New-York tribune. [volume], May 06, 1919, Page 6, Image 6

About New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924

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Germany's Plot to
Teutons Have
Metal Grip <
Gas the World's Trade
Not Withdrawn
>n the Americas
?l?xico, Where Specula
tioii Is Cheap, Still Wil
Be a Source of Econom
ic Expansion by Hu?
Palmer Optimistic,
But Facts Rcmaii
Everything Existing La*
Permits Has Been Dont
to Block the Invasion
By Stanley Frost
77 is is the tenth of a series o)
articles on Germany's nevj war o,
economic piracy.
A single fact, far more titan col
nmns of figures, shows the power o?
?he German metal octopus in Amer?
ica, and how it worked. Thougr
copper was not under German con?
trol, though its mining was almost
entirely in American hands, though
the German purchases were only
about a quarter of world consump?
tion, Germans were able to got
?.heir copper, year after year, at
about a cent a pound less than
Americans could?from ten to five
per cent advantage in price. That
advantage hurt America, and helped
the Gei-man campaign of world ex?
ploitation, in every single thing into
which copper enters.
A. Mitchell Palmer, in his report
on the work of tho Alien Property
office, thus sums up tho menace:
"Who will say that these were
not a standing menace to the se?
curity of oui lomestic metal in?
dustry, as well as to the develop?
ment of our own commercial in?
terests in Mexico and South
America? It is no answer to the
obvious potential power for i vil
which these companies poss< ?
to point to the fact that since
European war the American
Metal Company has been entirely
officered by Americans who have
shaped the policy of that power?
ful organization or to show that
Vogelstein is a naturalized Amer?
ican citizen, or to remind us
that Elkan Frohnknecht, in con?
trol of Beer, Sondheimer & Co.,
are likewise American citizens?
they were late converts to citi?
zenship. The power lay in the
hands of Hirsch & Sohn and Beer,
Sondheimer & Co. and the Metall?
gesellschaft and its stepchild,
" Henry R. Merton & Co. at any
and all times to direct the policy
of these American concerns.
"These outposts of German
commercial aggression having
fained a foothold in the United
tates, were gradually spreading
into Mexico and South America,
which are legitimate fields for our
own commercial development. In
Mexico to-day the American
Metal Company is second only to
the American Smelting and Re?
fining Con., ,.ny (Guggenheim) in
its control cf the mineral wealih
of that country. In Peru and
Chile and other parts of South
America these companies not only
control the output of mines and
smelters, but the American Metal
Company also owns mining claims
of great extent.
"With unlimited resources at
their command, they bought up
mines, financed and built smelt?
ers and refineries, bought and
sold huge quantities of metals,
organized and controlled their
own systems of transportation
and even invaded the oil industry.
With the controlling power of
these great organizations centred
in the hands of Germans?know?
ing what we know about Ger?
many and Germans?who will
deny that they have been a men?
ace to this country?"
German Outpost?
Skilfully Placed
The skilful strategy and location
of many of the German outposts
hero made the menace far greater
than the bare figures of comparative
capital and turnover show, as is
proved by the manipulation of the
price of copper.
One example of this is tho Roes
sler-Hasslacher company, not a
member of tho triumvirate, but
working hand and glove with it
through the homo control. This
firm was primarily a chemical com?
pany, and its power lay in the fact
that through patenta and other ad?
vantages ?thad a complete monopoly
m America of the manufacture of
cyarmie, which in indispensable to
the reduction of gold and silver ores.
That is, it was in a position from
wh'ch it could at any time throw a
groat advantage to German eon
trolled companies, or even force
American concern? out of business
by favoritism in the price of the
vital cyar,id<-, or by such delays in
delivery or refu i : to Bell as would
make production impossible by the
concern singled out for attack.
