New-York tribune. [volume], July 29, 1917, Page 6, Image 40

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All the Outstanding Events of the
War, Briefly Sketched
THE following is a chronological table
covering all the most important
events in the Great War. It has
heen prepared mainly from material tahu
lated month hy month in the "Review of
Reviews":
June, 19U
Jl'NE 28 Archduke Franz Ferdinand fheir
to the throne of Austria-Hungary I atad his
?rife are shot and killed by a Bosnian at Sara
jcvo, Bosnia; the assassination is believed to
have been the result of a political con?
spiracy.
Jl'NE 29?Many anti-Serbian outbreaks oe
:ur in the vicinity of Sarajevo, Serbians be?
ing popularly held responsible for the as?
sassination of the Austrian Crown Prince.
July, 19M
Jl'LY 23 Austria demands of Serbia the
punishment of accomplices in the murder of
Archduke Franz Ferdinand, the suppression
5f anti-Austriar* societies in Bo?nia and the
official d ?avowal of Serbian connection with
anti-Austrian propaganda; an answer fs de?
manded by 6 P. If. on July 25.
Jl'LY 2."i Serbia agrees to all the lie
mands of Austria-Hungary except that which
?tipulated that Austro-Hungaria:* officials
?hould participate in the inquiries; the re?
ply is rejected as insufficient.
The Russian government icts it become
?nown that it will not permit Austria-Hun
tary to make war upon Serbia on a pretext.
JL'LY 2t> A semi-official statement ut Ber?
lin indicates that Germany has warned other
powers lot to interfere with Austro-Hun
rarian plans to discipline Serbia.
Jl'LY 28?Austria declares war upon
-rbia.
Jl'LY 29- The Czar of Russia issues an
imperial ukase ordering a partial mobiliza?
tion of reservists.
Austria begins hostilities against Serbia
by bombarding Belgrade.
JL'LY 31?Germany peremptorily de?
mands that Russia cease its menacing mobil?
ization.
An imperial decree proclaims a state of
war throughout the German Empire.
August, 1914
AUGUST 1?Germany declares war on
Russia, following the refusal of the Rus?
sian government to stop mobilizing its re- i
terree.
Germany asks to know immediately the in?
tentions of France in the event of war be- :
iween Germany and Russia.
The French Cabinet council orders a gen?
eral mobilization of the French army.
The Italian government notifies the Ger- ?
man Ambassador at Rome that it does not '
tegard its obligations, a: a member of the
Triple Alliance, as compelling it to assist ,
Austria-Hungary and Germany under the i
?ircumstance?. which brought on the present I
.onflict.
AUGUST 2 German troops enter the neu
:ral Duchy of Luxemburg and advanceil tor?
ard the French frontier.
Germany demands to know whether Bel?
gium would permit the free passage of troops
across Belgian territory; Belgium
permission, and declares that she will de?
fend her neutrali'.\.
\l GIST :t Official announcemcr.'
Berlin state that Germany is at war with
Russia because of a Russian attack on Ger?
man territory, and that France's unsatisfac
_orv reply to Germany'.? note, together with
Hie mobilization of the French army, make
the outbreak of war between Germany and
Frame imminent.
The French Premier states that French
roops had been withdrawn ten kilometres
from the German frontier, and that the fact
?f German aggression on French territory is
ncontestable.
Germany informs Belgium that she will
:arry out by force her plans to approach the
t rench frontier through Belgian territory;
Cierman troops enter Belgium at Yerviers.
King Albert of Belgium appeals to King
George of England for diplomatic interven?
tion to safeguard the neutrality of Bei
^ | um.
Bj \l?.l >r 1 i.reat Britain declares war on
V .iermany upon the summary rejection of
the demand that (Iermany re.-pect the neu
;rality of Belgium.
The German Ambast-ador at Brussels in?
forms the Belgian government that a state
?ar exists between Germany and Bel
(ium.
President Wilson signs a formal proclama?
tion of neutrality on the part of the United
States.
AUGUST 3 The German army begins an
attack on the fortifications of Li?ge, Bel
fium.
