4 ■
TRAFFIC IN SLAVES
2S THi: SOURCE OF
TAMMAXY POWER.
VroUcU Cadets in WorW-
teide Traffic, Declare* "Mc-
Clure's Magazine/
Tammany Rait has made New York City
til* leafing centre of the white slave Indus
try of the world, according to George Kibh«
Turner la the November number of "Me-
Chir*'s Magazine ' Not only, the writer
declares. Is Tammany's power In this city
baped largely on the trade In young girls,
but the system of political cadets has been
rpread throughout the principal cities of the
country, with headquarters hem. and It Is
Nourishing to-day as never before, Follow
er this article 1* one by ex-Police Com
missioner Bine-ham on "The Organized
Criminal of New York," in which he rein
fr.rc«* toe statements of Mr. Turner. S. S.
Modure completes the arraignment of what
Mr. Gaynor calls "the local oi;panizatlon in
Manhattan" by an editorial article on The
Tammanyizlng of a Civilization.*'
There are now throe principal centres
•f the so-called white slave trade— that la.
the recruiting and sale of young girls of the
poorer classes by procurers," «■.>? Mr. Turn
er by way of introduction. "The first is the
gioup of cities in Austrian and Russian Po
land, headed by L<emi>ei-6 : the second la
Paris, and the third the city of New York,
In th» last. t» a years New York has become
the leafier of the world In this class of en
terprise. The men engaged in it there have
taken or shipped girls, largely obtained
trmm the tenement districts of New York.
•• wery continent' on the globe : they are
r.ew doing business with Central and South
America, Africa and Asia. They are drlv
tas. ail competitors before them in North
America. And they have established, di
rectly or indirectly, recruiting systems in
•very large city of the United States."
For support of bis statements the author
refers to the records of recent exposures
in half a dozen American cities made by
two independent federal investigations.
The Jewish procurer, known as the.
"kaftan," was the pioneer operator here.
He gathered his victims in Poland, operat
ing through the Eastern markets, always
taking girls from the homes of the very
poor and exploiting them largely in new
countries, In the camps of male laborers.
H«- opened up the South American field,
particularly the Argentine Republic, where
on the outskirts of Buenos Ayres there
Crew up a considerable colony of thess
traders and their slaves. The kaftan
tperated very little in New York, but
plant** her* examples of his evil methods.
The raaquereau (mackerel), the procurer of
Paris, first developed the trade in North
America, when in the 60'b French prose
cution drove him over the world. In New
Yoik he found the greatest freedom, and
by l£7o the trade of the procurer became
an organized business.
THE RISE OF THE CADET.
But the maquereau was foreign and re-
Snaio«d ao. He had no political influence,
but paid money for his protection. He
«•* toon followed by the cadet, who. Mr.
Turner says, has since been an Important
factor !n the Tammany machine. Of i.is
• volution the -writer adds:
In ta<- lr«>edom of the Va« Wyck admin
istration "I the Icte 80"« the latest type of
♦■lurr politician that Sew York ha* de
veloped demonstrated further bis peculiar
value to politics and the great rewards of
politics for him. Like the saloonkeeper be
fore liiia. he bad large periods of the day
to devote to planning and developing po
litical schemes: there were a great many
dependants and young men connected with
th* business, and there grew up in the
\arloct political and social centres of the
Ka*t tide so-called "hang-out joints,"
miooas and coffee houses, where these men
c«m« together t>» discuss political and busi
ngs matters. It soon became evident that
the?* gangs were exceedingly valuable as
political instruments in "repeating," or
casting a great number of fraudulent votes.
Yet. in spite of this growth of an entirely
new element of political strength Tam
many Mall was defeated in the .lection of
0301. largely because of a revulsion of popu
lar feeling against some phases of the
wtui* slave trade. Thi* feeling was espe
cially directed against the so-called cadet*-
—a name now u»e<j across the world to
o>slrnat« the masse* of young men en
gasjed In this trade in and out of New
lorX. exactly as the name of maquereau
U'used to designate the Paris operator.
Mr. Turner reviews th« organization of
political bodies among these cadets, euch
associations beoomln* part sad parcel of
Tammany and towers of strength at .ki
tten time. Among them was the Max
Hoebstim Association, known to the Ixxow
wwssdemtors as the "Essex Market Gang."
tncJuding among Its officers Martin Engel.
