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ALL MBRCHANDISE ADVER TISED IN THE TRIBUNE IS GUARANTEED wxt WE ATHER Falr to-da and to-morrow; w?rm?f?i morrow; stroog north winda. First to Lasf?the Truth: News ? Editorials Advertisements V^L LXXVIII No. 26,425 ICoprrlgM. 1910. New YorU Tf Ibune Ine.] SUNDAY, MARCH 23, 1019?EIGHT PARTS? SEVENTY-FOUR PAGES FIVE CENTS ^SSr Paris Now Debating Fate of the Monroe Doctrine; Neutrals Propose 30 Changes in League Covenant CityAwaits Capture by Heroic 27th Thousands of O'Ryan's i Hindenburg Line Vet? erans Begin Assault j on New York To-night Inforinal Parades Set for To-morrow Fifth Avenue Gaily Deco ratcd for Greatest Mili tary Pageant Tuesday Kew York will formally pass into the posscssion of ita heroic sons to-night. Special trains will bring the van- I guard of the welcome army of invasion : to the city iate this afternoon, pre- J paratory to the great military pageant of to-morrow and Tuesday. For two days the wheels of industry throughout greater New York will come to an almost complete standstill while Father Knickerbocker pToudly greets his triumphant sons of the 27th Divis 1011. Although the great event of the two day spectacle of welcome will not oc eur uritil the men who broke through the Hindenburg line march up Fifth Avenue Tuesday morning, the celebra tion will begin for many of the youth ful veterans?and for aa many citizena as can crowd into the picture?when the Brooklyn soldiers reach theirhome armories to-night. Brooklyn and Tb? Broroc>iU shout "Welcome hom'e!" to thair returning heroes in pre'.iminary parades to-mor? row morning. To make those reviews pwsible it was necessary to provide ipecir.! trains to bring them in from Cunps Merritt and Mills late this afternoon and this evening. They will move immediately to their armories, where thcy will be greeted in an in fonnal manncr by their relatives and friends. Others Here on Leave Others from the camps have antici pated the official movcment of troops by coming to their homes on special lcave. Many will rcmain here for the festivities that await them, and avoic the scheduled movements of theii unita by trains and ferries to-nighf and to-morrow morning. Practically all of to-morrow morn ing will be triven over to more or les: informal reviewB and grectings as unit: arrivc to march across the city to ar rnories. The programme for the 107th for in3tance. will be an claborate one Major (Jenpral John F. O'Ryan am other high omccrs of t'nc division wil tevicw t'nc marchcrs as they make thei first trip up Fifth Avenue from th sUnd before the Union Leaguc Club. An cscort of the old 7th, numbcrin, approximately 4,000 men undcr Majo General l)aniel Appleton, will marc! with tho returning veterans. Sinc this will be the most intimatc, pcrsona greeting of thn special friends of thi organization, the men arc looking foi ward to their own parade with almos *s great intercst as to the big spectacl of Tnesday. Avenue Gayly Decorated Fifth Avcnue's holiday dress, prol sbly the most claborate and costly ra ment it has worn in all its histor tarcer, has becn completed and donne Hs decorations have been divided ir.' thrce clasges, in which as many sent ments are expressed. The note of tr uraph, the note of memorial and th of carnival and jubilation, all are e preased in oymbola of light and colc At Madison Square the splendo that mark a Roman triumph will reproduced. A colonade of pylons w extend from Twenty-third Stre north, fonning a lane up to the V tory Arch, at Twenty-fifth Stre which ia the dominant feature of tl part of the avenue. There will be impreaaive ceremoni *t thia point. On the Altar of Libei ther? will be massed stands of fla ?? all the Alliea and representath from the embanie* of these vario nationa will be there to review t narebing soldiera and participate <?rtain formal exercisea. Bnglers to Sound Salate On the approach of the procesai "Wbanda will e?aae their triumpl ?u?le and the buglers will aound Wttte to the colors. Acroaa th? a Rue wiil be atretched a ailken ro *? the ?.a!ute is aounded a aingle a ???r of the 27th Divlalon- aithar pr)v?t* or a non-commiaaioned offb *"* will be chosen becauae of apec eallantry for which ne has receh oceerationa?will ntep forward i Mver this barrler wim hia bayonat roremoat in the proceaaion will * group of aoldlera carrylng an I ?**??? ?ervice fiag with 1,972 g mr?, the ?ft of the Luncheon C .' lh* V;w ? 9rk Slo?k Kxehang*. 1 "l*?