New-York tribune. [volume], August 01, 1917, Image 1

About New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924

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W EATHER
f$ir *nd continucd warmer to-day
jbcI t^-morrow; gentle to
moderate winds. mostly
southwcst
1 utl Rr;?ort oo P?ge 10
Ntrntytrik
JIC/V T v
' U t
^'rs* fQ Last?fhe Truth: News ? Editorials ? Advertisements
ZtVbWXt
CIRCULATION
Over 100,000 Daily
Net Paid, Non-Returnable
Vol. LXXYII Xo. 25.826
(Copjrljht 1917?
Tlm Tritiuno Au'g]
WEDNESDAY, AUGUST 1, 1017
* ? *
OXE CEXT A?B
Tork C!U
Heat Kills 18
In the City;
1940vercome
Mercury Registers 98 on
Hottest July 31 on
Record
No Relief Promised;
Fear Felt for To-day
Poor Pa.^s Restless Night in
Parks; Five Dead in
Jersey
Eighteen prrsor.s died hcre yesterday
In the f.erce?t heat which the city has
endured in the lasl Mxteen years. The
Weather B?reao holds out no hope of
iny relief beforo to-night, and predicts
r.ere ca?ua'.t.r?< to-day because of the.
debilitation occasioned by three days of
torrid temperature.
Aft?| rttl " r.day night well
above ? -?? the heat took humid
:?>? for ar. al'.v ear;y yesterday morning
and rolled in upon the city mercilessly.
Py 5 o'clock in the efternoon the at
tack had reached its climax. The
Weather Bureau thermometer then
rcgistered :',;.
Hottest July 31 on Record
Bureau offieials then announced that
?he day nas :he third warmest in the
!orty-ieve:i years of the Weather Bu
reau's It WU ftlM the hot?
test Ju'.y II on record. Statistics show ,
that on no day during a summer has
the mercury dr.\e:: so bigh since July
I the mercury rose to 99.
Dazed by the sun, stifled by the mois
ture filled air, n.en, women and chil
dren were cvercome by the ecore. At
11 o'clock la?t r.ight the city'g total
wa; lt4 ', :
All through the night people contin
ued to drsp, for the mercury re
treated lulfenly and s'.owly, and
eeemeJ prepared to climb to higher
levels to-uiv. At 11 p. m. it stood at
92.
The heat that disorganized New York
>pread over praetically the entire
country east of the Rockies. In Cleve
land fourteen peraoni perished. In
Chieago twelve died, and in Pliiladel
ph:a, where the temperature mounted
'o lQf, eight were killed.
Hories died by the score in New
York, and the intense heat went further
in its scarch for v.ct.ms and killed '
even d'.^s and cats. Streets were oven
l:ke in temperature, and the subway
neemcd to itore up the accumulated
heat <:' and hold it all night ,
long.
In mar.y factories throughout the ;
city conditions bccame unendurable, and
by 2 p. m employes were ordered home.
A.? night came on, bnnging no relief,
people from the poorer ciuarter? of the
< and asphalt still
radiated heat, fled to the parks for
comfort. Eveiy "lun^" of the city
from Cer.rral Park to the smallest plot
of srass became a dormitory for the j
poor.
Bm ? ind '?' r.ard to
iktf, for at midi "mperature
was migh foi ? ::day. All night
long men, women and children lay upon
blankets spresd upon the hot earth.
Under . i 'a brazen moon they
seemed th* r.attle,
rout, all night long,
? heat-tortured infants
to he:r- ? unct.
For.f :n mar.y yeara the
dock? ? irtrt also turned over
<e made homeless by the heat.
Thou'. 'hese all night
. !e?s than their fel
? parks, for whatever breeze
.;? the river
-pa.
-<? city's wealth
the broad steps of St.
Patrick's Cathedral, men from the,
slum* ?
Frorr I y< ? -rr.ing, when the
?'.. until 5
?-iay afteraoon, the upward climb
of the mer ? lentina;. At
noon tt B*d rea : at I, M.
r rom ?''?. oi ridnight it fell
about a d^gree an hour.
J*r>- . a? heavilv in
proportion an <l;d New York. While
d h?re, three
d.ed i .ercome in
?? ar.d two doaths and thir-:
were recorded in
NewarJc.
'ws:
HAXlATTAJj
??-? 1t?, of 408 Ea*t
?:.e at Sixty
L>i*d in
ipital.
