New-York tribune. [volume], July 27, 1917, Image 1

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First to Last?the Truth: News ? Editorials ? Advertisements
Vol. LXXVII No. 25,821
Ito|i?rlalil 1017?
The Tribune A??*n]
FRIDAY. ?JULY 27, 1917
* * ?>
ONE CENT ?X
t?r
Sammies Find
Bomb Pitching
Great Sport
Some American Soldiers
Even Put Curve on
Grenades
Held in Check
By Instructors
Warned to "Save Their
Arms"; Men Are Busily
Studying French
Ry HEYWOOD BROIN
iecredited to the Pershirtg army in
fravce i or The NbtS York Tribune
and Syndicate.
(CepJTt?tit. 1*1*. b* Th* Trlhun? a\itrx1?t|pnj
-CONTROLE AMERICAIN," HEAD
Ql'ARTF.K-S AMERICAN EXPEDI?
TIONARY ARMY IN FRANCE, JILY
2?S.?"Pit f>omething on it," said the
?ergeant, and the American soldier
rripped ? dummy bomb in his left hand
?nd 1st it go as if he were an outfielder
trying to nail a runner at the plate.
The bomb sped along some eighty
fiT? metres before it came to a stop.
The trio of instructor? were on the sol
di?r in an instant. While admitting
that it *?as one the long-est bomb throws
they h?d ever seen, they insisted that
it would rot do. There was not enough
art fer efficiency, and, beside?, the sol?
di? must keep his grenades coming
ttOL H:s arm, they said, would never
lUnd tas strain of an overarm throw
for more than a few minute?.
Some Americans are inclined to doubt
?hi?. The prenade weight is little more
ESS ? pound, and our soldiers believe
that any man whose throwing muscles
hire been particularly developed can
keep pegcing away for some time.
For the most part, however, the men
toned their bombs with the long over
inn -weep used by all the contending ?
?rreies. ?Sometimes the temptation |
?ould prove too strong, and with a I
?hoop the soldier would cut loose a ;
ittt throw.
Puts Curve
On a Bomh
A privat? who once pitched in the
Southern League ssys he has developed
a rjrve for bomb throwing. He i? ex- ?
?aerimenti-ig with a wide out-drop to
?ring unsuspecting foemen who seek
?heifer close to the parapet?.
To-morrow there will probably be
?any sore arms and shoulders, but ?
to-day the men enjoyed themselves
hufely, for there was more of a game
element to Immb throwing than in
''er.ch d;gf*:r.g or moving around the
;ti heavy marching order.
There wat drill for battalions in
?ecur?ey, a? well as ?peed and distance.
The bombing was beg-un at ten metres
?nd carried on up to twenty. There
??i also machine tjun practice at many
ttintt in the camp.
One of the first casualties occurred
'?iterosy, wheu a private found a
'"?ded grenade in a field where th?
'with ha?) been practising. He tried
t?open it ?* th a hammer and the bomb
?lloded He will probably lose hia
??ft hand.
Ta? general leaves to-day for a two
of intimate observation to the
""?nch front.
"Uncle Sam," the lion cub mascot of
**? ?rmv. s ailing Visiting soldiers
*?rt in the habit of feeding him every
Ulf-hour, and it is believed the pace
!'?ld on h m. "Sam" was never finicky.
S? would eat anything but the army
*t*A?, and tnen his only objection was
?W danger *o his teeth. Every effort
? being made to restore him to health,
??the army plans to send him over the
***<,?? a presnt to the Kaiser, when ha
1 full grown.
???tody French?
*-*trman, 1 oo
Many men add to their ration hy
'?tpurch&?e of hot French bread- Next
? hre?d the most popular artitle of
******??rce is a new book de?igned to
****** French easy for American sol
?**? Rather ominously,' it contains
**** German equivalent for every French
*a*A F.hglnh word offered, and explains
?*?* this will be useful to prisoners.
" ?lso contains such useful bits of
"??ting t'>T the Germans as "Throw
9 !'? ?? ? " and "Come out of
'?*'? "???'.? r >., o besss It ' " Tbt
**s\wt ewe? its popularity among the
****??i?rs chiefly to Its masterly handling
**Jbo problems of pronunciation.
b* prononciation i? one of the
?'?Stett difficulties of the language,"
"?ft the ho-,?-, "it has beer decided to
***** it out."
****tt of the soldiers wi?h this
***t?a4 tros applied to other thin*-*
~\ mam *':?**. r.g-, for iasti
_-?.
