New-York tribune. [volume], December 30, 1894, Page 16, Image 16

About New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924

Image provided by: Library of Congress, Washington, DC

                
MR. STEVENSON.
?Ufi PERSONAL TRAITS?HOW MEN
LOVED HIM. ANO WHY HIS KINDLI
NESS AND CHARITT?THE CHARM
OF HIS RELATIONS WITH SAMOA
AND ITS PEOPLE -CURIOUS
COMMENTS ON HIM. AND
SOME CURIOUS ESTI?
MATES AND COM?
PARISONS-HIS IN?
DIVIDUALITY
London, December 18.
In almost everything thai has bei ? written "ti
Stevenson since his death, there is the noti ?f
affectionate regret. It is plain thru ii was
loved, not by his friends only, but by bis readers,
who, Indeed, became his friends. He had ;.n
st:ac! ir.g personality and ho put so much ? G
It Into his books that one who know hi-; books
well felt that he know th?? man well. I have no
other title to say anything abOUl hltn than that
which springs from this kind of distant inti?
macy. 1 never knew him personally, not? i-\rr
saw hltn. 1 wish 1 had. But 1 have known
those who knew him. and they, one and all,
spoke of him In g way which men very seldom
use toward another man.
One of these privat'? friends of Stevenson in?
scribed to im? years ago g visit he had made i"
th?? man he loved at Bornemouth. Btevenson
w?is supposed to be dying, "it is really going
down to bid htm goodby," said he who went
on that melancholy errand (m his return, his
face told the story He had seen his friend:
"We had very little talk. He was too weak to
talk. He lay on his bed, and nothing but his
eyes seemed to be alive. It is a question o*
days or possibly of weeks Rut his cheerful
serenity, his quiet fortitude, his gallantry. llis
though ? fui ih ss about others?? cannot gpeak of
it."
And the tears stood in his eyes as he described
the scene. There is a letter in "The Tiroes,"
signed H., which Is a suitable pendant to it:
"Seven years ago I lay 111 In San Francisco, an
obscure Journalist, quite friendless. Stevenson,
who knew me slightly, came to my bedside, and
said, ? suppose you are like all of us. you don'l
keep your money. Now. if a little loan, OS be
tween one man of letters and another?ehT
This to a lad writing rubbish for S vulgar sheet
In California!"
I don't know that anything can be ailed to
that. It can be no surprise to any one who has
read those books of Stevenson in which he re?
veals most of himself. There are many of them,
many with direct autobiographical passages.
But such books as the "Inland Voyage" and the
"Travels with a Donkey In the Cevenneo" show
on every pafte the kindliness of the man. He is
at home with every on?? wh >m he meets, and
most at home with the humblest His singular
refinement of nature never expressed Itself In
mere avoidance of what was less refine L H
did not hold aloof. Who but Stevenson, In his
etate of health, holding on to life by ? thread,
would have crossed the Atlantic in the steerage
or the Continent in an emigrant train? He dldf
It. say th-ise who think most of his literary
fame, In search of experiences and of mai
Perhaps he did. but 1 always thought the? un
avowed motive was one of sympathy with
steerage passengers and emigrants, and the
wish to make others sympathize. At an) rate,
you cannot read his account without seeing
that he was touched 1 y the s uff" rings which he
voluntarily shared, and that he relieved his own
>
by relieving others.
it was the same in Samoa. He won the love of
the islanders by loving them. He was devoted
to them and they to him. He io?ight their bat?
tles in Europe. Of that ihey probably knew
little or nothing. But they knew that he lived
among them as one of themselves, and that her.?
at least was a white man who had not come*to
Samoa to make Money ?ut of them or t ? op?
press them.?no, nor even to preach at them, but,
so far as he was concern? 1, tu adopt them into
the brotherhood of mankind. Samoa was to him
the promised land, or rather the land which
promised him health and the power of work.
He sold to her chiefs
"I love the land. I have chosen it to be my
horn? while I live and my grave after 1 am
dead; and I love the people, and have chosen
them to be my people to live and die with.**
He trusted them and they hltn. In his inter?
course with them there was noith"?? pretence nor
patronage. With these children of the S Ut h
Pacific Stevenson was a child; wlSI r *:?. i Btr 'tiger
than they, but with the simplicity and genuine?
ness which children have, and few others have,
?the greatest exceptad. We have sii read of the
ceremonies with which the late Emperor of
Russia was borne from Livadia i" Petersburg;
the people of a great Empire accompanying tbeir
ruler to hla grave. It whs a pageant not un?
worthy of an Emperor. And not unworthy of
Stevenson was the homage of the natives of
Samoa, who cut a pathway for his coffin through
the dense forest of the mountain side, at. 1 bore
him to the lonely summit, where he was burled;
with the moan of the ocean as his requiem f ,: all
time to come.
Such a nature as Btevenson'S Deedl no certifi?
cates from anybody, but it Is Interesting to see
what is said of him on th?? personal side by m? ?
whose strongest side is certainly not the person ?I.
I will quote two, Mr. Edmund Qosee and Mr An?
drew Lang. "When ho was Struggling ond un?
known," says Mr. (Josse, "as son.o of us remem?
ber him, he wae f.lways m idest, gay, loyal, al?
ways respectful to accomplished merit? always
merry under defeat, always pathetically grateful
for each crumb of sur cess. When celebrity came
Upon him his modesty know no abatement; he
never took himself seriously, never adopted pon?
tifical aits, never lapsed into the fatuous egotism
of the popular favorite." These last are points
on which Mr. Gosse is as g ioti a witness as a
civil engineer in a patent case. Mr. Lang, who
1s reputed to have a power of taking detached
views, says: "His was a heart full of charity
and affection, kind, honest, much suffering, val?
iant. A good man as well as a writer of un?
equalled charm, a patriot, a her? in hi.? qui t
way." This, again, Is the testimony of one who
is thought able to keep his feelings under re?
straint.
Stevenson was not priggish, says Mr. (Josse.
Most certainly he was m t. but does Mr. QooSS
? think his attestation necessary to reassure the
public mind on that point? He might as arsii de?
clare that Stevenson was not a hOUgl breaker,
But the subject of prigs and prigglshness is
one which Involves peril, or may involve peril.
