New-York tribune. [volume], June 09, 1919, Page 5, Image 5

About New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924

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Can the United States
Solve Turkish Puzzle ?
Europe Is Willing to
let America Un
dertaketheGigan
tic Task Involved
By Frank H. Simonds
PARIS, June 7.
i week ago I discussed in detail the
?roblem? presented by the break-up
f the Austro-Hungarian monarchy,
?roblems which are before the Paris
Conference,
and in so far as they
?ffect German Austria, will be solved
w the Treaty of St, Germain. It re?
mains now to discuss the problems
presented by the Turkish Empire,
which has also collapsed and must be
dealt with in Paris.
Turkey presents two distinct ?ques?
tions: The question of Turkey In Eu?
rope, which is minor so far as ter?
ritory 1? concerned, but o? supreme
Importance on the strategic side, be?
cause It Includes Constantinople and
the northern shores of the straits; and
?Hia problem of Turkey in Asia, which
jg, or was, an empire greater than
Germany or Austria In area, with a
population approximately that of
Spain.
The n1 !-?ate disposition of Turkey
ja Bur >ends entirely upon the
???cisi?n a Paris Conference. As
to the futui. of Constantinople, If this
eity and the surrounding territories
ere to go to the natural heir?to the
country most largely represented by
the races inhabiting the region?then
there is no question as to Greek rights.
From the beginning of history Con?
stantinople has been Greek. It was
the capital of the Byzantine Empire,
which was Greek. It fel Ito the Turks
only in the fifteenth century, and to
the present day the Greeks have re?
mained one of the largest elements
in the city population. The shores of
the straits and of the Sea of Mar?
mora are Hellenic in history and i?
?population.
Unwise to Bestow
Mandate Upon Greece
But there are a dozen reasons why
it would be an unwise thing to bestow
upon so small a country as Greece so
staggering a responsibility as the
guardianship of the entrance to the
BJack Sea. To bestow it would
he to deprive Bulgaria of any outlet
on. the jEgean. It would place Greece
in the future across the pathway of a
new Russia, for there will be a new
Russia. It would impose burdens and
responsibilities for which, at least at
present, Greece is not prepared. The
second solution, much discussed in
Paris, would be to-, make Constanti?
nople and the shores of the straits
and the Sea of Marmora a mandatory
district under the league of nations.
Not a few people regret that Con?
stantinople was not selected as the
capital of the league of nations, the
seat of its conferences and the terri?
tory in which the league of nations
would exercise something like tem?
poral power, once held by the popes
in Rome. This possibility having been
eliminated, there was a long discus?
sion of the possibility of consigning
Constantinople to the United States
as mandatary, separating it from
Turkish territory in Asia and bestow?
ing upon it most of the remaining ter?
ritory of Turkey in Europe.
Thi3 would have meant to eliminate
the Sultan. It would have meant put?
ting the Sick Man out of Europe at
last, after 500 years of incompetence
and worse. But the Sultan of Turkey
is not merely head of the Turkish Em?
pire, but the recognized spiritual head
of the larger part of Islam, and very
promptly there came from British
India and from other parts of the
Mahometan world emphatic protests.
These protests would h?ive little weight
tad there been any clear-cut policy as
to Constantinople, but there was not.
Europe Willing U. S.
Should Take Charge
The European nations were willing
that the United States should under?
take the task of repeating in Con?
stantinople what was achieved in
Havana, but all Europe has agreed
against the transfer of this city tc
?ny single European power, while there
'* not much enthusiasm at the moment
?n the part of the United States repre?
sentatives.
It was then proposed and ia now un
d?r discussion that Constantinople
Anatolia, which is the larger part of
Am Minor, and Armenia, should bt
constituted mandatories under the
league of nations, Armenia certainly tr
o* mijrnofj to the United States, Ana
Wit either to the United States 01
France, and Constantinople with Ana
tolla to the United States if our coun?
ty agree? to take Anatolia. Ovei
?Anatolia and' Constantinople the Sol
?"?would have -hadow authority, such
*' i? maintained by the Khedive ir
HtfPt, or the Bey in Tunis.