This concern was entirely German
controller! up to the war, arid many
charges of activity hostile to Ameri?
can interest? have hem laid against
It. It? officials were admittedly pro
German, and shortly before America
came into the war they Bent as their
agent for certain negotiations in
Germany Oscar Rolland Seitz, who
was active in all pro-?erman move
ALIEN PROPERTY CUSTODIAN
Sixteenth and P Streets, N. W., Washington, D. C.
April 11, 1919.
To the Editor of The Tribune.
i Sir: I iiave read with interest the preliminary sketches of Mr.
Frost's stories about the present German menace. I want to say to
you that in my opinion they are a splendid presentation of the
present situation, and, as far as I have gone, accurate and entirely
justified by jrresent conditions.
The situation at this time calls for just such a series of articles
is Mr. Frost has written, and in order to insure their accuracy in
detail I would be very glad to go cer them when fie has finished
them and make nny small corrections whirl; the records of this office
may justify. The wider publication these articles receive the greater
the public service Mr. F'rost has been able to render.
FRANCIS P. GARVAN,
Alien Property Custodian.
monts and was formerly editor' of
Hearst's "Morgen Journal." Five of
its officers drew salaries of $70,000
a year each, and one of them ad
| mitted to the Alien Property Cus?
todian that this was a scheme for
I transferring profits to Germany
; secretly.
Big Power Lay
In Patents" Control
Another similar strategic advan?
tage lay in the control by Beer,
Sondheimer & Co. of the patents for
"minerals' separation,'' the process
by which the metals are removed
from the worthless material in which
they ave found in the ore. These
patents were taken out as lato as
I 1914, and a syndicate was formed
for their exploitation which was ex?
tremely profitable, because of the
great saving they permitted as
1 against the old processes. Beer,
Sondheimer & Co. became exclusive
; agents for these in the United
States, as well as having a heavy
i interest in the syndicate. Thus
? there was another noose around the
? neck of American business.
A third strategic move is seen in
the lieavy investments in Mexico.
There are two advantages to be
gained there. The first is that all
Mexican property is cheap at pres?
ent, and by going in under Amer?
ican names the German capital will
have the chance to realize heavily
when the time comes for the United
States to adjust its claims in Mex?
ico, while if this government does
not do this the interests could be
, retransferred to Germans and the
German power invoked.
The second advantage, of course,
. is the concealing of the German
wealth, to keep it out of reach of
: the Allies when the demand for
indemnities is presented. Thus,
Germany on this continent is pur?
suing the same course in chaotic
.Mexico that she is following in Bol?
shevik Russia?buying cheaply to
get a secure foothold on the coun
: try for future exploitation, and
counting on the use of force to
make the speculation good.
Hun Gjpcrnment
Kept Ciose Touch
The close touch which the Ger
: man government kept on these con
' corns is illustrated in tho case of
! Vogelstein, tho company being for
i some time in financial troubles in
the early years of the war. Hugo
Schmidt, tho German commercial
agent in America, promptly took
hold and threw the power of the
Deutsche Bank behind tho concern.
He supplied credit, arranged foi
shipments and finally helped to get
?? the assets concealed when war with
< America became unavoidable.
The American Metal Company
figures in another way. When the
; lack of German potash drove Amer?
ica to the development of her own
i resources it became very much tc
: Germany's interests to make sure
that tho American developments
' could be crushed when tho time
came. Von Berastorff, accordingly,
started a scheme to have the Amer?
ican Metal Company made the sell
1 ing agent, "in Germany and Amer?
ica," for the American potash. He
reported to his government as late
as February G, 1917, just a few
days before relations were broken
off, that the prospecta of this were
good after the war. Who would
be in doubt of the fate of American
potash in such hands?
Since; America entered the war,
official reports show, there has been
no misbehavior by the American
Metal Company. As much cannot
\><- said fur .some of its subsidiaries,
especially in Mexico, where officials
have been most activo in the anti
American propaganda on which
Germany counted for a diversion.
