New-York tribune. [volume], December 09, 1922, Page 4, Image 4

About New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924

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Harding Counsels Lawmakers on_
Vital Problems in Message to Congress
Prohibition Most Demoralizing
Factor in U. S., Says President
Calls for Strict Enforcement. Strike ( .urle?, Child La?
bor Amendment. Kan on Tax-Free Issues Rail
Merpcr*. Farm Aid, Helpful Policy ?Abroad
ream The htmseurt a oaMa-ten Mormon
WASHINGTON, Dec. 8.?Tkt text of Frtsident Harding's
rnessage to Congress to-day follows in full:
Bombera et the CoR?jjreii:
80 many prwbUrn? are ?-?Iliac for
??)?#tlon that a recital of all of ta?ara?
ta? fa?? of th? known limitatloaa
at a ?hort ?eaalon of Congres?, would
?eean to lack aineerity of purpoae.
it U four yeara amee the World War
ended, but the inevitable re*dju?t
meat of the ?ocial and aconon-ic or?
der la net mere the? barely begun.
- re i? a* acoe-fJtaae? of pre-war
eaaditiona anywhiro in the world.
In a very g*-t.e:-?l way huraanr...
hart indJvnJual wtab? to pon with
war-time c-?Bvpe-n?ationa for produc?
tion, with pre-war requirement? in
expenditure. In ahort, every on?,
?fveakinir Isroadly. crave? readjuit?
aaent for everybody except himself,
while there can l>c no juat and per?
manent readjuatim-rtt except when
all participate.
. vi 1 nation which measured
it* atrer.ffth of genius and th? power
?f ?clenee and the reaourcea of In
dattnc*-. in add.tur. to twt?n?; ta*
limit* of ?n?n power and th? endur?
ase? and heroism of men and women
?ame civ 1 ??ration i? brouftit
ta It* severest tt.t ?n reatoring a
. araj] order and committing hu?
manity to the ?table way? of peace.
If the ?ober and deliberate ap?
ira, ?al of pre-war civilization make?
It aeem a werth-whll? inheritance,
then with patier.n? and good cour?
age it will be preserved. There
?ever again will he precisely the old
order; indeed, I know of no one who
thinka it to he desirable. For out of
the old order cm.?, the war it?elf,
?ad th?; established and
made aecurr, never will permit ita
racurreneo.
It i? no figure of apeech to ?ay wo
bave come t<> the test of our civilita
?lot. Th? world ha? been paaaing -
?day pausing through * great
1. The cnn.lurt of war itaelf
1? not more difficult than the ?o
1 which neces?
sarily folio*. 1 am not ?peaking
?t this moment of th? problem
a it? wider ??pert of world re?
al. Utat.on or of international r?
lationahip. Th? refareaaa in to our
own social, fnur.f.i.l and economic
'ems at home. 'Ilieae thing? aro
?et t y i? prob?
lem? ?part from all ?bernational re?
inal p. a it ? ?a must b?
?el* to curry at f. elae Ha
uatlenal nletioasktp will have
acaat Importance.
Doubt let? our own people hav?
emerged from the World War tumult
less impaired than most belligerent
powers; probably we have mad?
largar progres? toward reconstru?
'Tv we have been fortunat*
in dimir.iskjng unemployment, and
our Industrial and business activities,
which ar? the Itfebltod of our ma?
terial existence, bav? been restored
a? in bo other reconatruetioti period
of like length In th? history of th?
world. Mad w? ??cape* th? e??l and
railway strikes, which had no excuse
for their beginning and less justifi?
cation for their delayed settlement.
w? ?hould b?v? don? Infinitely better.
But labor ws? insistent on holding to
th? war heights, heedless forces of
reaction sought the pre-wsr levels,
and both were wrong. Ir. the folly
?? conflict our progress was hindered,
and the heavy cost has not yet been
fully i-ttimated. There can b?
neither aVdju?tment nor the pen?lty
of the failure to readjust in which all
do not ?otae'aow participate.
Th? mtlway ?trise accentuated the
difficu.'j of th? American farmer.
Th? first distress of readjustment
cam? to the farmer, and it will not
be a readjustment fit to abide until
he is relieved. The distress brought
t* the farmer doe? not affect him
alone. Agricultural ill-fortune is a
national Ill-fortune. That one-fourth
of our population which produces th?
food of the Republic and adds ?o
largely to our export commerce must
participate in the good fortunes of
th? nation, also there is aone worth
retaining.
Agriculture i? ? vital activity In
our national life. In it we had
itiing, and its westward march
with th? Star of the empire has re?
flected th? growth of the Republic. It
has its vicissitudes which no legisla?
tion wi?l prevent, it? hardships for
which r.o law can provide ?scuj>e.