M Says He's Teuton Spy
^tewood Woman Causes Hus
???nd's Arrest for Theft
*r* AvtWlt F.acky, of Ridifew?,o<!,
* *?? *ho ?kargad her husband with
**w*t ?i*bbS from her, yesterday in
*T*-*r.b? police court, told Magistrate
******* that when they were married,
"?***?n rrior.tr.? ?go, Kacky hari told
??st so wat a eaaat and a Gensaa
bf at4 hmrl moved in high cirrlas u.
Sa*""
a*?? ?????r'e-i that her husband had1
???T?1**"* ItewSO belonging to her a?naj
??TT*1***? **? In h.? own name. Saeky,
*(^7j *?????? fFi,rii wjth an ofllre at 11
j^**?]r, earri? to court voluntarily
""?* that hi? wif? had intruated a
ajfj-j^- ? ?->? .11* win ri?fj aaruii?
jJ*****?ol? a urn t?, him to Invest, ?<
K, J5JwTM ,/f h"r% *''-??? not -?"t tl*
H^ ?? held for examination tomor
'aO?*b? Jehn Lasnyon, of th? Beereti
*,?*' sctompanie?! Mr?. Saeky U
THEY SEEM TO HAVE FORGOTTEN WHAT THEY
WERE PUT THERE FOR
Socialist Peace Resolution
Voted Down by Commons
Members Agree, 148 to 19, With Asquith, Who
Says No Democratic Move Can Be Expected
From German People in Present Temper
London, July 2**?.?The House of
mons, after employing the whole t
lag session in a discussion of a r
resolution moved by James Rar
Macdonald, Socialist and Labor n
ber, defeated it by a vote of 14S t<
The announcement of the figures
received with some cheers and n
laughter.
The smallnebs of the numbers in
. House when division was taken i?
indication of the little interest sh
by Parliament in any hope of a us
peace movement at the present iu
ure, and the conviction was voicec
an important statement by Herbert
Asquith, the former Premier, t
nothing was to he hoped from
present temper of the GsfSSaa Bal?
tag and people.
Mr. Macdonnld, as shown by the v.
found very few supporters. Ceo
James Wardle, in behalf of the I.i,
party, d'elined to have anything to
with this pacifist resolution.
The speech of Andrew Bonar I.:
the government leader in the Hou
dealt largely with the Russian cri;
He said that all the nations engaj;
were staggering under the blow, I
that the resources of the AU; 's w<
sufficient to make it absolutely CSrtl
that unless their hearts fuiled th'
'hey must secure the resui's for whi
they entered the war. Th?
bat? reached a point where it was
question of rtaying power, and in tl
matter he had absolu'e confidence
the Allies. He was equally certa
that if anything could delay peace
would b<r any sign of .altering.
Philip Saowttsa, Sodalist, said t
debate disclosed that the British go
ernment, more than any other bel?ge
ent, was -tandinjf in the way of i
early settlement. lie protested aicain
more blood being? Hied to restore A
! eace-lxirraine to France.
Charle?. P. 'lrevelyan, who
the resolution, agreed in condemn.'
the uncertainly in the speech of O
German Chancellor, I)r. Michaelis, ar
said that they were all BRreeil th:
peace awaited the restoration i
Belgium ,-nd Prance without an
: economic or other conditions. II
alsa ttoahSad whether there could h
(.??ace until all the Koverriments clear!
and Sxprasslp I?[.uiliated the ItJSS I
ro* ou. it or am
Former Premier Asquith thou-,'1.
that the previous speakers attache
more importance to the Keichsta
resolution that it really deser\e?
After an obscure struggle m Berlin, i
which for a time it seemed as if th
a'|-. i;i ..?>? - of a relatively moderati
policy would Ml thnr way, he said
the military chiefs obtained the dis
missal of the Imperial Chancellor, i?
whom the Emperor only a few days be
fore nail expresse?! h.? confidence.
"fv*':e," said Mr. Asquith, "has be
come the supreme interest of mankind
but subject to an all important condi
tion, namely, that it is a peace which
doe? not defeat the purpose for which
the great nations entered upon and
have continue?! *ht- war and that it
does not turn to wast?- th.- immeasur?
able los? and ?uiering which they had
?harrd and are sharing in common."
