New-York tribune. [volume], September 06, 1920, Page 6, Image 6

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?9-rst to Last??? Tr?*U>5 News?Edl
torlal??Ad~?rtt-em<niU
of the Audit Bureau at Clr-rulatlfcno
MONDAY, SETEJMBBR 6. 1920
Owned and publUhrd daily by K?nr York. Tribun*
Inc.. * New York Corvoration. Oadan Raid. Prroi
d*ot: O. Vemor Roger*. Vice-Pr*o!d?nt: Kf1.?n
<MIH Seid, Secretary; K. K. MaiUeld. Tres.ii.iei.
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Cla? Mall Mstt*r
GUARANTY
Yea ?mm parata?! mwskaa?lM *??*???? In THK
miBUNE wltfc aa**l?t* ??faty?fer I? <JI**atHtaa.
??a matt* In an? ?au THE TRIBUNE ?jiiaraaUee
to ?a> vour ?a on try bask ap*a requsit Ne r*d tap*.
Urn qolBbilna. Wo roak* *?od ?r*mplly If the
<j_?*rtisor d*M ML
VEMBKB OF TUB ASSOCIATED PRESS
The Auodated Pna* is tw-iuslvely antltlad to tin?
nsa for republic* tlou of ?11 news dlipatchf? credited
t? it or not othcrwlae credited In till? paver, and
?la* U>* local new? of apontaoeotu origin publljhrtS
bettln.
AU right? of ?publication of all other maiter
hantn tlao are merred.
On Low Level?
Our neighbor The Times, as if
wearying of the hard duty of sup?
porting the Cox candidacy, sadly re?
marks, "The campaign speaking has
not, thus far, been on a high level,
and unfortunately tends, to sink
lower."
Yes, it seems to tend to sink lower.
The traveling aspirant, after care?
fully avoiding Chicago while the
Kenyon committee was in session,
bounces along delivering his patent
medicine talks. Of their tone and
their contents it is kind not to speak.
But it is perhaps permissible to re?
mark that the side-show business
suffered the loss of a magnificent
barker when Mr. Cox went in for
politics.
How ?3 the tone of the discussion
to be raised? One way is for Demo?
crats who have a real concern for
the good repute of their organiza?
tion to condemn buncombe. A cam?
paign which centers in an entry
into a league of nations, but whose
periphery consists of a persistent
refusal to declare the terms of entry,
is morally bankrupt and of course
cannot get above low levels.
Flume Day
September 12 has been designated
as Fiume Day by the representative
in this country of the Comando and
National Council of Fiume, Mr.
Whitney Warren. ' Italians, Ameri?
cans of Italian descent and friends
of Italy are requested by him to as?
semble on that day to celebrate ap?
propriately the anniversary of the
occupation of Fiume by Gabriele
d'Annunzio.
The sympathy of the American
people goes out strongly to the in?
habitants of this ancient Adriatic
city, who on September 80, 1918, be?
fore the conclusion of the armistice
?even before the great Italian vic?
tory on the Venetian plain?declared
their wish for political self-determi?
nation and their desire to place
themselves under the protection of
the United States government. Our
government ignored that declaration
and that appeal. The Austro-Hun
garian Empire collapsed and the
disposition of its fragments was left
to be determined at the peace confer?
ence.
The Adriatic settlement was com?
plicated by the existence of the
Treaty of London, under which
Great Britain, France and Russia
had promised Italy territorial com?
pensations for joining the Entente in
1915. Russia's withdrawal from the
alliance and the emergence of the
Jugo-Slav state may have justified a
modification of the terms of the
treaty?but certainly not to Italy's
detriment, since Russia had com?
pletely relinquished her conflicting
political interests in the Balkans.
The readjustment of boundaries in
the Adriatic region was originally a
?k European question. It should have
y remained a European question, for
the United States had no-appreci?
able concern, one way or the other, in
the delimitation of the new Italian
Jugo-Slav frontier. The Fourteen
Points didn't apply to peace settle?
ments with Austria and Hungary.
