New-York tribune. [volume], June 23, 1907, Page 2, Image 46

About New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924

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A fresh appeal has recently been made for the
preservation of the big same of East Africa.
Jtapidly. as compared with the age? which hav<->
been consumed in evolving them. the great ani
mals of the earth are disappearing everywhere.
The whale is becoming scarcer year by year.
The plates no longer tremble beneath the hoofs
of the herds of the American bison. To find a
white rhinoceros Is «ojisidered worth months of
wandering over the parched veldts of equatorial
Africa. Before the railroad and the gun the
preat game is retreating to the fastnesses, and
there are left fe-.v spots on the globe where the
sportsman may find th© giant dc .endants of the
fauna of other eras.
Almost the only place where onr» may fro to
find big game in abundance is the equatorial
region or Africa. There one may still find the
big African elephant, the rhinoceros, the hippo
p.tamus and the crocodile, which have almost
disappeared from their historic home, the Nile;
the giraffe, the silent footed Hon. the leopard,
the slow moving eland, the zebra and various
gnemben of th» antelope family. It Is evident,
however, that unless measures arc taken to pro
tect them they will disappear as their kind al
ready have done in South Africa. Fifty years
ego that part of Africa teemed with the same
kind of animals.
Unfortunately for the giraffe, his skin wag «
■orisltT suitable for long hip lashes such as the
'Boer needed in urging his trek oxen over the
veldt The African elephant has fine tusks. They
are much larger and more desirable Than those
•found on the Indian elephant. The elephant can
keep race with the arrows of the blacks, even
though they be poisoned, but with the breech
: loading rifle in the hands of the reckless sports
•tnan and of recent years also in those if the ir
"responslble ebon native, the elephant falls behind
la the struggle for existence. The tiny bullet in
fits effectiveness may be a triumph of the inge
nuity of man when it can bring to his knees the
'plant among animals, but sometimes one re
tj,Tets its capacity when one realizes that the life
'of an animal which has required twenty-five
lyears to mature has been cut off in the twinkling
'of en eye. The white tailed gnu, the bontebok.
! the blesbok. the true quagga, the mountain
eebra the roan antelope, the Cape buffalo, the
Wcalled white rhinoceros, the black rhinoceros,
the hlppotamus and the ostrich have all disap
peared from the Cape region. These animals are
elso disappearing from their last stronghold, the
'equatorial district.
It is said that only a few years ago most of
•these animals showed no fear of man and wan
dered about in Us vicinity with impunity, living
at peace with him. To-day the elephant evades
man and is with difficulty found. Travellers in
those regions describe 'he tricks by which the
elephants have learned to avoid him in their few
years of knowledge of the white man and his
gun. Some of them are tricks which would do
credit to an even more sagacious animal and re
mind one of the sagacity of the American Indian.
THE CRAFTY ELEPHANT.
The elephant uses his trunk and his olfactory
organ to learn of approaching danger. In East
ern Africa he frequents the bills In order to take
advantage of the frequent changes In the direc
tion of the wind which occur as the sun changes
Its latitude Throwing his trunk into the air
I from time to time he can detect the approach of
xnan from a considerable distance. Then off he
and his fellows go at a speed that will tax the
Fv.iftest runner. This he will maintain for
hours, making It difficult to keep up with him.
"When he and his fellows decide it is safe to stop
they take shelter beneath •, grove of trees, where
they Blind in absolute silence for hours— that Is,
Filence £0 far ?s it is within their power to con
trol it. i Unfortunately there is one dew which
they cannot conceal: It is the noise of digestion.
The great bulk requires large quantities of food
|k lor its maintenance, and the operation of digest
■i ing the branches and foliage in his mammoth
laboratory can be heard for enough away to
gerve as a guide to the hunter.
The evidences of the destruction of large num
txr.- of elephants may be found in the Ivory
market?. In the Antwerp market alone it is
■aid that the tusks of 18.500 Congo elephants
ere received each year. The African elephant
HOW HE PROCURED ORCHARD'S CONFESSION
Brilliant Work of James
McParian, the Noted
Detective.
