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?New gork tribune First to La*??the Truth: Ne???Kditori.il**? "X-nerliaente-st*. Mr?s? <jf an ?tl??S. m m?\\ ?.ran. it. ?it. ? ant smahlmrmt. mtJtt "?? !*? 1 f ??-I*--" MM tarn taat ii?-k.-?afi ???a. p-.-Mmtm? ? ?a '? att? a* Graaur V* * Dalit ai** Surta, i ? * ? ? KaSt ar<1 ?'.iert.1 ? ? - * I?a1 > '* ??-;>' f-*J mm* BMM?* ON mr . ,.,,, ,,m ? Ms a-r.ta. tasa Mar ?n? Tan.*, i ana -a/wU* ? ? . Oa* raar .... stariara? at ?*?* iv*--^- . ** I Trr? aa S-nvw/I r??. Vo'j can purrhase merchandise advertised in THF TRIBUNE -with absolute t-aletv?for l( dissatisfaction rcsalts in any case TUF TRIBl'M*. -fuatantees to pay your money ha? k apon re-quest. No red tape. No quibbling. Ws make good promptly if the adverti*>*T ioOB n? t. Austria ?and Peace During the past week we have had a definite statement from Vienna that Aus? tria was prepared to make peace on the basis of the territorial situation of 1914, provided no demands were made on her for the payment of indemnity. Thil would mean the evacuation of Serbia, Montane gro and Northern Albania; of Rumania,! and of Russian territory between Galicia and the Marshes of the Pinsk. In a word, thirty-three months after her g-reat ad- ; venture against Serbia Austria is pre-. pared, despite enormous sacrifices, to re? turn to the condition immediately preced? ing the war. No euch proposai would be heard at the present time in any Allied capital. For whatever the present purpose in the mat- ; ter of Germany, the decision of the Allies , in the matter of Austria?irrevocable in ' so far as the present conditions are con? cerned??b that Austria shall be dismem? bered?if dismembered is an appropriate word to use for the separation from Aus? tria of the people! lielonging to other races who are held in subjection and in slavery by Austrian and Hungarian minorities in the Dual Monarchy. There are two solutions which at the present time divide men of Allied coun? sels. Among many Allied statesmen there is a conviction that Austria should be sup? pressed; that the Italian. Serbo-Croatian, Rumanian, Polish and Ukrainian peoples should be united to other countries, and that the Slavs of Bohemia. Moravia and Northern Hungary should be united in an independent Bohemia. This would leave le German-speaking Austrinns and the ungarians the territories in which they aa*f now the majority fraction. The second proposal, less frequently dis cuHsed now than earlier in the war, is that Bosnia, Herzegovina and Southern Dal matia, where the population is wholly Ser? bian, should be joined to Serbia; that Is* tria, with Trieste and the Southern Tyrol, including Rotten, should be annexed by Italy, since their population is largely Ital? ian; that Transylvania and Bukowina should go to Rumania, since their popula? tion is Rumanian in a large measure; that Western Galicia, which contains five million Poles, should be joined to a new Poland; and that the other Slavs of Gali? cia should be joined to Russia, thus re? uniting the Ukrainians. By this latter programme Austria would lose some sixteen millions of people, mainly Slav, and be reduced to a popula? tion of thirty-five millions and an area equal to about three-fourths of France or Germany. She would cease to l?e a first claas power, and even as an ally of Ger? many would be deprived of the services of several millions of Latin and Slav troops. K No American can question the justice ? of the latter proposal. It is a thing ab? horrent to all American ideas and ideals that millions of Serbians should be sub ? I to the tyranny of Austria, or that millions of Rumanians should be con? demned to permanent slavery of the most shameful kind, such as Hungary has prac? tised in Transylvania ovation of Poland is a project which reeds no de? fence. Nor can there be any debate over the justice of returning to Italy Trieste and the Trentino, and in the case of the Trentino giving Italy at last security within her own territories and closing tho gate by which all the great invasions have come down from the n?>rth to the Italian Plain. The proposa! h Austria rests upon the growing n alization that Austria far more eompletelj than Belgium has been conquered by Gerniariy; since (?er many with Austrian consent now exer? cises m complete authority over Austrian policy. This is indicated anew by Aus? tria's break of relations with the United States following our declaration of war upon Germany. By this conquest of Aus? tria Germany has in fact built up an em? pire greater than Napoleon's in Central Europe, and in addition to some tv three millions o{ Hungarian and Austrian who are consenting allies of Germany, has laid her hands upon more than twenty-five millions of Slav? and Ru? manians as servants of her will, and from these has drawn millions