\l l?I > T 6 Austria-Hungary' formally
arar on Rni
AUGUST 7 Montenegro declare?; wa? on
Au-..
AUGUST - ;-r -? ? British troops are
land. | rench coast, for the relief of
tn? Bel| as Army at Li?ge.
The Portuguese government announces
.*. will acti.ely support Great Britain,
IkB accordance with an old treaty.
M GIST I] (?reat Britain severs diplo
? rela With Austna-Hungary, and
declares that a state of war exists.
The Frenen Wer OSes announces that
French and German troops are in tontac*
along almo't the entire front o' M*. miles,
from Holland to Switzerland.
AUGUST lb Japan demands tha* Ger?
many shall immediately withdraw he- war?
ships from Japanese and Chinese waters,
ind deliver to Japan, without condition or
.ompenaation, the German possessions of
liai-chai, w,'h a view to their eventual
:eatorat>?.*i ... ( hina; an answer is demanded
St lltaM than noon on August 2*5.
AUGUST 1U The Rus.? mn General Staff
announces that the general mobihzal.on ha?
LOM and that the advance has
oegun.
AUGUST 1? Louvain, lying between
Liege and Bruasels, is occupied by German
troops.
AL'GL'ST 2S Brussels, the capital of Bel?
gium, is occupied by ?ierman? without re
??stance.
AUGUST 22 The German line paaae?
Gbent and approaches Ostend; the main
body beg.ns a siege of the strongly forti
fied city of Namur.
At'M HT 21 Japan declares war on Ger
many.
AUGUST 24 The French War (tffir, ?d
mata that the general offenaive movement ?'f
tac Allies has (ailed, and that the French
I
the German port of Kiau-chau. t nina,
AUGUST .'?1 A Russian imperial decre
change.? the name of the capital from St
Petersburg to Petrograd.
September, 1914
SEPTEMBER 1 The German governmen
leports a victory over the Russian army ol
on at Allens?ein, Prussia, which re
suited in the rout of 120,000 Russians anc
i the capture of 70,000 prisoners; the Rus
, sian government admits a defeat.
After a battle lasting seven days, the
I Russian army in Austria, under General
Ruzsky, takes the strongly fortified posi?
tions around Lemberg, the most important
city in Galicia, and inflicts a decisive defeat
upon the Austrian Brmy.
SEPTEMBER I As the German army of
invasion arrivai within striking distance of
i'ai.s, the scat of the Preach government is
transferred to Bordeaux, near the western
? oast.
SEPTEMBER I Khcim?, a strongly forti?
fied city in the second French line of de?
fence, is occupied by German troops with
ou* resistance.
SEPTEMBER 7 The gradual but steady
retreat of the French and British forces be
fore the German attack, begun at Mons on
August. u:i, Il halted on a lino extending
from a point slightly north of Paris to Ver?
dun, and a strong offensive movement by the
Allies" centre and left is begun.
Russia formally annexes Galicia, the largest
province of Austria; it is estimated that
i*?2,000 Austrian soldiers have been captured
by the Russian army.
SEPTEMBER 10 The retreat of the Ger?
man right wing, under pressure fiom the
strong offensive movement of the Allies
..now believed to be in superior numbers),
becomes more pronounced and rapid.
SEPTEMBER 13 General Joffre, com?
mander in chief of the French forces, re?
ports that a five-day battle with the Ger?
man right and centre, in the vicinity of the
River Marne, has ended in an undeniable
victory.
SEPTEMBER 21 The end of the fourth
! week of the German invasion of France,
through Belgium, finds the German army
from thirty to fifty miles back from its
furthest point of advance, on September 7.
SEPTEMBER 22 Thru* British armored
cruisers the Aboukir. the ('ressy, and the
Hogue, aro sunk in the North Sea by the
German submarine l'-it; 1,450 lives are lost. |
SEPTEMBER 28 Japanese troops com- !
pl?*tely invest Tsing-tau, the fortified portion ?
and seat of government of Kiau-chau.
