New-York tribune. [volume], March 18, 1921, Image 1

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MMUMM??HM*M
?JLL MERCHANDISE
ADVERTISED IN THE
it?UBUNE IS GUARANTEED
f?TLXXX No. 27,151
(Copyright, 1921,
New York Tribun? Inc.)
First io Last?the Truth: News
FiU DA y7 MARCH
Editorials?Advertisements
Siriotm*
THE WEATHER
Fair and ?colder to-day; to-morrow fair,
with rising temperature; fresh
northwest winds.
Tau Report on LaM Pag?
18, 1921
* ? sp *
TWO CENTS
In Creator Now York
THREE CENTS
Within 200 Mile?
FOCR CENTS
fclwwhere
j?ller Ready
for Probe of
Hylan's Rule
Lvernor Declares Him
self for State Inquiry
Into Gty Government if
Legislature Is in Favor
Livingston Hope
Of Mayor's Men
Backers of Quiz Declare
That No Opposition
Can Halt an Exposure
ALBANY, March 17.-?The proposed
?er'slative investigation of the Hylan
^ministration in New York City came
istt>p nearer reality to-d?y. when Gov
imor Miller announced he would favor
..th a move if the Legislature consid
.fcd it necessary.
Governor Miller made thi3 assertion
?a discussing the statement of former
Governor Whitman in to-day's Tribune,
ii which Mr. Whitman said that such
?a investigation was sorely needed.
"If those conditions which former
Governor Whitman says exist are
aainUining, could they not be rem?
edied by a grand jury inquiry?" Gov?
ernor Miller was asked.
1 notice," replied the Governor,
?that he says it is pretty difficult for
[?torn to get evidence and that some of
tat cases have been outlawed. The
legislative committee's power to in?
vestigate are unlimited. I have not any
j??ubt that the powers of a legislative
avestigating committee are fully as
broad as a grand jury in the way of
tompellinji testimony, and in some
nys it might be that a legislative
-ommittee could develop evidence that
i grand jury could not."
"Would you be in favor of a legist! ,
tive inquiry at this time?"
Favors It if Needed
"I certainly should not oppose one,
:M if there i.s reasonable ground to
think that one is needed I would favor
it, of course. By 'needed' I mean if
there is a situation that ought to be
?isclosed, becruse the greatest remedy,
after all, is publicity."
"T! e question has been up before,"
continued the Governor's interrogator,
"and I suppose they have submitted to
you what '.hey thought were grounds
ror an investigation. I take it that the
ruasen che Legislature had not acted
lia? been that the grounds were not
ieemed sufficient."
The Governor smiled and said: "The
-?-s'ion is not over."
Until the Governor's announcement
,it was bi.'ing whispered by the agents
?of the Hear^t-Hylan-TamiiUiny regime
that the Governor was bitterly opposed
?o an investigation.
Even after the Governor had made
dear that 'ne was not opposed to one
the whisper squad renewed their en
ieavors to make it appear that the
?iovernor was against an investigation.
The opposition of Jacob A. I.iving
on, the Kings County leader, is the
rump card which the friends of the
Hearrt-Hylan-Taramany administration
are holding. They count on Mr. Living
?imV opposition as sufficient to pre
ent an investigation.
Evidence Before Leaders
But those who are flighting for a real
?iveitigation, such as is provided for in
Itbe resolution introduced by Senator
irwuglas Robinson and Assemblyman
?Joseph Steinberg, declared to-night that
he Governor and the legislative lead
'?s would not be moved by any such
onsideration. It can be stated a'uthor
?tively that among the mass of in
ormation now before the legislative
?itiers ig evidence which one of th?
sailers of the Legislature has prom
?itA to furnish giving sufficient grounds
-tf the removal of one of the most
1 raoortant elected officials in New York
? ' ity.
rMueh of the information is in the
Sfm of sworn testimony, obtained by
'?ose who have not the power of offi
ttl authority behind them. Not only
;4s this convinced the leaders that an
ftvestigation is imperative, but the
?fhteen indictments obtained by Mr.
?hitman's investigation within the last
few weeks have convinced them that
we entire opposition to an investiga?
ron is not sincere.
? AH these indictments were obtained
wer the publication of the charges of
Sjnator Robinson and Assemblyman
?einberg.
Harding Orders Review
Of Case Against Debs
Attorney General Instructed to
we Opinion Whether Clem?
ency Is Justified
from The Tribune's .Vaahinptoit Bureau
WASHINGTON, March 17.?President
???ding to-day directed the Attorney
jrtneral to review the case of Eugene
Dehs, Socialist leader, who Is serving
ten-year sentence in Atlanta peni
X j0r ^o!ation of the espionage
Jitoi . t0 Pre8ent the Department of
?V?-?!8 Vlew ?n th,? Question of modi
mm the penalty.