W*der of toe Bth Assembly Ditrict in the
late »•*«, and with him Tammany men who
controlled the Sd Assembly District along
«*• Bowery to the east. The red light dis
trict was then paying some of these men
«**.•<>• and $30,000 a year for this traffic.
■•4 the minor polticians began to find It
»ex« profitable than the gambling and ua
lesn bOßinesreg.
THE EXPORT TRADE.
The export trade from New York, accord
lsfT to the writer, was begun in lifts by a
man who later became a leading figure in
the Tammany organization of hie district.
H* took a few girls to Buenos Ayres. and
since then several hundred have followed,
■oofh Africa, however, proved a richer field.
•ad there. Mr. Turner declares, many New
Tork men have made fortunes in the busi
ness «nd are now proprietors of Raines law
hotels or gambling- houses h< r*>. , There are
stlU "New York colonies there, be says, but
the Baalish gorernmetit lias prosecuted the
business so actively that it Is not. fluorlsh
tag; as formerly. Taking up the traffic
here, he says:
A detailed statement m the spread of
activities of the New York dealer and
<»<;et through The United Stare? since
the > exodus • from New York after i»i
would serve as a catalogue of the munlci
•el CCaadals Of the laEt half dozen years.
»nd would include the majority of the large
cities of th« country. The New York Jew
ish c&detK wrre *ot:nd to be present !n
hundreds in- San F*rancisco at th? Err A «t
*ixpo«6 there, and rook a prominent part
1.. tl.. rottenness that preceded it; they
were strong in Los Angeles before the
disclosing of condition* in their line of
business changed the administration there
a year «gx>; and two of the most noto
rious dealers of New Tories Best Side
ware prominent figures In the political
underworld uncovered by Folk in St.
Loots.
To-day they are strong; In all the greater
cftles; they swarm at the gateway of
the Alaskan frontier at Seattle; they in
fest th« streets and restaurants of Boston:
they flock for the winter to New Orleans;
they fatten on the wages of the govern
ni« i laborers In Panama, and they abound
In the Kouth and Southwest and in (be
mining regions of the West.
TAMMANY'S DELICATE SITUATION.
"Because of this narrowing tendency In
the field of slum politics the politicians of
Tammany Hall below lfth street found
themselves In an exceedingly delicate posi
tion after the exposure that defeated them
in the red light campaign," he continue*.
"The decline of gambling was already evi
dent, and Its thousands of political em
ployes—a mainstay in illegal voting — had
been discharged, and new election ma
chinery made difficult the wholesale voting
of broken tramps and town loafers." He
adds:
Not only was some participation in the
sale of women necessary, but the use of
the gangs of young procurers and thieves,
who had their beginning tn the red light
days, btcamy almost indispensable if the
politicians were to secure the vote upon
which their power rested, both in their
party and out.
This situation was met with adroitness.
The district below 14th street had now
come under control of the foremost combi
nation of slum politician* in the T'nited
hiates. known the country over. Martin
Xn K el, the old Tammany Hall leader of
the rtd light district, was solemnly de
!>o*ed; a husky young politician was made
leader of the district, seriously put on a
pair of kid gloves, called in the reporters
and pounded with great pomp and cere
mony the persons of s few unfriended
cadets. After this drama, It was an
r.ounced with stern and glassy front that
cudets were forever banished from the dis
trict—and one of the moat useful Tam
many myths ever sent gliding down the
columns of the local newspapers was
launched on its long way. The district re
tained the chief disorderly houfe keepers
and captains of cadets upon Its list of elec
tion captains, where It keeps them yet;
and the bands of cadets and thieves
worked In its service as they bad never
worked Wore. But In the 8d District—
almut tiie Bowery— they began to have
their real headquarters.
Thus, says Mr Turner. Tammany ex
acted the services of these cadets as re
peaters In return for the protection of the
sraaaasattsa. and there was built up a sys
tem of r;uiuclpal corruption thst is in force
throughout the country. Mr. Turner finds,
too. in the organization sf this white
flsve traffic the elements of general dis
order. He cay*:
Around the districts eastern edge in
lower Second avenue hang the mass of the
Jewish cadets, who are members of the
strong East Side political gangs. Many
of them are determined thieves as well.
Further along If '•* mixture of the more
leisurely class, who devote all their atten- I
tion to "their work as managers of women.
Among them are scores— through the
nearby Bast Side hundreds— youths who
have women at work throughout this coun
try, especially in the West and Southwest,
or abroad, but who prefer to remain them
selves in the companionship and comfort of
the national headquarters of their trade.