The United States went to Paris
as a friend of Italy, as well as of
Great Britain and France. The main
thing to keep in mind was to pre?
serve the alliance of the four great
powers who dominated the confer?
ence. If there were differences be?
tween Italy, on one side, and France
and Great Britain, on the other, the
true American policy was to stand
benevolently aloof and let the other
major powers come to an agreement.
Most unfortunately President Wil?
son became the special champion of
the anti-Italian view, which would
either have assigned Fiume outright
to Jugoslavia or have made some
other disposition of it precluding its
inclusion within a reunited Italy.
The President's activities alienated
Italy and quickly deranged the alli?
ance. Yet the American people had
no reason whatever to begrudge self
d?termin?t??ih to Fiume or to wish to
prevent it? raintering the Italian
?community.
Thia country's feeling toward the
Fienums and toward Italy was
?row?y misrepresents at Pari?. The
United State* doesm't want-to stand
*? *** w? tf ? mM-ation ?* the
M?C_ki *?? aML*_*n-S
the people of Fiume, or of Italy's de?
sire to recover her ancient status on
the eastern shore of the Adriatic.
Italy is far better entitled to Fiume
than she is to the German-speaking
Tyrol, which Mr. Wilson was willing
to cede to her. Americans there?
fore generally regret the blunder
which brought our government into
conflict with Italian sentiment on
the Fiume issue. They would like to
make amends for it. They wish the
state of Fiume well on its first an?
niversary and would be glad to see
the way cleared for it? eventual vol?
untary union with Italy.
Cheap Food for Others
The editor of The Modern Miller
is bothered by a question whose an?
swer apparently will not come. It
seems that the Parliamentary Secre?
tary of the British Ministry of Food
recently admitted a shortage of food
in Great Britain, and said that his
government expected prices to go
higher. He made the admission only
under pressure, b?ecause, Britain, be?
ing a food importer, he didn't wish
to let American sellers know the
shortage existed. So the question
which bothers The Modern Miller's
editor is this:
"Wfhy is it that a buying nation
predicts high prices for food, while
sellers in America are bearish and
our government predicts 'Food Costs
Will Tumble'?"
We are surprised that this should
puzzle any one, let alone the editor
of a live trade journal. The an?
swer is that the buying nation was
not advised that our government
was to launch a campaign to smash
prices, counting closed factories and
tens of thousands of unemployed as
nothing. Particularly vigorous is
the drive against the farmer. He
has raised the year's crop and must
get little; for it.
So the buying nation may be
wrong. Food may get very cheap
indeed before economic sanity in gov?
ernment is restored. Cheap food
doubtless is something much to be
desired?if you are a foreign buyer.
But if you happen to be only an
American out of work and so lack
the money to buy all you need, even
with prices lower, it isn't comforting.
Campaign Philosophy
In the fourth column of this
page there is an extract from one
of Calvin Coolidge's Labor J>ay
speeches, a piece of homely yet elo?
quent wisdom applicable to Labor
Day of this year and to all such an?
niversaries. Tomorrow in the same
place there will be another quotation
from Governor Coolidge on a differ?
ent subject, and so throughout the
campaign we expect to present a
daily contribution from this best of
political philosophers.
We do this not entirely, nor in?
deed chiefly, .because Calvin Cool?
idge's name is on the Republican
;'.'-et. If he were not a candidate
for office the things The Tribune
proposes to lopvoduce would be just
as appropriate to the times, just as
helpful to the voter honestly seek?
ing the path of patriotic duty.
It is almost certain that Mr. Cool?
idge is destined to render high and
distinguished service to this nation,
but if he never did anything more
than he has done already in speaking
the truth and crystallizing the moral
purpose of the American people dur?
ing the war and since the war his
title to fame would be secure. When
the minds of othe.'-s were beclouded
his vision was clear; in the period of
greatest doubt and danger his cour?
age burned bright and strong. What?
ever the duty of the hour, he saw it
and made others see it.
Not since Abraham Lincoln has
any American distilled so much
thinking into so few words. It will
take only a couple of minutes each
day to read what Calvin Coolidge
says, but we believe that any person
who follows these brief addresses
will find that they illuminate and
simplify all the difficult problems of
the present.