H ??WM* the campaign, Mr. Harding
? t?v uquently aBked if he would show
w%v*niency toward tht Socialist leader
2-w event he was elected. To all
?*? "Pf?8'3 he replied that he would
"??ne the case thoroughly.
* i? ? ? ?sld*nt ha? made it clear that
?*i*iv ln. fuV0r of a general amnesty
^Political prisoners, but believes that
dm. u should be reviewed and decided
j"*18 merits.
?&*?ie<1 effort8 were matJe ??ng th?
!*tbtfi? y?v0f the last Administration
tr???n tlther a ful1 Pardon for Debs
fe*?u hl8 8<i,!tence. To all of thes?
*** tim VaB firra in hi9 refusal. The
?Mm? m ?? 1K'bs case was brought
??fe?.fKr' Wlls?n. '?s? than two weekf
it? *ntiJof his Administration, an
7" tJar?ion was recommended by
*y General Palmer. The formet
wnt overruled his legal adviser and
a*** t(> grant clemency.
SL^19 Jap??'? Envoy
jjgNGTON Marsch 17.~Baron
??*ceivJ ? iaPane?e Ambassador
l?t&wt^ay fey President Har
VLn!jWh?te House- The amba3'
b ft.? P"???ft?> to congratulate
S,SfH ?i,the Japanese emperor
?^ti?? on his acce8sion t0
to-niffht!
.en
Your country calls you!
"Rally 'round the flag!"
Trotzkv Takes
Cronstadt in
Furious Battle
i
Assaulting Troops Enter the
Town, Fight Two Hours;
Nearly All Are Killed or
Wounded, Rest Ejected
Another Drive Succeeds
60,000 Massed for Attack;
Two Warships Blown Up;
Shelling Damages Town
HELSINGFORS, March 17 (By The
Associated Press).?Cronstadt has sur?
rendered to the Soviet forces. This
announcement is made by the revolu?
tionary committee of Cronstadt, which
has arrived in Finland accompanied
| by 800 soldiers.
? Before retreating from Cronstadt
the Revolutionists blew up the war
I ships Petropavlovsk and Sebastopol.
General Koslovski, leader of the
: Revolutionists, also has arrived in
i Finland.
RIGA, March 17 (By The Associated
j Press).?The Russian mission here as
? serted to-day that the Bolsheviki capt?
ured Cronstadt from the revolutionists
j Wednesday night.
STOCKHOLM, "JMaTTh 17.?Cronstadt
! was taken by the Soviet forces at 2
o'clock in the afternoon, according to
; a Bolshevik news agency.
The arrival of the Cronstadt revolu?
tionary committee and 800 soldiers at
, Terioki, on the Finnish frontier, is
confirmed.
The fighting for possession of the
i armed fortress was of a furious char
! acter and the attacking forces were
I ejected from the town at least once,
? according to reports received here.
The engagement began Wednesday
evening with artillery preparation, in
which all the shore batteries joined.
Great damage was done, and manv per?
sons were injured by the falling build
ings. The bombardment culminated in
an intense drumfire, and at ?J o'clock
Thursday morning the Russian Soviet
War Minister, Trotzky, in command of
the Bolsheviki, launched his main at?
tack from Oranienbaum.
For the assault here Trotzky had con?
centrated the whole of the new Seventh
Army, consisting of Red cadets from
; ull the Russian cities and other troops,
; totaling 60,000.
Guns Rake Attacking Forces
Cronstadt fired its 10-inch guns, and
J when the attacking forces were near
i enough opened with a machine gun tire,
i causing severe losses.
Nevertheless, the survivors man?
aged to force an entrance through the
! Petersburgski gate into the town,
j where the local Communists joined
them. After two hours of righting they
were ejected, and at 7 o/clock nearly all
i the attacking forces had been killed or
wounded.
Meanwhile Cronstadt's obsolete bat?
teries 4, 6 and 6 on the small islands
? near the Karelian coast were blown
up and the defenders obliged to re?
treat. The obsolete forts of Totleben,
; Obrutcheff and - Schantz held out
:. longer.
The Cronstadt garrison consisted of
between 15,000 and 16,000 men, of
whom 10,000 were sailors. They were
exhausted through lack of sleep for
, several days.
Soon after the fall of the fortress
I groupa of fugitives from the abati
i doned forts were seeking safety across
i the ice toward Finland.
LONDON, March 17.?A dispatch to
the Exchange Telegraph from Helsing
, fors says that only 100 men of the
j crews of batteries 4, 5 and 6 escaped.
