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Labor Demands To Cost Roads Over a Billion Men Will Ask Flat Increases in Wages and "Equal izations" to Restore All the Former Relationships U. S. Methods Assailed Centralized Control De? clared Direct Cause of Tangle in Salary Issue By Stanley Frost ... fo?ai Dtspatch to The Tribune WASHINGTON* March 5.?None of th? mosses bequeathed by tho govern? ment of the private owners of the rail? roads furnishes more complicated, more pressing or more vital problems than that involving labor. In spite of increases amounting to more than a billion dollars, tha employees are se? riously dissatisfied. They believe tho increase has not been encugh to en? able them to keep up with the in? creased cost of living and that tho long-standing schedules which havo for years marked the gradings' in skill have been disarranged. Tho roads now face a demand not only for flat increases that will cost hundreds of millions, but for "equalizations'' to restore the old relationships that will cost more hundreds of millions. What the total demanded by tho employees amount., to no one can say exactly, but it is well above a billion dollars. No one can tell exactly, either, what tho increases have been. The total _f 1919 over 1917 was close to $1,100,000, 000, or an average o a little more than 53 per cent for each man, based on the wage scales. But the actual earnings of the men did not increase quite so much, owing to tho introduc? tion of the eight-hour day. Their In? creases averaged about 45.3 per cent. Centralized Control Harmful The rate increases which were put in to meet the wage increases havo done so. But wages have increased faster than other costs, as is shown by the proportion of the operating expenses which was paid out in wages. The normal for a long time beforo 1914 was about 60 per cent. By 1916 this had risen to 62 per cent, owing to the fact that wages were then going up and rates were not. In 1917 it dropped a little, but when the wage in creases went in in 1918 it rose to 66 per cent. Last year it was again a littl lower, but since 1914 wages have been absorbing an increased share of the cost of running the roads. The centralized control which the government had over the roads was a direct cause of the tangle into which the wage scales have fallen. The gov? ernment could not pay more in one part of the country than in another for the same work, and the result was that the increases varied widely in different places. Flat Kate Called an Evil Another evil of the government con? trol, as it worked out, was the flat rate increase scheme. It was perhaps the only system possible. The question was pressing, railroad pay schedules are extremely complicated, and for a single commission, sitting in Washing ton, to attempt to handle these foi more than 000 roads was beyond reason. The system started with a flat in crease of 43 per cent for all men get? ting $46 a month or less and tapered down to an increase of 4.56 per cent for those getting $240. Above that point, enough dollars were added to bring the total to $250, which was the maximum. Later, different yuppie mental orders were sent out in at? tempts to correct some of the most glaring inequalities of result, but there were mistakes in these, too, and the men who were- left behind were more resentful than others. Here are a few of the results of this system: Passenger engineers got an increase of 30 per cent, while the fireman on the other side of the boiler got 63 per cent The conductor on the same train got :t0 per cent, his brakemnn got ?S pe? cent, and the baggage smasher got 61 ? per cent. Approximately the same scale ran through all the trainmen's schedules. In some cases the firemen were actually drawing more pay that the engineers and would have lost money if they had been so unfortunate as to be promoted to the throttle. Wage Issues Showed Mistake In other places the man who squirtec paint from an air-brush on the outsidt of a box-car was drawing more monej ^han the skilled cabinetmaker who re paired the interior of Pullmans, "Of tho different things ? encoun tered which satisfied me that Federa operation of the railroads would be ar economic mistake," declared Carl It Ciray, director of operation at the timt these increases went into effect, "th< wage situation was the most effective.' He pointed out as wages must be or a Ifvel the government could not raisi those in a particular district where la bor happens to be scarce without rais ing them for the whole country. Another indication of the inequalitie: of the wage increases is the wide rang through which they go. The genera officers have lost 7 per cent of thei pre-war scale. The engineers and con ductors gained about 30 per cent. Th. bulk of the shopmen and the sectioi men got from 60 to 70 per cent raise But the country station agent-telegra phers, the employees about the vard and the switch tenders all got over 10 per cent. This is for the period of gov emment control alone. Increase in Men Necessary The shortening of the hours of lnbo to eight has forced a big increase i the number of employees, nearl 250,000, but it has cost comparative!, little in cash, for practically all rail road men are paid by the hour or b mileage, so that the total amount pai out was not affected by the short da except in a few cases. One of thes was the overtime pay, which is set a timo and a half. But the men ave rag only six minutes a day overtime, s this amounts to little. The cases tha count most were those where thre men had to take the places of two, u on grade crossings. But the total cot of these things will not run above few millions out of the billion increase The lessening of production is at other matter, and one that does m show on the pay roll. There are man reasons for shortening hours, but th fact stands out that at the time whe increased production was being d< manded all along the line the produ( tion of railroad labor was decreased 1 per cent per man by the shortening c the day. Boards Will Act The first attempt to straighten on tho wage. tangle will probably be mad by boards composed of employers an employees only, without represante tives of the public, during the tim when tho tri-partisan boards provide by the new transportation, act are bt ing organized. These boards will pas finally on any decisions reached. ? Under the new law, of course, an: wage increases will be passed along t ihe public, through increased ratas, ? the