New-York tribune. [volume], August 11, 1918, Image 43

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'S POINT OF VIEW?HOUSEKEEPING
ION?IN THE WORLD OF WOMEN
Ntm
Cr?butte Snjst?tutc
THE NEW CITIZENS POINT OF VIEW?HOUSEKEEPING
AS A PROFESSION?IN THE WORLD OF WOMEN
FOUR PAGES
SUNDAY, AUGUST 11, 1918
PART VI FOUR PAGES
THE NEW CITIZEN'S POINT OF VIEW _'_
PLAY SCHOOLS HELP WAR CHILDREN TO "CARRY ON"
This is no place for lunch or recreation
By MARIE DE MONTALVO
Editor, The New Citizen's Page
THEY say the war has not touched Amer?
ica. Wei!, we have had so far no
bor.ibs dropping on our houses; no Hun
bas hammered on our door.
' Yet who can say that war has not touched
America? Last winter a survey of the Chel?
sea district of this city showed that 61 per
cent of the school children of the neighborhood
had to play in the streets after school all
through the zero weather because their mothers
were at work and they could not go home. In
many cases the little ones were locked out of
their homes from 7 a. m. to 7 p. m. bee tuse
? here was less danger in the cold outdo ?rs
than there was in the matches and gas stoves
an-.' other dangerous toys indoors.
Besides, what use is a home when no one
is there to build a fire to keep little ones
vurm and cook food for them?
To be sure, only 2 per cent of these fam?
ilies had lost a man through the draft?and
so people kept on saying that the war had
not touched America. But the war had sent,
up the cost of necessities to such a point that
many mothers who had never worked outs'de
their homes before were being compelled to
do it then. And soon the effects of the draft
will be seen in most of our homes.
It is bad enough for the little ones when
the schools are open: that means that they
are warm and protected and usefully occu?
pied for six hours of the day. But schools
i>re closed now, and what will become of the
children? The menace of zero weather is
gone for awhile; but there is a menace too
in weather that goes too far above zero?and
t?tere are other dangers without number to
ch ldren whose only home is the streets.
It was to remedy this condition that the
Federation for Child Study, on the theory
that the supervised play school formed a bet?
ter solution of the problem than the unsupcr
vised play street, established an experimental
play school at the Hudson Guild in the sum?
mer of 1917, from July 5 to September 1.
No Truancy Here?Instead, a Waiting
List
The applicants for admission to this school
SMjat ti)t lato SUotos
Paul Chapman, aged sixteen, has been confined in the Sing Sing death bouse since February
der sentence of electrocution for a murder he did not plan nor actually commit, and of
lich he was convicted on a mere technicality of the law. The Tribune believes that no minor
ould suffer the death penalty, especially one who is guiltless at heart. If you agree, sign this
tition. We want to show Governor Whitman what women think on the subject.
M. de M.
Petition for the Life of Paul Chapman
To HOY. CHARLES S. WHITMAN,
Governor of the State of Sew York.
I, the undersigned, being of full age and a citizen of the State of New York,
residing at the place appearing opposite my name, do hereby petition your Excel'
leacy with reference to PALL CHAPMAN, convicted of murder in the first degree
ia the Sew York Supreme Court, Kings County, February 19, 1918, and sentenced
to death, so that he may be
fa) Pardoned; or
(b) his sentence commuted and he be placed in a reform school until he is
twenty-one years of age.
I do not believe that a boy of the age of Paul Chapman should, under any
circumstances, be put to death. I believe that his execution is antagonistic to the
enlightened spirit and sentiment of the best citizens of our commonwealth, and that
his execution would be a standing blot and disgrace upon the administration of our
criminal law.
Date., 1918.
Signature. Address.
SOTE: Please strike out (a) or (b), as you wish, and send the above to
Matthew VF. Wood, attorney for Paul Chapman, 233 Broadway, Sew York City.
Father fights?Mother works?have you time for me?
were far more than the building could ac?
commodate, so it was decided to limit the
ages to from six to fourteen, and to give
preference to children suffering from ma'
nutrition, heart disease and generally un?
favorable home conditions. Of these, 200
were taken care of from 9 a. m. to -1 p. m..
and at the end of the summer there was a
record of four to five pounds gained by every
child, with one star case who had gained
eleven !
Tliis year the federation has broadened its
work and is operating three centres, in co?
operation with the Society for Ethical Culture
?at the Hudson Guild, at Madison House,
and at Toynbee House. In addition there
are two more. The services of a director for
all five centres. Dr. Benjamin Gruenberg, are
?contributed by the Federation for Child
Study.