I The remainder of them surrendered.
Railway Towns Captured
?| PEKING, March 17-(By The Asso
I i dated Press).?Occupation of the two
' ! towns of Kiakhta and Troitskosavsk, lo
? j cated on the frontier between Mongolia
! and Siberia, about 170 miles southeast
; of Irkutsk, by General Baron Michel
- Ungern-Sternberg. chief lieutenant of
? General Semenoff, is reported here.
II These towns are about 125 miles south
I of Verkhnie Udinsk, through which
! run8 the Trans-Siberian Railway. They
? j were formerly of great commercial ;im
r portance, being trading stations' at
. ! which Chinese and Russian merchants
? ! met.
*
PLACB TOUR
Want Ads
TO-DAY FOR
SUNDAY'S TRIBUNE
Accepted Until
8 P. M. SATURDAY
It ta preferable, however, to
?end your ads in ?arly for
Sunday'? Tribune. /
Phone
BEEKMAN
3000
or co to any of The Tribun?'?
Want Ad. Agent?, conveniently
located In all part? of Greater
New York.
Phone Rate
Raise of 28%
Authorized
Increase Effective April 1,
Pending Rul ing onPetition
for 35 P.C. Advance, Per?
mitted by State Board
Offsets Higher Pay Scale
Addition of $11,000,000 to
Company Revenue Ex?
pected to Increase Service
From a Staff C-yrrespondent
ALBANY, March 37.?The New York
Telephone Company was authorized to?
day by the upstate Public Service Com?
mission to increase the local telephone
rates in New York City 28 per cent.
The advance, it is estimated, will give
the company an additional annual reve?
nue ef about $11,000,000. It will go
into effect April 1.
The present discount of 8 per cent
allowed on local telephone bills is to !
be eliminated _ and in addition a sur- j
chargo of 20 per cent is to be made. ?
The commission was divided in its ?
decision three to two, Commissioners j
Kellogg, Barhite and Van Namee vot- j
ing for the increase, and Chairman Hill
and Commissioner Irving against it.
The increase is temporary and is
allowed pending final determination of
the a?jplication of the company, made
in August last, for permission to in- ?
crease rates approximately 35 per cent,
which would have given the company
an additional revenue of more than
$16,000,000. The corporation is re- j
quired'to file a bond with the commis?
sion, the amount to be fixed later, as a
guaranty to refund to subscribers the
difference between the present and the
new T?te in the event that the commis
I sion finally orders rates lower than
| those allowed in the temporary order.
The commission in its order points
j out that local telephone rates in New
? York City were reduced in 1915 and
j again in October, 1919, the 8 per cent
| discount being ordered on the latter
, date. Since this discount became ef
| fective the company, at the suggestion
j of the commission, has increased sal
I aries of employees, resulting in an in
? crease in .its annual payroll of more
j than $11^000,000. The temporary in
! crease is allowed to absorb this ?mount
! and put the company on a financial
j basis to attract sufficient capital for
I the purpose of purchasing necessary
? buildings and materials to relieve the
j congested condition of the telephone
I business in New York City, where there
I are 80,000 unfilled applications for
! service.
The commission decision reads, in
I part:
"It is claimed by the company that
; by reason of said increase in wages and
; certain other changed conditions adding
! to the cost of operation it has for some
! time been unable to earn its operating
expenses from the revenues derived
I from the rates and charges fixed by
said order of September 16, 1919.
"It now appears to the satisfaction
of this commission from the evidence
before it in this proceeding, and also
from its knowledge and information of
the general condition of said company
derived from its various efforts filed
with this commission according to law,
and pursuant to order of this commis?
sion, that the increase in wages of em
I ployees made effective since the order
of this commission of September 16,
1919, requires an additional annual ex?
penditure of approximately $11,000,000
by the company and to that extent de?
creases the income of the company
j from the amount anticipated it would
' receive from the rates established by
! the order of September 16, 1919.
i "After due deliberation it is the
'opinion of this commission that it
should at this time, in the exercise of
its discretion and in order to prevent
serious damage to the company, con?
sent to art immediate increase of the
rates and charges determined and fixed
by its order of March 30, 1915. as modi?
fied by its order of September 16, 1919,
in such amount as will provide the
! company with additional annual rev
! enue in an amount approximating such
increases of wages to employees of ap
I proximately $11,000,000 annually, auch
I increases to be without effec': in any
way to the further conduct of and final
determination of this proceeding and
upon conditions safeguarding the in?
terests of the subscriber of the com?
pany, in case it should be ultimately
determined that the company is not
entitled to any increase of rates or not
entitled to an increase equal to the
j $11,000,000."