This solution of the problem of Ar.ii!
Minor w*.( however, complicated by in?
ferable claims and by not a few
MM?t treaties. Hy the treaties ir
*lich Groat Britain and France agr?er
w> support Italian claims to Trieste anc
_?imatia they recognized Italian claimi
J? Dodecan^ae and the islands of thi
*-**t?n. Aegean taken in war, and t<
????tieali., all the southern coast ol
?fi*uJiin''r' including the great Gul!
Adalia, ftotas encouragement wai
**? given to the Italian claims upor
*"?* tb? Allies already have assigne<
*?rrna to Greece and have united Ir
J*?f Italy to abandon her claims t<
' tZrrM,*M? ?'? view f,t iht? fact t"*"1
?Population i? wholly Greek. It re.
*"?. therefore, that Italy hag de
*????** and will doubtless receive fur
?J2 ?"????ton In th* hinterland be
JJ? the Oulf of a^,;,, Thuf th<
1 ?* the weatem coast of And
*-**??? ?H* the grwt p?H of SwyrJ)J
and all the south coast and Adalia, are
separated from Anatolia. If one were
also to create a separate state out of
Constantinople and the shores of the
straits, Anatolia would be deprived
of all its outlets to the sea and some
seven or eight million Turks would
be penned up in Asia Minor.
As to Anatolia, previous agreements
have made this question difficult also.
Under one Franco-British arrange?
ment, the French were to have the
Gulf of Alexandretta and Armenian ter?
ritory between the Taurus Mountains
and Amanus about Adana. This would
deprive the Armenians of an outlet on
the Mediterranean, and under Ameri?
can impulsion France has been per?
suaded .to abandon this part of her
claims. True, Armenia, a solid block
of hinterland about the headwaters of
the Euphrates and between Anatolia
and the old Russian frontier, all along
has been indicated as the site of the
Armenian state, but in a very large
part of thi3 area, as a result of mas?
sacres, Armenians are in a minority.
On the other hand, the collapse of Rus?
sia has made possible a union with
Turkish Armenia' of Russian Armenia,
districts which are in far better con?
dition both as to population and eco?
nomic circumstences.
But it must be recognized that if
there is.great opportunity in Armenia,
there is a stupendous task, increased
by the rivalries of the surrounding!
races. If Russia ever regains her full
strength, as is likely, Bhe is bound not
alone to demand the retrocession of
her own Armenian districts, but also
of those other Armenian districts, and,
for that matter,' of Constantinople,
promised her in her 1915 agreement
with France and Great Britain..French
interests in Syria, British concerns
on the Euphrates, will be equally af?
fected by the creation of a rela?
tively strong Armenian state in what
both will regard as the hinterland of
her Syrian and Mesopotamian coun?
tries, while the Turk may be expected
to nourish the hope of reclaiming his
Armenian provinces. Nor will the task
be lighter in view of the "age-long
feud between the Mahometan Kurds,
actually a majority now in Armenia.
If the United States should take
Armenia alone, it will have to build
many railroads over a difficult country
and many highways. It will have to
maintain a considerable army over an
extended period of time in a country
where disorder ha3 been the common
circumstance for a thousand years,
where racial feuds have led to massacre
time and again. It will require at least
half a century to put Armenia on its
feet, but on the other hand there is
no mandatory within the gift of the
League of Nations which would offer a
greater chance for unselfish human
service. The Armenians themselves are
industrious, their country ha? great
mineral resources, great possibilities
of ultimate prosperity.
If an American mandatory is to be
stretched to cover Constantinople, Ana?
tolia and Armenia, the task will be fai
more gigantic and far more difficult
Constantinople has been the cause o?
more wars than almost any other citj
I in the worlds It is hard to believe
that in the future it will be les;
coveted. Greek and Bulgarian ambi?
tions will continue.
The day is almost certain to com?
when Russia will once more look south?
ward toward Anatolia. We shall find
ourselves faced with seven million
Turks, who will hardly welcome our
r?le, and we shall find ourselves con?
fronted with the task of defending
them against Greeks and Italians.