* *'" ''* ommi;mar?tiv? of J* wfeft lkj,j 4<,wtt lheir |iv4,n *r*1*n and B?lgi?m. JT" v''" <om* * ?'in cs?isso>i. <ir? ^V*>ntinued an payn fourleen Trotzky Is Scared By Letts Successes OARIS, March 22.?The Estho nians-Lettish offensive against the Bolsheviki is menacing Petro grad so seriously that Leon Trotzky, the Bolshevik Minister of War and Marine, has ordered the general mobilization of all men up to the age of forty-six, according to a Zurich dispatch to the "'Matin." Radio Thones Seen as New Oversea Link 1 Commercial Use of Wire? less System Within a Few Years Is Predicted bv Dr. A. W. Goldsmith "Public wireless telephone communi cation b$tween the United States and Europe ?will be established within a very few years." This prediction was made yesterday | by Dr. Alfred N. Goldsmith, in a spe- i cial interview with The New York Tribune. Dr. Goldsmith is director i of the Radio Telegraphic and Tele- ! phonic Laboratory, and professor of electrical engineering of the College of the City of New York, and one of the leading experts on wireless tel ephony in the country. "The obstacles which have retarded progress for the last ten years in the field of radio telephony," he. said, "are now in the main satisfactorily solved. We may confidently expect within a very few years to be able to off-er any telephone subscrjber jn $he ,...jJjiitfld States reliable ep^mnni^t'^ W f?iy ! subscriber1 in Eng&nd, :^m jprppahly j also to any aubscriber on the continent i of Europe." Mfctnod of OfteTatiOn, De?rib?a Describing the method by which a j telephone subscriber in this country will talk to one in Europe, he said: *'When John Smith, of Cincinnati, | wishes to talk to Jacques Bohhomrae, Of Marseilles, France, every word 1 spoken in Cincinnati must travel over the long distance telephone lines from , Cincinnati to the long distance radio telephony station (situated for ex ! ample, in New Jersey), thence* by ! wireless across the Atlantic to the receiving station (situated for ex ample in Wales), and by telephone line across the channcl to Marseilles. The words spoken in Marseilles travel over the same route in the reverse direc tion. "There are two points where we pass from wire lines to radio and from radio to wire lines. At these points most in genious and elaboratc electrical trans fer apparatus is Tequired. But the sub? scriber will not be concerned with the elaborate equipment actually used, but will gct just as specdy and satisfactory service as on the normal long distance circuit." Dr. Goldsmith dcclared evcntually there will be morc than a hundred wireless telephone transatlantic cen tral stations crected along the Atlantic scaboard and a corresponding number along the European and African coasts He also declared transoceanic wireless telephony would become univcrsal.and gave a reproduction of what he con sidercd would be the procedure of e ! subscriber in this country talking tc . i another subscriber in Argentina a few . I years hence. cj "We shall suppose," he said, "tha< I j Frank Jones, of Dyckman 386, is call ? | ing J. Desigante, of Cuidad 76fi, ir Buenos Ayres. We assume that Clair view is the long distance radio statioi in this country and Sol del Plata th< long distance radio telephone centra in Argentina. In addition, before eacl remark we will give the clapsed time ii minutes and seconds, very roughl; estimated: e'| j Typical Overseas Chat "0:00 - Mr. Jones (on his telephon at home): 'Radio long distanct please.' "0:0&?Operator (at Dyckman cen tral): 'One minute please.' (She cor nects his line to the Clairview radi station line.) "0:25 . Operator (at Clairview) 'Radio long distance speaking.' "0:30-- Mr. Jones: 'I wish to spea to Buenos Ayres. A personal call fc Mr. J. Deaigante, D-?-?-l-g-a-n-t-i whoae number in Cuidad 732.' "0:45?Operator (at Clairview), Bu nos Ayres?Mr, J. Desigante, of Cu dad, 762. What i? your number?' "1:00?'Mr. Jones; Dyckman, 38 Mr. Frank Jones speaking.' "1:20--Operator (at Clairview, tal sng out on radtophone)?"Hello, Bi nos Ayres! Hello, Buenos Ayres! N'< York call ing.' ?H:46?Operator (at Sol del Plata) 'Hello, New York! Buenos Ayres tal ing.' "1:60 Operator (at Clairview) (Jontituied on page *i.c AIRCHAfT YSA? ?eOK.-Oi*" BijMfc A?imttM?l<?? l? Mntrteti', tella Iww men mr; ?l ?!!