A New German Conspiracy
A nation-wide and exceptionally
i well managed plot aiming at the
I overthrow of the republic has been
j revealed in Germany. The plan was
j engineered by one Dr. Escherich, a
j Bavarian government official, with
j the assistance of a number of prom?
inent conservative politicians, among
them the supporters of Kapp, indus?
trial magnates and monarchist of?
ficers. In 1919 Dr. Escherich
achieved distinction as organizer of
tho anti-Communist Bavarian Citi?
zens' Guards. His main idea now
was to unite ail armed semi-military
formations of the P.eich, first of all
the Einwohnerwehr, or inhabitants'
guards, in a clobe-knit organization,
called by the code name Orgesch.
Besides the Einwohnerwehr, whose
units arc enlisted only for the de?
fense of a certain locality, Eschericb
included in his scheme a number of
extra-legal and illegal bodies, sucb
as the Zeitfreiwilligen, or emergency
i volunteers, differing from the Ein
! wohnerweh/ in the fact that its units
i can be mobiliwd for service in any
I part of the country; then the various
! "free corps," students' detachments,
j etc. In accordance with the Spa
i agreement the disbandment of all
? these units has been ordered by the
I German government; however, many
j units refused to surrender their
i weapons and equipment, while others
; violated the peace treaty by reorgan?
izing as rifle clubs or athletic so
[ Local branches of the Orgesch
viw l&iajUvt <w?F to ?JLMSti
of Germany, but also in ?German
Austria. The chief danger of the
organization consisted in the fact
that it served as a rallying center for
all the monarchist and Pan-German
elements within the Reichswehr and
the governmental offices. It appears
that the leaders of the movement
aimed to organize their following
into a regular reserve of the Reichs?
wehr; they even paralleled the
Reichswehr establishment by setting
up "military headquarters" at the
seats of Reichswehr territorial com?
mands, such as Berlin, Hanover,
Marburg and Munich. The whole
organization was topped by a "gen?
eral staff," with offices in Berlin and
Munich. j
Besides organizing cadres of a
monarchist citizen army the Orgesch
undertook to control public opinion
through the purchase of a number
of newspapers. Another phase of its
activities consisted in setting up ?a
widespread system of espionage.
The first exposures of this anti
republican plot were published in
yorwaerts on August 3. Since
then the progressive press has been
continuously printing new revela?
tions, and the opinion is expressed
that since the Spartacist coups of the
spring of 1919 the Orgesch move?
ment constitutes the most serious
menace to the safety of the republic.
At last the German government is
being aroused to action, and several
headquarters of the organization
have been suppressed. But the last
word about this remarkable con?
spiracy has not yet been heard.
Pilgrim Celebrations
The whole country seems eager to
eelebrate the Pilgrim Tercentenary.
Plays, festivals, pageants and many
other forms of commemoration are
being planned by widely scattered
communities. Tableaux, music,
games, exhibits of books and workB
of art are included in some pro?
grams.
Boston began to get ready long
before the war distracted attention
from everything else. Other cities
took hold of the idea. Plans for
New York City have not yet been
announced in detail, but it is under?
stood that exercises by school chil?
dren will take place at Thanksgiving
time.
A central agency has now been
established to cooperate with towns
and cities desiring to celebrate. This
is the Community Service of Pa?
geantry and Dramatic Arts, at fl
Madison Avenue, New York City.
It stands ready to aid individuals or
organizations anywhere in this mat?
ter. Already it is said to have
served more than a thousand schools,
colleges, social settlements and clubs
preparing to honor the Pilgrims.
......?.-.f>
Unenlightened Selfishness
Those real estate owners- who are
asking the Lockwood joint legisla?
tive committee to recommend a re?
peal of the rent laws take an ex?
ceedingly narrow view of the situa?
tion. They want to be allowed to
reap the full fruits of the housing
shortage?to drive the hardest pos?
sible bargain with the harassed ten?
ant. They are incited to do this by
selfish interest, and unenlightened
selfish interest at that.
As Mr. Stewart Browne, repre?
senting the more progressive own?
ers, said bluntly at Friday's hear-1
ing: "The housing question is not
an owners' question; it is a ques?
tion of the community at large." It
ought to be settled in a way to bene?
fit the community; for if the com?
munity benefits, both landlords and
tenants will inevitably benefit in the
long run.