The Whole City Seems to Have Helped
The cooperation secured for this work is
really remarkable, and has been most heart?
ening to one who finds sometimes a little too
much competition and not quite enough spirit
of "getting together" in the war work that
is being done in our great conglomerate city.
The physicians' committee of the Academy
of Medicine is making physical examinations
of all children, and arranging menus.
The Bo'ird of Education has provided three
teachers, and supervisors for each centre.
The Board of Health has furnished nurses
?not enough nurses, but as many a? Dr.
Baker, head of the Bureau of Child Hygiene.
could secure.
Miss Mabel H. Kittredge, of the Council of
Organizations for War Service, has under?
taken the supervision of dietetics.
The Women's City Club and the Council
of Organizations for War Work have con?
tributed the use of their Community Kitchens.
The People's Institute is maintaining a cen?
tre at Public School 40.
The A. I. C. P. furnishes luncheon equip?
ment, and the services of a chief dietitiai:
Miss Fee.
Teachers College presented a six weeks*
course to train volunteers in the work of
caring for the children and leading their play.
The People's Music League sends music,
teachers and chorus leaders.
The Educational Dramatic League, of which
Mrs. August Belmont is president, is main?
taining a centre at Fiftieth Street and Tenth
Avenue,
The Y. W. C. A. gave the use of its build
ing, at Fiftieth Street and Tenth Avenue, to
the Educational Dramatic League.
Private individuals are lending automobiles
and 'buses to take the children on picnics?
but, by the way. there are not enough of .
them, so if these lines happen to attract the
attention of one who modestly drives a flivver.
let him not fear the smallness of his "bit" if he
feels inclined to lend it. But six-cylinder
touring cars and Fifth Avenue 'buses will be
received with equal gratitude. <
A Little Work?Between Meals!
The onlv requirement for admission is need.
And in order to ascertain which children pre?
sent the strongest need for the summer play
school the home of each one is visited, and
each muse go through a thorough physical
examination, including teeth, before registra?
tion in one of the centres.
After the little ones are regularly enrolled
their health is still the first consideration,
their food and their hours of work and plac?
are carefully prescribed and they are taken
to clinics whenever the occasion arises. And
they are fed?-oh, yes, they are fed! At 9
o'clock, before anything else begins, there are
cocoa and crackers; a hot meal is served
at midday: and cocoa or milk and crackers
come round again at 4.
Needles; to say there are few "tardy
marks" against these summer students!
Couldn't you manage to be fairly prompt at
your woriv if the first few minutes of it took
the form of eating a delightful, heartening
breakfast?
Between meals there are dancing, singing,
story telling, "story playing," carpentry.
swimming, sewing and picnics.
Oh, yes?and baths. Three times a week,
no matter who you are?hot baths with real
soap and towels, and occasionally a process
of purposeful shampooing for which little
girls are rewarded with gifts of pink rib
lions. Apparently the little boys have no
reward, but they can console themselves by
remembering that they are going through
just what real soldiers in the trenches have
to have done to them every once in a while.
The trained nurse famine has been over?
come in an ingenious way?a first-aid course
is substituted, attended both by teachers and
the older children, who are thus made ready
to care for themselves in minor mishaps with?
out the aid of experts.
There's a Red Cross Unit, too, and a class
in shoemaking, whose teacher is a real cob?
bler. He takes your shoes right off and shows
you how to mend them "while you wait." And
there is dressmaking to be learned, and the
fashioning of underwear from 400 yards of
cotton goods which some one has kindly do?
nated.
What Will You Do to Help?
Of course, it is not all clear sailing in the
play centres, with the multiplicity of customs
and nationalities. Sometimes there are inci?
dents which disturb the smooth routine of
things, as when a tiny maid was offered milk
and explained that she was afraid she couldn't
accept because her religion forbade her to
drink it within six hours after eating meat.
Many other children in the same centre were
found to be under the same restriction, and
a complete revision of the diet schedule was
necessary before the difficulty could be over?
come.
But these are small matters. The thing
that really counts is that these children are
spending the summer pleasantly and profit?
ably occupied, carefully supervised? amid
healthy surroundings, instead of roaming the
hot, dusty pavements, a prey to every dis?
ease that hovers over garbage cans and every
reckless driver who helps to make city streets
a menace to our little ones.