October, 1914
OCTOBER ."> The end of the second !
month of the war finds the German armies
on the defensive in France and Russia, and
on the offensive in Belgium; German forces,
occupy more than half of Belgium and a
large portion of northeastern France, but j
no hostile armies are on German soil.
m TOBER 9 Aatwerp is surrendered to'
the German attacking force. King Albert
and most of the Belgian army escape to
A Russian official statement of the occupa?
tion of Lyck marks the beginning of the !
second Russian attempt to invade East '
Prussia.
OCTOBER 1*?The seat of the Belgian
government is moved again, from Ostend to
? Havre, France.
OCTOBER M The trial (at Sarajevo, Bos?
nia! of Gavrio Prinzip and twenty-three ac?
complices in the assassination of the Aus?
trian Archduke Fraai Ferdinand and his
wife ends in a verdict of guilty.
November, 1914
NOVEMBER :. Great Britain and France
I make formal declaration of war on Turkey,
? because of hostile acts and the refusal of
Turkey to dismiss German navnl officers.
NOVEMBER 7 Tsing-tau is surrender d
to t?-. ? and British force?.
NOVEMBER 21 Thru great Russian ar
imies are engaged in battle* of utmost im
' portancc. In the north, the Russians con- '
tinue to gain ground in East Prussia; in the
south, the siege of the great Austrian strong?
hold of Craeow has bagan; and in the centre, j
the Russians claim to have checked the Ger
' man offensive movement in Poland.
NOVEMBER 24 Russia officially reports
1 that the German army invading Poland has
begun a retreat.
December, 1914
DECEMBER <"> One of the German armies
The Conquerors
This drawing by Fritcl, copyrighted by Braun ?$ Co., of Paris, and the original of which is
onned by John Wanamaler, was widely circul?t :d (hiring the earl g months of the rear. It illustrates
quite strikingly the attitude of perhaps a majorif// of Americans during the first phases, when the very
fact itself of rear obliterated', to a large extent, meditation upon sp?cifie rights and wrongs.
ing the American flap as a protection agai
German submarine attack.
FEBRUARY 10 The United States g
ernmrnt sends notes to Germany and Gr
Britain lelative to American shipping in
war 7*nne; Germany is advised that it wo
he a serious and unprecedented breach in
iules of naval warfare if a merchant ves
should be destroyed without first certai
determining its belligerent nationality or
contraband character of its cargo; Gr
Britain is warned of the serious con
quences that may result to American VOOt
and citizens if the practice of us.ng I
American Ulf on British vessels is contint
generally.
FEBRUARY 16 Germany offers to wi
draw her intention to war against Rriti
merchant vessels if Great Britain will p.
mit the free movement if foodstuffs to t
civil population of Germany.
PEBSUABY -V' The fleet of British a
French warships resumes its attempt to foi
the Dardanelles, and completely reduces t
four forts at the entrance.
March, 1915
MARCH t The Russian army occupi
Stanislan, in Galicia.
MUM H 6 Premier Venizelos. of Gree<
; his programme for entering the *M
on the side of the Allie- was opposed 1
King ?'onstantine.
MABCB 'J The British army, supporta
by French heavy arti'lery, makes an ir
portant advance against the Germans, ca
turing the village of Neuve Chapelle,
Northern Fiar.ir-.
MARCH 22 The great Austrian fortre
cf PrSSliysl, in Galicia, is surrendered
the Russian army under General Dmitrie
after a siege berrun in the early weeks
the war.
April, 1915
APRIL 17 British forces make importai
advances j-outheast. of Ypres, in Belgium.
APRIL 25 -The Allied forces renew the
attack upon the forts protecting Constant
riople.
APRIL 26 The French. English and Be
gian armies around Ypres check the (>
man offensive and recapture some of tr
ground lost.
May, 1915
MAY 1 - The American oil-carrying stean
er Gulflight, bound for a French port, is sun
off the Scilly Islands with a lo*s of thre
lives; the crew declared that the ship wa
torpedoed by a German submarine.
MAY 2 AlStriu and German troop
1 Inder General von Mackensen force back th
Russian line along the entire front is
em Galicia.
MAY i Italy denounces the Triple Alii
anee iwith Germany and Austrr
MAY 7 The I.usitania is torpedoed an
; sunk by a German submarine, without warn
, ing. off the southern coast of Ireland; 1,1;?
