The sun. [volume], November 29, 1891, Page 25, Image 25

About The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916

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If " THE SUN, SUNDAY, NOVEMBER 29, tB9t 22L,
I t5e"mysteries OF CHESS,"
I rrnma or tubntt rorvun opjat
' IAOa EXPLAINED.
I ACoK Ttironach Oaaae Klata aad ")
H -r(iloaa for the v. or Uxparteneed ltar.
H ".Tbn Embodlmrnt el tooeVera Che
H ConpHt4 froea S3 Bceordtd Oltmi.
B j!f the request of many roadors. Tub Bum
H treretito to-darn cnnclso summary of all tho
B rorrcnt chess openings. In vlow of tho lim
ited apace. " inferior variations Iibto boon
ntlrlr dliroKrtlorl. Only the best moves on
Mb rtdon hitru been eoniililorod. Tho troatlss
U chlfflr based upon and compiled from
match and tournament games plarod by tho
Jwdlne masters within tho past eight rear.
Tho article I mostly dovoted to open games,
wherein r-K Is played by both partlos. Of
taa numerous openings arising otter theso
moves tho K Kt cams with Its branchoa Is
thi, rnnat Important.
It often occurs that one opening will bft
thsnerd Into anothor by mens transposition
ct moM'S- I"or Instance, a Ruy Lopes Into n
Vienna or a Four Knights game, or a Bishop's
epenlnc Into a (Scotch Gambit or Vlonnagame,
in. It was. of course. Impossible to mention
Uuihs variations ovory tlmo thoy occurred, so
the reader might liavo to searph sometimes
through two or moro opening In order to And
irill'-KP-K 2. Kt-K R 3. D!,ek
prMt8 ocst the rnwn by Kt-6a. Tho
cltnirM no considered first, & U B 4. 1b tho
5luei rioiv (slow game). Tho following
ilsnaremiidotisot:I). a gnnduiovo: (I Da
rr C-xxl move: (?) a poor move.
Tits aruoco niuo.
if.? r-K 8U-B4 B-B4
These moves constitute the Oluoeo Piano,
The best contlnuatlou for both sides is:
i to .1 Kt-n 3 t u-K 3 B Kt s
Jr-B.i r-o.3 I
6telnltz recommends hero IIjB, to bo fol
lovri ",y Kt-Q it 4 und Kt x 11. Most of tho
leading theoreticians, disagree- with lilra on
the. ground that tho, pawn at K 3 strengthens
while's centre. Hnd that the two open rook tiles
imperil Hook's gamo.
7 q Kt-c .'.
In order to brine the Kt ovor to the E's sldo.
7...B-K s
Whitn mar now continue with B Q Kt or
S-KKto. I'hegiimelsovon.
ThB above variuttun. with slight transposi
tion of moves. Is now generally adopted by the
meters. Tho old form of nttouk Is unfavora
ble for white, as will bo seen:
nMu I tiai.
iV-nS rt-BUCbeat)
sr-j I
With P Q 3 whlto turns Into tho variation
glvco above. If 5. castle., then Kt x P: . B
05. Kt x K li 1": 7. It x Kt. B x B oh: a K x B.
Kt-K2; blaclc baa a rook and two pawns (or
two minor piece
. .pr I rxr
If a P-K 5. then P 0 5. (not Kt K 5. he-eameofB-Qo.
wlnnlnc theKt): 7. B QKtfj,
St-K6:BJ?xP. B-IU3: bettor thanB-Ktd
en. whereupon whlto Interposes tho blshoo
with a eo'"l Bame. Unfavopitile would bo
7. Px Kf. P x B: a P x P. It-K Kt sa: for
white la unahlo to maintain tho pawn at Kt 7,
and blaclc will ohtaln tho hotter development
B Kt Ben
Unch bettor than B Ktl which leaves
Whlto a centre.
7B-QJ.
If Kt-B 3. then Kt x P: a CnRtles. B x Kt
falhwl byP (J 4. and black maintains his
exL-s pa .
7...DxBcb
KtxPlnstend only equalizes the (tamo, for
ftera BxB. KtxB; a lixPch. white re
eorera the nloco by 10. Q-Kt 3 ch.
q n i s i'-j 4 9i-xr xt i r
Black has the bettor tamo on account ot
White Q's P holntf lsolaUnJ. Tho moBt fre
anentlr played ooptlnuatlon Is: 10. Q Kt 3.
QEt-K2(best): It. Castles Castles:
nut rvAKi oucdit.
As aeon by the foregoing variation, white. In
the Oluoco Piano does not achieve bis objocr,
namely, to form and maintain aovntro. An
English eoa captain of Ml I ford by the namo nt
grnna originated tho plan to saorlQco the Q.
Kt's pa n In order that white may gain a inovo
by r-Q B 3, attacking tho bishop. It Is one of
the most popular openings, and has produced
some ol the finest games. It Is still an opon
question wtipther tho defence) can emanate
with n certain superiority. Of lato this open
ing has been auccesstally brought Into promi
nence by the Russian master lVehlgorln.
The Evans Gambit ie constituted by tho
Bjoves:
mo Put, I rrhitr, Karl.
ir-K r-K4 3S-B4 B B4
2KI-ICB3 KI-QB3 4 T-Q Kt 4 f x P
If Kt x P. then 6 F-B 3 (beet). Kt-Q B 3. ar
rmncattho same position which arises utter
the tilth move of tho present variation. Be
ginners may boware of tho tempting 0 Kt x V,
bwau.io of the reply Q B 3, attacking thoKt
and threatening main at B7. If O.Kt-KB3,
then Q x It. and If a P-Q 4. then B x P. win
ning, for whlto daro not play Q x B on account
of Kt-B 7 ch.
S F-B 3 B II 4
Or B B 4. whtoh will be considered later on.
Other moves of the B aro disadvantageous:
Cutle(tU i l'-Qsrtxit)
TF-04 l'xlT
ri? I b-kis
VThlte can continue here with A. P J 5. or B.