of soldiers to fight her battles. Should Austria break away from Ger? many and make a separat* peace now, it is inconceivable that the Allies would offer her any terms which did not include the liberation of the Poles, the Serbs, the Ru? manians and the Italians within her boun? daries. Were it clear that Austria had broken away from Germany, it is conceiv? able that the Allies would not undertake to destroy the Hapsburg empire utterly. The question of Austria is the qu< of the war which must appeal strongly to Americans. It is the question of the right of small pecplej- and of weaker races to follow their own will, to live under that Fvstcni of law and to uso that language which they desire. The liberation of the subject ni. ? nu will be one of the greatest of the contributions to permanent; peace that is imaginable, becaura it is in eonceivahle that there can b? I permanent pen?*e so long a?? twenty-three millions of iam and Hongarians arc permitted to enslave twenty-seven millions of Slavs and Latina. Now that (?ermany has'con-j ??iirre?! Austria, tlie peril become? preator, becauae this ?rast population, organised bf Germany an?l dominated by ?M (ierman military caste, would be an enduring men? ace to the liberties of the world. It is a hopeful sign that Austria should seek pence. It is a hopeful sign that in Seeking peace she renounces all projects of annexation. But no such programme ran enlist the SO] UI American au ? . which must recognise that the war itself will be without any benefit to man? kind if it perpetuate*- B system of human slavery and fortifie? s Hapsbur?T-Hohen Boilern tyranny along th? Danube. We ore* marching toward peace. There are, signs that are unmistakable, but the long agony of the world war should not blind people to the only method by which a repe? tition can be escaped. The Serb, the Ital? ian, the Rumanian and the Pole should gain their liberty, and DO just peace can l?e had which does not insure this. The Opera Season Ends The New York opera season of I916-'17 closed last night with the performance of "The Canterbury Pilgrims." The season ha? been, on the whole, a successful one? financially a veritable triumph, artistically soiid, if not brilliant. Of one thing in particular General Manager Gatti-Cssa?a may well be proud ?every promise of nov? elty and revival has been kept. At the beginning of the season Signor Gatti an? nounced the first production on any stage of an American opera, Reginald De Koven's "The Canterbury Pilgrims"; the first pro? ductions in America of Zandonai'fl "Fran cesca da Rimini" and Cluck's "Iphigenia in Tauris"; the first complete production In New York of Bizet'? "Les P?cheurs de Perles," and revivals of Pclibes's "I.akme" and Massenet's "Tha?s." Though none of these operas was a (ierman work, the Met? ropolitan's neutrality in things artistic was rttested by the singing of "Iphigenia" in (ierman. which, if neutral, was perhaps artistically doubtful. The breadth of view* shown by the Met j ropolitan's management in the presenta? tion of German works, which means, of course, Wagner, was equalled by the pub? lic's reception of them. The Wagnerian music dramas were never better attended) : and throughout the season there was, on the part of the audience, not a single ex? pression of chauvinism. Wagner, like Bach, Beethoven and Mozart, belongs to the world's artistic treasurehouse. To ex? clude these compoFers because of the sins of their descendants would be alike harm i ful and ridiculous. It is to be hoped that the coming season will continue to see ? them in the repertory, though there might ' be no harm in omitting two or three of the 1 Wagner works and presenting the others : restricted and revivified. The season has not discovered any new Fingers of extraordinary promise, due to the fact that the war has shut off the Eu ' ropean field. This condition, however, ought to bring American trained singers to i the fore, and it is understood that Signor ? Gatti has already engaged for the coming year several young Americans. A national I art, to possess any real vitality, must ! spring from the soil. Americans long ago i proved themselves equal to the best the op i eratic world provides, and there is no rea : son to believe that the present generation lacks the talent of the past. If it lacks the training because of the conditions t forced by 'he war, th? opportunity is now provided the Metropolitan of developing a ? school of native singers. The same oppor i tunity opens for the works of American composers. That "The Canterbury Pil . grims" proved itself far from a master? piece ought not to prevent the production of other native operas. The Metropolitan Opera Company is to? day the great operatic institution of the j world. It:* past has been brilliant, its pres? ent is