The housing shortage is due to cir?
cumstances beyond the control of
either landlords or tenants. It is a
legacy of the war. The war is over,
but we have only begun to shake off
its burdens. The trouble with the
average landlord is that he is trying
to cash in quickly on an unearned In?
crement. Without effort on his part
his property has swiftly increased
in value. He wishes to double his
former rentals, on the plea that
values of commodities now produced
have more than doubled. But he
himself is producing no commodity
subject to the full sweep of higher
labor coets. His building is there,
representing the costs of the years
before the war. The only advance
in wages he has to meet is in the
line of repairs and the maintenance
of- service. A moderate rent in?
crease would protect him. But his
equity has been automatically swol?
len and he wants to capitalize that.
Against his interest stands the
state's duty to tide over a war
emergency and to protect the public
from a wholesale eviction squeeze.
Unchecked eviction for rent-boosting
purposes would result in grave dis?
order and public inconvenience. The
state has the right to step in and
stabilize conditions by ?restricting
dispossession. That is all it is do?
ing now, and it is doing it not as a
favor to the tenant but as a matter
of legitimate police power regula?
tion.
To repeal the rent laws and let
profiteering take its course would
soon drive out of the city all but
the very rich and the very poor. The
great middle class with moderate in?
comes would have to move away.
They are the backbone and stay of
any community* and if their interest
in the city's future were withdrawn
its decay would be not far distant.
We are a democracy and our city
government is bound to
ViU .. ?f , ths jaajoyity.
reflecj
York real estate owners look for?
ward witlr satisfaction to a period
when taxes on their property will
be imposed by city authorities re?
sponsive only to the wishes of lease
holders who are poor enough to be
able to afford to stay on here as
residents? #
In tiiis sense, also, "the housing
question is a question for the com?
munity at large." How will it bene?
fit the community to encourage ?
purgation and exodus of the great
middle class, which has no way of
meeting a ruthless rent squeeze?
Calvin Coolidge Says
(From his address aP Plymouth,
Labor Day, 1919.)
Happily, the day when the call to
fight or die is now past. But the day
when it is the duty of all Americans
to work will remain forever. Our
great need now is for more of every?
thing for everybody. It is not money
that the nation or the world needs
to-day, but the products of labor. TheBQ
products are to be secured only by
the united efforts of an entire people.
The trained business man and the
humblest workman must each contrib?
ute. All- of us must work, and in
that work there should be no inter?
ruption. There must be more food,
more clothing, more shelter. The di?
rectors of industry mu*t direct it more
efficiently, the workers in industry
must work in it more efficiently. Such
a course saved us In war; only such a
cours? can preserve us in peace.
The power to preserve America,
with all that it now means to the
world, all the great hope that it holds
for humanity, lies in the bands of
the people. Talents and opportunity
exist. Application only la uncertain.
May Labor Day of 1919 declare with
an increased emphasis the resolution
of ?11 Americans to work for America!
Rents and Housing
To the Editor of The Tribune.
Sir: May I ask space to publish the
following? The April, 1920, rent laws
came into being as a result of the
practices of rent-gouging landlords,
und they will be strengthened at the
extra Legislative session in favor of
tenants for like reasons.
The rent laws do not fix rents and
the courts have no power to fix rents.
I have never advocated fixing or limit?
ing rents, maximum or otherwise. I
have objected to the rent laws an
giving too much discretion to the courta
and I have always advocated that where
the rents do not exceed 15 per cent
net income (not gross) on the assessed
values, the courts should have no dis?
cretionary jurisdiction??-net income
meaning gross rents less fixed charges
(excluding interest), maintenance and
operation. That is neither fixing nor
limiting rents.
At the Lockwood housing hearing the
statement was made (not by me) that
in Washington Heights alone 10,000
dispossess notices for October 1 have
been served on tenants. The Commit?
tee had proof of this. I corroborated
this and said I knew that some 40,000
of such notices had been served on
tenants, that the advice to do so came
from one pseudo-realty source?and
I emphasize this by stating that news?
paper publicity was given to the de?
liberate mipstatement that Governor
Smith was dissatisfied with the rent
laws and had called the extra session
to repeal them. Such notices and mis
statements are used by rent-gouging
landlords in bulldozing their tenants
into paying increased rents on the
ground that when the laws are re?
pealed they will have to pay even
higher rents.