Kt-B 3: B Kt 2 Is somewhat Inferior.
r-0.5 I Kt-R4
The best eanare for the Kt : if Kt K 4 Instead,
then 10. Kts Kt. Px Kt: 11. B-R3 with an
excellent jjarun Black eannot continue with
11. B-QR for nftor 1U. Kt-Q 2. B x It: 13. U x
B, P-K B Jior y-B 3; 14. Kt-B 3); 14. P-K B
4. scd white munt win. Tho other retreat for
the Kt tlz. to K 2 la favored tiy Stolnitr. but
alsapDroved of by most of the theorotlclaus. in
whoae opinion white acts tbu better came
alterO..,iKt-K2: 1ft P-K 5. Kt-B3 (bet
ter than P x P 10. Kt x P. threatening B-Kt 5
clisndalsoP-QO); 11. Kt-y B3. caatles.12,
Kt-K4.PxPT13.BxKt.PxB.
10 B-Kt:. KUt-KS.
. This host defenco was discovered by tho late
Louts Paulsen.
li -ja
.White would lose by 11. Q B x P. B-K Kt en. :
12B-BUKtxB: 13.(J-U4.Q-02: 14. (J x
Kt fixp: 15. K-Bsq. llf K x II tfion Q-Kt 5
ch: III. F.-lt m. Q x Kt oh : 17. K moves. B
K A andtnate I u navoldable). Q-lt 0 : la Q Kt
- 2. B-K Kt S: 17. Q-Kt 3. castles, Qlt
threatcniug Q B Kt sq. which must win.
ISkKS. If QH4.
White is concentrating his ploces to an on
alauditagalnBt tliw advance klug. while blaek
trlt)to make good hU nupvriorlty of position
on the quoen's wing.
iQ-qa. ir-Ba.
This moro onnblcs black to procaed with Kt
bOTldss obstructing thu range of tho
ad voi so B.
lBK-nMi
Inprdorto oontlnuo after Kt-K4: 10. Ktx
KtBl'xKt: wlthl7. 1-B4, which could not
M done without tho movoclvon atiovo. as
black would win a piece i.y 177 I'-B 6 dis. all.
, ino text mure also enables whlto u uioceeu
Uler pn with U-K Kt sn. and P K Kt 4,
suchlnierlar would Iju 16. Kt Kt3.becauaoof
htlK'- Ja KtxKt.BPx Kt; li. K-It su.
V Bi5.
1CIJB-Biq ll ht i
Blaok has maintained liU pawn and M pro
parea the advuuuu ol his pawns on the queen s
wiuc, tut white bus a very good iituck on the
Jtliu? sidq, 0 Kt-B3beomto bo etlll moro
iu.irablo for tho llrst player, lllaok van reply
by Kt i: 4 or by U-Kt 8. in the Unit case the
continuation U n followm
i?i Sl7.',.., KI-H4 13 0-n4ct Q-Q3
i?KbMo f-K3 la vjx Kl n-iij
J1U-B kixb M Ei-ga i-Ka
14 .. Kt-KJ
f blared by Gunsborg ugalnet Tenhigortn is
interior, lneltbci ensu wliuo lias it Hplvndld
snack. The following ilufunot. Invented ty
liillifk.iteseiveoiHildoratlun: 12...K-B2;
11 Oi Kt eh. ll-k ji 14. P-Q ft (or Q-K 2,
Kt-R 2). il-y .' : 16. Kt-K -'. Kt-K 2. followed
Py.Jl-h or B hi.
hhould black reply 0...B KtO. tho gamo
procerti as follows:
30 BJ KtO K-llr). (12r-qr.4 Kt-lt4
ii . . '"'( ial' 3.1 n
11B-K3 KKI-K3 l4P;t Kt-Kt3
..Whlto lias a good attack. Tho continuation
iu. y-JH ltraer'snttnck Is obsolete.
TOE tXlUMIOaWED PCTENCB.
..Perhaps tho bast plan forblnek Istoretlro
the bUtinp til It 4 on tho fifth move. This
nmltiis it necessary for whlto to wtcrlflco a
jeoonrt unwu in order to keen 'P "? attack.
'r Jill, cihtlos. then Kt-B3; 7 P-Q 4. caotles
ano black maintalne the pawn In a eafo posl
ion. li lit x P. lllchardson'a attack li-aviis
Piaek after tho forend oxcliunguof queens with
a minor pleuo and two puwiiH agnlnbt a rook,
b demouatrnted by Prof. J. turgor:
r? I.1. P!.B Kit 10. II x Rrh. K x Bl it. I'-Ot,
Jiii,K, ?! .4 v-H 4. B x Pi IC. ICi x II. Kt x K 1 1.
fitelnltz'H move U...Q B31s bad. as amply
Prnvon hy the qaule gn.no ng,tinbt '1 suhigorin
nnl by his games nguinut tiiinsberg.
Whlto conlliunm Tjost with 0. V Q 4. P x P:
7. castles Here black has tho option of ra
treating tho U-Kt 3. whereupon H. Px P. P-Q.
iirlngs opout tho normal defenee. r black
rnlglit win another pawn by P x P. Although
whito gt.ts a violont attack, blnok ought to Lo
r H! '"Jlnnlly make his numerical udvautago
tea Ihugainoiuns us follows:
7rMil, pp lil"KB Q-Kt S
Q-K.O Q-BS(bt) (BurriUn
It would bo unfavornblo to capture the Kt,
for while would, aftor retaklnir..proce'el with
Kt-Kt 5. followod br D-Q 3, with an exoollent
camw.
n n-nn. citlM.
Whlto's olovonth move represents tho most
lasting form of nttnok In the compromised,
anil Its defence stands and falls with castling.
whlto's most promising continuations are:
12. Kt-Q 5 rKZ 12. (J It-Qsq. Is met by
P-Kkt4.(ia Kb-B4; Q-B 4.1 In the. flrst
namnd variation tho game proceeds In the fol
lowing manner:
UKt-qs kixki iisnxRt
tf 13 BxR, thas-.j.n-D Bl 14. Kt-R 4. Q-Kt B
la. Q-Kt a. P (4.sd4 moat win oaa ot Ibt hottll
bUhopa.