Hi- v.eleorn? "I the news that a con?
ference would l?e tuld early in autumn
on the Invitation of the Russian g'?v
, rnrnent Nothing but good could come
?,f a plain re'tttitemerit of the Aille?'
aim? in a good cauae, be declared. Two
r*w fact? of the present year first,
tmt ?nd of autocracy forever in Russia,
and, ?econd, ?he appearance, with all
tr.er moral and material fore??, of the
United 8UU? in th? ?toggle had ?.
?direct bearing upon the opinion of the
I world a? to trio sincerity of the Allies'
aim?.
"They mean," continued the former
"Premier, "that the Allied nations now
include an overwhelming majority of
the free peoples of the world. The Al?
lies are lighting for nothing but free?
dom and nothing short of freedom.
"Kamostly as we desire peace, no
reace is worth having which would re?
store, under some thin disguise, the
precarious status quo ante helium, and
would leave countries like Belgium,
Serbia and Greece at the mercy of
autocratic intrigue or under tht men?
ace of military coercion.
"'It would be premature and futile to
grapple in detail with the geographical
problems eventualy to be solved. The
principle clearly agreed to by every
one of the Allies i? that in any rear?
rangement made the governing princi?
ple ought to be the interests and the
wishes of the populations aff*>cted. Hut
i- that principle acceptable to the Cen?
tra! Powers? Is Germany prepared not
only to evacuate Relgium, but to make
reparation for the colossal mischief
tnd damage which accompanied her
devastating occupation and the practical
enslavement of a largo portion of the
Belgian people? Is she prepared not
only to do that, but to restore to Btl?
gium, not a pretence of, but absolute,
independence?
"I should like to know the German
answer to these questions. I find no
?i in the vague, indeterminate for?
mula? of the RfichstHg. I have no de?
sire to say that peace is impossible,
but I cannot see, from what has re?
cently occurred in Berlin, any real ap?
proximation of a practical kind to the
tad objects of the Allies "
Mr. Asquith thought that the Ger?
man people were the greatest obstacle
to peace, but said that was a matter
for the Gorman people themselves. So
far as the Allies were concerned the
best hope of peace, he said, was a frank
and open statement of the objects for
which they were fighting, and as a
means to that end he welcomed the
fulle-t us'e of all opportunities for an
interchange of views between repr?sen?
t?t iv. s of the great democracies. It
roul.l not be too clearly stated that
this was a matter for the peoples, ra?
ttier than the governments.
"Once that is realized by the democ
raciei of the world," continued the for?
mel I'remier, "we shall be within meas
urbale sight of an honorable and last
itili peace."
Party Opposes
Mann's Fight
For War Board
Republicans Declare Against
Further Delay to
Food Bill
Washington, July 24?.?While Senate
and House conferrees were beginning
their work to-dav on the loag-dolnyod
Food Control bill sentiment among lie
publicans crystallized ngainst further
delaying enactment by continuing Re?
publican Leader Mann's fight for crca
itiort of a joint Congressional commit
! tee on war expenditures.
At an Informal conference of Re?
publican representative? it was made
clear to Mr. Mann, according to those
present, that no partisan tight on the
question at this time could command
the support of the party's representa?
tion in the House.
Former Speaker Cannon and Repre?
sentative Miller, of Minnesota, made
the principal pleas against the party
leader's course, and although no vote
was taken the general agilement after
?he meeting was that the tight for the
War Committee amendment would not
be pushed.
hope of getting the measure through
conference and ready for President
\\ ilson's signature next week waa
brightened somewhat by tht develop?
ment, but the leaden pointed out that
even with agitation for the war com?
mittee nmendmenl lilenced in the
House, the Senate remained on record
ai favoring it, and a tight there still
was possible. The President has asked
that the provision be eliminated be?
cause he believes it will only liarais
tl ose charged with conducting the war
The conferee? met twice to-.iay, but
accomplished little. They pledged
themselves to absolute secrecy, but it
is known that they passed over the
unopposed Senate amendment? for *he
time being and discussed generally
difference? between the two Houses
over other amendments. Included in
these were the proposals for a war
expenditure committee and for a tnod
control board of three member?.
Prompt action was promised by most
of the conferrees, some predicting
agreement by to-morrow night. In
other quarters, however, it was pre?
dicted that diaagreement on some of
the principal disputes probably Would
be reported. It was declared probable
that the House conferrees might be
forced to ask for instructions and a
vote on some of the disputes.
