New-York tribune. [volume], January 04, 1920, Page 4, Image 4

About New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924

Image provided by: Library of Congress, Washington, DC

                
32 Air Raids
Caused Great
London Loss
Hundreds Killed or Injured
and $7,500,000 Property
Loss Is Estimated as the
Result of War Bombing
Details Becoming Public
Constabulary Given Credit
for Heroic Work During
Visits of Foe's Aircraft
New York Tribun?
foreign Pre?? Bureau
LONDON, Dec. 12.?"In the fullness
?f time the authorities of the depart?
ment whose business it is may, in an
adequate official publication, tell Lon?
doners the full story of the air raids,"
writes Colonel W. T. Reay, 0. B. E, in
?The London Telegraph." "So far, the
only details vouchsafed, besides an offi?
cial statement of figures, are those con?
tained in the admirable review of the
work of units ander his command, writ?
ten by Lieutenant Commander S. Sla
den, R. N., who lately retired from the
control of the London Fire Brigade.
Even this document is not in print for
publie purchase or circulation, but the
newspapers have given extracts from
It, to the enlightenment of citizens.
For the people were kept in ignorance
during the war, lest publication would
prove guiding knowledge to an enemy
anxious to correct his mistakes and
thus reach objectives which he almost
Invariably missed.
"Good reasons are given by Com?
mander Sladen for the view that it was
the purpose of the enemy to burn Lon?
don. We may all agree with the com?
mander and still think that the enemy's
design was also to kill for the sake of
the killing, and, of course, to create
panic. To make the British capital un?
tenable for its own people, to keep the
population in a continuous state of
alarm, to dislocate its industry, and to
establish in these concurrent circum?
stances the conditions under which the
scourged and beaten Briton would gra?
ciously ask permission to kiss the
chastening hand of the awful Kaiser?>
may one not assume this to be a rough
outline of the pleasant Potsdam pro?
gram?
London Police Praised
"The Special Constabulary of Lon?
don had the much-prized honor of
standing between the enemy and some
of his purposes. While the soldier at
his gun station or in the air faced the
invader, checked him at the nation's
gateways and beat him off if he got
through into its home; while the gal?
lant nrernen guaranteed that our sav?
age foe would not be permitted to
born us out?to both efforts the Spe?
cial Constabulary observation posts
valuably contributed?and, while the
ambulance service did its noble work
of saving life and ameliorating'pain,
the police force, regular and auxiliary,
in every nook and corner of the 700
square miles of the metropolitan dis?
trict, gave to the citizens just that
help, assurance and comfort which the
circumstances called for. Gave it at
all costs and regardless of personal
peril from bombs or shrapnel, when
the call was to the blood of the race?
quite in the same spirit as the soldier
gave service and faced death in the
field of battle.
One Million in Shelters
There were in all thirty-two actual
raids on London, but the enemy's air?
craft crossed the south or southeast
coast more than eighty times. Eighty
six official warnings went out, and on a
number of other occasions command?
ers and station chiefs were called to
their posts, for the portents were ad?
verse and the need for speedy mobili?
zation was considered probable. Mobi?
lization meant, in anticipation of the
"take cover" order, manning the shel?
ters, the aggregate of which, in the
metropolitan police area, we estimate
at about 1,700, while the approximate
number of people they would hold we
may safely put at 1,500,000.
"One would not be far out in assum?
ing that on a raid night something
like a million of people used these
?belters. There were warnings (first
? ;
stage) and mobilization (second i
stage) on nights when no "take
cover" order (third stage) was found
necessary, the enemy having been
driven off. But if we reached the third
stage, then from 22,000 to 24,000 spe?
cial constables would be on duty, for,
in addition to the men of the divisions
and the headquarters units, the L. G. O.
detachment mustered its full strength,
while some 1,800 men of the General
Postoffice detachment, more than
600 serving in the Office of Works and
almost the whole strength, about 2,500,
of the private firms' attested men, were
at their posts.
