The sun. [volume], November 08, 1891, Page 22, Image 22

About The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916

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B THE HOMES OF CHESS.
1L wmebb jcxpjnrn r not nor ax.
WmS oame taorr xmsxB Bxuxsaza.
!ft ItM e'r fc Km wbe have Tvml
IHL'j mih fea New Trk aad reMyn-Hw
lKf aa Frewr 'rami
K? Mei-shr ta the rrMMl Tlne-OI.
Wt ate Ctaha mMt the rraaeat Clnka. .
mf That "aD. work and no play makes Jack a
s? doll boy" I as true an adairo as It Is old. The
Hi conversed tha proposition la also trae, (or all
'If by and no wtk wlB bMght the brightest In-
m'?: tatlect How to avoid these extreme has nl-
?? ways been a perplexing question. To produce
( a sound mind In a sound bodr 1" correctly to
v blend work and plar- Hence agreeable methods
By et relaxation are a necessity, arid the various
' devices to this end are as numerous as the
and porttmtni fear all plar , tad eaa
be found at their clues frequently.
Chess was probably played In this country
since the landing of the Cavaltsrs. but chiefly
within family circle. Such a thin as a ohess
club was unheard bi'and the Idea of golnn out
for an evening to Indulge in ohess. as persons
ware In the habit of doing, neve suggested It
self to the disciples of Calssa.
The first American Ohosa Congress, held In
this city In 1857. and the subseaoent triumph
nntjreer of Paul Morphy In EnropA brought
a suddou clung In the situation. Tho enthu
siasm grew Everybody whp was not a chess
player was going to learn to be one I It became
at onoe a big thing to be a wayor ol the came
In which the Aniorioan lad'beat, ovoryood.y.
At this time, when so many were learning the
annus thon arose, naturnpr enough. Inquiry
fur proper facilities for play which aoontjp.
came a demand. a,proilnit want The old
Down Town Chess Qub In this city was found
od. and tho first public-chess resort the. Mor
phy Booms," threw their doora open for the
-- '- - "
f TX UAXW.VIKH GBXSS CLDB.
f disposition and tastes of mankind. Each age
worn (o have had Its favorite amusement
Many if thofi which fascinated persons of by
II gone day, and for which men SAcrlflced Uue
I and fortune, would not be attractive now.
But amid the myriads oX games and pastimes
1 ' that havo In their turn become popular for a
time and then been abandoned there la one
I thot seoms to hare been powerfully attractive
i !' - in '
accommodation and entertainment el the
devotee of the royal game.
With Morphea retirement from play a re
aotlun took place, but by no means a stagna;
tlon. Ludor's oafee on Division street and
on Broadway wore the rendezvous for ohess
plarors. The Down Town Ohess Clnb was
transformed Into the New York Chess Club,
and soon crew so strong that a second dub,
the Manhattan, was organized. With. the
growth and oxionHon, al MP cUy, dhgu fllub
i m an cnxxa club,
f through all historle ages and, with somevaria-
fi Uons, to have 'been adapted to the reqnire-
mentsof the Intellectual progress ot tho world.
. Thegameofobeselsalangnage common to
wany eentoriea. and understood by the nost
j.- eUvene tiaUona Ensentlally an lntellectnal
! amnesmentlts development and growth was in
if keeping with the progress ot civilization. The
Jv sreatest events ot history have bow Xoreotten.
were formed, some to stay and others to psm
away. The big chess centres of to-day are the
Maunattan. Oltr, International. HarlenV York
vjllo. Weet Bide. Uotropolttan. and Jefferson
chess clubs. Columbia QoUegehas Its elnu
lolKNirdannais. The New Tork Turn Vorelnbaa
foetorod the game of chess by means of a clnb.
Tho leading singing, societies, snob as the
Arion. have chess cruba. Tho Manhattan Ath
letic Club also considers the game a part of
mental gymnastics.
The chief chess resort open to the public la
'S rais atooKLTX (?hws extra.
m
U most valuable arts have been lost, the
4 awren ancient wondors of the world have about
sassod awayi mighty dynastisa and powerful
1 gwvsrnmenta have flourished and fallen, and
! yet through all mutations of time, the great
: i gkmeof ebeaahas resisted decay. Its peou
S, ITar power, tie ssarvellous fascination. Its won-
'(, ' elsrful vitality, has recommended it to all na-
- '. Thegameisthobond,t,haj-ujag men
Wkl '
jl' f UfTerent positions. Lawyers like Black.
5r. asar, Dclmar. Eocer A. Pryor. John R. Fellows;
f'if bankers like E. & OIDey, Loeb, Jjandaner, Pea
body, and others! Ungnists like Uinta and
i Stmonson; medical men like Dr. Colin, Dr,
r , i zVurie. Dr. Hort, and others t musicians like
m i BahHddt, Froshllok, and ProtAdler; business
& maol aUtradat, brokers ol all exchanges.
ot48Bowpry. Theplaeewasthehameofboth
the How York and the Manhattan ohess clubs,
visitors aro sure of Undine an opponent at any
tlmo from 10 o'clock in the morning to mid
night. At the numerous little xfffwhloh o
late have sprung up tn the east side eon also
bo found one or more boards with .rod and
White bone men. which are mora or less used
.The Manhattan Chess. Club is the largest
chess olub. lnmemborahlp and strength ot
players In the united Btates, A majority ot the
, i riJiMmelir i- - --I ir
kf. mx BIATW XEXUTD CSIBSS CLUB.
memborH of the Manhattan Club are. it not
rloh. well to do, and alwnse ready to spend
time and monoy, fer tho lnlo6t of chess. Al
most slnco tho ctalj's very existence the mem
bers have participated actively in. all cliesB
events, and from the fifth American Chess Con
gress down u this day the Manhattan Club has
been Instrumental in bringing about matches
8 ndioumamenta through the. generpetty ot
i mambsra. ., The rooms of the club are
eoBTenlenUy toeatedtn Twenty-seventh street,
a few doors west of Broadway The members
Include sneh expert as Delmar. Td. Blch
ardson. LfpMnQti!.. tfanham. Blmonson,
Hodges, the two DatrdB. Ryan. Ford. Olapp.