Adams in the Twin Cities
An advertising club that can be three times the
winner of the Printer's Ink Cup for good work is mighty
close in spirit to The Tribune.
So it's only natural that Samuel Hopkins Adams
took keen interest in looking into the activities of the
Minneapolis Advertising Forum. In next Sunday's
Tribune he tells some of the interesting things it's been
doing.
Of course Adams dropped into St. Paul, too; the
Town Criers' Club there is another live crowd. Alto?
gether there's tomething doing in the Twin Cities that's
well worth your reading of. Tell your newsdealer to?
day you want next Sunday's Tribune without fail.
Frank A. ?Scott
To Be Head of
War Industries
Secretary Baker Dominates
Organization of New
Board
Voice Is Given
To Union Labor
Baruch Sidetracked for
Chairmanship; Gompers (
May Be Member
By C. W. GILBERT
Washington, July 26. Frank Scott,
chairman of the General Munitions
Board, will be chairman of the War
Industries Board, whose membership
will probably be announced either after |
the meeting of the Council of National j
Defence to-day or for publication on
Monday morning. Mr. Bamch, who
was expected to he the head of this
organization, will be a member of it, in
charge of war purchase?.
Labor will be ropresented on this
board, probably in the person of Mr.
fl?SpSH. This will be the first recog?
nition of organized labor in any way
corresponding in importance with the
appointment of labor members to the
British War Cabinet. The new War
Industries Board will not correspond in
importance to the British War Cabinet, '
but it will be the most important body :
for purely war purposes which this ',
country will possess, until war forces
B8SBS new centralization of power, and !
labor will have representation upon it.
The form which this war organiza?
tion will take is largely the work of the
I Secretary of War. Newton D. Baker. It
is apparently Mr. Baker who In the last
few days has sidetracked Mr. Baruch ?s
the prospective head ef this most im
' portant war organization and has
I caused the appointment of his fellow
; townsman. Frank .Scott, to the post.
Baker Is Dominating Figure
Mr. Baker is the dominating figure in
the organization for war here now. He
I dominated the Council of National De
? fence and he has dominated its reor
t aanltati-on. His plan has largely pre
! vailed. His emergence is dramatic, al
' most romantic, in appearance, but it Is
easy to explain.
In a board where one man has a pood
mind, perhaps th' best mind, and where
he controls practically all the money to
he spent, he is inevitably the boss. That
las been the situation in the Council of
National Defence. The only men in it
with real power, with real money to
spend, have been the Secretary of War
and the Secretary of the Navy. And of
?these Mr. Baker had far and away the
' best brains and far and away the most
money to spend. He was the boss. He
ruled the Council of National Defence
i and has ruled it?s reorganization.
So far as there is a war organization
! in Washington to-dBy it is largely Mr.
Baker. And to this not only his rela?
tive capacity and his control of money,
hut also his personal influence with the
President have contributed. He is closer
'o the President than any other Cabinet
member, except Mr. McAdoo, the Presi
daat'S son-in-law. Mr. Baker's quick,
leen mental operation? are a source of
delic-ht to the President. Moreover
there is genuine affection existing be
twttfl the two. All of these things to?
gether make a very powerful man. And
Mr. Baker is a powerful man.
Rosenwald May Be Member
Besides Mr. Scott and Mr. Baruch and
a labor man, probably Mr. Gompers, the
expectation is that Julius Rosenwald
will he a member of the new War In
ilustrtes Boanl, which will combine such
creative work as the General Munitions
Board and Mr Rosenwald's supply com?
mittee have been doing with the work
of purchasing for this nation and for
' the Allies.
Thus the scope of the board has been
enlarged in accordance with Mr. Bak
ei'i ideas. With It will be appointed
a committee on priority, which will
pas* on questions of priority between
the government and the public and
probably between different members of
the public itself when the plan of a
?ingle price for every one government.
Allies and public alike goes into effect.
In these boards there will be a repre?
sentative of the army and navy and
representatives of the business world
whose names have not yet been dis?
closed.
The War Industrie? Board and its
correlated priority board will be un
? der the Council of National Defence,
because Mr. Baker so advised. Secre
? tary McAdoo urged that they be made
independent of the council.
j The argument was advanced that be
1 cruse the Council of National Defence
j had no power, being purely advisory in
j its function, it would be difficult to
I give powers to the War Industrie*
Board and the priority board if placed
under if. This situation is to be met
by having the Secretary of War, the
I Secretary of the Navy and the Ship
1 ping Board delegate the powers to pur
' chase and to commandeer, which they
i posses?, to the new boards.