Btiwi
?t her ? ? i in |
? er Hospital.
HopV n?, J'.} n, address unkr.own,
?t I -?? f ' .", rT^t Street. ?
' In w?st
"??r^et tatoon. Died in Hndtdn Btr??t
HoipiMil.
PMtwak. Ntrkk, ffty, 921 Eighth
Arenue. | -n,..
hhu\\
^\ ,:% ?. &2t Pros
'? ' tUM Third
ATer-u,>- D HMfitaL
MNKMLtTli
Altomar. ... ,,, m
Kfj at h^r
117 Weat l?^th
to, acdren
I workinr on
l**ty ninth
MJ/*' ' ? ; and drowr.ed.
v^'n'" ??;?}.. forty-?ix. L'43
UiKi at 1?< Hambur?
A?tn
jMtttte, diemaa, Aftffovr. of i?4
?rmittb Btr. -t I,i*d at Th.rty-ninth
"y^? ??4 Third Avf M
btri. .'? ,d?- **fj "1 2 22 Fortieth
lT^ M?d tt h^r home.
Bifft. *?*? M" Anr*. thirtjr.fo?r, U?,
I"./? Av"''" dJtd at her home.
an '?I*J"tifi?d woman, ?bo'jt fifty, died
Qlf.KNM am< BM IMOKD
*?Jr". ' * I- -ioleornville,
Jr?^**rV"*l,r,*'r' "?n'?l. ?ddre?? un
?"''?:- p ??- ?? irhile warklng ?' Cal
'?((? Fo/nt. L?(?d in Flu.hir.g Ho.p.tal.
"??W. Naabatun. Ovtrcom* on /aek
MODERN VERSION OF ABRAHAM, ISAAC AND THE SACRIFICIAL RAM
s-on Avenue, Queens. Died in Flushing
Hospital.
Zorkosky, John. thirty-five, Rich
mond Turnpike and Wild Avenue,
Staten Island. Died on pier at Tom
pkin3ville.
That wa? yesterday's toll in the city.
To-day's, if the heat continues, will be
lsrger, accordlng to Weather Bureau
cfficials. Tnese pointed out that resist
ance crumbles quickly under an ex
tended attack of high temperatures.
And the bureau holds out no prom
ise that there will be any change for
the better witr.in twenfy-four hours.
"No brcak in the excessive heat is
expected," the forecaster announced
last night, "until Thursday or P'riday,
when showers are due to fall in the
uestern nart of the state, and may
cnmo eastward."
H.-at drove crowds into saloon? ye*
t?-rday, but lt also shepherded them in
far greater number^'to ?oda fountains.
By midday *he. blafe vouths in their
white jackets were brt,-a*hle*s and
towpelled.
T'nder tha assaults of those athirst
for Bodas. ice cream melted away far
more. rapidly than if expo?ed directly
to the sun. By noon several uptown
drug store9 of one big concern were
without cream and were making fran
tic efforts to get more from other
stores littU better off than they them
?e'.ves.
By evening the Liggett ?tore on Park(
Row had run completely out of soda, (
although still supplied with ice cream,
and was unable to get more.
Court Sita in Shirtsleeves
The high temrerature also affordfd
New Yorkcrs the opportunity for wit
nessing th?- majesty of the Fcderal law
in its ihirtalaavae. After Judge Harlan
B Howe, prefiding at the trial of
Joyeph Pascuzzi. who was indicted for
se'iling drugs, had mopped his face sev
eral hundrerl tim*s, he uttcred thi?
declaration of independer.ee
?W? are here to administer justice.
Wa ran do that as well with coats ofT
i< with coats* on."
Whereupon the jury, (!ork ttilliam
U?ry. Ai iaUnt Dutriel Attonn-y Kd
win M SUntOB, Charles Grifflth. coun
?el for the defendant, and the priaonar
himaelf ahed their jacket? But after
bringing comfort to his fellow men
Judge Howe continued to wear his
coat.
The heat also brought the advan
tajreH of humanitarianism home to
William H. Latrla, . ,rr pr?sident of the
Vationa! fonduit and ( able fompany,
of Haitingn-on-Hudson. J??J beforc
noon he was overcome in ?!?????.
When he was rev.ved he ordered the
?ntir? plant, whieh employs 4,000 per
ao'n*, closed for tho day.