'persons lose their lives (including more thai
10U Americans i, and 7?i7 are rescued.
MAY 13 The capital of German South
West Africa, Windhoek, is occupied by L'nioi
, of South Africa forces under General Botha
MAY 1.1 The Ulited States protests t?
Germany against her submarine policy. Th?
' note states that the I'nited States expect?
(iermany to disavow the sinking of the I.u-;
; tania and take steps to pre"?nt the recur
: rence of such acts. It de. lares that th?
I'nited States will not omit any word or acl
, necessary to maintain the rights of 11
' zens.
Germany declares that more than 100.00C
Russians were maale prisoners during th?
recent battles and pursuit in Westen Galicia
MAY 23 Italy formally declares that s
state of war with Austria-Hungary will ex?
ist from May to.
June, 1915
Jl'NE .1 The continued Austro-German
offensive in Galicia results in the recapture
I of the Austrian stronghold of Przemysl, the
Rum?.an army retreating toward I.emberg.
Jl'NE 8 The Ameiican Secretary of State,
William J. Bryan, resigns his. office rather
1 than join in sending to Germany the -econd
note of protest, prepared by President Wil?
son, relating to submarine attacks without
warning on merchant ships of American own?
ership or carrying American passengers.
JUNI 9 The United States replies to Ger?
many's note of May 2S, maintaining that the
?inking of passenger ships by German sub?
marines, without warning, violates principles
of humanity and of law; it asks for assur?
ances that measures will he adopted to safe?
guard American lives and American ships.
Jl'NE 11 Italian troops, after several
days of fighting, occupy Monfalcope. thereby
severing one ol two isilway lines running to
Trieste.
j JL'NE II ? A German Zeppel.n airship
makes a second night raid on th?? nort
east coast of England, sixteen persons beii
killed by bombs.
Jl NE 22 The Austro-Gorman drive
Galicia forces the Russians out of Lei
borg.
July, 1915
JULY I The gnat Austro dorm?n offe
sive in Galicia, against the Russian?, appa
cntly cornea to an end, having blocked tl
threatened invasion of Hungary and forci
the Rusaiaaa almost entirely out of Au.-'r;
JULY fi Gi'rmany replies to the Aim rui?
n?te of June 10 rogarrling the submarine wi
against merchant ships; safety Is pledged
1 Stetes r?esele in tjie war .
JULY II Germany formally admit thi
the Nebraskan, a United States merchai
ship, was damaged without warning by a to
peilo from a German submarine.
JULY I? Im'ications point to the begii
ning of a new offensive against Russia h
Germany, with Warsaw as the probable ol
jective.
JULY 21 The United States sends a thir
note to Germany relative to the rights r
neutral passengers on merchant ships; th
German note of July I Is declared to li
"verv unsatisfactory."
August, i915
AUGUST ?> German troops occupy War
saw, the capital of Russian Poland.
AUGUST 18 Ex-Premier Venizelos ac
cepts the King'? invitation to form a cabine
In Greece.
AUGUST 2.') Brest!.itnvsk, the most im
portant fortress on RaSSia1 Second line o
defence, Is occupied by German tn
September, 1915
SEPTEMBER 1 The ?l.plomatic controver
? 'ween the 1'nite 1 States and German
approaches a satisfactory conclusion througl
I the declarations of the German Ambassado
:?? Washington that hereafter liners will no
j be sunk by lierman submarines wi'.hou
warning.
SEPTEMBER 9 ?The United States ask:
Austria-Hungary to recall its Ambassador
l?r. Dumba, because of his connection w?tl
a movement to cripple American munitior
? lies.
SEPTEMBER II The German army cap
U'ilna.
October, 1915
OCTOBER 2 Reports from the Russiar
zone indicate that the German offensive ha?
slackened all along the line and that the
?, resistance has stiffened.
OCTOBER I King i eastaatiae. of Greece,
informs Premier Venizelos that he cannot
support pro-Ally policy, and the Prouver
resigna,
OCTOBER 11 Bulgarian armies cross the
border into Serbia at several points east of
Ni.-h. an?l Bulgaria enters the war as an ally
of Germany, Aastria-Haagary ??i*.?1 Turkey.