More than thirty years ago James McParlan
earned a place among the leading detectives of
the world by putting the murderous Molly Ma
! gruire organization of the Pennsylvania coal
! miners out of business. Now. at the age of
1 cixty-three. in securing full confessions from
Harry Orchard and "Steve" Adams, the alleged
mult.l-murderers of the Colorado and Idaho gold
and silver miners, he has rounded out his laurels
as the most effective administrator of the "third
I degree" ever known.
Ever since he donned th« rough garb of a coal
miner and as James McKenna worked himself
Into the position of a Molly Jiaguire chief, he
• has been on the rolls of the Pinkertons. and at
I the home office of that great agency in lower
I Broadway they are nearly as proud of him as
; they are of the record of Allan Pinkerton. who
j did so much through his work as a spy in the
! Civil War.
! After breaking through the crust of 6llence
Which usually surrounds the Pinkertons and
their methods, a Tribune reporter yesterday
learned something of the ways and means by
, which "McParlan the Masterful" drew the truth
from the lips of Harry Orchard, who Is Just now
j the star witness against Secretary Haywood of
. tha Western Federation of Miners, whose trial
! for his life at Boise is proving one of the most
sensational in American criminal history.
i "The detailed Etory of McParlan's successful
ferreting out of many crimes of the Inner circle
of the Western Federation In Its long and bloody
struggle with the Mine Owners' Association will
not come out until th» 'old man* takes the wit
ness stand In the Haywood case," said one who
had worked with him In the West, and who re
cently talked the case over with this Western
Sherlock Holmes. "It goes back almost to the
I organization of the Western Federation of Min
ers In Butte In 18&3. for McParlan was then
superintendent for the Western mining states,
and It was necessary for him to keep an eye on
cuch things.
, "When a cage of miners was dropped one
E thousand feet down the Independence shaft and
: fourteen non-union miners blown into small
j bits at the railroad nation at that camp Mc
'. grtan, old as he was. decided that it was time
i for him to get to work In earnest.
■
: A CRAFTY SLEUTH.
"He was close on the trail of Harry Orchard
when ex-Governor Frank Steunenbcrg was
blown up with dynamite, as he was about to
enter Us farmhouse on the outskirts of Cald
•*■'.:!. Idaho. If the hand of this cowardly soar
tferer had been stayed a week longer he would
have been arrested on one of th« many murder
charges which McParlan had slowly but surely
■worked out. A desire to secure conclusive proof
against th« rcfen higher up alone prevented tho
U g«lxure «C Orchard, and probably cost ex-Gov
\^-^T7"' -'■ ■■-'■'■ '■"- -" "T- '""~ •' ' - "'
has murh !.irg«r tusks than the Indian ele
phant. A piir weighing 450 pounds were once
taken In Africa, toe of which is now In the
British Museum. The average weight for a
pair, however, is ab-iut one hundred pounds.
compared witfi about forty-five pounds for the
Indian elephant. The ivory from th^ female
elephant Is preferred above all other ivory for
billiard balls.
It is asserted tha? in the whole vast Kilman
jaro district, where thousands of elephants a
few years aco lifted their bulky forms across
the vt-Mt. there are to-day not more than '2M
or ;■;•*> left.
THIR?T FOR IVORY.
"Th- thirst for ivory." said Mr. Schillings,
"has for many years been the cause of the for
mation of armi-d hordes in German East Afrit a
These hordes will pursue tht- elephants with
powder and shot on their own account or ar«
hirod by native agents. They often travel
through whole districts, clenring the space en
tirely of elephants. They are exceptionally well
armed with riiVs and are accustomed to hunt
large elephants in bands of three or more. They
hunt them In thi-ir customary refuges— ln dense
j'ingle — and fire only when quite close. They
take flight after a few shots, ns the animal often
nmJf*s a rr.sh toward dense clouds of smoke.
Ofton they follow wounded beasts for several
days. Every rifleman marks his own particular
shot r.ith a peculiar sign In order that it may
h.-> ascertained who erne the death wound
"All of the year 1898, the r..-«t!ve 'political
agent' of the station at Moshi had a monopoly
of elephant shooting In Kilmanjaro His people
traversed the whole district in large hand?. The
practised and trustworthy people of the com
pany provided !h>- caravans with wild game of
all kinds, tho best shots devoting themselves to
elephants. At some spring's I found dozens and
dozens of rhinoceroses, murdered by these
'Makua.' They also succeeded in destroying
numbers of giraffes, much sought after on ac
count of their hides. Tlie same reports were
heard about other parts of the country at the
same time.
