to prohibit
toe kiU__| by bet subje-.-th of aeaJa in v.w Behrini
be. and tlie QuaeiaawBI of ihe I'nited Matt*,
during the eame periwl, to eaforee itn e.\istin..
prokihitiun afaiaal petagk aeallag aud to liaiit
tte catch hy the Fur >eal Company upon the
aliDda ta 7,ftBB aklaa lf this agreeaaeal could
kavc Iteon BBBBbad eariit-r. in laapoBBfl to the
ttrenuo;., tiMkaiaiB of tliib (iovernui-nt, it would
Lavf l>cen fltaflB 9*9*9*99', 1 mt, eoniing e\eu ao
late ae it did, jt- unquestionaWy resuited iu greatly
diBiiuu-hitik- rhe BeaUHCitlOfll ol th.- beals by ihe
Caoadiau BCflJara.
ln my laot annual message I statt-ti tbat the
bisii of ar'dtration paopafled by l'cr Majeatjr'fl
tovernment for Ihe adjuMtnent af t:.t' long
pfndmjj tontrwer?y as to tl.e seal laberlflfl was
l?t BflflflpBaalB. 1 aiu felad now to be aiile to
n_BBat thal tenne eatisfactory to thia (iovern
wnthave been azreed upon atul tl.at an BBTHaaWBl
9 to tbe arbitratoi> i_ all that u> neceeeary ta
9* completion of the convention. Jn view of the
avanc.-d peaitloa -wiuch Bb_B Government baa
a*ea upon the aabjeet ol mternaiioiial arbitra
a. thi_ lenewed expreesion of our adbereaee
*? tLib ujftiit.ii i..r the aetUeaaefli* oi dl_pa_a
a?k k, have ariaea ia the Dehrlag Sea will, I
*tbt aat, meet with the coneiirrence of CoafTCBB
I*roTik;oii should l?e niaoe lor a joint demaioa
??e of thc trontier line between Canada and th ?
feUflBBtotca, wu.-rcver rvqalied i>y the iaercaalaB
torter B^ttlt-ments, and <speeially for tTit- BXaal
btaUoc of the water boundary la the btiailf and
!>*?_.
lAaald baaa l^cn clad to annonnce some fav..r
**** iiuposihou of the beaadary di?pute Brtwaea
^mtl^itaiu .md V'lii-z.ieia, laaflhiH ,il*' we?era
^otiet 1.1 Untkiii Uaiaaa, bai t"i* Waadly ,i!l "!
tt the L'mt?-:1 Matej, iu ti.ai diretlion have th...
?h been aaaaailhaj T*** Oaaanareem will aaa
'Uue Vo e.\pre*?i ito ei.neern at ?ny BBpBanUBBe ?>!
br?ijn encroa.hn.eiit on terntories lmis aadai
;/ i'Jai.iiit.trative coclrol ol AlBltBB BtatCfl.
?i <leten_]iiution of a diepaled l.oumlary l* eaailj
Htni__|._,- _j __ic_),[o arbitiati.tii, wiiere the
^"t* ui t:,(.- ttapactiTt paiHea rea. a* heaa, o
tutiHHc bett, icaillf aatartalaablB
AMEIUCA.V PBOOOOIB AliKOAD.
Tue law of the lw.t ( onzrei.- providir.^ a ,.\8tem
*t iD?perti<jii lor our BHBBi intended lor expeel
*** clothing the Prettident with power tv BSflladfl
tor+igri prodn.-th in._ our market in OflBC tbB
tountry flMi_B| them ehould paTpflBaaBt ui.j'-ihi
WvbBiaatiaafl B_aiaai any peadaal tt O* Daited
****, plaeed ihia GaaaraMBt ia a poMtion t..
'"et;Uvely u_gc t^e nU)uVi.i 0( ?,._cl: d_flflfi_BlBB
**?* agairifct our ineath it is gBBHfjl_B ** **
B*k to Btaflfl iiiat UflfBBJ. l^eumark. Italy.
Auitri* and Franee, in the ovder name I, have
.* ._ tl;eir pflflflj |fl IBBBBB-M Anier.i-an pork
?Mucu, and ti.at PtaBBB hai take^i bueh B__M
* ?a?ure the _me retwlt. IhB HBBflTal ol tlieM'
tWri.'Uoiig j_ every iwitant-e wa_ imked lor BBd
?*ven Bolely n^,,,, tilt. ^jound thi.t BM bad no\?
rovuVsd _ n.,._, i_?,Ki?tjoD lh.it kLouIi! I* ac
pted _? ade<_ui:te to thfl ewmplete BBBBBflRBl ol
?j ,J??_cer. real or fHi.cied. whieii hai BBBa BBB
22% otxtu. The State Departtnent. our Min
PPJ abroad. and flhfl BaBBBtBiy of Airrieult 111
? ^otrtUid with nnflaiatri. imd intellifienl
rval tar the aocomplishment of tbta great remilt.
Ihe outlinr-a of an agroement have l>een reuchcd
witli (.ermany, look ing io flqaHflM. trndr con
ceasions in coueideiation of the conlinued free
ittiport.ition of her augare. but the time h:__ not
yet arriveil when thia correhjn.iidence can l>e aub
tuitted t? .oiigrf_.
The recent political disturbances ln the Iflfflfltk
of Brazil have excited regrct and solicitude. The
infonnatioo we p4_fle_-.1t was too nicagrc to enal.le
u* to fartu a flfl__tfl_Cf judgment of tlie cai~c_
lead.ng to the teruporary a_su_uption of auprcnic
power hy Presiilent Fousa'co : hut this t.overnuirnt
did not fail to express to him its aiixiona solioi
tuilc for the peace of Hruzil and for "tiie main
tenauec of the free political inatit.utions which
had reeently bc _ esia-blished ihere. nor ta. ofTer
our advice that great moderatiou ahould lie ob
aerved in the claali ul parties und the contest for
lea.lership. These couusels were recived in the
niust fricndly spirit, and the latet-t inforniation i.
that constitutioiial govcTtnmcnt haf b.-en re -?stab
lished without bloodshed.
THE .NE\V-(.RL__.\N.'s BIOT.
The lynching at New-Orleans in March last of
eleven nieu of Itallan nativity by a moh of citi?
zens was a most dcploruble and discreditable
incident. It did not, however, have its origin
55" any general animot-ity to the Italian pe.ple,
nor in uny disrespect to the t.overnmcnt of ItaTy,
with which our relauona were of the m-~t frieudly
character. The fury of the mob was dire.te.l
against these men as the auppo.-ed partici'iantfc
or accc_.oric_ in the murder af a city olric... I
do not ailtide to this as mitigatiug in any dcgr.e
tliis olTen.-e against law aml huni.inity, but only
as at-.-ctiug the iuieni;itn>n:;l question.. whi.h
flflfll mil ol it Ii, wa. at Oflfl- repreMMited by tiie
itallan Miniatei tnat _cverai oi those whose _.??
had It-eu taken by tlie mob were Italian mbjeeta,
iiiid a deiiiiiiid was niaue for tne BUBtahmeat i.i
thfl part-Cipaatl an.l for an indeumity to the lanu
he* of those who wa-re killed. lt ia to ba re
gretted Thai the mantier in which th.-sc otalflM
were preseuted was nol such as to pronn.te a ______
di--c;i~.ion of the goeat-ODJ involved; but tints Baa]
well be attiibufed to ihe e\< iltemefll aml indigna
tioa whieli tiie ciinic liuturally evnkeu. The viowa
of thta iMiveriiiiient as to its obUgatiooa to f:>r
BigneiB .lomici-ed here werc fully staied in the
c-.rre._~:i<ie;ice, a. weil as it_; puri>OM' to make
an mve.sti.-iition of the affail wiih 8 view to d.
tenainfl v.-hether there wete piaat?l any strcuin
st-tnees that c_uld, under snch rule. >>i duty ns
we had indioated, <rc;..fe an obligation upon thc
U nlted Statea i hc temporary aha_--_e -.1 a Min
Lfltei Tlenipo tentir.ry ol lt.ly at llitf- Capital ha*
rctardc.l the fiirlh-r 0Oir_pO__e__e, but it ta r. t
-.-1 that a lricmly eoncluaion is attainable.