admirable, its future rich in possi? bilities. Perhaps it will find itself no leas cosmopolitan in having a larger number ; of American singers on its roster and in presenting a greater number of American operan. Happy Warriors There are no happy warriors, or noble ones, or even civilized ones, according to the modern theory which brands all fight? ing as sin. That is a rather strange no? tion to have taken root in the soil of these United States, considering their be? ginnings. Perhaps the message from ! (?encrai Ricciotti Garibaldi, last surviving son of the great Garibaldi, to the Ameri? can people will ierra as a useful remind? er of the sort of fighting man who cannot be lightly dismissed as either ignoble or uncivilized. Italian wars of liberation are over a half century away now. Their such-s after years of bloody failure placed them in the great succession of struggles for liberty. Giuseppe Garibaldi stood at the head of his countrymen, and be embodied in rare degree that universal faith of all patriots, whethei of 71 or '??-, readiness to spend life freely, gladly, a? a thing of i ro value asid? from its ability to serve freedom and right. "I offer neither pay r or quarters nor provisions; I offer hun? ger, thirst, forced marches, battles and I death. Let him who loves his country in ! his heart, and not with his lips only, fol ? low me." So spoke Garibaldi, sitting 1 his horse in the Piazza before St. Peter's ; in Rome, in the most desperate hour of I his life. There were 4,000 patriots to fol ; low him; and, dying, as most of them did, they yet served to keep alive the cause of ? ?lorn. It is a long roll, and we Americans can be as proud as any nation of our share I in it. Its standards are ?imple, is life j a thing te be husbanded and made com fort able and saved at whatever cost? Or if 11 a thing to give simply promptly, when the things that OM holds dear are imperilled? Is it possible that any Amer? ican can doubt hi I nniWOTI A Discovery in Art It is instructive to learn thai M. Mai-eel Dachamp has discovered "two great paint? ings" at the notable exhibition of the In ??pendenl Artists in the (?rand t'entrai Ps ace. Upon one of these it is unneces? sary to dwell, since the merits of the artist r?nceme?! have been sufiirictitly ad\?*r !iso?i mi former occasion??. The other, however, is the work of OM who for long years lias striven vainly 1" persuade the people of New York of his versatile genius, and it must be profoundly gratifying to him to find at last a perfect kindred spirit the illustrious painter of "The N'u?le Tumbling Down Stai How long reputations survive in the realm of the New Art is a doubtful point, but when the Cubists and their fellow ??(inspirators first took the town by ?storm a few years ago the name of Marcel Du chantp was always spoken with profound reverence by the leaders of modern taste. He was then the very essence of all that is advanced in picture making, and a nod of approval from so gr?ai a man would surely have established the fame of the most unpromising dauber extant. It may therefore be hoped fi r Mr. KU shemius'i sake thai his discoverer still has some credit among this year's Modems, for it will save him a world of pains in praising himself, nn occupation which has hitherto taken up far too much of the time he might have spent in painting, writing plays and poems, composing music or prac? tising any of the numerous arts in which iie excels. It was an occupation, too, which he must have hated, though forced by the spirit of the times to engage in it. His poetical remarks on this point may be recalled: This is the age when boastings go When poems sell which have no poetry there - When, sacrilegious to Art'? canons fair, Small men write sonneti: trifles for the low. In those days the egotism forced upon him by a neglectful public had not taken possession of his name, and he called him? self ElshemUS, without the two i's. In the past his modest ambition had been to gain admission to the National Academy. II? relates the sequ<'! in free verse: But now I know the falseness of the name. The Academy is a mere private club; There'.