Interstate Commerce Commfssioi ltves'^p to the provision instructing i ta fix rate? which will yield tha road a fair return. The Labor Board has the power, to protect the public, of vetoing wage increases which may be agreed upon by both employers and employees. Under tho law, too, there can be no decreases in pay before Sep? tember 1, 1920, so any "'equalization" that is done will have to be upward. There seems little doubt that very con? siderable increases will be granted. Correction?A telegraphic error in the article published March 2 resulted in the statement, in a sentence intend? ed to show the increased efficiency un? der government control, that there were only 46,950 "delayed loads" on January 1, 1918, when the government took hold. The fact is that there were 148,810 such loads on that date, after the worst operating month in the his? tory of railroading. The relations of the wages of railroad cynployees to the cost of living and to increases in other trades, with their bearing on the justice of demands for a furtlter increase, will be discussed in the next article. Rail Heads Appoint Men to Confer With Unions on Salaries Hines Likely to Call the First Session of the Bi? partisan Wage Conference to Meet Next Wednesday Ten railroad officials, who at the sug? gestion of President Wilson are to confer with union officials on new wago scales and working agreements which are to be enforced under the private operation of the railroad?, wero ap? pointed at a meeting yesterday at tho office of the Association of Railway Executives, 61 Broadway. On the day the railroads were released from Fed? eral control the President addressed letters to both employees and employ? ers urging them to appoint committees to settle differences. The unions have not yet appointed their committees. The names of the railroad committee members were forwarded to Walker D. Hines, formerly Director General of Railroads. The committee is composed of C. L. Bardo, of the New York, New Haven & Hartford, chairman; C. E. Bates, of the Delaware &, Hudson; F. E. Blaser, formerly of the Baltimore & Ohio; F. W. Brown, of the Atlantic Coast Line; J.. W. Higgins, of Kailroad Adjusts ment Board, No. 14; A. E. Lindsay, of the New York Central; C. P. Neill, of: the bureau of information of the South- I eastern railroads; Samuel C. Stricland, formerly of the Chicago <& Northwest- j em; A. W. Trenholm, of the Chicago,' St. Paul. Minneapolis & Omaha, and J. G. Walbur, of the bureau of Infor? mation of the Eastern railways. WASHINGTON, March 5.?-Director General Hines probably will call the first session of the bipartisan railway wakro conference to meet here next Wednesday. Following announcement in New York to-day that the rail e'xecu tives had selected their committee, Mr. ; Hines communicated with both employ er and employee spokesmen, tentatively fixing Wednesday for the inital meet ing. There was the possibility, how ever, that the corporations' committee might not be prepared to start negoti? ations on that day, but no change will be considered until next week, when tho executives are expected to advise Mr. Hines as to their readiness. Strike Feeling Strong Anting Maintenance Men Question Hotly Debated by Com? mittees; Decision Will Be Reached at Session Monday CHICAGO, March 5. -Word from the secret sessions of a dozen or more com? mittees, hotly debating the question of strike, to-day caused J. J. Farnan, vice president of the United Brotherhood of Maintenance of Way Men and Railway Laborers, to announce: "There is stronger and stronger talk of strike sentiment among the 400,000 railroad men represented here." Tho various committees are sepa? rated to handle the matter by regions, with instructions to complete their work by Monday, when another general meeting will bo held. It will be de? cided then whether they will givo the compromise bill a trial or strike. The sessions opened here yesterday. "We do not see a single ray of hope in the situation," Farnan said, "but that does not mean that the men can? not bo controlled. "Tho grand lodge officers of the other fourteen railway unions now meeting in Washington.want us to go along with them and try out the ma? chinery devised in the Esch-Cummings bill for settling our difficulties. But you must remember that every class of railway workers except the main? tenance oi way men have received some help in the last two years. We don't know whether the Esch-Cummings bill is our friend or our enemy. "If the grand lodge officers of the other unions, or President Wilson, or ?ttny one else can give us assurance <:hat we will get relief we are willing to go along with them in a general set? tlement. But it looks to all of us as if the whole thing will mean simply more delay and no redress." Lydig Estate Must Pay Tax Court Declares Decedent Was Resident of New York The Appellate Division yesterday sus? tained a decision by Surrogate Cohalan holding that David Lydig, who died in Lenox, Mass., in 1917, was a resident of New York and that his estate must pay a transfer tax here. Justico Page, writing the opinion, said Mr. Lydig was a member of New York clubs, paid his income tax here and was a member of the vestry of St. Mark's Church. It was the contention of the estate that Mr. Lydig was a resi? dent of Massachusetts, where Mrs. Ly ?iig erected a house, which was the family home for several years. "The learned Surrogate," said the higher court, "correctly held that the place of his origin remained the resi? dence of the decedent at the time of his death." Mr. Lydig left $100,000 to his wife, several public institutions also receiving bequests. The decedent's personal property was estimated at $300,000. German Sea Prestige Gone Captain Persius Takes Gloomy View of Shipping Outlook BERLIN, March 5.?Captain Persius, naval expert of the "Berliner Tage? blatt," discussing the position of Ger? many's mercantiie marine, says: \ "It will require much time and pa? tience before we again are able to behold the German merchantman's flag on the high seas." " Captain Persius declares he finds it most depressing to observe the Ameri? can, British and Japanese flags pre? dominant in the port of Hamburg, which is now in the control of foreign shipping interests. He predicts an overabundance of tions as a result of ing activities. tannage tor all na* fiv present build % Seven Pastors Accuse "Dry" League Chief Continued from pave 1 the prosecution will not be examined by the committee or a