The rhinoceros also is dependent upon his
sense of smell for security. His great hide pro
tects him against the onslaughts of other ani
mals and the arrows of the native, but against
the fleet and penetrating 1 ullet it is of no avail.
When his huge hulk rises in tho grass against
the sky he presents a tempting mark. Unlike
the elephant, he has a feathered sentinel to
warn him of the approach of man. Usually
when at rest a bird, known as the rhinoceros
bird, alights upon his back for th« purpose of
feeding upon the vermin whl^h annoys the big
animal. His entire back is sometimes covered
with the friendly bird?. He sleep? [n peace, cer
tain that when the sharp eyes of the birds de
tect the approach of an enemy they will fly
away. Thus warning him.
THE WHITE RHINOCEROS.
The horns of th<-- rhinoceros make him valu
able, for they are not Infrequently three feel
long and have been known almost rive feet in
length Sometimes coast traders receive bundles
containing the b^ms n f four hundred rhinocer
oses, each of which was at least fifty years old
when killed.
The co-railed white rhinoceros, which hns
been almost exterminated, ne»t to the elephant
is the largest mammal treading the face of the
earth Half a century ago the I
fo rmmeroTis that English sportsmen were able
to till sixty of them In the course of n few
months in the neighborhood of the Orange River
and Zambesi
The white man, rather than the black, !i re
sponsible for the destruction of the rhinoceros.
It is told of German who went to Briti:- 1
Africa in connection with a Utopian undertak
ing »bat after his political scheme fail<
with a companion, applied himself to the reck
lrt? siauehter of big game In the course of
two or three years he killed one hundred and
fifty rhinoceroses, being himself finally killed by
one His companion shot on« hundred and forty
more.
Owing f o the slo-,v propagation of the rhi
noceros, it Is estimated tha f Bhould no more b»
killed 1* would require several centuries to re-
JAMES M'PARLAN.
The detective who obtained Orchard's confea
eion and years ago broke up the Molly Ma
guires.
ernor Steunenberg's life, but who can say that
he died In vain if the terrorists of the 'Inner
circle* are brought to Justice?
"Orchard drew the suspicion of the local
authorities at Caldwell, was arrested by them
and taken to Boise for safekeeping In the pen
itentiary. There McParlan visited him for the
first time, and In a few days his marvellous abil
ity at drawing out confessions had turned Or
chard from a blustering prisoner who defied the
authorities to prove anything against him Into
a penitent who was willing to tell every detail
of his crimes and to Involve the highest officials
of the Western Federation as direct participants.
"McParlan first went to see Orchard In Jan
uary of last year. The prisoner was in a steel
cage In what was known as 'murderers' row."
In the next cell was a condemned murderer
named Weller. McParlan's first visit was en
tirely Informal. Orchard had never seen the
detective to know him, but Mac' had known his
man for some time before the Caldwell murder.
"By way of getting acquainted McParlan told
Orchard the authorities had no right to confine
him In a penitentiary when he had not yet been
convicted of any crime. Orchard replied that
It did not much matter what happened to him
and in the prisoner's veiled hints at suicide the
detective got his cue.
"Now. McParlan is Irish to the core, and his
early religious training, under the priests of
Mallabrack parish. In Ulster, was thorough. He.
knew his Bible and here was a chance to use it.
His sharp eyes, peering out through his gold
rimmed glaeses, seemed to look Into the very
soul of the man from whom he had determined
.m-YV-\~ORK DAILY TRIBUNE, SUNDAY. 'JUNE 23, 1007
TOO MANY HUNTERS FOR ONE LION.
On the banks of the Sassa River, near Lake Albert Edward, Major Powell-Cotton was recently
charged by a wounded lion, which sprang upon him, digging its claws into his back and legs
and bearing him to trie ground. The lion rent its victim's coat to shreds and attempted to
te*r open his abdomen. While Major Poweil-Cotton \zy almost crushed under the animal
one of his men rushed at the lion and beat it on the head with a stick. At the same time
the Waganda headsman, with groat pluck, rm up and slashed the lion across the eyes with
a whip. This diverted the beast's attention and at that moment an Askari shot tho animal
dead, but not till the major had received seventeen wounds. The Graphic.
pair the loss which has been entailed In Fast
Afri< ..