Correspondence on the condition of the
white slave trade comes here from all over
the world. On the lower Bowery and in
Chatham Square are the Italian cadets.
THE NEW YORK AND PARIS APACHE.
This class of political criminal has had a
distinct tendency toward greater and
greater license. The type of youth first
Known us cadet was a Blinking, cowardly
person, who was physically formidable only
to the. more timid foreign immigrants.
Now, and especially since the young Italian
has taken up this profession in New York,
the gangs of these men have constantly
grown uglier and bolder. A curious simi
larity 1* shown between these gangs as
they have /level oped in New York, and the
Apaches, the bands of city savages In
Paris, whose violent crimes were respon
sible for the recent reintroduction of capi
tal punishment in France.
For two years past the operations Of
these gangs have been curtailed by the ac
tivity against them of the Police Depart
ment, under the administration of Gen
eral Bingham. Gradually his campaign
led to the higher and more Important
enterprises which they made headquar
ters for themselves and their women. It
extended first through the centres about
the Bowery, Seeonijf avenue "and Chatham
Square, and finally to the associated sum
mer headquarters at Coney Island. Then,
suddenly. General Bingham was removed
by Mayor McClellan.
The various Interests dependent upon the
procuring and sale of women considered
this event their first victory. But now all
eyes of these people are concentrated on
the main i**ue this fall. Will or will not
Tammany be elected? The whole future of
their career in New York hangs upon the
issue of this event. And they are prepar
ing to work for the Democratic party with
every means in their power.
The exploitation of a popular government
by the slum politician is a curious thing,
always. I sat some time ago with a vet
eran politician, for many years one of the
leading election district captains of the
Tammany Bowery organization, conversing
sociably in the parlor of his profitable
Raines law hotel.
"The people love Tammany Hall." said
; my host. "We use 'em right. When a
i widow's In trouble, we see she has her hod
of coal; when the orphans want a pair of
shoes, we give it to them."
It was truly and earnestly said. As he
ppoke, the other half of the political finan
cing was shown. Th* procession of the
daughters of the Ea«t Side tiled by the open
door upstairs with their strange men. It
was the slum leader's common transaction.
Having wholesaled the hod of the daugh
ters at good profit, he rebates the widow's
hod of coal.
GKXBBAL BINGHAM "S KXPERIKNCE.
Ex-Commissioner Bipghani. after telling
f-f his supposedly anti-political appolnt
tii'nt. recounts the political assaults he was
subjected to in the interests of the criminal
element. "I had scarcely moved in
to the office on Mulberry street when po
litical leaders began to call upon me. for
the most part to secure a continual shift
ing of the police for plausible but mys
terious ends of their own. 1 remember
■SMtSBg Patrick H M<'<'arren on one
occasion. Me explained to me that the
politician was not a bad man, and never
wanted the laws broken."
tU- recounts the opposition he met with
first in his attempt to get better legislation,
and then, that accomplished, in his warfare
on the wide open districts Everywhere he
found crinje intrenched in political or
ganization. Touching on the white slavs
traffic, he says:
We now were paving particular attention
\f> the disorderly hotel and saloon enter
prise*, and we found, as in the gambling
hou?ee. a gieat uutnber of minor Tamm
%irrytUm ">v»r Mm »j,miu ».». ku«>*iikii miv.
NEW-YORK DAILY TBIBUNK l-KimY. (MTOBKR 22. 1000.
any workers engage* in running these
markets of prostitution. We. met here tn«>
same concerted opposition that we had nad
from the "hang-outs" of the gangs In
gambling houses. A regular corps of po
litical lawyers was employed. which «row
In political importance as the value of the
enterprise increased. For instance, in the
rase of the Goldsmith disorderly hotel on
Third avenue— one of several enterprises
of Matthew Goldsralth-he was represfnte.l
In court by Henry J. Goldsmith, who has
Ifull^nf r p« n nf &
X^d'eTe^or^'ti-o most notorious
and nj>en markets for prostitutes in the
* y-Wulfer S >. In l«t.h street kept by
Larrr Hart, an election captain of the
M APsemMy. District, and the German
Village. o» Ah street, kept by an «-con
vict. Archie Hadden-the attorney for the
defence w*s George H. Engle. formerly also
• member of tha law firm of the leader of
the 3d District, and now special eonn^l
for Thomai Foley. Tammany leader of th#
2d District and tihesiff of New Tlork
C °After' our men had raided the vilest en
terprise hi the city, a market for unnatural
crime kept by an Italian named Humbert
Fueexy In Bleecker street — one of the elec
tion captains of "Dan" Finn, the city ma*
istrate—William ffrey. . the state Sen
ator, appeared as Fngasr s counsel in one
of the customary sulta of oppression that
followed our raids on this type of place.