//?? ronwmtreUI firtuw I'l ?lr. iSumtvlnr Altirtti A?o"UM'/n. TM flfih Atenue. U -Ai Vlackay Ousted As Postal Head By Burleson 3ther Chief Officers, Di rectors and Owners Are Relieved of All Duties Failure-to Obey Charged Postmaster General Says Wire Heads Tried to Dis eredit and Embarrass U. S. WASHINGTON, March 22.?Differ ences between the management of the Postal Telegraph and Company Com pany and Postmaster General Burle? son, which have been acute ever since the government assumed control of the telegraph and telephone systems, cul minated to-day in an ordcr by the Postmaster General summarily re lieving the chief officers, directors and owners of the Postal company from all duties in connection with govern? ment operation of their system. In the place of Clarence H. Mackay president of the company, the ordei appointed A. F. Adams, president ol the Kansas City Home Telephone Com? pany, and members of the government'? general telephone and telegraph oper ating ooard, to take over managemen' of the entire postal system. In an nouncing the action, Postoffice De partment officials said Mr. Adams pre sented the order at the company' headquarters in New York to-day an< took over control. \V. W. Cook, general counsel, an< ^iUJani J. .jJsegan, secretary, wer named speeifically with Mr. Mackay i the removal order. Accuaed of Ignoring Orders The , Alopartment's announcertteu said the acilbn waa made necessary b failure or refusal of the postal 01 ficials to follow instructions efforl to embarrass and diacredit govert mcnt control and failure promptly t j put a newwage schedule and the eighi | hour day into operation. Officials said informally they ai ! sumed the Postal Company'would sec | to interfere with execution of tl ! order by some court action, thoug I they did not know what form it migl j take. The officers relieved of the : duties under the government reta their connection with the company i sclf, the Postmaster Gencral's author ty extending only to the actual cor Continucd on pagc six Wilson Delayed by Appeals for 6iJustice' New York Tribune SpeciaX Cablc Servire OARIS, March 22.?President Wilson's prestige throughout f]urope continues to accumulate if the mass of appcals sent to him direct is an indication. In a single day twenty-fivc letters from one district arrived at Cril lon, appealing for a dccision, not of the conference, but by Wil? son. Many scores of sueh letters from official bodies and community del egations daily reach tho. desk of the Crillon secretaries and ob viously never reach Mr. Wilson. Delegations arrive and wait for days in Paris for an opportunity to see the President and depart rejoicing if he says, as he did to the Fiume delegation : "I am much interested in your ease; justice shall be done." First Receipts Of Incbme Tax O ver oinion Total for Year Expected to Meet Congress Estimate; Victory Loan Probably Will Bp S6.000.000.000 s WASHINGTON, March 22. With the j announcement to-day that collection; 1 from the first 25 per ci nt installmen . payment of income and profita Laxei I last Saturday amounted to $1,001,000, | 000 and might go higher with latcr re ports, the last financial milestone pre ceding the Victory Liberty I.oan hai ; been passed, and it scems probabl that the loan will he for approximatel; $6,000,000,000. attending a conference closing to-nigh wero told that although official statc ments of the amount of the loan hei'c toforc havo rcferred to "five or si billions," the higher figure was neare correct. Treasury officials to-day ow phasized, however, that the amount. c the loan had not actually been d( termincd. Tax collections of a little more tha a billion dollars ineicated that the t< tal tax yiold this year from incom and profita levies woul bc more tha Continued on page Extra Session Likely Before Middle of May Senate May Be Called Even Earlier to Act on Peace Treaty il Advanec of Negoliaitons Warrants President to Cable Order Decision Awaits Only Def inite Idea as to Time of His Return to America PARIS, March 21 ( By The Associated ! Press).? A special session of both ' houses of the American Congrcss pro | hably will be called to assemble about the middle of May, the date when President Wilson hopes to return to the United Statcs. H is possible that if the treaty of peace is sufficiently advanccd to war rant such a course, a special session of the Senate may be called even ear? lier t<i afford it opportunity to dca with this subject before being callet upon to direct its attention to othei importanl matters, chief o\' which wil be financial affairs. It is helcl to be unnnecesasry foi President Wilson to be in Washing ton when the call for such a specia \ session is issued, for this may bi cabled from Paris in advance of hi departure from France. Mr. Wilsor: , however, has reached no decision re . garding the question and is reservin. L the shaping of his rourse of actio j until hc has a more dehnite idea o . the date <>i* his return to America. The President is also keeping i . touch with the development of sent I nier.t in tii.e United States toward" b loague of r.mions. 