sub-cornrnTttee. In fact, this has already been done in more than one instance. Clcrgymar? Assails Anderson Numerous letters have been received from clergymen commending the action of the Assembly. One was from the Rev. C. T. Ohlingcr, pastor of a church in Dover, Del., who said that the Anti-Saloon League had attempted to drag the churches into politics. The Rev. Mr. Ohlinger's letter, which was addressed to Assemblyman Cuvillior, read: "I wish to express my approval of your action against the Anti-Saloon League and its insolent agent, Ander? son. Some time ago I wrote a letter to Speaker Sweet protesting against the activities of this man in the State Capitol. I am a resident of Angelica, Allcganj. County, and a taxpayer there. "It is high time some one in the Legislature showed courage to op? pose this organization. It is pos? sessed with the idea that the salva? tion of the woflfci depends on its be? ing made 'dry.' This is plain fanatic? ism. If we tolerate it the last vestige of freedom shall bo taken from us. "From tho enclosed clipping you may learn that not all pastors have gone into hysterics over the dry law. I am a pastor myself and wroto tho same thing to Roper as did Dr.. Davies. I am sending this material to show what is going on. "The Anti-Saloon Leaguo taught government officials how to use the churches for political purposes. "i also wrote to Governor Smith two months ago that Anderson should bo relegated outside of the three mile limit. The man has no business in the state house." Roper's Course Attacked The clipping referred to was an ac? count of a protest made by the Rev. Dr. Henry Davies, pastor of Christ Protestant Episcopal Church, atEaston. Md., to Daniel C. Roper, because oi the latter's "presumptuous request," that the churches aid in ferreting out transgressors of the Enghteenth Amendment. Roper at the time was Commissioner of Internal Revenue and made such request of Dr. Davies. Dr. Davies reply to Commissioner Roper reads: "Though I am not a prohibition? ist and believe that the amendment is so ill advised that it will eventu? ally be repealed, I still shall obey the law as every good American will. When, however, you ask me as a clergyman to sacrifice my private convictions and join with those who have made prohibition a political issue for many years in an effort to enforce their creed on others by po? litical means, I think you are exceed? ing your sphere, and treading on the moral aspect of the question. Pro? hibition used to bo a moral question. It is now one of politics. "You say that the period of debate is past and that the law will be mercilessly enforced by every means within tho power of the government. I think that is the only course that could be pursued. But I protest against the attempt to mix the Church in politics in the endeavor. "This fact will also explain why I should also s.trongly resist the at? tempt to organize a committee on law enforcement in my church, such as you propose in your letter, 'to re? ceive all complaints of violation of la'.*, and to lodge such complaints, together with the evidence, obtained, with the proper authorities.' In this church we arc not accustomed to such intrusion into the private morals and conduct of its numbers, which looks, on the surface ut least, too much like secret service, or worse? spying." State (Dry9 Enforcement Opposed by Gov, Smith \ Federal and Local Authorities ! Should Act, He Says, Explain- \ ing Ending of Excise Staff From a Staff Correspondent ALBANY, March 5. ? Prohibition should be enforced*by the Federal gov? ernment or by local authority, Gov emor Smith said to-day in a memoran dum explaining his elimination from ', the deficiency bill of about $40,000 for special excise agents and attorneys. The money was included in the item for continuing the State Excise De? partment from April 1 to July 1 to finish up its business. Under prohibi? tion the existence of the department terminates then unless legislation is enacted at this session continuing it as an enforcement bureau. "Now that the Federal amendment is in full force," said the Governor, "the question arises as to the regulation by this state of a liquor traffic. There ex? ists no such traffic, and therefore there can be no Justification for the expendi? ture of the money of the state for the regulation of business not prohibited by Federal amendment." Tho Governor said that the legal work of the department to be finished up can be done by the Attorney Gen? eral, for which reason he left in the bill provision for only one of nine at? torneys to act as an adviser. In ex? plaining why he cut out the provision for forty-eight Bpecial agents he said: "Now that the liquor traffic is en? tirely prohibited, prohibition should be enforced either by the Federal govern? ment or by local authority. Complaints hereafter received at the office of the Exijise Commissioner might well be for? warded to the sheriff, district attorney or chief of police in the locality where the complaint arises. It would be the height of nonsense to assume that forty-eight men could do anything toward the enforcement of the prohibi? tion amendment even if it were con? ceded to be the policy of the state to enforce it by employees of the stat. itself." The Governor said it was unfair to leave on the payroll useless and un? necessary employees when asking peo? ple to give direct contribution to the state government through the income tax. He recommended that in the six? teen counties where the statutes pro? vide for special deputy,excise commis? sioners the county treasurers be given the power to transact the business of these commissioners. Anderson Assails Freeman 9s Charges *Wets9 Welcome to Minis? ter's Testimony, Says *Dry9 Leader in Answer William H. Anderson, replying yes terday to the statements of the Rev. William H. Freeman, who has offered to testify against the Anti-Saloon League and Mr. Anderson, said that the "wets" were welcome to what Mr. Freemen will be worth to them when the facts are all in." Mr. Anderson said that statements by Mr. Freeman, a former employee of the league, contained "some falsehood, some belief and some opinion&from A man who never touched the r?'