In British East Africa sections of the country
have been set apart for the preservation of the
anim lls. L,ic<>nscs, for which n fee is charged,
and whl< !i permit the destruction of only a cer
tain number of animals, must be secured by the
sportsman before he ■an shoot In them. TTn
fortunately, even this form of protection is in-
BUfficient, .as there are few meo employed to
guard the reserves and there is much "poach
ing" by natives and whites
In an article recently published in "The Na
tional Review," urging better protection of the
Uic: game of the world before it Is too late, the
following measures were proposed:
•The annual and careful supervision by the
oflVi.-ds of the reserves, under the expert advice
of the game ranger, of the zr.mr- t,. be killed
under licenses In the ensuing year, takli
count of the abundance or scarcity of r a. h
species.
"The provision of an adequate staff, sufficient
to render the reserves practically Inviolable and
to supervise the whole question of shooting rind
taking the game
■ The entire prohibition of the sale of 'biltong,'
the di i<-..i fir sli of some of the animals
"An order, to be strii tly enfoi :ed, absolutely
prohibiting the possessing or carrying of fire
arms by natives other than those In govern
ment employ "
•
CHINESE RELIEFS.
Idolatry Exaggerated Superstition
Rampant- Ancestor Worship.
llt WUIUaa T Bllle.
fCopyrtpht, 100? by Jnytph P Bowles >
Wily Chin< have said In Kngllsh !"p<*p<~h and
prlut that, all in all, Confucianism Is quite ns c<vvi
as Christianity, if not better, and they have more
than Implied that it is an Impertinence for Chris
tian nations to send inls«!onnr!es to their country.
This matter is fundamentally important: an*- in
vestigation of missions must df«l with the native
religions of fir* mission field. Moreover, as I am
studying mission work at first hand, nnd not from
the boo] written about It by propagandists, l un
bound to form my conclusion? of China' 3 rHlsion
by observation "f tho re of the people, especially
with respect t ■> th^ir rr-llsinun practices.
Broadly speaking anil apart from th« Christian
adherents, the Chinese are less religious than the
Japanese and more so than the Coreans. Ono
looks in vain for the multitude of Idols and shrines
wlilch are to be mot on every sido in Japan. The
Idolatry of the Chinese may almost be Enid to have,
been exaggerated. While every housa has Its
to worm p confession, ftlthough at the time he
had no iriea r,f hearing of such an appalling
series of i rimes
"At hi- second visit, the following day. Mc-
Parlan led the conversation to the life after
death. He asked Orchard II he believed in God
and got a half-hearted affirmative, Then, as
the prisoner's confidence grew in the kindly
faced old man who sat in his cell and talked so
earnestly with him. Orchard told of going to
Sunday school when a child, and of once having
been a Methodist probationer
WORKED ON CONSCIENCE.
"McParlan began to work upon Orchard's
conscience, and finally aroused It. dormant and
callous as it had become In the years he had
worked at the trade of murder He went over
in detail the Biblical story of St. .Paul and of
King David. Orchard remembered having heard
them when a boy. McParlan cited both St. Paul
and David as grievous sinners, murderers even,
who had repented, been forgiven and made sure
of a future life, of happiness. When he left
Orchard he told him to think over his past life
and weigh well the necessity of repentance.
"When he came again the old detective told
Orchard the rtory of his exposure of the 'Molly
Magulres.' Ho told in detail the experience of
•Kelly the Bum." a notorious criminal whom Mc-
Parlan once persuaded to confess. Then he. told
Orchard that he was in a position to do th©
state and society a great service by making a
full confession and implicating those who
backed him in his crusade of crime. The de
tective Impressed him with the fact that re
pentance would avail him nothing in the after
world without a full confession.
"The stronger mind of the detective slowly
overcome the natural shrinking from confes
sion which possessed Orchard. Finally he
blurted out the confession that he was respon
sible for one of the crimes which M** Parian had
discussed with him. Then the detective's
knowledge of Orchard's career came Into play.