(13 ... r-Q 3
R-Kaq would bo very Jnforlor. for wl.lte
procoedsthon with li lit-KtS. Ktx Pi 15.
I-B 4. &c
14 q R-Q (J It-Q aq I
Moro favorable still for tho dofcnoois 1Z
Kt-K 2 If met with P-Q 3. wheroaa tho roply
P Q Kt 4 loses as follows :
11 Kt-K a T-KI4 17 0B-Qaq Q IX-Q as
13B-Q3 1-K3 1HA-K4 P-Q4
14RxTei K-retq lul-xl" PxV
l&Q-K.'l U-H3 O-KII I--B4
15 St-KIS B-KI 3
If B-B 2 or P-Kt 5, thon nt oneo 21. B-B q.
HDxKt Kixb 113 Kt-CO Wilts wla
b x b ai q-rt 4 I
Blaok's boat continuation Is:
li Kt-K a r-o a ioq-o.i Oxf
13 R-Q 3 B-fl4 20Q-R3 Kt-K7ch
J4Kt-R4 O-K 3 21K-Uaq Kt-IIT.
lOKIxn fitxKI MQ-B P-KKI4
14 Q-U 3 U Kl-Q 5 33 Q-H S Q-Kt 3
IfKtxKt KlxKf 34B-Kta P-KBS
18 li x t ch K-R !
Blaek most win after tns forced oxchangoof
queons
20 B-K 4 P-KR4 31Q-RSca. K-Kt m.
aiuxKtr qn-iitaii. :3 u-uo B-B a
Block Is P ahead and has tho hotter posi
tion. ttib bvavs oambit SKcxiirKD.
If ths) second player deslros to avoid the com
plications of tho Krana Gambit ne relight sim
ply rotreat the I) to Kt3on his fourth moro In
stead of capturing the pawn. 1 ho advanced
pawn will giro whlto a slight inferiority In
position. Any other way ot declining the Gam
bit Is disadvantageous.
REST 01WR.
1. P-K 4, P-K 4: X Kl-K B 3. Kt-Q B 8; S. B-B 4.
B-B4I4. P-QKt4.B-KI3.
Br-QR4 tr-QR3
Black may also play: P-Q B 4. 6. P Kt S.
Kt-y5.andlf7. Kt x P. Q-Kt 4. with an ex
eollent attack.
ACaattn r-0 3 I 0 B-KS K Kt-K 3
7P-BS B-Kt 5 10 Q Kt-Q 3 Kt-Kt S
8 P-Q 3 Q-B 3 I
Blaokhas ths better gamo. Should white,
however, p'ay 10. BxP black would cot a tine
fsfoVir a Kt-gt 3; 1Z
BECOKO 01MK.
6 r-Kt s Kt-R 4 e x r
B-K 2 Is perhaps white's best move at this
stage.
I Q-B 8
Q-Kr.4 may bo also played with advantage
by block.
7BxPcb K-Bm llOQKt B3 PxKt
8P-04 P-Q3 11 Kt-Q 5 QxD
wn-A3 Kt-Ka US ttt xKl C-Kai
Whlto has no sufflolent attack for the lost
piece.
TUB BVTLOraz.
1. P-K4, P-K4; 2. Kt-K B3. Kt-Q B 3; 8. B KtS.
This last move constitutes the Buy Ixipoa
opening, whloh takes its name from a Bpanish
oiergyman. Although white does not accom
plish the object whtoh prompted the Inventor
to the third move, vlt, to win. the K 1 (for uftor
4. llx Kt, JJ 1 x B: & Kt x P. black .recovers
thoPbyQ UO). it Is tho most popular open
ing. Out of the numberless variations arising
from this opening we will consider the bout
ones only.
3. B-Kt 5. Kt-K B 3: 4. Oastles (P-Q &
SftMM' ?m 3Taan
gamejortl P-5 B. Kt-Q3; 7. PxKt Bt x B:or
7. B-K 2. with an even game. 7. B xKt Q P x
B. is slightly In favor ot blaok.
If 4. P Q 4. black equalizes matters by p x P:
C. CkUorB-K2:U. V-K 5. Kt-K 5: 7. B-ri
sq. Kt-B 4; a. Kt xP. KtxKt followed by
castling.
Another Tory good defence Is to attack the
bishop by 3...P Q It a Thu best moves on both
sides are as follows: 4. B-114. Kt-B 3: 5.JP
Q 4. P x P: U. Onstios, B-K 2: 7. P-K 5. Kt
K 6 : K KtxPrkt-B 4; 0, Kt-B 5. castles:
la (i-Kt 4. P-K Kt 3: li Tl x Kt Q Jx B;
1Z Kt x B ch. Q x Kt Ur 5. Castloe. Kt x P:
Other dofencos of the Ray Lopes ore Inferior.
fiUdnlti! favors 3... P-Q 8, but attor 4. P-Q 4.
Px P: 5. Kt x P. B-Q 2: U Kt-Q U 3. B-K2:
7. Oastles. Kt-B 3: K P-Q Kt 3, followed by
B Kt 2. white a gamo Is prof era bio.
the scotch ouurr.
This opening derives Its namo from a corre
sponding game played In 1824 between tho
chess clubs of Edinburgh and London. It
arlsoB after:
l,r K4.P K4:3.Kt-KR3.Kt-QBS:tromtbamor
3. P Q 4. 1' x Y. Tba old-f uhlonad contlnnatlOT, 4. n
4. 11-fl 41 8. Kt Kt fi, Kt R Bl B. Kt X P. Kt X Kt J 7. B
x 1-ch.KxB: B.Q-Rfieb. i'-KKIS: S QxB. T-Q4.
leavra black wltb the taperlor pontton. It is now con
aiaend but (or whit In rataka tba Pen tb (ecrtb
eove. vberaupon bUcx hat thrao tinea of play, name
..4...Q-R6.4...B-B4,or4.i.Kt-88. "
JRB3T OAMB.