.min istration of the work, and nome truth, which proves that the league demanda as much offlciency in its working staff as is demanded by a business concern and is not running a loafing asylum for individualistic preachers, who want to exploit their own notions at the ex? pense of tho contributions , of the churches." Concerning Mr. Freeman's statement that he was "too sensitive" to under? take the work of personal solicitation, Mr. Anderson says: "A flood of light is thrown on this 'sensitiveness' and on some other things by his statement that he once ran for member of the Assembly on the Democratic ticket and was not willing to solicit for the prohibition cause where h? had done this." Says League Was Supported With reference to the support of the league by the religious denominations, Mr. Anderson says: "Notwithstanding Mr. Freeman's statement about the churches not be? ing behind the Anti-Salcon League, for example the Methodists, the General Conference, supreme body of Meth? odism, specially indorsed the league at its last session at Saratoga Springs and every one of the seven annual con? ferences wholly or largely within the bounds of New York State have in? dorsed it and elected official represen? tatives on tho governing board of the league, as have other denominational bodies. Furthermore, in spite of Mr. Freeman's statement, an official state? ment is sent to every church in the ordinary course of business as to the subscriptions received at the service given by it. "The extent of Mr. Freeman's slan i ?1er upon men, many of whom have de i clined offers of considerably more money than they were receiving from tho league, and all of whom work in? finitely harder than he was willing to do, is further seen in the fact that it remained for him, as an apostle of pur? ity and light, to attempt to come to the rescue of tho 'wets' in an effort to dis? credit the league at a time when pro? hibition enforcement itself is at stake. "An honorable, self-respecting min? ister would have gone to the state synod of his own denomination, which last fall heartily indorse?: the league, an/I laid his facts before this state body of the Presbyterian churches for their protection, if they needed any. The truth is, he knew the pastors of the churches supporting the league would have laughed at him and that tho only way he could get attention for his stuff was to peddle it to some 'wet' politicians who have been obli? vious to what we have always frankly admitted. , "The material things we know re ! specting Mr. Freeman's value as a wit? ness will be held till the trial, if there is one. The 'wets' are welcome to what Mr. Freeman will be worth to them when the facts are all in." It is understood that Mr. Freeman was living in Johnstown when he ran on the Democratic ticket for member of the Assembly. Allen Says New Court Makes Kansas a Mecca Industrial Tribunal Hailed as Real Solution of Labor Problems Governor Henry J. Allen of Kansas last night told 300 members of the League to Enforce Industrial Peace of the. workings of the new Court of In? dustrial Relations recently established in his home state. The occasion was the league's annual dinner at the Wal? dorf. The industrial court, Governor Allen said, was the direct outcome of the bituminous coal strike of November last. It was composed of three men who represented neither capital nor labor, but held the balance of tho pub? lic interest between both classes. Tho new law would make Kanpas an industrial Mecca, Governor Allen caid, and he added that after it had been on the statute books for a year its best friends will be found in the ranks of union labor. The regulation of strikes liad not. done away with the right to strike, lu: said, neither had it done away with collective bargaining, but rather it had legalized it. Governor John J. Cornwell of West Virginia attacked radicalism in the ranks of union labor, which if success ful, he said, would lead to domination of the country by an autocratic labor minority. Daniel Davenport, general counsel of the league, who was tpastmaster, said organized labor was teaching its mem? bers to disregard all legal procedures aimed to stop unauthorized strikes ?a step which he said was as revolution? ary as anything L?nine or Trotzky ever had proposed. He also attacked the American Federation of Labor, which he said was as radical as any organiza? tion of labor could be. "It makes me tired," Mr. Davenport said, "fo?hear people talk about the conservatism of tho American Federa? tion of Labor and its leader, Samuel Gompers." Motion Picture Reforms Planned by Presbyterians Will Condemn Films Character? ized as a Menace to Child Welfare Reform of motion pictures is planned by the Presbyterian Board of Temper? ance and Moral Welfare, which an? nounced yesterday a "white list" of ap? proved pictures would be issued from time to time, in an effort to condemn pictures characterized as a menace to child welfare and a cause of juvenile delinquency. The Rev. Walter A. Hen ricks, of Portsmouth, Va., has been ap? pointed to take charge of this work. "We do not intend 10 crusade wildly against motion pictures," said Dr. Charles Scanlon, general secretary of the Presbyterian board. "They are an established force and our aim will be to make them more of a power for good and, by a campaign of education and activity, remove their evil features and tendencies." The board also appointed William Henry Moyer, formerly warden of the Federal prison at Atlanta and of Sing Sing Prison, and the Rev. Edward V. Ruskin, of Lawrence, Kan., special com? missioners to work among the inmates of prisons in the United States and Canada. Presbyterian Union Fails Conference of Four Branches Ends in Disagreement ATLANTIC CITY, March 5.?Repre? sentatives of the Presbyterian Church North, the Presbyterian Church South, the Reformed Pr?sbyterian Church and the United Presbyterian Church failed to reach an agreement on the basic principles for proposed union of the four branches of the Church in North America at their conference here, which closed to-day. The controversy ranged around five points, the form of whiph was not dis? closed, but it was stated that the senti? ment was strong for "orthodoxy" in the creed of the united church. The Rev. Dr. Marquis, a former mod orator of the Presbyterjan Church North, stated after the conference that the Church North wanted one solid church structure, while the opposition favored a regional church. Funeral of George D. Smith Funeral services for George D. Smith, internationally known book dealer, who died from heart disease while sitting at his desk in his office, 8 East Forty-fifth Street, Thursday, will take place at the Funeral Church, Broadway and Sixty-sixth Street, to? morrow