The United Realty Owners' Associa?
tion has refused to be a party to any
such practices. It has consistently
stood for a square deal between land?
lords and tenants. I ask any fair
minded realty or non-realty owner if
such practices help to allay the un?
doubted unrest that exists among the
salaried and wage-earning classes, or
if it will help the Legislatur? to repeal
or modify the laws in favor of land?
lords. STEWART BROWNE.
New York, Sept. 4, 1920.
A Si0aificant Revolt
To the Editor of The Tribune.
Sir: It seems to me that The Trib?
une lost an exceptional opportunity to
use a scarehead which would have in?
fluenced many a striker when it over?
looked the attack on the strikers by
a mob of would-be riders whom the
strikers tried to maroon at Coney
Island. Editorially you always hit the
real meaning, but the class of people
who make up strikers, as a rule, do
not read editorials, and the fact that
they have put themselves in the posi?
tion of refusing to run cars them?
selves or to permit any one else to do
is for the benefit of the vast majority,
goes over their heads.
This revolt was tho important new3
of the day, but as none of the other
papers which enter to tho strikers is
likely to pay any attention to that
item, J think you missed an opportu?
nity equal at least to that presented
when the passengers on the Jersey
trains ran themselves into the city. I
repeat that it seems to me it is time
for the great mass of innocent suffer?
ers to itrike against the unreasonable
method public service employees have
adopted for the settlement of their
union theories, and I hope that Judge
Mayer and Mr. Garrison and the B. R.
T. will carry on this fight to a finish.
Brooklyn, Sept. 2, 1920. VICTIM.
Ain't It the Truth!
(From The Philadelphia Publia Ledger)
A man spends a lifetime in an ear?
nest attempt to acquire knowledge.
About the only thing he learns to a
certainty is that if he wishes to be
shaved t>n Saturday it is better to go
to the barber ihop in the forenoon.
Everything else is disputed by some?
body.
Out of Proportion
{From The Toledit liluie)
Trouble with America probably is
that her appetite stays fixed while
food prices Just wander about hither
and yon wjthwt any consideration for
things* that lack tho gift of suiting
tB*?S?lvss to ?oadit?ftn*.
TheConning Tower
"King Arthur"
? <_, b-lia? writttn by J. M., ?In? *??*?? elfl.
Hi? ?pell?n*- and punettutios aro
followed)
Britain was in an awfol plit?
Each man he had fais way
Each robber raught bis lawless dead
Each barren heald his sway
There was a brave and noble Knight
Sir Ector was, his name
Bo had two sons both brave and true
But only one his ane.
The other was of mistie buth
Being found by Eetor
Lying in the darksom forest
Full of joy and lawghter
One day ths neuse from London toun
Set all the fokd gast
For they hurd of a wondas thing
A sord stuck in an anvel fast
The archbishop of London-town
Scent word to great and small
Tnat who would pull out that grate sord
Would be King of us all
Euch Knight of high and low degree
Tride with all his might and maine
To pull that sord from soiled steal
But none left there with gane.
Sir Ector and his two brave sons
Were then to try their strength
i Their names Arthur and Sir Kay
Then Arthur's turn at length
j Young Authr placed his brauney hand
At the hilt of the blade
Low it laped from its bed of steal
He heald the sord arrayed
The good Archbishop he cried out
"Hail to our Lord King Authr"
And now with shouts of glee and Joy
"King Auther for ever."
If you happen to be in New Jersey
to-day, and are thinking of motoring
btck to New York this afternoon or
to-night, take plenty of reading matter
along. You'll wait a long time in line.
And don't say we didn't warn you.
The Potted Mother Tongue
Sir: These seem to be great days
for lingu-istics. The chorus gentlemen
of the "Follies" sing with heartening
unanimity of their being "chamber?
maids to Rolls-Rerce cars." Chairman
Hays, too, as you have doubtless noted,
' ?3 an athaletic young man. I heard
him speak down in Indiana last year,
and he was most eloquent about some
of the G. 0. P.'s auxillerary aids. And
the other day a student of "Hamlet"
explai?:ed to me how Lurtes anernted
his ferl with perzon. C. A.