De vlflser, Isaacson. .Torrath. EtUlncw, Dahl,
and Dr. Mint .The I attarls the moving spirit
of the clnb. and to his untiring efforts ore due
Kie sneoees of almj;t all tho. oyonts which
taly have eomo off under their auspices,
consnlenons among them bolng the btelnltz
Onnsborg match and the, caDIo eontoat be
tween Tschlgorln and Btelnltz.
. db. ntEo Knrrz.
The aeeond-class players of tho Manhattan
Club are good enough, to hold their own
agalnsta team of first-class Players put up by
any other olub. Dr. U Cohn. Majtaan. Bchmldt
Soda. FrohUeh, Dr. Lurle. and .Prof. Halladay
mlgnt be montlonrd in the small army ot Man
hattan, players. T h e -!!
clnb also prides thora- S V
selves. in. eduoatlng gCCJL . V? .
fome fine young talent , 7 S K1 '
Tako. forTnstancf.ftSLV55!
Kung Btubba. who Ib'jSi' ,
und to make hu mark f It (j )v
TheSjty Chess Clnb is I JiT
an amalgamation of the I jTTW I ,
OolumUlaandNowYork 7 lA'
ahess dobs.. It la alif R5f '
and Ooldschmldt stand . . ''
at tho head. Thoflret- "' u
class playere of tho club are S. Kemenr. whose
name Is fomlltar to the readers of Ttne Buw
slnco the toumaniont In Bknneatcles and his
match with Hanhain. & Lnyd. J. llolporn.
and E. Sternberg The second-class also
S umbers some formidable players like W.
unttngton. Doyle Limbeck, and others. The
clnb occupies the first floor of the Cafe Cos
mopolitan, oornur Houston utreot and Second
avenne, whore chess has been played over
since the opening of tho placn.
b. scbwhtkb, b. moobs.
The Brooklyn Chess ClnMIs located In the
Post Office building. SIS Washington street
Tho Brooklyn Club, although toundod but a
fe w years ego. has led a life full of activity.
The sixth American Chess Congress owed lis
exlBtonee almost sololy to the comblnod efforts
of tho Brooklyn and the Manhattan Chess
clubs. Some of the latest episodes tn the an
nalpof ohess nro only due tn tho muntnoenoo
of Charles A. Gilberg, Prosldont of the club.
& 1. nrtiwcafk wx. pk visheb.
His army of players Is small but powerful.
Teed. Blehardson, Hodges, tillberg, Pollock.
De Tlsser. Blaokmar. Eno. and Bussoll are
ready to light at any time for the honors of the
Brooklyn Club. Finlay. Oily. Orr. Park. Elwell.
and others form a strong reeervu army. In
Bonwlne, Eocles. and Barrett all promising
young players, the Brooklyns havo a mortgage
on the f uturo.
The chess section of the New Tork Turn-
verein has several strong players. Including U.
Bennecky. editor ot llahn frri, Qolssler. Otten,
. v and Kornfeld. The sco-
iT -i-V tlon meets at Turn
tff J Halle. tW East Fourth
5 Sjft At the Manhattan Ath-
L. J, IlSL I 'eti Club chess has
JfS f,ry eomo to star. Dr. Josef
fJfiJ Klrcherlsthoocknowl-
"fm-v: if -b"C eded chnmpion. but
3jLrZ0- K- F. Hoyt theBoo-
(lZJ7z f lretary of the club. Is no
C?v 'moon opponent The
y ' chessplayers occupy a
. . .--- portof tho library room
"" mxexoM. fn"the line buMne on
Madison aenue and Forty-flfth street
The Internationnl Chess Club have their
headqnartpra at 202 East Broadway. Tho
club is mainly composed of Polish and Ilusstan
Jews. who. have a penchant for the royal
gamo. and play With all the trlok a and
cunning peculiar toinai : crafty race,
At the OafeBondy. formerly Logellng. AVI
Bowery, some strong players .can be met
Pierce. Loeb, jBoyle, Orosa, Daniels. Johnson,
Lawton, and Boaenfeld are all men not to be
ILUOBBAtnUK.
underrated, .Other frequenters are Enuf
mnnn. Beer, Landesberg, Von Tanbe, and a
myntorious portion known only by tho name at
"Kulmbaaher," which he derived from the
dark Importod buvprage of which he con
sumes groat quantities when forming his In
tricate, but nuntl unsound combinations. Di
rector Thomas Rosonfeld of Llllputlan fame Is
also a ImulhiiS ot the roort and so absorbed
Is ho in the game that.lt takes several sum
monses to gut him back to tho Thalia, across
the etreeu
The Htaten Island .Ohess Olub attracts the
disciple ofOalesa In BIchmond county. to the
Ht Oeorce Hotel. Btaten Island, every Wednes
day. A. JB, Bodges, a, A. Bartb. and A. Ma
gulre are the stars of the club.
flv. BUly Euitll rys.
rrcu At Balm UtnUL
When the conductor ot the Western express
over the Boston and Albany road collected his
tlckots last Friday afternoon lie hod among
his passengers Gov. llussell of Mas&aehunett
His Kxcell.uucf oocupled email comportment
in one of the sleepers, whither be, hud retired
to htndy up Uie sueeoh he was to deliver In tho
evening at Holyoke. .,
"How do you do, Qov. Russell," sold the
lam delighted to see you." responded. the
Cambridge man, at tho rame tlmo extending
his hard.
" You hold a pass, of course. Governor
The Oommsndor-ln-Chtef of the military
torcespf the commonwealth began fumbling
about his pockets and socn produced a long
slip of pasteboard that was very yellow on one
''Thlsis noTa pass. If s a regular ticket"
old the surprise conductor. . . ...
"Why. I knuwuiut: you look astonished."
"WoU, I should Ky I ought to look aston
ished, for tills is tho first tlmo during my long
r)nnoetion with railroading in thla BUfe that
i-vertookapaldtioketiromonoof our Gov
ernors "
Tlls confession amusrd the Oovomor
grvntly. who went on to ta " It has Imen ono
of my unvarying rnloH never to tmvcl nt imy
corapanr'3 axnensu except when ou official
duty."
The conductor punched a throo-cornored
hole in the ticket and was hoard to bay: "I
hare carried Governors worth nil the way from
100.000 to tl0.00p.000, but this Is the first
time I ever knew of the head of the HUta pay
ing his travelling expenses."