in Woodlawn. Interment will be in Woodlawn Cemetery, Anderson Says Catholics Are 'Dry' Law Foes Anti-Saloon League Head Attacks Archbishop Hayes in Letter to Protestant Pastors Throughout City Links Church toTammany ? .". ? Begs Clergymen to Write Assembly to Accord Him "Fair Play" at Inquiry i - William H. Anderson, state super? intendent of the Anti-Saloon League, attacked Catholics yesterday in a letter which he sent to Protestant clergymen, urging them to uphold prohibition and telegraph to their Assemblymen. His letter is headed "Catholic-Tammany Effort to Break Down 'Protestant Vic? tory' for Prohibition." In tho letter the election of County Judge Reuben L. Haskell, In Brooklyn, is described as a "successful assault by Catholics on law and order." Attacks Archbishop The alleged refusal of Archbishop Hayes to send a representative to "the law and order meeting" of the Anti Saloon League he calls "astounding." ? In a parenthetic reference to the "Tam i many-dominated Democratic Conven I tion'* Mr. Anderson whispers: "You un I dorstand Tammany's religious affilia? tions." Protestant clergymen havo upheld prohibition "w'ith very little help in this Eastern country from Catholics," according to Mr. Anderson. He says that the Catholics are jealous because Prot? estants are going to get tho credit for prohibition, and urges every Protestant clergyman to send to the Assembly a te.efeia'm demanding fair play for Mr. Anderson in tho investigation which the Assembly is going to make into the affairs of the Anti-Saloon League. He submits the following model as a good one to follow in framing such messages: Dictates Model Letter "We are not fooled on prohibition enforcement by disturbance over An? derson investigation, but want results. We a.k no favors for Anderson, who can take care of himself. But you and the party will be held responsible if the league as our agent is not given fair treatment." Archbishop Hayes was not at home ! last night, and it was said that no re? sponse to Mr. Anderson in behalf of j | the Catholic Church would be made ! I until his return. Revenue Agents Arrest Two as Impersonators j Saloon Man Says Pair Threat? ened Him for Selling Liquor Daniel J. Keleher, a private detective I ! of Hamilton, Staten Island, and Nich- j : olas Sofield, of 234 West Thirty-fourth Street, were locked up last night in West Thirtieth Street Police Station,1 charged with impersonating Federal [officers. They were arrested at Thir? tieth Street and Eighth Avenue in | front of a saloon run by Michael Mulli gan, by .lames Shevlin and Samuel Mc-, ; Mullen, revenue agents. According to Mulligan, two men en-; tered his saloon Thursday night, said j they were revenue officers and were1 going to arrest him for selling liquor! unless he "came through" with $2,600.1 Mulligan refused and they offered to ! take $1,000 on account and $1,500 later.! The saloonkeeper says ho continued! ! to demur, whereupon one of the men | i jammed a pistol against his stomach j : and ordered him to pay the $1,000. Mulligan asserts he obeyed. Yesterday he informed Shevlin of what had oc , curred, and Shevlin and McMullen ; secreted themselves In His saloon last I evening. They say they saw a man ?vnter and heard Mulligan say he wouldn't pay anything "unless the other fellow came in, too." They followed the man to the street and thero arrested Keleher and Sofield. When searched Keleher had a badge labelled "War Department," a 32-caliber pistol and $100. It is said he was employed during the war as an investigator. Edge and FrelingI ?uysen On Jersey's "Big Four" Chairman Stokes Also Named, but Other Place Is Not Filled TRENTON, March 5.? By a vote o? 29 to 2 a conference of the Republican state committeemen and countv chair? men here to-day approved Senators ! Frelinghuysen and Edge and State Chairman Edward C. Stokes for three of New Jersey's "big four" to the Chi? cago convention. No approval was voted for the fourth place on the slate, although the names of National Committeeman Hamilton Kean, Commissioner Thomas L. Ray? mond, of Newark; Colonel Austen Col? gate, former- United States Attorney General John W. Griggs and former Acting Governor William N. Runyon were mentioned. The action of tho conference is be? lieved certain to precipitate a fight at the Presidential primaries April 27, for former United States Senator David Baird, boss of South .Jersey, has let it be known that he will not consent to the sending of Edge* and Frelinghuysen to the convention under any circum? stances. Most of the Republican leaders in at? tendance Were of the opinion that no women would be chosen either as dele- I gates or alternates, though they ad? mitted some contingency might arise in the next few weeks which would make it advisable tp do so. Hearing Set for Fight On Hughes as Counsel Plea for Injunction to Stop Milliken's "Dry" Activi? ties To Be Decided Special Dispatch to The Tribune AUGUSTA, Me., March 5.?Leslie C. Cornish, chief justice of the Su? preme Judicial Court, to-day fixed March IB for a hearing of the peti? tion entered by Winfield Scott Reed, of Bangor, a member of the House of Representatives, asking an injunction to restrain Governor Milliken from employing Charles E. Hughes as coun? sel for the states opposing Rhode Island's efforts to have the Federal Supreme Court invalidate the na ticnal prohibition amendment. Tho papers have been served on Governor Milliken. The petition objects to th? Gover? nor traveling at the expense of the state from place to place to consult Mr. Hughes or to oppose the action of i the State of Rhode Island. It says that the Attorney General is qualiicd to handle any of the state's legul business and insists that the Federal ' Constitution provides proper officers ' to defend the constitutionality of the ? "dry" amendment. The petition as- i serts that the Governor is not author- i ised to take the qction he has been pursuing. j Rt. Rev. W. F. Adame, Bishop of Easton, Is Dead Born in 1833, His Death Was Due to Infirmities Attendant Upon Old Age EASTON, Md., March 6.