U. S. Officials In Battle
With Mexicans on Border
Thr?ee Americans Wounded and
Latest Reports Say Fight
Is Still On
EL PASO, Tex., March 17.? United
States immigration officers and soldiers
of the border patrol engaged in a long
battle to-night with Mexicans at a
point on the Rio Grande near here.
Two soldiers have been wounded and a
bullet grazed the head of one of the
! immigration officers.
! The battle was still going on at 12:45
I A. M.
I
Leeds Child
Issue in Case
Of Stilimansi
Banker Said to Have Been
Identified by Picture as
Person Who Posed as Co?
respondent's Husband
Woman Reported
To Be in Florida
_ i
Bought Share in Park Av. |
Apartments, but Visited
the Place Only Twice
The legitimacy of two children is
at issue in the Stillmna divorce pro?
ceedings, according to information ob?
tained yesterday from a person thor?
oughly conversant with the case.
One of them, as has been told, is Guy
Stillman, born in November, 1918, whom
James A. Stillman, president of the
National City Bank, named as co-de?
fendant in his action against his wife,
Mrs. Anne Urquhart Stillman, alleg?
ing that the child's father is Fred
Beauvais, a French-Canadian, formerly
employed on the Stillman estate on
the St. Maurice River in Quebec.
Tho other child is Jay, the son of
the mysterious Mrs. Florence H. Leeds,
formerly of 64 East Eighty-sixth Street,
the woman named as co-respondent in
the moving papers attached to Mrs.
Stillman's amended answer to her hus?
band's suit. Jay Leeds was born in
September, 1918, and Mr. Stillman. is
alleged to be his father. It is said that
Mr. Stillman's efforts to obtain a di?
vorce are impelled not only by his de?
sire to disinherit the infant whom he
believes to be another's son, but to
free himself from Mrs. Stillman so
that he may be free to marry Mrs.
Leeds, whom, it is said, he met while
she was appearing in "The Century
Girl" in 1916.
Wife May Name Other Women
While it is definitely asserted that
Mrs. Leeds is the sole co-respondent
mentioned by Mrs. Stillm-n n ' r
counter move, a statement is made by
those connected with ?he case mat ,ui,..
Stillman i& in position to press her light
with other allegations.
Mrs. Stillman's propose? amended
answer to the complaint of her hus?
band, according to report here, con?
tains the allegation that intimate rela?
tions between Mr. Stillman and Mrs.
Leeds began in September, 1917.
In tho counter papers filed by Mrs.
Stillman the apartment on East Eighty
sixth Street, and a country place at
Stony Brook, L. I., are named. The
allegation concerning Mr. Stillman and
Mrs. Leeds, it >s said, is bated upon
affidavits made by Mrs. Sorhie Erick
son Bartkoff, of 172-1 Park Avenue,
maid of Mrs. Leeds; Frank Ivans, su?
perintendent of the apartment house
mentioned, and Hannah Johnson, of
Setauket, L. I? formelly employed as
cook at the Stony Brook establishment
of Mrs. Leeds.
One of the facts set forth in the
affidavits, it is said, is that the de?
ponents identified a photograph of Mr.
Stillman as that of the person they
knew as Franklin H. Leeds, husband of
Mrs. Leeds.
Mrs. Leeds is described as the
daughter of a shopkeeper and is said
to be about twenty-two years old and
to have appeared on the stage in minor
roles prior to her ail?!ged association
with Mr. Stillman.
Mrs. Leeds Changes Apartments
Mrs. Leeds, who left the apartment
in East Eighty-sixth Street last July,
about the time that papers in the
divorce case were served on M'rs. Still?
man and her infant son, moved, it.was
learned yesterday, to a cooperative
apartment house at 969 Park Avenue,
in which she bought a share, and which
she visited only twice before departing
for Florida. M. H. Curran, superin?
tendent of the apartment house, de?
scribed her as follows:
"She was a beautiful young, woman,
with hair of what I think they call
Titian coloring. She was quiet and
pleasant, although on neither occasion
did she stay more than a few minutes.
"She merely wanted me to see that
the decorators were admitted and also
to arrange for tho connection of the
gas stoves and other details. She
came alone on each occasion.
"She told me she would spend the
winter in Florida and there was no
great hurry about the decorations,
which could be attended to later. As
a matter of fact, they were not com?
pleted until late in October.
"Some time later, I forget just when,
I began to receive visits from a num?
ber of mysterious individuals who
wanted to know what I could tell them
about Mrs. Leeds. They showed me
photographs and I was able to identify
her, but, of course, I could not tell
them anything more than I have told
you. These visits continued for about
a fortnight, and just when I had be?
come exasperated they ceased."
Efforts to discover Mrs- Leeds in
Florida have proved unsuccessful so
far.