He suggested that Orchard tell the truth about
this crime or that, and soon tha' remarkable
confession was in full Bow from the murderer's
trembling lips.
"So great did McParlan's Influence over
Orchard become that the latter volunteered to
try to get a confession from 'Steve' Adams, who
was in prison in Idaho waiting trial for murder.
The Adams confession was finally made to Mc-
Parlan just as the Orchard confession had been,
but Adams afterward repudiated it.
HIS EARLY CAREER.
McParlm laid the foundation of his career as
a detective by entering into varltd employments,
though he did hot knor/ at the time what hi*
life work was to be. He came to America a
sturdy young Irishman, two years after tho
cSoso of the Civil War. and settled In Chicago.
He worked a3 a teamster and then drove a mail
wagon for a time. The lumbering season fnund
him swinging: an axe in the Michigan forests,
Hi 3 first police Job was with the Merchants'
Police Agency. He got a place on the regular
force in Chicago, but did not like patrol work.
He resigned after two months and opened a
saloon.
His place was at No. 849 Canal street, Chicago,
and he was making money when a fire cleaned
him out. Had it not been for the fire the
Piukerton* would probably never have known
"kitchen god." there is lacking the god shelf that
Is found in most Japaneso homes, and the public
idols are. few, except In temples.
A word about this kitchen god. He 13 a paper
Image, before whom are placed candles and In
cense, generally unllgbted. As all family affairs,
even In tho greatest households, find their way to
the kitchen, the kitchen god Is supposed to hear
everything. Accordingly, on New Year's Day, be
fore sending him up to the realm of divinities In
smoke and flame, Ills lips are smeared with sweets.
Then, when tie Is inquired of concerning the fam
ily's behavior, ho can only mumble "m-m-m."
which Is esteemed good report.
THE SUPERSTITIOUS CHINESE.
John Chinaman seems to care more for the little
$r".ls than for the big gods. Occasionally one is
met who regard th favor of heaven or worships
the important figures In the national pantheon,
but ninety nine Chinese out of a hundred are
chiefly solicitous concerning the evil spirits of th«
air.
Confucianism, which Is more a code of ethics
than a reltglon. ia the national cre^d. and Bud
dhism is supposedly the dominant faith, but Tao
ism, which mikes room for an Innumerable variety
of spirits, holds the greatest fway. II any one of
th««sf> tl •■ blei led r<llpions may be said to dom
inate The ordinary Chinese Is not a ("onrucianist.
or a Buddhist, or a Taolst: he Is all three. In a
Buddhist or Taoist temple he worships In exactly
the same wiy-aj. Indeed, he d"<*s also before his
ancestral tablets— and it la difficult for in un
lnifl.ited. person to distinguish between the two
temples. Nono <^f them, as .i matt« ; of fact. Is
over-rushed with business.
On New Year's Day there Is considerable patron
age of the temples, with the burning of unmeas
ured Incense and bushel of paper money and the
offering of innumerable candles, which li!"t the.
thrifty priests qulcVJy extinguish and melt down,
to bo sold ovor acraTtiT Tlvre neems to be no moral
idea, connected with ( "hin^!>>> worship, and gam
bling tines run m full blast In tht> temple court.
The priest nre a despised lot.
FOOLING THE SPIRITS.
Bui the i .
w ri'- r ol thrivini
I the Inveterate gai »■ :
.
! r, the famous evans
, ■
• ■ | ■ China He
• ■
: :
he lay
■ ,
watch
■
1 - .
■ ■
Streets <! ■ !»r to
baffle 1 ■ ' ■ . ■ .
■ •
In Charms
■
■
'.» ind
■
HARRY ORCHARD.
Confessed murderer of ex-Governor Stcunen
berg.
the man who Is now their star. In some way he
met Allan Ptnkerton and got a berth in the
Chicago bureau. By the time the Molly Magulre
outrages had reached their height be bad been
well trained and was assigned one day to the
Pennsylvania coal fields.
McParlan made for Pottsville. and in a week
was driving a mine train. He "made good" with
the rough crowd that' hung around the Sheri
dan Houve. He could drink mdVe bad whiskey,
swear harder and fight better than any of his fol
lows, and it was not long before he was picked
for membership by the "Mollies." In February.