"As all know, dark nights were the
likely ones for the Zeppelins,* while
moonlight favored the airplanes. Given
fair weather, then, once the enemy got
going with both classes of machines
neither darkness nor light was in it?
self security against his coming. On
fifty-eight of the eighty-six occasions
when official warnings went to the spe?
cial constabulary there was a general
order to mobilize.
In Early Zeppelin Days
"The enemy had on seven occasions
dropped bombs in England before any
of the Zeppelins with which he opened
his campaign penetrated into the
metropolitan police district. On the
dark night of May 31-June 1, 1915,
from the northeast, the first airship
came through. Seven people were
killed and thirty-five injured in this
raid, which damaged the railway goods
?depot at Bishopsgate (City). The divi?
sions more directly affected were H,
J, K and N. Two bombs fell at Ley
tonstone (J), without doing serious
damage. (On two later occasions the
town had a similar experience.) No
fewer than twenty-five bombs fell be?
tween High Street, Shoreditch, and
Christian and Ducket streets, Etepney,
where two people were killed and ten
injured. Much damage was done to
Eroperty. In seven thoroughfares of
toke Newington the enemy left his
mark. Three of the ten bombs which
excluded in the locality landed in
Cowper Road, killed two people and
damaged three dwellings. In other
streets of Stoke Newington five citi?
zens were injured and house property
was damaged. Kent and Essex were
visited on the nights of June 4-5 and
eight people were injured,\and on
August 12-13 Essex got some Bombs in
a raid which killed six and injured
twenty-four people. On the night o?
August 1,7-18 Kent, Essex and London
suffered. \
Eighteen Killed in Raid
"A raid on the night of September 7-?
was a bad one for the Southeastern dis?
trict. Eighteen people were killed and
thirty-eight injured, while a good deal
of house property was destroyed. Th<
hall of the Worshipful Company oi
Butchers, in Bartholomew Close, was
wrecked, and among the places dam
aged were the examination hall of th<
Royal College of Physicians and Sur
geons, Holborn; the Benchers' Build
ings, Gray's Inn Road; and Farringdoi
Street Railway Station. Bombs wer?
distributed over the northern portion:
of R and P divisions, the localities di
rectly affected being Woolwich, Green
wich and Deptford (where .damage wa
done to the Council Chamber and th<
London County Council School)
Blackheath, Clifton Hill, Bermondse;
and New Cross (where a section of th
permanent way on the line to Brightoi
? was broken up). In getting away th
raiders seem to have hurriedly un
loaded, as fifty-one bombs were throw:
in the north border district, on Enfiel
Highway and Cheshunt. Twelve of th
greenhouses?fitting outposts of th
"Fort of London"?in this lovely pai
of the metropolis were damaged, an
ninety small houses, but the resident
escaped personal injury.
Made Second Visit
"The raiders had merely said 'A
revoir!' for they were back at 1
o'clock the same night (September 8
when they dropped twenty-eight it
cendlary and twenty-one explosh
bombs, killed twenty-six people, it
jured ninety-four others and damage
386 sets of premises. The City c
London got it badly that night. Mi
terial damage estimated at not lee
than $7,500,000 was done, as the it
cendiary bombs caused several fire
and rich warehouses were burnt ou
"Four bombs fell within E Dlvisloi
The Penny Bank at Holborn was hi
three people being killed. A bom
passed through the roof of a baker
shop and buried itself in sacks of floi
in the basement without explodin
Another fell in High Street, Shor?
ditch (H), wrecked an omnibus at
killed six and injured twelve peopl
This missile did considerable damaj
to the water, gas and electric mail
and to adjacent buildings. The rai?
ers got to Essex on the nights of Se
tember 11-12 and 12-13. There we:
no casualties.
In the Strand Area
"Then the moon checked the Zepp
lin depredations, and it was not um
the dark night of October 13-14 th
enemy air machines were again hea
over London. No fewer than sevent
one people were killed in this rai
while the injured numbered 128.
.fr_--M___________a?ta-____l_M
?F Announcing ^?
W Maxons Semi-Annual |
? CLEARANCE SALE 1
| COMMENCING Monday. I
1] f January 5, all the wonderful |!