I once heard It stated at a dinner-table; "What
Is a prig, and who are prigs?" The man who put
the question and thr-e oth-rs sitting by xver^
all notoriously of that species. If you had asked
anybody in London to select specimens?, these
men would have been named first. And not one
of them suspected It. Fi< m which it may be
argued that it ia of the essence of prigglshness
that the prig should be unconscious of his mis?
fortune. And, as I said, the further inference Is
that it Is dangerous to Introduce the subject un?
provoked.
And comparisons are dangerous. Why should
Stevenson be likened to Montaigne? The ad?
mirable. Frenchman was before till things a
sceptic. Stevenson certainly was not. Cer?
tain qualities the two had In common, but they
were not differentiating qualities. The bent of
Montaigne's mind was to the most serious mat?
ters. He is a critic of philosophy, of religion. Of
life. Not so Stevenson. In pure literature,
hardly any two men are wider apart. Steven
eon treated literature aa an art, Montaigne as a
mere vehicle of thought and a means of im?
parting his thought to others. Stevenson's fault
as a writer Is over-elaboration; Montaigne's?if It
be a fault?that be was colloquial. "I know not
anywhere," says Emerson, "the book that seems
less written. It Is the language of conversation
transferred to ? book.' So that whether you re?
gard substance or form, Montaigne and Steven
eon arc unlike each other, remote from each
other, and frith totally different conceptions of
life and of how it ought to be lived. And Mon?
taigne Is one of the two or three greatest forces
in French literature. To sny that Stevenson is
one of the two ..r three greatest forces In English
literature would probably seem even to Mr, ''? isse
nn exaggeration It is no help to Stevens.ois.
fan.?? t.. pul bim beeide thai colossal figure "f th??
Sixteenth century In France.
"II" had more common-Sense thati any French?
man Who ever lived," sais Saint" Beuve of ?0??
taigne. Is that the note ? f Btev? ns n's . hsracter?
1 don't mean tr.at the Scot was deficient in com?
mon-sense but that it was not his dominant
trait. Gallantry, kindliness, the love of what is
romantic, poetic and perhaps sbove all heroic
and adventurous -those wen? the characteristics
which Stevenson's friends thought pre-eminently
his -the friends who really knew h!ni and really
understood the man. A critic who solemnly pro?
nounces a laborious panegyric on such g man as
Stevenson ?nt^iit t ? he enpahi.? of inking some
! other than a merely lltenrj view: and that l??
erary view, as we have seen, ? perverse and in
...? urate one.
Il is noi > i-.v t.. l'in.l ? formule which sde?
| quately expr ?see so brilliant and many-sided
1 a nature, ? ?r Is II necessary. A Frenchman might
do It. ll.? has th?? genius of formulas snd defini?
tions, which the Englishman lias not. Bui at
; least th.? Englishman may refrain from bracket?
ing Stevenson with the one Fren hman whom he
least resembles ? am nearly as great a sinner
a? Mr. <;.-.-.?. for I might have left Mr. ?; sse un?
noticed, whli ii would perhaps have been wisest.
?I.? stands in ii" particular relation either to
Stevenson or I ? the crltl si thought of the time.
Bui I write u* a Journalist, end a Journalist is
not expected to c ?? *? p hi naelf with th??;?? higher
considerations, nor will anybody care whether h"
dow ? ii"?.
Hut I take it that if criticism whether of the
higher <?r lower kind, is content to attempt ?
positive and ? ?t c imperative estimate of the ? al
qualities of a writer, posterity may be :rus;,-i t>
determine his relative place am ?ng predeces? >r?
and contempcrarle? alike. The mean? of Judging
and not a Judgment are whal the public solicits,
or is lik.ly t.. accept. Of what a\a.l Is it i??
weigh s:e.?ns.n and Thackeray In the tame
scalca? Stevenson himself had a nice
f ?. tulty ii'il would have beefi the first t.. ice ihe
futility of any ?uch process. Let the great dead
sleep ,:i peace. There Is no occasion to ask
Th ? .?.-ray to li?? s thought more nigh Montaigne
In order to mak. ro >m for Stevei The world
after nil, hi ? it ungenerous, nor. In the ? ?ng run.
unjust. I: d ??? not narrow th?? entrance to Iti
Tempie ..f Fame, whl li Indeed is bul a tomb, nor
close ;':.?? door? of thst Para lise whl h we .-.ill Im?
mortality. Stevenson will fin l entran ??? snd find
his righi place, ll?? will take it not b? ause if
his similarity to some other, bul because of his
Individual merits,?because he ii Btevenson.
_Cl. YV. B.
II.
MI! SIDNET COLVIN'S ACCOUNT oP H ??
?.ATEI*. M? n ?I? STEVENSON'S PLACE
IN LITERATURE His SPIRITUAL
KINSHIPS HIS TWO CHIEF
FAILINGS HIS IMAGINATIVE
AND LITERARY LIFE HIS
LITERART METHOD!
AND THE LESSON
OF THEM.
London, 11 cember 19.
far different from the lucubrations "f either
Mr. Lang or Mr. Goose is the letter of Mr. Sid?
ney Colvln In today's i'... Hall (Josette." Mr. .
Colvln's aim is different, Hlc is s letter meant j
t.. bring consolation l Btet ? n's friends and
to the public, it li remarkable that his name .
not .nee mentioned in Mr Colvln's half-column,
That is a kind of literary tour ?le fi.r???? which
would have pleased "the brilliant spirit whl ?.
ha? jut passed sway," What Mr. Colvln has
to tell us Is that ills friend sgornot desire I
of days; trat death has overtaken him st such
a time and In such a manner as ??? would him?
self have wished. II.? always hoped f< r an
early and sudden death. During ih<? last tw. ?v??
monthl this wish had grown UDOS him. Bay?
Mr. Colvln:
" ? hay no taste for old ago.' lu? \ r ?
spring, wlH-n ho n-sll'/el that bis life might, after
all, I.?? prolonged to th?? normal span. ? was
menni ?? die young, and the ,.? ds do not love
me." And again, ? d ? not ilk?? th- t ?nso'ntlons
of ige." ? ?" not enjoy getting eld?riy.'"