- nothing National: see the game'" We have no public exhibition buildings So, artists not in the swim ?this is the rub i To insure admission toady for membership. He tried a direct appeal to the critics, but with no more sue? T'other ?lay I sent four letters to the pre??, Inviting the art-critics to my room Since I had sixty oils in gala dress In be noticed. They never came! Ah, me, what gloom To my distracted son!! "Wails of a New York Artist-Painter" is the title of this remarkable poem, and it is as gloomy throughout. But now that he has at last been discovered by the cele? brated M. Marcel Duchamp, Mr. Eil shemius will perhaps be persuaded to round it off with a cry of triumph and a final dig at the blindness of the critics. Time for a Price Dead Line i, ',.; Q /v.,' ; tdatri American commodity prices arc runni.i'* wild. Wheat has jumped far above two dol? lars, Corn is around a dollar and a half. Cotton soared above twenty-one cent.s a pound. Steel plates have bean sold at live the price in normal years. Leather has risen to a point where it has resulted in S virtual boycott on shoes. Here is a con? dition which Congress should meet an 1 solve instantly. The American people ouirht not to he the only belligerents in the world who are left unprotected by their own gov? ernment in the matter of prices. If ? can say to its farmers that *1..'!7 is the top limit for wheat it should be possible for tl.e United States to establish a maximum pnce. And so with all other staple commo. Urn';- horrors Will tartly be doubled unless our government doe?? what other govern? ments have already ?lone, namely, establish i a price dead line. Otherwise the rich will be able to bid for commodities at any figure. while the prostrate poor sulTer. Soldier and Sailor, Too ? ,i? , Our soldiers of the sea bave been tl of our troops to adopt splinter-proof helmet*. A new type of chilled Steel head protector h; heen devise.1 for the Marine Corps, and its members will be thus equipped as fast as the | order ran be made up. The Marine Corpi i? , almost always first. It? ?fleers have seen | the value of the Lewis machine gun, and the corps has this weapon ready for business when called upon. Other branches of ?he ? I can follow or not as they choose. The marines are usually followed. If you ask a marine, even n vrrv boyish one, what the marines do, he will draw him ' self up and tiny, "F'ir?t Una of defence on land or aea," or "First on the job." He may tell of bow the) bmlt ? railroad in the West so that oth/r forces could follow thrm, how they are prepared to mount gunn on the shire for the jackics. or man a fiel I gun themselves. The authorized strength of thf corps is 17,800) and the recruiting parties are talking of how quickly they expect to be able to leport that their muster roll is full. There is | something about being first in fighting that t appeals to the best type of prospective re? cruits and leads many of them to presert themselves for examination by the marines. The corps is getting the number of men it wants, and is not lowering ita standards one bit. Young men who want to go to the war like to be Rrsl No one ?an tell the American marines any i thing about war, for they form the front row. No Deterioration i ?i Tmt ?winif tasa? One of the little stunts of the doctor at the recruiting station is to have the candidate ait down and croa? one leg over the other. Then with the edge of hi? hand the doctor comes down sharply on the recruit's leg just above the knee. If the yopngater'a foot kicka | out it is a aign that in one regard he la aound. Something of that sort prevails In business. ; If the railways hint even a little bit about ! raising rates, shippers kick out vigorously. 1 The thing is automatic, involuntary. By that I we know that the ?hippera are sound in body , an wind, doing their elgfcl or ten hours of sleep a night and eating three timea a day . with their traditional cornp' ti tice. If the time ever romrs when tbe shippers fail to respond to this stimulus then we will all know there is something in these whisper inga of national deterioration. 1'ntil thei., let'a not believe anything of the aort? I In Memoriam A. H. ( \.|Urnn Mrrherl. C?pl?in I^ird Lura?, R. I . I ?I Kdled CVIobcr ?, \*M>) '/?rom Ttir Srn ittni'tman) ? Of ?II your brave adventure? thl?. th- I?*'. I ?n l.-avest nil? and best; Meel ending to ? long embattled psst. rhi ?wit, triumphant, (?tal que?'. ?'rowncd with the wreath that never prrishrih Aii'l diadem ?f honorable death; ? Swift Drath aflamo with offering supreme Ai.?i mi?hty Macriflc?'. Mor? than nil mortal drram; A ?oaring death, and near to heaven'? gate; .tli the very walls of Paradise. Surely with ?oui elate You heard th? destined bullet aa you law. And Barely your irophctic spirit knew That you had well deserved that shining fate. Here i? no wast?, No burning might-have-been, No bitter after taste, None to censure, mine to screen, Nothing awry, nor anything misspent, ?inly content, content beyond content, Which hath not any room for bcttermen*. you found companions meet for you : In that h ich place; You met there face to face Those you had never known, but whom you knew; Knight? of the Table Round. And all the vary brave, the very trae, With chivalry crowned; The captains rare, Courteous and brave beyond our human mi; Those who had loved and suffered overmuch. Now free from the world':* touch. And with tl ?in were the friends of yestenlr.. Who wen? baton and pointed