The French Canadian named by Mr.
Stillman, whose home is at the other
end of the continent, was a man of
?Continue on rat* efgtit)
Clara Hamon
Acquitted on
First Ballot
"Happiest Person in the i
World!" She Cries as j
She Is Freed of Charge
of Murdering Politician j
Called Victim
Of Man She Shot j
Dead Millionaire Excori?
ated Before Jury forj
"Luring Innocent Girl"
ARDMORE, Okla., Maren 17.?Clara
Smith Hamon was found not guilty to?
day of the murder of Jake L. Hamon,
millionaire oil man and Republican Na?
tional Committeeman. whom she shot
here November 21, 1920.
Clara obtained the information fully ?
seven minutes before the verdict was ?
rendered in open court and sat, sur- i
rounded by members of her family,
half smiling, half afraid to believe the !
nods of assurance that were bent to?
ward her.
She gasped as the verdict was an?
nounced and dropped forward in her
chair. Her brother Jimmie reached
around from the left side and kissed
her. He was in tears.
There was some applahse, but the
court had demanded silence and it
quickly was stilled. Clara went to ths
jury box and shook hands with the
jurors.
"I am the happiest person in the
world," Clara said to those who be- j
sieged her as she gave them both i
nands.
B. F. C. Loughridge, seventyrthree. ?
the oldest man in the box and the fore- I
man, delivered the verdict. The jurors
.<? aid only one ballot was taken, a secret
one, confirmed by a rising vote.
"It was the only thing we could do,"
one said as he left the courtroom.
None of the family of Jake L Hamon
was in the courtroom when the verdict
was rendered. Neither was S. P. Free
ling, Attorney General, who made a
plea for conviction forty minutes be
?orc the jury arrived at its decision.
Widow Is Not Told
To-night at the home here of Mrs.
Jake Hamon it was said that she had
not been told of the verdict and that
she would not be until to-morrow be?
cause of her physical and mental con?
dition. Jake L. jr. said that if hii
mother was. given the information of j
the acquittal after such brief consid-j
eration by the jury it "would tend to]
throw her into a collapse, on the verge
of which she is right now."
Clara Smith Hamon used a secret
passage from the courtroom to escape
the crowds which threatened to over?
whelm her with congratulations. To?
night her plans for the future. were
incomplete, she and members of her
counsel said. She is considering a
number of business offers, according
to Walter Scott, of Fort Worth, Tex.,
one of her counsel.
In the course of the trial it was
brought out that Clara had made a
statement that she believed Mr. Hamon
left a will in which provision was
made for her and that it was being
kept secret until after the trial.
To-night her attorneys were uncom?
municative as regard reports that in
: view of the young woman's acquittal
they intended immediately to bring
suit against the Hamon estate for an
interest for her.
.\fter an effort of the defense to !
waive its right of argument and have !
the case go immediately to the jury
had been ruled out by Judge Thomas j
W. Champion this morning, defense i
counsel began its plea for acquittal, j
Joe Ben Champion, twin brother o? !
the judge, opened for the defense. He j
referred to the participation in the !
case of Attorney General Freeling as !
"a high state official sent down here to j
prosecute a poor, innocent country girl j
for shooting a millionaire."
Clara Smith Hanion's eyes filled with !
tears at this reference and she sat with i
downcast face.
"Lured by Master Mind"
"When Jake Hamon met her," Cham- !
pion said, "she was a brown-eyed girl; ;
when he lured, coaxed, wooed, and won, j
he was a powerful lawyer of furty ?
years, a master mind.
"He took her, an innocent country;
girl, educated her, sent her to college, !
not that she might serve him as a ste- i
nographer, but that finally in the end !
she might yield to his brutal passions." ,
"If tho grave could upen up and the
dead man have a reproach of con- i
i science, he would tell you that he is the !
one most to blame," Champion shouted.
"Girls like this have ever been ac- !
quitted; girls like this ever will bei
acquitted so long as the spirit of God j
lasts," Champion said. He asked ?
whether "breathed there a man who I
would say this little girl should pay:
? with her life." i
Mr. Mathers followed Champion. In j
? pleading for Clara's acquittal he de
claree, that she had helped accumulate |
: Hamon's millions, but that the jury !
; could not weigh gold against her tears. !
"There was never a Bible in Jake ?
Hamon's room," Mathers charged, "be- j
(Con?lnuod en paie ?I?)