~-The Right Rev. William Forbes Adams, second Bishop of tho Protestant Episcopal Dio? cese of Easton, died at his home he?? to-day from infirmities attendent upon old age. Dr. Adams was born at Ennlskillen, Ireland, on January 2, 1833, and was brought to this country by his father at tho age of seven, the family settling in Kentucky, and thence removing to Clarksville, Tenn. He was educated for the bar, but after brief practice turned his attention to theology and became a deacon of the Protestant Episcopal Church in 1859. After serving several churches as rec? tor he was made Missionary Bishop of New Mexico and Arizona in 1875. His resignation of that office was tendered in 1876 and accepted in 1377, his health not permitting his continuance in its arduous labors. He then became rector of a church at Vicksburg, Miss., and there remained until 1887, when he was elected Bishop of Easton, in succession to the Right Rev. Henry Champlin Lay, first Bishop of that diocese. He received the degrees of D. D. from St. John's College, Md.; D. C. L. from the University of the South, and LL. D. from Washington College, Md. ? Warren B. Hooker, Former Supreme Court Justice, Dead BUFFALO, March 5.?Warren B. Hooker, former Justice of the State Supreme Court, died suddenly in Fre donia yesterday. Some years ago Justice Hooker was Republican leader in Chautauqua County, representing the old 34th Con? gressional Distrioi for five terms. He was named by Governor Black to be Justice of the Supremo Court and was re?lected. Governor Odell named him to the Appellate Division in 1902. Since his retirement from the bench in 1913 he had lived at Fredonia. After his ascent to the bench Justice Hooker was accused of having used his position as Congressman improperly in the distribution of jobs and contracts. The Legislature held a trial to ?Jeter mine his fitness for the bench, but the proposition in the Assembly for his re? moval did not receive the two-thirds vote necessary and the prosecution failed. Obituary JOSEPH A. MANGIARACINA Lieutenant Joseph A. Mangiaracina, ?twenty-five, of 655 Hart Street, Brook? lyn, assistant surgeon, United States Navy, is dead from appendicitis at Wyckoff Heights Hospital, Brooklyn. He was the first student to enlist from the Bellevue Medical School, and in. April, 1917, volunteered for the United States Navy. In November he was assigned to the U. S. S. Montana, doing convoy duty. He went to Europe in May, 191*8, and was assigned to a base hospital near Paris during the battle of Chateau Thierry. Later he was transferred to the Naval Aviation Corps, and spent some time in Bolsena, near Rome, Italy, where he was at? tached to the American Embassy. He was commended by Secretary Daniels for efficient service in the form of a certificate of appreciation. MRS. SARAH PRESTON HOLMES Mrs. Sarah Preston Holmes, sixty, of r,97 State Street. Brooklyn, a spiritual? istic medium, platform lecturer and worker for the .Church of the Divine Inspiration of that faith in this city, j is dead from carcinoma after a long ? illness. She was widely known for years as an active factor in the spread of spiritualism, and was regarded by ? members of that faith as an excellent medium for communication with the \ spirit world. She is survived by a daughter, a grandson and three sisters. ' COUNTESS JEAN DE SUZANNET j HARTFORD, Conn., March 5.?-Word was received in this city to-day of the death in Paris, France, of Countess Jean de Suzannet. She was the eldest daughter of Mrs. Benjamin Knower, of 360 Laurel Street, and the late Ben? jamin Knower, of Brooklyn. HARRY M. MOFFITT OAKLAND, Calif., March 6.?Harry "VI. Motfitt, forty-seven, chief of the '. United States Secret Service in San j Francisco for the last fifteen years, died here, yesterday. He was widely known because of his activities in ?unning down counterfeiters and had been in the service for twenty-four years. AUGUSTUS FLEMING KING Augustus Fleming King, son of the late Brevet Lieutenant Colonel Corne? lius Low King, U. S. A., died yesterday at his residence, 981 Madison Avenue. Mr. King was a descendant of a fam? ily well known in this city. His grand? father, Charles King, was at one time president of Columbia College, and his great-grandfather, Rufus King, was one of the framers of the Constitution and the second Minister from the United States to England. Mr. King is survived by his widow, Emily Abeel, second daughter of the late Dr. Samuel Cuppers Lyon, and three children. WALLACE L. PIERCE BOSTON, March 5. ? Wallace L. Pierce, president of the S. S. Pierce Company, of this city, importers and grocers, died at his residence here to? day. Ho had been connected with the firm since 1874, MRS. MADELEINE LEE BOSTON, March 5.?Mrs. Madeleine ! Jackson Lee, wife of George C. Lee, of ; Lee, Higginson & Co., bankers, died ' suddenly this afternoon at the Chilton i Club, 152 Commonwealth Avenue, where > she had gone for luncheon. Mrs. Lee before her marriage was j Miss Madeleine Jackson, a daughter of ! James Jackson, a former member of Lee, Higginson & Co. She made her d?but in society in 189f>, and married Mr. Lee two years later. She is sur vived by her husband, three sons, j George jr., a student at Harvard Uni- ? varsity; James J. and Nelson B. Lee; a brother, James Jackson, who is the head of the Metropolitan Chapter of the Red Cross, and a sister, Mrs. Robert H. Hallowell. Obituary Notes MARY CONSTANCE DE SUZANNET, wife of Count Jean de Suzannet and the daughter of the late Benjamin Knower, of this city, died at her home in Paria from influenza Thursday. EARL CONDE RADCLIFFE, thirty, of 1148 St. John's Place, Brooklyn, a Pinkerton detective, died on Wednesday from pneu? monia at St. Mary's Hospital, Brooklyn. Ho is survived by his wife, a son, his mother I and two sisters. MRS. CHARLES H. SMITH, proprietress ? of the Clalrmont House, at Mount Pocono, ! a??* ,18 ^eaa at n*r home in Mount Pocono. .-?he is survived by a daughter, a sister and two brothers. MRS FRANCES CECILE M'CROSBY. wife of Samuel McCrosby, died in the Yon kera Homeopathic Hospital on Thursday bhe was a graduate of the New York Nor? mal College and wa3 a teacher for four years before her marriage. She was the daughter of QeorRe P, Schaaf, an artist She Is survived by her husband and twe daughters. 