OCTOBER 17 The French and British
troops lamled on Greek soil are reported to
have entered Bulgarian territory and at?
tacked the fortified town of Strumit^a.
OCTOBER 24 The Bulgarian army cap?
tures Uakab, in central Serbia.
November, 1915
NOVEMBER 19 It is estimated that four
fifths of Serbia Is occupied by the invading
Austro-Geiman and Bulgarian armies.
NOVEMBER 29 The Austrian War Office
reparte progress in an inva: ion of Montene?
gro from the north p.nd west.
December, 1915
DECEMBER 14 Bulgarian report? indi?
cate that the Serbian and Anglo-French ar?
mies have been driven entirely out of
Serbia,
January, 1916
JANUARY 1 A Russian offensive against
the Austro-Hunganan forces in Galicia and
Bakowiaa gains headway.
JANUARY 17 It is reported that Monte*
negro has ?urrendered unconditionally to the
Au-tro-Hunganan armies of invasion, thus
becoming the first of the belligerents to
withdraw from the war.
JAM'ARY 26 The compulsory service
measure passet its final reading in the Brit?
ish House of Lords.
February, 1916
FERRl ARY 10 Germany and Austria an?
nounce that after February 29 they will treat
armed merchant ships of enemy countries as ,
war eoooole,
March, 1916
MARCH H Germany declares war on Port?
ugal heraus?? of the seizure of German mer- ;
| chant ships In Portuguese harbors, as the!
climax of a long series of breaches of ne
trality.
MARCH II Grand Admiral von Tirpitz r
sign?, as German Minister of Marine; he
succeeded by Admiral von Capelle.
April, 1916
APRIL I The official French report of t
?inking of the torpedoed unarmed China
steamer Sussex is made public.
APRIL If) Germany replies to the Ame
?can government's inquiries regarding t)
sinking of the Sussex; the note denies th;
the Teasel whs sunk by a German submarin
APRIL 22 An attempt to land arms ar
ammunition in Ireland by a German sixilifil
cruiser and a submarine is thwarted by tl
British naval patrol.
APRIL 21 A revolution breaks out in Dul
lin, led by armed members of the Sinn F?i
society.
May, 1916
MAY 1 It is officially announced that a
the rebels in Dublin have surrendered an
that those in the country districts are fo!
lowing suit.
M \\ I Germany's reply to the America
rote of April IS regarding the conduct o
labmarine warfare states that the Germa
na\a! forces have been ordered not to sin
merchant vessel.; without warning and with
mu nTilf lives, Bliese a ship shall attemp
to c-cupe or offar resistance; the reply als
suggests that the United States will no\
? tiiar (?real Br.tain observe the rule
of international law.
MAY R The I'nited States replies to th
Orinan note of May ?, accepting the declara
tion of abandonment of the submarine wa
?gainst merchant ships, but declaring *ha
the new policy cannot be made contingen
upon the result of diplomatic negotiation
betwrMS the United States and England.
M \*i 21 Ti.e thud month of the battl
of Verdun opens.
MAI IS King George signs the Brit;si
compulsory military service bill, applicabl?
to all ablebodied men between the ages ol
?? 'ghteen and forty-one.
June, 1916
JINK 1 Rnssisn armies under Genera
Brnsiloff begin an offensive on a front ol
250 miles, extending from the Pripet River
to the Rumanian frontier.
JUNE 22 -The Greek government acceder
to the densndf of the Entente Powers, in?
cluding completa? demobilization of the army,
the formation of a UaWW Cabinet without po?
litical color, and the dissolution of the Cham?
ber, with the subsequent holding of new elec?
tions.
July, 1916
JULY I Trie Rissill offensive against the
Germans and Austrians grows in power and
scope.
1ULT 0 A great German commercial sub?
marine, the Deutschland, arrives at Baltimore.
JULY It The British renew their attick
on the second line of German trenches north
of the Somme, breaking through a four-mile
front.
August, 1916
AUGUST 9?Italian troops cross the Isonzo
River and occupy the Austrian city of Go
rizia. taking more than 10,000 prisoners in
three days.