Of course the student should have
said Layoytes.
The Inaccurate Human Race
Sir: la all education a failure?
And has erudition passed out?
Being still in cultured New England
I attended a church fair yesterday, and
s_w towels labeled "Real Fillet" (re?
ferring to the lace border). I sighed
over the village ignorance, but came
home and read in the current New Re?
public how a Lost Soul (in verse")
"... wore a shining garment of
dream, a filet of golden fancies."
Then, in the latest Saturday issue
of The New York Evening Post, I lind
a meticulous writer scoring another's
lapses, while he himself talks of Stend
tl'.al. And in the August Scribner's
some one objects to slang, but uses in?
ferred for implied, and speaks of
Gelett Burgess's Sulphides.
What's the use? C. W.
But seriously?now I am talking
quite seriously?there - have not been
more than five or six women whom
you could say had counted at all in
my whole life.?From "Open the Door"
(p. 213), by Catherine Carswell.
Talking more seriously than gram?
matically.
?To-day is "Labor" Day.
?Nice spell of weather last wk.
?G. Parsons, of Rye, is expected
back from his vacation any minute. ;
?Mrs. Brock Pcmberton is con?
valescing rapidly from her recent ill-'
'nesF.
?Ben Huebsch, the w. k. publish?
er, is abroad getting married this
month.
?Jim Cushman vent to Newport
on the 5:11 Friday, arr. back here
this a. m.
?Work on Henry Canby's new
house is going on as rapidly as could
be expected.
?Lew Gensler lost a tire to us bet?
ting on Dick Wms, vs. Bill Johnson
and paid immediately.
?Sig Spaeth, the noted tennis writ?
er, leaves The N. Y. Times to-day
to go into trade, he joining the Am.
Piano Co.'s staff.} Music's gain is1
Sport's loss is how we put it.
' It occurred to us, on first looking j
into the act of Savoy and Brennan, at j
the "Greenwich Village Follies," that
the Russell Brothers used to be a com- ;
icrl team. And that Jimmy Russell's
"Why didn't you stop me?'' (his en-1
I trance line) and his "Maggie, take the ;
ccw out of the hammock," were funnier >
\ than all the Savoy and Brennan
coarsenesses.
"Cox Starts His Tour With Cry of
'Perjury.'"?Tribune headline.
The greatest of'campaign self-start?
ers. When you want to thicken the
mixture, cry "Liar!"
As to the Quarry and the Chase,
Shakespeare (Banks gets th? assist)
said in "The Merchant of Venice":
"All things that ar?
Arc with more spirit chased than en
joy'd."
Advice to striking painters: Don't
paint the lily.
THE LENGTH OF TIME A CAMEL CAN SUBSIST ON THE
CONTENTS OF ITS HUMP SEEMS TO HAVE
BEEN GREATLY UNDERESTIMATED
?_Ctooyrirht, IMS, Mew Tor* Tribus* toe t
The Little Entente
__ .
Rv Frank H. Simonrls
The formation of the so-called "Little ]
Entente," Rumania, Czecho-Slovakia
and Jugo-Slavia, is one of the most in
teresting developments of the whole
period since the Paris conference. It
represents a deliberate effort of three
of the smaller nations, who were either
created or enormously expanded by the
war and the peace settlement, to find
common security in a defensive alli?
ance. Combined, the three states have
a population of approximately 40,000,
000, equal to France and slightly su?
perior to Italy. Thus their military re?
sources are sufficient when united to
make a respectable showing, even
against a great power.
What are the purposes of the alli?
ance, specifically? Both Czecho-Slo?
vakia and Rumania have a common in?
terest in preserving the settlemor.t of
the Danubian territories so far as Aus?
tria and Hungary are concerned.