4 Xtxr Q-R8
Attacking the K P. which white can only de-
iond by 5. QQ 3, whereupon bUck gets tho
ictter game by 5...Kb-B3: ti KtxKtQPx
t : 7. Kt Q 2. B-Q B 4 : a t-K Kt 3. Q-It 4.
or this reason whlto does boxt to abandon
tho rawn by either Kt-K B 3 or Kt-Kt 5. The
first move, tho so-called Fraser attack, seems
Uibonot qultons stro cos the latter move,
which orlginatedwlth Horwltz. A likely con
tinuation of the Fraser attack fa5...QxPnb;
. B-K 2. P-Q 4: 7. Castles. B-i3i 8. Kt--B
:iQ-B4:B-QKte.Kkt-K2:ia Kfc
Q 4. Q-Kt 3: 11. P-B 4. B--Q2; 12, B x Kt.
P x B: la K-K sq. K-Q sq. to be followed tiy
Kt B sq. Block may also follow up a plan
adopted by Steinitz ugalnst Golmayo. namely,
after taking the KP to play the quoonbaokto
Q imi via K 2.
G. 1U Kt & B-Kt 6. eb 6. B-Q a
Bettor, perhaps. Is tho following tine of play.
Introduced by .Louis Paulsen against Wlnawa:
!! P-y B 1 Q x P ch: 7.TI-K 2. B li 4;
6 Kt-Q 2. followed up by Kt-B 4.
(I QxPcb I 8. Catlaa BxB
7. B-K3 K-Qei ft. KtxB Q-B4orKI3
Black has n pawn ahead, but whlto Is better
developed ann will be first to occupy the open
K and Q file with his rooks.
sicojtd axitz.
4 Kt x r B-B 4
This Is the most practised continuation
which gives a perfectly safo defonce,
8 B-K 3 Q-B 8 I7Q-Q3
P-B8 SKt-Kl I
This strong continuation Is also thn Inven
tion of L Puuleen. Tho Gorman authorities
re-onimend blaek to ciistlo In reply thereto.
Mackenzie and the Kngllsh masters play P-Q
It 3. while In tho Berlin tournament Zukortort
ngalnst L Paulsen adoptod, perhaps, the most
tfffloient course: P-Q 4.
Dr. Meltner n. strung Vienna amateur. Intro
duced 7. Kt B'2. which move was fmqunntly
nifonted ly Blnokburne. Jllack answors lKint
B x Hi K Kt x ttQ-K 4; ft Q-B 3 (If B-u 3
or Kt-Q 2. blaek replies P-Q 4. Isolating the
adverse K PJ, Castles, followed soon byP K
B 4. with the superior game. ..... ,
If 7. B-K 2 or Q B 4 or P-K B.4. blapk
equalizes tho camo by 1-Q 3 or castlea or P
Q 4 respectively.
THIRD OAKB,
4 Kt X r Kt-B 8
A very good defence, which was Invented by
tho Uuesian malor, E. von Snhinidt Jt was
brought Into prominence by tho lata Dr. Zu
kortort c Q Kt-B a
This moro was played br Stelnlta against
Zukettort:
B-Ktn leftf vxv
BKtxKl KIPxKI fioaatlja satlas
7B-Q3 P-Qt I10B-Q3 P-H3
Illack has a goid gamo.
If ut once Kt x Kt the gamo proceeds thus:
B Kt X Kt Kt P X Kl I K B X P u Kt X P
nn-QH r-Q 4 nqxKteb Q-KJ
7Q-K3 i-x lioqxy BxQ
Blsek has the better development and has
two bishops. IfO. Q-K 2, Q-K2: B-B i P-K
Kt4. winning n pawn.
Bud is thuWlowIng continuation for white:
ft Kt xKt Kt i'x Kt:. B-Q 3. i,M 4: 7.P
K 5 (?) Kt-Kt 5: a Caatlcs. B.- B 4: Rl $
lit x K P: 10. U-K sq. Q-Ui"i, ""?,-
eastles: 12. Ox KtO X Peh: 18. K-R sq. Ill
p; 14. P xM-H '1 'h : 15. K-ll 2, B-Q 3; la
QxB, Q-B 7 and wins.
toe two KMorrrs petehcb.
This opening has been discarded as unfavor
able for the seoiind player until reoently, when
it wits successfully rnvived by Tschlgorln, Ths
uuiin vurlatlons are ns follows:
nui sivs.
I pk 4 r-K 4 n-iri.tvo J-K it s
i Kt-K B 3 Kt-OBS 8 Kt-g B 8 P-KR
Jiit-KtB P--Q4 11 P-Q 4 PXPep
Bpip Kt-iR4 lifctxtir' B-Q 3
flli-K6cb I'-na 13kt-ij3 Caaflea
7 PxP 1-xP
Black has a good attack for the pawn.
ncoa siaa
The first four moros llko In came No. 1.
o ) x p Kt x r
This apparent plausible move loses shortly,
n Kt x p K x Kt I H Kt-B 3 it-ri
7 Q-B eh K-. 3 I t) r-Q 4 r-B 3
Of course not PxP, because of 10. Q K 4
ch. winnlugtheKt
MJI-KKtB K-Q3 114 RxB TxB
I I t V K-K q 10 B-fcTt B eb
13 Caitles Q B U-K 8 and 101,
13 Kt X Kl U X Kl I
Of lt etelnltp attemptad to dlsproTS.lho
soundness at wnlt-j e eiwrlflo on ios) fwa
mrivfc based on. J he following defence: 8. ...
K 2. B x Pi 17. Oastles with ft winning altnok.
The rejoinder, advocated by. Molnitz. IH ...