Some luggettioni growing aul <>f this nnhappy
t a re worthy tiie attention >.i Congres*
lt wi.'ii-l, I l.licve, be cntirely competeut fur
Congieaa to make offeneea against the treat;
righ_ of forelgnen doxnie?ed In the lnii.il
States eognixabfe ia the Federal eonrta. Thta
baa tfot, noflrever, beea <I<>ik-, aad the Federal
oflicen and eonrta bave ao power la flncli ame*
to Intervene eittar tor the protectlon <.f u for.Lgn
.Itlzen or lor the pnntabmcnl ..t hia Blayci*.
h S.-.-1.-S to im- lo follow, in this stite <>f the law,
that ihe offieeia o* the State charged with
police and [udlcial powere ln anch _?___? miwl
ri the conaideration of intcrnational aiue*
growing oul uf auch Im identa, be r?r_rd-d ln iucli
?eme aa Fe.leral ageata aa to make thia UoverB
menl anawcrable tor Bbeir actfl ln caaea wtier- ll
would he ai iwerahle lf tbe I nlted Matea hnd
? . .| [ta eonatitutionol power to deflne anl punisn
; :. ? | ri. .. ll liv. _" ngtltS.
( 1111.1.
The eivi! arai in ChiH, which l_._an ln -lan
,.,_? laat, w - coBtinued, bnt fortunately wlth
lnfreqaral aod aol teoportaiit artned oeUBlo_-_,
uctil AuguB 88, wlicu tbe Coa*_?-___qBal I
?i-..'.. .i n ar Valpara-o, and, after a hloody en
? 1 rantrr *d tiiat elty. Frealtteat Bolaiace-Ja
at onoe ?.'??"_ iii-:'-ii that bta aauae waa Inat. and ;i
Ti_\1s;.,iul (loverniupiii _aa_8fl-_il) tif-_-___- l*7
(i.e .,i-,i..i'iu_ pany. 0__f Mtnister waa pro
dtrretcd tn reeogni2e ..-.d put liims4.-lf in ____0fl
uieation whh this (Jorerninent m --"?n m i'
...iij.iiii ha-.e eatebttabed ns tr- iacto flhan-ter,
whleh was (h".e During the pendencv of thi_
.ivii enntcBi frequent ind___ei appeak ? *
to thi. (rovemnaenl k. eatend
heiligereal righta t" tb. -iBurgenla and
tn |,i-.c audieaca to their repreaentative-.
Thia v.:?--, ________ and that poUey wns paxa-ed
? ? ighoul wbieb -bta GorenmieBt, wbea
wrenehed hy elviJ war, so ___nuo__y iustst-.-i
upon mi the parl ol European iiatums. Th.
Itata, un anncd i _ae] comuiaBded by a naval
oillcci ol the Inaurgeat Heet. manne.l by ita laiiora
and with floiideM i_n board, was aeiaed under
p.-.ia-eB- oi the Luited states Coun a; baa l?i>--->.
vaiin-ifiia. li.r a vioj iti.-u ofoor neutralHy l...\-.
v\ luie iu tne aaafli__r ol nn oJlii. r oi Tne court
ihe ve.scl was lotcinlv WRBted fiom his ooataoj
_td pwi to __'u. lt woiiid tinvr- i ,-4-u taeooBi-Uent
wnh tiie dignity _ii..i aoit-reflpeoi ?.i thia Oot
_rnmeni not t. have ii___d tnat ti.e in 11
should be retaraed t_ Son liic_.> to ablde tbe judg
mcnl "i the couirt. i his was so eiear to tne
junta nf the Coagresaioaa] party, tatabiiahed aj
Iquique, taat, bclore the anival ot tbe Itata ai
tbal port-, tbe _~____ary ol b'oreigi KelatioiM ol
i.r- i ;?,-.i-.H iii! Uo. nu_.nl _~_re____d to bear
AduiK-al Brown, eommanrtlng tbe L/nited St itea
navi-i lorcefl, ti oommunioation, fiom wbieb tbe
foiiowit__ i> an e itracl:
-Tiie I'.'.v-Mo'ial t'ovi ijimciit has !'-rin:cd b.v
the e-blegratoa >.f t..' Aaaoeiated Ki-caa that tiie
. ...ii-.ro.,- n.ita. uetuineu in ma Utego b_ order
of tiie L-ited State.. for takirtg on board niuni
u. i_- "i war <<ri<i Ul B0aa_---0u id tbe ur.irs.ia..
tell the port, e_r:;,iii- tuil uilicial, wbo was hui-ici
al a |..unt new tbe coaat, aud tben cootiaued her
voyage. . . . Ii thii new* b oorreot, tbta Uovern
ment would deplore ti..- eoaduel ?f ihe Itata,
aad, :i-i r,.-i . \i ic.-..-.- thn. it i.. aol diapofled t->
r-upport or a;:rce to the infraction of the i
tbe Lni'a-d btatca, th- u__efa_g-~d take. advan
tage ol tbe pc_fl___l it-latnuis you iia-..- been good
enough '.a. maintain with liin ainee your arrival
ln tuta rvrt i > declare to you that a.s aoon a.s she
Ls within reaeb "i our ord ra hia Oovenunenl will
|i.n t ie Itata, wr'.i the Bnui and lauiuUonfl Aie
took on board la 8aa Diego, at ihe dtapoaitl a ol
tne United States."
A niai in tbe Uiatriet Court of the l nlted stat s
fcr tiu- floaBieru Uiatriel oi t ailioiBta has r.-.-ently
n-ulted in a dectaiOB hr" ;nt;, BflBBBg other thingfl.
tuat inaa?ueh as the < ???__- party haai n.?t
beea reeegniaed as a bt .-rent, the acta- done in
Us intereM could not be a .K.latio.. ..I our neutrulny
lawi 1 rou. th - iudgmeut tbe United btutea baa
appcaled, nol tbal the oondemnatioa ol tlre vesael la
a _______ "t Imporunoe, bo! tbal we may Itnow
what tha- pit~?i fltate ol .nr i.w ta: for, ii thia
conftructlon of tbe atatute la oonect, tben B
obvioua neocflalty for levtaion aod amendincnt.
Duini- the pri_grea_ oi the war iu Chili this uov
ernmeni tendereu ita l-ood ofllcee t.. bring abpul a i
., iceful ?d u tmeut, und it was al one tbne h.-iH'-l
good reauli taigbi 'x.- raaebed; bat la tbb
wc a-.ru .|_a_iflfl--Btefl.
Tiie inatructiona to our naval ofneen aad
to our -Vlimster at Santiago, ___ the
irst t?, UB tafl ol lh> sln_:.;c "..
joiiied upon them the uofll Impartia] treat
, ."Lnu'it-olutc non-interfi renee. 1 ao. aatta led
hat tliese inatrucUona were abaemd aod tbat our
Krefle_~~_-ve_ were Bhraya watebfal to uae their
inrtuenoe importtai.' ta tne Latereti ol bumonit>.
"nd. oa n.-.n- than or_.oi_aata?, did __*?^?Y___*
n:',\;e.~^
.iii n.t fiesin- that. in thc unfortuwaJte even ol
V, ? " ,t\i ii.iStl.;saul!i..r.l.v.th,.p..liey...lt!..s
. ovemn.ein abould be other than ti.at wi.i.h we
huvc.dj obflerved. No offlciaJ eomj. airii ..f
I?.. -ondi.'-t of our Minista-r or of our nnval orticT
?__m the atruwle ha.s been pwfBB -1 tfl this
Voveintoetii: ab- U ta a aaaUar of wgwt t_U ao
nan-.'of om own ptopleabould have give,..-_. to un
." ir origin in rival intereati aod ln a wtah toner
ver tta. relaUonfl oi tta l aited Stfltaa wm, l Ull
' r,?. eollapae of tta GownuiBnl of Bahnaofda
hrounht Bboul ?_ eo'.diti ~ ^i'"'" B unfortanately
? 7i.uiii.ar nr tt- btatow of tta Ontra aad
-outh \njeri.in f_at8fl Hill. the overrhnw of
tl,- Ilain.aieda Gove_BI___t, he aml manv ol his
caat'-ilors and offloerfl U-rini.- Bl or:.-e fugitivea
. |j ,-s, aad appealed lo tta commandlnfi
ofllceia ol tta fori-i-n bbvbI reaa_B ifl tta hartwr
,f ValparBtao and to tta _e_-_ul fceeign nuntatera
t sanliaao for ___"Ium. Thu a.sylum WBfl ireny
.,, eording to my Infonaetien, by tlie
wi.Hiifl t - din-ct the a,iirreniler of aueb "' ' ?' w
nVraoM tu. are -";i11 '? "? America.. kflflfll-fl
without Buitabla conditiena. .
lt la beltaved tiiat the i.overtinient of ( hiii i>.
nol Ib B poaitioii, i? ?B_fl ol tta piec-lents witli
..,[- 'i it ha-t beaa connccte.l, to broiully deny the ]
right of BflptflBfti and the correBpondence ha* net
thns far prescnted any ttu.-h deni.il. Thfl trent
II)1 -nt of our MlaiBtrr f_f B time waa BBflh *e to
tail t<>r ;i decided protcnf, and it was very gratify
iag to aoaeraa that umnendly aaawarae, wi.ieh
were umluuhtedly tl.e recult af the pBeTBllh_j BB.
eitement, were at once reacindcd or suitabiy r
laxed.