you the way; And in thai, place of freshness, light and rest, Where Lancelot and Tristram vigil keep Over their King's long sleep, Surely they made a place for you, Their longrcxpected guest, Among the chosen few, And welcomed you, their brother and their friend, To that companionship which hath no end. And in the portals of the sacred hall You hear the trumpet's call, At. dawn upon the silvery battlement, Reecho through the deep And bid the sons of (iod to rise from sleep, And with a shout to hail The sunrise on the city of the Grail: The music that proud Lucifer in Hell Missed more than all the joys that he fore? went. . You hear the solemn bell At vespers, when the oriflammes are furled; And then you know that somewhere in the world That shines far-off beneath you like s gem They think of you, and when you think of them You know that they will wipe away 'heir And cast aside their fears; That they will have it so, And in no otherwise; That it is well with them because they ki.n.v, W !*h faithful e; I forward and turned upward to the skies, That it is well with you, Among the chosen few, ' Among the very brave, the \ery true. M. B. Charles Chaplin r_4 Vtirtry Journal The road, the dust, the shambling feet. 0, tricky feet of mine, what would you do with me? Something leaps in you that is heard in spring, ? iping a tune of utter childishness Above the clatter of the street, ? song never heard on sea or land Bui turns us sick for Somewhere we but half remember. If tho.-e feet would lead me where they live, Ah. there's a story! Bui the half-million. ?RASH! So manv brick? flattening me on the screen, A withering butterfly, and only a dream of gardens A?ive w ?thin him. So I can only play I'm free. That's art, A make-believe of freedom, the saddest life of any. All right, I'll he sad. I.ct the people know how sad a man can he: I'o they think I'm going to slip in soapy water. Kick and he kicked, twirl my cane, look like a busted flush. Forever? Damn the half-million! I'll show them there is only one "forever," That comes when we leave the stage, Step into the wings and never come again. There is something beautiful in wondering What we shall find there, home or more than home, or less. I'll show them that, how beautiful Are loncl'.iess and wonder never answered; ; I'll wet their cheeks with tears We find upon the face when we wake up. When I have ..pent that half-million, And faced and cursed the glaring lense to nauseum. And all my laughs are on the screen, And my soul is empty; I'll trust my feet, my foolish feet, , To bring me back again To Somewhere. ROBERT ALDEN SANBORX. On "Nocturne, Blue and Gold, Old Battersea Bridge" Fmrn fat ?Cristi ; A voice of the rockets To break the sky; Then the flash ?inly to make the darkness intense. Might I ever become that voice? The light precious, of a moment and death, i? it not that of our lives'.' To fare only the skv, even for a moment, and forget the land, And become a rider of the winds; What a joy in parting from life's confusion, ! To find a greater song amid the clouds. The voice of the rocket: Then the flash ? Is it not that of my soul born to please the people below, ? And to take pain of death in her own keep? ing alone? \ YONE NOGl'CHI. Nakano, Japan. Le? Regrets <r?.?ni Th* WrstmiHItrr (?mrttri There are many countries that I have not seen And manv kinds of men I have not met; j l?ut all the gracijus towns where I have been I Haunt in my brain and whisper there and set ? Strange echoes going with their lovely names. ? Hirdlip and Paris, Fontainebleau and Wells, < Places that live in me like happy dreams And sound in the present day like distant bell?. | Here I am set and there's no end. no end; Too soon the vision closes, too long remains, Like the last long talk one had with a lost friend, Whose memory lingers on when friendship wares. Better to stay at home! The towns one eees Trammel the day with ?tupid memories. i EDWARD SHANK?. THE PRUSSIAN SCHOLAR AND THE DEVIL "Tel] me. Herr Satan, what else could I do in order to make more enemies."' "Impossible. You have exhausted even* means." ?From "Flspa?n," of Madrid. The Battle of the Mame General de Lacroix Brilliantly Reviews in the Paria "Temps" a New Book on the Marne Campaign b\i a Prc-Gcrman Srviss Writer, M. Stegemann A pro-German Swiss writer, If. Stegen* ha? begun the publication of a history ol \ present war. Its first volume has just peared In Germany. The enterprise si premature at a moment when one has at disposal only official accounts of what ; pened and storie? by correspondents w ? have been submitted to censorship. The , tory of a war can M written only with a 1 tain detachment, when one possesses the ords of all the branches of the army and statements of the commanders, at every in the military hierarchy. The deposition