; TflE KINDERGARTENS WORK.
A PHACXICAT. CUAIUTT, AS AST tntO
BEAD XAX SEK.
Caller Taosht VhW KnewleSg, u
Their Parcala Titnclit t Beayot Them-MlveM-A
Derttloa of the TTerh The
Bcheet Kh u the riny Xeoah
In the heart ot the tenement region over on
First avenue, just where Sixty-third street
weeps down through to the river, there Is a
long, low briok building, wboee purposes and
processes are so foreign to the policy ot the
neighborhood that the tall dingy houses
frown down upon it with their flre-eecaoe
vollod faoos, and eye it askance from their
grimy windows. According to First avenue
ethics thero must bo something Irregular and
suspicious. It not radically wrong. In a build
ing that In defiance of all precedent dares to
bo butono story in height At night the un
familiar muelo ot n piano floats out through
Its windows, tho deeper notes of the organ, the
molody of hymns and psalms, and tho toloo of
supplication and warning ore heard above the
struct roar. ,
But it is In the morning hours that the
people orowd most eagerly and curiously
about Its open dorway, womon with tired
face?, and always with a baby on one shoulder,
amarkotbaskotor bundle ot clothes for the
laundry on the other arm, bending forward
with something almost like a smllo on their
plnohed lips. Bough, tattered, and tough
little street gamins stand respectful and
Interested to listen and to see. Bough men
tn shabby garmonts peer in for a moment and
toko black pfpoa from their mouths. And all
to watch a group of gay little children dancing
about a groat circle in the centre ot the long
sunny room, led in their games by a little
teacher, herself the fleetest and lightest ot foot
in all the merry ring.
It Is Just a year now slnco the teacher opened
the doors and invited the babies to come In
and string her bright beads, to wouvehor
pretty papers Into mats, to llBten to her songs,
and learn to play the muslo games ot whioh
be knows so many. Only eleven children
eamo the first days, but now the little woman Is
In precisely the aamo condition as was the old
woman in the nursery rhyme who had so many
children she didn't know what to do. Fifty little
ones she accepts, the others eltglblo to mem
bership she treats just as they do tho candi
dates toradmlsstonto tho big clubs puts them
on tho waiting list But however orowded the
room may be, howovor restless and mischiev
ous they become, the teacher's voice never
sharpens, her patience never wearies. Indeed,
she almost puts a premium on naughtiness by
lifting the offonder on her shoulder or stand
ing in the ring to take the bands of the little
disturber ot ordor in hers until the riot is
quelled.
"How does she make 'em mind without hit
tin' omr" says a woman with frowsy hair.
"She has so many, and I can't get along with
just my two without clvln' 'em halt a dozen
liokins ot a momln'."
The Now York Kindergarten Association
was organized a yoar and a halt ago to intro
duce the klndorgarton system more goner
ally into New York, to establish the free
schools, and to urge the adoption of the sys
tem by the public schools. The active mem
beishlp la largely composed ot women, one
half the Board ot Managers are women, and
its practical work la entirely conducted by
womon. Tbo association has established two
schools, ono on abt Fifty-third stroot and the
other at tbo junction ot First avenuo and
Blxty-thlrd street Both schools havo already
outgrown tho limit of membership and have
long lists of waiting applicants. Tbo school
on Sixty-third street Is supported by the
alumnmotthe Normal Collego and conducted
In the mission bouse of ono of the churohos,
which gives tho use of the room.
New York is much behind the cities of Ban
Frunolsco. Boston. Bt Louis, and Milwaukee
in tho matter of free kindergartens. Dnfor
tunutoly we have not Bofaton a Mrs. Shaw or
Ban Francisco's Mrs. Lrland Stanford to ex
pond thousands of dollars on this practlral
Bhllanthropy which strikes more closely at
le root of the social problem than mout of the
Batronizlng benevolent schemes that are
sted under tho name of charities.
The children attending these schools may be
olasolllod as of two types: those who have
sufnaient food and clothing, and live In
comfortable, but cramped rooms. With seven
peoplo living In three or four small enclosures,
hlch ore dignified by the name of rooms, there
is nothing to do with the children but to turn
them Into tho street for a plaj around, whenoe
all their early Imprcsblons are drawn. Tho ef-
iect of this, besides poisoning the mind with
:nowlodgo ot all manner of Iniquity, is to de
velop a sharp sense of self-protection and en
nit) to the world, entirely atvorlanco with the
Principles of good oltlzeushlp. Tho strongest
boy in tho block Is the leader, tho ruler, fcuch
child Is continually on the defensive. Thero
Is no Huch thing as community of interests or
association of purposes In this baby citizen,
who grows up tho veriest rebel and anarchist,
defiant of all law and order.
Tho other typo have Insufficient food and
cluthinir (many of them never have a garment
that lb really mado for them). Their homes
are wretched, uncomfortable, and unclean.
Brick walls bound their horizon. Tho ttrrot
cars come from a laud unknown and disappear
Into an uuoxplored country. Toys are things
unheard of. and the nun and moon, the sky.
the tree i. an 1 flowers aro things undiscovered
bytholr dwarfed minds. They arc awkuard
with their bands, too, and have little or no
deftness In manipulation. At first they aro eo
badly cared for, us a rulo, that It is necessary
to wash their faces and hands every morning,
but this soon has tho desired effect of secur
ing for them auob attentions at home. Gen
tleness ami tenderness, kindness and courtesy
aro at first utterly incoinprohouslblo to their
intelligence.
Tho primary purpose of the kindergarten Is
to pruparo the child for the publio school. He
In taught to gut full control of himself mental
ly ana physically to see, to understand, to
reason, to think, and to submit to dUcipllno.
All philosophical educators agree that the
kindergarten is a most excellent and requisite
preparation for the primary work ot the
schools.