But the Congress can raak? avallnbl?
to the farnxr ?he financial facilities
which have been built up under gov?
ernment aid and supervision for
other commercial ?nd industrial
enterprise?. It m?y be done on the
same solid fundamentals and make
the vitally Important agricultural in?
dustry more secure, and it must be
dor?.
Wider Farm and Land Credits Urged.
With Belter, Cheaper Transportation
11, s Cone-res?- u'.Tea?y ha? tatter
(?gnizane? of the misfortune whicl
pr?cipit?t? deflation brought tc
Aaseriran agriculture Tourm???urei
f and reduction of the Federa
a ciseount rat* undoubted!?!
???.<! 'he e'.nrtry from widespread
diaasur Th? very proof of n?lp
fulne?? ?lre?Hy friven is the strong
??t ?rgument r?l ta? permanent es
tablishment ts, here?
tofore temp through
th* Wsr Fm?r. ? on.
Th? Farm Loan Bureau, which ?!
ready has preved K? usefulness
through thl Land bank?.
may well have its powers enlarged
to provide ampio farra production
well as enlarged land
M rely practical to
create a division in the Federr.1 Ijind
baas? to deal with production
i, with tho limitation of time
?o adjusted to th? farm turnover as
the Federal Reserve ?y?teni pro
vlde? for thi r in the manu
' tantile wo
rial m for live
? k.-id th?
??fely
enlarged \nriou? measure? ?re pend
? ?t judg
be ex
pretse'l in i nsctment at
?
But Amerir?n agriculture
mor? than added credit facilities.
The credit? will help to solve the
pressing problems growing out of
Bated land valu?? and th?
?reetie deflation t>' three years ago,
but penaaaeat ? i aWarrad agri
aaftarel good fortune depend? on
better and cheaper transportation.
?era i? ?n outstanding problem
demanding tho moat rigorous eon
ration of th? Congre?s and th?
enar try. It has to do with more than
agriculture It provides the channel
for the flow of the country's com?
merce. Hit the farmer is partieu
hsrd hit. His market, ?o af
fee*. ?? ?> world consumption,
doe? net ndmt of th? price adjust?
ment to meet earry\ng char?-*?. In
th? last half of tho year now clos?
ing th? railway?, broken in carrying
capacity because of motive power and
g stock out of order, though
ir.? ?taring to th? cor.?
?ml'? ?lent? or denied
him cars when fortuna** markets
were eallina Too frequently trans-*
pertatton fallad whil? peh?hah1?
product? were turning from possible
profit to loases counted in tens ef
millions.
I know of r.o problem exceeding it.
importance thia one of -tr?n?|.
tlon. In our complex and interde?
pendent modern lif? transportation
- senti?! to our very existence.
l.?t us pas? for the moment th?
menace in the possible paralysis of
?uch service as w. r?v?i and not?
th" failure, for whatever reason, to
, expand our transportation to meat
i the nation's needs.
The cens?a of 1880 recorded a pop?
ulation of o0,000,00t). In two decades
more we may reasonably expect to
count thrice that number. In the
three d'-rades ended In 1920 the coun
try'a freight by ral' increased from
631,0W,0W tons to 2.234,<rf)0,0C*0 ton?;
that ia to aay, while our population
was increasing less than 70 per cent
* ' - fralght movement tncr?a??d over
260 per cent.
V?e have built 40 per cent rf the
world's railroad mileage, and yet find
it inadequate to our present requir?
Wben we contemplate the
; inadequacy of to-day it !? easy to
believe that th? next few dtcade?
! will witness the paralysis of nur
. tranaportatlon-u?ing boc?bI irhcme
or a complete reorganiza! I? >n ma toma
new bast?. Mindful r.f the trtmon
dnua costa of betterments.
and expansions, and mindful of the
staggering debts of the world to-day,
, the difficulty is magnified. ITere is
1 a problem demanding wide vision and
the avoidance of mere makeshift*.
No matter what the errors of the
past, no matter how we acclaimed
construction and then condemned op?
erations in the past, we have the
tr?nsportatlon and the honest invest?
ment in the transportation which
aped us on to what we are, and we
face conditions which re**.
. adequacy to-day, its greater inade
. quaey to morrow, ?nd we contemplate
r ran apo nation coats which much of
the traffic can not and will r.ot con
tin ?
Manifeatly. we have r.eed to begin
on plans to ro-ordinat?s all transpor?
tation facilities. W? ahouid more ef?
fectively connect up our rail ?;nes
with our carrier? by sea. We ought
to reap some benefit from the hun
dreda of million? expended on inland
waterwaya, proving out capacity to
utilise aa well at expend, we ought
? to turn the motor truck into a mil
way feeder and distributor instead of
a destroying competitor.