I_
Express Loot Paid Poker Debts
Of Messengers, One Testifies
MAC?N, Ga., March 17.?Valuable
express shipments alleged to have been i
stolen by messengers were used to pay '
poker debts contracted in games on ;
the trains, W. A. Hughes, former mes?
senger, informed a jury in United
States District Court here to-day in i
the trial of more than fifty persons on !
charges of conspiracy to steal from
? the Federal government
The witness related how end doors
! of the express cars were thrown open [
? on trips, "That gave us two cars of
shipments to look over to see if there \
'< was anything that we wanted," he ex?
plained. "Then we often played poker [
? together on the runs. I played f re- ;
; quently with J. L. Johnson, C, F.
! McMillan and C. W. Pearce, three of
I the defendants.
"We did not talk much about stealing
while we were playing1, but when one of
?'s went broke we had to ?ret something
out of the shipments t6 sell to the win- i
ning players, so that we could get
more money with which to continue ;
the game. One of the players would '
buy something from the one that went
broke, if we could find something that j
he wanted."
W. G. Mixon and Ernest Fields were
named as the first who told him about
stealing. Fields, it is reported, is in
the Philippine Islands. Three others
wanted by the government are said to
have escaped. I
i "After 1917," Hughes testified "the-,
nractice of receiving orders for goods |
became general. The railroad men ;
would give orders for suits of clothing,
automobile tires, women's underwear
and other things. Later on they not '
only called for things that they, could j
use themselves, but for things they
could sell to other people." |
Dirt joii lose something or were 70a a j
lucky finder of some valuable article? ,
Insert a Lost and Found ad In to-morrow'? ;
Tribune 1'hone Beekman 3000.?Advt.
France Read
Article X if
Agree to E
y to Scrap
U.S. Will
nter League
Harding Will
Hold Fast to
Monroe Idea
Firm Stand Against Any!
League Mediation on !
This Continent Said to
Figure in His Policy
By Carter Field
WASHINGTON, March 17.?The Mon
roe Doctrine is going to be observed by
this government regardless of the ex?
isting League of Nations. Further,
nothing will be agreed on with regard
to the proposed association of nations
which will weaken the influence of the
United States in the Western Hemi?
sphere in the slightest extent.
This, it was learned on high author?
ity to-day, will be made clear to the
representatives of European powers
whose pilgrimages to Washington are
about to begin.
It is known that nothing which has
developed since election has given
President Harding such grave concern
as the reported possibility of the
League of Nations intervening in the
Panama-Costa Rica controversy. It was
the fear of such a complication, it is
known, which resulted in such speedy
action by this government in directing
those two little countries to cease fight?
ing and compose their difficulties.
President Firm in Position
President Harding is deteimined
about the continuance of the Monroe
Doctrine. Even if his discussions with
Ren? Viviani and with" the representa?
tives of other European powers in the
next few months should fall to'bring
forth fruit, and his plan for an associ?
ation of nations along American lines
should not materialize, in which event
some diplomats hers think the present
League of Nations would go on at?
tempting to function without American
participation, Mr. Harding has not the
slightest intention of surrendering the
old policy of preventing European na?
tions from interfering with affairs in
the Western Hemisphere.
The Administration, it is declared,
showed its attitude unmistakably when
the Cabinet discussed the Panama
Costa Rica incident. The President
was warmly supported in his belief
that under no circumstances should the
League of Nations Council or Assembly
be permitted to take a hand in settling
this controversy, or, by the same
token, any other controversy involving
territory in North, ?South or Central
America.
While the situation might easily
have developed into a serious mat?
ter, and while future incidents of
the same nature may easily, because of
the greater power of the countries
which might be involved, be more
serious than this, it is not thought that
the existing league could ever bring
about a condition as serious as some
incidents of the past?notably the case
of Venezuela in her troubles at one
time with Germany and at another
with Great Britain.
New Complication Presented
But another complication exists with
regard to such situations as the
Panama-Costa Rica incident., which has
never been present before and which
is regarded with grave concern by high
AdminiRtmtion officials. That is, that
virtually (ill of the Latin American
countries belong to the League of Na?
tions. Therefore, under the league
covenant they are entitled to take their
troubles to the league for adjudication.
This brings up the real reason for
the sudden, and to many of his friends
surprising decision of President Har?
ding to demand ratification of the
Colombian treaty under which thi3
country would smooth o\er the old
wounds by paying her $25,000,000.
The President is desperately anxious
to do something to ailay the distrust,
hostility and fear of the United States
which he has been told exist in many
of the Central and South American
countries So long as the present feel
ing against the United States exists he
believes, not only is the path of ?com?
merce made more difficult for American
manufacturers and interests of all sorts,
but the danger of a reaily serious situ?
ation involving the right of the League
of Nations to ignore the Monroe Doc?
trine is always present.