<>n the 1 t.th of Oetabflf an event orcurred in
Valparawo _o BTTlaBfl and travn bj it- fltrctHB
stnneca and re_uli.s as to very jun _>' *'^cite tl.e
indunati..n of oui peii|.i-, au i to t _.l lor prompt
and decided bbUob ob tbe part oi tlii*GoYenaaeni
A BBBBMBiablfl numi?er af tiie tail ib ot thi United
Biataa ateaaaahia Uaitimore. ihaa ia tne harb-.r
"I \alparaiao. liein*; upon fchore leave am' uu
armed, were atisatiitcd by armed BMB nearly
simultan -i.ifcly in dilferent' it__ft4ffl la the city.
Oaa iK'tty etteer wm killed aatrifht aad seven
or eight seunieu were seriously woun ie.1, one t?f
v.hoin hat. si.i'c die-l. Bfl MVage and hrutal a ifl
tlie BBBBaU that several of our BbUms rcehel
more tl.an t_fB. and one as many ae eighteea -tab
wounds. An iuvestigation af the attuir was
promptly made by ? board 9* otl.eers of tl.e Ilaiti
inore, aud their report shows that tbaafl Bflflaultfl
were unprovoked, that our men were ennducting
MailMelUB in a peaflBBbtB aud arderly 'uanner,
and that BflflBfl of the police af the city to..* part
iB the BflBaalt and BBBB their weupons wtth Utal
effect, whi.e a few athflflB, with siuie well-di?po?ed
t.itize.w, eudcavored to protect our n.en. J liirty
i_.\ ol our sailors were arreeted, and some of tneui,
while beiag taken ta pni>on, were crueily heaten
and maltreated. The fact that they were al
dinehargcd, no criminal charge being iodaed
against any one of them, shows very AMBdj tnat
taey were innocent of any breae.h of the peaee.
So f._: ua 1 ha-ve vet BeBB itMe to lea.-n Bfl other
explaoatioB af thia'.taody work has lieen **M****
than thal it had ne ..ru-in in hustility to tbeae men
asaailors tf ti.e I'nited ,>tate . wearing tlie uniform
of their tiovcrnmeiit, and n..t in any individual a>'t
or peiaoaal aniniusirv. The attention ol the I BU
i;tn flnninaaiii wa<? it once eafled ta thia *__*>
BBd a btjteaieni ol ihe taAu obtaincd bv the invcat-i
ntion we had coiidueteil was submitied, BCOOmDOr
ri'i by u requBBl u> be a.lviscd of any o'hei or ouan
lying facts la thf- pflBBBBflBBB of the ChiliaB UOT
eriiiiient that might tenJ to rclieve thia atfan of
tha appraiaiKin ol an insult t. this i...veriiiuei.t.
The rhil.an Government was also advieed that if
such qaalifjriBB fact* did aal exist, th- (jovernincr.t
woitl.i COBUdenU) cxpe.t tail and prompt Kpt-m
tion. . , _ ___ __
ll is to tie repretted that the replv ot tbe Beo
retarj for Foreign Affans *A th* Provifltoaal
(iovcrnment wa_ couehel in an offensive tone.
Ta thia ao respniise has l>een made. I his tioveru
m.-;,! B bow awaitii . tlie resuli of an investiga
li.-n whkth has been conducte<l by the erimnial
court at Valparaiflo. It i*> reported uBoflfcially
ihai the lBTfUgatbia is abont eaatpleted, Md it
is expected thnt rh* reaolt arill aoon be eoaunnnl
eated t<. thia Govenuneat, togetber w.tl. aame
adequate and Battafactory reapoaae ti. the note by
v.,,, , ,,,.. Bltenaao ol Cbib w.i* ealled i-> "?.'is
inei .fiit. lf tbeae jusi expeetationa ihouw be
disapnointed, <>r further Bee ilet* rlelay iBtervene,
1 wiii, bv ii apeeJal aaeaaage, ?rin_' thia auiiter
BfsiB to thc ?.ttenti'.n ol Cofur_W f'1'' BBBB
action fl_ iii-iv !,e Deeeaaary. 'Ibe entiw cor
r ... ? deaee w.th the GoTemtnent ol t'hiLi arill, at
ao early day, i?e Babaiitted i<? Congrefla.
I reaear tbe ree..iuiiiei.dation ol my special mea.
sage, dated January lo. ih'-'?. for the adoption ol
ii e RcecflBury le?ifllation to enni le tl.is Governiaent
to nppiv ia tbe oaae of Ehaedea aad Noraray tbe
?mm rule in reBpeel to i'*o lev.vir.-_ oi tunnage
I. .* as wns elain.etl :uul seenred to the shippin*:
..f tiie l nited Stttea ln I R ?8 under aiti.-le B ot the
treaty H is^;.
Tbe adjoaninrBt of the Senate without action
oi the pendini aeta tot ihe Bappreaaion ol the
fllave ttaflie in Africfl lad for tie the lafona "t
the rerpBue tarill ol tbe iBdependeal State of
the Congo left this: OorerBBieBi anaWt te ex
clunge those a.-ts ob the date tixei, July 2, __**?
\ isodnfl vivendi has been COBClflded bv which
tbe power of tlie COBXO State to levy d.ities on
., j- in nubapaired aad, by agreeneat af
II tbe il n-iterie.- to tiie __enrral fllare-trade aet.
the time ior Ihe exehaage of ratifleationfl on the
..;,. ,,| i) . ijaited state* baa i>eeu exteaded to
Frbruary _. Ittt.
CiIINESF. TRt.t'IlLRs.
The late OBtbreab BgalBBl fi.reie-ners in TBlloai
,.. 11 - ol ti.e Cbincfle Enpire haa beea a esoap "f
. coooern in view oi the aaaa>roofl BstabliBh*
BMBlB of oar eiti/CF in the interior of that cun
tr.-. 1 ln*, (Jovemmcnt ean do li"-~. Ihaa insisi.
?ij ,i ,i oentinuasee of the prateeihre ar.,1 puni
tory mraanira whkh tha Chtawai iiove.nii.eiit haa
beret .fow appUed. No etorl will i^ ..mitted
?,, protCCl ..ur eitizens pea.-eabiy flOJaorninB i"
ciiiu-i, bat : ???"nt naofieial Infonaatloa Indioatea
tbat what v.-:.s al lirst regarded aa au aathraah ol
mob riolenee agaltflB forei{rnor? has aaaaaaNi tbe
larger fonn ..f aa iBsarteetioo BgalBBl pablta
..rile;.
The I'liinesc Government has deeliaed Bfl re
,-eivc .Mi. Hhdr a.s the Muiist.-r of the I'rltc-!
Statea on the graaad thal ar a partieipaat, while
., Senator, in tbe eaa unent ..( the existing i ?_
d .,.a:iis. tbe iBtrodaetion ol CLioeae ia
, ren, be na'l becoflW unfriendiy aml objectlonabie
to Cliiin I have ielt onstraineil to point out
to ti.e ( i.inese QeTB_UBBBl the DUltcnableneaA oi
tia- poaition, which secms to r.*t as mucu t?n the
.ina'-.-ptabilitv of our ICKielation a6 on t-lmt of
,ne peiann ehea?a, und wluch. if adadtted, would
practicaliy dehu the aeleettaa of any repie-out
atlve bo Iobb aa the exiatiai lawa ibbhub ia force.
i'oii wiii be ealled upon tu coaaider the expe
dien ?? ol maklng Bpeeiai |>rov.si..iu, B) !;?.? lor thr
t ttnpuran a lmi??ion ol aobm ( hiaeae artiiana aod
lahorer* in eoaaeetion with the exhibit ot t hiaeae
induatriea at tbe apprCaching Coiumblan Exp ai
tion. l regard ii as deidrabie thal tbe UblBcae
exhibit l?e ncilitated IB every proper wav.
BPAIX.