Qnliohl 17. B-Q.2. Qx Kt, loses speedily on
account ot the crushing reply. 18. B x Kt oh.
raits autr.
a. r-K4.P-K43. Kt-K B 8, Kt-Q BO: 3. B-B 4,
Kt-B 8.)
Whlto can, avoid early complications by 4. Kt
B 3 or P ) 3, turning tho gamo into a GIuoco
Piano, or whlto may play:
4 r-Q 4 I'xP &eaatlte KtxP
If P-K 0. then P-Q 4.
fln-Kaq r-04 8 Kt-B 8 Q-B 4
7BxP qiu I W KtxKt U-K 3
Tho game Is even.
the KNotrsn kt. oakk. OB roNzixBi orr.Niita
. This opening was revived during the sixth
American Chess Congress by MoLeod, and
subsequently often adopted by Techlgorjrt. It
insists of the moves: 1. P K4, P-K 4; a
t-KBaKt-BStap-Ba
P-K?l 4an d"0n(1 wlln P-y " Kt-B or
P:VKt,x,p;tQa4,8?tlf $V$$!$$f.
4 r-B 8
. Admittedly tho boat defonce. PxP would
be much inferior.
R B-Kt o Kt-K a
PXP
This very good movo was Introduced nt tho
Frankfort tournament by Alapin. Tho. old
continuation 0. P-Q 3. U Q 2 leaves blaok
with the better gamo.
7 Cutfta B-K 8
Bottor than B Q Z whereupon. whlto gets
tho hotter gamo by 8. P-Q 4, P-l 5: 0, K Kt
8 P-Q 4 rr 0rxr Oaatlaa.
Thogame Is even. Black may also play 8.
P-U 0: . K Kt-Q 3: P-K B 4 with a view to
castlo afterward on the Q side.
II.
0r-B3 KI-KB3 I4P-Q4 KtxP
Unfavornblo Is P x P bocausa of 5. P K 5, Kt
-Q4. 0. B-QKto.
B P-Q Kt-Kt aq B Kt x Ft r-Q 8
eu-o:i Kt-n 4 n cutlet n-Rs
7 KtxP KtxBcb 1 10 Kt-Q 3 t'aetlee
There Is no ndvantagn on olther side. Black
mar also play the Kt 1)3. on his sixth movo.
titelnltz recommends the following lino of Dlay
for whlto: 5. 11-Q 3. P-Q4: aTltx P. Ktx
Kt: 7. P x Kt threatening B x Kt followod by
Q-R4ch. m
s r-B 8 r-s B 4
This move was favored by Andorssen. If
whlto Plays 4. PxP, then P-Q a and If P-K
Kt4, P-K R 41
4 r-o 4 P-Q a te Kt-Kt b r-Q 4
8 P xK r B P x P I
P x P or Kt x P are equally good.
7 r-K 8 Kt-B 3 110 BxP QxQch
B B KtS Q-Q3 UKxQ Kt-Q sq
V r B 4 r x P I with n eon luii
TUB rirtUDOB AKD rBTBOlT DKrXSCBS.
After 1. P-K 4. P-K 4: 2. Kt-K B 3. black
can dofend the P hy either P-Q 3 or make u
countor attackby Kt K B a Tho first gamo
Is call ml tho Phllldor Dofence. tho second tho
Petroit Defence, niter Its Inventors, the famous
French and Hussion masters. Both de
fences nrelnforior to U Kt B a .
In tho Phllidor. White plays best a P-Q 4.
8. B B 4 Is also safe. In this caso black has
xo reply with B K 2 on account of the nttaok
4 Kt-Kt 5. Attor 3 P-Q 4. PxP. whlto can
retake with Q or Kt
4QxKt Kt-QBS I 7 B-K KtS Kt-B 8
AU-OKtS B-Q3 8 Kt-B U B-K3
UxKt BxB V Coetlea Q R Cattlea
Whlto has slightly the better game. Blaek
may also pbty 4, . . . B-Q 2. 5. B-K B 4. or K 3:
6. Kt-K B 3: & Kt-B 3. Kt-B 3; 7. Q-Q2.
B-K 2: castles Q B. castles Kt,
If I Kt x P. blacrcan reply either Kt-K B 3.
or B-K 2. or P-Q. 4.
Tho following variation Is tho Invention of J.
M. Hanham: a P--Q 4. Kt-Q 2: it Is best met
with 4. B-B 4. P-QJB3: 5. P-B a Q-B 2;
0, Kt-Kt8, Kt-B3r7TP-KB4.B-K3;a Cas
tles with tho superior gamo.
Tho Petroft Defenco is constituted 1T ! P
K4. P-K 4: 2. Kt-K B 3. Kt-K B 3. Whlto
plays best 3. Kt x P. P-Q 3 (not Kt x P.on ac
count of 4. Q-K 2. Q-Ka: 5. Q x Kt PQ3;
a P-Q4.P-KB3: 7. P-KB4) 4. Kt-KB3.
Kt x Via. P-Q 4 (bottor than olther P-Q 3 or
Kt-Q B a which only equalizes the game) P
Q4: tt B-Q.3.QKt-B3: 7. CusUeu. B-K 2:
8. IV K sq with the troer game.
TBB KINO'S GAMBIT.
These very Interesting openings, although
theoretically In favor of the second player, uro
ofton ventured with success. White's ohjoot
In sacrificing tho K B P on tho second movo is
to rccovor it alter establishing a contre. After
the moves: 1. P-K 4. P-K 4: 2. P-K B 4.