IST!, ho was formally Initiated into the Order
of Ancient Hibernians, which was the cloak of
the terrorist groups, and coon became ono of tha
most feared members of tho order. He v..is
known as James MoKenna, and so well did he
play his part that the police, when active, made
a particular mark of him. Once, indeed, be was
nearly clubbed to death by one of his own
bureau.
All bis time he was making secret reports to
the mine owners. He was able to save many
who were marked for assassination by timely
warnings. But the carnival of blood continued
until McParlan wrote to his superiors, "I'm tick
of It all." ,
lie decided to end it. md arranged the arrest
of three prominent ••Mollies" who had shot
a mine superintendent. Simultaneously, accurate
lists of members of the organization appeared
in the newspapers all over the cOal regions.
The exposure from his hard work In the mines,
and especially the quantities of bad whiskey
which he had been forced to drink to keep up
his part, undermined McParlan's constitution
to such an extent that he was years In recover
ing. It was his health that eventually led to
his transfer to the Denver office or the Pinker
tons and put him In a position to bring to a a
end this 6ocond great mining- conspiracy.
BRITISH HUNTER SHOOTING A WHITS RHINOCEROS.
This species is almost extinct. —Ttt Grsriia.
and money to find out what the spirits wish. Much
of the native religion Is associated with the dead.
The Chinese are fearful lest their dear departed
should return to trouble them. Therefore, the
massive coffins, the offering of food at the grave
and the burning of paper images of money, houses,
clothes, servants, and even— ln one case I witnessed
—paper Jinriklshas.
Tho nearest approach to street idols seen In China
Is the oven wherein is burned every scrap of paper
that floats about the streets lest It contain a
sacred character, and also paper prayers. The
Chinese believe In the lire route to the spirit world.
In Canton every houseboat has its little sanctuary
In front, before which a llsht is kept burning. la
that part of the country It is a!so trie custom to
burn Incense dally outside tho doorway.
CHINESE AND GRANDFATHERS.
Of sB the religious t<*n«ts of the Chinese that of
ar.ro«>for worship 13 the strongest, although it can
hardly b* dissociated from spirit worship. It Is
Qrobtbly less a matter of lnve for ancestors than
o&fear of their spirit which lies at the bottom or
the Chinese regard for the departed The great
occasion for doing reverence to ancestors is the
New Year; elaborate offerings are made before the
ancestral tablets, and afterward there is feasting
and mus-le.
So Inwrought is ancestral worship with the
■octal, chii and political life of the Chinese that it
Is difficult for a Christian convert to separate hlm-
Belf frrra it all, especially r. n the ocaslon of
fun-rils and the New Year. Certain veteran mis
sionaries assume the position that the veneration
of ;v.ic?st.ir!« should not be regarded as Idolatry;
they prefer t« ior>k upon it merely as filial respect.
Just ns the. Northern States of America keep
Memoilat Day. Were all missionaries to take this
ground serious obstacles would be removed from
th* paths of many natives who «mt to enter th*
Church
Among th« Chinos* It I* commonl] reported that
Europeans h*v» no Sect for their ancestors. An
Interesting nr-NSbion to this filing is to be noted
in the practice of many missionaries, -hr. prom
inently display family and ancestral portraits where
native guests will see them.
CREW OF DIRTY PRIESTS.
One needs a ati •- stomach to travel In th«
East, but the famous Llama temple in Peking I*
enough to turn the strongest This Is supposed to
bo Buddhism it its b-?3i. Buddhism straight from
Lhasa, tht« homo of the Grand Llama In its
prime the building was no doubt -1,11.1. and It
has many ln'er*s(inic carvings and bron=es; but
as a whole '• Is In n. state of miserable decay. Its
dirt and crimlitesa and squalor, however, are noth
lne 03 command with the tilth and odtousness of
ttv> priests. They are the rnort repulsive lot of
mortals it has <»ver been my bad fortune to meet
Their unwashed, unkempt external nppearanee is
!c?a hideous than their manifest moral rottennem
One <loc? rot n->ed to hear the tales with which the
community abounds to !*arn that >:■ re :« depravity
remarkable even for China.