What it is much lees pleasant to hear '? I
he went ..? working and overworking for iiore
money, Mo bad a larg?? in . :;;??. but spent large?
ly; buyltlg land, building, planting, lea 11 tig ever
a hospitable life, and ever giving. Bo it was
that he felt himseir bound to the necesslt) of
continual production. He would listen t., ?.
warnings. Nature's or other. And he dies from
brain pressure, brought on i??. overwork. ? ? r11 >?
tin? other day one of hi? friends was rej ilctng
that Stevenson, unlike Bcott, would never It el
the obligation of production for th- sake ..f
earning money. It is sold ?? ...?? ..f the tele
ci ? that h.? was haunted by the fear of
waning p ?pulartty, That also may bay?? spurt?.1
him on. His pride was touched. Imaginary .?*
was the rear,
So long as he lived. Stevensons positi m In
literature might seem uncertain. ? lyrg?? criti?
cism is not the strong feint of th toe English
writers who act nest directly on thi public opin?
ion of the time. There were partial verdicts
and hesitating verdicts, and ? .t long ago, in a
parodica! "f repute, you might have seen Steven?
son spoken of in the tone which Mr. Train uses
toward the Minor Potts, of whom be numbers
fifty or sixty. His death compels the most care?
less wrltir to take a survey ,,f his work; to Judge
him as a whole, and not by this or that particu?
lar book. It is as when the life-work of .1
painter is collected Into a gallery. S" soon and
so judged, Stevenson takes s placa apart. The
itimo noe variety of his writing produces Its due
effect.
Th?? variety of his writing was duo to the
variety of his mind. English he was not, mod?
ern h?? was not He escaped the limitations of
m ?? and of time. A follower of Duma-, of
Scott, said tii?? critics, time and igaln. Hi sold
so himself, out of an anxi ms loyalty to those
whom he r?? lOgntSOd as masters in literature. If
not his masters. At times h?? was a follower, or
began by being a f ?Uower, If that word is to be
used. It Is far truer to say that he drank at
th .s?? fountains, or In a French phrase which Is
as act irate as French phrases in matters of
criticism commonly an-, n s'Inspirali at those
sources. If he had Imitaten Dumas or Imitated
Scott, he would never have been Stevenson,
Thi re would have been no "Treasure Island,"
Still loss a "Kidnapped," or a "Master of Ital?
ianit?.?."
The last niniod book itself supplies the one
criticism which Stevenson's greatest admirers
must admit to DC tru?. It would probably be
his masterpiece but for the grotesque ending,
and there is often in Stevenson an element of the
grotesque, or of the sangrenu the Kreuch word
again expressing the defect more exactly. This
ran away with him when h?? lost 'control Of It.
I suspect he wa? COnsdOUS of his own failing. I
seem to remember that he has commented on It,
but I cannot remember white. So, on the whole,
"Kidnapped" remains bis masterpiece. There
bis Ronlus Is to be seen at Its best, or, at least, tn
its most perfect ond flawless expression.
Perhaps it will presently be thought not tin
least of his merits that In a prosaic age he was
a writer of romance, and that the Influences amid
which he lived had not extinguished his Imag?
inative genius. Romantic, Imaginative?those
are the two words which express qualities and
stato? of being the most remote from us as we
near the end of a scientific century. Stevenson
was not of his own time, yet of his own time In?
takes possession as one who comes, to his right?
ful Inheritance. No doubt he profited by the In?
fluences to which he never submitted,?he was
not a Scotsman for nothing. He has precision,
sense, a lucid method, and many other thins:?
which are of the period, and chief among them
a knowle.lRe of th" value of evidence.
Take what romance ?if hi? you will, If you ?rant
him his premise you grant him the whole. Hi?
logic is inflexible. His feet are Just ;i< firmly
plant.??! in Fairyland U am.nig Hi" rocks and
heathe;? thr.oigh which Alan Bre k conducta
David Baltour. it?? sail himself of "TreaMirx??
Island" that there was but on?? incident he C lUld
not d.feni. He thought it doubtful whether his
one-ieggeii her.aid have climb?? the stockade.
it is this closeness ? f grip, this unflinching ad?
herence to the laws h" lays down for himself, tills
fashion for verisimilitude, and his unwearied
pains In working out every problem mechanically
and mathematically, which In pan explain his
hold upon the real.?., and tin- reader's power >?f
belief. i
If. takiiiK for granted th" great Kifts of imng
Ination end poetic Invention, one were asked to
name In addition t.? his veracity one other trait
on whi.h his fame d? pends, I sh lui 1 gey distinc?
tion. He had and the two by no means always
go t ?getht r d itlnctlon of mind snd eli ? distinc?
tion of methods; In other words, style.
Then we touch the ultimate tc.is m. Mr might
have had .-til the reni end if he bad n il had styl?,
nil inif?ht have been unavailing, He wus quite
aware i.f it. He described In well-known
passages the pain? he t""k t ? learn to write ami
what kind of pains; what mistake? li" mad" and
how finally he found the right road. If he never
served a seven years' spprent'.cfeihip to any
master, a? did Guy de Maupassant :?? Flaubert,
he toiled el hi? own ti ide for near seven times
?i ven. His whole life frmi boyhood to his death
wa? pen! In hinten?.' . ? write H? wrote and re?
wrote. To ?? ? 'lcar end to be expressive and al?
a*ays to be b ; lose were hi? primary alms.
Afterward came color and plcturesquenese, end
the rest. He had, as he s.i>s. a wager with him?
.-? If, gn i he ? ? lt.
The best sn? ;d ?te In Rudolf Lehmann'!
" \ ? its' llemli : n es" . ? ol Th ? keray.
Lebm inn, a Gern Ih, told Thackeray he
had learned t.. reed English fi ?m I
Pair." "And thai was where I learned to write
?." ? ible novelist It Is ?
u tr itlpn ol the divera of renlua
St? . en? ; w mid have laid I ? tingle bo k
that it had taught him to write. But Thack ray,
whose nature was of ? more mietei il kind.
??? ? te, si la k;. iwn, ? ntlt ? illj und? ri ire;
thi pi Int? r*s ?!? ? II ar iltlng il t:>?? door ? ?? pj .
ani ihe magasine waiting, Patience and the
-ta Ho ; nd . rimental habt ? ..t Bt? .
were not ins. ? ? nt r up ? no <? imparti ? ? ? ? ;?;
on thli one point Each knew best what
c ?uld d ? bei :, snd t. .??. But Rteveni m li the
writer whn ?? pro essci the young writer may
1 ike ? a pattern, r u le, igaln, kn >w
not the ? f h s ni .?t.? m ?re than
his reader knew It, Th.? enten ? grea under
his pen lile'? so man) ? - ?