Jj ^"^ collections of Maxon's exquisite i
/ Model Street Dresses?Afternoon, N
| Dinner and Evening Gowns?Dance |
I Frocks?Plain Tailored Suits?? 1
I Elaborate Suits ? Day Coats-? 1
w Wrapt?will be offered %
\ AT COST & BELOW COST \
I The ?tecks are too large, the cott tune? too |
j wtuwirouihr charming, and the pricing* too |
I ?u-pri-efufly low, to enable tu to be ?pecific. |
U So we -hall My merely that, daring this tale, H
A one cea obtain at Maxon? j
(I "ThreeUnuqtalCostumesat ihe Usual Price of One*'
II ?because they jure Models?Samples.
?MaXdnModelGpwns
I 1587 Broadway at 48th St.
JI One Plight Up~El**?Un or %l?iro>ay_ Jj
Division got the full force of the
enemy's venom. Seventeen persons
were killed and twenty-one injured in
Wellington Street; three were killed
and fifteen injured outside the Strand
Theater. Bombs fell round about the
island on which stands the office of
"The Morning Post," Strand. The Ly?
ceum Theater, the Strand Theater and
the Victoria Club were all damaged.
The enemy's hatred of the law ap?
peared to be exemplified in this raid,
for the Law Courts were damaged on
the west front and the new extension.
"There were no more visits that year,
but early in 1916 the enemy was back
in England. He reached Kent on March
5-6, and Essex on March 31, but there
were not, we think, any casualties. On
April 2-3 Zeppelins again got to Lon?
don. In that raid the Germans.killed
thirteen and injured twenty-four of our
people, the victims falling at widely
separated points in a murderous prog?
ress from the coast. It might easily
have been worse, but no fewer than
ninety of the bombs fell on open
ground at Waltham Holy Cross (N
Division). A farmhouse there was
slightly damaged and some gratuitous
plowing done. The Midland counties
had several visits before, on April 25
26, London was again reached?in a
raid which did personal injury to only
one citizen. On the next night the
enemy was in Kent, and unloaded his
stuff with his accustomed glee, without,
however, killing or injuring anybody.
Then followed a succession of raids in
the Northern counties and in Scotland
before, on August II, and again on the
following night, the raiders were back
in Kent, neither visit being marked by
a casualty.
"In the smaii hours of August 25 the
enemy scored against us. He killed
twenty-four and injured forty people,
besides doing much damage to prop?
erty. His first missile was dropped in
London at 1:30 a. m. and he threw
altogether eleven explosive and forty
two incendiary bombs, damaging 163
sets of premises in the south and
southeastern parts of the metropolitan
district. R division had by far the
worst of this. Bombs fell at Green?
wich, Blackheath (where two persone
were killed), Plumstead, Eltham and
Deptford. Greenwich Road railway
station was completely demolished.
Among the killed were fifteen soldieri
in an army service depot at Deptford
At Mill Hill four persons were killed
In one of the dweUings destroyed al
Eltham the five occupants, including s
father and mother and their little
daughter (aged ten), were killed. ?
number, of Eltham people werebadlj
hurt and were taken to the hospital
An explosive bomb damaged a resi?
dence on Shooter's Hill. Some Dept
fordgreen buildings were affected
among those hit being St. Nicholas'i
Church.
"On September 2-3 the enemy agalr
reached London. Four people wer?
killed and twelve injured, but it proved
a costly adventure for the invader, as
one of the machines was brought down
at Cuffley. Y division will always be
specially remembered because of the
Zeppelins destroved within its terri
teory?one at Cuffey, another at Pot?
ters Bar. Each was a big occasion in
the division's history arid on each a
prompt and spirited service, precisely
of the kind required, was given. There
is no unit at Cuffley, but the Enfield,
Potters Bar and East Barnet men were
quickly oh the ground and comrades
from other stations were at their
heels, for the whole division strength
was on duty.