Boards with Vast Powers
Thus you will have the anomaly of
I boards with vast powers, ?pending Dill
ions?delegated powers, it is true, but
I none the less vast?acting under a
body without powers, a purely ad
! vi.iory council. But that is the way it
i? to be. It is not clear just how
pewers to determine priority between
individual business men will be placed
in the hand? of the priority board'
'without action by ?cngres? Perhaps
th?y, too, may be found under th?
broad commandeering power? which |
the Pre?id?nt ?nd the Secretarle? sf
War ?nd Navy po????j.
New Budget
For War Nears
Ten Billions
War Department Estimates
ail for $5,278,
636,000
$2,000,000,000 More
Needed for Loans
House Memb-rs Propose In?
crease in Tax Bill to
$2,225,000,000
Washington, July 2"*.?The new war i
budget to carry the government
through to next July and to cover
additional credits to the Allies prom?
ises now to far exceed eight billion
dollars and may mount to ten billions.
War Department estimates sent to
(*ongress to-day call for new appropria?
tions of t*SjnjB9B,l 00 for that branch
of the military establishment alone.
Estimates totalling another $1,non,non,,
non or more are expected to-morrow
when the other departments report i
their needs, and in addition Secretary
McAdoo has indicated mat before the
year is out Congress will be asked for
a ?2,oon.non,iin.| appropriation to in
traatt the fund available for ' inns
abroad.
The g.-eatest item in the est .lates
is that of $'.',4?>8.i"l'!,0no, for "armament
of fortifications.'' This represent?
virtually half of the total asked for;
war expenditures, revealing that the I
War Department plans to mane the ?
countiy's coasts as safe as p? ? sinle '
from attack.
Favor Tax Increase
How much of the new war expenses
should be raised by taxation and how ?
much by bonds or Treasury indebted?
ness certificates is a warmly debated
question. Secretary McAdoo may ad?
vise personally with the House Finance
Committee on the subject. Committee
sentiment to-night seemed to be in
favor of increasing the Jl.f^ii.tsnn.noo
war tax bill only to about tf.000,000,
nno, with authorization both for a new
bond issue, possib'y at a higher in
1 terest rato and in serial form, und for
? issuance of Treasury certificates of in
I debtedness.
Secretary McAdoo is said to favor ?
! much larger levv of taxes, and a few
committeemen favor increasing the
bill's total by $1,000,000.000, or at lea?t
to $2,2'*5,000,000.
May Increase Interest
Whether the interest rate on the new
bonds shall be increased also is causing
much discussion. Some committee
! leaders fear it may be necessary to is
? sue 4 per cent securities.
The law provides that if bonds sub?
sequently issued shall bear a higher
rate, the first issue also shall bear th?
increased rate. There is a strong sen?
timent that the new bond? shall be in
serial form instead of running for
twenty years.
Ai to the ??urces of the new taxes
sentiment in the committee apparently
?Is tending toward securing the bulk
I of the increase from war excess profits
and incomes. Excises or consumption
! taxes an.l a few other minor new levies
also are being consiilered.
Several War Department officials will
appear to-morrow before the .Finance
Committee to explain their new esti?
mates. Chairman Simmons said to?
night that while the present year's ap?
propriations already total $9,22fi,000,
000, it is estimated that only about
$5,000,000.000 of that will be spent dur?
ing the fiscal vear, or before June SO,
1918.
Estimated deficiencies of $5.917,878,
347.91-1 in War Department funds were
! shown to-dnv m the communication
received by the Hou-e from the Sec?
retary of the Treasury. The amonr?
includes f6S9.241.422 appropriated with
th? passage of ?he aviation bill, mak
,ng the 'otal deficiencies 99?I9*SB,'
B9S.M.
Following are the estimates submit
to,, by Secretary McAdoo:
Office of the Chief of Suit, eontingenei???,
military information section. General Staff
Corps. $489,000,000.
Signal Service of the army, commercial tel?
ephone service at coast, $l,0*jO,000.
Artillery poet?. Quartermaster'? Depart?
ment, {...Oih',000.
I Pay. etc.. of the army. I71t?,lt$,440.$$;
?ub?i?t*nce of the army, l$2t,(73,*Ut :
Regul?r supplie*. 1113.917.126.
Incidental expense?. $U.0in,.9i.