1,500 at Funeral | Of Justice Dugro j In St. Patrick's All Branche? of the State Courts Are Represented; Tammany Hall Delegation Headed by C. F. Murphy Pnneral services for tho 1st? Supreme Court Justice Philip Henry Dugro, held at St. Patrick's Cathedral at 10:30 o'clock yesterday morning, were marked by a note of simplicity, in conformity with the wishes of the widow. Instead of the usual solemn mas? of requiem, there was a low mass, celebrated by the Rev. William B. Martin, assistant rector o: the Cathedral. From the point o_ view of attendance it was one of the largest funerals ever held from the ; cathedral. It was estimated that fifteen i hundred persons were present. The cortege was met at the Cathedral by Father Martin, who escorted the coffin to the catafalque in front of the altar. The honorary pallbearers fol? lowed, headed by Justice Frank C. j Laughlin, of the Appellate Division of the Supreme Court; Justices Leonard A. Giegerich, Joseph E. Newburger, William Platzek and Charles L. Guy; | Representative Thomas F. Smith, Mor 5an J. O'Brien, Henry A. Gildersleeve, am.es A. O'Gorman, Robert L. Luce, ' Edward E. McCall, Louis C. Raegener, ! Herman Ries, Samuel Goldsticker, i Charles F. Murphy, Clifford Boese, John J. Pulleyn, Judge John E. Mclntyre and ! Edward F. O'Dwyer. There were delegations present from the National Democratic Club, headed by John M. Riehlc, its president; the Columbian Order of Tammany Hall, of which the late justice was grand sachem; the State Bar Association and the Manhattan Club. The justices of the Appellate Divi? sion, headed by Justices Victor J. Dowling and John Proctor Clarke, at I tended in a body. The Brooklyn 'judiciary was represented by Supreme ! Court Justices Isaac M. Kapper, Rus? sell Benedict, D. F. Manning, C. H. Kelby, Lester W. Clark and Abel E. j Blackmar. The Surrogates' Court was repre ! sented by Surrogates James F. Ley and ;John P. Cohalan. Judges Otto Rosalsky, John F. Mclntyre, Thomas C. T. Crain I and Chief Clerk Edward Carroll repre | sented the Court of General Sessions. Justice Emerson, of Syracuse, repre | sented the upstate departments. Interment was in the old Dugro i vault in the cemetery at Middle Vil ! l?ge. L. I. All parts of the Supreme Court dn this department adjourned until the afternoon as a mark of re? spect to the deceased. WILLIAM A. BAKER William A. Baker, of 435 Riverside Drive, retail store manager for the shoe firm of Hanan & Son, dropped dead yes terday morning in a drug store at Church and Fulton streets, while on his way to his office, at 1328 Broad way. Dr. Fox, of Broad Street Hos- j pital, was called, and the body was taken to the Old Slip police station, ; where it was identified by Mrs. Baker. ! Mr. Baker had been connected with ; the firm of Hanan v? Son for more than twenty years. He is survived by his wife and several children. BIRTHS ASSERSON?To Lieutenant and Mra. Ray? mond Assers.n, a aon, March 4, at the Women's Hospital, New York City. MARRIAGES HEINEMAN?LOWENSTEIN?Mr. and Mr?. Louis Lowenstein announce the marriage of their daughter. Claire Lee. to Oscar Heineman, Thursday, March 4, 1920. HOYT-RUTTY?In the City of New York on Thursday, March 4, lOL'O, by the Rev. C. W. Bothe, of the Church of St. Mary the Virgin, \Yinfield S. Hoyt to Isabella K. Rutty, daughter of the late William H. Rutty, of London, Eng-land. DEATHS ATWATER-On March 4, at Church st., Richmond Hill, Granger S. Atwater, hus? band of Edith Graham. Funeral services at 2 p. m.. March 6, 1920. BAKER?William, on March 5. Services THE FUNERAL CHURCH (Pranl E. Campbell), Broadway, 66th st, Tuesd; iy, 2 p. m. BARN WELL?On March 1. Ma:-y F. earn well, wife of Patrick. Funeral from 142 92d st., Brooklyn, March 6. Interment Calvary Cemetery. BEVIN?Laura De Lamater, widow of Lean? der A., on March 1. Funeral from" her late residence, 150 West 76th st., on 'Sat? urday. March 6, 1920, at 11 a. m. BLANCHET -March 3, 1920, Marie Jose? phine Blanchet. Funeral at Church of Our Lady of Sorrow^ South Orange, March 6, 9:30 a. m. Interment at St. Vincent's Cemeterr, Madison, X. J. BOWNE~On March 3. 1920, Isaao W. Funeral at North Hempstead Turnpike, Ireland Mills, Flushing:, N. Y., on March 6, at 2:30 p. m. CROSBY?At Yonkers. N. Y., Thursday March 4, 1920, France. C?cile Crdsby. beloved wife of Samuel McC. Crosby. . Fu? neral service at her late residence, 289 South Broadway, Yonkers, Saturday after? noon, at 1 :30 o'clock. Interment Gteen wood Cemetery. DAVIS?On March 3, Thomas F. Davis. 549 r?9th st.. Brooklyn. Funeral March 6, at 9 :30 a. m. DE SUZANNET?Mary Constance Knower, wife oT Count Jean de Suzannet and daughter of Mary Constance Knowet and the late Benjamin Knower, of New [York died at her home in Paris of inftuenka on March 4. DYER?Mrs. H. P., suddenly, March 5] Fu? neral services from her late residente at Rye, N. Y., Sunday afternoon at 4 o'clock. EASTON?On March 3. William J. Easton, husband of Adelaide Kemer. of 124 West 86tb at. Funeral Christ Church. Broad? way and (1st st., on March 6, at 10 a. m - ECK8TEIN?Frank Eckstein, husband of f?""* Eckstein, "Ked 64* Funeral from 1054 Union av., Bronx, Sunday, 2 o'clock. - FAUGHNAN?On March 4, John Faughnan, husband of Mary A. I.enehan. Mass at the Church of the Holy Name, 96th ?t and Amsterdam av., March 6, at 10 o clock. Interments Calvary. F<LX7:0" M*,r_. h !' John F- Fox- husband of Kathenne Ward. Funeral from 53 East 104th st. on March 6, at 9:30 a m In? terment Calvary. . GOLD8MITH?Fannie. on March 4 1920 wife of Samuel J. Goldsmith. Fune_ai from Temple Beth-EI, 5th ?v. and 76th st March 7. ?t 9:30 a. m. sharp. . GRIFFITHS?Helen Everett, March 3 19->0 funeral at Grace Church Chantry Broad! way and 10th ^Jgarch 6. at 1 o'clock - DEATHS HlYCB"?On March 5, 1920, at her lT" South Orange. N. jr., Gertrud? n, ?S**? wife of Allerton Delano Hitch s 5*j services at the Chuich of the Hol? r*' murilon, South Orange, ?yti Sunday it** 7, at S p. m.. on arrival of train' S*' Hoboken. D.. L. ft W., at 2:15 p. ?***>* HOGAN?At Flrtheliff. N. Y., March 3 i^ Margaret Lenihan Hogan. widow of ?jv2 Hogan. Funeral Saturday mornb^? o'clock. Interment St. Thomas's CernetL, HUGHES?On March % Bernard P., sZs*" of Catherine Hugh?;??. Funeral from*; Lawrence st., Astoria, L. j N v a. m.. March C. ' I- I KAHN?August /jus), on March 5,'mA ' the late BT.J)?r?it and Jeanette KahTk. brother of Benjamin and Moses KaU Mrs. Julia Cooper and the late Bella TC.' man. Servie? THE FUNERAL CH(J*b (Campbell Building?, Broadway, 66ta|? Sunday, March 7, at It a. m. w* KENNEDY?On March 3, 1320, at 149 v? ?on st., Nora Ahem Kenn??dy, witJoV** John Kennedy. B'uneral Saturday nv>'' ing. !? :30 o'clock. Interment Holy fS Cemetery. ' ^ KING? On Friday. March 5, Augusta? irW ing King. beiov??d lviaband of EwiJyEC King and non of the late 0>m????uj L? and Janet d? Kay King. Funeral ttrT at St Bartholomew's C "nape!. Park a* ZS 50th st.. Monday, March 8. at 10:3*,.