Toney Island, haven to the
tortured, held yeaU-rday the Kreatc>,t
weekdav CTOWd OTal ^,n in the hia
tory of that re-ort. At ]r?t 300,000
person* visited the placc dunng tha
r!ay and evening. Lata laat night they
w/re Mill arnving. .The Brook'yn
Tranait fompany was utterly
unable to handlc the crowds flecr.g
I behch from the hot wave
Moit of tho?e who went to ( ontT
~.\,.,\ to go in bathing. Many Of
th#m failed for lack of accommo.'a
T?a 0th fo?-t Artillery fommand,
which Koe? IntO active ferv-im to day.
' ' - '^l?r.d in a hody for a
farewell dinnt-r at the Shelburne In
marcfa frorn the Iron St?a;nboat
.;, : <irf Avenue neven men col
!?p?efI from the heat. Later, when the
paraOO wa? dmminaed at Ocean Park
v.ay, thr'-a more dropped. A!l were re
vived and were tbla to attend the din
ner.
? ?
German Amcricanum
(frotn Th? fHnnii /.-ilvng. Jutu 21 ?
f/reat Uritairi ha? accornpllahed pr?r
tr?||y ?l| of her war nmn I T) and Kum
? ia han lor.g boon r?ady for peuce The
or.ly obatacla to an t-arly opaning of
BagOttatloni bftween the belll|{erentB
ka apparently tha UatJit bloo, eon
of Irasco, Haly ?M BumanJa The bal
held hy th? UBlU?l lUUa. . . .
We have the keeping of FrSACa IR the
holloar of otii lia?4, ?nd 11 wtrnU toka
h.jt n |lifb1 v.',;i M?-nt of the wrilt to
nea our frlanda of 'he Latifl blo*
that we rannot ?ee the world ever ?afa
for d^mocracy M lonf aa gre?d and the
luat of eonquait pravall in it
Marrying Slackers Leam
They Face Prosccution
Crowder Declares That Both Man and Wife Are Subject to
Prosecution for Misdemeanor if They Married to Evade
Draft?More Than 500 Licenses Issued for Day
Trouble descended upon the hosts
of slacker bridegrooms at the Marriage
License Bureau, in the Municipal
Building, yesterday, and many a man
who was ru.-hing into matrimony to
avoid conscription found himself sad
died with bo*h a war and a wife.
The number of marriages performed
in the Municipal Marriage Chapel broke
all previous records?one hundred and
sixty-four- and the rush to secure
marriago licenses continued, a'.though
the total was not so great as that of
Monday Two hundred and ninety-two li
1 censes were issued.
In Brooklyn, The Bronx and Staten
Island there was the same frenzied
rush for the Marriage License Bureau.
Brooklyn officiais gave out 115 li?
censes; Bronx officip.ls gave out sixty.
In Staten Island eixty-two licenses
were issued, but 169 marriages were
performed in the Borough Hall at St.
Gcorge. Many of the slackers there had
gained their permits to wcd the day
bafora, but had not been able to have
the ceremonies performed. The head
long rush did not stnke Queen.-; yes?
terday.
slacker bubble burst, howevcr.
early in the afternoon, when word was
received that a ruling had come from
Washington to the effect that marriage
in itself was no reason for exemption,
and that the wife, in a "slacker mar?
riage" might face prosecution as well
as hfr huiband.
In this connection, General Crowder
said: . _, , ?
"PectionBof the act of May II pro
vides that 'any person who evades or
aids another to evade the requirementa
of this act,' is guiltv of a misdemeanor,
and local boards are authonzcd to
warn persons who claim discharge oii
the ground of marriages contracted
I mnce tha date of the act that botn
parties are liable to prosecution under
the proviaion if. in fact. the marriage
1 was contracted solely with the intent
td rvadf the periormance of mihtary
; duty." . _ ..
"Ganaral frowder." said DeputyAt
tornev (ieneral Roscoe Conkling. "has
I 0i .,'? hiiv tima ruled that marriage
. |f will diveharge a man from the
! operation of the draft."
"In fact, it is not a questlon of mar
' riage in any event. The real and only
' reason is that of sole dependency in
i . rv case. The unchangeable rule,
' whir'h mav be found in Socton 20 of
the rogaUttona praaeribod by the Pres
ident, ia that in order for a marrie*.
man to be discharged from the draft
ba it.i,? Mtiafy his local exemption
board by poaitivc proof that he has h
?rlfl or rhild solely dependent upon
his labor for support, and thu mean;
' that the wife or child is solely depend
! cnt for her or its support on the
1 mental or physical labor of the man.