A qaestkiB haa ariacn with thc Oa?. ernruent of
Spaln louohiBg the rigbta of Anwriean gitbeafl ln
the < araUae Uaada, <>ur oiltiaai there. lon
;.;it.r to tlie conllrmatinn af Bpala'fl elaini la the
bdaadB, had aeoatcd bj settiemem and parehaae
oert ia rigbta, to tbe icoognition aad nuiBtenaaec
nt which the falth af Spaln was piedgBd. 1 bave
had reaaon within the peel year rerp ateoagli lu
proKtt agai.iht the failure to earrj' out thia
pledge on tlie part of Ilis llajeatya Mlnlataira,
which baa reaaltad ia _reat iBJaatlee aad lajar.
to the _UDCric _n i?????...lents.
'Ihe titivenin.eiil aad peo. le of SpTin propoae
to ???? lebrate the foar buBdredth __a_iren_anr ol
the diaeoveri of Ameriea by holding an expoaitioc
i m idrid, whiota arill open on tbe Itth ni Sep
tem'ber aad eoadBBe nnal the :_st of Deeernber.
i ,r.'. A ooidial invitation has been exteaded
to tbe l nited Stites to take part in thbl BflflMffl*
oration, and, as BpaiP "?? oae af the Cr . BBtiopa
to expreaa the tateBtMR to partieipate in the
Worldi t'oimiibian BxpoaitioB at Cbicigo.il aroahl
hc ven Bppropriate for tl.is Uoreiwniin to giv
tbifl liniia'.ion Itl Iricmlly promotion.
THK INTEHO "NTJM'.M'AL RAXLWAT.
Surveys for the eaaaaettng llafca oi t^.e pn
jected iBtereoBttaeiital Ballaray are ia pio__
n-<s, not only ln Mexieo, but at rarfaaa r daa.
aloi.tr the BOBBN mupj-ed ou:. Thre.- ...rve.viti^
pnrtiee aie aaw ln the leld na ler tl_?> directlaa _
thc UaauaiaioB. Nearly 1,00* aiUaa al tba pro
pflBOd roi.il have 'k-cii surveyed. includiiiK the ? al
difflcult part, tlmt through Eeuador and tiie
MBtbera |a_rt <>i Cala_flh_a lae raperta ..f tba
BogLnecia are very flBtiflfaOtoay aud abow that ro.
inaanaoaatabli atataakB bave been me; wtth.
cm Nureabai l . IW4, a traat] waBeoael
?ith llexiea, icartiiming thr boundary batweea
thc tw,. eoaatrkfl aa dtaaribed in the baat-Sa of
February t, l**M, *b<i Uecembet .'?'; IB33.
Marcb i i"-., a lurtber treaty %\a_ oegotlatea
,':, faeOttate the .arryinc out of
the priBdpba ol the tnatp ot IM4,
_Z_ t_ Bvoid the diflleulUea occasu.nei _)
',,.,,,:, of the cbaugea aad alt?IUoBfl_thal take
olace trom naiui-.il caneaa ta the Kio Uraade anu
Colonulo riveia ln ihe portioBa tliereol eonati
tutina tl. ? boBBdary lme betwaen the Bwa lie
oubhcfl. Ibe IntcrnaUoaal Boundary Commtnflion,
provided for by tba t.eaiy oi IB8B, ta have
excluaive iuriadictlon oi anj qaeatiiw that may
ha_ been named by tha tiexleaa ?i..va.-nn..-nt.
\n BBDropriation ia neeeaaary t.. enable ibe i mt...
State* to iiiini na treaty obligation in ?!._? refpeet.
Thc death of Kiag balaaaaa in u>- ii.ite.
Sutcfl alforded oooaeioa to teatify our lrien_toUi_i
i,,r liaaraii tar BeaTeplBg the alag^ bedy to bm
o..,? land in ? naval vpBBBl alBB all due baaara
i ,. Government <-f hi^ aanea?nr, Qac<u- ujiuu
.. |_ iceklng Ut pratBate eloaer camiBe_aal
ndatit ni wi.h t..e Lnited Mate... Barven for
the in..eh-i.eeiletl BBbmarine cable from our 1 acilte
... llouolulu an in pragnaa, aad ti... enter
,. k_j .. - bav. ihe MUtable pvoaaation af BBa
two (...'.eri.tiie.'.t . I atruBgly recaowjeBa t.uat
uroviilon be oaadi far bapivVlai the baraoi ai
lv:--i Kivei aad equlppiBg it M a naval atatloa.
Tbe arl.itr.iiioi. tieaiv iormul_.titl BSf the Intei
dbUobbI aiwii.hi Uaaiereaaa lapaod hr ***_?* ?_
,i1(. failure t. exohaaaa rattfleatieaB fully aritbia
th.- limii ol time provlded ; bul ^everal ol tbe Oov
(Tomenta eon. nwd have expre.v. ? I a dflfltn to save
,s importapt re*ult af Ihe eMferaaee_*_ +u ?^
tensi.... o. thc period. lt i . ia *i ju<l. men . in
cumbenl upon tbe 1 r;t.-l fkatea to_**_*?_*?*
?tle ntia i litiative ii has taken la ih|t aaM bf
ratif\i..t the InBtraawal aad by advaeaBag.tBeaia
MMd axiaaBBaa of the t.me for exciu-nge. naaa
?iewfl have Bm made known to the other _i_na
tairif..
THF, 1.1 s.siAN ___?_____
Tliis f-nvernuicnt h..s found flaaaflfloa ta cxpres.,
in a friendly spirit, but with much eurnestncss. u.
tbe fle.llfl_ai|l af the Cflar, its -erious roiicern
baoaasa ol tiir feanh BflBmvi flflB ___?! b__b____
a__inst the Hebicws in llus-i.i. Uf tiu- ___d ol"
antisemitio |a_~_ _B_fl Ifl BflflfflB88i fllBBl numi~_
"i i.i'ise unfortunpte p.-ople have l>ecn coiibtruncd
to abandon their huic-s aml leave thc l.n.pire by
rca-'in of ihe imp.i__il.iiny uf __BB_?fl ?B_?_t_t
within thc pal- to which it is _ou_;ht to contine
them. The l'.iir.ii.rntioii ol these peopl- to the
lnited State-,-many other coimtries lH>ing elosel
to them?i.s largely in<Ti'-siii_, aud is 11 ?_?-!.. 10 av
luuip proporth-ns whleh may make it uilhcult to
Hnd homes and employ ment for them here nnd to
seriousl.v B-Bfl. the labor mark< t. It is utiB_at__
thut over one million will Ih? forced fTSflfl Itaaata
within a few years. 1 he licbrcw Ls flflflflf ? bagflltf !
he has always kept thc law-hfe bfl tail?Oltflfl
under sa-vt-re and BBfB M__ civii reauictiona. It
is -also true that n<> race, se. f. or class has more
lullv . tied for it* own than IBt llehrew ra. e
llut the suddcti transfcr af aaefe a Binttitude, under
__M_ttafl~ that lend to strip them oi their .n.ali
aecumii! ti.uis and to dcprcss t'u.'ir energtafl and
couiagr. is neitlier good tur them n<?r lor Bfl.
Tlie l_nishnii~t, wtaltaS bf dlrect dflfltcfl or
b.v not leas certain lmiirc.t _fl____fl. ot so l*__B
a nuniber of men and women is not a laaai
qaBSttaa. A deeree to leave one ooBBBf is, ia
the nature of tlunus an order tfl ciit-r itnoii.er?
some other. _E onsideration, ns well as the
Migge-tions nf liumanit.v. rorntatafl ampk ground
for the re_-~n____ce. which we bava present. ?J
lo Rus-sia, whilc our htatork triemlslup fot tbal
t.overnnicnt eaflBOl fflil ta give tta R_wmuac
thr.t our repre-cntatious are those of a sincire
well wlsher.
THE IllCABAOUfl CAHAL.
The annual report of the Mnritime Canal
Company of Xicaragua flhoWB that much co.tly
an dne.essury prepaiatatf work has lieen doae
during the year in the _____aeti-_l Bf ?__!-.
railroad traeU., and harbor pien aad breakwateiB,
and that tiie wnrk ol cunul eouflttuetta-l has made
some pra.grefs.