Awkward Situation Possible
"For example," a Senator pointed out
to-day, "suppose that" two of the Dig
countries of South America, such as
Brazil, Chile or Argentine?1 mention
three so as to avoid the possibility of
rny one thinking I mean a real quar?
rt j?should be about to eo to war, and
r.uppose they both decided to refer the
question to the League of Nations. The
United States would find itself in a po?
sition where it either had to surrender
ihe essence? of the Monroe Doctrine or
else combat successfully the desire? not
cnly of the League of Nations mem?
ber's but of these two important South
American countries. With the present
fueling against thi? country in Latin
America?--due largely to some of the
remarkable performances of the last
Administration?it is entirely possible
that the united sentiment of all Latin
\merica would be against our interfer
ence. It would be a decidedly awkward
situation."
Against this, of course, those oppos?
ing the treaty say, in tne language of
the Lodge report of two years ago, that
"we cannot afford to buy friendship"
or to yield to "blackmail."
However, this is tne real explanation
of Mr. Harding's anxiety about the Co?
lombian treaty, although whether he
gets it or whether he does not will
make no difference in his determina?
tion to preserve the Monroe Doctrine
at ?ny ?oat.
.
1" . '1
Berlin Favors U. S, as
War Debt Arbitrator
BERLIN, March 17 (By The
Associated Press).?The repeated
suggestion contained in foreign
dispatches received here that the
United States be made the ar?
biter of differences between Ger?
many and the Entente concerning
the amount of reparations Ger?
many can pay without disrupting
her economic and industrial life,
meets with favor among the Ger?
man officials. They hesitate, how?
ever, to indorse the suggestion
- openly, as they say such action
probably would be offensive to the
Entente.
11_i
i
BonarLawQuits
I Cabinet, Gives
Up Leadership
-,?
?111 Health Is Ascribed as
Reason for Resignation of
Privy Seal Lord and Gov?
ernment Commons Chief
I Coalition May Dissolve
?Retirement Is Expected to
Result in a General Elec?
tion in the Near Future
From The Tribune's European Bureau
Copyright, 1921, New York Tribune Inc.
LONDON, March 17.?Andrew Bonar
Law. Lord of the Privy Seal and gov?
ernment spokesman in the House of
Commons, has resigned from the Cab
I inet because of ill health.
j Premier Lloyd George, rising in Par?
liament to-night to announce the min
ister's-' resignation, choked back sobs
as he read the letter Bonar Law had
written him.
"It is my painful duty"- began
the Premier, but he could not continue.
After an effort to control his emotions
the Premier took from the table before
him the letter of resignation. Its writer
was once a bitter political enemy, but
for years Bonar Law has been the Pre?
mier's most loyal collaborator and
political aid. They have stood together
in many political storms
Letter Gives Reasons
Lloyd George paused a moment and
then read slowly from the letter:
"The strain of the last few years has
pressed most heavily on me. ... I am
quite worn out and my medical advisers
have warned me that unless i get a
long restan early and. complete break?
down is inevitable. In the circum?
stances I have no choice but to aban?
don my political life."
The Premier sat down without offering
any words of explanation. The whole
house seemed staggered by the news
that the man who had been their lead?
er since 1916 was quitting public life.
Herbert Asquith, leader of the govern?
ment's critics, was first on his feet to
express his profound regret. He was
followed by J. R. Clynea, of the Labor
party.
After the session Premier Lloyd
George told The Tribune correspondent
that he believed Bonar Law's retire?
ment would be temporary only. The
Premier expressed the belief that the
Minister would return to political life
when his health improved.
The House of Commons was no less
prepared for the announcement than
the country at large, for only a few
days ago Bonar Law became provo3t
of Glasgow University. He has
earned a reputation as an indefatigable
worker, for rarely has he been outside
of Downing Street. He has been the
Premier's closest official neighbor.
Hear of Break With Premier
As soon as the Premier had made
his announcement political gossips
began to circulate rumors that the
resignation had been brought about by
a break between Bonar Law and Lloyd
George over the government's Irish
policy or the trade agreement that was
signed this week with Russia. The
(Continued en next ?ate)
| Dynamite on Car Tracks
Injures Two at Albany
Explosion Damages Houses; Six
Others Hurt in Collisions
on Traction Lines
ALBANY, N. Y., March 17.?An ex?
plosion wh'ch damaged a streetcar
transporting strike breakers of the
United Traction Company back to their
j headquarters after the evening's work,
j broke windows in many houses to-night.
A state trooper, riding on a motorcycle,
received injuries to his leg when thrown
to the pavement, and an invalid in a
nearby house Buffered a slight scalp
wound from broken glass.
Th/i state troopers later arrested a
man who was held without bail on the
tech *z&] charge of breach of peace, j
! Officers expressed the belief that a stick j
! of dynamite had been placed on the car '
tracks.