Transportation Coat
Transportation of the army and aupplie?,
ii ..'.i;."..: >.'..
Water arid ?ewer? at military post?. $31.
??::..".oo.
Clothing ?ml camp and garrison equipage,
$*.'.:.:?"?;/ ? ?
Hone? for cavalry, artillery and engineer?,
$*>1,761,44J4
llarraek? and ?luarter?. 182,111,
Shooting galleri?*? ?n?l rang?*. $8,nl 4,540.
Koad?. walk?, wharves and drainage, $17,
(>n?tr?iction and repair of Wo?pitals. $33,
HO.OOt
Civilian military training camp?. $2,119,
00<>.
Medical dtrpartment, medical and hospital
department, f 10n.026 "'in.
Engineer department. engin-??-?* <-<iuipm-?nt
of troops. $4,300.MM.
Engineer operation? in the field, $100,000,.
MU,
Ordnance ?tor?*?, ammunition. 139,620,000.
Ordnance ?tor??? and supplie?. $70,04
Armored motor car?. $21,710.000
Armament of fortifications. $2.4?>8,?-.13,OoO ;
submarine mine?. $700,000; proving ground?.
$3,000,11.)"; Her.eci? Arsenal. Beneoia. Cal.,
ni.600; Frankford Arsenal. Philadelphia,
$'J.?530.000 ; Picatinny Arsenal. Dover. N. .!..
$4)0,000: Rock I.iland Ar.enal, Rock Iaiand.
III.. $1.646,200; San Antonio Araenal. San
Antonio. Tea., $185.000; Springfield Arsenal.
Springfield, Ma??, $445,000; storage facili
tie? at armories and amenai?, $500.000; ter?
minal ?acilitie?. $?j.00n.0."i . Watertown
Ar?enal. Wat-?rtown, Ma??.. $741.500; tent?
ing machine?, $10,000
Water liet Ar?*nal. Weist Troy. N. Y..
ITS- 500.
Panama Canal, protecting Panama (anal
and canal etructures. $6!?2.9nn
Submarine bane, can?! ion*. Panama
("anal. ti?<.-.t>25.
Total. $">,-J75.7r.3.750 *>S
SLPPLEMENTAI..*
Signal corpa, signal ?ervice of th? army, ,
$639.241.452.
Quart*^mast??r'-, Department. military
poeta*. $3*'-.MO.
Barrack? and quarter?, ?<?* coast defence??, i
$750.000.
As soon as the departmental reports I
are in the Appropriations Committee;
of Congress will go to work on an im?
mediate budget, which probably will!
total in the neighborhod of $7,000,
000,000. Mean time, the Senate Finance
Committee, which has the war tax bill
in charge, will meet to-morrow to con?
sider what part of the new expendi?
ture? is to be provided by taxation and
on what commodities the new levies are
to fall.
Death Penalty
Fails to Check
Russian Retreat
Nation in Peril,
Must Awaken,
Borah Warns
War Now America's,
He Says?Advises State
me* *? of U. S. Aims
[Fren Tk? Tribun? B'ir-ui)
Washin. ton, July 2*>. -Never in the
history ?,? the United State?. Senator
William E, Borah, of Idaho, declared in
the Senat- to-day. has the outlook bee i
so serious and menacing as it is to-i'ay
BS the result of the complete br<?ak- ,
down of "ussia. the growing success
of the I'-hoat campaign and the fact ?
that the French, hard pressed and |
heroic, are nevertheless doing their ?it- |
most without being able to move the
Qsnaaa line.
Mr. Borah made a vigorous plea for
some action which would awaken the
country to the seriousness of the situ?
ation, to make th?. people understand
thai this country is at war and that
it is in actual danger, that this war i?
for their "material welfare, and not
for their ?piritual welfare."
Senator Poindexter, of Washington,
interrupted the l.iaho Senator to ;i*'k
if Mr. Bora i did not believe if Ameri?
ca had not gone to war the war would
have come m us that German so.diers
would he ?'?tacking on American soil
following tnaj crushing ot France and
England .,-' America had not enteretl
the war.
Says People Misunderstand
"Some people," said Mr. Poindexter,
"actually advocate such a -ourse, on the
plea that we should make only defen?
sive warfare."
"But the case has not been s'ated to
the American people in that way," re?
plied Mr. Borah. "They suppose, if
they believe what they have been told,
that we are fighting for humanity, for
the rehabilitation of certain countries
in Europe and for the readjustment of
certain boundary linca in Europe.