Big Fight Made
Against Octopus
AgainHt the octopus the Allied
world has made a vigorous fighl
and has scored heavily. Britair
forced the breaking of all the Aus
tralian zinc contract?. France ant
Belgium built smelters. Knglam
drove Morton & Co. into liquidator
by refusing to give them a lisense
though the firm could not be Beize<
since all the owners were British
subjects.
In America also heavy blows have
been dealt it. In spite of fictitious
transfers of stock into Americar
names, Beer, Sondheimer & Co. an<
L. Vogel stein & Co. were seized bj
the Alien Property Custodian, a:
were the German shares in tin
American Metal Company. The firs
concern was put into liquidation. Ii
the case of the second, since Vogel
stein as an American citizen an<
since it has been impossible to ob
tain an exact accounting from Aaroi
Hirsch & Sohn as to the interest
involved, a five-year voting trust
with Americans in control, has beci
arranged, and the actual control o
the business has been turned bad
to Vogelstein.
The American Metal Compan;
was more complicated, but this, toe
seems to have been put under ful
American control, through the ai
of a block of stock which was held b
the Merton firm and was turned int
the voting trust by Great Britaii
This voting trust, also, runs for fiv
years.
"The German metal octopus,
says Mr. Palmer, in summing up tl
result of these operations, "ha
spread his tentacles across t?
ocean and over the United Stati
into Mexico and South America, bi
for the present surely, and for s
time, it is hoped, he has been drive
back and a wall of Am?ricains
erected which, it is hoped, he w
never be able again to scale."
Not All Believe
America Is Safe
Not all who have watched t
fight are so confident. Premier
M. Hughes of Australia, who h
a struggle against the octopus
home, made the following remai
in a speech last September. So
of the things which he critlses hi
since changed, but his attitude
mains of interest:
"The Metallgesellschaft i
America had extended one of i
most powerful tentacles. Tl
American government has place
these concerns under the contr
of trustees, but this, while placil
the present control in the ham
of the government, in no way af?
fects the designs of the enemy. It
does not change the German oc?
topus into a truly American in?
stitution. If the American gov?
ernment does no more than it
has done, when the war is over
the trade which flowed formerly
down these alien channels will
again resume its normal course.
American labor and American
capital will again exert them?
selves for the benefit of an enemy
which the manhood of America
has sworn to destroy.
"It is not by changing names
or any such surface scratching
methods that we can destroy the
great octopus. Most certainly it
is not. by appointing as two pub?
lic trustees, as has been done in
America, the very men who were
the original conspirators. Of
course, there are other trustees
who ave bona fide American citi?
zens, but we may be quite sure
that Vogelstein and Hothorn, who
controlled the operations of the
business for Germany before, will
continue to do so. Of course, they
will aller their methods, cun
ningly avoiding anything calcu?
lated to arouse comment or ex?
cite suspicion. They will endeavor
to persuade the American citi?
zens that all is well, that German
influence is dead, but if nothing
further is done Beer, Sondheimer
& Co., A. Hirsch & Co. and the
American Metals Company will,
after the war, resume the' place
in America which they occupied
before the war began.
Corvan Believes
Hears Groundless
Francis P. (ratwan, the present
Alien Property Custodian, believes
Mr. Hughes's fears are groundless,
first, because the financial control of
these concerns has come into Ameri?
can hands, and, second, because, as
will be explained .in a later article,
he believes that the German agents,
once forced into line, will be faith?
ful. But, apart from this, he be?
lieves thai everything the existing
law permits has been done.
Meanwhile the German home con?
cerns have throughout the war been
piling up profits at a rate unprece?
dented, even in their own history,
md they are to-day far more power?
ful than when the war began. No
.vhere has any measure been taken
.0 prevent their growing again, if
hey can find any man who will
;ake the money they are able to
>ffer in return for stock in those
md similar concerns.
TIic German colonization which
lominxitcrf. the woollen and lace mills
>f the country will be shmon in to
norrmu's Tribune.