Merged Rail Lines* Car Pooling and
Use of Motors as Feeders Proposed
h would bo folly to ignore that
ass Hvo in a motor age. The motor
ear reflects oar standard of living
aad gauges th? ?peed of our present
day Hf?. It long ?go ran down
Sle-.pi? Living, ?nd nr-.er halted to
inquir? ?bout tl.e prostrate f.gure
which fell a? its ?tatisa. With full
r*o*gnit!on of motor c?r trantport?
tlon w? mutt turn it to the most
practical use. It can eot supersede
th? railway lines, no matter how gen-?
?rously we afford it highway? out of
th? public Treasury. If freight traf?
ic ly ?toter wer? charged with it*
proper and proportionate shar? of
Sign way construction, we should find
much of it wasteful and mor? costly
than lik* service by rail. Yet sv*
have paralleled th? railway?, a most
natural lin? of construct-on, and
th?r?by taken away from th? agency
?f expected ?ervice much of it? prof?
itable traffte which th? taxpayer?
hav? been providing th? highways,
who?? cost of maintenance is not y?t
realized.
The Federal government has a
right to inquire into th? wisdom ef
this policy, beeaus? th? National
T'e?sury is contributor lsrge'y tc
highway cons*ruction. Costly
highway? ought to le m?
as feeder? rather than competitor?
at th? railroads, and th? motor truck
?heuld become a ro-ordm?t* factor
la our grast distributing ?y?tem?
?ala t?maap?nat)oa problem caa
not be waive 1 ?aid?. Th? demand
for lowered cvst? on farm products
and basle material? can not be ig?
norad. Rates horixentally increased,
to m?-ot increased wage outlays dur?
ing the war inflation, are net easily
reduced. When aome very moderate
wage reduction? were effected last
summer there ara? a & per cent h?>ri
contal reduction in rates. I sought
at that time, in a very informal way,
to have th? rail?ay managers go be?
fore th? Interstate Commerce Con
mlssinn and agree to a he?vi?r re?
duction on f?rm product? and coal
and othar baaic commodities, and
- unrhanfjed the freight tariff?,
which a eery large portion of the
traffic waa able to beer. Neither the
managers nor the eommicsien ?aw fit
to adopt the auggration, ao we had
the boricontal reduction too alight
to be felt by the higher claa? cargo??
and too little to benefit th? heavy
age calling moat loudly for re
Railway? are not to be expected to
render the meat ?aaenti?) service in
our ?ociaJ organisation without a
fair return on capital invested, but
the government ha? gon? ?o far in
the regulation of rates and rule? of
operatitn that it has the responsi?
bility of pointing the way to the re?
duced freight ceat? m easontlal to
oor national welfare.
.?rnment operation dee? not ai
ford-??th? cur?. It w?s government
ope*'ion which brought a? to th?
\ery order of thing? against which
we now r.b.1, and w? ?t* ?till I
rg the costs of that supremo
folly.
Surely the genius of the railway
builders ha. not become ? xtlnet
among the railway managers. N.w
?conomie?, new efficiencies In co-op?
eration, ??at be fouhd, The fact
that labor take? Mi to ?50 per cent of
total railway earring? make? limit?
tien? within which to effect ?
mi?? very difficult, but the demand i?
no lesa Insistent on that account.
Clearly the managers are without
that inter carrier. c?> oper?tiv? rela
ti?nahlp ao hifhly ??arntl?! to th?
best and meat economical operation,
i a?y could not function in harmony
when the ?trlk? threatened the pa
r?ly?la of ?II rail?." trar ?pnrtatlon.
The relationship i * the ?ervle? to
riublic welfare, so intimate!* ?ffecte?!
>y state and Federal regulation, do
m?nds th? effectif' correlation and
a concerted drive to meet an In- '
?latent and justified public demand.
Th- merger of lines into systems, '
a facilitated interchange of freight
car?, the economic u?e of terminals
and ike ron?*lidation of facilities aro
suggested ?ays of economy and cffi
I r?raind you that (.?ngresa pro?
vided a joint commission of agricul?
tural inquiry which mad? an exhaus
tiv? investigation of car s?rvlce ?ni
tr?n?portation, and unanimously r?r
ommended in its report of October
16, 1921, th?- pooling of freight car?
under a central agency. This r
well deserve? your serious consider?
tion. ! think well ..- the central
agency, which shall b? a creation of
th? railway? themselves, '
under the (nris'l-ction of the Inter?
state Commerce Commission, the
meant for financing rquipmer.t for
carrier? which ?re otherwise un?bl?
to provide their proportion of c?r
equipment Adequate to transporta
tion n?*d?. This ,?ma agency ought
: ?int th? way to every possible
economy in maintained equipment
and the necessary interchange In
railway comme;
Would Abolish Rail Labor Board
For New Tribunal Under the h C. C.