"I believe that the terms and condi?
tions which we are fighting for should
be made clear to the American people,
and the terms and conditions on which
we would be willing to mske peace. 1
do not believe that Germany would ac?
cent such an offer at this time. No one
believes that, with Russia permanently
cut of the battle, with France at her
peak, but not moving the German lines,
and with the destruction of the world's
tonnage by the ('-boats increasing rap
Idly, Germany would accept any peace
unless she dictated the term?. But
these terms ought to be given to the
American people so they will know
what they aro eVxpected to fight for.
Public Need? Waking l'p
"You cannot carry on a war without
a sustained public opinion behind you,
and at the present time such a public
cpinion does n<it exist in this country.
"If the American people realized
what was at stake in this war, ind the
danger to their own country if this
war is not won. the Senate would not
now be appropriating million* of dol?
lars to improve creeks down which a
duck could not float.
"A few weeks ago Russia made her
declaration of peace without annexa?
tions or indemnities, but found no re?
sponse among the Allies. My ?pinion
is that if the United States had taken
a hold stand at that time for that iom
tion Russia weald he in a l1"1 per cent
better position to-day."
After discussing the Russian collapse
and the inability of the French to
break th? Germnn lines Mr. Borah
read at length from an artcle by Ar?
thur H. Pollen, the naval expert, in The
Tribune, showing how the U-boats
OTOTO increasing their haul and were re- I
ducing the world's available tonna-je to
a point where, in eighteen months,'
there would be a total of 12,000,000
tons loss net, after allowing for all
possible construction.
Demands Economy
Turning to taxation, Mr. Borah de
( lared that Congress should trim every
possible dollar from every appropria?
tion bill not essential to the conduct of
the war
"I want to say now that the business
men of this country had better get in?
terested in this question right away."
he said. "For we have got to raise
money, and there is only one way to
dc it?go to those who have got it."
He added up the total of bonds al?
ready floated in foreign countries, to?
talling $56,000,000.000, without count?
ing the ll0.0OO.flr00.O0S which the United !
States will have out before the end of'
the year.
"The American people," he continued.!
"had better send up a prayer for
Kerensky, for if he meets either an
assassin's bullet or failure it will mean
that millions of American boys will
f.nd graves in European soil. Dur peo?
ple must realize that the hour of sacri?
fice has arrived.
"Viviani, in that remarkable address
bidding farewell to the American peo- ,
pie, told u? that the great mistake the ,
German government nade wa? in not ]
knowing the French and English peo
pie. that they sent their ambassadors
to France and to England to study gov?
ernment and practue the art? of dip?
lomacy, but they misunderstood or did
net read at all the noble qualities of
the masses. Let us not as a govern
meat make that same fatal mistake '
with reference to our own people. I
Let us keep in mind that the ways of!
government and the path? of diplomacy I
overshadowed by no sacrifice are often
fat from the sad and dusty lanes down
which the people march to war.
"Government and diplomacy may be :
interested in the future of Constanti?
nople and the Bagdad Railway, but out
yonder In the open, where every mov?
toward war mean? sorrow and sacri?
fice, where families are to he separated
and broken, where hutband and broth-j
er and son are to be offered upon the I
altar, must be our country-you must!
speak to them of fh'.ngs of home and '
of the flag, you must give them an !
American issue for which to die.
"After we have declared war and I
Continuad on Naxt Paga
Whole Division Reported
Slain by Korniloff
for Treachery
Teutons Sweep
On Bukowina
Take Four Big Towns;
British Tanks in Thick
of Battle
London, July *J5. The great Russian
retreat continue*. The effort.? of the
valiant troops on the Yilna front and
in Rumania have served only to ease
the withdrawal temporarily. To-night
comes news from Berlin that the pres?
sure in Gall?is has forced a Russian re
tirentent in the ( arpathians. The army
there already has reaches' Kirlibaba on
the north tide of the ridge and is draw,
ing in on Czernowitz, the capital of
Bukowina.
Meanwhile th?? Au?tro (?ermans hat?
1 taken Bucacz, Tlumarz, Ottynia and
Delatyn, all important towns in the
evacuated territory, and at the point
of their deepest penetration, around
Tarnopol. they ha\e stormed th?
heights west of the ?Jni/na River as far
i as the Trembowla-M-i i.ityn road.