the lowest subalterns and they alone ] mit us, in many cases, to discover the *<*1 truth. It was only a few years before the ginning of the present war that one C( ? write a comnlete and exact story of the ba | of August 18, 1870. \ Plea, Not a History The books written to-dav about the war persons who have taken part in it are no be despised. They contain much valuable , terial. That is not the case with M. Stc mann's work, which seems, on the contn to be an interested plea, the materials which h-ive been furnished him by our ad*. saries. Accordingly, the Herman newspap have been eager to print entire chapvrs ol The first volume deals with the causes the war and the operations up to the close the Battle of the Marne. Of the causes . the war, naturally forced on Germany by enemies, I shall say nothing. The book c ' tains no argument which has not been rep duced a hundred times and as many times tuted. 1 shall limit myself to discussing 1 , critical comment which accompanies the st( of the Battle of the Marne, by means of whi the author strives to diminish the import?t I of our victory. The Battle of the Marne was broken off I the order of the German High Conimat without a decision having been reached, a j at a moment, as II. Stegemann says, wh von Kluck's army had just checked brillittm i the enveloping manoeuvre of Maunoury the Ourcq, and when ? breach of twenty kil metres had been opened between the army Koch and that of de Langte de Cary. "Before de Langle, with six divisio hastily collfcted, delivered ? battering rs blow, throwing himself ag?iin OH Vitry, fa would easily have decided the battle in fav T of the Germans if a strategic reserve hi [ been held in readiness behind the Third ai ? Fourth German armies." The von Schlieffen Doctrine Evidently, If behind these two Germs | armies the enemy had had at its disposal I third, for use in attacking the flank of Foe i or the flank of de Langle. he would ha\ been able to continue the battle successfull But ha larked that reserve which prov? cither his weakness or his lack of foresight. , In the discussion in which he engages c ! the causes at the German check M. Stege mann cites the work of Marshal von Schliel fen on the battle of Cannae?a work whicl ; he says, ha? brilliantly analyzed and fixe , the type of the battle of destruction proceed ' ing through double envelopment. If I recal i that work, ?o famous in Germany, I find ii this citation of it a very shallow apologj Von Schlieffen holds that, with present arma ? ment, frontal attacks conducted by dee? I masses are powerless even against very in 1 ferior forces, fine ought not to relnforc the centre, but one ought to provide it witl abundant munitions. And even if the centn should be pierced at some point no grea 1 damage would result. "Hannibal avoided reinforcing his centre He placed there forces at the most only on? 'third of those of the enemj. He knew per. , fectly well that this feeble front would h? ! pierced by the Roman legions. That would I only make it easier for the Carthaginian i wings to gain ground, to overlap th? flank? fin order to drive them in toward the centre ' and thus to stop pursuit by one side and re j treat by the other." Marshal von Schlieffen was chief of the i.erman General Staff for fifteen year?, and it is permissible to think that his doctrines were in part the cause of the complete ab %ence of reterve? in the rear of the centre of the Gorman army at the Battle of the Marne. Our enemies would have been glad to apply hi? formula of double envelopment. But our command gave them no opportunity to do so. The doctrino laid down by tho former chief of the German General Staff was therefore found inapplicable. And I ask why M. Stege mann, who is a great admirer of our enemiei and their apologist, has given it so great a place in his book. Another cause of the absence of reserve behind the (?erman army ought to be sought in the Russian offensive in East Pruaaia, "The two fronts cast their shadow on th? table on which lay the cards of the Hiirh Command." It precipitately withdrew army corps from France to send them to the Mazu linn Lakes. Our High Command also had its part in the victory. Our soldiers are equally deserving of praise. Nobody was discouraged by the setbacks at the beginning, M. Stege? mann says: "The armies of France having been de? feated in Belgium and in Lorraine, and nets' battles having been lost on the lines of the Oise and the Meuse, the French General Staff waa clever enough to appreciate the change in the situation. It ordered a strategical re? treat, which prevented the adveraary from en? veloping the flanks or breaking the French front, and which permitted the situation to be reestablished on a new line further in the rear. The French General Staff took care not to seek points of support in the fortified places. Beaten, but not .