There nr* sonic eight hundred of these yellow
robed rrir.-ts. inert and boys. They or* famous
for the deep tones in which they chant their ritual
dally, recording, it !s paid, a lower register than
the human voice has been known to attain else
where. Nothing manly Is to bt» associated with
there deep v.iics, however. They are a lot of d->
jT?nerat» mendicants, whoa no Chinese Is so low
as to respect. Then are few visitors to the tem
pi* except tourists. At every doorway— and on«
must pass through at ].?ast a dozen in visiting th.>
temple- one or two priests stand with outstretched
palm, demanding a >•■• Others try to srll bits of
bronze or ehlnaware.
Of all tha faiths of China, *>xo»pt Christianity.
on» Is bound to admit thai they have deteriorated
greatly from their original character, and are, In
practice, little more than superstitions, with scarce
ly an^v correct! <■ influence upon, character. This
nation Is in seed of a new religion.
WILL CHINA BECOME CHRISTIAN?
Is that new religion to be Christianity? Have the
nearly four thousand Protestant missionaries in
China (the figures for the Roman Catholic mission
are not obtulnahlrt made such an Impression upon
this nation of aW.OW.OOI that the ultimate conversion
of the. whole la ••• be predicted? Faith, rather than
facts, would have to underlie such an assumption.
The missionaries .v.-> only begun to make .in im
pression upon China Vast as have been the treas
ures of human life and gold and energy expend*]
upon the Chrlstianlzation oV this Inconceivably
Immense empire, the visible return baa been out
of all proportion to this expenditure, there being
to-day only about a hundred thousand enrolled
church members, not all of whom. It is to be (eared
are sincere Christiana Not until within recent
years has there been anything :ippr"xim.irtnK on
organized effort to administer Christian missions
nationally, or a.-? a unit; an efrort in this direction
will be one of the notable characteristics of tho
Shanghai centennial.
A greater degree of rebttedneasj, unity and co
operation has been on.- of th© manifest needs of
the missionary propaganda in China. Lack of thW
has been the cause of great waste el work ami
money, and or no little, duplication of effort and of
mission rivalry. All this b. mXm X true, It vet remains
undeniable— and this la the moat tweepmg criti
cism l have to make upon Chinese missions— that
the enterprise la conducted on too small a scale for
ih< results Rouarht. If missions are to be operate.!
Nt an, they should be maintained In -i manner com
mensurate with the object. There has been a deal
of burring of (Jospel leaven in China in a hundred
years past, and by no means without result. But
It strikes nn observer forcibly that If this genera
tion or the next la to see China as a whole reckon
ing seriously with Christianity, there must be sumo
higher, broader, mere aggressive and more compre
hensive campaigning done.
WINDSTORMS UP THE STATE.
Damage to the extent of many thousands ot
dollars has been done In cities and towns through
out New York State by a recent series ot wind-
Storms that have swept over almost every region,
particularly the southern tier. Reports which have
reached the headquarters of the Empire State CJaa
and Electric Association In this city* show that
many miles of lighting circuits haw been torn to
the ground by savage squalla olnce the Urst of tha
month. In many localities such havoc has been
wrought by the freakish force of the wind that
emergency gangs of linemen have be;n pressed
Into constant service', day and night, for many
days.
"While the lighting men of the upstate region nxe.
Just preDarinK themselves for tho constant emer
gency measures which the opening season of thun
derstorms and sudden darknas s always makes neces
sary, their resources have been taxed to the limit
by this unseasonable outburst of violent wind
storms. In many cases the sport of a nfteen-mla-
als gal© has called for the labor of setting up In a
night lighting circuits which It took months to
erect. At a few minutes' notice it has become
necessary In many places to set to work in the
teeth of the storm every available man within call.
At Bln?hamton. for Instance, on© gusty night
early in the month so crippled five lon« circuits that
every ablebodled lighting worker was called to
take up the Instant task of setting things In shape.
Throughout one night and well Into the next the
linemen labored, under the fiercest pressure to pre
pare the wires for that work.
Tha generally unseasonable condition of the
weather and the unsettled state of the elements ar»
th« only reasons which th« upstate llghttnsr men,
can asslsm for the. damage done by the wind upon
their extensive system of mains. The weather plays
a vital and Important part In th* business of un
derstudylne: the sun. and this year its eccentricities
have proved a heavy burden to tha light maker*
FIRST AID IS Ml\i-:s.