"Rarely has there been such a night
in London, which went well-nigh mad
with joy and satisfaction at the com?
plete success of the intrepid Captain
Leefe Robinson's attack on the huge
airship. She carried a crew of six?
teen, all of whom were killed. The
police work at Cuffley itself was
strenuous enough on the spot and
lasted long after a military detach?
ment had taken local charge. It needed
all the rest of the available men of
Y, reinforced by the Headquarters
Central Detachment, and by detach?
ments from other divisions, to keep the
thoroughfares. For that night all road.
led to a scene which had an irresis?
tible attraction for the whole London
world and all the vehicles that world
could muster. For days?perhaps we
should say for weeks?it was much the
same, long after the dead Germans had
been buried and the ghastly d?bris
got out of sight.
"Disastrous to us was the Zeppelin
raid on Sunday morning, September 24,
when forty lives were lost and 130 peo?
ple were injured. On that occasion
forty-two incendiary and twenty-five
explosive bombs were dropped within
the metropolitan area, and damage was
done to 219 sets of premises. The
enemy came from the South, and W
Division suffered most.
Division suffered most. The Zeppelins
were over London again on the night of
October 1-2, and once more a machine?
navigated by the German expert Matthi
?was brought down in Y Division, this
time at Potter's Bar. Matthi and his
crew of eighteen all perished.
"That the enemy could, in conditions
favoring him, reach London in an aero?
plane by daylight he demonstrated on
November 28. Only one machine came.
It dropped bombs near Victoria Station
(A Division), and got away scathless.
Little damage was done, and we had
no further visits that year."
Pershing's Holiday Ended
LINCOLN, Neb., Jan. 3.?General
John J. Pershing concluded a ten
day holiday visit with his family here
to-day when with members of his staff
he left for Chicago to resume his in?
spection tour of army posts.
Militions in Whisky
Shipped Here for
Export to Germany
Louisville Company Still
Has Large Supply Left;
Last of Liquor Must Reach
New York by January 9
'Sp?cial Correspondence
LEXINGTON, Ky., Jan. 3.--Fihal
shipment was made to-night to New
York from the James E. Pepper dis?
tillery here of 10,500 cases and 1,600
barrels of whisky, valued at $47 a case
?the price at which the Pepper Com?
pany had intended to market it if the
prohibition ban had been lifted. The
whisky is to be sent to Hamburg, Ger?
many.
The company has left in bond 20,000
?cases and about 2,600 barrels of liquor,
which will be practically worthless
unless legislation is enacted by the
government providing for its disposi?
tion. Kentucky distillers have about
30,000,000 gallons left on hand, worth
almost any figure that can be put on
it. About 6,600 barrels have been
shipped from Louisville since the ex?
port movement began. Forty carloads
were sent out by a pool formed in
Louisville, of which the Kentucky Dis?
tilleries and Warehouse Company was
? a part.
The car service bureau of the rail?
road administration was notified that
the financial interests at New York
behind the export movement will not
accept whisky after January 9.
This means that none can be sent
from here after Monday night, as it
requires at least four days to get the
whisky to New York.
Aside from the pooled whisky, which
was originally intended to comprise
3,000 barrels, individual shipments are
being made hy dealers, but the aggre?
gate is not extensive. A large amount
of whisky is being shipped to New
Orleans and other Southern ports for
transfer to Cuba and other points.
? i, ? ....
Greek King Breaks Ankle
ATHENS, Jan. 3.?King Alexander
fell while practicing jumping yesterday
and broke his ankle. He will b? forced
to remain in bed a month, according to
his physicians.
N. Y. Banks Back Loan
Of $5,500,000 to China
First Installment Arranged, With
Lien Against Tobacco and
Wine Administration
PEKING, Jan. 3.?An American loan
of $5,500,000 has been advanced to
China by the Pacific Development
Company, of New York, with the sup?
port of some of the principal banking
institutions of that city. Under the
terms of the loan a lien is placed
against the revenues of the tobacco
and wine administration, and C. Will?
iams, Chinese secretary of the Ameri?
can Legation here, has been appointed
co-director of this department. This
administration is now on the same
basis as the customs and salt revenues,
but under American supervision.