Property Income No Cauae
"Tha aupport or income if derived
from property or other eources inde
, pendent of the man's mental or physi
cal labor will not be sufficient to dis?
charge him. ,
"Kvery local board has power to de
rid'- whether every ca?c la a case ot
? bona fide dependency or whether the
.claim is meroly a ??btatfsga to avoid
military aanrloa, It is tmquestionable
! that every board has powrr to investi
' gate any ca?e wh<re it appears that a
\ hasty marriage has tak.n plare in or
I der that a ahowmg of sole dependency
mltfht be made."
\ The offlciaja of the Marnag* License
Bureau, wbj/ bava been convlncad ?ince
the present rush began th<\t most of
the marriages were not for love sn
much as for exemption. were fortified
in their belief yesterday by the dis
rovery that a large majority of the
women who appeared were ge]f-sup
porting.
According to one ir.vestigator who
put questions to fifty women in the
line of applicants, thirty-five would-be
brides were engaged in wage-earning
pursuits and were, therefore, not de
pendent on the man for supnort.
Trouble for the slackers came in al
rr.ost melodramatic form at noon ye3
tfrday when I'nited States Marshal
Thomas P. MeCarthjr and fifttm of his
aids raided the bureau and stopped the
wf cldings of all men who could not pro
duce registration cards.
Philip Silverman and Ro?ie BcJrwsrtl
were standing bofore I>epury City Clerk
Michael J. Cruise with their hands
clasped, the vow.s almost taken, when
Marshal MeCarthjr burst into the rooni.
"Hold on, Mr. CraiM, "he cried, "let's
see if this young fellow is registered.'V
Rosie burst into tears and Philip pro
tcsted that his registration card was at
home "in his other p.'int.?."
"You wouldn't want me to to get
married in my every day pants, wouid
you?" he demanded, trying to soothe
ihe hysterical Rosie and placate Mar
rhal MeCarthjr at the same time. He
failed in both and departcd to find his
miising rej'istration card.
The marshal's fifteen aids were then
stationed alotiR the long line of wait- :
ing hridegrooms with orders to a?k
each one for his card. Thoso who had
none were sent home for them. Thirty
nine out of fifty men admitud they had
bfen summoned for the draft.
Delay Humlllatc* Men
The delay proved humiliating to tha
voung men nnd financially embarrass
:ng to the young women. One whose
marriage had to be pos'poned heritu^e
of Marshal ICeCartfcjra demand for the
registration card voiced her protest
aloud.
"I'll lose my whole afternoon's pay
if l'm not back by 1 o'clock," she
wailed.
Another took it more philosophically.
"Well, if you go home to get your
card, Isidore," she said, "I can ftt back
to the office in time to aaake out the
payroll now, and we can be married to
morrow."
Sergcant Thomas L. Cnrrity, of the
M.irines, and ? orporal I'h:lip C. Fern
hardt, of the .irrny, toofc up their stand
in the line-. of loverl yesterday morn
ing in the hopes of saving a few from
mr.trimony for the MHrTca of I'ncle
Sam. They failed
"f ome on nway; l'm disgusted," said
Fergeant (iarrity finally, "the serviee
is better ofl" withoiu this kind of men."
Philip J MeCook of th? Mayor's De
fenri' Committee, has written a letter
to Provo?t Marshal Oeneral Crowder
ralling his attention to the situation
here. It was last Friday that the re
port was circulated that (Jeneral Crow?
der had rulod that mumages up to the
.leventh hour before a man was called
in the drnft would be munteil a vahd
rrason for exemption. <>n Friday the
nurabar of Biarrlajaa rrrf?rrm,d in the
MunicipaJ < hspcl jumpcd to thirty
thiee. The us'ial#titimb<-r is fift-cn or
sirtecn. On Sataxday 'here were IN
marriages, <>n Monday I IS und ycater
.iny l?4 _
(Progreas in Lnral Draft Sr-\
lections on Page !*.)
Frelinghuysen
Defends Teuton
Reinsurance
Ridicules Suggestion That
It Would Open Door to
German Spies
Says It Keeps Funds
From Hands of Foes
Declares House Bill Would
Subject American Com?
panies to Heavy Loss
Washington, July 31.?Defending his
amendment to the trading with the
er.emy act, whieh would permit the
continued operation of certain German
insurance companies in the United
States, Senator Frelinghuysen i-ssued
the folowing statement:
"My attention has been called to an
article on the first page of The New
York Tribur.e, the hcadline of which
states that the amendment in the Sen
ate bill opens the door to spies, and in
timating that certain suggestions made
by me before the sub-committee of the
Commerce fommittee of fie United
States Senate, relating to that portion
of the 'trading with the anemy act'
concerning German fire insurance com
ponioa and reinsurance companies, en
danger and imperi! the interasts of
this country.