Employes Being Instructed in Some
Districts.
tFrcm Th? Tribune Bureau. ]
Washington. Jure 22 —In and around the Lacka
wanna Valley, one of the heaviest coal producing
regions of Pennsylvania, a highly successful sys
tem has been Instituted f r carrying 1 first aid to
those injured in mine accidents, and It will with
out doubt be adopted In most of the ether great
coal fleWa throughout the country. The plan,
which Is founded upon the maintenance In every
gangway of a thoroughly Instructed relief squad,
Is belnsr furthered by the national government la
the establishment of an experiment station along?
BIGGEST FAN IN THE WORLD.
Used to remove bad air from CO3I minas. >t "•"
produced from "Mines and Minerals."
similar lines and for the HlTuallnil of permissi
ble explosives ml the detection of dangerous gases,
The.«e measures have been taken to check the ap
railing number of deaths In the coal m!nes which
occur each year, as alms) II by the fact thai tl^ey
Increased from 1.995 in ON to Its?, with MM ln
jured. In 190 ft, and th« rtsures for I9H promise
a still further Increase The number el wMowi and
orphans created by this appalling sacrifice of Ufa
runs Into the tens of thousands.
The "first a'.ti to th* Injured squad" was organ
ized In UN by Dr. M. J. Shields, a practising physi
cian of Scranton. Perm., and Captain W. A May,
general manager of the Pennsylvania and HiHstda
Coal companies, and other mines In the region hav
ing Erie Railroad connections. W! 1 privately
financed In the beginning, the eevpa la now under
tho control of the mines, its ovgasssattten extending
throughout the 15.0C0 employes of these I imwjwlssj
The members of the corps are selected aTeordlnjj
to their mental and physical ability to handle cases
of this kind. These members, especially honored
by being allowed to went the Bed Cross button,
are organized into societies, having? officers and
holding regular meetings.
They are Instructs by the nine surgeons In the
manner of producing artificial bre.Uhlnar. splinting
a broken limb.' and the ptempt dressing and cleans-
Ins: of wound* to relieve all possible danger of
blood poisoning caused by dirt or coal dust. To
test the capability of the relief men as well as to.
train them 'thoroughly in the handling of such
eases, competitive- <.r»l« nro held tn th» various
mines, dummies rer-resenclng the .njured persons
betns provided for the occasions. In this way they
ar<» prepared for any emergency.
The system Is so. to distribute th«« Instructed re
lief men that when an accident occurs In any part
of a mln» a squad of five can be quickly assem
bled within reach or the injured, with a thorough,
knowledge of what to do. These. are a stretcher an.i
restoratives available, as well as a pocket packet
of Instruments suitable for first steps toward sur-
Cical treatment. Instead of an ordinary coal car.
an ambulance ear has been provided tor the re
moval of the Injured from th» mines. The mln*
surgeons highly commend the work done by *»•••
relief squads. an>i recommend the adoption of the
system wherever men go below the earth sur
face-.
WANTED PERMANENT EMPLOYMENT.
Old Sam had been seen for several days patiently
fit tins on the bank of the Rappahannock KWST,
near the .iam. holdln? his shotgun In his hand.
Finally he attracted the attention of a P**— r W
who asked: "Well. Uncle Sam. are you looking IBS'
bomethint? 10 do?" „ , -
•No. sah," answered Sam: "I's gettln V*i* 10
what l's dolnV* . „, -„*..•
"Indeed!" answered the atranaer. "Ana "• **
may that be?" ,„,_. -„
"Shootln' de muskrats dat era umiennUun aa
dam." answered Sam. , , . t .
"Well, there goes one now." exclaimed ta«
stranger, excitedly. "Why don't you 5n00.,7 _
"Spost! I wants to lose my Job. s:\h?" answer »a
Saci. complacently.— lJpplncctfs Mag*- ■-•"
'wHVvLD CTety I»lr of "Ii JIM*
i\S% I Ukll thattijioutwcarglsTt'
They arc mads of Pzr» |T% B £% I f I" ffl
liVe. and :ir« dye. No I ■ fl 0 Q I J b %
•aduUerated-'s^lk. No g« | II f T U
■imitation" siik w W_W_g£_j£