Stevens m c ii ? bat? descilb? ? to you
m and stag ( the sti u lure I es !i sen?
tence and of ii h paaaage, for he h ? I
rhythm, not ' in ?? onlj, bul ?' I
? ??? . and the ? fi porti in, on
a greal scale, as Fi ; th >ugh ali
um r?ns . is ? Th > mg ? tit? r maj ? ? 1er ? ?
lhal ; uni? ? ? ? ?? a J ?urn ??-'. In
which case perhaps he he l ?? tt< ? noi Th?? ??. ??
dltl'ins of .1 umollsm and of Liti il art ? I
Ihe same, an) ar?? pi b b ?? Irr ?? liable ?? ? -
when J ? ? ? ? Use ? in th* le'.
wa>. ? ? Litera!
.1 m nollai ? ? sible, r?an pie, in !?'? 11
R? nan ...
t?.??? two la not I
I will 'p. ? ? passag? In
which Ihe s Uh ir of the ?
? " ? ? early
g al ''il?:
All ? through ? : ith ? ? ?
known sn i poli ? of a?
ind ' ' my o?
pi Ivate h was to ? I kept
always two ??? res
t ' wr.t.? It As I '.v ill ? ,i:d ?,?. is
fitting whs) ? m? with appi pria te ?.ri? arhen
I - it by the madslde I ? . I ? .? . : read, or o
| . ati 1 s pei ?
i. ? te down tl
. rami moral p ting stani Thu ?
? ?? ? . it I rrote was foi
no ultori' f u-? . It waa written ? nai I u ?
practl It we not so mu h il it ? ??? : he ? t .
?.?? a:?. Milli ir Ith' ugh l alahed ihat, t ... .
I had v. wi ! ?!?:? ' i \ ? ? . corn to ?.
It Is plain lhal he ? ? ,,? ??,,?
t ' writ? . he waa lean g all \nd
?.?? ? ? as is ihe line betwi en J ? an ?
I.It? rat iir??. evei y s rd of I . ? Id
f r the y oing Journalist, if he have In hi ?
making of o man of kttei -. well ap ? ? ? ? ? If he
?. fore ? '? p. ? t ? i:\ .? and die ?
office, be may still practise these glmplc rules
with great profit to hlttu ? If and I his res I.-ih \
great ? ??su ;?. -is?? ; ???. ??? ?.
they ar?? nev r many, l ? , but he will
learn to hand;?? his tool ? ? ? . are th r a ij
In which he muy barn; Ihl-i i- me II ma) ? :
also that Btevenoon s/as bora with an Ini
for language: with s nal irai skill in ? ?
and us?? of words, if be hai token no paini h<
a ild have written better than mosi men He
thought it worth while to t ik?? Immense pain? in
order to write better than almi s? ,,? h? res ? In
order lo wri:.?. Th?i gas le of which he
.111 not seek t. kn.? ? - rol With all his
creative faculty, he hai ine critical faculty and
he put ii at the ervl ??? of the ? reati ve. Few ? m
il . thai A Iti ai chill ?.ft? ? si ips the flow
of blood In the veins and congestion follows. In
Stevens . ?? ? ngestlon, th?i s
was bul the Inevitable suggestion rs salonall)
inevitable if the artificial rather than th?? ortla
tic,
It does not spoil his popularity either with th??
general or with the Judl lous. Mr. I.mg says
; truly: "All his admirers were enthusiast! a
shippers, from t l : ' Mi Matthea \\
p id he won everj ? ite." Very ilk ly Mr, Ling
means ? fling si Mr, Arnold, ii whom he often
; bas g fling; bul never mind I/?; Matthew Arnold
1 stand as the Impersonation of modern tCngllsh
I criticism He. t.... was both poet and critic, ? tut
? will end as ? began. \u Btevenson's art ?n
subsidiary, G? ond II all, above II all, was Ihe
beautiful natun ? ed Itself In hi? a? I
! the m..re completely ?>? luse !iij art mi<?i com
? piote, yet whl ii wa? ?f Itself and In iis.df beauti?
ful, and With or Without all WOUld have W0? Hi??
lasting affectl ? of all who knew the man and of
> i.ii who read his b ? >ks. <?. W. s.
coi.OUED iOClETT is WASHIXBTOX.
From Tu?? Phils lelphla Pn
Tn?-re is a distinct upper else? among the colored
population of tVashlnjti. entrance Into which is as
.ilflii'iiit as ?.? New-York'? "Four Hun.ir??.!." It la
composed of non end women of high education
an I e. .ti .',??'. il.1,?? xx.-tlth. BlthOUgh Wealth II HOI ll
rerpiisit.? to admission Into the sacluslvs circle
There ar.? lawyers, physicians, architects, minis?
t. : , teacher? and member? of nearly every proie?
?Ion G.?|???????? nt. ?? Poi th? tie."? part th??) sttend I
on?? nf ??? church????, where fn?liiiin >.in? ?'???????, |
n? it doe? in the ?well ??? bit? congregation? of the
city. They hav? high-priced preacher?, well-paid
eholi . iini'v "'piippcl building?, snd altogether ar?
jus; as excSusfv? in their msnnei of worship si
they are In their lodai pat vail-. The Been? al OM !
?.f th> ? fashionable colored rhurche* on ? Sun.lax
morning is Intere?Inn and InatrucUve, Carriage?
roll up to the door, draxvn 1.x prancing hi.rs.-s an.l
?Htt. iiriK with polished steel and gilt Men and
women .les.???tel xvii.i ,ir?? dressed In th" txtreni.t
fashion, and who wear their fine clothes a? though
they wer? sccuetom?KJ to them. It l? noi an lufre- ?
?lut-nt occurrence t, (Ind tin- coachman of one ?:'
ihe?.? turnouts to be u l.i-whti-kcr?"! Irishman or ?
Englishman
This upper crust of colored society In?:? Its SWSlI
! ball?, afternoon t?Ms and other social functions.
? There I? n< aitemtit to ai?" customs or manner* of |
? the whites, and no attempt hi made IO Intrudi in
tiieir aoclety, It esn siso be ?aid thai ? he? Intrusi.m ;
of whites Is noi to|, ral? ?? in th? Colored circle. Th.? ;
educateli color."! ??<?? and xvunien ?re pr?m?l af their
sttalnment?, snd sre as avers? to ? mixing ut the
raes as the whites themselves it ihouM be Bald,
however that the ante of the colored population are
of mixer! blood. Tin re BIS few purc-bloO.lt il tifgroi-H
among th?in._
MOLLIFIED
From The Indianapolis Journal
"??h, JagKH." protest,-.1 Mr?. I.iishfnrtli. "I lilil ho
j hop?? yOU WOUld corn.? Ii..m?? salici to-night."