But the more Important and far-reaching
results of tho klndorgartxn work aro of a phil
anthropic and cociologlcal nature. It must
lie remembored that nearly three-quarters ot
hew York's population livo In the tenements,
and from there bousos come by for tho great
er majority of children destined to beoome the
citizens of another generation. These, poor
children are token in off the street by tho as
sociation two years before they can attend
bcliool. and jut at the time when their minds
aro open to recoh o ImmubMons. und It te.iclios
them thu dignity and nobility of labor, the
true principles of cooperation and asso
ciation, tue value of law and order, the
beauty of thlngs-ln nature, the true cour
tesy of culture. - They aro a self-governing
llttlo world In tho klndorgarton; they
do all the work of the school, help them
aoIvus to tho materials and return
thorn to their places in the cupboards, and,
bettor still, help each other in all small ser
vices with apparent Joy. Wbon tho lesson
hour Is o er. with Its revelations of gentleness
and love und beauty, they go home and. tell
thulr tired mothers all aboutlt, and by and by
tho touchers flud their way to the little homes.
Doors aro opened to them that are resolutely
closed to nil other philanthropic visitors, 'rne
woman that the children meets at the door
way with such glad welcome lias a chair
duttcd for her very quickly by mothers sullen
and reticent toward others, Hearts are
opened to her, too, and troubles are poured
out that are jealously guarded from the Board
of Charity Investigators.
TIiuh the teachoru become the mentors and
advisors of tho pooplo: their oxumnle does
much to soften the Imrfhnoss of mothers to
ward children und to develop new and
worthier methods of living in, tho homes. It
getH at thu root of tho social problem with
which learned students ot Hociol economy so
vainly wrestle and. struggle. , ...
In speaking nf till v,;.rk in the homes. Miss
Wells thn teacher of the tirst avenue school,
siys: "Zioone realizes the dreariness and
hardship of the IIvob of tl'ouu hard-working
mothers. Tho women In factories orshripa.
for whom everyone, from the legislators
down to the friendly visitors, are making such
strenuous and vatiod efforts, nave an easy
time compared with the poor mothers. The
farmer lmvu regular hours, regular wages:
they work in company with their associates, at
one kind of wok. Willi nothing to hurry or
worry them, and at tt o'clook they go home
and think no more about It The mother'
work U never done. Mo hour of the day or
night releases her from it responsibility. Bhe
Is worn out with weariness, the teasing of
many children, the deprivations and discom
fort ot poverty, tihe has no Bun
days or holidays, und .for her toll
she. receives her . board. poor lu
quality and Insufficient In quantity, and such
poor garments as she can buy with the little
surplus loft over after rent mid coal and gro
ceiy hills nrn paid. Those women ore. lis a
rule, dull. hfirleisK and Ineoinpetont. As girls
tlie were put ut any): in tome factory or shop
ot M. 7. or nu nU years old. I'rirtioustothut
thoy wore sitting about on somo sunny door
step, holding tho baby next youngor than
themselves and learning the language and
ethics ol the street Tbolr mother, with euoh
poor kill as she has evolved from yean ot no-
pewtty. mends the girl's garment, or they are
left onmended altogether. Bhe eat and
sleeps at home and spends tho rest or the day
at the factory. At 16 or 10 shp Is mnrrio 1. and
before she has really attained woman' stature
the baby eomea, Bho doon't know how to
take caro of herself, to say nothing of the child,
"The husband finds his home unhappy ana
spends his time and money nt the saloon, and
wretchedness follows wretchedness. It Is nn
old story, but none the less n pathetic one. Of
course we are able to give tho woman a few
helpful hints to put her. In case of special need,
in communication with the benevolent society
or association organised for tho purpose of
aiding suoh need, hut it Is nil. Inadequate to
the great and disheartening demands of the
situation. Thero seems to bo but one way out,
of tho difficulty, to educate the children nf tho
coming generation in Ingenuity and dottness.
to teach them to.seo and to do, to think, to
plan, to act to wake them up and give thorn
possession of themselves, mentally and mor
ally and. physically, that they may not .grow
lip so holploss and stolid and apathetic And
if only each prosperous family would take one
of those llttlo families and set It on Its feet
tide ovor tho hard time, and help the mother
cotohupwith her work: If they would clean the
houso thoroughly once, slio would have more
heart to keep ll clean, get tho sowing all done,
andshowouldhavocqurageto try to keep It
donn.
, "The trouble with the usual charity visitor
Is that with all her good interest she forgets
that tho womnn whose husband works for
? HO a week has hor own reserve, her own af
airs, and hor own self respect just the same as
tbo woman whoso husband earns $100 a wook,
and she doesn't propose to gratify that
woman's cariosity, howovor kindly In intarost
concerning her ways and moans of living any
moro than the woman whose Income Is SlOO a
week would llko to submit to tho patronising
Inquisition ot her whoso income Is JL000 a
week.
People aro alike to a certain extent in tene
ment houso and brown-stone fronts, save that
tho woman In the tenement Is genomlly mora
reserved and more difficult to approach than
tho woman In the mansion. In the schools
there Is little or no time for the work of char
acter building. Teachers do not know their
pupils Intimately; they do not understand
them because they can not Investigate In tho
homes the .causes which contribute to the
child's peculiarities. They alva them much to
think about hut there Is no time to teach
them to think, and so the work falls
of , its good purpose. . The kindergarten
training is not only one of the intellect as the
school training must be, but one whlnh estab
lishes more or less directly the principles
which make the child self-reliant Independ
ent and fit him for life in the homo, in society,
and In the State,"
..Tho association. appeals to all charitably
disposed individuals to eld in the work of es
tablishing these kindergartens in all parts ot
tho city by becoming members of the society,
or by giving money.
XtUCSM WOMEN BATE JTERTE.
Tirt Kill Bear Hua-to-hua, aa Am.
ther 6Uy Bemra with) the RUi.
" I read In Tnx Bun about Mrs Lewis killing
the two bucks In the Adirondack, and about
Mrs. Becky Latimer's deer-hunting exploits in
Pennsylvania." said a New Yorker who ho
been hunting up in Maine, "and now I would
like to read about the way some womon up in
the pine forests have of showing their grit and
ekili when it oomea to dealing with certain
wild animals.
"A family named MoDonald lives way book
In the wilderness on the Molu River. It
consists ot the husband. Roderick McDon
ald, his wife, and his sister, both young
women. They have a snug little farm in there,
and keep a few cattlo. Tholr most valuable
possession In that line was a yoke of steers.