Only in this last SSCtet are the Rus
siens offering a rsaistence sufficiently
j stubborn to suggest that they hav?
reai-hed the line on which their leader?
, wish to stand. But Petrograd admits
that even at this vital point the morale
i of the troops is still deficient and that
counter attacks brought no definite re?
sults. The retirement from the Sereth
continues, with half the army demoral?
ized and the other half lighting bravely.
Death Penally Restored
l*'rom Petr.icr.'i'l *he most drastic or
?lern and appeal-, ale being '?sued ?<*?
minimize the catastrophe. The govern?
ment has unanimously restored th?
death penalty and appointed courts
martial, consisting of three officer?
and three soldier? each, to act on all
the front*-. It li said that General
Korniloff telegraphed from the Ga
lician front that such a measure was
absolutely necessary "as the only
means of saving my army."
Petrograd also reports that Korniloff
has blown to piece? practically a whole
division of his troops with their own
artillery. For the moment (?eneral^
Korniloff, rather than Krrenitky or*
Brusiloff, seems the only man who
promises to master th" aituation, and
nu Is the policy of "blood and iron,"
I which Is to be carried out ??gainst
traitor?.
A frantic, almost hysterical, appeal
to the committees of the armies and
the fleet has been issued by the ex?
ecutives of the Workmen's and Sol?
diers' Delegates and th-1 Peasant?'
Congress. II a Ann I that the panic pro?
duced by the "link of disciplina and
i open treachery" il "preparing the soil
! for the poisonous seeds of a counter
. revolution," and that already "the
?jackals and hyenas of th?1 old r*Ag;.ne
I are howling." It concludes with a de
I mand that the army and navy "show
I the country and the world that the ns
i tion which created the greatest revol.
| tion in the world can not and shall not
perish."
"An Appalling Blow'"
All England is talking to-day of noth?
ing else but the alnio?t incrediDie ai d
entirely distressing iteriea priated n
"The Meraiag Post ' from its Petrogrr.l
correspondent He describes the <li
feat as "an appalling blow" and tel.*,
how the Russian army that ran awny
was easily the finest equipped the na?
tion had yet put into the field. It was
amply supplied with guni, munitions
anil men, yet against inferior forces
hundreds of thousands of soldiers
proved coward? and abandoned vast
quantities of shells, heavy artillery and
nirplanes, even turning their weapons
on their own brothers in arms who
would stay their headlong flight.
Only here and there in the dark pict?
ure is there a gleam of light. Dis?
patches from the front reveal that the
British tank? not only held up the ad?
vancing Germans during the worst of
the rout, but escaped w.th but five
casualties among the crews that
manned them. Though deserted by the
infantry, they lingered and engaged the
enemy advance guard3, afterward re?
tiring and again cooperating with th?
devoted Russian cavalry before Tar?
nopol.
Heavy Rumanian Stroke
In Rumania the combined Russian
and Rumanian blow resulted in a sharp
defeat of the enemy, though it appear*
to have had only a local effect. Tha
Rumanians alone took o ver a thou
land prisoner? and thirty-three guns,
?"en machine gun? and ten mina
throwers. The Russian assaulting col?
umns captured another thousand pris
oneis and twenty-four more guns. At
another time and place this might hava
proved a decisive victory, but in vie*
o' the Russian exodus in Galicia, with
its million men swinging back ever
nearly two hundred miles of front, it
?inks into the category of minor ac?
tions. According to Petrograd, the
memy's retreat on this front con
ti:ne?.
The pressure in Galicia has obl'gcd
the Rus?ians to relinquish some of
their irioit important < arpathian por?
tions and south of Tartar Pass they
withdrew, under enemy attacks, from
the Baba and Ludowa heights to Kirli?
baba, on the eastward road. Further
south, in Rumania, unusually heavy
fire against Mackenscn'a front indicates
that the Russians and Rumanian? mat
try another stroke, but in th? far north
there seem? no hope of a Slavic counter
offensive. Around Smorgon, where
a breach was torn in the German lines.
the hostile batterie? by drum tire hase
partly closed the gap and have retaken
nearly all the positions lost by Hindaa*
burg'? force?.
Au ?tria Keheartened
One of the worst result? of th? cen.
eral Russian disintegration is the re?
heartening of Austria, who. It 1? ?aid
hare, was just about to mak? prepara,
tion? for pernee Th? "Neue Fr?'?,
Presse." c**?mm?ntlng on th? Runt?*