"Clad I didn't." thickly responded Mr. I.u?h
forth. "It I? w?irth th?? effort of K"ttln' tanke.I
any time to be able lo se.? 'sgOOdlookln' woman
'?.you are doable."
the BBEFOEBIBLB Pr.RSOs.
From The Indianapolis Journal
"When I K"t to heavsa," ?aid the ?mall boy who
ha* but lately begun the BtUdy of Oenest?, "(he flrat
thin? I am goliiK lo .Io la to hunt uu Adam and
give him a lkklng."
TUE CHIEFTAIN.11
SIR ARTHUR SULLIVAN S NEW OPERA.
From The St. .lames'? Budget.
Brightness?, lightness, tunefulm - ond local
(?..?or may be takep as tin- leading ? horscteristlcs
of ih?? new conile opera at the Bavoy Th atre, by
Mr. K. C Human.1 and Sir Arthur .Sullivan, pro?
duced before s crowded and appreciative audience
on wo.in? sday.
The plot may b" thus briefly suiauamriaed: Mr.
Peter < ? ri ut; goes for a photographia excursion In
tii.? Spanish mountains. v,hor.? ho i.-; captured by
a tand of brigando, whoae chieftain has disap?
peared, 'rio? law of these gentry is that If the
chieftain does not return within a certain time,
any stranger arriving In Unit midst on a given
day is ciocie,? |peo facto ? hleftaln, and be) omes
the affianced husband of their chleftalnesa. Under
pressure of pointed guns, pistols and daggers,
Mr. Origs accepts th?? Inevitable lio i a: on< ?
established a u?..? affianced huaband or Inez de
???aa, tho chieftain's deserted wife. The gang
boa captured, ond holds prisoner pending ransom,
Hita, a young Kngllsh lady, to whom Count Vas?
ques I? engaged, .md for whom re cue In- ven?
tures disili-? ? it:;,, th,? robbers' den. Having
sent th- ransom, he it; I Rita an ? '.? taed, leaving
poor 0rlgg with the ladronea. The Couni then
sending money :?: ?;:.-;:, ? ransom, th?? poor man
Is r. i-i '? ? on ? iri |i ?? ? ?,; .m ? the li idlng la?
droni s ; . dl ?? ? ? r. ? irch ..:' t?o ?, missing
chieftain. Ferdinand, who la tryini to quii Spi::..
To a\..id recognition, Ferdinand ?< ime? th.? .lis.
-?
iWd -
?-. '
%;?\ - ?
SeA-..
fllllil I A.VIi THE HAT
of s ieKy he falls In
a Ith and ? 1rs. ?Srlgg,
nd. The |
01 Com ?ostello, o Counl Kita,
? .? U married v. if? . are also
boni \ m".>:i. Th? ? to ex?
plain to his real
?a that would ?
ufflan l Spani h bride, 14.1 hl ' help
ilo by
Uns a
? a hei all ?.?.?'
I'tifortunati ly, In? ? md the lad
th? Ii temporal
? ?
1 ?
?
Mr and ? p
al. 1 il
The play o|
*
WLfJ&CJ
ib?
? ' ' LA I
and
very preti)
? ?ti "ludi ? Cedro
? ?
Tl Is 1*1
Mr. Hrott I 11 the la?
? ?
?
ff orni Hita I
..:, m 1 Ings .1
?h? ? ?? bells,' Ih? '.'.hi.
im;? ful th ilnn ile. ?" ? l'r<
\ . I . .? (Ml ' ' G ... : e of a
Iflei i'i' ?' "1 Ih
bandii Mr ? . m h an : Mil i . m a
ti.?.?- ..
I ?pea r a ? ? I I . .< ? . ?
? . - ? .rr it.? . contlvlty, the 1
mimi ngi) pi i\od by \ 1 I
?? ?.? ? bent. II?? esplalm ?
in ?? . ,:t. melj funn?
..?, ? .1 ' . 1 taking a 1
? .
..? .1 I loin 1 d ii.? ? Some exec
10 ?? ? ili ?? p ??: ih< band II ind the -? 11 ? ron ot
the lut." with wl
op? 1.1 style un th.? irrival m the
CoUliI and hi ??????
? ? : ,??
Th? ???.:. open* on
Up inietti II ??? i ? ; ? ? ,
"i Inn, .11 a pli lai. ?.|??. . . lire
M Uh ? u?tic la ? li ? mi. ??
?: ?!. al Pound? rnti
M ila fi I ni. ; '
xxiih refrain of "l'p In ? Kai Vfter
a plesaant
Johnston, ai M.traaiuli -, numb, ?.
ai? 1 l'i.m a ? ' i\ " M - ' I iff ? ' a
charm ??.? .? 11 ippy Und?." wl ? '
;?'.?.. harp ? ? ?. Count and Rita
th--n ??? .?? 11,? ,? : ! happy meut ? " ? ' itivi nt
de? (??.?.tu?. In l'ai
-h?? Kngl li, ile I In I ? ii. it
not.f t?.. I',:., t '.'.ni"
ihem. G?..?. tin- iti ?. break out .? ;?> wh?! era? un
doulili ? . .? bit of ili? even ... ? . u
"Ah ? u ' .'? ?. une pei innalre,' ? ?? te. il
itili Pre?en and m burles.|ue ..f grand ?". ra, Mr
Pound? ?? I Mi Ht. J entered tl . . t..
Ih" ipil It of I
qiialnl ????? air WS? I in 'ul. ?ofl ?? '
being ?uni e Ith m ich ?
li" ail,?.
again and in iln Tb ? ? ?. . ? ? ? ?- .. ?
pUl nini,? -".ne ?.? G??: :.:. ? ?: i, t! 'i quelli
? .f tii?? loi? . a (?ourler, li
. ipah.c han la ?if ?? ? ?, ? ? .? r
th" ? ing xx ? ? ? I il' ??? U Ollt. To a ? ??' 1 a..??.m
pan Imeni Ml?? Floi r ? . Do'lj >;?. lu?-?.
?Ing? .n la nt) '.'.il ,: l' ,,,
a x ?x a.-i.il- on? "T ??? ' mithin? in Th.-tt."