"This article is muleading and incor
rect. The amendment I suggested and
gubmitted to Mr. Warren, an assistant
Attorney General of the Department of
.Tustice, related only to fire insurance
companies and to the transaction of
business in this cour.try by German
companies having American branches
and American trustees directing their
business here; allowing a continuance
of the business of these corporations
and the fultilment of their contracts
under the supervision of the Secretary
of Commerce through a license granted
bv him, he being further authorized to
make rules :ind regulations to govern
their business.
Would Keep Funds Here
"1'nder this authority to bring these
companies within his jurisdiction he
would have control of their operations
and would prevenl any funds being
trmnafeTred to Germany or any infor
mation being transmitted to that coun?
try. ,
"This amendment related to compa?
nies which reinsure American insur?
ance companies as well as direct writ
ing companies having term contracts of
in?urance for one, three and five years.
-To invalidate these contracts, as
the bill would have as amended in the
House of Representatives, would
throw about two billions of dollars of
?v back as a burdan upon the
American eompaniM. It would have
Imponnded the assets of the German
eompaniea whieh secured these con
. and would have been a gross
ee to a great number of Ameid
can companies, arTecting their policiei
as well as their contracts, which pro
tect mortga^es and other loans, ^.nd
subjecting the stockholders if ft?J
corporations to great loss, thercby
| ? great injustice.
Of No Asalstance to Spies
"I'nder the supervision of the Secre?
tary ?f fommerce, which is provided i
for In tta amendment, the suggestion
? would open the door to spies is
ilona. _
"I have no ir.terest ln any German
eompanv. nor any interest in defending
then, bttt I have such a deep sense of
,1 faith and obligation of the
states that have taken the deposits and
rea and taxes from these German
companiaa and their branches in this
country and aliowed them to operate,
that I am oppoaed to any hasty or lll
eonaidarad lcgislatlon being enacted
that will, by injuring them, injure
American Intarttta or the interests o.
a.iy innocent investor, no mattor from
what cour.try he may hail."
German Insurance
Companies Heavily
Loaded With Risks
Insurance men of this city discussed
with much interes* yesferday the rea
sons advanccd by the advoeates of the
pending amendment in the Senate to
the trading with the enemy act, backed
by Senator Frelinghuysen, of New Jer
sey. to justify their continuing in busi?
ness in the T'nitrd States.
The sponsors for the enemv insur?
ance companies plead that the risk
of conrlagration in this country is
such that it is highly desirable to have ,
extensive and valuable properties in-,
?nred in a largp number of companies,
in or.'er to rpducp the liability of each .
hihI make more certain tha payment of |
lonooa ,
In thfl connection, the question is
r.iised whether or not German com?
panies are 1:1 a position to protect any.
lonsiderable amount of property. owm<
ro the fact that in the event of heavy
]o.?-es they would be unable to secure
funds from the hnm? ofneea.
"An analysis of the reports or the
United Statai bmnehea of the Germrn
companies to the Na% York Insurance
Department," ?r the Insurance In-.
dex "diaeloae. Uw fael that tithtr they
are ?katlng on rtrj thin ice or that
their nohcyholders are doing so; of
eaursei it depandl on the poir.t of vlew
of the'observer.
"V'jch company shows a ntt surplus
nt the close of each year, but the
amounts are small.
"Tho whole tlurteen could serape to
ircthcr less than $7,400,000, although
their insurance at the eJ?M of the year
.xceeded $3,000,000,000
"The significance of the surplus is
lllustrated by the fact that it barely
.BOOnted to 41% cents 'or every thou
.,,.,! dollan at riak, as aga.nst MJQ
. . ircnca of theforty-two New
Yorr. Stati- companies."_
-"? ^
14,000 Bank Clerks at Front
Iterlui. I?l] " ' I.""do:i. July 31 ).
vt the aanual eonwntion ?! tho Gor
m.;n baak clerk.. held at M.gdeburg
prussia. it was announced to-da> that
1 1.1 of its members wye in seivice at
tbe fronL
uryc
Allies Sweep Back Germans
On 25 Mile Line in Flanders;
11 Towns, 3,500 Men Taken
Teutons Are Hit on Most
Vulnerable Point, U. S.