Czecho-Slovakia acquired a very large
share of the old Austrian lands?Bo?
hemia, Moravia and Austrian Silesia?
together with all the Slovak and
Ruthenian regions along the Carpa?
thians which had belonged to Hun?
gary. Rumania acquired Bukovina
from Austria and Transylvania, to?
gether with most of the Banat, from
Hungary. Both are therefore equally
menaced by any Hungarian risorgi
j mento.
Jugo-Slavia profited equally at the
expense of both Austria and Hungary,
| acquiring the Slovenian provinces from
i the former and Croatia, Slavonia and a
I portion of the Banat from Hungary,
? The single difference in the situation
! of the Southern Slavs lies in the fact
' that between Rumania and themselves
there is a quarrel over tho Banat,
which has threatened to disturb the
peace of southeastern Europe The
fact that the two have consented tc
form a partnership is perhaps a prom?
ise that the question has been ad?
journed, if not accommodated.
But in addition to menaces frorr
Hungary, Rumania and Jugo-Slavit
have a common enemy in Bulgaria
which has twice attacked each in re
cent years. Rumania acquired th(
southern Dobrudja as a consequence o
the peace of Bucharest in 1913, whicl
settled the two Balkan wars, and Ser
bia gained all of Macedonia, save tha
part which she and Greece divided
Thus it is safe to reckon that Bulgarii
would stand with Hungary in any mov<
of the Magyar state to regain lost" ter
ritorien.
On the other hand, Jugo-Slavia ha
an acute quarrel with Italy overFium
and the Adriatic shore. Rumania, oi
the contrary, has been for long year
a close friend of the Italian? and ha
in recent times seemed on the point o
joining hands with the Italians in a
attack upon the southern Slavs. I
may be safely calculated that, what
ever the terms of the new allianci
neither Ciecho-Slovakia ?or Rumani
has bound itself to defend Jugo-Slavi
1 against Italy. And the same is prot
: ably true of tho Albanians, who ar
obviously being incited to attack th
Serbs by Italian intrigues, intrigue
which are also taking the form of a
attempt to revivo the Montenegri
state, of its own volition .merged i
th? new Jugo-Slav nation.
What is probably the basis of tr.
now arrangement is an agreement c
th? three states to stand togcth?
against any attack coming afro? Aui
t*ia, num>m:?:^k?^i*^im^m^
to upset the division of territories
made at Paris. Not improbably Greece
will be found joining in this associ?
ation, because the Greeks have to fear
the Bulgarians even more than the
i Rumanians or the Jugo-Slavs, and, it
will be recalled, Rumania, Serbia and
Greece made a similar bargain after
I the Second Balkan War, which King
Constantino failed to observe, when
the Bulgarian attack upon Serbia in
1915 produced the crisis in the Near
East, which in turn led to the Sal?nica
expedition.
But Greece and Jugo-Slavia, in ad"
dition to havin_ a common interest lr
the direction of Bulgaria, are equally
concerned in the matter of Albania
and find themselves similarly threat?
ened by Italian ambitions, both in Al?
bania and, for the Greeks, in all of th?
Mgenn, both in the islands and ir
the Smyrna district of Asia Minor. At
far back as the First Balkan Wai
Greece and Serbia, Bulgaria agreeing
arranged to partition Albania, Serbu
taking the region north of the Skumbi
Greece the portion to the south of tha
river. The Conference of London, b;
creating Albania as a separate unit
blocked that purpose and produced th?
Second Balkan War, for Serbia, los
ing in Albania, claimed greater re
wards in Macedonia and Bulgaria re
fused to concede these.
The announcement of tho formatio
of the "Little Entente" haB excited
good deal of comment in Italy. Fo
many years there has been a real Ita
ian apprehension of an ultimate ext?r
?ion of a pan-Slavic state to the Adr
atic and the union of the Czechi
Slovaks and the Jugo-Slavs with the
great Russian brethren. But to-da
with Russia on fire, the Italian excit?
ment rather? suggests that the Italiai
are turning the present development i
their own ends and using the new a
liance as an argument for greater pr
tection along the eastern shore of tl
Adriatic.