Ir. a previous address to the Con
' gress I called to your attention the
insufficiency of power to enforce the
decisions of the Railroad labor
Board. Carrior? have ignored It*
decision, on the one hand; railway
workmen have challenged it? de?
cision by a strike, on th? other h?nd.
The inUnt at Congre?? to rstah
1i?h a tribunal to which railway labor
and managers may appeal respecting
question? of wage? and working con?
dition? cannot be too ?trongly com
m?nd?d. It i? vitally important that
some such agency ?hould be a guar?
anty against ?uapendod opera
Tho public mu?t be ?pared even the
threat of discontin?en service.
Sponsoring the railroads as we do,
it i? an obligation that labor ?hall
b? assured th? highest justice and
every proper consideration of wago
and working conditions, but It is
an equal obligation to see that no
concerted action in forcing demand?
?hall deprive the public of the trans?
portation service eaiential to it? very
existence.. It is now Impossible to
safeguard public Interest, becau??
the decrees of the board are unen?
forceable against tither employer or
er/iployee.
The Labor Board itself Is nor
constituted ns best to serve the pub
He Interests. With six partisan mem?
bers on a board of nine, three par?
tisans nominated by the employees
and three by the railway managers,
it is Inevitable that tne p?rti??-.
viewpoint is maintained throughou*
hearing? and in decisions handed
down. Indeed, the few exceptiftns to
a strictly partisan expression in de?
cision? thus far r?rde?-od have been
followed by accusations of betr.
of the partisan interests represe
Only tne public group of tart?
free to function In unbiased de?
cisions. Therefore the partisan
membership may well be abolished,
and decisions should be made by an
impartial tribunal.
I am w?ll con*, ?need that the fun?*
tiona of ttr.i? tribunal could be r.urh
better carrlad on her? in W?ahing
ton. Kvcn were it to be continued
?i a ?eparate tribunal, there ougi *
to be contact writh the Interstate
?"omtnerc? Commission, which ha?
supreme authority in the rate mak?
ing to wl.ich wage cost bear
indiaauluble relationahip.
rally. ? frir and living wage must
be drterrrln-d quit? apart from'th?
employer's earning capacity, but In
practite in the railway aervie? th.y
?re ins*p?r?blc. The record ??f a?l
vancrd rate. Increased
wagea. both determine?! by the gov?
ernment, i? proof ?nough.
The ?ubntitutlon of a labor divi?
sion in the Ir.t?rat?t? Commerce
I'ommisaion, mad- up from Ita mem?
bership, to hear and decid? diaputea
r lating to wagea and work ni: con
ia which have failed of adjust
ment by proper committeea created
waya ?nd their empl. yee?,
?.fiera a more effective plan.
It i;eed not be aurprlalrig that there
is dis?alisf??'ti?ii over delayed hear?
ing., and d?crions by the pr?
board when every trivial dispute i.<
carried to thu*. tribunal. Th? law
heald reaalre th? railro?d? Mid
th? ir employees to instlf..
and methods to negetlata b-*
themselves their constantly ari.ing
differences, limiting appeals t
government tribunal t.> dispu'.. ?
^f.;.racter ?s are likely to afl
the rublic welfare.
Thin suggested substitution will
necessary increase in th
mimbership of the commission, prob?
ably ute the II
dlvirion. If th? suggestion at)-.
to tr -?it will b? nr
labor division shall
be cor..* t.tute?! of representan.,
the four rate n?king territories,
thereby aasuring a tribunal co:
?ant with the conditions whim
tain In the different rate-rr.?king sec?
tions of the country'.