AUGUST 27?Rumania enters the war on
the fids of ths All.es and begins hostilities
against Austria-Hungary.
September, 1916
BBPTBMBBB 26 Former Premier Venize
lof arrivai at Crete and accepts membership.
with Admiral Coundouriot.is, in a provisional
government whose object shall be the de?
fence of Greek Macedonia from Bulgarians
and the joining with the Allies against all
their enemies.
October, 1916
?KTOBER 10 The State Department at
Washington makes public its reply to identic
memoranda from France. Great Britain, Rus?
sia and Japan 'dated August it), which had
asked neutral governments to exclude bellig?
erent submarines from neutral waters; the
United States expresses i?I surprise and re?
jects the proposal.
November, 1916
NOVFMBKR 2 (?reek revolutionists, fol?
lowers of Venizelos, occupy Katenna after a
short fight with government troops.
NOVEMBER 3 A new Kingdom of Poland
is proclaimed by the Emperors of Germany
und Austria Hungary, confined to territory
c/Miquercd from Russia.
NOVEMBER 21 Francis Joseph, Emperor j
of Austria and King of Hungary, dies
Vienna, at the age of eighty-six and in
sixty-eighth year of his reign; he is s
ceeded by his grandnephew.
December, 1916
DECEMBER 1 Greek royalists loyal
King Constantine fire upon French marii
in Athens; British and Italian sailors
landed from the Allied fleet to assist I
French.
DECEMBER 6-German armies under Fi
Marsha! ?on Mackenstn occupy Bucharest
DECEMBER 20 The State Department
Washington makes public the text of not
practically identical, sent by President *A
son on December 11 to the belligerent i
tions of Europe; he suggests that an ea
occasion be sought to call out from the i
tions an avowal of their respective views
gardirg peace terms; he does not prop,
peace and does not offer mediation; the r.<
al?o declares that the people of the Unit
States stand ready and eager to coopera
when the war is over, in measures to seen
the futurp peace of the world.
DECEMBER 26 Germany replies to Pr
ident Wilson's note to the belligerents, h
proposes "an immediate meeting of de
gates of the belligerent states at a neuti
place"; the reply fails, however, to meet t
President's suggestion that war aims or pea
terms be stated.
DECEMBER 27 After a five-day battle
Eastern Wallachia, Rumania, the Russia
are forced to retreat further north.
DECEMBER 30 The reply of the ten E
tente Allies to the German peace note r
states the efforts of England, France ai
Russia to avert war, refers at length to t
Belgian invasion and continued sufferir
and refuses to "consider a proposal whi
is empty and insincere."
January, 1917
JANUARY 1 Germany and Austria ha
acknowledged the complete Independence
Turkey.
JANUARY 2 The Russisns are driven e
i tirely out of the Dobrudja district, and t
Germans make other advances in Ruman
proper.
JANUARY 10 The Entente governmen
replying to President Wilson's note of D
comber IS, refuse to make peace terms knov
? in detail until the hour of negotiation?, b
! state that they imply in general: the r<
! toration and evacuation of invaded territo
.?including Alsace-Lorraine ?. with reparatic
j and indemnities; the liberation of Italian
. Slavs, Rumanians and Bohemians from Au
i trian domination, the expulsion of Turk?
i from Europe and the enfranchisement <
Turkish populations; Belgium transmits
I supplemental reply.
JANUARY 22- President Wilson, addres
'. Ir.g the Senate of the United States, giv?
expression to his views regarding peac?
"First of all, it must be a peace without vi<
tory": "there should be a united and ind?
pendent and autonomous Poland," as a sing!
instance of government only by consent o
the governed; outlets to the sea should b
neutralized; "the paths of the seas mu!
alike in law and in fac? be free," and militar
as well as naval armaments must be limit?
JANUARY 27?British announcement of th
new "dangerous zone" in the North Sea
extending across the whole of the Germa
coast and part of Denmark and Holland?i
'nterpreted as meaning that the area has bet i
mined by ihe British as a means of blockin,
the exit of submarines and sea raiders.