I 'lecm it to be a matter o[ the hlghft eonccni
to tne I'nited States that this canal. coun .-tir_
ihe water:i ot the Atlatitic and Pacitic Ocearu
and giving tai us a ___~1 w. tcr eoauBUBioatioa
l-etwecu BOT parts BBOB tlu.se two gieal seas,
should bfl ?!____ C'.I.sttUCted aud at tta flO-Bll st
araetteabk Ibait al i st. Tta gain la freighu t..
u.e paepic aad tta direcl . u_ t.. tta l_over_
iiir'ii ol mc bail i Statea in tbe iiac al lt* naval
veaaeh woobl pay tbe eatire ouBi oi tm. w>.ik
wiil.in a slioit M'lies oi yeara. Tne report of th-'
Secretary ol ita Savy si.ows tne _avin_ ln our
aavai .xpenditureo whi8_i wooid r i_
The brnator frooi Alabouia iMr Mo-rgan), ln
hi. argnmenl upon thta autajei before the Senatf
..t Im last n bhoi , did nol overealiniate tne im
portaaee oi thta work when ta _aid that "tta
canal is tiie BMBI iin,.- rtaut flUbjeCt BOW counectcd
with the 0O_in~__ growth an.l progt~_B of tbfl
i.i ited M-it-s."
li iiu.s wolk ta to bc aromotcd by the usuni
BuaaeiaJ methoda aad wtthool me aid of thta
Uovenunent tta expenditurea, m Ita bitwcBt
bearing aeeuritiea and ____k__ will probably be
,,. fot ibe aet-ual coal Thta will B__*~tate bigher
tulls and c .i.s.-ii.' ? a beavj aau all Better n ed
ii-hs i.ii.ii-i. upon ...a eonuneree and that of tiie
world. Erery dollai ol tbe bonda and atoek ot
Uie cou.panv ahould represeuf- ? doliar expended
D .... legitimate and cconomioal prosecution oi
u.e work. Thta i_ onlv paaaible by givini to the
bonda the guaraBtce ol mc l mteu __>_? uovern
meut- Huofa ? B-uarBBtee would lecura the reaiiy
sale a* |.i a . pei cenl boad, t-om dmeto time.
as the ui.i-.'v waa aeeded. 1 di. not doubt that.
imiit iip- ii ihc-e buaine_a meihocta, the canw
would, wne-i fully Inaugurated, earn it? flxed
.. ,- . . |~ r:.tiu.: .Mi/_?_?&. But if itt. bonda
,,c ,? \K. ;;.:.-i.- te i al i.i-ivv dtacounfi and evpry
boad soM is to be Beeoaapanied by a gift .<i
stock aa baa come to be expected by inveflton
in m? ent.-I'pi'ise-, the traffle wHl be rnoualy
burdemd to pay tatereai .^ml djvidend#. I am
r__? willitr_ to reeommend Oo_rnmeBi proni..
.i.iii in tta B__e__ion of a work which, ii_n..
other means offere I i t aeeurlni its eompletign; ta
,i i.iich timaaeeadenl IntereB tbal tbe uovcrD
menl ahould, ln m_ opinion, aecure it by direcl
ippi-i priationa from its Treitflunr.
V auarantee ol tlu ?>oml*- ol tbe < bbbI ( otopany
tr, _i, nmouni :,."?" flary to tbe compBtion oi thc
'-nal c.'iild, 1 think, Ih* ao given as not t>. Invoivc
nnv fleriooa rtak ol nltiinate loaa. rta tbiflg- | ?
be carefully guarded are ttie compk-tion ol tta
work wthin tne Umlta ol tta guararttee. tta suh
rogatioa of tta United Stalea tu the n-ln-. .-f tta
lirat-mortgage bondbolde_ for anv amount. ll maj
bav. to piv. and Ln tta rB-antune, a eoatrol ol
the sti.i-l. of the eompany aa a lecurity againsi
Ditauuinasenteni aud loaa ' :I-'-sl Blneeieu hope
that neither party noi aeotlnnal Ltnea wlll be
drawa npon thta greal Americaui prpjeet, m> fml
ii Intene. ro tta people >'f all oar St.ites, aad m
intluenti.-.l Ifl iflfl effeetfl upon tta piesugc aud
proaper.ty ot our ciminou country.
BA. IflflA.
Tlie island of !>ava.?sa. in ihe West Indian
group, has, uiulcr tta p."Visii.iis of tltlC tt "I
the Bevtaed Btatalea, bcen reeogniaed bf tta
1 .-esident ;-s apprrtainiug to the lnited Miires.
It contaim. gaaaa depoBtt, is owued bf the
!___? Pboaphate CJompany, aad oceapied aolely
by its employ... In Saptemtar, 1888, a revolt
took place B-BBOg '?ese _-___. resulting iu tta
i.iilii:-.; ot bobm ?f tJie agents ..f the eompaay,
eaaaed, as tta toboten eJataaed, bf erad treat
nient. 'lhese men were BTRBteil Bfld tried in thfl
lnited States Court Bf llaltimore, BBder aeoti-D
.,,;._ oi the atatate referred to, m if tta o-enee.
iiad been eonMiitted bb baard ? fl-erebaat veaaei
nf tlie L'Biieu Mut--s on U_e Itlgh aeaa. rucu
apie-areil on the trii.l, and ottarwtae came fo me,
?uch evidenci- ,i tm- bad Ueaimeul of the men
tuai la oonaidera-loa .-f thta uud of tta facl tuat
the Lucn hau .:>. BceeaB to any publio ultieer or m
bunal for prt lection or tta rcdreflfl ol their wrong,,
l eammuted tbe death -eateaoea tbal had been
rifliar-l bf me oouri upon tflrac ol _____ ln AprU
,.isr my atii'-itioii waa Bgaifl called to thta taluiul,
and lo tta nnregulated condition of thiuga U_eu
ii'v a letter froBI ? eolored labuiei. WHO cuii.
ptaiaed tbal be was flrrongfally detained upon thc
Saland by tta pl_flp__te company after um c\
pixation al ins eoatraot aerviee. a aaval ve*
?d was aent la gtaailiTl luto tta ? ?;__?? ot tbu
mau aud generuily into the condition of thinga
on the ia-iaud. ll wus found tiiat lnc Bboier
leterred tfl had laee/a detained beyoad tta tm**
irjct lunit aml thai a ooadition of revolt again
extatad amoag tta labbrera. A board of naval
i.iiiceio r.-j.'.iia-d... .1....- otuer thingB, aa i illows:
- We wmihl itesire to stot.- tuitner llut tne uia
cipiim- maiutaiuc- oa tue BlaiMl mxm* w ?? "i-11
. nviel .--tii'iiisiima ut. witboui Ita comforta
and cieanlines_, aml tbat, unti! more iittctui-.ti ia
paid t> _bc Mupi'iii'- "i tal_i_s bf pmciiig u
under Goverameui ?aper>__ioa to ineveni bub
undflrfltaodliij and ra_-_-prta--nlation1 aul unl i
aome ameUor_.tl__ taahown in tta tieatment o1 tbe
laboiera, itaai dtaordeta will ia- u. BoaaBiBl bc
ourrence." . , ,, , ___..
i leeommend legtatation thai ihall place labor
contracta upon thta aod ottar i-i.in.i-s iiavina the
re_tlon ihal Navaaaa haa to tta i nite i si u-s
iimier tlia- aupervtaioci ol a eonri eommtaaioner.
and thai ahall provlde, at tta expeaai ol ti.e own
i; i aa oflii ?? T ? i;'.;|i>'" i >? i
:.. '},i'\u.e aad adjoal dtapatea and lo enf
H oad humane treatmenl <?f tta employca. r
.-, Inexeuaable thai American ______ ahoald bc
lefi within onr ..wn jurtadictlos witboui aceeaa
to anv (...veriiinent of*"-er nr IlibUBal fnr tb_I
pfoteettaa aad tne iedn~a ..i their wrongs.
( "i'VKK.HT.
latnaalloiBl wpyrtg-ii haa i*een aMated,
in ;,?.rdaaee aritii tta eoodittaaa al tta _M al
Siarefa ?':. l8Bla with Ueigium. Fraaea. ?.r.-:.t
Britaia and the Hritisii I'lis-.-ss-'iiis, anl SwiflBBT
:.,:,',, tta _'??*?- of MB ' i/tintiics perinittin-; to
our eitizeas the laenelit of eopyrighf oa auKsia.:)
ti.-.M.v ihr MBe baata as fa their own eittaeaa bi
?abjeeta. With Uermaay ? ajBfftal ooniention
hns beea aegotiated apoa thta mbject, whlcfa will
brlng r.iat eoontry within the leetptaeal iieneai.
of our tagfl?fl?BB.