P x P. white proceeds olther with Kt K B 3 or
B B4. In the Qrst Instance we hnvo tho
King's Knight's Gamult with Its various off
springs: in the latter case tap Bishop's Gam
bit Is arrived at
The best defonce to the Kings Knight's Gam
bit is a.. P-K Kt 4. White has a number of
continuations, but most of them are obsolete
and leave black In tho decided advantage. The
only variation played nowadays in serious con
tests ih 4 B II 4. 4. P-K R 4 bus not been
played slnoe the Vienna tournament Black
replies. . .P-Kt 5. If . Kt-Kt 6 (Allguler)
the litis lost by P K R 3. and white's subse
quent attack Is no compensation for tho lost
Piece. If tj Kt-K 6 (Kteseritzkyl.then Kt-K
113: 0B-B4. P-Q 4: 7 Px P. B-KfJ:8Kt-B
3: Castlos; p P-Q 4 Kt-B 4: 10 Kt-K 2. P-Q
S4: HP-QB3 (orPxPip.Ktx P. 12 Kt x
tPxKt: 13P-QB3, P-BOI) P x P: 13 P
x P, QKt-Q 2: 13Kt x Kt (If Kt x Kt P. Kt
QKt3 winning a plecs). BQ 2 with au ex
cellent game.
8 B-B 4 B Kt a
A better defence is P Kt 5. which will be
considered below.
6 P-Q 4 r-Q.1 7 Caatlaa Kt-Q B 3
ll-P M8 P-KR3 (8 Q-Kt 3 or Kt-B 3
BUck ta a pawn abead, bat use a crampeU game.
4 B B 4 P-Kt G
This Is now considered best Whlto has
either to sacrifice the knight (Muzlo Gambit or
play Itto king's 5-Halvla Gambit), tho main
variation of tho Muzlo is as follows: 5 Castles. P
xKt;O.QxP,Q-B3:7.P-K5(perhop white's
best plau Is P Q3 and then to direct his of
forts to win the KB P. which would leave him
3 Kt-B 3: il, QllKBqQ-B4: 12. Kt-(3g,
K-QBq: 13 fa-B3.R-ksq: li.Kt-BOlt-B
sq : aud ought to win.
In the Solvit) Gambit white plays 5 Kt-K 5,
Q-lt 5 oh. : 0 K-B sq. ht-H .'l : 1 P-Q 4, P-li
; 8 Kt-B3(bast).l-Q: 0 Kt--Q 3. Il-Kt 2 i
l6 B-K KtS, QtQ 8 (not Q-B 0 ch. which
would imperil thoQ), 11 Kt-B 4. Castles; 12
P K II 3 with a good gamo.
Black's best defotiort is the following ono
practised by the Vlennn masters: 0 Kt Q B 31
for If 7 Kt x Kt whlto will never recover tho
gambit puwn, whiih black can protect by
Kt-K Kt 3 via K 2, and if 7 Q x Kt P then
QxQ: 8 KtxQ. VQh 0 B-K 2. Kt-yO.
winning tho oxchange. Other variations
would be still moro disadvantageous lor
The main variation of tho Bishop Gambit Is
M &M llxfe.frTcKh5
foite&V5' iAi u x Kt:
The gamo Is about oven.
TUB KINO'S OJLUBIT DECLINED.
The King's Gambit can bo rnfusod In two
ways, by 2. B-B 4. or 2... P-Q 4. All other
moves p Interior, In reply to B B 4 whlto
plays 3 Kt K B a P-1 3, whereupon he lias
the following continuations at his disposal:
4 B-B 4. 4 P-B 3, and 4. Kt-B 3 (best). To
4 B-B 4 blaok repllos with Kt-K B 3; 6 P-Q
a B-K KtB: 0 P-B 3, Kt-B 3: the game U
oven; 4 P B 3 is not to be recommunded.
Wlilta roust advanoe his pawns top early, uud
Invariably gets a bud gamo. .White's lK't
plan is 4 Kt-Q B a which will give him u
good game, and In most ruses enable him to
change off tho adverse K B hy Kt Q li 4.
After 1. P-K 4. P-K 4 2. P-K B 4 : B-i 4 : 3
Kt-KBa P-Qjl:4Kt-B3. Kt-uhi(muci
better than B-Ot KtS. wMlo Ki-K B 3 loses a
pawn by 5 P x P. I x P; 0 Kt x P. and if Q-Q fj
riien7Kt-Qyi- White may oontlnuo wlvli 5
B-Kt B or B 4. In the first case after B. Il-Kt
B. Kt-B 3: 0 P-Q 3. cftHtles; 7 B x Kt. P x B; 8
Kt QB4 Black will either lo-o a pawn or
Favo to snbmlt to u treblo pawn by Kt x B.
Tho second niove lends to thn following Inter
est ng vnrlat Ion: B.. B-jl 4, 1(tB 3; . P-Q 3.
B-Kltt 5 : 7. P-K It 3. B x Kt : 8. Ox fl. Kt-Q
6: 0. Q-Kt. 3. Tho reply cneflos lew whlto
wlthiT god gnmo. v r,: 10. PxP. Px P: 11.
B-K kt5.B-K2 best, for If now Ktx Pch; 12.
Kt Qsq. Ktxll: 13, KtQ B with nn haras
ilngiittiok. Whllo ftlterOC.Rtx Pch.ltt K-Q
sq.Tt x ft: 11. Q x; KtP. K-Q 2: Blank, al
though hnving an ndvantsgo In material, haa
nverydlfllculf camp to defend.
ThoGounterGninblt 2...P-Q4 Is also called
Fulkbfler Gatnhlt becauso Its strongest vur o
tlon, 3. P x P. P-K Bl has been dun to o ditln
guNhed Auttrjan nhiyer of ' that name. If
white plays 4. B-Kt ft eh. blnok can eoua z
Pv,rQte3?!Los,,it:;p'x7.3i
Kt-B 3: a Kt-112. n-ifa: ay kt-n a. Ji-
KtBi 10. cajtles. castles k.n.Wj3:
flee a pawn by Px P: a B-B 4. Kt-B .1; 7. 1-Q
4. B-Q 3 1 8. K Kt-K 2. caUos for tho bolter
development
,l1,ltlcKVBQ1TtaTtV3t:to,;Qa-ri?tJ.on'
THE VIXmtA OAITR.
This Is ono of tho most practised openings.