MR/ M'CUJRirS ARRAIGNMENT.
In opening his review of Tammany's ad
vance in the organisation of crime Mr.
MeClure nays:
This fifty years of struggle to degrade
the standards and guarantees of civilisa
tion In America has come about lnrgeb
through the populations of cities. This is
perfectly natural. For forty years large
American cities have contained great
masses of primitive peoples from the farms
of Europe., transported to this country as
laborers, together with a considerable pro
portion of negro slaves liberated by the
Civil War. To this body of people—abso
lutely Ignorant in tradition or practice of
the development and operation of civil
isation by self-government— was suddenly
irlven the domination of American city life
by manhood suffrage. From the beginning
of the shifting of power into these un
accustomed hands, the development in
evitable to this class of population since
and before the time of Rome has been In
progress. ■ .* "
They have been exploited en every hand,
and, through them, the entire population
of American cities: In the mean while they
have been kept in control by their ex
ploiters through systematic largesses of
public wages, charity or entertainment. In
this ample field for their enterprise have
sprung up organizations for the profitable
debauching of populations, such as have
rarely, if ever, been equalled in the history
of the world.
The oldest and most Infamous organiza
tion In America for exploiting this popula
tion Is Tammany Hall, of New York, which
the great classic historian. Professor
Guglielmo Ferrero. recently compared to
the very similar organizations that were
formed for exploiting the city of Rome dur
ing its decadence. For fifty years and
more this body has perverted civilisation
in New York, using the great politically
untrained population for this purpose.
Mr. McClure closes by offering as a rem
edy for these conditions the system of
governing cities by commissions made up of
high class men. a method being adopted in
some Southern and Western cities.
BLOCK'S SOFT JOBS
C«Btlau«6 from flrnt pace.
pregates $72,000. will be more that $30.
000. Some of the entries are as fol
low?:
May B— Filed a»th» *»30
Mar 11— Viewed parcels V**
May looked over rout' - 188
May 14— Viewed parcel 893 150
HEARTACHE FOR TAXPAYER?.
In his Academy of Music speech. In
Brooklyn last week. Judge Gaynor Bald:
When I came her* first I began In the
town of Flatbush, then of twelve thousand
iniisbttanta. and after a few years I move)
Into the city of Brooklyn, ana shortly after
I moved In here I saw once at the City
Hall a sight which has never left my mind.
It was the first day for the payment of
tax<>a — and you know the saying is that
there are two certain thing* in the world,'
death and taxes—and tax day always
comes around, and from the door of the
room in which you entered to pay the taxes,
extending out around a square was a long
line of people, thrifty people, some of them
poor people, people who had all they could
do to brinK their children up and make
both ends meet from month to month and
from Tear to pear.
Their bony hands and their misshapen
bodies and their anxious faces showed their
lifts of toil and their life of anxiety, and
yet they were there prompt to the day to
pay into the government the tax which was
to 'run the city which they had hoarded up
from month to month with the dlfrlculty
and the anxiety and the anticipation that
only people like that know anything about,
and as 1 sew that slowly moving line,
standing a block, going up to this window
to lepoeit the year's tax, I said to myself:
"The people who will seek office and get
Into office only straightway to .betray these
people and squander and waste and even
steal their money the niont-.y of their
nelghl>ors and fellow citizens — are guilty of
a crime as awful as any conceivable
crime."
1 made a covenant then thru every year
of my life I should devote some time to
the vindication of those people. No year
of my life has been passed since— and it
haß been a pleasure to me to do it. al
though tb« struggle was sometimes hard—
in which I have not done something to de
stroy corrupt government, and to destroy
those who corrupt government and steal
the people's money.
In connection with an extensive inves
tigation of condemnation commissions
the Committee of One Hundred ascer
tained the foregoing facts concerning
the lucrative employment of I.lr. Block
at the expense of the taxpayers of this
city.
OLD COMMITTEE HANGS ON.
Hudson County Republican Organiza
tion Won't Give Up Building.