But there are still so many, many children
left on the streets! The five centres can care
for only a few. What will you do to extend
their work? Money, service, automobiles, all
will be welcomed by Mrs. Howard Gans,
chairman of the Federation for Child Study,
at 401 West End Avenue.
"The Father Fights?th.p Mother Works?
Help the Children "Carry On'!"
>YN
*? STribttnc
Hstitttte
In the Wfrrld oF Winnen
? ?
What I Gave
By ELIZABETH PORTER WYCKOFF
/LOOK at you proudly. I am glad you decided to go.
But. oh. my love, what would I not give
To see you again as you were!
Beiore they made your eyes so stern and so quiet.
Before the beautiful, buoyant boy's heart was torn out of you.
Before you gave yourself to the thing you must do!
I wish that I could see you come strolling along in your old gray suit,
Your eyes smiling nonsense to greet me.
Already I have given the thing I loved most in the world.
You cannot bring your boy's heart back to me from the war.
Yet I took at you proudly?/ am glad you decided to go.
All Those in Favor Say Aye!
By DEEMS VEILLER
^10 YOU believe in woman suf?
frage? All those in favor vote
"aye." But if you haven't got
{ a vote, what then? Don't worry
?the National Woman's Party
will get it for you.
They are going to do it by
?eckling Senators in the home. No rest for
we hardworking upper house this vacation,
*?r the harder working National Woman's
!*rty has followed them out of Washington,
^QM country, back to their native heaths,
?here the suffragists purpose to introduce suf
^Ze into the Senatorial sanctum.
dornen need two Senate votes before Con
#*ss reconvenes. They are trying to get them
*t calling the attention of the country to the
^???dent's power to translate his words ap?
proving woman suffrage into action securing
? An intensive summer campaign to accom?
pli this will be carried on in every state,
^t'cularly m those whose Senators still op
*?* national suffrage for women.
Tnese states arc New York, Maine, Ver
^nt? Connecticut, Delaware, North Carolina,
'?anew?:?:, Nebraska, Minnesota and Idaho.
Throughout the states of the Union women
forking like Trojans while Congress re
?*?***. The Senator? who go home for a vaca
11 ttutt-x there an overwhelming demand
?'?+? prompt passage of the national amend
'""' ^'franchising women.
??B?n are going out to tell the state? what
" ?ori't know about woman ?urTrage. By
*fl< ?*..? I ? n .
, ?/. What do you know aoout it? Do you
???teat:
?* 4tn*ndmtint reads: "The right of citi
* 'w tfw ''nitft'1 State? ?hall not be denied
?Widged by the United States or by
*te
?n account of sex."
any
First drafted in 1875 by Susan B. Anthony.
Miss Anthony prophesied that the women of
the United States would be enfranchised in
1920. Suffragists hope that ratification will
be completed by that time.
First Introduced January 10, 1878, by Sen?
ator Sargent of California.
Introduced in the Senate thirty time?.
Up to the present Administration it was in?
troduced seventeen times by Republicans, and
once by a Democratic Senator.
Voted on in Senate twice?1887, ayes IG,
noes 34; 1914, ayes 35, noes .'!4, failing by
eleven votes.
Men still in Senate who have introduced
suffrage resolutions are: Senators Borah,
Idaho; Warren, Wyoming; Chamberlain, Ore?
gon; Shafroth and Thomas, both of .Colorado;
Thompson. Kansas : Jones, New Mexico; Owen,
Oklahoma; Poindexter, Washington.
Since the Senate defeat of 1914 ten states
have granted suffrage, as follows:
Full?Women have voted for the first time
in New York, Nevada and Montana.
Presidential ? Rhode Island, Illinois, North
Dakota and Michigan.
Primary?Texas and Arkansas.
Municipal?Vermont.
House vote, January, 1918, shows: Section
of country represented by 379 electoral votes
gave majority for suffrage. One hundred and
fifty-two total number of electoral votes from
Suffrage Leaders on the Federal Amendment
WHEN the suffrage amendment has passed Con?
gress the real light will be won. The rest will
be merely routine, organization and work. For
live years we have concentrated our efforts on securing
the passage of the Federal suffrage amendment, for the
very rea.-;on that in accomplishing that one thing we would
accomplish everything.
Forty-three legislatures meet some time next January
or February. By April the amendment should he ratified.
American women have struggled and sacrificed and
gone to jail; they have fought prejudice and politics for
forty years. They do not intend that the struggle shall
be further prolonged. We are confident that the l?gisla?
tures of the states will not force u.-: to prolong it.