17 the situation af v pears to him to demand such aetioi int is. net unlikely that shortly afte t his return from Europe lie will nial; . an extended speaking tour, presentin ,. his view of the issue dircctly to tr. x voters in the states whos esenatoi ,. are opposed to ratification of tr ,. league plan. New York Tribune Washxngton Bureau WASHINGTON. March 22, Repor n from abroad that President Wilson \yj ,. return l.o this country earlier than 1 iiad intended, and that he proposed 10 eail an extra session of Congress abo n May 13, met with approbation amoi Continuecl on next page British Dominions Refuse to Act As Judges in European Disputes T ONDON, March 22.?The British Dominions do not feel that they should take the responsibility of entering into the deciding of the differences of European nations where the British Empire is not directly involved, it is set forth in a memorandum on the league of nations submitted by Sir Robert Borden, the Canadian Premier, to the British delegation at the peace conference, according to the Paris correspondent of "The Moming Post." The memorandum, the correspondent states, is supported by the American delegation. It was not submitted, he adds, after consultation with the Aus tralian delegates, but Premier Hughes of Australia, according to the correspondent, has pointed out that this does not imply that Australia disagrees with it. Victors Doubting Victorv And Foes Doubt Defeat Germany Morally and Financially Bankrupt; Americans in Berlin hicenced and Connt Bern storff Is tfcBack in Saddle" By Frank H. Sirnonds PARIS, March 22.-I doubt if there was ever in history a more amaz ing spectacle than that in Europe to day. The victors of a world war are becoming less and less certain of their victory and the concruered even less couvinced of their defeat. From the monient Xapoleon went to St. Helena to his death Europe con tinued to give itself over to successive frights over the possibility of the es cape of the great Emperor, who was in l'act a broken and dying man. One may hope that the similar condition of nerves in Europe now may proye equally ricliculous in the light of later history. There is no more interesting and at the same time baffling game in Paris than trying to judge what are the con ditions in Germany from such evidence as is brought to the French capital by soldiers, civilian commissions and diplomatic delegations which come back from or through Germany. in what direction is Germany mov- j ing? Toward Bolshevism or toward rcin tegration which shall niake her once ' more a menace to ihc Wcstern powers? ts I It is perfectly clear that there are " two grcat problcms facing the Western i world. Only a strong Germany that ut : is, a Germany which has achieved its ig ? reintegration possibly could pay tho claims of the Allics against it, but a 1 Germany strong enough to do this in tz I all human probability will he strong ] enough to resist the payment. j Germany Is Mbrally I And Econoniically Bankrupt Always, thcreforo, in tho Allicd mind, there is this dilemma: Shall tho j Paris conference aid in tho restoration of Germany and run the risk of a new | Germa-n attack, or permit the economic dissolution of Germany and the conse i qucnt disappearance of tho Gcrman as a nolitical and military menacc. for ; years to come . At the outsct, one fact seems to be established by al witnesses?namely, that Germany is not only econoniically, but also morally, bankrupt. The (Jnr man dishoncsty, which showed itself in lying and in steading on the grand scalc during the war, is now becoming chronic in the smallest circumstances of lil'e. If you visit a public official in Ger? many to-day he will not pcrmit you to lcave your coat on his outside rack, be causc it would be stolcn. It is unsafe for you to put your shocs outside your door for the portcr to shine in the morning. They would be stolcn. Americana in Bcrlin are advised to show themselves only on the most crowded streets to cscape the pcril of violence, while not long ago American offtcers