Ono day MoDonald was obliged to go to one ot
tho settlements several miles away, and his
business was to keep him over night His
wife and sister wore loft alone to look after
things during his absence. Just before dork
a great bellowing was hoard among the
cattle In the barnyard. The sounds wore of
such an unusual oharaotor that tho two
women becamo satisfied that they wero cries
of terror. Mrs. McDonald, armed with a pitch
fork, and her sister, carrying an axe, hurried
to the barnyard. There they found an enor
mous bear, standing defiantly between the
prostrato bodies of the two steers, each ot
which he had felled to tbo ground and killed.
The other cattle were huddled In terror in a
corner of the yard. The bear growled and
naried and showed his teeth as tho women
approaohod. but in spite of his terrible front
and threatening attitude, the sight of tho
steers lying dead on the ground was more
than the plucky young women could stand,
and they rusbod with desporuto Intent on the
snarling bear.
" Mrs. MoDonald charged with her pitchfork
and thrust its sharp, long tines deep into the
bear's neck. The bear gave a howl of pain,
and. striking the handle of the pitchfork a
powerful blow with ono forepaw. he wrenched
it from Mrs. McDonald's hands and sent it dy
ing across tho barnyard. Whtlo the bear was
doing that Miss McDonald pltohod Into him
with the axo. andfat the fust blow disabled
one ot his terrible forelegs. The boar turned
on hor. and Bhe rained blows thick and fast
upon him as she baokod slowly away. Mrs.
McDonald quickly regained possession of the
pitchfork and r eno wed her attack on tho boar.
" Between the attacks of the two determined
and plucky womon the bear was so badly har
assed that ho made an effort to oscapo from
the field, but the womon pressed hint too close
ly. Tho battle was not of long duration, for
the lusty blows of the axo in the girl's hands
and tho deop and painful stabs Inflicted by Mrs.
MoDonald with hor pitchfork soon had their
effect on the boar, big end tough as he was.
and In ten minutes after the tight began be
was strotohod dead by tho side or his vlotlms.
the two steers. The two nervy womon had
tholr clothing nearly stripped from them by
the claws ot the bear, but beyond a few
scratches thoy were not Injured. They were
not on the scene In tlmo to save the valued
stoors, buttbelr pluok in avenging the death
of the cattlo aroused so much enthusiasm and
admiration at the settlement that a prrsu was
raised among the lumbermen ana hunters,
with Which another yoke of atear Was bought
and presented to Mrs. MoDonald and her brave
little sister.
In that same Moms Blver wilderness, but
nearer the headwaters, lives during the sum
mer, and sometimes as late as the middle of
November, if the weather is not too severe, a
family named Baker. Thoy nro Boston peo
ple, but on account ot the health of one of the
family, who Is benefited by the spruce nnd pine
atr of tho region, they epend most nf the year in
their commodious cabin in the Mulue woods.
Baker's wife is a pretty woman of about thirty,
and has learned to handle the rifle llko an old
woodsman. Last fall she Insisted on making
one of a party that had formed to rout out and
kill a big bear that had beon located in a
Divanpo mile or so from tho cabin. Bho was
Jtatloned by tho rrulde at a spot whoro. In his
udgmentfho byar would not bu likely to
eomo out when the dogs got after htm, as he
had no faith in a womtu's ability tn Mand and
shoot at a bear as It bouncod into bight out of
a thicket
"His judgment was right tor when tbo dogs
got on tho track ot the bear Mrs. BuLor hoard
them taklngacourse that would totch brulnont
of the swamp at a placo whoroshe would bo
unable to see It or get a shot. But she wasn't
thero to be fooled, and she bturted on a run for
tho spot where tho boar as oldontly headed
for, and she got thero before any ono else did.
The bear, a tromondpus big fellow, as blaok as
ink. broke through the thick brush on tho edge
of the swamp, and was nutting In his bust
licks across tho opouing for cot er on tho nthor
sldo. But he nevor reached cover. Mrs. Baker
Sutono rifle ball close behind his left shoal
er and another through his loins. When the
guide, Mr. Baker, and another member ot the
party came tearing to tho spot Mrs. Baker was
sitting on the carcass of the bear as cool as a
ououmber. and. with mock disgust. exclaimed:
'You're a nice lot of hunters, Ideolarol if
It hadn't been for me this bear would have
been a mile away In the woods before you
stupid things knew what had become of It 1
"That same fall Mrs. Baker committed an
error that ehe will nuer cease to regret as
long as she Uvea. She was out with their
guido nnd her husband moose colling. Bhe
was statlonod In a thicket and tho guide had
!iot succeeded lu drawing a moose although
ie hod called for an hour or more. hllo Mrs.
laker was patiently waiting for ,a shot at a
moose, a bear came slouching along about a
hundred yards a v. ay. Mrs. Baker for .the
moment forgot about moose, und, pulling
up. fired and killed the boar. At the
same instant she saw the big head and
spreading antlers of a bull moose that was
drawing cautiously toward tho thicket The
next second the great buist was crashing
away through the brush at locomotive speed,
and ail hope or getting a moose that day was
!;one- Mrs. Bakers Kiiof ovor that thought
ess bit ot work in shooting a bear while moose
lunting was so great that she was a-tually til
for sevurol days afterward, and she says It
makes hor feel faint yet whenever she thinks
of it She has had a good antidote for that
feeling this fall, though for she Is tho only ono
el tho party wbu has bagged a mooso. and she
feels the moro prida and elation ovor killing
the big animal from the foot that she called it
herself.1
A 1.0ns Courtship.
fron fJka OTtrfAfer and futmUur,
Briggs-DId you hear about Miss Grasgroln?
8ho ha raarrloda dry goods clerk. Titer met
he woo'd and won her. and they were married.
Griggs Why, when did this all happen!
Briggs While she was waiting tor the
ohanga.
" OL0OK MET BT EZMOTMTOITTa
wJBat TtaN Is Jrtl jlb tnr ch
Talte MteUs.
A. precise old, gentleman walklnr alone
Broadway; the other day at five minutes past
noon, stopped and set his watch by Bt Paul's
big clock, as viewed from the corner of Vesey
street " BJe walked one block and stopped at
Fulton' street waiting for a oar to pass.