Insists on Power to Curb Strikes:
Will Modify Tariff as Needs Arise
?h I could bring to you the pre
ei?e reeommenri?tion for the pre
tion Of strike, n-hich thrt?ten the
welfare of th-- people ?nd menace
public ?afety. It is an Impotent civ.
iliration and an inadequate govern?
ment which lacjt? the genius and the
courage to runrd against such a
menace to public welfare II ?(
perieneed last summer. You were
?war? of the government'? gre?t con?
cern and 111 ?<mpt to aid in
en adjustnv
cusable obstinacy which was reap
aibl? for so much distress to the
country to recall r.ow thfct, though all
disputes ?re not yet adjusted, the
many settlements which have i
made wc-r? on the terms which tic
government proposed in media
Public Interest demand? that an;
pie power shall be eonfr ? I
the labor tributia!. whether
iird Of the ?uggesteii
?titule, to require its ruling? te
accepted by both psrtie? to a dis?
puted que*'
Let there I?
the purpose of the ,in?
forment of power to
i tferl Ivt. 1 ' ' ' ???:??
constitution?! right-, of eirhrr rail?
way awrtaaea or railway manag
No man can bs denied his right to
labor when and how he chooses, or
cea?e to labor when h? so ?lec'v but
?inca the ? assaa.es to
:-.terests while
ployed in an essential public service
the security of society itself demand?
hi? retirement from the service shall
not be so timed and related n
effect the destruction of that ?er.
This vitally essential public trans?
ition service, demanding so much
of brain and brawn, so much for
efficiency and ??runty, ought to <
the mint attractive working condi?
tions and th? hightst oi wage? paid
to workmen in any employment.
In ??sentisHy every branch, from
track repairer to the man at the
locomo' tbe railroad
worker is respons ?.? ' I s?fe?y
of human II? ctr? of vast
property. His hirh reaponaibility
might veil r?te hlcn hi? pay
It* th? traffic will bear; but
the lime responsibility, plus goverr
mental protection, may justly dar./
him and bis ?asoeutea a ?i'.hdrawal
from servie? without a warning <.r
under circumstances w h ich .
the paralysis of noceasary transpor?
tation. W? have assum-d ?
a reaponsibility in neceeaan regj
lation that we uneonseioualy have
???amed the responsibility for main
?ervic<>. There th? lawful
'arrement of deri
I? necessary to sustain, the
of government and to ad
welfare.
| it? loTiger ss.slon tl
? new tariff
law. The pr?.lection of the Ameri
I?
:r?r,ce it provide? r.g?.
' world eom
. ~ made
i for a ti rtaln flexil
-. her-by it Is pos
hem ?a de\ I
The en?-t
ment has Imposed a larg? responsi?
bility upon the Eteeutire, but that
responslbllit.. .rharged
?rita K ? -^SS Of ?"?I?
? e pro?
vision itself ?dmits either the pos?
sible fa ' ratee or 1 air un
auitablen.-a to cha.ie'ng con
-nt and pur?
pose to aafeguard Am.
trial activity, and at the aame time
the ex- ..f the
Americ-n cor.sun.
the path, of auch liberal exchange?
?t er.d?ngar our
Must Meet All Just Obligations Abroad
And Silence Radicals at Home
one contemplates con- -, s
aloofness nor any other ?loofi
contradictory to the best Ameiirar
?radition? or loftie?t human pur
po?es. Our fortunate capacity for
,-a-rative self-contair.ment srTi
the firm foundation on which t"
build for our own security ai
? like foundation on which to bu.ld for
'? a future of Influence and important
in world commerce. Our trad
I urslon must come of capacity and ,
of policies of righteousness ?nd roa
?onablones? in all our commercial
relations.
I>et te one assume that our ;
vision for maintained good fortune
at home and our unwillingness to
assume the correction of all th? i'.Is
of th? morid mean a reluctance to
?ernte with other peoples o
assume every just obligation to pr>
, mote human adtancement anywh??-!
! in th? world.
War made u? a creditor natU*
We did not seek an excess possession
?he world's gold and w? |
j neither desire to prof.t unduly by
its possession nor permanently re
i tain It We do not seek to become
I an international dictator b?cau?e of
its power.
The voice cf the United States has
a respectful hearing in international
; councils, because we have convinced
| th? world that w? have no selfish
| onda to serve, no old grievances to
?venge, M ' ?r other greed
'.o satisfy. But the voie? being heard
at of good counsel, not of dieia
| tion. It is the vele? of sympathy
and fraternity and helpfulness, seek?
ing ta assist but not assume for the
United States burdens which nation?
meat boar for themselves. We would
rejolc? to help rehabilitate currency
systems ?nd facilit?t? all commer?a
| which do?* not drag u? to tha v?ry
lotete ei tbaea wa seek ta lift ap
While I h?ve everlasting '.
our Republic, it would he folly in
deed to blind ouraelvea
home. Abusing the heapiul
ity of our shorea are the advocate?
Btien, finding their deluded
followers among those who take on
a- V
without knowing an American soul.
: ideeeeaee of hy?
phenated Americanism which art
MARTINI & ROSSI
Man-A/cOrWiC
VERMOUTH
I m r?r?a?, Italy
Boy it by th?
?raae?
Always keep a
.-Kt-ttleentbeiee?