WASHINGTON, Jan. 3. ? It was
learned to-day that the loan of $5,600,
000 granted to China is the first of
several installments of a $30,000,000
loan originally arranged by a Chicago
bank. Other installments are to follow
if conditions in China warrant.
U. S. Gold Output in
1919 Short $10,157,900
California Led in Production
With 840,758 Ounces of
Precious Metal
WASHINGTON, Jan. 3.?Gold ' pro?
duction in the United States during
1919 was less by $10,157,900 than the
1918 output, according to a statement
issued here to-night. In 1919 there
were 2,829,395 fine ounces of gold, val?
ued at $58,488,800, produced in the
country.
California led in gold production
with 840,758 ounces, Colorado was next
with 470,908 ounces and Alaska third
with 437,131.
Silver production in 1919 amounted
to 55,285,196 ounces, valued at $61,966,
412, representing a reduction of 12,524,
943 ounces, compared with the 1918
output.
?
Baker Gives Up Plan to
Buy Caldwell Rifle Range
WASHINGTON, Jan. 3.?Abandon?
ment of plans for the purchase of the
army rifle range site at Caldwell, N.
J., was recommended to Chariman
Wadsworth of the Senate Military
Committee to-day by Secretary Baker.
The Secretary said the land was so
swampy that the cost of drainage
would be prohibitive.
J^?^CU^RTWHITE $?jf??
of
J?JTTJ?E otV?T>03^
s ?? uses
$2.85
T WOULD BE WISE OF THE PATRONS AND
CASUAL VISITORS Tp THE AVEDON SHOPS
TO REALIZE THAT THIS BLOUSE SALE OCCURS
ONLY ONCE A YEAR.. THE DESIGNING AND
TAILORING. OF THE WAISTS FOR THIS OCCASION IS
GIVEN MARKED ATTENTION, AND DURING MANY
MONTHS THE MARKET IS. CAREFULLY WATCHED AND
OPPORTUNE PURCHASES OF MATERIALS ARE MADNE.
CHOICE OF TWELVE AVEDON STYLES IN BATISTE,
MADRAS, AND STRIPED OR CHECKED DIMITY.
44ft Fifth Av?nm
?t Fortieth Street
34 th Street at
Madison Avenue
A Pleasant Place to Know About,
Fur Sale
Extraordinary
Notwithstanding the increasing cost of peltry and
the prospect for continued advancement, we shall
follow our established custom not to canry over
goods from one season to another and offer our
entire stock of superior quality
Fur Garments and Small Furs
at prices regardless of cost or present value
Leopard Skin Short Coat
Nutria Shawl Collar,
Border and Cuffs
Hudson Seal Coat
Box Model 28 Inches Long
Natural Hair Seal Cape
Hudson Seal Collar
and Inserted Border
Hudson Seal Short Coat
Sable Squirrel Sleeves,
Collar and Stole Ends
'250
285
350
400
450
Scotch Mole Coat
Hudson Seal Collar,
Cuffs and Facing
French Caracul Kid Dolman
Hudson Seal Cape Collar, /T/l/1
Border and Cuffs DUU
Hudson Seal Coat --^
Cape Collar with Skunk Border DDU
Scotch Mole Wrap
Crushed Cape Collar ?- Cf\
Wide Border Taupe Fox DDU
Natural Siberian Squirrel Wrap
Extra Dark Blue Skins 7C/1
Unique peltry development /DU
Baby Caracul Coat
Deep Kolinsky? Collar, G7?Z
Facing and Cuffs y / D
Separate Scarfs
Natural Mink SmgieAnim?i $27
BrOWn FOX Animal Effect 45
Kitt FOX Two Skin Animal 65
Topped Russian Sable single Animal 75
Natural Fisher Animai scarf 150
Blended Jap Marten Stole su s^ 225
Matched Sets
Scotch Mole Muff and Scarf $65
Natural Raccoon .65
Hudson Seal . 75
Caracul . 85
_*_
Initial Showing of
Advanced Spring Models
for the
Winter Resorts
brought over by our
?, Mr, /. C. Kurzman
who just returned from Paris
Trimmed Hats
Evening Gowns and Wraps
Daytime Dresses and Coats