|i?per.-rd, the French armies had passed down toward the basin o( the Marne, after having gained time on the Oiae and tin* Mcusc, and the Germans found, to the south of the Marne, a dense army capable of a desperate resistance." Why the Germans Recoiled Reserves drawn from the depot troops flowed to all points of the front. Joffre trans? ported by railroad entire army corps to sec? tions where our line was wavering. He moved them thus from his right to his left to sup? port the army of Maunoury on the Ourcq, where Galli?ni, without hesitation, carried by automobiles the available part of the garrison of Paris. That marked the end of our re? treat. The enemy fought in vain againat our armies for four days, after which its High Command resigned itself to ordering a re? tirement. The lack of munitions and reserves made itself felt. The fighting force of the troops, weakened by privations, had about reached its limit. The army of von Kluck was hardly able any longer to contain the flank attack of Genera! Maunoury, reinforced by the troops sent from Paris by Geneml Galli?ni. Muni? tion? were running low; supplies wer?> not as? sured; the enemy's line* of communications toward the west were uncovered. "Antwerp still held out, and on September 9, profiting by what was happening on the Meuse, the Belgian army made e vigorous sortie. The transportation of supplies and reserves was endangered. The railroad lines, the bridges and tunnels were still unrepaired, and on the other side of the Channel, in Eng? land, an enemy was preparing an enemy which we had beaten, it is true, at Mons and St. Quentin, but which we had not destroyed and who was nearly ready to get again into motion. ThtSt were the many reasons for deriding to stop the battle, which was de? veloping under unfavorable strategic condi? tions." Joffre's Scheme of Strategy The decision, taken by General Joffre, to retire to the Marne was the determining cause of the strategic conditions unfavorable to the German armies. It would not have been the same if he had tried to prolong hia defence and to fight foot by foot to within a short distance of our frontier, aupportlng himself in the first placa ?m Lille ?ml Mau beui/e and the other fortified works, like those of ?urgie?, Msulde, and upon the forests of that region, those of Raismc?. Marnai and St. Michel; and, in the second line, on the works of La F?re, Laon and Rheims. That scheme of defenc?? had been long un? der consideration and had led to the construc? tion of numerous fortifications. The advance of the enemy would certainly hsve been slowed down. Rut he would have had time to organise his supplies, while our armies would have found themselves at an inconvenient distanco from theirs. All our fortified works would have furnished to our troops only an illusory sur-port. They were of the epoch of the fort of Malmalaon, except Maubeuge, and the enemy would not have been obliged to await the arrival of the great guns which were used to reduce Liege, Namur and Antwerp. The guns which the German armies carried with them would have sufficed for that purpose. That is not all. On the first line of de fence, as well a? ?n th. matattt\ ? would have lent themeeWes to the \7? **** of envelopment foreshadowed by ?ferrtT1*1 Schliefen a man?uvre, mom,,, ,*?** if th, nlan of eoer.t.L. .** the base "" -"*."* ""'n o* *P*ratioai -rf .r General Staff at Berlin even befor, ?T shal became its chief. On th? 14^' *lr" no lonrrer the same Oar ?est fet J* covered by Paris. the msn-atrrrs of fttia?? of "Cannie" wax no longer possible ^^ On- can admit that the fort|?Atitlli Paris would not have offered s proti-?u!? * sistanee if they had been attacked ?H? means required for such aa operation *??** Germans did not htr? th? troop, mWt^^* needed to realise their pl?n. They ,*y* even have the reserves necessary u ees?* very long on the Marne. M. itMammaamT* ognlses that General Joffre, in th? tf? situation which confronted him, "w*?** and sure calculator, and showed hi?!,-?* master." Would one have found tusyX ' capable of taking the decision whicfc am * eralissimo took? To retreat dellbe^,-*" far as the Marne; not to allow the ItaaL* make u?e of the fortified worka whW|\l* encountered on their route; to abandai LUL La F?re, Laon, Rheims; not to leave bo garrisons which would have beea ath many forcea uselessly lost. General Jofo * t'ni,se trying days, was a chief. The German Staff Out-Msa???-^ Our soldier? rose to the same heiejit? their commander. The old warrior bleei i our race revived. "Their feeling of ret??* strength and their warlike spirit,** un ? .Stegemann, "compelied the Germans te i*?* nize that they had staked all on a threw the dice, when, wishing to push to? far tie strategic success, having lost eight ef *? toasts of the aea, they had followed thefiamtk general beyond Rheims, without '?"