The mandatory for Constantinople,
Anatolia and Armenia would mean the
employment of an army of a quarter
of a million Americans for an extended
period of time. It would mean an enor?
mous task of organization, industrially
as well as politically, and it would
mean inevitable participation in all
disputes of the future in the Near
East. It would mean, in reality, that
Europe had transferred to the United
States the gigantic task of solving the
old Eastern problem, which is and re
mains beyond European possibilities,
but we should find ourselves handi?
capped in such a solution by the fact
that the essential parts of the terri?
tory affected have already been as?
signed to Italy and Greece, including
the natural borders.
Armenia would be a much less ambi?
tious task, but one the difficulties of
which could not be exaggerated. It
would certainly take thousands of
American soldiers and consume years.
I have said, and I repeat, no finer
work of national unselfishness Is con?
ceivable, and if any mandatory is to
be taken by the United States, none is 1
more worthy of our acceptance, since
none would provide greater opportuni?
ties for service and fewer for profit.
But it would be a task beside which the |
Philippines was child's play and Cuba I
a mere pastime.
(Copyright, by McClure Newspaper Syndl- I
cate.)
BUY
"MILLER" Lighting
Fixtures or Lamps.
For Boose, Cottage. Club. Chnrch ?r 001?
BECAUSE THEY GIVE THE BEST UGIT,
ARE BEAUTIFUL, NOT HIGH PRICED.
SEE ^
THE GOODS.
We make a great
variety of styles.
MILLER
Electric, Gas or
Oil Lampa mako
ELEGANT
PRESENTS.
Dealers SHOULD bave HILLER Lampa fer sal*
IF NOT, vou can buy them from
Edward Miller & Co., A??S?T??u.
?8 and TO PARK PLACE, New York.
In NEXT Block WEST of Woolworth B'ldfc
.afjS?Sv
I
Broadway
aks
ompattij
at 34th St.
In the Heart of New York?Direct by Subway, Tube and "L"
M ^ F y
Beginning This Morning, on the Fourth Floor
An Important Special Mid-Summer
Sale of
Women's Smart Frocks
Cool, serviceable Summer frocks in the newest silhouette, fashioned ac?
cording to our usual high standard of workmanship in the materials of the
hour. Twenty distinct styles to select from, four pictured as follows:
No. 1?A very dainty frock of excellent
quality Taffeta, showing smart surplice
waist with Georgette Crepe collar.
Colors: Navy Blue, and Black.
Special $29.50
No. 2?A stunning voile frock, with the
new plaited tier skirt. Obtainable in
very effective polka dot patterns on
Navv Blue or Black grounds. Sizes 34
to 44.Special $8.95
No. 3?Dressy Cotton Georgette Frocks
with round neck and plaited collar, and
trimming of hemstitching on waist.
Colors: Peach, Saxe Blue, Flesh and
Grey.Special $15
No. 4?Stunning Foulard patterned
Voile Frock with dainty lace-trimmed
net vestee and tunic skirt. Obtainable
in Navy Blue, Copenhagen Blue, Brown,
Wisteria .Special $12.50
Also a wonderful collection of Cotton Frocks for Large Figures at $ 10 to $25
I ti H In
OTT '
8.95 M \ 2.95
12.75
Staks ?(Bmitpmns
Direct Especial Attention to a
Remarkable Collection of
Smart Summer Skirts
now assembled on the Fourth Floor. Only the very
newest Paris-inspired models are included, displaying
a host of exclusive style features. At these three
pi-ices we offer a variety of models without equal :
At ?1?. 10?Fine organdie Skirts?now very much in
fashion's favor?cool, dressy and made with exceptional
care. To be had in all the new pastel colorings and
white. One pictured.
At $15.75 ?High -grade sports skirts of unusual
style merit, developed in Fan-ta-si and Satin Baronette,
in all wanted colors. Cannot be duplicated at this price.
One style pictured.
At ijSOai/5?The most representative collection of
?mart Summer Skirts anywhere assembled, skilfully pro?
duced in Cotton Gabardine, Cotton Tricotine. French
Cords and Honeycomb Cloth.