Serre it straight
?aad yea bare a
delicio*.?* appe?
tizer
J?a?r ?-?a?
?i o.'i ?eal*r?
belt Airat? ? ?? l?? baited State*
W. A. TAYLOR A CO.
2? Broadway N?w York
? II
thought te hav? been ?tamped out
when w? committed the nation, llf?
and ?out. r 1 ) War.
There i? a rail to make the alien
respect our Institution? while he ?c
? i-ept? ..or hospitality. Ther? I? need
to magnify th? Am?rle?n viewpoint
UM alian ?ho ?eek? a ettisenship
among us. 1 d?re is r.e?J u> mag
the n?tlon?l viewpoint to American?
tgkont the Innd. More, there is '
a demand for ererf living being In
lb? I -spect and
?bid? by th? laws of the Republic
?nen who ?r? rending the moral
tiher of th? Henuhlic through e??y
contempt f*r the prohibition law,
beesus? th?y think it r?itrlct? th?lr
personal liberty, remember that they
s?t th? ???mpl? and hr??* ? con
t?mpt for law which will ultimately
destroy the I>p
Governors of States To Be Called
To Plan Stritt Dry Avt Enforeement
Constitution?! prohibition hi? bee
adopted by the nation. It is the ?u
preme In?- of the land. In plali
?peaking, there fare condition? reist
Ing to it? enforcement which ??vor e
nation-wide scandal. It it the mo?
dentoralixii g factor in our publn
* of our people assumed th?
- ?option of th? Elghtrentl
' meant the el.mlnatior
of the question from our polities. Or
atrary, ?t ha? been as
t'.rd ?? ?n issu? that many voters an
di?posed to make all political de
clsfons with reference t<> this ?ingle
?tion. It I? distracting the public
mind ?nd prejudicing the
of the electorate.
The day Is unlikely te rant? ?h?n
the Kightc-nth Amendment* will b?
repealed. Th? fact may as well be
recognised and our eoune adapted
accordingly. If the statutoty pro
visions f?r its enforcement are
trary to deliberate public opinion,
which I do not believe, the rigorous
and literal ?ni
trate public attention on any requi?
site modification.
Such a course conforma v
law ?nd ?aves th? humiliation of the
government and the humiliation of
our people before the world, and
challenge? the destreetiv? fere?
gaged in widespread violation, of?
ficial corruption, and individual d??
moralis?t.'
The 1 ?nt in?
volves the concurrent authori",
state ?nd Federal governments, for
the enforcement of the pi
fines. A certain lack of definitenes?,
through (1
thu? ?.rder to bring
about a full understanding of duties
(.nd responsibilities as thus d'strib
uted. I purpose to livite th- gover
I ?Ute? and territories, at
an early opportunity, to ? ceafer?
utivc ?Util
. free comidera
h will thus be potsib'
?ly ballevi . erge
I of
problem, ai pol
..'lonal and state co-opers
| ? laws.
? ndlng bills fnr '
a'.ien who has
I wish the pas
act might be < -
. American oppor
tunitie? is worth the srekini;, and
I ? know who
?re citiiens In the mskn.g or who
live binong us and ?l.ar? our ad
Ugea whil? aeeking t* undarmin? o
cherished Institution*. Thl? pi
vlalen will enable ua to guard again
the nl . [ration, checkli
the undoairahl? whose irregular coi
Ing Is hi? first -.?oUtien of our la?
More, It will f?cl!it?t? th? n?ed<
AmerlcanUIng of thoie who mean
II as fellow c<U??na.
Before enlarging the Immlgr
tlon quota? we had better provli
regiattatlon for alien?, thoa? ne
here or continually preasing for a.
mission, and establish our ?x?min.
tlon beards abroad, to make sur. ?
deairablea only. By th? ?iamlnatic
abroad we could end th? patho? i
our ports, when men and women fin
our door, closed, ?fter long voyagi
and ?mated saving?, becaua? they ai
unfit for admission. It would h
kindlier and safer to tell them btfor
they embark.
program of admission an
treatment of Immigrants is vary In
ttmatelv relsted to the education?
policy of ?he Ret P -th ?Hit
?racy ??tlauted ?>' from '.'. 10 of
l??r cent to le?, than 2 per cent ii
h?i for-most rations of %m
r??pe, ; a'tentlon to a a?
rious problem when w? are reminder
of a ? par cent illiteracy In th?