THK NATl'.NAl. TT.EA.I'KY
The genenl iutereat in the t_______-fl of the
Tt-a-'ury Dipartniet.t has t_?en mu. h aagBB-trled
flahafl the litfil v.ur by N88flfl "I tt.B__ti&|
predictnui.-, *.vl i-'.i iicc.i.in-in "d :m-l fl__WBd tha*
tariu and otlier leciblatioii of tta last Con-rre-s
flfleettag tta _flv___aB es t.> the tcsuit-. af _bta
legislation upon the Trera-iiry toA BfBfl ilic BBflfl
lr\. <?n the flM hand it was eaOtea-tB- tl I -
ports ..oulil 84) fall ofT aa to leave the TWBflUTf
l.iinkrupt, Bfld that the mt*MM 0\ -rti ta BBfl
ii'.to tta Itviafl ?'! the M**a\9 wotil.l U* s., enl..i.n ..,
na to <li_"flt_-u_Jv uffeet liieir flomfon ar.d bappj
new; whii.i iho oth.-r it wui arguad tbal the
losa to tlie reieuiie. lurgely tiie n'sult of plac_a_
sttgar on the fi-ee list would be _, direct mihi ta
the pfsiple; that tha- pritaas of tlie iiee>-i~ane? of
life, ineluding thoae moet hijhly prot*>cted, would
Bai I- enh-.iieed : tl.at Itlior would Imve fl larger
nwrket, au* tl.e product* of the farm aJvauced
prieea; while Ihfl IfeaaBBtp Htfplua and re.-eipts
would be adeqaate to meet tha appropriatin.-.s, ...
cludlBg the larjre exceptiot.nl ex.endiiures for ti.e
refundim, to t?-e Saatflfl af tbe din t tax and the
ledematlea of IT.e 4 1-. per cent lionds.
It is nol my purpose ta enter at any length
into b dlneoflriaa ol the etfceta of the legiaJetion
to which I have ref?r_?.l; but a brief
examinatlon of the Btatlatiea oi the Trea.v
ury and a gcucral gbuMB Bt t't* Btate
of hniinf? throuchout the eouatry will, I think,
Bt ??!.-. . ? ? Imparual int|iiirer that Iti r.-siits have
diaaapoiated tl.e evll pcaphedaa of ita opponent6
and in a lari_e meas.ire real./e<l tbe hopeful prcdto
.. ns t.f it.s friends Kurely, if ever before, in
tbe hiatory of the ooaatn naa there beea a time
whaa the ufoeee.ls of one tiay's labor or tl.e produet
ol t,ne farincd Rcre would paiahaflfl so U: .e an
amount of Ihaflfl things that enter into the livinj. of
the niawes of the pevple. I believe that a full teat
will t'evelcp the faet that the tariiT aol of the
Fitty lirst I !oBg_aa ie very favorable in its a' Bf I
eireet upon thc priees of arUclcs eutering iuto com
Btaa bbb.
EXfORTS AND IMPoRTS.
Darlag the twelve uiot.t'is f.-.m october i. i?on,
in Septaatbei 30, litl, the total value of our
fi.reijjn commeree (imports and exports .ombined
arafl $l,74T,880i4081 whieh was thc largeet of any
year in the hiirtory of tlie I'nited State_. The
iar.est in any previous year was in IBBB, when
our commeree amoimted to $l,t;i7,139,0?:<, and thc
laat year exeeede this eaurmoua aggreirate by out
$100,000,900. it is interestiug, and some will
Ih Mtrprlaiag, to know that durini: the year enlins
Sepiember 10, iwtil, our importo of mercliaiid.-e
aniouuted to 1034,715,370, wi.:.;h was an IBBMBBB
of more tiwn $11,000,000 over the value oi 0*
iuiports of thc eorrespomiing months of ti.e prc
eeuiag vcar, when tne imports oi mercbanuiM
were bbbbubUj large ia aauelpatioB ot ihe tarlil
legialation then pendir.;.. Tne average annual
raiue of thc tmpvru oi naercbaadiae (or tiie ten
M-.irs tiom 1B01 to 1BB0 WBB $003,180,633, anl
during the year endin_r Septeuioer ao, 1BB1, thia
annual average was txeecucd by $133,538,400.
The value nf Iree imports diiniiB the twelve
.n...itns BUdiBB September B0, lx'Jl. was 9118,00 V
:;-; more than ti.e valac of free baportfl during
ti.e correfpeiiding tarelve months ol the Beeeeding
ycar, and th. re was durlag tne same period B de
creaae of $100,848,603 ia the value of imports
..I dutiabie merehandise. The pereeuta;;e oi m>r
obandia! ndnuttad lree of dutv during the year i->
whteh 1 imv relerred, tne tirst BBdBI the new
ia:nt, w.is 48.18, while during the peeeediiut
twelve nao&th.s, under the old turirf, tl.e percentage
aaa 34.37, an increaae of I3.BI per eeut. it we
take ti;> si\ montbfl eadiag Septembei 30 laat.
which oaven tbe 0*9 during araieh supars ha\e
beea admitted tn* <>i duty. the per ce.u ol value
o; merchandiae imported f.ee of duty Ls found io
be55.37, whieh is a larger pereeatage of lree
impcrta than durini* any prior fiseal year in tne
bit-tory ol ti.e (Jovernment.
lf we tarn to export* ol merchandiae tne
Btatlatiea are full of gratillcatioB. Ti.e valae al
s.ieli exporta of merchandiae f. r ti.e twelve months
endm_ Septeniber 30, is'.m. araa $033,001,138,
v hile for the eorreepondlng prevteu* twelve montha
ii was #. .,0,1:7.11".. an laereaae of $03,014,031,
v ich la uearly three ttmefl the average an
iiubI inercMe of exporta of merchandiae
ror the preeedlag twenty years: this ex
f-eils iB amount ond value the exports
i>( merohandbe dnrlng any year in the Idatory
,i the Goverrunent. The increea. in tlie value
ol exporta ol agriculturc_ produeta during the
V. ar n ferred to over tae eorreapoading twelve
muntha of the prior ycar was $15,848,107, while
ti.- luereaM ln tne va'.ue of exportfl of maaa
l.ot-it -.! pradocta araa $18,838,340. .
[here ia eertaluly nothing m the conditlon or
trade foreign < r domeatic, there ia eertainlv nuth
_n _ ti,.- eonditio. ol our people of any eluss. t-i
guggeflt tl.at the e.\istin_. tariff and rcvoini ? legia
lation iK-a.;. oppraaalvely upon the peonle ot retardi
tbe eommereiaJ devdopmeat of ihe natlon. It may
...? argued Uial our eonditioa would i>e l>etter if
tarifl le Ulatiun were upon o free-trade ba.us: but
j. eannot be denied taat aH the eoBdiuoua ol
oroaperits and ol general oontentmem ar.- present
ln a li??? er degree tbaa ever before ir. our Uatory,
Md Ihat; too, just when it was pn.phesied they
would be in the worst state. Agitation lor radl
enJ .ii- ngea ln tariff aml Bnaaeial legiaionoa can?
not help, bul may leriouflly impetle. business,, to
the pi-...>;:erity of whieh s->me degiafl al ..t.ibility
... IwtlBlation is essetifi-.i. ______
I thlnk theie are eonclualve evi-lcnees tbat tbe
new tariff baa eieated aeveral great industriee
which will within a few y.-.rs. give employment
te aeveral hundred thouaaud American woritinij
men and womcn. In view of the aomewhal over.
prowdcl conditlon of the labor market of Ae
1'iiitc! States; every patriotio eitiKa flhoald re
joioe at such ? re6i:lt.
BTATE OF TIIK TBXA8DBT.
Ti.e report af the Se-.-e:-.iy of the Treasury
abowa that the total reee__a of the Oovanweal
from all floaroefli for the ii*:ai year eading June
30, 1801, were $458,544,338 03, while the expea
dltareB lor the same period wcr? $431,304,470 46j
leuving ? surpius of S.')T,"23!),7i)'J 57.
'Ihe reeeipt? of the liscal year endirig June
no, 1803, aetual :;:itl c*tin.ated. are $433,000,000
and the expeaditarea $400,000,000. F?r the
liacal veai ending June 30, 1803, tha estimated
rceeipti are $455,338,350, and thfl expeuditurefl
$4 11,300,003.
OPBRATI01I3 IX SILX'ER.