Al a Wh??:? the noel ? |? Iti??' ? ? nc'ul a?: 1 n
In th* matter of dialogue ani lyrics, Mi klurnind
. .m. xx ?.; . n ??; ih? Ine vi t,i .... :, with
? ?. ? :?? ??. ? ' lb? rtlan opera A rcga ? ? t hi n.u ? ??.
(hunch perhap ?omewhal dls-ippolnttng In th.? .' ?
net. in tin? second u Is generali] \??\ _? . 11, and
quite equal to sir Arthur Bulli?, in at to b t
t sTRASi.f RE COT E BY.
From Th" UMldoa S; ' il n
To return t.. ? roln ? ? ? ? :?? ??.? ?,,?.???-. ??.?? ar.?
tempt? d t., ?upplemeii our con'emporsi ? bud
by a ?tory which Ii quit? ?? reti ,rkab'c unj thai
h ix?.- hitherto appeared in It? column?, and whlcb,
t., the ?. it of om b ?II? f and ? ?? ??. ??, ;. ? , ?
absolutely p?< w ? ?'?:??^? \ ?? ?
case m st. ?, t r?burg, ?'hl '? h pat tu n Ib
land al '?< r ? ?? ng th? lati engraved upon
i?. Thi.- cig iret?i ?" ? ??. Itti ? ?n
prop? ri\, w ?? ?lo'.en fi.; by hii n il
lu rev.on. Bom*, yeir? a . rward, A, r.-h?c visiting
.m old illver ?hop In St. Petersburg rame upon the
clgarette*cas? sgsln The coincidence ?? ? curious,
but, when oni lu beri reckoned bp th?? chu.? ?
BgalrMl Iti occurreni II ? II b? found not ? reo
unlikely one, after s!l And ??? there are people,
xx?? believe, who, putting together several cane? of
a similar character, would ok?? to find In them ?
proof of some my?tertou? igencj working toward
some un?een and myeterl iu? end.
? FBEXCB MLSBPISO WOMA.X,
From the Paris R?publique I'ta ? ?
At the llttli x.i.i.;? of ?'?? nelle?, ? ar st Quen?
1,1,, then ?- a >.;.. l'in,? xx.au in xxli.. I? all.??;.?,I to
have been ssleep foi no ?? a period than twelve
? ..,?. Her nun? . Marguerlti Rouj nval Twelve
ysars sgo Marguerite, then .? young snd beauti?
ful gui of Iwcntj on? year? of sge. wa* delivered
of a chl.d, iMildi died aim ? mn edlati ly after It ?
birth. Some of the vlllai lp? would lux?" ,t
that tii?? child had been murdered, and ?o peraistenl
were Hi rumor? that at length a police magi trate
determined to Investigate the matter, Ac ompanled
i,x ? couple of policemen, he cnlleii on th? young
mother. At the llgfil ol the r??;i emen ihe fainted
away, and it Ii alleged that evci ?inco ?he ba? been
in a cataleptic st.it.?. Only once when needle? were
stu.k in her liesh, hs ihe evei utter? ? ? lound
during thsl time. The doctors ?????? ti ?? I In \????
to awaken her bj means ol electric batteri .. She
l? artificially ? d four time? ? day ?.in pepsin and
milk. It l? seid that offers hav? ?? en ? lade t.? her
family by enterprising ?bowmen in France and
America, wIij want to exhibit her publicly.
TOPICS IX PARIS.
HEN OF TMK TIME.
??G'???.?G AM? DB LESSKPfl TMK ?G?? OF OR
1.KAN'S KEaLKCTBO A NKW l'HKSIKKNT OK
THB BOCIETB DBg QBM1 DI I.KTTHKS.
Paris, December 20.
Mem t?os of the dnath of the Duc de Horny.
Which occurred nearly thirty years ago, ha?*?
been vividly recalled during tbe last week by the
??,ois.? >r' M. Auguste BurdoSU. Both breathed
their bui In the palace known gg the Petit Bout*?
bon, m I while holding the office of President of
the Lower H u- of th<? National Legislature.
Moreover, just as Napoleon in was the last per?
; m to s hli half-brother alive, so was If. Cost
mlr-Perli r the la.-<t one to bid farewell to his
tried .m I trusted friend, M. Burdesu. There la
an o?d aaytng in Europe t ? the effect that when
: man is visited by the head of the Suite.
his case Is Ind.l hop less, and that death fo!?
.? train of th dlgtlngulsbed caller. The
great Talleyrand, when dying, refused to nuke.
his peace with the Church until the esresaon ?us
if King Louis Philipps had convinced nini
end was really at hand. The three
es with the halberd on the marble floor
with which th ?? rgt lusty apparelled "suisse."
or hall-porter, of the ? til Bourbon gava notice
? irrivs ' tii Emperor may ho considered
as having constituted the leatb-knell of th?? Duo
le Horny, and when on Tuesday afternoon Issi
th ? peiiple ; ? the pal ? ??? bi ar ? tha c imlng
of the Prerld nl of the Republic announced In a
Imitar manner they pr . ired for the worst. No
greater contrast can be Imaginad than that which
?v ted between M Burdesu and tho Due ,\ ?
La h may be considered as having em?
; the p.? ullarlttes of th.? epoch In which
he lived, and of th? regime of which he formed
ispl -cays .1 : ?.? ? ?? spite of the Presi?
f the Cha >ei I ?? putlea o upylng only
the third place kn orde? of precedence, coming
the President of the Senate, yet he is in
... possessed f a rar Rreater degree of
pre? .ii Importance than
? : rmer. The Due .! ? Horny was th?? son of
? Queen and the ockn viedged natural brother
?f his sovereign, whereas H. Burdesu was the
? ? ? . ;? sllkwe ?\,'???. an I b.'X in lif?? as a ? or?
poster's apprentice, The manners of the Duke
were ? ?se of a grand seigneur, the oerfecUon of
? ? ; .md ..f high-bred ssvolr-fslre. wberssa those
\; Burdeau gsve evidence of his very humble
? ? latter, how? ver, leaves behind him a
. -iy and unblemished
- . ?Ting p' ?. while thd DtlC
M ; ? left an inn?? use fortune, notoriously
I by meani that wore questionable
his tiamo b???njr synonymous for
everything thai was cynical in an unscrupulous
and tiofari? us us.? of Btate secreta for peraonsl
wuh ail that, ?; Duke was Just as nec
ind n lisp rtsabli to Napoleon I' n< M.