Glancing up at the Fulton street face of the
venerable old dock, he noticed that the hands
Indicated ton mlnutos past twelve. Thinking
he had made a mistake in setting his time
pteee. he pulled tt out and saw that It Indicat
ed but six minutes pant twolvo. so that his
watch was four minutes slow. To make sura
he sot his watch carefully and walked back to
Veser street and found that his watch was
several minutes out of the way by that side.
Then he concluded that tho venerable
old clock was giving dtfferont time on different
Ides. Then he made Inquiries of n friend on
the Fulton stroot side, and found out this state
ot fuots: The big minute hand of the Fulton
street sldo is a wobbler. At abont five minutes
past evory hour It takes a jump of throe or
four minutes. Then it goos on steadily until
about halt-post the hour. Hero the big hand
stloksand hangs back, losing about four min
utes on tho way up the last halt of the hour.
This process is repeated every hour, so that
the venerable old clock is alternately tost and
low every hour, although tor tho twonty-four
hours It keeps fair time. The cause of It Is
that there Is a flag ot the works somewhere,
and It mystifies a good many who do not know
tha causa of it and Is somewhat vexatious In
these day of exact time, whloh Is now sup
plied all over the United 8tates by electricity.
Exact time Is furnished by the big Naval
Observatory at Washington at the expense of
tha Government but It I distributed by tha
Western Union Telegraph Company, which
regulates clocks all over tha United States at
aoon every day. It Is true that several private
observatories, such as that at St Louis and
Ann Arbor, do supply exact time, but tha
Western Union Company, by Itslmmensetacll
itles, has' tha bulk of tha business ot soiling
Urn in its hands.
Mr. Jams Hamblett manager of tha time
service of the Western Union Company tor
this locality, speaking about tha business,
said : " Anybody can go to the Naval Observa
tory at Washington and get the time free, but
as nobody but the Western Union Company haa
telegraph wires extending all over the United
States, tho Western Union Company la nat
Brolly the only one that has madetho requisite
connection and taken ohorge of tha business
ot furnishing time tor the nation. Tha way It
is dona Is this: The moment the Govern
ment operator presses the button In Wash
ington to Indicate the noon hour tha
news travels directly through tha West
ern Union wires all over tho United State la
about a fifth of a second through about 3.000
miles of wire. In order to do this all other
business la excluded from the wires all over
the country at the hour corresponding to three
and a half mlnutos before noon In Washing
ton. Thus unbroken connection Is secured
with all parts of the United States, At about a
dozen seconds before the time bell Is to strike
there are a few warning ttoks flashed, and
then at the Instapt of the passing of the sun
over the 75th meridian the electrio current
sends one pulsation from Maine to Florida and
from tho Atlantlo to the Pacific telling every
body that tt Is high noon at Washington.
"Bat it Is not high noon everywhere, of
course, because thero Is a difference of thro
hours between Washington time and Ban
Francisco time. Thora ore four divisions of
tho country, each setting Its tlmo by the meri
dian that divides it from north to south, each
strip making Its time one hour later than the
UM.aiiiyiuuiQCHBI. Alius. WUVU It IB DUUU
at Wushlngton It Is 11 o'clook A. M. at Chicago.
io o'clock A. M. at Omaha, and 0 A. M. at San
ronolsco. and the variation at other points
are all set down in carefully prepared tablesat
all the points for distributing time.
It costs a good deal of money to keep up
the time service. The value of the tolegraphlo
messages on time business over 3,000 miles of
wires every day amounts to something. And
thero are salaries to bo paid and oostly regu
lating clocks to be kept In repair, and all sorts
of expensos. Thus there oro sab-stations for
distributing the time. Thon my district com
prises New York. Brooklyn. Jersey Cfty. and
Newark, in .which places wo have altogether
about 000 clocks These aro real clocks, and
notatallliketbeclock-facoeleotricrognlatord,
with which we have nothing to do. Our time
service has been in operation now about
thirteen years. The clocks are not sold, but
rented for about a dollar a month and upward.
The prinoipa! pstrons aro jewellers, railroad
companies, largo manufacturing establish
ments, and other publio places requiring exact
time. Eachclocklssclf-wlndingandhasalltUe
electrio motor that winds It The docks thatare
sot every noon throughout the country by the
pressure of a linger on a button at Washington
are supplied with an Ingenious eleotrio ar
rangement which, when the ourrent pasBea
through it springs the band ot each timepiece
to the point ot time corresponding with 12
o'clock, noon, at Washington.
"Customers can adjust tbo clocks for a
strong or light tick, and may use tho bell or
notasthoyprofor. Tbo Instrumontbeatsevory
two seoonds. as follows: emitting the flfty
ightb second in each minute, and making a
pause of nine beats, an interval of twenty seo
onds. Immediately before the beginning of
each period of five minutes. At the beginning
of each hour a slnglo stroke Is given. Tho two
second beats cease for about X mlnutos be
fore the hour stroke, and aro not resumed until
exactly two mlnutos after the hour. The Unit
beat after any pause always indicates tha be
ginning ot a minute.
The adoption of standard tlmo and the
trans-mission of exact standard tlmo has done
away with a great deal of contusion of time
which formerly oxl&ted. In a number of cities
of tho West and South, where formerly tliore
were several sorts of time In use, oomprislng
the local time and the railroad time, used by
dtfferont railroads, there was a good deal of
vexation and missing of trains. All this Is
avoldod by tho use of any oxaat standard time."