attached to a mission in Bcrlin found their quarters moved to an up pcr floor of the Adlon as a mcasure of protection. Toward all the Allics there has been a marked change in feeling in the last two months. Soon after the armistiee Americans walkcd freely in Bcrlin. There was no sign of passion. But now the old hatred, so strong during the pcriod of the war, is making itself fclt again. Bernstorff In Power As Americans Lcarn By coi'itrast, the Germans already I have recalled Bernstorff to a positioi: i of influence and purpose to send hyr to Paris in the peace delegation, be cause, so they frankly say, of his wel known ability to manipulate Americar things. More than one American mission tha hns gone to Berlin in rccent days ha: found itself pushed toward a meetini with Bernstorff, which it has only es caped by absolute refusal to see a mai guilty of such crimes against thei country. This Bernstorff detail is in dicativc of how littlo change there i in the German attitude or in the Gei man conception of the kind of metho ecessary to employ with other nations. | This leads to another observation i nadc by all visitors to Germany, I lamely, that the old gang remains j n charge, the leaders of the new' \ational Assembly are the men who tchoed and re-echoed the militaristic deas during four years of war. But bureaucracy is not changed. It ?ontinucs to function, its sympathies ire all with the old order. Foreigners :oming in contact with some high >fncial of the old order are not infre luently treatod to an exposition of the iisgust and shame with which the men trained in the old order work for the revolution. But exactly as in the case of the old Russian bureaucracy the German civilian employes explain that they have to save their salaries and they hope by staying at their posts to contribute to a restoration of the old order. Here one finds an omnious sugges tion of parallelism with rccent Russian history. Germany Aawiting Fair Chance to Hit For a considerable period in the Russian revolution the old bureau? cracy continued to kee.p its place. It stayed at its desk and in the same way the Duma continued to function and even increased its area of activity in National Assembly at Weimar is doing. But in Russia two years ago and in Germany now the Soldicrs' and Work men'a councils function alongsidc of tho National Assembly. Onc hears little of them outside Germany, but they are. preservin'g their cxistencc cxerting their influcnce, apparentlj awaiting a favorable moment to as sume completc control. Another detail which suggestB Rus? sia is the vcry great reluctance on the part of the masses of the populatior to go to work. There are 268,000 men in Berlin alone drawing unemploymenl rationa and the other <lay, after a heavy snow storm, a call for voluntecrf to go to work with shovels with s promisc of payment of $2.60 a day cnlistcd onyl thirty volunteers. The same phenomenon is reportcd itt Belgium where conditions are by nc mcans as hopeful as might have bcer expected. But in Germany this refusal to work presents a very much morc serious problcm. It is extending ant spreading and_ therefore accumulatinj: the material out of which Bolshevisn may yet make a new conflagrat.ion. Propose to Divide Ali Profit by Bourgeotse As to t'nc revolution itself, an Aracr ican rccently returned from German} gives me an admirable statement. I is regarded by a majority of German as having bcen nothing morc nor les: than a fake.' There are two great re forms which the German peoplc as i mass mean to be demanding, first : complete change in mcthods of taxa tion which will place a portion of th< burden of taxation upon the shoulder of the wealthy, thus supplying an equi table division of taxation between th rich and poor, and second a complet nationalizing or syndicatizing of th great industries. Thcse two thing wcre the main planks in the socialisti platform. Come to power, the Social Deim crats have totally failed to do eitht and the men who were leading the S( cinl Democratic party in the new Ni tional Assembly are moving awa rather than toward such reforms. Tr eloction at which the recent Nation: Assembly was chosen was conductc honestly, but with no clear apprecii tion on the part of the voters as t the meaning of the thing and the who vote of the women was cast in a co servative direction under the absolu control of clerical influence and th oddly enough was true both in tl Continued on next page POI.AND WATKR FOR HKAl.TH On