Observers Declare
Main Bases of
U-Boats the Goal
Right Flank Attack Might
Force Retreat of Whole
Line in France
Washington, July 31.?The British
French assault on the German right
flank has made a profound impression
here, because in the judgment of many
American army offtcers it is directed
at the most vulnerable point on the
entire German front.
Complete success for the Allies,
sweeping the German line back from
the sea along the ?ntiro Belgian coast,
would be an immediate answer to the
U-boat warfare. The main North Sea
bases for U-boat operalions would be
stamped out. Behind that achievement
then would star.d the possibility that
the entire German line in France could
be endangered by a flank attack.
Reporu from London on the front
were still too meagre to-night to dis
close the full acope of the new opera
tions. Some observers here were in
clir.ed to believe, however, that unless
the drive is aupplemented by naval co
operation, with a landing behind the
present German front, complete suc?
cess is not to be expected.
Right Flank Weak Point
The discussion here brought out
strongly the fact that many American
officers who have studied the situation
believe the German right flank orfers
the on!y reai opportunity to bring the
struggle to a docisive issue in a single
campaign.
Short of that. thev can foresee on y
a continumg repet.ition of the deadly
business of frontal attack. which in
time would w?ar down the German re
sistance. wcce the Alhed powers have
the greater resourees in men and sup
oliea. How long the wearing down
procesa would require no offlcial ia
wUhng to suggest. however, and lt I
pointed out that if L-boat act*rit|rJ
not sharply checked time will work
strongiy against the Allies.
Believe Germana Prepared
Rccent German operations have pro
duced the impression among some on
servers that tne assauit upon the r.gh
flank has been expected by the German
general staff. The ??*>?*???"??
some time ago upon a anall aector of
the Rrit.sh front, which swept the Al
iea back beyond the Yaer Canal. ???
terially strengthened that sector for
the Germans. _.
In renewed German assaults upon the
Verdun front ob.-ervers have readalso
an attempt to prevent an alhed concen
tration upon the nrjht flank.
In diplomatic quarters however, he
VerdunPa'tacks are COUpUd ?Uo **?
'he German advance in Gahcia to fur
r.i.h thre stage setting for the fWJJ. |
of peace suggesuons through the Ger
man ar.d Austrian chancellors.
The possibiluies of.the B0W ?*???*?
produced the ?Oggtitlon *Wj?" ?
the Allied front could be oxt^d .0
the Dutch frontier -tl.e .Vjtnerlandi j
government might joln the AU.cs.
Germany Watching Holland
Recent reports from neutral sources
have indicated that the Germans feared
Jomesuch action by their Uttle neigh
bor In that connection It is noted that
numerous amall German steamers lylBflt
fnDutch waters since the otttbrarf.A
war have been eaptured or dr.uroyed
reccntlv whiU attempting to retum to
Germany and that several divisions of
German troops havo been reportcl
massed along the Dutch frontier.
Some officers strongly believe that a
groat part of the German success here
tofore has been due to the fact that
the Allies have been forced to accept
th" type of warfare which the German
hifh command elccted. When the Ger?
mans earlv in the war feU back to the
Aisne and dug thcmselves in the AUiea
followed Bttit, and the opportunity for
Said operations was quickly lost.
Enemy Maps Out the G&me
The game was mapped out as the
German Staff wiahed fc-^Wk,
There are officers who believ* that
with the Alhe,' greater forcea and
more powerfu! artillery they now could
be certain of fair'.y quick success if
trench fighting could be abar.dor.ed for
the shift and strategy of neld opera?
tions The enemy, these officers say,
a'?o Vnows this, and has no intention,
it:'he can help it, of permitting any
change in the battle scheme he has
forced upon his enemies.
If severe pressure li exerted on tne
rght flank, therefore, the German com
manders are expected here to seek re?
lief bv an asiault or a series of as
saults elsewhere along the line. The
only answer to such tr.ctics would be
to ignore enemy suree-ses of thlfl r.a
ture and keep pressing home with
every avai'.ab'.e man or ship the drive
tt ti.e right flank. _
Russians Slay Own
Sailors Who Led Charge
Petrograd, July 31.?Premier Keren
eky has returned from the front.