Abo?-A ycry extensive collec?
tion of new Wafth Skirt? at
2.95, 3.95, 5.00 up to 9.75
Naturally Wavy
SWITCHES
Special
At $5
Fine wavy switches
made of the best quality
naturally wavy hair, in
all shades except Grey.
Expert attendants will
properly match your hair
and instruct you in the
newest coiffure arrange?
ments.'
Third Floor.
Terry Cloth
Bath Robes
At $4.95
?Jf Nothing like them in
New York at the price.
Smart stripings and Jac
qard effects. Fifth Floor.
Summer's Newest Suits
for Women
of Taffeta or Pongee
at $29.50
Paris has created for Sum?
mer, Suits more charming,
more winsome than ever.
We have reproduced the
most exquisite models and
offer them today at this very
low price.
They are in Smart Box,
Belted and Blouse Effects
Some with embroidered
Gilets in contrasting color.
You must see them to appre?
ciate their marked original?
ity. Sizes 34 to 44.
Fourth Floor.
For Monday Only?
Women's Smart Sports
Velveteen
Only a very important
purchase of a well
known manufacturer's
surplus stock could
make such an offering
possible. Not one coat
in the collection can be
duplicated at this price,
and the styles are the
most individual created
for the present season.
Fashioned of fine quality Velveteen, Satin Sultan,
and Francais Satin
Sizes 84 to 46. Owe as pictured.
Fourth Floor.
Today and Tuesday?A Remarkable
Corsets at Reduced Prices
All light weight Summer models, made of the bal?
ance on hand of materials of the highest grades. In?
cluded are styles for medium and slim girlish figures.
Corsets Regularly $3.50.Special $2.00
Corsets Regularly $5.Special 2.45
Corsets Regularly $6.Special 2.79
Corsets Regularly $7.Special 3.65
Third Floor.
Nothing Like Them in Nerv York
Women's
at $4.95
Splendid selection of styles.
Slip-on or one-piece effects with
tights attached, made of ail
worsted. Also m?re dressy styles
in Silk Poplin, Surf Satin, and
All Satin in slip-on and belted
styles. Colors: Black and Navy
Blue with contrasting trimming.
One style pictured.
Fourth Floor.
Today?On the Fourth Floor
A Sale of
600 Children's Colored
Dresses at $1.95
Sizes 2 to 6 years
Two cunning models
for little tots. One in
Empire effect, careful?
ly made of figured
lawn, with hemstitched
white lawn collar.
The second model is
made of dainty checked
Gingham, with White
Pique collar and cuffs
trimmed with hand
stitchery.
At $1.95?-Without Competition!
Dainty, Crisp, Cool
RRI
light of weight and most exquisitely fashioned
Priced Very Low To-day and Tuesday
Smart Bloomers in a variety of charming styles, made
of Batiste, Cotton Crepe and Seco Silk. .Special .50, $1, $2
Nightgowns of sheer nainsook. Cool and very service?
able, trimmed with lace or embroidery.Special at $t
Fine Batiste Nightgowns in white, pink, or blue,
trimmed with hand featherstitching or hand embroidery
in contrasting color.Special, $1.50
Cotton Crepe Nightgowns in simple tailored model.
White with colored stitching.Special, $1.50
Cotton Crepe Nightgowns of superior quality, in white
or pink, with hand featherstitching.Special, $2
White Petticoats, beautifully made of Cambric, trimmed
with lace or embroidery. Some with double panels.
Special, $1, $1,50, $2.00
Washable Satin Shadowproof Petticoats?in straight
line model with double panel back and front, finished at
bottom with deep embroidered scallop.Special $i
Third Floor.
Monday and Tuesday
An Important Specia)
ale of Boys' Wash
Suits
A better aggregation of cool, Summer Wash Suits
could not be assembled. The styles teem with youthful
style innovations?many exclusive with Saks & Company
?and the materials are of the type that come from the
laundry as spic and span as the day they left the loom.
Excellent variety of color effects, including
Plain ?Colors, Striping? and Snappy Com?
binations. Sizes 212 to 8 years
Second Floor. ?