I'nlt.d State?. The figure? ?re baae?1
?..ti th? teil which define? an lllit?r
ate aa one having no ?chooling what
'he wide free
dorn of our public ?choola, with com
attendance In many states in
the Union, on? is convinced that mueh
of r..ir eseeeatv? lll.teraey come? to
u. from ?broad >nd th? education of
*b? immigrant becomes * requisita to
Ii? Americanization. It mast b?
f be il fittingly to exerela? the
duties an '?ell a? enjoy the privlleg?
of American citiaen-hip. Here la re
vraled the sj>eei?l field for Federa'.
? o.operation in furthering education,
the very beginning public
?dueatlon has been left mainly in the
id. ci the at?tea. So far aa
?c)w>o1ing youth ia concerned the pol?
icy has been juitln.d, becaua? no re
?pon.ibil't an b? so effeetiv- aa
that of the local community alive to
its ?talk. I believe in the co-opera?
tion of the national authority to
stimulate, encourage and broader
work of th? local authoritiei. But
it la the especia! obligation of the
Federal government to devise mean?
and effectively aisiit in th? educa?
tion of the n?wcom?r from foreign
land?, ?o (hat the lev?*l of Am?ric?n
education may be made the highest
that is humanly poraibl?.
Favora Child Labor Amendment and
Measures to Curb Era of High Price*
Cloti to this problem of
education is the abolition of child
labor. Twlc? Congre?s has attempted
the 's incident
to child employment The dt?
jirublem outudo tV.e proner d
"drral regulation until
grass indut .
I ir?
?n an
We have t* I thought re
of the Canal
I not he commit-.
the belief that amendment is weal
the fundamental luv, or that
salva amendment is eesentis
? hemeral whim
*. to amenr. and?
i I.y
? rat* pub!-.'
vub
issue? of
that
?? up the
?1 t?s?t!on ?nd ?
'ate?
-
than
lleb'
tal -
The i
the sta;e ?r,d F?lerai governments
and all political ? -.ibdivulons on an
?
which if h
threaten lb
our : -.-s of
prob'errs ure pp
I muat not risk the wearying of your
patience with detailed refer
R?clamer.'.?! ?nd irrigation pre;
ecta. ?<? he - wt><?te lend may be
irad? a*.ailahle for aettlamert and
pr..duetlvi*'.. ?r? ? your
rabie crnaidernti
When it i? realixed th?t rat ?'?
conauming our timbar four time? as
rapidly as we are gr'iwmg it w? must
greateat poa.ibi
operation b-twe^n the Federal gov
?nt, the vartaua ?tat??, and tit?
own- It Undt, '
that protection ?hall I <?
mad? more effective or.d replanting
ige?l
The fuel problem is under study
now by a ?er> , ?pi.bl? f?rt-flndirijr
co.nmissior., and any attempt to deal
the coal problem, of auch deep
. the entire nation, must
await the report of th? enmmiasion.
Ther? are necessary studies of
rieat problem? whirh <'"ngr-?.
? well Initiate. The wide spread
between production ro?ta and price,
which consume^
?rlhut? ? v-ry lai
In agi ?r.d must stand ?pon
ret much ?g?in?t which ?.
familiar
high . r.g.
' excess is traf
able to the l.vy of th? ?T.idd!. '
iid b? unfair to cha i?
*i?h ?11 reapon kbilil bel
we ?ppraiaa wbat is exacted of him
??-? eemptea
have -oblem on
by the pr
marketing and w? might well
operative buying. Admittedly,
consumer la much to blame him
; rodigal tlpenditVI*.
and hit exaction of service, but go\
a ?t'? /
Four ounces ,
?
-*-an honest quarter pound of
BAKER'S
Caracas Sweet Chocolate
Pure?wholesome?delicious
Made from only kigk grade Caracas
cocoa, pure cane sugar and pavoreyi
with Mexican vanilla beans.^
??ADE ONLY BY
WALTER BAKER & CO. LTD.
rnaUlJiH 17-0 DORCHESTER, ?vlASS.
Bookltt of Choice Ratifias sent fres
ernm?tit might well ?erve to point
th? way of narrowing th? apread of
, especially b.iwe.n the
duetlon of food and It? conaum;
A ?up?r power aorvey of
?rn industrial region h??i recently
b.en commuted, look!?./ to unlflea
tlon of ?team, water and ?leetrle
power? and to ? unified ach?m? of
power distribution. Th? ?urray
proved that vaat ?eonomi?? in ton
nage movement of freigkt,. .-? .
th? ?ffleieney of th* railroad. !_.?
b? effected if th? sn?4r.a?,.'_N
gr.m wer? ?dopt-d | arn';??***
that constru'tiva ma?. ^*t
?T.:.! a-' "'???eret a_a_
Isted to promete ?rjch an ?m*_2
dev?lopm?r.? | ?,? .?mpt**! 7***
?') Industrial rev.
h? w?l| w?i
, and fosterina i
?4.