Itrierltod Its nijipo from having .been olilwll
favored by tho vleiruii maulers, IJumppu and
btelnitz. Itconslhtsof
1. J'-K at r-K 4, 2. Kt-Q B 3. Btatk can reply with
K-U4or eltbrr Kt-B 8. B-W4 aronaKarad !
lurwbltaean contlana B. Kt-K II 8. Kt-Q B 8. 4. kt
,f, rei'Ottriaf the pteea 4Tantoieoniy with 6. P
anntrior smi nt whits can arme at a potltloa ot
tbe Kins Oaiublt il(wunal by 33. r-B 4,
If black dnvolops either Kt, whllo can enter
Into i GIuoco llano or Buy It'oa or plarit
cntnblt Tho two llrst options lead ffenerHlly
t an even name, for Jntatice 1.1 '-K4. PK
4 : 2. Kt-Q II a Kt-K B 3 or t B 3 : a, Kt-B a
Kt-Il.tHf. B-Bt.B-B4: I. P--Q3.P-Q3I
tl. rastlofl-mstles. or B. Il-Kt C. B-Kt 5; tl
CafUoa-costleij 7, P-Q,a.P- 3. 7. J Kt-U Bis
best mot with KtxKt; aPxKtPxKfli ft Px
Kh P x Kt: 10. Q x P. Q P x P. bettor Ratno.,
In Uiesewrintlonsit was immaterial .wheth
er blnok moved (he K"or .W V" B0 ' it
adopte n gambit on tho third move.
In tills auto tlieso muves must bo considered
""F-kV. r-K 4:2. , Kt-Q B 3. Kt-Q B 3;
a P n 4. P x P. White ha n variety of gam
bits In which to enter, but In most Instances
the development of tho Q Kt Is moro In. favor
of black than of white. . 1-0,4 (tlilsls tho
HtMnltisaamDUXQ-Uflchtn. K-K 2. P-Q 4:
?0. PxP. Black oan now play for n draw, by
hecklngat K2andll5. os.wnlta has to play
. K B 2. for7. K-B 3 would be Up dangerous
on account of Q-U6: 8. P-K R3.Kt-TCU3I
In order to escape the draw whlto must sacri
fice o pawn thus! 7. K-B2.y-lt5ohj 8. P
KtaPxILiO. K-Kt 2. B-Q 3: 10. Q-K sq
ch.QKt-lt 2: 11. PxP. Qxd-P: IZKt
113. with a good attaok for tho last pawn.
Blaok may also adopt the Ingenious put rlaky
course Inrentod by Zukerfcirtifl. B-Kt5ch:
7. Kt-B 3. castlos qTi; 8. P X Kt B-B 41
inothor but Inferior defonce Is 6.. . P-Q Kt a
Bhonldwhltoonterlnto any variation of the
regular K's Gambit br means of 4. Kt-K B 3.
the prior development of tho Q Kts Is most
ly In favor of blaek. except perhaps. In tho
following gamo. which was first, played by Ij.
Paulsen ngaltiBt Knglffch: 4. Kt-DC b 3,
P-K Kt4: 5. P-Q.4. B-Kti: 0 PQ 5. Kt-K
It 4. with a fair game, .
. Thn combination of the Vlonna game wllh
tho Mudo (sometimes called I'lnrco Gambit!
aftor 4, Kt-K B 3. P-KKt4: C.B-B4. P-Kt
B:. Oastlps, Ktx Pi 7. P-Q 4 will bo upset by
Kt x P, followed Mix Ktlby Q-Kt 4, whloh
threatens mate, and also BB 4.
Whlto may selecl another attack: 4. Kt B.T.
P-K Kt 4 : 6. P-K B 4. P-Kt 5 : 0. Kt-K Kt 6.
which Is called tno Ilumpo-Allealor Gambit,
and which yields a more lasting nttark than
the Allgaler Gambit proper. Tho beat dofence
to It is ae follows! P-K It 3: 7. Kt x P. Kx Kt:
a P-Q4. P-Q 3: 0. B x P, B-Kt 2: 10. B-S 4
ch. K-Ki 2Tll. B-K a K-R 2 : fi Kt-Q BTu
Kt-K2i la Q-Q3.P-B3: 14. Kt-B4. P-Q4;
IB. P x P dlslhJ-B 4: 10. P x P. Kt-B 3?17.
QQ 2. Kt x P. with a well-developed camo.
nil Q-0 3 then K Kt-K 2 (nor Kt-KtB. be
eausaof 13 P KBchria Castles. Kt-KtB; 14.
QQ 2, P-Q 4 : IB. P x Pi BB 4.
Ifafter if t-TPi 4. 2. t-Q B 3. black
responds with KtK B 3. white still mayaler
the gambit a P B 4. which, however, black
ought not to accept for whlto will advan
tageously play P-K 5. Black e best move Is
P-Q 47Wh!to proceeds with 4. PxK P. Kt x Pi
B. Qi-B3l Kt-B3: . B-Kt B. Kt x Kt: 7. Kt
P or Q P x Kt. with a good camo To greator
complications leads C P-Q 3. B-Q Kt 8: B. B
PxP, Ktx P (I): a Px Kt J bettor, perhaps,
llrst B-Kt B eh. Q-R 5 eh; 7. K-K 2. B x Kt;
a P x B. B-Kt 5 cli: ft Kt-B 3. P x P; 10. J U
y4. B-it4:ll. K-k3(ff KathenQ-Kfr),
winning back tho piece). Bx Kt: 12 B-Kt 5
ch (If PxB, blaok either wins the rook or
draws by Q-K8 eh), P-B 8: 13. P x B, Px B:
14. Q x P. 0 x Q ch; IB. K x Q Castlos. BUck
has tho bottor disposition of pawns.
THC CEUTBB alMBIT.
This opening consists of tho moves: 1. P
K 4. P-K 4: 2. I'-Q 4. P x P. Whlto can pro
coed with a F-Q B.and IfPxP 4. B -QB C of.
forlng a second pawn. This is caltod the Nor
dish or Danish Gambit and its acceptance
euhjeets black to an harnsslnir attack. Tho
beBt dofenoo is P-Q a followed by Kt-K It :L
To avoid unnecessary complications blaok
plays best Kt-K B 3 In reply to B-B 4
The following variation originated with, W.