* KOTTMEIER?Fred, beloved fcuaband <t Martha O. Barton KotUaeier sjnd fatbe, , Fred jr. and l**U>r. in hi* 57th ? Services THE FUNERAL CHURCH (fw bell Building), Broadway, at 66th sti? Sunday. March 7, at 12 o'clock noon. M??. bers of the Old Guard Veteran BattaS, and ex-members of -Jie 22d Regiment"?! atives and friends are invited. LOINAZ?On March 3, 1920. fj. H. Loisai of 134 Cheater st.. Mount Vernon ?5 San Domingo City. Fun?ral Saturday < p. m. " LUTZ?G?"orge Lots, husband of the ?^ Anna Lutz. Funeral from 348 1st ,? on Saturday, at 2 p. m. 2?AHONFY Or Mirch 3. 1920, Mary. ?,, of David J. Mahoney Funeral from 1511 Wheeler av., Bronx. March 6, at $'% a. m, Intermeni Calvary Cemetery. MAKRONE?On March 2, 1920, j0Dn -. rone, husband of Marie Marrone. Fnnera Snturday morning, ai '.< o'clock, fnm Edgev/ood lane. Palisade, N. J. 1YTGOVERN?Hugh W. Funeral from jj) Beekman av., Bronx, Saturday, g!; a. m. Interment Calvary. M'MORROW?March 4. 1520, Mary? E!? McMorrow. Funeral from 15 Grand ?> Weehawken, N. J., March 6, at 9:45 ?. ?[ MEAD?At Grrcnwich Conn., March ?. ijjj Cornelia A., wife of Oliver 0. Mead, p^ neral services at her late r<jsklence, Fiei Point Park, en Saturday. March 6, ?'; p. m. Autos will meet train? Itar Grand Central Depot at 1 :51 p m. MERWIN?Timothy Dwight, Montclair, g J., di??d suddenly March 2 at New Orlijr?. La. Funeral at New Milford, Conn. ' p. m., March 6. MESECHRE?Margaret, on March S Sm ices THE FUNERAL CHURCH ,(fw bell Bldg.l. Broadway, at 6?Jth st, S??. day, March 7, at 3 p. m. Denver p,per> pieate copy. MEYER?On March 5. 1920, Fredericki Meyer. Funeral from 1537 Ave. A, on ?*, urday, at P :30 a. m. interment St. John's Cemetery. MILLIKEN?On Friday. March 5, 19>0, Seti Mellen Milliken, in his 85th ye?jr.' F> n??ral services will be heid at'the Br?i: Presbyterian Church 5th av. and 27th ft on Sunday, March 7. at 2 :30 p. taJ MOORE?At th" residence of her iauehter Mrs. Waller B. Hopping. 63 H?wthor* Placo, Montclair, N. J.. on March 6. Bather Franc??s. widow of William D. Mbore sat daughter of the !ate Jonathan H. ?ad Mat tha Price Ransom, in her 71th year, h neral services will be held at Rutger'i Chapel, 73d st. and Broadway, ?S'aw York Monday, March 8, at 10:20 a. nu Kiadij omit flowers. MOWBY?John S.. of Freeport. L. I., March 3. 1020. Funeral from the M E. Church, Freeport. March 6, 3 p. m. Interment Greenfield Ccmcfry. K rLLALY?On March 3, Margaret J!. Mullaly. Mass on Saturday, 10 a. m.. at St. Benedict Joseph's R. C. Church, Mor? ris? Park. Interment Calvary Cemetery. - MURPHY? March 1. 1020. Mary, wife ?I the late Phi.ip Murphy. Funeral from 40! West 33d st. Maren fi. NAUGHTIN- -At 119 West Ofith st. Dario .T., husband of Bessie Naughtin. Fu?era Saturday. II a. rn. Interment Calvary. ? NAYLOR-- Bridget N,i.v!??r. Funeral fro? I99O Park av., Saturday, 9:30 a. m. In? terment Calvary. O'BRIEN?On March 3, 1920. Sarah O'Brier. wife of Thomas O'Brien. Funeral fro? 310 West ISth st.. .Saturday, at 10 a. a. Interment Calvary. ? PIELLU8CH?Richard, March 4, Funerala', church building, adjoining All Saint?' Church. Slst ?t., bet\\?-f>n Broadway ami West End av., at 9:30 a. ni. Saturd?? morning. POOLE? Alfred E., on March 2. huibaniof Elizabeth Poole. Funeral from 550 Wst 170th st., March 6, at 10:30 a. m. Inter? ment Calvary Cemetery. PROBST-On March 3, Agnes Probst, will of Chester B. Probst, Fun??ral from IBf Havemeyer av., Bronx, on Saturday, 2 p. m. Interment Woodlawn. RAMSEY- At Kingston. N. Y.. March 4, 1020. Eliza M., wife of Charles Ramsey Interment Cypress Hills Cemetery on March fi. 12:30 p. m. REICHENSTEIN On March 3. 1920, Ru? dolph Reichenstein, at 315 East 7-d it Funeral Saturday, 9 30 a. m. ROBINSON - On March 3. 1020. Sam?! Robinson. Funeral at 16S West 81st It on Saturday evening at S o'clock. RODECKER On March 3, 1920, Ann? Rodecker, wife of ,,'acob Rodecker. Fu? neral Saturday. 2 p. m., from 448 East 78th ?st. In'erment St. Michael's Ceme? tery. SCHREIBER -On March 3, Kate Schreibe, at 637 Bedford av., Brooklyn, widow e Patrolman William Schreiber. Funeril Berview 8 p. m. Saturday. Interment Lu? theran Cemetery. SMITH?George, on March 4. Service? THI FUNERAL CHURCH (Frank E. Cam* bell), Broadway, 66th st., Sunday, 2 P-?? STIMSON?On Wednesday. March 3, lH| at his residence. H? tel Cumberland, W st. and Broadway, Harry Palmer Stimior.. in his 64th year. Funeral services at tM Broadway Tabernacle Chureh. corner tata st. and Broadway, on Saturday. March ?. at 1 p. m. Interm^i.t at convenience 01 family. Buffalo papers please cop? ST. JOHN On March 3, 1020. Fort? * John. Funeral at Nsruton, Conn., on ?a* urday at 2 :45. ' STOOTHOFF On Match 3. 1920. CsthsrlM Stoothoff. Funeral on Saturday ?r??1" at 8 o'clock at 311 Shelton av., J?m??*j TIGHE?March 3, Joseph C, hu?5?ni"; Mai-y E. Ti^he. Funeral from 3.3 we 21st st.. March 6, at 10 a., m. Interm?^ Calvary. WADE?On March 3. 102". John Wade re? lierai from P15 Nostrand av., Br*>W? March C, at 9:30 a. m. Interment IW Cross Cemetery'. , ? WALLING?On March 3, El!iabeth;, ???g the late James Walling. Funeral from ?* East 53d st. on March 6, at 9 ?*? * *\ Interment Calvary. ,, WARD?On Maren 2, 1920. Elitfbetn Ward, at 245 Bergen st., Brooklyn, j, neral March 6, at 9 a. m. loterme? ?* vary- j^ t WASHBURN?On March i. ?istm Washburn. Funeral at 446 "?L?. Brooklyn, March C, 2 p. m. Jnwn? _ Greenwood. _ v.??u?ii? WYNNE?On March 3. 1920, *?"? Wynne. Funeral from ?18 Elt0ETBlJ0. Bronx, on Saturday, at 0 :30 a. m- ir~. ? ment St. Raymond's Cemetery. -> ZWIRZ?On March ?>'. Abby. w^e OTWJ crick Zwirs. Funeral at bt. rn''? Church. 81st st. an.l IHh av.. ??*? on Sunday a^ 2 p. m. Interment <*? wood Cemetery. jT WHE?DBATH ESTERS YOER HOME 4fc ?SE* j. 7aW '*Co'???6ua S20?" ?ft ?f T/" *"* Hour> Day or ?Sight t?S? W1 ?ong S^SSSI 2P kf Pa??? in a way ?| | 1 If ments are in^?r1 wheB tho ?"ange- \f I If ^ ? ?.. he hand? of Mr. Campbell. I I I 11 Ca,! cof?mbus 8200 " Am*, h ? II III RTJATVTt? ?, *?y "?ar. Day or Night. Il ?III ?_. (N^ ?w?,i'1i.UR^H(tt4 I I Arm??iwi *rtl'tlB'?M'*ii>t,in<wl,i,M._Jt. J|| OCEAN VIEW MAUSOLEUM" In cemetery bcautffut, Greater Nsw Torfc. ' Complete?ready for occupancy. Crypt? ! and niches for sal?-. Booklet and particu? lar? ?dnt on request. N. Y. Community Mausoleum Construction Co.. No. (08 Tims? Building. ?. Y. Tat. 7471 Bryant. Tokn W I va et Oldest Zkt'd. . economical. jobs w. fcyftg w a 1Mt?lt -issa-B?!,- ! IucMb?s, Bender & Schotte' f* t'NDBRTAKER?Pk-Chapal 4 *to??#S ?il Amsterdam Ave. Tal. 3?? ***??& THB WOOOLAWN CKMKT??y?^?. i Mtd St. ?. Hartem Trata and */ *""^ Lota of i?iaU aia? for aal?. _ _ , ' CM?. I? Saat .M ft? * * "* ?