ALICE PAUL,
" Chairman National Woman's Tarty.
THE situation of the Federal suffrage amendment is well known. It has passed the House
and is awaiting a vote in the Senate.
In many ways the suffrage amendment occupies-a very favorable position. The Presi?
dent has repeatedly declared himself to be strongly and ?'enthusiastically" in favor of it, and in
a recent public statement he said he "earnestly hoped" the Sonate would act favorably upon it
"in the present session." The National Democratic and Republican committees have formally
indorsed it. The Senate Suffrage Committee reports it favorably. Every member of the Cabi?
net favors it but two, who have withdrawn all opposition; and leading Republican.-, sucn as Will
Hay?, Colonel Rooj-ovelt, Senator Gatlinger and Senator Curtis, are giving it steady, deter?
mined, consistent and very effective support.
Ah a result of all these circumstances, the position of the suffrage amendment in the Sen?
ate has been steadily improving. When the amendment passed the House in January it lacked
in the Senate eleven votes necessary for the required two-thirds mujority. Now it lacks only
two votes, and a number of Senators, .-till unpledged, can be classed as doubtful?very doubt?
ful; uneasily doubtful.
Of the ninety-six members of the Senate, twenty-nine Democrats out of a total of fifty-two
and thirty-three Republicans out of forty-four have promised to support the amendment. Three
fourths of the Republican membership are backing the measure. Little more than one-half of
the Democrats are backing it. The votes still needed to pass it are Democratic votes. The rea?
son action upon it is delayed is because close upon half the Democratic members obstinately
oppose it.
The situation clearly hinges upon the leader of the Democratic party. President Wilson
has eloquently declared himself in favor of political freedom for women by national action.
"The services of women during this supreme crisis
?if rlie world's historv have been of the most sitrnal use- __..___?______...w*?
fulness and distinction," Mr. Wilson wrote recently to the
women of the Allied nations. "The war could not have
been fought without them, or its sacrifices endured. It is
high time that some part of our debt of gratitude to them
?hould be acknowledged and paid, and the only acknowl?
edgment they ask is their admission to the suffrage. Can
we justly refuse it?
"As for America, it is my earnest hope that the Sen?
ate of the United States will give unmistakable answer 11
this question of passing the suffrage amendment to our
Federal Constitution before the end of this se-sion."
I think nobody will question the statement that if Mr.
Wilson wishes the amendment to pass it will pass. The
President has proved to the country over and over again
that he can turn votes in the Senate and the House to the
support of the measures he really wants to see enacted.
This measure needs two votes. Mr. Wilson can certainly
win two votes for it whenever he chooses to do so.
LUCY BURNS,
Editor. "The Sufrajfist,"
-tates which gave majority against suffrage.
These states gave unanimous vote in House:
Arizona, Indiana, North Dakota, Utah. Arkan?
sas. Kansas. Oregon. Washington, California,
Nebraska, Oklahoma, Wyoming, Colorado,
Nevada. Rhode Island, Montana, Idaho, New
Hampshire, South Dakota, Minnesota, Illinois
New Mexico and Maine.
Since the House vote, January, 1918, the
Democratic and Republican national commit?
tees have indorsed the amendment. England
has enfranchised 6,000,000 women. Canada
is extending to all women the franchise given
originally only to female relatives of soldiers.
Italy's Premier has declared for suffrage for
Italian women.
Since the war began 40,000.00 women have
been enfranchised, including those of England,
Russia. Denmark and Iceland.
Line-up of states on ratification?Twelve
full suffrage: Colorado, Wyoming, Utah, Cali?
fornia, Washington, Oregon, Montana, Nevada,
Idaho, Arizona, Kansas and New York. Seven
partial suffrage: Illinois, North Dakota, Ar?
kansas. Nebraska, Michigan, Rhode Island and
Vermont.
Ten states, through suffrage resolutions or
by petition calling for a. referendum, have
shown strong suffrage sentiment. These are:
Iowa, Massachusetts, Missouri New Jersey,
Ohio, Pennsylvania, South Dakota, Wisconsin,
West Virginia and Tennessee.
Do you know that it takes four men at home
to maintain one fighting man at the front?
Just about one man in each group of four is
a woman. The fourth "man" is denied citi?
zenship.
When the Senate comes across with two
more votes the fourth man will get her rights,
the rights of a free and equal. That is why
the National Woman's party is busy persuad?
ing Sen&toxa. ,