It Is a ourious fact that the exact time at
Washington Is not ascertained by the observa
tions of the sun. but by tho so-oallod fixed
stars, whloh are so far off that tholr position
with relation to the earth does not ohaoge ap
preciably, as does that of the sun, so that the
exact time that the given star crosses ths
meridian la more definitely known. All ths
chronometers used In the navy are tested at
the Naval Observatory, and a chart is furnished
with each ohronometer. showiug exactly how
It runs under dlfforentdegreoji of temperature,
from that of an ice box to that of stnam hoat
Besldesthe 000 clocks rogulatod by the
Western Union Company In and about New
York, there are about 2,000 clocks and dials
regulated by eloctrlclty by the Telegraph Tim
Company. This oompany has been in opera
tion about 6evon yearx. It supnlloe clock.! to
tho Custom Houso, the Clearing House, the
Produce Kxchunge, and the big clock in ths
f:allory of tiio Block Iixchange. The official
line of theBtock Exchange Is Ladd's. but it
novor varies morn thau a eeoond or so
from the other. The time furnished by the
Talograph Time Company lo taken from the
fiaal Oosenatory ut Washington. The regu
ated docks are of similar pattern to those fur
nished by the Western Untou with self-winding
eleotrio motor attachments. Tho dial time is
furnished for $0 a your, and is as good as a
clock, osi'opt in casos of Interference witn the
wires. The adNautage ot the clock Is that
een when the wires aro cut off, the clock
keeps on mnnlng without tho olootrla
regulation. Packur Institute In Brooklyn
has ono of theso dials in c err class room. The
construction of the dial is very simple The
hands aro propelled by oloctro-magneti and a
sltuplo mechanism. The olectrioal Impulse
passes through once eery second and regu
lates tbo dials. The movomont bos neither
springs nor weights and never requires wind
Inc. tho machinery being reduced to the lowest
degree ot simplicity. The perfection of ths
mechanism of those 2.000 clocks and dials
may he inferred from the fact that It only re
quires four workmen to keep them uli tn run
ning order.
This new and trustworthy method ot supply
ing accurate tlmo is tjKlnctho place of ths
old-fasliluned wuyof 1 ovulating publio clocks
by means ut a man going around every woek
or bo. There aro soma large public docks now
0 regulitod that aro a oustant source ot
annoyance to people in the metropolis to
WliOm tlmo is money.
Osorlrse Whiskey.
JVttl (At I'MUdilpl.U Btairi.
Now that smokeless powdor Is an assured
fact tbo ucxt mo e in tho lino of procro4 Is to
bs odorlHss whlrkny. Recent experiments
made by the proprietors of a local di.stlllary
have baen attended with almost unlooked-for
suooes. Those exjMriments have culminated
In th production ol a liquid which Is unde
niably wuiskey, hut which leuves no susplolon
of uu odor upon tho breath, lhe new
fluid Is . precisely tho counterpart of
the old fctult," except In this par
ticular. In appoaranoe aud tasto no differ
ence oan be detected. But although It 103
sesses tho sr.mo deadly auullties, tho most
stupendous jag will leave the breath as sweet
as that of the cow-born babo.
'J he process.ls a secret watch will bo jealous
ly aiur.lod. No amount of questioning ould
brinztho (-lightest eemlilanuoof an explana
tion from thu Inventor. "I have been working
on It for years." he said. " but only recently
bM Jf ty'. beoP rewarded. The article
will shortly be placed upon the market and I
am aur it will create a decided craayon."
1
HIGH FOUTICS AND GDANO.
coMPORAi, TAfuren, catt. manor,
ASD MOMCAOOn ItLAXXk
Kmarfcahl Ktstory tttkU a Ltttnren Is.
velvtaar VlhU Kfahta la BUt t La
Bek la th CaHfctMtaa Nw-riUU
ta the Coming Trial U Naw wava.
From the musty files of tha State Depart
ment at Washington oomes a tale of the south
ern seas, of adventure, of Intrigue, and of
fraud. When Alexander Dumas was an official
of 'the French Government he devoted the
pore hours In which clerks usually sit with
heels on tholr desks to dipping Into the records
of public and private enterprises in preceding
yoars. From the suggestions then obtained
hewovo the romanoes whloh have filled with
delight thousand of readors. It seems, from
Information obtainable In the present case,
that a former distinguished official of that
branch of the Treasury Department devoted
to the consideration of pensions gave som ot
his leisure to dipping into the archive of
allied departments, and. Instead ot weaving
romances with Uie materials that he discov
ered, turned them to practical account
It eooms to be quits certain that if Corporal
Tannor bad never been a Government em
ployee, and hod never had communication with
the guardian ot the State Department he
would never have discovered that there was
a One ohanoe to make a fortune by adorer
deal with the owner of the Island of Boncador.
This bit of land lies in the Caribbean Sea. and
Is said to contain vast deposits of guana It I
surrounded by a vory long and dangerous reef,
on which Warner Miller and the party that ha
took down to the Nloaraguan Canal last wl rUr.
were wrecked. The passenger Of the Aquan
had to camp on thereof for aome days. and
thought that they had oome upon a genuine
retreat of the buccaneer ot famous times whta
they saw remnant of two stone wall o a
little Island near one end ot tha reel
Tha shipwrecked New Yorker mad a mis
take, however, for the walls they aaw bad never
been built by buccaneers, but they marked tha
enterprise of Capt James W. Jennett who first
discovered the commercial possibilities ot
Boncador. Corporal Tanner learned through
the record In the Btata Department what ,
Jennett had done, and he enlisted a number et
wealthy men. inoludlng Judge MoDuffl. Con
gressman from the Ninth Georgia district,
and formed a stock oompany, which leased tha
right to work the guano deposit. The first
attempt to take away the valuable fertilizer,
however, resulted in a law suit whioh 1 now
before the United States Court Corporal Tan
ner's company Is called tho Columbus Guana
and Phosphate Oompany. Judge McDufflt la
the President and Tanner Is Treasurer. It
claim to Boncador Is disputed by tha Petrel
Oompany of New York, which charges that the
Oolumbus Company' removal of guano from
Boncador was larceny, as tha property belongs
to the Petrel Company. The latter therefor
libelled tha ship Effle J. Simmon, whloh Oor
poral Tanner had sent to Boncador, wheat
returned with 300 tons ot guano.
At flrstthe Petrel Company offloara talk
o' criminal prosecution of Tanner, but tt dot
not appear that Tanner was guilty of any
crime as against the Petral Oompany. To
facta as to the ownership are as follows:
Congress In 1850 passed an act giving protec
tion to cirJeonsof tho United States who might
dlsoover deposits of guano on any Island, rook,
or key not within the jurisdiction of any other
Governmentnor claimed by any othe Grovern
ment Cant James W. Jennett wont guano
hunting shortly afterward, and he was owner
and Captain of tbo schooner PetreL On Dec.
7, 1808. he discovered on the north bank of
Boncador a deposit of about 100.000 tons ot
t-UTJ tgi MlaXT?l aVaMVMAW io ov iviiw-u VV UlilOO)
from the British Island of Old Provldenoe.