Some of the members of the old Hudson
County Republican Committee asserted
yesterday that the committee still had a
legal existence- and announced their deter
mination to bring the question before the
courts after election. Under the recent de
cision of Justice Swayze the incorporated
county committee, that is. the old one,
was a separate and distinct body from the
one chosen at the recent primaries.
I.jn<-nln Hall, in Jersey City, which 13
valued at $15,000. Is owned by the Incor
porated committee, and the members of
this committee. It was said, would refuse
to turn it over to the new committee unless
directed to do so by the courts. Tf It In
deeded that the old committee still has a
legal existence. It Its said to be the inten
tion to hold the election of members in
December as of old.
CITY FINANCE
Conlluu<»<l fro-,, flr.' pore.
tremely simple one. The charter says
that "the Controller Is authorised to
borrow such sums as may be necessary
to meet the expenditure* under the ap
propriations for each current year."
This money, the charter continues. *1s
to be borrowed upon the credit of the
corporation in anticipation of It* reve
nues, and not to exceed in amount the
amount of such revenues, by the ls»u«
of revenue bonds, •whis-h shall be re
deemed out of th# proceeds of the tax
levy In anticipation of the collection of
which such bond* were issued." There
Is another equally simple means em
ployed *of providing for appropriations
the necessity for which cannot be fore
*een when the year's budget is made up.
Money required for this supplementary,
or emergency, budget account is raised
by the issue of another kind of tem
porary certificate known as a special
revenue bond, and the charter provide*
tliat the money necessary to redeem
these special revenue bonds shall be
provided by an appropriation in the next
succeeding year's budget. These bonds
are thus redeemed out of tax revenues
provided for paying the cost of city
government the year after the money
has been obtained from the sale of the
bonds for emergency purposes.
THE CAUSE OF TIIE TROUBLE.
A more absolutely simple and easily
workable system could not have been
devised to raise tax moneys in advance
of their collection, and yet U has been the
flagrant misuse of the powers conferred
by this apparently 6imple enactment that
has been the primary cause of the dis
graceful chaos into which the city's
finances have drifted. The trouble is
that a great many more millions of dol
lars have been obtained from the sale
of revenue bonds and expended upon
the annual budgets for the cost of city
government than there have been taxc?s
collected to redeem them. It is true that
the charter contained a provision up to
1906, when that part of the law was
amended, that the Board of Estimate
should each year Include an amount, not
exceeding 3 per cent of the tax levy, to
provide for losses In the collection of the
taxes Imposed. With the exception "f
this provision the full amount of the tax
levy has always been authorized to be
expended. In no year, however, has the
full amount of budget appropriations
been spent. At the end of 1908, while
the unexpended budget appropriations
of all years totalled only $17.b'17.052. the
amount of taxes of all levies that re
mained unpaid at the date was $105,295,
210. Consequently there should have
been outstanding at the end of 100$
$87,678,127 of revenue bonds upon which
money had been raised and expended
upon budget appropriations in excess of
the taxes collected. According: to the
records there were outstanding upon
that date only $74,006,600 of these bonds.
DIFFERENT METHODS USED.
Every Controller since consolidation
has resorted to his own method of taking
up these revenue bonds. There was In
1003 $22,407,600 of revenue bonds upon
which money had been borrowed in the
two preceding years in excess of the
taxes collected to redeem them. This
money had been expended for current
expenses of city government during the
years In which the bonds were Issued.
In order to take up these bonds Con
troller Grout instituted the questionable '
practice of issuing new bonds in antici
pation of the collection of arrears ! of
taxes out of which these outstanding
revenue bonds were redeemable, anil
with the money thus obtained the reve
nue bonds that were outstanding from
1002 wero refunded. But recourse to
this expedient only disposed of the bonds
for one year, at the end of which they
had again to be refunded by the issue of
another lot of new bonds. _' ,^.
All this time Controller Grout-knew
well that he would never be abie to get
enough from the collection of arrears of
1002 taxes finally to pay off the revenue
bonds outstanding against that year
when they matured. He knew that a
large part of the uncollected taxes of the
levy were personal taxes that never
could be collected; and yet. with this
knowledge, he resorted to another and
still more unbusinesslike method in 1005
of clearing up old revenue bonds. In
October of that year he issued $6,100,000
of these bonds against the uncollected
taxes of the three previous years. These
bunds were not due to be redeemed until
1908. . The folly, to say nothing of the
illegality, of this method was absolutely
proved by the result. "When the bonds
came due in 1008 there was not anything
like enough taxes collected of the years
against which they had been issued to
redeem them.