Detroit Has 5 Jobs
For Every Soldier
Special f'orrci'povrlcnot
DETROIT, May 5. There aro five
obs available in this city for every
loldior who returns from the war and
wo jobs for every civilian now out of
?rnployment.
That statement is made on the nu
hority of tho Red Crops bureau estab
ished for the purpose of findine; em
iloyrnent for returned soldiers. Every
lay the office lias appeals for men
which must bo left unsatisfied because
here ar?.- not enough soldiers to take
tho places.
Not only is this true, but the rate
if pay is goiiiK up daily and is now
?aid to bo at the highest point in the
listory of industrial Detroit.
Detroit employers hav?. decided that
.hey will have none of the Bolshevik
dement and other disturbers. The
[ted Cross bureau has an order for
17."> men a week for a single large
industrial plant. These 375 are to take
he places of agitators who are re
;arded as un-American. They are being
hopped from the payrolls of factories
is rapidly as their tendencies are
earned.
: Inquiry Begins
To Fix Blame
For GCalF Raid
Socialist Newspaper Asked
by War and Treasury
, Departments to Prepare
\ Report of Its Version
In accordance with orders from the
War ami Treasury Departments the in
; vcstigation to fix responsibility for the
May Day raid on the offices of "The
New York Call," tho Socialist party
organ hero, was begun yesterday.
Managers of '"The Call" were re?
quested by the office of General Barry,
commander of the Department of the
; East, to prepare a statement of the
I circumstances surrounding the affair
! for submission to the Washington au
i thorities.
At the same time Jerome A. Myers,
director of tho outdoor activities for
the Victory Loan organization, in?
formed th? heads of the Socialist news?
paper that he had been instructed to
make a report on tho part men con?
nected with the loan organization took
in tho matter. Ha asked for copies
?of "The (.'all" for submission t.o the
1 Treasury Department as the paper's
version 'of tho raid. Mr. Myers is also
preparing a statement for Benjamin
'Strung, head of the Second Federal
Reserve District, in charge of the loan
' body here.
Reporta that members of tho Navy
i'?ah were involved in tin' raid were
! denied by Mrs. William 11. Hamilton,
vice-president of the organization, yes
! terday.
"The Navy Club," she said, "had
nothing to do with the affair, but did
go in the evening to Madison Square
Garden, meaning only to see that noth?
ing un-American should take place.
There has never been, in word or deed
Of Navy Club members, anything that
savored of violence.
"The club has always stood for law;
and order. The manner in which the
I men of the club have conducted them
| selves in developing and promoting
genuine Americanism strongly refutes
this mistaken impression, also that
. they have acted for notoriety. I want
the public to know that the men of tho
Navy (Hub have at all times arid in all
'places done nothing that could in any
way reflect upon their uniform, man?
hood or their organization."
Snann Again Appealed
To by Empey's Accusers
Delegation Asserts His Words
Were Cause of "Yankee
Wallops on ?Sose" in Riots
The same delegation, headed by the
Rev. Dr. Percy Stickney Grant, pastor
of the Church of the Ascension, which
called upi)n District Attorney Swann
several days ago to protest against
"tho propaganda of violence conducted
by Sergeant Arthur Guy Empey and
his associates in tho magazine 'Treat
'Em Rough,'" yesterday sent a letter to
? Mr. Swann inviting his attention to
"the serious disorders occurring May
! 1," declaring "that these outbreaks
may be traced to Mr. Empey's words."
Part of the letter follows:
"As you are doubltess aware, no less
i ban eight headquarters and meeting
! place's of radicals were broken into by
organized gangs of men in the uniforms
of the army and navy, and those pres?
crit subjected to every form of insult
and physical abuse. There can, we
think, he no question of fact here, for
the press is unanimous on this point,
citing innumerable instances of be?
havior which passed out of the ruf?
fianly stage into that of actual bru
] tality. Ono woman was assaulted be
? cause she wore some red about her
clothing.