Capt Jennett found the island uninhabited,
and be built a hut and put up a flag
staff, floating the Stars and Stripes.
Then he proclaimed the Island to be
a province of tho United btares. and
carved his name and the date of hie proclama
tion on tho rocks at the water's edge. Ha
lived In the hut a few days and built two stone
walls. He surveyed the place, noted the reef
on which Warner Miller was wrecked, and
with a few samples of guano he sailed back
to America and put In an application tor Gov
ernmont protection and an absolute and ex
olustve right to possession of tbe'guano de
posits, rroderick T, Frellnghuysen was See
rotary of Btato. He let things drug alonganl
It was not until 1800. when Hamilton Fish
eomo Into the offlco. that the President mode
proclamation claiming the Island and giving
Jennett the guano , . .......
Thonrescnt trouble between Judge MeDuffla
and Corporal Tanner and the Petrel Guano
Company seems to be that Capt Jennett. on
the strength of the President's proclamation,
sold the Island and the guano several times.
Tho Petrel Company 'deed Is from Mrs. Jen
nett It Is dated June 24, I80X and convoys
to tbo Petrel Guano Oompany "all right, title.
and interestln and to certain deposits of guano
now existing and being upon the following
Islands, rocks, and keys, known as; lno. L.
Pedro Keys, four in number, viz.: Northeast
Key, Middle Key, Southwest Key, and South
Key, sltuntod in the Caribbean Bea, on the
Pedro Bank; No. 2. Petrol Island; No. 3, Bon
cador Island, and No. 4. (Jul to Bunno "
Tho deed continues that tbo rights, titles,
and Interest were convoyed from Cant
Jennett to Mrs. Jennett in 1870. This deed
was executed In Brooklyn. The deed trans
ferring to Mrs. Jennott tbA property was Died
In thu btato Department at Washington. Ten
J'nars later, aooordlng to another paper on til
n the Department of Btato. Capt Jennett
eased tne island from tho Petrol Oompany.
and thon sold the leaaeto Mr. Hamuol bloqn,
Shon In 1883. If Mr, Tanner and Judgo uo;
uflle are right ho disregarded the leas and
the former deeas and sold it to the Columbia
Mr. WT O. Jones. Secretary of the Columbia
Oompany. told The Bun reporter, who called
on him In Washington, that the Islandof Hon
cador was purchased in March with other
lands, merely as one branch ol the Columbia'
business. Ho showed the reporter the trans
fer thatthe company hold from Jamos W Jen
nett to WTO. Jones and Cleveland W. Ooff, and
the other the transfer of the ttame property by
these parties to tbo Columbia Guano and
Phosphate Oompany. Both of these copies
have the seal of the Btato Department at
tached and bora the offloin! certtfJnate ot W. F.
Wharton. Assistant Secretary of Utate.
Upon application to the State Department
Tnx Sun reporter was Informed that tnj
transfers were the only ones on file and that
there Is no record ot ojletd to the "Petrel" or
any other company, The name of Mrs Henri
etta Jennett did not appear in tho transfers pa
file in tbo State Department, the olerk said,
though the Petrel Oompany has an alleged oor
tilled copy of the transfer from Capt Jennet)
to his wife. This certified copy was obtained
in 1883 from Secretary of State Frellnghuysen.
Mr. Jones said that some time last erring
Mr. Duffle received Information that there
was a question as to the title to Boncador
Island, and ho went nt once to New jorkto
look Into the matter. Ho learned that there
was no ground upon which to base a disputed
title, and whon a proposition was made to mm
for a settlement for a very small amount of
money, bo promptly rejocted It
" We claim," paid Mr. Jones, "that wo bar
absoluto title to tho Boncador Island, nnd
that thero is no valid deed of It to the Petrel
Guano Company. In proof of those claims ws
point to the records of tho Btate Department,
Shlcli show the transfer from Jennott to the
ilumbla Guiino Company, and no subsequent
deed or transfer whatever."
Tho first fight ovor the question of posses
sion will Iim decided bv Judgo Benodict here.
It will Involve only indirectly the question of
the ownership of tho guano. The Columbia
Company's lawyers pay that tho Petrel Com
pauyhas no right to libel the Effle J.BImmona,
oven were the guano wrongfully taken, bo
causo a vessel cannot be libelled for the act or
Its .maitor. After this question Is dispose lot
If the Petrel Company wants tho guana it will
have to begin another suit Tho guano Is now
in loud.
Tacoaia Pelle Circle SlliTe.
ym ut ftiosij At:
Officer C. O. White has I itoly been put on tha
Twenty-sixth 6troei beat, which Includes I'uy
allup uvenuo. Whlto Is a fuirless ofllcer, i.ni
tho othur nltfht ns he wui. making hlnioii
nlong l'o ya 1 1 up nvemtoln a deep shade iloe
tn tho sldo of a bulldiug. he deccried the form
ot what ho supposed to bo a hobo tallnca
snooze. Of courao that would never d'. so
with a preliminary whirl of his club, a little
cough, and u perceptible helghli'Ulng or ul
stituro he approached the hobo. ., ... .
"Oome aTaugouto'lliot uoow. will 00?" h
exclaimed. ,
The hobo moved pot so much as a muscle.
.' D'yo hearmer I euyad coom, alalia ousts
thotjwlUoot Yezwonchf Wull Til show
With that Wblt grabbed the supposed hobo
hrtlioback of tho neok. There wiisaahyt.
preliminary rjrowl, tho cUokl'U of , chain. m
and then the fur fairly flew. It wiif the pet
black boar of the Union C'litli i-aloon (tint
Wliltcbad nwakenod. l'or nUmt twrntj mo m'
minutes thero was nllttlo the IhellcMt lerap-
plngraitehflicroortherealioiit thnthasMor am,
been known In rcllce circle", and when , w hlte m
cot nut of reach of thu uli lm wji- minus a m
brand now mackintosh, a .' lint, the tloevcs of m
til uniform, and his bnath.nnd he was plus
numoious wounds and scratches, brutscc, ana m'
Clack spots. And to cup the climax, the young .-
bruin stood guard over lit handcuffs, bis cub .
I