JANUARY II Germany declares tha
"from February 1, 1917, sea traffic will b
stopped with every available weapon am
without further notice" without warning, ii
zones around Great Britain, Francp, Italy
and in the eastern Mediterranean; America?
passengor ships will be undisturbed if the;
sail onco a week, bear certain markings, tak
a prescribed course, land only at Falmouth
arrive on Sumlay and depart on Wednesday
and carry no contraband.
February, 1917
FEBRUARY 3 The I'nited States sever:
diplomatic relations with Germany, on thi
ground that the German government's an?
nouncement of January 31 withdraws 'he as?
surance given on May 4, 1916, that Germany
would confine war operations to the fighting
forces of the belligerents.
The German Ambassador at Washington
requests the Swiss Minister, Dr. Paul Ritter,
to take charge of German affairs in the
United States.
FEBRUARY 4 President Wilson expresses
to neutral nations his belief that it will make
for the peace of the world if they take ac?
tion against Germany similar to that taken
by the United States.
FEBRUARY 12 The British forces on the
Tigri?* front make an important advance
against the Turkish position west of Kut-el
Amara.
FEBRUARY 25 The Cunard liner Laconi?
is torpedoed and sunk without warning at
night, off the Irish coast; 12 persons, in?
cluding two American women, are drowned
or die from exposure.
FEBRUARY 26 President Wilson appears
before Congress and asks authority to arm
merchant ships; he declares that an "over*
act" by German submarine commanders has
not yet occurred I the Laconia incident had
not become known I,
March, 1917
MARCH 6 The United States receives a
reply to requests for information regarding
extent to which Austria-Hungary will follow
the German plan to sink merchant ship? with?
out warning; the reply is an argument in
justification of the Teutonic claim that neu?
tral.? should not use enemy ships and that a
general warning is sufficient.
MARCH 11 Rioting in Petrograd assumes
the proportions of a revolution; the disturb?
ances began over temporary shortage of food
and continued for three days, with sympa?
thetic strikes in munition factories, and :
finally with the mutiny of the troops in th?
capital.
Bagdad, the most important city of Meso?
potamia, and terminus of Germany's gr?a".
railway project, is captured by British
troops.
MARCH 12 Ihe Russian Duma meets in
defiance of the I zar's decree of dissolution,
and assumes direction of the revolutionary
movement; it informs the Czar that internal
reforms must be granted and the presen?
Cabinet dismissed; the new leaders in Rus?
sia are those who favor more energetic prose
cution of the war, while the old are charged
with pro-German leanings.
The United States gives formal notice to |
the world that it has decided to p?.
armed guard on all American mercha*.
sels sailing through the area3 barred b?
many.
MARCH 15 Czar Nicholas II abdicat
throne of Russia for himself and hi.
favor of his brother, Grand Duke V
Alexandrovitch.
MARCH 22 The United States ?
formal recognition to the new govern?
Russia, the first nation thus to set; th
ish, French and Italian Ambasssdori ?.
rograd later convey official recog...,?0.
their governments.
MARCH 30 The Russisn governmiB
fers to Poland an opportunity to eho?
future form of governmen*. preaurashi
new indepemlent Poland, formed of ?ii
three new separate parts" "bound to
sia by a free military union."
April, 1*)17
APRIL 2 Preside-! Wllsei asks th? A
ican Congress to declare that th* recent
of the Imperial German government ?>
fact war.
The American steamer Astes is mob ,
out warning.
APRIL 6 The Unite,! State? ?ter,
war. unon the signing by President W
of a joint resolution passed by ('ongren
daring that a state of war has been th
upon the United State? hy the Imperial
man Government.
APRIL 11?The Brazilian government
ers diplomatic relations with Germsny.
APRIL 23 The British resume their o?
sive at Arras and Lens.
May, 1917
MAY I The Russian Provisions! Got.
ment volunteers to the Entente Power?
mal assurance that there will be no Hk
ening on the part of Russia in the eta
struggle of the Allies."
MAY 11 The Russian Council of W0
men's and Soldiers' Delegates votes to ta
peace conference, to meet in a neutra! ce
try, after "an app**al to the people? of
world and a special appeal to Sotialnts
allied countries."