"Figurative Speech"
"You will recall that on our visit i
to you we declared that precisely this
kind of violence was likely to result
from Mr. Empey's language. You re?
plied that the language in 'Treat 'Em
Rough,' however violent in expression.
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1 ?-?*~-.
I was purely figurative, that 'smash a
! Red,' 'a Yankee wallop on the nose,' 'a
I good right-handed swing on the jaw,'
1 as advised by Mr. Empey, were only
: figures of speech. We believe you
! must now concede that there was
' nothing figurative about the exceed
: ingly literal manner in which the edi
; torial advice to break heads and ad
i minister bloody noses was carried out,
not once, but many times on Thursday.
"May we not earnestly beg you, a3
I one who we believe desires to see
| averted in the future such shameful
I occurrences as those of Thursday, to
issue a statement of condemnation, not
I only of Empey's magazine, but of all
? persons and journals advocating open
; violence of any sort? And we would
! take this opportunity to express our
own condemnation of the excessive
! severity which members of the police
force are reported to have used in at
; tempting to protect those assembled
: in Madison Square Garden against the
I soldier and sailor mob outside. A one
legged soldier was very severelyclubbcd.
Contrast Sentences
"Finally, in the interests of averting
further bloodshed in the community,may
vvfi remind you that multitude-: in our
city to-day aro contrasting the immu?
nity of Mr. Emney with the severity of
the sentence passed upon Socialists for
i what at worst is mere misdemeanor.
I At least fifteen persons were arrested
I on May I for distributing labor circu?
lars. One of these received a sentence
i f six month.;; in jail."
The letter concludes with the question,
"May we hear from you?" and is signed
by the following:
Lincoln Colcord, assistant editor of
"The Nation"; John Lovojoy Elliott,
Hudson Guild Settlement; John llaynes
[ Holmes, Church of tin; Messiah; Charles
Recht, attorney; Norman Thomas, editor
of "World To-morrow"; Frances With
crspoon, secretary of Bureau Legal Ad?
vice; Robert Morss Lovett, editor of
"The Dial"; Kate Holliday Claghorn,
School of Philanthropy; Henry Neu?
mann, Brooklyn Ethical Culture Society;
Percy Stickney tirant. Church of the
Ascension, and Henry S. Coffin, Madison
Avenue Presbyterian Church.
Some days ago District Attorney
Swann said he had not taken any action
following the visit of the delegation.
"Call" Issues Warning
It Will Fight Raiders
Radicals who gathered last night at
a meeting under the auspices of "The
New York Call" at Central Opera
House were informed the newspaper
did not intend to submit passively to
any further raids on its building by
soldiers and sailors, but was deter?
mined to fight back.
Miss Theresa Malkiel, treasurer of
"The Call," informed the meeting the
paper intended to place iron bars on
all doorways and windows and install
fire hose, as well as take "other meas?
ures" to guard against further attack.
Tho crowd cheered this announcement,
and in the course of the evening raised
$1,405 for "The Call's" defence fund.
600 Bay Slate Weavers Strike
NORTH ADAMS, Mass., May 5.
About 600 employes of the North
Adams Manufacturing Company, Black
inton Company and Hoosaic Worsted
Mills went on strike to-day to enforce
demands for a forty-eight-hour week,
with timo and a half for overtime work,
presented by the weavers' union and
ignored by the manufacturers. The
strikers ask fifty-two hours' pay for
the forty-eight-hour week.
An Ancient Soap Recipe
Over 2,000 years ago the ancient
Gauls made good soap of beech ashes
and tho fat of goats.