aoenunt of iix ptirlty h(?1 Ki<?at mcill 11 'i powar, tt \t> Saf" Hinl ulilimit an eq' in hii cfcaaa of favar. S*nd for new ifli I trated book ptvlna luilf century of htatt Rivt endoraements. Voliinrt Sprlng Co., V. Hroadwiiy, New .York.? 4<irC. Japan Asks Just Racial Treatment Switzerland Wants Pact to Exclude Questions of Sovereignty From Society Jurisdiction Council of Ten Gets Report on Poland Conference Again on the Warpath Against the Press, Says Newspaper PARIS, March 22.?Amendmenta safeguarding the Monroe Doctrine and a Japanese amendment for just racial treatment were among the large nnra ber of proposals before the peaee con? ference commission on a league of na? tions, which met at American head quarters at 3 o'clock this afternooa under the chairmanship of Presiden? Wilson. These and other propositions up to this time have been in a controversial state and the commission met to-day | to decide whether they will be incor porated in the covenant. Numerically : the neutrals have proposed the larg j est number of amendments. There are thirty amendments from 1 the neutrals, but they are largely for j mal, except the Swiss amendment con ', cerning sovereignty. The various plana proposed for safe? guarding the Monroe Opctrine, how ; ever, are the chief eubjaets pf interest , in American quarter*. Text of Swiss Amendment The text of the Swiss amendment i was made public this morning. It reads: "This covenant shall not be intcr preted as containing anything contrary to the sovereignty of states, except in so far as the state itself, by admcr inig to the covenant, shall consent, and the covenant itself shall not interfere with the internal affairs of any of its members." While the amendment does not men tion the Monroe Doctrine, it is tacitly understood to apply to it. Somc of tho members of the American delegation are inclined to accept an amendment, | on such iines, fccling that it would meet the demand of the United State?. for some declaration in the ppirit of the Monroe Doctrine. Many Amendments Discossed The official statement on to-day'a meeting of the league of nations com? mission said: "The commission on the league of nations met this afternoon under the chairmanship of President Wilson. This was the first mccting of the commission since the draft of tbe covenant was prescntcd to the plcn ary session of the conference t>n February 14. "A discussion took placeona num? ber of amendment; suggested by the members of the commission, as a re sult cither of the rcccnt exchange of views with the representatives of ncutral states or of the construetive criticism to which the covenant has been gencrally submitted. "The commission will resume ita cxamination of the covenant on Mon day evening at 8:30 o'clock." Polish Commission Rcporta The Council of Ten, or Supreme War Council, also met to-day, and rc ceived a fresh report from the Com? mission on Polish Affairs which waa discussed and rcserved for final exami nation later. This examination will take place in connection with the sub sequent fixing of boundary lines af fecting Germany. The next meeting of the council will 2 be held on Monday. s At Monday's session the council will go into the question of sending the c I Polish troops in Francc under Gencral e ! Haller to join the Polish army in e j Poland. The council also will come to 3 > a decision as to what action shall be c j taken regarding the interruption of tho negotiations with the Gcrmans *t >? Posen over the questions jointly af sr fecting Germany and Poland. }" On Warpath Against Prea* Yesterday's meeting of the Supreme iJ Council was taken up in large part !'' with discussion of comnjent in the ul t'rench newspapers, accorciisrn to the .j i Paris press this morning. This is the th>rd time that the conference has a" ! started on the warpath against the to j press, aaya M. Saint Bricc in "Le Jour le nal," who adds that it has already been n. remarked that these "fits of temper" are never symptomatic of favotabie ar vflopmonts. 18 The failure of the council to reaen he a decision rogarding Poland and the I sending of a commiasion to the Orient I are the subject of trenchant criticisra I in this morning's newspapers, togother 1 with what the Socialist "Humanita" calls the conference's lack of metho4 and dnily growing confusion. ..i. The "Partlnajt nrticle in the "Echn de Paris'' appeared with a large blacn iso | space marring it* flow, while und?r th? ! heading of J'The Council of Ten" in