MAT 18 President Wilson signa s hill
ating an army of 500,000 men in the l'r.
States, under a selective conscription ayst
to be called out for training in Septeml
he also announces that a division of the |
ular army will be sent to France as loo?
practicable.
MAY 19 The reorganized Provisional ?"
err.ment in Rll a declaration
policy; it rejects "all thought of a sepa;
peace, but welcomes | general peace, w ;'.'*:
annexation or indemnity."
MAY 21 Premier U ! ?ieorge lays be'
Parliament his proposal that all fsctioni
the people of Ireland meet in convention i
decide upon i turm of gover-IB
MAY 24 The Palian otfcfl
Austrian lines enters a second |
i ing through on the C? ?o Plateau, nortbti
! of Trieste, and resulting in the
9,000 Austrians.
June, 1917
JUNE 9 A communication from Pre?iii
Wilson to the Provisional Governm?*.'
Russia warns againit the propaganda o
Germany facing defeat, and states a:
America's war aims, which include read.'
monts of power tending to secure the ful
peace of the world and the welfare of
peoples.
JUNE 12 King Constantino of Greece
dicates in response to the demands of E
latid, France and Russia; sil second i
Alexander, twenty-four year? a,Id, is se!?
to succeed him.
JUNE || The American ? isisi to F
sia Is welcomed at Petrograd hy the P
visional Government.
JUNE 17 The Russian DlSSS ??tea
favor of "an immediate of- ?? in cloie
operation with Russia's lili?
JUNE 23?The (?reek Cabinet ot ik
ander Zaimis resigns, and e? Premier <*
izelos la authorized by the young Kinj A?
ander to form a new Mills!
The movement against Leif, the Fre*
coal city occupied by the GsilllfSS. makes M
??antia! progress; Canadia'i 'roopi sdvan
from the southw? t, on a frei ' of s m!e M
a half.
JUNE 26 The first ro-" Stamm I
troops arrive.? at a French port, hating sa..
secretly on June 14; Germ?*. -ab-narire? *?
met twice and driven off by naval tmOOtt.
JUNE 29 (,r.cce ?. wort ;
tions with Germany a-d h't all-' -
Greek government cons .. rs Itself st *sr.
July, 1917
JULY ! The Russian sr7*.y led is ">***
by Minister of War Keren-ny ??
by General Scott, chief of sturT sf
States Army assumes a" off?
cia) for the first time since
JULY 7 A leading member of * -
'Catholic) party. MlthtlS El
ing before the Reichstag Ksis te?mwS\
voices a demand for the ?au-.nation t\
programme of "peace wit!?.at srrexatio'1*
which precipitates a crisif in GttaaSS/9*?
meetic affair?.
JULY 10 The advancing RufSisS ***'**
i under General KornilofTi eiptsr? ???****?"
important military po;nt in (?a!.cia.
JULY 14 Germany's pol.iical crisis hr??
abou' the resignation of Theobald von S*
mann-Ho?wet:, lmjerin.1 Chlieeller Ibtmt
years; Dr. Alfred Zimmermann Foreign 5*
retary, and General von S'.i.r.; Pr *J***
Michaelis. Prussian Food Controller **?>
L'nder Secretary of Finance, becomes CE*
cellor.
JULY 17 Four members ot 'he Ruis'?
Cabinet resign, being opposed to bSmtSt
concessions establishing autonomy ?<"
Ukraine; serious noting occurs il Pe7roff?
with lighting between armed members of
extreme radical faction and f
tr?iops.
JULY US Petrograd troops re*.olt.
Jl I.V 19 Th- Ml German Chai" " ?
Michaelis, in his ad.iros te the
declares his adhesion to the submarine cs?
paign.
JULY 22 The Russian armv ?a ?".a^1?
in retreat, as a result of mutiny if '"""
regiments.
Jl I.V 23- Kerensky is BMafc D ??'?*''t '
Russia. ?
The Allied governments agree ?*? j
Russian government t.? a meeting for f*"***
discussions of war aims.
JULY 21 Re\olt in the Russen st
spreads, and the Russians are e*m**t '
Stamslau. an important stronghold in NI
eastern Galicia.