A "battadion of death," consisting of
300 Reral aailors, forced four lines of
enemy trenchea on the Eastern front,
instead of t.vo. as had been ordered.
They then asked for reinforcementa in
order to consolidate the captured posi
tions. Inatead of reinforcing them.
however, the soldiers fired on the sail?
ors. who, between tw0 fires. began to
retire. Only lifteen of the men t -caped
unwounded.
The commander of the forre died as
tha n'sult of thirteen woundi and a
sub-lieutenant and two midshipmen
shot themaelvea rather thar retreat.
The Maximalist leaders at Helsing
fors. FinUnd, have been arref ted. Their
official newapaper haa been contlacated.
THE ALLIED GAIN
The shadod area represents the
advance rr.ade by the British and
French at the opening of their offen
?ive in Flanders whkh swept ten
German defensive systems on a front
of twenty-five miles.
Germany Welcomes
Overtures on Peace
Would Be Glad to Act on
Offers Made by Way of
Vienna, Paper Report*
Copenhagen, July 31.?The semi-of
ricial Vienna "Fremdenbbtt" saya it is
able to announce authoritatively that
Germany gladly will act upon peaca
overtures coming by way of Vienna.
The fologne "Gazette," a copy of
which has been received here, repro
duces the "Fremdenblatt's" statement
Germany Will Finance
Turks and Bulgars
[ Zurich. Switzerland, Monday, July
131.?Germany has notified Turkev and
Bulgaria that she will assume all ox
j penses incurred by these countries in
the campaign of 1017-'18.
-
Two Submarines
Flee at Attack of
U. S. Destroyers
[Bt The Aworuud rr??)
American Naval Base in British
Waters, July 31. -American destroyers
to-day reported having engaged two
:ubmarines simultaneously six miles
i stant, causir.g both of them to speed
away and submerge without firing a
sl.ot-typical of the bihavior of sub?
marines when they see destroyers.
One of the submarines had just sunk
a steamer by gunfire, the second was
uttacking a merchantman when the de?
stroyers opened fire. The second sub
marine, which is described as a super
type, almost as long as ? destroyer,
raced ofT and submerged at the flrst,
shots, but the other, which hed -sunk
the steamer, displayed unusurl bold- >
ness, remaining up several minutes,
v.hile ?he destroyers dropped shells i
around her. Only when a shell
snia.-hed within twenty-rive yards of
the.submarir.e did she submerge, ae
corr!ing to the crew of the steamer, who
watcheo the attack from a smali boat
close by and wno lator were rescued by
the destroyers and brought here.
A French tanker, bound for America.
l-.mped into port to-day with a 30-foot
hole in her bow as a result of a fight
with a submanne. The tanker was
twice attacked. In the first attack,
carly in the voyage, she easily beat o:T
the submarine and reached a point
four hundred miles toward America.
^he was then attacked by another sue- .
inarine, the shells of which, despite the
stout resistance of the tanker's gun
r.ers, shattered the pilot house, smash
ing the compass, and tore a gaping
hole below the waterline.
The tar.ker began to settl?- and the '
crew abandoned the ship, the aubma
rne di?appear:ng. The crew rowed
-way In a rough sea, but later, sur
prised that the tanker did not sink, re
turned to her and managed without
hearings, to bring her to port.
-.
46 Bridges Thrown
Over Yser Under Fire
London, July ol.?A Reuter dispatch
from British headquarters in France,
after describing the victorious advance
of the British, says that the Yser was
crossed at many plrees. The bridging
work was prodigious. One division
alone in the course of a si'i^le day
succeedcd under tire in throwing seven
tecn bridges on Ita fror.t.
'The accomplishment of the French
troops," continues the correspondent,
"evokcd the greatest admirmtion. They
threw tw?-nty-nine bridges across the
Vser, pt'.shed cn and repeaUily made
dc p advances."
Trce-chea Seized to Depth
at Some Points of 2Va
Miles
Roar of Big Guns
Heard in London
Teutons Bewildered by In
tensity of Attack, but
Fight Desperately
By ARTIU'R I, DRAPFT
London, July 31.?After weeka of ex
pectancy, Haig loosed his great 1917
offensive just before dawn this morn
ing. Along a front of twenty-rtve milea
in Flanders, from just north of Ar
mentieres to Dixmude, on the tfser,
the British infantry, rowerfully aup
ported by French troop-, swarmed
over the enemy's first lines of <!e
fence to a depth of from 1,000 yarda
to two miles and a half.