B?rde u vN.is t. M Caalmlr-Perter?If If.
Iturdeau was more honest than his ' ' prcde
ai tbe Calais Bourbon it ?? be. auso th??
? ? . :i nenl Is more honest than that of
the Empire. ? ? h of these two Presidents of the
?er h id been the men of their time, and
that M Burdi tu -? uld have '"ft ?.chini hin so
I ? name I noi and Integrity speaks
arel] f the present regime, end must be a source
?? ution ' . all ?f-?? ' len is ??' Pi enee.
Thai M de Lesseps ?- r ? ? ? ?. 11 ? I likewise hive died
s. poor s? t.. leave his large family entirely de
? ' upon the annuities voti d to them a year
:!:?? Rues Canal Company has served I ?
? tun .th away any remaining bitterness on the
part of tin \i<"lms ..f the Panama Canal dlass
ler sgalni the chief organiser and promoter of
the uiif rtunate company, Indeed, sorrow for
the death ?? "Le Orand Prancsls," and gym?
pathy for his wl low and cl Idren are so deep and
rsal that Ihe press of evi ry shade of politi?
. il ..pini, p G teeming With abuse of the Pr.?s|
for not giving son,?? public manifestation
. f his participation In the : ?as sustained by the
nation in the demise of M do Lesseps. People
however, lhal t!'?? Prest.lout if the Ho.
publlc Is not his own master, that he Is far
more tightly bound down by rod tape, conven?
tlonality, precedent and etiquette than any mon?
rch ir r ynl personage, and thai he i.? not free
to follow ti,?? di? tales ..f hi* feelings and tbe lm
; of Ins Inart. It Is to this, and to this
alone, thai waa attributable tii" apparent la?
difference on the pint >?f President Ciirnot at
th.? time of tii?? .?bscijuies of Marshal Max Mah,.n.
when ail ehi ?fa of S'tate gave publie manifesta?
ti..ns of their sorrow, ?ave Franca*! Executive,
xx !i. did not even pontptMM ih?? enti ? tainni'Mit
and feetlvitlea at the Ely??!! oa the day of th??
fun? t il; und it Is t ? this, too, that is due the ab
lence f anj token *xf regret by President Parler
among those which the demiai of If. ?if L?'s?epa
his . ail.d forth from every crowded head In the
. ivillsi ? world.
Very Mink...? is the Indifference which ttic
????<? ..f tii" r>ukc of Oilcans at Brussels has
called forth m circles h??r.? formerly known a.?
monarchical. Finding th.? peuple who consti?
ti!:?.? hla father*? followers strangely reluctant
to . roes ih" Chan lei, hs determined t,? take up
for a sh..rt tini?? his abode in UM Belgian capi?
tal, with the avowed purpose of receiving any
..f th" adherent! of hi? cause who mlfrht choose
t> cali mon htm. t???? preparation? whi?di ha
made for this reception were on a meal elaborate
tie, ?.?? having hired the entire first Boor of the
big Hotel de Flandres for the purpose, and hav?
ing summoned to his side ih" Due Decaaei and
. ther young Frenchmen In order in do duty as
?? iialt- and gentlemen in waitina; during
th" reception. Instead "G his adherents nocking
in large numbers, a expected, barely thirty re?
sponded to his Invitation, the only one of any
iinpi.i inn.. being ili? "id Duo de Broglia. In
? : . ?h ? who!? reception has fallen Hat, proved
? dismal ii.is??... and servad to impress upon
everybody the fart that the monarchical senti?
ment died otti in France with the ?lemise of th"
Comte .?<? fuis, ir additional proof of this were
needed, i: would be the utter Indiff?rence mani?
fested by tii?? press and by '.in? public with re?
gard ' ? Hi?' sayings ami doings of this young
and Inexperienced pretender, who has >i me noth?
ing to make himself .1 favolile with the p?opi??,
and does ? 1 even enjoy tin? reputation for re
spi lability which constituted tlie main stroinj
hold "i' hi:? father upon th?? 1 mids of a large see?
tion "i" tin Fri neh bourgeoisie;
Aurelian Bcholl, who lins ju.?t been elected
President of ths Bod?t? de? dens de I.-'ttres, the
m .st important literary organisation In Pans, ?
although of provincial birth, the typical Paristaa
wiio imparts to ins literature all that lightness,
that wit, tii.it amusing cynicism and bugou fur
which th.? boulevardlera arc celebrated. H?? \* a
?Iugular!) clever free lance of th?? pies? and noted
r.ir his readlnega 10 bach up the statement* of his
trenchant ????? with hi? squnUy skilful sword, ills
.m? 1 ??. have been numerous und ?unie of them
sensational! Mpectally that which he fought with
, the I'omie de Dion, whose conduct toward the
1 ill-fated Ducbeeee ii?? Gt??|??? h?? had held up
I t.? bttbllc obloquy In the pre??. He lives almost
1 entirely on the boulevard? and practically makes
his home in the oiuha and famous cabarets.
Somewhat of a swashbuckler, he prides himself
in believing neither in Ood nor In the devil, and
passes for a cynic who h. s no illusions and to
whom nothing Is sacred. Ils writings have been
most prolific. Not only has he published numer
ous novels, but I have also known him to be wrlu
ing simultaneously for no less than twenty papers?
He has also figured as a nowspap t proprietor oasi
?idltor, his strangest venture in that respect be
Iijr "La Na?ade,*1 an india-rubber print intended
for bathers and meant to bo toad In the water.