I'nder the law of July 14, 1800, the Seeretary
of tbe Treasury lus pnrehaaed isine? Augaat 13
during the Beeal year 18,303,113 ounces of
siiver bnllion at aa average eo?t of $1,048 pei
ounce. The bhrheei priee pald during the yeai
waa $1.3035, and tbe k?i?e?l $0.0830. in t-\.
ehuoge far thia attvee bnllioB than have ihv?
. $50,577,408 of tlio Treasury notes au.horized
iv ih,. aot. l be Imvest pii.-e oi sii_-i- teached
during tbe B?eal year was $0.0838 on April 83,
181 i : but on November i tbe market price a ia
..?uy ^?.i.'.i.i. whasii would give to our ailver doliat
u buiiion valne oi .4 1-4 oenta.
liefore tbe Inbuenoe of tbe pnwpective fltlvcr
tion was iclt ... tl.e market ailver wu worth
i, ,\e i-York about $0,083 per ouaoe. u.e ableat
advocatea ol free eoinage In ti.e l.st Oongreaa
wero iuobI oonfldeni in tie-ir predtctioiM ih.r; tn
punl_s.es by the li .wriiiin-ut tequired by tne law
.., i.d at ..i.'ee briBfl tbe priee of siiver to $1.3030
l-er ounce, whicb would maae tne buiiion value
oi a <(oll.tr 1"0 e.-nts aud ludd it there. Ihe
uropbecieu of the anti-ailver men oi di*aster.s io
risult from the coisage oi $3,000,000 per moBt i
were not Wlder of tue mars. Ihe iricuds of
fiee ailvei are not agraed. I think, as m the
cuuaea that broaght toetr bopafal pretlictions to
iiau^'i.t. Some lactfl ar- Ivi.own. The o.ports
of sllver Irom L-ondon to ladia tlurin- the tlrst
nlne montbfl of tbbt ealendar year feli ofl over
iiiv per eeut. or $17,303,730, oompared arith the
tame moutne ol t,,.- preeedin? y.-...-. Tl.e export?
i.i rtomi -ti ? silve: bafiion fiom this eouatry, wui h
bad averaRed for tbe ta* ten years ever B17,000,<
eiiu, fell iii the tmtt lis'-'l year to $13,707,301
tor ili Brat time in receat yeaaa, the ha
pcrts ..i siher Into tbia eountry exeeeded tha
,-N-,.,ris by the sum of $3,745,305. In the previoua
i-ear tbe net exporta ??? >tlver Erom the United
Mates amounted t.. $8,545,455. ihe production
nj the L'nlted Btatea Inereaaed from 50,000,000
, , [Q i>s.. :?, 54,500,1 30 m 1880. 'Ihe
Covernment i- now buyiBg and putting aside an
nually 54,000,000 ounce*. which, aliowiag i-.r
7 140.000 oun -t-s...' neu bnllion naed m ihe art?. is
c'fllO.OOO mor than our domestic peodacl Bvailabte
L.r eoi'ia,?-.
1 h?:,' the dcpreaslon m the priee of siiver is
temporary, BBd Mial a further trtal af thia legkhv
tion will mora Bivorabiy aflfeei it. Tha. tl.e bv
.1 volume of currency tbnaauapUed lor the
people araa needed an.l that lienelieial
reaults upon tratle and ;>ru.es. have lollowed tbB
le .alation I think muat be verj elear ta every
,.". nor flbould it l_ forgotten tbat for evei^
.,i theae notes iaoued a full doUar*a worth
-,,r buiiion is at the time deposited in fhe
Treaaun as a aecuritg f.r its redemptioa. Upoa
;?_,_., ,?,|.;.-.i. a.- ..;..'.i the tari.'l, my rccoounenda*
tion ia thal theexiatiBo lawa ??? glvea a r.li trial
aid ti at ...I'. bnaiaeaa brtereata be spun-d the
distressin--' inilue.i'e whieh thrcata of ladica]
cbantrea ilwsya Lmpart. Under exiatiag le^isla
tlon lt ih i" the je.wer of ti.e Trea .iry I)?'|iart
mftnt to maintain that HBflBtlal Condition of Nn
tional daaace a> v.eii bi ol ooaaaereial pceeperitjr?
the paritg ia use ..f thfl eain dolbuB an.l iv'if
paper reiiresetilatived. The u>s'.iran?e that theae
powera would he tieely and nabeaitatingly naed
! is done maeh to peedaee and aaataia the pre.-ent
favorable bnfliBaai eoadtttaaa
na tt.i.wi.i:
I ara stii! t>f the opinion tlmt tl.e free coLnnqe
..f siiver under e\istin_- BfladUlMM maald di*
Miiwnnlj ahee- oar baafaMBB tBtaaaBB at home
.-,,1 shtoad. Wi Baald pei bopfl to bbbIbbUb un
,,,,,,;_!,:? | thc i" ?? ii.ts.n_ pawer "i tba ;-">id **i
n,:\\.'T t! ilar Ifl our own raarkei . and in foreign
the atanp ffrBB R" t9%t**\ value to the
bttilhw eoataiaad iu aalaa Tlie prtnlueera of the
.ir,try. Ita fanuere and lalw.-ers, have the bitrh
Ml , it, rest that every ddiar, paper or coin, IBBBH
by thc t. ,\ernment shall Iw as jjootl as any
other. If there ia one le_~ vaiuable than another
ita aure and conataut erraad will be to pay them
for their toil and for their rropa. Ihe money
lender will protect himaelf by stipulating for pay?
ment la gtod, out tli- ialiorer nas never Ihvb
able Ba iio that. To plaee buqineia upon a ailver
hiwds would un'an a sud'.len anu severe contraction
ol the eunency, by thc withdrawal of aaM aml
geld aale. and aaeh an nnarltllag at all fBBBBB
as would pradaea B commerciu! panie. I ean uot
Mievr ihat a peapfc tto eareag au.i bbbb|BBB_i a*
ours will pion.ote flaafe a policy.
The poadaeeiB ol M.ver are eutitJed to just con
.ideration, hat ti.ey shoultl not loiget ihat tha
i-overnment in BOW buy inc and patttflB out of tbe
market what is the equivaleal of tl.e entire pro?
duct t,i onr flllver m.ne.. Tr.is i? more than they
thl?Iti a thuii^iit of -sk.r:; two yeara ago. I
fielicve it is thc ear:. et deaire of a ^reat majority
t i the people, us it i? inine. Ihat ? full com uaa
is.::.. 1 bc m.i.ie of Mlver just as soon aa the co
opeiation of other aat_M flBB Bfl eenured snd a
rat.o Bxed Aal wiii give cirnuiation enially to
gold ami fcilver. The businciw af the world re
tjuirer the ue of both metals: but, 1 do not see
an; Btaapatt ol gair, but mueh of loe*. by giving
np the present >\stem. in whieh a full use ia made
cl ^okl and a lurtr- use of ailver, for one in which
a.lver alonc will BifealatB. Such an event would
l)e at onee fatal to the furti.er progress of the
ailver movem^nt. Limetallism is tne deaired end.
BBd the true friend of siiver will 1** eareful not to
ov rnn. rhe yoal and bring in siiver monometal
ism, with its _aaaaaan atteaOaata, ti.e lo?a of
our gold BB Bafape ami ti.e relief of tl.e preasure
there for a lnr_rei eurrency. I have end.avtired,
hy the use of official and unofticir\l agirnei ... to
keep a rluoe observation of the atnte of ptibho
Beutiment in Europe upon this <i._____>n, and have
r.ot. found it to be s.ieb as t.? juatifv me in pro
p..-in_ an iBB_S_aaal conferenee. There is, how?
ever, I am sure, a growin_ senfiment in Europe in
lavor of a larsrr use of Rilver. and I know of
no more elfeetual way of promoting thia sentitnent
than by uceun.uiatmg geld herv A scarcity of
gold la the European n'nervcs will be the muat
persunsivp ar, iment for the uee of siiver.
Ilie exports of gflid to Europe, whieh b'gan in
Fehraary last. and eonti'.uel until the elr.se of
July, aggrefBted over $70,000,088. The net loan
of goH Oarlflg th* fteeal year was nearly wBBr
000,000. That no scrio. . u.onetary disturbance
rcaulted was moat irratifyin,, aad gave to Europe
fresh evidence of the 6trrm_ti. and stAbilitv of
..ur tinaneiul laatltutioaa. \\ ith the movement of
crops tl.e oiitflow of sold wns speedily stop|H?d. ami
a return set in. i'p to Deeemlx-r 1. ara h?d_ re
covretl of our gold loss at th.- port of Xew-.ork
$37,834,000, aud it is eonfldentiy lielieved that
during tl.e winter and spring tf.is aggreirate will
le steadily and larrely niereasetl.