Several accidents occurred to-day in
connection with the streetcar strike, re?
sulting in the minor injuries to six per?
sons. The accidents included the col?
lision of trolley cars with each other and
j with automobiles.
Viviani to Make Formal
Offer in Effort to in?
duce Harding to Ac?
cept Rest of Covenant
Seek to Preserve
Versailles Pact
O-ther Policy Held to Im?
peril Action Already
Taken Under the Treaty
PARIS, March 17 (By The Asso?
ciated Press).?Ren? Viviani, for?
mer Prime Minister of France, on
his forthcoming visit to the United
States will go prepared to ask on
behalf of the Council of the League
of Nations whether the United
States government will enter the
League of Nations provided Article
X is stricken from the covenant o?
the league.
This has not been disclosed offi?
cially, nor by M. Viviani himself, but
it is the understanding of his inti?
mate associates in public life i"hat
this will be the primary object of his
visit to Washington.
M. Viviani will set forth considera- ?
tions which he considers will make it
easy for the United States to enter the
League of Nations. He has talked over
the question not only with members of
the French government but with the a
Council of the League and with va- I
rious persons in Paris who are regard- "
el as having special knowledge of the
United States.
Seeks to Save Covenant
Further, it is understood that M.
Viviani will point out that the French
and Allied nations cannot abandon '."the
covenant of the league because it is
inseparably interwoven with the exe?
cution of the Treaty of Versailles, first,
with Regard to the administration of
the Saar region; second, the adminis?
tration of Danzig and the Polish cor?
ridor; third that it has given title to the
districts of the Eupen and Malm?dy to
Belgium, and, fourth, that it is charged
to supervise the restriction of Ger?
many's armament, and that of her late
allies along with other nat'on?, aiter
the withdrawal of the Allied Military
Commission.
Besides, M. Viviani will contend that
any efforts to separate the covenant
from the treaty would render less se?
cure the fact that the treaty already
has established the peace of Versailles.
This is deemed particularly important
because the Allies at present are ap?
plying military and economic pressure
to enforce the treaty.
Strong Advocate of League
M. Viviani became a strong partisan
of the League of Nations H ????'h?? ?*.?
recent meetings of the Assembly of the
league at Gejiev un . i
replaced L?on Bourgeois i ;; the prin?
cipal French exponent of the league.
St?phane Lauzanne, chief editor of
The Matin, will accompany M. Vmanl
to the United States. M. Lauzanne was
one of the important representatives of
the French government in the United
States for the presentation of the
French point of vtew during two years
of the war.
Senators Oppose League,
Even Without Article X
Borah Group to Reject Report?
ed Plea To Be Male by
Viviani on Mission to V. S.
From The Tribune's Washington bureau
WASHINGTON, March 17. ? Dis?
patches from Paris indicating that
Rene Viviani, former Premier of
France, is coming to Washington pre?
pared to ask on behalf of the Council
of the League of Nations that tha
United States enter the league, pro?
vided Article X is stricken out of it,
to-night stirred profound interest- in
the capital
The Senators who from the begin?
ning have looked askance on the League
of Nations have been of the impres?
sion from the moment it was announced
that Viviani was to come to this coun?
try that his purpose was as a matter o:
fact to draw the United States inte
the league. Consequently the report:
from Paris, though not verified ii
Washington, hnve caused no surpris?.
The former Premier of France, wh<
is a man of ability and eloquence, as?
who was a visitor to this country <
the time of the war, is assured of i
flattering reception here. This is
foregone conclusion. At the same tinu
it is equally true that any attemp
which he may make to get the Unite
States to join the League of Nation
on any terms whatever, even with Art;
cle X eliminated, will encounter th
most bitter opposition.
Irreconcilable? in the Senate, in spit
of the fact they have dwelt much o
Article X, by no muans confu? ? "i
opposition to entrance into the !#tg I
to the provisions of this articl-.s. Th
oppose any entangling alliances tf - o
kind with the nations of Europe. I he
.?tend on this as a principle, and ft. ne
the elimination of Article X will by e
means remove their opposition.
Senator Borah, of Idaho, who was
leader in the Senate tight against th
entrance of the United States into th
league and who denounced Article X i
the strongest terms, said to-night th?
if it was true that Viviani was com in
here to try to get the Unitod States t
enter a leagus covenant with Article
eliminated it was nothing less tha
''impjrt?jtriit." Sen?! or Loi ah said th?
in view of the attitude taken by th
country hitherto any initiative towai
entrance into the league and the nan
ing of the terms^of entrance ought 1
come from the U0ted States.
Senator Borah made it clear he b
lieved there would be intense oppogttic