*
ACTION BY LEGISLATURE.
This was one of the conditions which
existed when the present Controller canio
Into office in 1900. The constitution of
the state determines that all revenue
bonds issued in anticipation of the col
lection of taxes that have been outstand
ing for a longer period than flvo years
shall lie regarded as part of the city's
funded, or constitutional, debt. An act
of the Legislature passed in 1906 gave
the Controller the necessary means of
rescuing the city's finances from the
state of chaos Into which they had fallen
by authorizing the issue of corporate
stock to fund all obligations and debts
represented by uncollectible taxes of
levies prior to January 1, lOuO. The
amount required for this purpose was de
termined by the Board of Estimate, upon
a report submitted by the Controller, to
be $36,000,000. At the same time the
Legislature passed another act which
amended the provision in the charter
authorizing the Board of Estimate to in
clude an amount In each year's budget.
not to exceed 3 per cent of the levy, to
provide for losses In the collection of
taxes each year. This amendment au
thorised the Board of Estimate to in
clude In every annual budget an appro
priation large enough to provide for any
deficiencies, no matter how large, from
uncollectible taxes of levies after and
Including 1906.
CONTROLLER METZS CHANCE.
Controller Metz almost at the very be
ginning of his term of ofllce had thus
equipped himself as no other Controller
had ever been equipped with the neces
sary legal and administrative author
ity to thoroughly clean up the
city's finances. All that now re
mained ■ htm to do was to call a halt
in the reckless issue of corporate stock
ostensibly for permanent improvements,
sell the ' sßß,ooo,ooo of the.«« securities
already authorized, redeem the old reve
nue bonds then outstanding against un
collectible taxes of levies prior to 11*03.
and* refund f to permanent Improvement
accounts -: .■ money diverted from them
during preceding years and used to re
deem old ' revenue bonds. This would
have enabled him to clean, the city's
financial deck* so far as obligations and
debts that had been Incurred on budget
account for the years prior to 1006 were
concerned. To deal with obligations and
debts that had been incurred on budget
account after and Including 1905 he had
the legislative enactment empowering
the Board of Estimate to include In
each year's budget an appropriation
targe enough to provide for the wiping
out of debts and obligations Incurred on
account of uncollectible taxes. /
The Judicious exercise of these powers
would have enabled the Controller In a
year or two to have put the city's
finances upon a sounder business basis
than they ever had been since consoli
lation. It would have enabled him to do
away at once with the very questionable
practice of issuing revenue bonds in an
ticipation of the receipt of uncollectible
arrears of taxes of former year's levies
in order to get the money with which
to refund revenue bonds outstanding
;itralnst those uncollectible arrears. It
would have enabled him also to begin a
gradual refunding to permanent Im
provement accounts of the money taken
from them and used to redeem revenue
bonds issued in former years. In excess
of the taxes collected to redeem them.
WHAT WAS NOT DONE.
AH this In precisely what the Con
troller dM not do. Of the 136,000.000 of
corporate stock authorized to be issued
for that purpose he only appropriated a
beggarly $3,000,000 to provide for uncol
lectible taxes of levies prior to 1905. al
though, even in the panic year of 1907.
he obtained $71,345,196 from the sale of
corporate stock bonds.
But in obtaining legislative authority
to declare taxes of levies prior to 1905
uncollectible, and in securing permission
from the Board of Estimate to Issue $36,
000.000 of corporate stock to wipe out
this unrealizable asset, the Controller
created a new limit to the subsequent
issue and sale of revenue bond* against
taxes of levies prior to 1905. He could
not now legally issue revenue bonds
against arrears of those taxes that had
been declared uncollectible and that had
been provided for, even If such bonds
were only for refunding purposes, for
even the nominal asset against which
those bonds had outstood previously had
now been completely wiped out. and the
money necessary to redeem the bonds
had been authorized to be raised by the
issue of corporate stock.
Tet this is precistely what the Con
troller did do. There were outstanding
at the end of 190t> $19,706,687 of revenue
! bonds in excess of the total uncollected
; taxes at that time, leas the 538.000.000
■ that had been declared uncollectible and
: had been provided for by an authorisa
tion of corporate stock, and less also
$3,000,000 of the 1905 tax levy which had
j also bt- • a declared uncollectible and
| which had also been provided for by an
. appropriation in the budget of 1907.
The manner In which the Controller
! used these new factors, created at his
■ own urgent request in 1906. and met
! these new conditions has already been
■ indicated in these columns, and will be
: further dealt with in detail in succeed
: ing articles.