A war between the Serbs and the A
banians is now going forward and
this the Serbs quite correctly see tl
Italian hand. An outbreak of hosti
ties between the Serbs?that is, tl
Jugo-Slavs?-and the Italians ov
Fiume is always pcssiblo. Hunga
would be glad to join in such an i
tack, hoping to regain her lost pre
inces. But Rumania and Creer
Slovakia, neither of whom cares abo
the Italian phase of this debate, woi
be menaced by any expansion of Hi
gary. Bulgaria would welcome such
opportunity, but Rumania as well
Greece would be threatened bv a
Bulgarian aggrandizement.
The ideal development would be
alliance between the three states
the "Little Entente" and Greece :
mutual protection, not alone agai
Austria and Hungary, but against
outsiders seeking to disturb the ai
ation in the southeast of Europe. Si
an alliance, too, would, in course
time, inevitably draw to it the Pol
who share with ? the Rumanians
grave danger which must come fi
Russia, whether Red or White, 1
mania having to fear for Bessaral
Poland for her very independence.
Moreover, to add tcu the compl
tions, while Rumania and Jugo-SU
have only the remotest concern all
Germany, Poland sud Csecho-Slovi
are equaliy targets of German hat:
?Bince the ferner fe? B(^?if?d smsvij
a minority of more than three millions
of German-speaking citizens within its
boundaries. To-day Poland and Czech??
Slovakia are still at odds over the
Teschen question, which has been set*
tied by a compromise imposed by thq:
great powers, but equally disappoint!
ing to each rival. Yet. to-morrow th?
common danger must bring them t<*
gether.
In sum, tho "Little Entente" may
well prove the basis for a close alli?
ance between five smaller states in th?
middle of Europe, having to fear dan?
gers from all sides and, in close asso?
ciation, capable of repelling enemies
whose attack would be fatal to an?/
single state. But the mere formatioa
of the "Little Entente" is one mor?
evidence of the collapse of the whole
Leaguo of Nations conception in Eu?
rope, for such nn alliance directly con?
travenes the fundamental cunccptios
of the league itself.
Homes Diverted to Business Uses
To the Editor of The Tribune.
Sir: In the issue of The Tribune of
September 1 Samuel Rosenblum, agree?
ing with the recommendation made by
Chairman John P. Lee of the Boar?iI
of Standards, says that "the adding o??
an additional story to existing ten?3
ments is one of the most constructive :
suggestions yet made." The idea is eW '
right and certainly would be helpful
if carried out to any considerable ex?
tent, but it is doubtful, I imagine,
whether, with the scarcity of the class
o:* labor required, the plan ruggested
could afford any speedy relief.
In my opinion much greater and
?reedier relief would be obtained if
| there were enacted a provision of la*
j whereby a residential tenement build
| infc' could not be converted into a busi?
ness structure without a permit or H
? cense from some competent authority.
I Hundreds of families within the last
j three months have lost their homes
! by such a procedure on the part of
speculators entirely lacking in the tru?
i American spirit.
My personal knowledge of the situa?
tion is confined to one nearby are?;
but doubtless there are many othert
within the city limits. The two street?
?Twenty-first and Twenty-second, be
| tveen Sixth and Seventh avenues?for
! years have been devoted to dwelling*!
! of good size occupied by renter?. AM
most without exception, those build-,
| ii-gs, on both sides of the street, num-?
jbrring fifty or more, have been v**'.:
j cated, many by long-time occupants, and I
i converted into "stores and lofts," tb?
j latter being the diminutive sleepinf
j rooms on the upper floors, to be rented
| a>> they stand as "lofts." The baa*-;.f
| ment and parlor floor have been changed
? into stores. That the scheme was en- -
? t'rely speculative is shown by the iaeTf
that but few of the stores an>i 4
j smaller number of the "lofts" ha?f?I
' been rented, as is indicated by thai
flaring signs with which the building?:
aro decorated. Such a high-hand?*/;
procedure should not be justified by?
law or permitted by t3w> authorities, tifl
a tim? when there is so much distress
about housing matters among our dW
izens. W. A S. I
New York, Sept 2, 1920.
An Old ?Law
(From The Providrne* Journal)
The Brazilian government has lift*
its embargo on sugar, to let its ?I
porters get to market before tho """
torn drops oat It is always euri<
to observa the paradox that high p?<
*n?ourac* holding on to commodit
3$ressotethir*/i