?--ytr, themtelves with the resources whith rir might conceal when they had been drs-?t?'?i the valley of the Marne snd had finally a.. ccpted battle far from their coramuniatm, and under unfavorable conditions. ItwaitJm which led them to evade a decision misa could make or break them. On Apte-a?^ the German command saw itaelf faena? ?j, necessity of appreciating at a glane? fe changes which had altered the tituatitt,*, take all the necessary decisions and to earn them resolutely into effect** M. Stegemann asks whether the sitaati?*? was Intelligently grasped or whether tk? tat? tle ahould have been fought to an eni I do not hesitate to say that the Genau command could not have taken any oti-* resolution. Munitions were low; the Wtt*t continued until the chests were empty, whU have ended in disaster; the retreat staal( have been a rout, without hope of taking im holding a new position anywhere, at tk? G?r mans were able to do on the Aisne. Our enemies had understood evea Wftn the war began that the rapid-fir? gst t> manded a very large supply of ammunlti-s. But they had not economized in Belgium tti during our retreat. And although Uiair tar tories had been organized for intensif? an. duction, the length of the lines of e*m?n. cation and the wrecking of the railroidtpre? vented them from ?provisioning theauhn regularly. The Retreat to the Aisa? The decision to retreat having bees tatet : "it wss necessary," M. Stegemann writ??,* break away from the enemv. u, seize ? in position and to intrench there. That *** done quickly and resolutely. The ami eta not establiahjd in a position where it wsu.i remain exposed to a flank attack. Itwti*? ducted beyond the Aisne, to the place whin on Auguat 20, the offensive had attalse?! it? apogee on a line where connections wit the rear were still unbroken in a certa*-? measure.'* The lack of munitions was not the ??'' cause of the inability of the Germans to itu the Battle of the Mame any furth*r. Th* fighting strength of the soldiers had hu? exhausted by the privations and fati*pwi of ? rapid march. In order to demonstrate that the G***sui were not beaten on the Marne M. Sttfttttti . employs the argument that they eneatttttt! few difficult?s in their retreat. "Betw-r the Marne and the Aisne,*" he taji, "tor enemy captured only some scstteNJ tut guards, some abandoned batteries an" ?*""? wounded left behind with their hospital t* tendants." The (iermans were beaten ?m th? Ma? because they could not make us retreat,?* because they had to retreat themseWi?. ** did not reap the fruita of the victory btestw ? we, too, were very short of munition?. Tan had given ua a vague replenishment by ta**"' ; ing all that remained in our stor?hea?tt ' Our troops had undergone faUgue? at i"?*1 equal to those which the Oermans had taie gone, during our operations In Belgm**" ?**' on our difficult retreat. In spite of th?tr ? thuaiaam after victory they had no los**?*"*' vigor for a punishing pursuit. Hurnsn foK*?' have a limit. The Beginning of Blefe Deadlsrk "On the Aisne," says M. StegeiBBan, **m I two parties hoped to make an end of th* ta paign. Sustained by the conviction of ? tory, the French reassumed the ril? *' * gresaor?. They hoped to complete th? &*&? I of the enemy and drive him beyond U* tt*> tiers. On the contrary, the GermsMj* i root and eought to regain the uppsr hsaJ ? operation?. But things took a diff?rant M It was not the first phase of the e?M* ?hirh ended at the Mam?. It wa? UtJ epoch of open warfare. The war of ??*? now began." It would be more exact to say thft? *** I wsr began, with all its compl.catioB? l* ! tediouaneaats, which have been i*T*J*T l us. This war has permitted us to fr**'' , the material which we lacked, to eossw | new armies and inatruct them throul? hard experience of daily engagement^ day we are reaping the fruits. W* W the German will never have tgsi? ***. ' tery in operations. He ha. now **m* ?* for the same reasona as after th. *? the Marne; and he will retreat S|t^ >econd nh.ae of the Ortat War It ?*?* third, which ia commencing, will **? th? laat. _. Keep the Klaf Flying To the Editor of Tha Tribuns. .Sir: "Kv'ry man's a eoldur When his country ?silt; Ev'ry man's a fighter . Till the foeraan fsll? Thia is true of the men with theg? th? heart's blood of Ameritas *?*~?a ?t But the brave and loyal m? WB |#t ?a, -Aith the colors because they wo? H although they are "boiling m?***- '? at the frent. What can they do. ?*?* least ?how their color?. *-* A flagon every House ?odd 7^,-*? there is in the land a vast ansy ?? ready to repel an invader. ?fff i I'nfurl the flag ???rywht*r?; ?^??jj?t unfurltd sa long M the swsrd ? ? "??INS. JOSKPH L^yr? 'fi% Richmond Hill. Long Ia!?nd. Apr?