I LAUD TRIBUNE WORK.
Business Men Commend City
..,.' Finance Analysis.
A work of great benefit to the city has
been undertaken by The Tribune in Its se
ries of articles analyzing the financial
transactions of the city in recent years,
according to Anton A. Raven, president or
the Atlantic Mutual Insurance Company.
'The Tribune's article of this morning."
he said yesterday, "shorn that there has
been gross mismanagement In the financial
affairs of the city. The people should be
told about these things, and I am glad to
Me The Tribune do it; and after the people
have been told and understand what has
been done with their money they should
rise against the persons responsible anil
throw thorn out of office. The people
should see then that such persona do not
get into offlco again. it will do no good
to turn out one. bad lot and put another
bud lot in their place. The Tribune Is
showing them what has been done in the
post. It will be their own fault If It
happens in the future."
P. Seymour Barr, of Herrick & Bennett,
who make a specialty of New York City
bonds, said that the series would be most
valuable, educationally, to the people of
the city.
The article this morning." he said yes
terday, "shows the people what the city U
on the brink of under the present financial
management It is heading right straight
for bankruptcy and a 5 per cent tax rate
unless there is a change. Many Wall
Street beasts that formerly bid eagerly for
New York City securities will not touch
them now. In both of the last two offer
ings of city bonds there were from two to
live houses that had long been in the habit
of bidding that did not com* into the mar
ket at all. ."
•The Tribune shows the existence of a re
markable state of affairs, and one that the
people should know about. The misap
plication of tha city's funds is little short
of criminal. There have been hints of this
before, but The Tribune is the first paper
to come out boldly with the facts. Th«
paper should .be in the hands of every
taxpayer, and this series should be read
and considered with the utmost car*.
"When a paper of the standing of The
Tribune makes the statements that it does
It 19 a matter of vital Interest. What The
Tribune publishes can be relied on. It
does not publish hastily compiled and Ill
considered articles. The publication of its
articles this morning has made a sensa
tion in the Street and among- bond houses,
especially those handling New York City
bonds. I think that it will do immense
good.'
SEES HEYDAY POR GAMBLERS
"After the Election of Our Next
Mayor, Mr. Gaynor," Finn Says.
Magistrate, "Battery Dan- Finn, sitting
in the Essex Market court yesterday, in.
formed two detectives who had brought in
three prisoners on a charge of gambling
that "after the election of our next Mayor.
Mr. Gaynor, who has studied all these bet'
ting issues, he will d&ane the law In toe
Interest of the public at large." In con
sequence, the magistrate said, the police
would not have to make arrests where
there were no violations of the law. He
discharged the prisoners.
"I guess I'll have to so to Baltimore,
where they don't make arrests for betting
on the ponies." uihU.l "Battery Dan."
I'm not sure life is worth living with the
people's personal liberty taken away. Law
is law. aiul must be obeyed, but it is yet
a qucstioiP an i.. whether all betting is a
crime. And until this issue la settled I
think the police might stand still."
The detectives made the arrests In re
sponse to a complaint made to Captain
Day. of the EMridge street station. As
evidence they offered two sheets bearing
name* and prices conforming tt> Wednes
day's' races at Jamaica, and slips which
they Bald had punted among the prisoner!
in poottffUlns; uu.l making
Store Open Until 6 P. M. Eight Car Lines Each Way'
Directly on the Subway. Direct to Store.
Alieaj/a Correct' M m
•Ms. If I v The Store You Are Sore Of ** .
Saying Things and Showing Things
Every day cr so we
have been saying" about
this specialized Men's
Store— a store that covers
the * entire floor of the
new Wanamaker Build
ing. .
"Everything a man
needs to wear or to
play with."
Today and tomorrow
we are showing just what
we mean by inviting your
presence at
This Late Autumn
Exposition in
Men's Attire
This Exposition covers:
John Wanamaker spe
cialized, all-wool clothing
for men, young men and
boys.
John Wanamaker
shoes for men.
Carefully chosen men's wear, w.th c:« - r-r:;i
novelties.
Special models in men's hats, the better kind of
hosiery, underwear, gloves and sporting goods.
Women's Evening Wraps That
Are Charming
So often in the past an evening wrap has depended for beaoty
upon the delicacy of its coloring that it is real joy to set mca
delightful out-of-the-ordinary wraps as are shown in the Waoa
maker store of women's coats.