Backs National Defense Survey and
Repeats Opposition to ?league Sehe*
The proposed aurray of a plan to
draft all the te-o.jrc?? of ?he Repub?
lic, human and matarla!, for national
defena? may well have your approval.
?mended auch a program in eaae
of future war*" in tl . r?l ad
draat of March 4. 1321, and every ex?
perience In the adjustment an.I
dation of war claim? and th? ?ettl.
m.nt of war obligation, p.raitad.?
me we ought to be prepi??-"! for auch
universal call ?o arme?) defense.
I bring you no apprehension of w?r.
The world ii abhorrent of it. and our
own relatiorn are not only tree from
every threatening cloud, hut w? have
contributed our larger influent? to?
ward making armed conflict leta
like,
Those who assume that we played
! our part in the World War and later
i took ourselves aloof and apa?\
? mindful of world obligations, giva
?eanf eredlt to th? helpful oart w?
j assume fan intcrnationi.i
i ah?]?!.
I
ify all th- tr..
Washingto* aa on the
I Limitation ?f Armament or some
: withhold approval, tho underlying
I policy of limiting Meal armament
I has the .auction of the larger naval
?Ta, and naval competition is ?us
. p?tided. Of co-jrae, unanlmoui rati?
fication I? much to be de?ir?d.
Th? four-power pact, which abol?
iahei every probability of war on
the Pacific, has brought new con?
fident? in ? maintained peace, and
well believ? it might b* made
a model tat Uto ?nur-,
ever In ta. etaa_aT
id. ^""??
I tka ka
?up?r|?v?rnrr? - ? -'
???twai ?/'ll?t
"Vrto':
aI1ta_*V . w
?nssion. Du', ?? be Ut*.k
' ? th? riaki. ?# .-?Za-H
? im ri??v? of r.atiea?
* f'f co,.r?r?ric? aad ammf
Ution, in th? ?ff*etiv???*,Vf U__,
of nation, laokl,- ?_.. oXUtkZ
tact befor? r?torUag t? tk? JLT
of arm?. " '?
It has keen ?nr fert?as t,,?. ,
preach and ar?iMU ratsi_31?
understanding. Tk* iaiJZL*"?**.
?ettlemen' of sa mmJZ^*L *"** ??
?MM 2E "
..AA.A ?
1 *?*? ?wj
met her? by o\ir lnritatiaa, %w. :?
our aloof n???, aas' thay acoitt ?.
hospitality hoeauM tkey ???, (?_.
in our ur.elfihiesi ?r?) bcflev? ?
eur h?lpfuln??s. Ptrkap? m? m
??Iflsh In craving their 'Tittau
and friendship, bat tack a taSm
ness w? proclaim t? tk? ??ttia,
gardless of bemlspb?r?, et g*
dividing.
McCutcheon's
Fifth Aveau**. 34th and 33d St
Women's Hosiery
for Christmas Gifts
'T'RIM?trig?with a shapely, jaunty
A smartness. Some of them silk;
others wool, from English looms.
They're McCutcheon Stockings, dis?
tinctive of appearance, sturdy of wear?
and most excellent for Christmas Gifts.
Attractively boxed.
Wool Stockings, in autumn coloring? with
brighter touches in the clox. At $1.75 to
$?.50 a pair.
Silk snd Wool Hose, in plain weave?, styl?
ish Derby ribs, and piquant colorings.
$3.00 to $3.75 a pair.
Silk Stockings of varied hue; Black, White
and colors. In plain weave? or with laca
clox. At $3.00 a pair.
Sheer Flesh-Colored Wool Hose to wear
under Silk Stockinga, at $2.50 a pair.
Black Silk of Extra Heavy Weight, at $3.50
a pair.
Imported Fine Silk Lisle, in Black, Brown,
Taupe at $1.15 a pair.
Cotton Hose of very close weave and heavy
weight in Black, at $1.00 a pair.
i Lift of Handkerchieft from the linen Start teeuU
iVn? moil at i i-i'tiili'r I.? ninn? of ? nur fri,iids.
Delight Comes With Gifts
Of Tobey Furniture
If you have decided to give zonttihitit
useful in the home, make it worth trhile
by (?electing a aingle piece or a suite fro?
the Tobey collection of masterpi****-*5*"
creations that give delight wbeTe*?**? t****
are seen?wherever they go.
This year's assemblage of gift furniture
is most comprehensive and, though of the
highest class, moderately priced.
ShcTOBEY
FurTuture OwpMf
FtftkJvenue at SJtfStrtti
NEW YORK
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