Hut It is as a chroniqueur that ho Is best knowtj?
and so fond is ho of hi., profession that when
(lambetta, who was exceedingly fond of him
and an intimate friend, offered h'm th?? lucratif?
post of Consul-Genernl ti Antwerp, he declined
It. rather thin lernst his belosed Paris. ? ? Joined
the ranks of the Boulsnglsta St on- tini.?, but
only remained with them : a' a few days. On
finding that their programme was. in his opinion,
subversive, he courageously Wl ite as much to the
papers, saying that h<? like 1 Boulanger rery much
but that he liked Franc more, thai a.- a lad he
had scinone coup d'?.?. (thai of ??"?? ini that he
had no wish to witness anotsjir. As s ronroisa
tlonallat, Aurellan Schoii ?- most brilliant and in?
terrstins;, ani when he posses over t" lbs ma?
jority French literature and. above all, Par?.-.an
journalism sill suff"r an Irreparable 1
Then? his been a regular procession "f people
during the last week t., the c lundi of state for
tho purpo.?.? of pros? .itin? petitions for perrnlsaton
to change their patronymics. In ? ? h case they
have borne the nam?? of Dreyfus, a very . >mmon
name, especially among those of Alaatian and
Hebrew descent. The faci is that the nam.? of
Dreyfus ha? bee me ? ? red with so much op?
probrium, t'usi by rese ? of the court-martial
againsl Captain Dreyfus of the headquarters
staff for treachery, and se ondlj by the arr'-st
of Editor i'ajnill?? Dreyfus, of the "Nation," for
blackmailing, that persons bearing this name
ha?.??? been actually dismissed from their employ?
m^nt ?t subjected to ostracism and contumely,
although In no wis?? related ? ? either of the two
prisoners. There la even s case on ? ??? rd of a
leading tradeaman here who has Just broken off
his daughter's engagement solely on the ground
that bei Banc?'l nani.? of Dreyfus was OVtr
shadowed by too mu h disgrace.
? WHITE SLAVE.
FATHER ROSeiONOLre ESCAPE. '
Pairo Letter Id The London Oropblc.
I was Introduced to l-'ath.-r RosalgnoU b> Mijor
vVlngate the day after his arrival in Cairo. The
father came Into th?? room bent. 111, and weak,
still suffering from the effects of his terrible rush
for life through the desert; he was in that dosed
condition which a man must be In when, after
months of overstrung nerves, anxieties. risKS of
capture, death by beheading, or perishing of hug?
ger or thirst, he at last finds himself In th?? midst
of civilization and plenty. Repeatedly be had to
be asked to tak?? a s.a? ?? fore doing BO, for II. on?
day it is difficult to grasp I you. who
have for lifteen year; been 0 aptIve, slave, the
menial of s iva,?.?-. IK al with those
around you. As h?? ?al In front of m?? with his
hands folded, slttlm,' on the ver? edge "f the chair
as If afraid to ... . ? mself comfortably, he gave
me the idea that lie was st.ll lo mind .11 ti.?. Bou
dan, that thi-- v. 1- onl) s dream about
his ?scape, and that h?? would soon wak?. up
smarting with the blows of the lasa which awaked
/
FATH Kit ROSeiOSOLt.
him for >ears. His eyes seemed to wander ren.d
the'place trying to decide whether he was not
laboring under som.? optical delusion. He had tee
groa teat difficulty Is tin line words in h.s. mother
tOOgVS Italian to express the -:mplest sentences,
and at once reverted to Arabic, prefacing eacS
reply with the term of salutation with which he
had for years replied to th.? qusettsa? of Mg < ??P
tors. When told that a ?r. at English paper wis-h?d
10 publish his portrait, he merely situi. 1 0O0]Ul0S>
cen.e bow??.! his head as if to the inevitable, -nd
OS thoiijrh he had 00 power I'? refuse.
It was a study t j see the changea Which ? ISM
over Father RoSStgnOlt's face when he do:.tic 1 one?
again the robes h.? had escaped In, while the ; >
toirraph was to be taken by one of those red coatg
whose cornimi had boon ??? anxiously looked I rward
to elsht years a(?o; th?? features > Imaged at so ???.
the eyes glistened, ani now. for the ftrst tint?, he
seemed to resila? that he really he I - ?; '? trut
MAJOR G R. \\ ???',?TE, 1? E 0
the Mahdlst uniform wa- pat on again for the pur?
iMses of photography only, snd thai the .?: ? --alt
which he had been provided \>ith to travel to Coir?
! from the frontier In would in a few hours' ne*
rue piace to bla prteatlj rob a
Tin? socape of the nuis, father Ohrwalder, and
? ?????\ Pather Rosslgnotl >'?'??' sil planned ?>\ M?J r
W Inga te, u s. 0., with the greateoi ?ecr* ? Th.re
is probabl) no one living ?roo knows -.> much about
j the Upper N;ie un I its people as docs Major Win
aate, and being on Ara..? scholar, h? ?- able to
lay all his plans without outside aid excepting that
I of the KUKie be ?elects On caci ocsoolon h*1 ?'?*;
, arranged th?? escape ol in. captives, be has Blnu? '
. drawn up the Arab..? contract with the suido, sealed
: this up. mil w lit.sl patiently for nioiuns for new?
I as to how his plan? wi re ?ucooedtns, ??'"' then soaso
tine morning the world Is Informed that >et aa?
I other ol the Mali.list captives has reached Egypt
I Por the present escape Major \\ innate employed
I Abdulla Mohammed ??mar. of the Ashisb sed en
of tiie Abada tribe, who ?as born at Darau, near
A-Mun. This guide, though In ? misure paid tar
? his undertakitiK. eertslnl) deserves a medal fr.an
one of th.? bussane societies al home, but. as/or?
tunately, uK that be oil do must, tor the time b#
Ing, remain .1 sealed io..k. tl I? Interesting to know
that one of th.? witnesses to Major ?VIngOteO !???*
nature In the contract with this mau was Father
Ohrwalder himself then only lately returned to
Egypt, unnecessary to s.iv (hat s different guide
has been employed en e ich it cani >n, for once he ha?
effected the ?scape ot a prisoner he forteti* h.s
life should he over return to the Soudan.
During ,.m talk .1 moot Interesting episode took
plac. .Major Wtugato carried into the room what
appeared to be a hatter >d old caldron, and yet thi?
very thin? WSS used in the same way as the Turks
of old used th?? b inner ,.f the prophe;. It Is the shell
of an old drum made, aw the inscription informs ua,
TOO ?ears a?? by tbe King of llenl Untata; **) years
later this drum of victory ?s? wrootad from tho
t'maya bv tne King of Abyssinia It ?as later cap?
tured from the Abyswinians by the King *>f Senaar,
and In IM3 wa?' capuired by "the Mal. li. This very
object was the talisman reni around the tribes under
a ?troiiK ?scort to incite them to a rsUglous and vic?
torious war; It was taken at'th'? recapture of Tokar
in 18*1. and Is now the property of Major Wlngate.
It was with no unmix a feelings thai Father ????
slgnoll looked once again upon the old relic which
hod. with It'i essoclatians and the superstition? sur?
rounding- it. cost thousands of Uves and kept kiss
prisoner tor llftceo years.