*~ Even at $35 there are shirred and draped and fascinatingly un
usual wraps with flowing sleeves — white cloth with a touch gj
black — a wrap luxurious in the truest sense, even though it com
so little.
An artistic color study at $45 in gray and violet is prettisj
draped and has kimono sleeves.
Beautiful hand embroidered broadcloth wraps for as little •
$75. Another at $75 recommended to women who love change
is the reversible cape — wear it wrong side or right side and k
makes no difference, for both sides are finished to be worn art
side. Colors are charming.
But what is the use of trying to tell about several hundred
different styles of evening wraps, each one so pretty and different
that the only trouble is one wants them all?
We shall be glad to show them all to you— the majority come
in one of a kind models.
Imported evening wraps sell for as little as $20.
2d floor, Oid Bldg.
Please Make Comparisons or This
Cachemirg De Soie at $1.55 a Yard
Comes to us specially from one of the best weavers in the country.
That cachemire we were socce— Hul in getting last week to
sell at $1.10 a yard sold by the half dozen dress lengths :
Today's at $1.35 is very much better.
But to Make Sure Yourself
Ask us for samples and try to match them at $2.50 to $3. We are pretty
sure you will want the $1.55 kind if economy counts with you.
BEAUTIFUL COLORS— Ivory, light blue, mais, gray, mootarde,
dull old rose, stone green, heliotrope, navy, taupe, ashes oi roses, catawba,
wistaria and plenty of black. On sale today.
Silk Stor*. lat floor. Old Building
BLANKETS from Austria
After a blanket is woven, it is napped. That gives the fuzzy
surface to all blankets, except these from Austria. These blankets
are so closely woven that only a quite smooth velvety surface is
possible.
Made only in single blankets, and they contain as much warmth as
a pair of double blankets. Single bed sue, $30. Double bed size, $33.
Solid color pink, green, blue or lavender, with wide white border
reversible with white. Wide white satin binding all around.
Ist floor, Old Bldg.
This Sheraton Bedroom Suite is Part
of an Artistic New Bedroom
Furniture Special Exhibition Today
Twenty distinct divisions of styles in Bedroom Furniture with
prices for everybody.
Something like forty carloads of new furniture most of it
specially built to our order—have arrived recently.
Many of these new pieces and suites are of rare beauty.
Connoisseurs will fairly revel among these types of French
and English periods— particularly these reproductions of Chip
pendale. Heppelwhite and Sheraton.
But see the Galleries — for yourself — sec how well we measure
up towards your furniture needs.
Of the sixty-five complete bedroom suites shown on the .Fifth vnd
Sixth Galleries, the one pictured is a modern adaptation of Sheraton.
seven pieces, for $864. The construction and finish are of the finest, the
handsomely figured mahogany with the carvings and cane panels make
the suite an unusually attractive one.
A mere mention of other suites with a range in prices from $•' to*
52250.
Three pieces in mahogany, "Art Nouveau.** $•*•
Seven pieces in cream enamel, "Trundle Bed." 9*11.50.
Six pieces, in white mahogany. "Sheraton." $3SO.
Four pieces, mahogany, inlaid bands, "Sheraton." $500-
Six pieces, mahogany. "Hepplewhite." $679.60.
, Seven pieces, mahogany, inlaid band, "Sheraton.* $703.
Eleven pieces, mahogany and brass, "Empire Adaptation." $9mO-
Seven pieces, mahogany. "Georgian, 18th Century.** $10*&
Three pieces, English oak, canopy. "Ensabethian.** $1073.
Eleven pieces, mahogany, violet wood panels, gilt ormolu. Louis
XVI.. $1126.
• Three pieces, mahogany, canopy. "Chippendale." $1275.
Seven pieces, English walnut. "Queen Anne.** $1675.
Five pieces, satinwood. painted. *Adams," $-250.
A number of the suites have specially made chairs and tockjrs in
cluded in the prices mentioned. For others a selection can be made trcm
almost four hundred samples which are on the Seventh Gallery in «*» t
various styles, woods and finishes with a very wide range in prices. _.
P. S. — Still other important Furniture News coming. But do not 311
if you wish to see these beautiful specimens. nrth tjsfwjst >>'•* ■»»»*■»
MI - —
Formerly / VP/fV P/f , /* Af' * Brcaa"*
A. T. Stewart A I Vfl / /lIHUM*' >- Fourth avc
& Co - V I WkA^ty^lof Eishtb^o Tenth