THBBD0UW.
Tho presene? of a ftttt c;sh surpliis In IliB
Treasury has for many years been the aubject of
mueh unfavorable crifieism and haa furniahed an
argBSMnl to those who have desired to plaee the
tariff upon a p.irely rever.ue basis. It was agreed
bv all thut the withdrawal from eireulafion of so
large an amount of money was an embarrassment.
to tbB hBflineai of the eountry and made neceawry
Ihe intervention of the Department at frequent in
rerv::!.s to rHieve 'threater.ed monetary pani-s. The
surplus ou M.r.'u 1, 188 . waa $183,887,18088.
The poliey ol applying this surpltu. to the redemp
tion of the illleieeB NarlBg securuies of the I'nited
Mates waa thought to he prefcrable to that of de
positing lt without interest in selee.ted National
banks. There have been redeemed since !_-.? date
last uientioucd of interest-bearing flecuritica $2."iV
u7'.i 350. reaultiug ia a redaetion of the aaaaal in?
terest eharge of $11,884,875. The money whieh
had been fcBOfltted in haakfl withutt; interest haa
been graduafly withdrawn and used in the rcdemp
tion ol boada.
UM result of this poliey, of the siiver lensiation,
and oi the refundlng of the 4 l--,' par
ee:it bonds has heeB a iarge increase
of the nionev iu eire.ilaliBB. At tl.e date last.
named tbe fliroalatlon ?-.s $1,404,305,308, or
.<:_.( i?3 |>er eaaita; while oa ihe lst day af iJeeein
iier, 1881, it had lacreaaed la $l,B7?.36i,070, or
sj, 38 i?t ij.pita. The i.tfe. of the Seere ary or
r|,e Treaeury to the holders ot the I 1-3 p?T cent
bonda to extend the time ol redemption, at th??
option of the Uoveraraeat, ai aa interest of 2 per
eeut was aeeepted by tbe holders of aaaai aaa>
half the amount, an.l the unextended bonds are be?
ing redeeuied oa presentation.
THE WAR DE-'ARTMEM.
The report af the Seeretary nf War exhibit* ti.O
tCflultfl of an intelligent, progreWve, and busineaa
like adminisir.ition of a Department whieh haa
been toa aaeh regatdad aa ono of inere routine.
Thfl jeparation of Secretary PfeBflBflB Irom tlie De?
partment b\ reason of his appointment as a
Senator from Bhe State af Vermont is a sotirce of
great reg_* ta me and to bta colleaguea in tho
Cul.iuet, as I am sure tt will "e la Bli thflBB wuo
have had busiBCai arith tbe Department while
ouder in-s eharge. _ .
In thc ailimiiistration of army allairs some es
pecialiy good work bai beea aecoaipuahed. The
etforta ol the Secretary to redaae me peieeutuge
ol deaertloaa by reaaoviag tha causes that pro
moted it have Im eu so Bueeeaaful as to enable him
to report for the last year a lower pereentage of
desenion than has been liefore BBBBbBd in the
historv of the Army. The resulting money savlng
ia considerabie, but the unprovement in the niorule
of the enlistod men ia the most valuable mcident
,,f ihe relorms wBlflh have brouyhf about thia
result. , . .. ?
The work of securing sites for flhoie battenes
for harbor delenee aad tne manufaeuue of mortara
and gUBfl ol high power to Bqalp them. have
made good Btagieaa dtiruig the year. Tne pre
liminary work of tests and plaus, whieh B0 1 ?g
tl?-ia\ed a start, is n,.w out of the way. Snue
guna ha\e lieen compieted, and with ut; enlarged
shtip and a more complete eqBipflNBt at \Vaier
vlict, the Armv will soon ue alre.ist of Ibe ->avj in
I ua eonatruetloB. Whateaar BaavaidBhla causira
of delay may aiise, there should lie m.ne irom
delayeii or InanfflflleBt appropriutions. We shall
be greatiy eeabairaaaed ia tbe proper diatributtoa
and uae of naval vcssela until ade^uate shore
uelcnces t.Ve provitled lor our harbore
I coucur iu the reeommcndatioii of the Secretary
that tl.e three-battalion oigauization tte a<lopted
i.,r the inlantry. The adoption of a smokelesa
powtl _? BBd ol B modern ritle e.iual in range, pre
ciaion, aud rapldity t.f lire to the oest, now iu use.
wiii, I bape, aot be longer delayed.
1 ue projeet ot enlistillit inoiuns and or^iuiziiiT
them iuto seps.rate eompaaJCfl upon the sam.' BflBtfl
BA other soltiiers was mude the subject of very
eareful atudy by the Secretary, and ivceived my
approvaL Baaaa companie?? have ln.'eii coin
pletely or^an.zed ami seven more an* in procesa
of organization. The rtt.ult? of six montha' traiu
in? have mon' than realized the highest antieipa
titTn-s. Tlie men are readily bruught under dieci
pliue, BCQBlra the drill with tacility, aud show
great priue in tbe right d_sc,han.e ol their dutie*
and perlect lovalty to their oHioers, wiio deelare
that thev wouiil uiite them into action with c?_nfl
tlenee. Tbe d.scipline, order, anl eleanliness of
the military posts will have a wuolesome and ele
vatiag IbbBBBOB upon the men enliated, and
through them upon their irilves, while a mora
friciilly fceling for the whlte* and a greater r?
sj?et i'or the .iovernment WiTl eertainly be pro
niotetl.
The great worl; done in the Keeonl and reu?
rlon D.v _on ol th.- War Depariinent by Major
Ainsworth. of th- Medlcal Corps, aml the clerki
under him. laeatitled t<i BaaorablB laaattaa. Tah
iu ' up the worfc will. nearly ll.ooo c-ises hehind.
he . loaed th* faial Baeal year without a single eaaa
left over, though tbe new t ;>es ha.1 bMflaaM
.",'? |ier flOBt in utimlKT over the pre\-.ini?, year by
ixaaon of the pBBflBBJ lc'islation of the laat Con
TIIF. LAW DEPARTMENT.
T eonenr in tl.e reeommendafion of the Attorney
fieneral that the ri;rht in .'clony eates to a review
by the Supreme Court l>e lin-i'e 1. It would seem
that personal lit?ert.\ would Inve a safe guarantee
if the right of review in cases nvolving only flne
aml bBBflteeaaaaal were limited to the eircuit
court of ap|H-als, unless a conatitutionai questiou
should in B0BM way tf involve-l.
The ju IfflB of the C.art of 1'rivate Land Claima,'
provided for by the act of M.rch 'A. lsui, have Ueu
uppointed und tli? court BB$BBIBb4 It is m.w
poflfllbk t' gt*a early reli -t Ba .nmunitie* t*t_
MRBBfld la their develtptnent by uniettletl land
titles and ?<> establi _i the BsaBSaataa h.uI right ot
settlers whoae laada liave bBBB rendered Value.
les. by atlverw uml ui.toundetl ?laimj.
The'act of .luly 8, 1888, peavided for the in
eerparattaa and mana-rement ol fl reform school for
pirls ifl the District af Columbia; but it haa re
n.aiuid iBoperattaa Par tl.e reaaaa that aa a.ipro
priatiofl I. s beea made tor Bomtrticrion or main
tenaace. The aeed af auch an ii_tit.itiorf_? very
nru'-nt Mauy giria eould beaaved irom tlsaaaiaaa
livea by the whalaaoaai ia$aeaa_a and reatrainta
ai taeb a ashaoL I kobbbbbbI t'nxt thc neces?Bry
appropriatioii lie made for a site and tor ooa.
Btmouoa.
Tlie enforcoment bf the Treasury IV|?rtmenl
if ti.e laa arohibiUag ti,? emniag of Cbbaeae tn
tl.e Ualtfld fsfates has In't-n clTeetive as to auch afl
eeeh t. land troaiveaaelaeBteriag oar p rta. The
n^sult ha?t beeo to divi rt the travel to aaflflBBiealB.
in:r the Bortfl of llritis'.. Colun.bi . whflB_B BBBBBBB
Into tl.e l nited Statea at ol*.'ure point* along the
IVt.niinion boundary i? eaav. * rery eonaiderable
numt^r <.f Chlaeae laiM.rem have. during the pj_,t
year, eutere.1 the I'nited States from Canada and
v -\.
ihe tirtieero of the Treasury Department and o(
the Depaitmeut of Juatice have uaed every meaag