Ten German defensive systems fell
before the onrush. Eleven villagea and
towns were wrested from the enemy.
and more than 3,500 prisonera have
been counted so far. All the objec
tives of the first dav'a aasault wern
attained, Gt-neral Haig rcportg. and at
several points both the British and
the French infantry crashe.' forward
after reaching the l.nes under attack.
The losses of both the French and
British are diclared to have been
slight.
Offensivo Only Begun
In spite of the fact that for, three
weeks the opnosing batteries in Flar
ders had been carrying on what was
acknowledged by both sides to be th*
mightiest artillery duel of the entire
war, the Allied stroke came as a dra
matic surprise to all military observ
er.?. Its ultimato importance ca-inot
yet be estimated, aa it is stil! in ita
flrst stagcv But, coming at a moment
when Katsia and her armies at the
front are confronted witii collapse, it
is bound to have a moral effect fecond
to that of no other miiitary movemant
this yoar.
Whether Haig's new attack aima at
the ultimate tuming of the enemy's
right flank and the destruction of the
submarine bases on the Heigian coast
by means of a joint land and sea offen?
sive is not clear as yet, but that i* the
hope it has ir.splred in Er.gland. Either
dirtetly on the Uelgian coast front ot
Just north of Lens were th" favorabU
Fpofs sclected for the attack by all
amateur strategists who have been fol
lowing events in the West during the
la.-t K'w weeks. I.istead, the British
and French plunged a?,rross a countrv
every BMM in wh:ch had been made
famous in earli*r battles of the war.
Not Attarklng One Point
The peculiarity of the offenaive lies
in the fact that there is no great cer.
tral town or immediate difltoH tt
tive facmg the attackers. There is r.'?
Vimy Ridfa or Messines Ridge block
ing the path of the assaulting troops
on this front from Dixmude south ta
A'arr.eton. But any push from the
River L} s mu-:t meaace the great Ger?
man ra;lroad centre of Menin, the fail
ure to capture which in October. l&lt.
has placed a heavy handicap on th?
Allied forccs ever since.
But whatever the u'.t.mate objective
of the new drive, it ls evident that the
fate of Lilie. Roubaix and Turcoing, tho
three greatest industnal towns of
Northern France, depends upor."he Ger?
man success in hold:ng their lines
against the onslaught begun to-day.
It ia an important fart that the ad
var.cing troops on this occasion are cori ?
frontea with almost no great phy3ic?l
obstacles. The eonntry before them
lies ahr.ost flat. and for the most part
is scantily wooded. What woods there
were have been wiped out entirely by
the ternfic gunfire of the last three
weeks, the famous Ploegstraete Wood
furr.tihing an example of thia.
Rain Favored Oefendera
Only between Zonnebeke and Chel
uelt does the lay of the lar.d favor the
defaadera, a'.though the rain of th.
ftw days may be counted upon as a
factor assistir.g the Germans, ha\ rg
converted most of the countryside into
a desert of thick, heavy, chng'.ng mud
?the Flanders mud. made famous in
stor.es of the ear'.y war.
Many dramatic events featured th<?
initial assault of the grand offensive.
At one point on the line of attack ihe
British tioops charged through thair
own barrage fire, to prevent the fleeing
Gremar.j from escaping. In other see
tors the tas* of the infantry wag mads
oaay by fhe dtadly work of the gisnt,
lumberirg tanks, which ra.ted the ene?
my's trenche? ar.d aHafOVta w:th an en
filading f:rc wh;le straddled, in many
cases, across the big ditches.
Never in history, all reports from the
' front agree, has a battle been preceded
' by such destruetive and sustained gun?
fire. The roar of the cannon during
' last night and this morning was dis
tinctly heard in London a- 1 through
out Southern England. i'nder thia
dcluge of steel aix Bavarian ditision*
were forced to retire and give way to
fresh troops. The flrst and second Ger
! man lines were laid in ruina, and evan
' beyond the ground was tom up aa by
an earthquake.
When tne Tommies ar.d poilus went
, over the top with the first faint aign
1 of day they found th ? enemv dare.i
and bawildered by the artillery attai'?<.
] Along the entire line the first tho i
; aand yarda of trenches fell into thi If
hands alr.ost without a struggle, t< >\
'? it was not untll they approached t*M
leeeond and third lines that they met
with desperate reslstanre.
' Between Dixmude and loeaingba tha
Britiah wara forced <o advanca awf