Burleson Accused of
Misusing His Power
By Increasing Rates
?Denounced as a Usurper of
States' Rights at Hearing
of Proceedings to Annul
Rail and Wire Schedules
WASHINGTON, May 5.?The author?
ity of the Director General of Rail
? roads and the Postmaster General tc
I increase Intrastate railroad, telephone
! and telegraph rates throughout the
i country was argued to-day in the Su
i preme Court in connection with appeaL
] from proceedings originating in a
number of states. The hearing on the
railroad case was finished to-day. but
arguments in the wire rate cases will
not be concluded until to-morrow.
The appeal in the railroad case came
from North Dakota, while the tele?
graph and telephone rate cases arose
from proceedings in South Dakota,
Kansas, Massachusetts and Illinois.
Briefs as amici curia1 were filed in the
two cases on behalf of the National
Association of Railroad and Public
Utility Commissioners, representing
about thirty-iive states, and separately
by tho states of Pennsylvania, Ohio and
Wisconsin, the city of Detroit and the
Protective Telephone Association of
Baltimore.
State Officials Present
The proceedings attracted wide at?
tention, and attorney generals from
| many slates were in tho courtroom.
?Arguments for the railroad adminis?
tration were made in the railroad case
| by John Barton Payne and I
Donelly, while Frank E. Packard, of
Bismarck, N. I.)., and W. V. Tanner, of
Olympia, Wash., former Attorney Gen?
eral of Washington, appeared for the
North Dakota authorities.
In the telephone cases the argu?
ment was opened by Solicitor General
King, who was followed by W. II.
Hitchcock, of Boston, Assistant Attor?
ney General of Massachusetts.
The arguments in both cases to-day
centred principally upon the conten?
tion of the states that the govern?
ment's action in fixing intrastate rates
was an interference with state police
powers.
King Argues for Kurleson
Solicitor General King argued that
in increasing telephone and telegraph.
rates the Postmaster General was act?
ing on behalf of the public, as
porations which own the wires through
government control had ceased to
operate them and acted solely as the
government's agents. He asked for the
dismissal of the wire cases <.:i th<
ground that they were suits brought
against the government withoul ?1
consent.
Mr. Hitchcock accused the Post?
master General of exceeding his powers
in interfering with telephone rates and
with unlawfully invading state p
The Massachusetts attorney denied
that the states were attempting to in?
terfere with the government's operation
of the telephone systems.
Jordan Crooked; The River
The world's most crooked river is
the Jordan, which wanders nearly 220
miles to cover sixty.
Cleveland Printers Get Raise
Members of the typographical unie
at Cleveland, Ohio, have received a
in wages of from $27 to $:>..
a week.
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Harriman National Bank
Henry J. Schnitzer Stato Bank
Hudcon Trust Co.
?i. porten & Trarlrn National Baui of New Yerk
iL-i^rnstlonal 3ank
Irving'Natioctd Bank
Government Loan Organization
Second Federal Rrr.erve District
Liberty Loan Committee, 1-0 B'woy.N.Y.
Irving Truat Co.
Italian Discount and Trust Co.
Lawyers' Title & Truet Co.
Liberty National Bank of Now York
Lincoln Nclionai Rank oi the City ?t New York
Lincoln Trust Co.
Manufacturers Trust Co.
Mechanics ?ud Metala Nati in' Bank
of the City of .New York
Mercantile Truat A Dep ait Co.
Merchant? National U-mlv ot tbe City of New York
Metropoliten Bank.
Metropolen Trui? Co. of the City c.f New YciL
Mutual Bank
National Bank of C'ominrrre in N. Y.
National City li.ink of New York
National Park Bank of New York
New NetheHand Bank of New York
New York County National Bank
Now York Produce Exchange Bank
New York Trust Company
Pacific Bank
Public National Bank of Nerw York
Scandinavian Trust Co.
Seaboard National Bank
.Second Nations) Uask of th* Cfty of N. Y.
Sherman National Bank
State Bank
Title Guarantee & Trust Co.
Union F.trhaBfe National Bank of New York
United States Mortgage & Trust Co.
Uaitui State* Tint Compnny of New York
W. R. Lrme oi. Co. a Bank