Paulsen: a Qx. P. Kt-Qn,3: 4. Q-K 3 1 Tho
best defonoe is P-K lit a with mostlythe fol
lowing continuation: 5. ,B-Q,"2. fi-Kt2: fl.
Kt-Q B. P-Q 3: 7. Castles Q BTK Kt-K 2: a
F B 4.B-K 3; li. Kt-B 3, with an even game.
CLOSE DEFENCES.
Theso are: 1. P K 4, P-K 3: the French. 1...
P-Q B 4: the Blcllion Defence. 1... P-Q 4:
the Greco Countor Garonlt. P-Q Kt 3. or K Kt
3: the Quoen's resp.. King's Flancnetto.
In tho French Defence. 1. P-K 4. P-K 3: 2.
P Q 4. P y 4 : 3. P x P. P x P loads to an even
gamo. both parties developing their forces
uniformly. 3. Kt-Q B 3. Kt-B 3. is now tho
most favored continuation: nsarule followed
by 4 B-Kt 6. and P-K 0. either on the fifth
move or aftor the exchango of tho B 4 or tho
Kt Of late 4. P-K 5. K Kt-J 2: B. P-B 4
has been reeommeniled, ani If 0...1" QI14:
tl P x P. B x P: 7. Q-Kt 5 But black can ufTord
to postpone the taking of the pawn and to play
KtQ il 3 Instead. A superiority or white in
nnyof these variations of tho French dofonco
cannot bo demonstrated, and by propor treat
ment of this opening blaok will be always sure
of bringing about a draw. .. ,
The Mclllan Defonce Is theoretically Inferior,
as It leads to a weakening of black's Q P. But
whlto ought to bo warned against precipi
tating the attack. Somo players adopt tho K'b
Flanchetto (J. P K Kt a followed soon by ll
Kt 2) against It. while others prefer the de
velopment of both Kt 3. and P--Q 4. with tho
subsequent posting of the B at K 2. Tho fol
lowing lino of nlay Is considered best for both
sides: 1. P-K4J,-QB4; 2. Kt-K B 3. Kt
QBS; a P-Q 4. Px P; 4. Kt X P. Kt-B 3:5. Kt
-Q 1)3. P-Qi 3; a B-K 3. P-K Kt3; 7, B-K2orKt-Q5.
, nj
The Fianchettl are met best by 2. P-Q 4.
fotlowed by a P K B 3 In tho Queen's and
PQ B 3 In the King's Flanchetto.
The Greco Countor Onmblt 1. . iP-Q 4, leads
to tho loss of a move, for after 2. P x P.Oi P;
3. KtQ Bathe Queon must return to Q sq.
or goto Q R 4, whereshe Is badly posted. 2...
Kt-K B 3 is of no avail, for white foreps bluek
to take the pawn with the Quoen by a P-Q 4.
The Caro-Kann Opening. 1...P-K 4. P-Q B
3: 2.P y 4J' y 4:3. P-K B, nraounts prac
tically to a French Defenco. black, however,
having lost a move, as he is sooner or lator
compelled to pluy P Q B 4.
' CLOSE OFENIBOS.
Close openings aro If not more iust ns fre
quently played than open gamos. They consist
of tho Q Pononing. the Q's gnmblt. the Zukor
tortapd English Openlng.tbe VanKrulse Open
ing, tho 1C 11 Oponing. and the Q and K Flun
chettL With the exception of the latter, they
are all alike but for a transposition of movox.
ThoQ'8 Gambit. 1. P-Q 4. P-Q 4: 2. P-Q
B 4. is best refused, as bUck cannot form an
array of puwns as In the K's Gambit for whlto
will break through by P-Q It 4 and -Q Kt a
In tho Q P opening P Q B 4 la delayed, but
has t bo played soonor or lator.
The Van Krulso Opening begins with P K a
the .iikurtort Opening with 1 ht KB 3, tho
Q's Flanchetto with P-Q Kt 3. Somewhat in
ferior aro tho K's Flanchetto. which is host
answered by 1. P-K Kt a P-Q 4: 2. B-Kt 2.
P-Q B 3: and also the K B P Oponing. 1.
P-K B 4: for aftor P-Q 4 (boat) white K's P Is
weak. Tho following gamo may serve as an
B-?VpVi"pV wwxzVkl kVu
10. Custles, Kt B 3. with an oven gamo.
DISEASE jy THE COX3IUSIOX CUP.
Kenaons for Prarerrlnc tba JBomnn rthollo
Ue'.hoil to tba Protestunt.
rnm At film VitrniKg lltrul4al Daltu CaxrtU'.
Over four years ngo Dr. M. 0. Terry of Utlon,
created u.uite a stir by rending a paper .before
n medical soclpty criticising thu method of ad
ministering wine ut communion porvlcn. The
truth of his statements was sustained by a
voto to publish the article for the puollu ccmI.
Ills points then tukon of tlio communlcablllty
of many turluus ulsiuues, such, us diphtheria,
tuborcular consumption, curlot foyer, aud
oilier oqually. If not tnoio direful maladies by
thu tiBo of ono class handed from porson to
parson for tho purpose of sipping or drinking
herufrom. whetliur lit the communion tublti or
n public tl.tooh. without propor, cleansing,
lavo now txinn euutalnwl through bui'terio
oglcal liivehtlgatlons with tlie microscope and
ly a sclentUt uiifuuilllur with tho ubt qulty of
its Ideas, which had been given to tho pooplo
of Utlca on i'uU IH. 1B87. by Dr. Torry.
It might be mentioned h,ro that It Isahls
torlcul faet that In tho twolft 1 century children
wero torblddiiu the communion 011 account of
She danger of cotituglou through the provn
oneo of ilimmse, both zymotic und nhronlo, iu
niduced into Bump front thu east by the re
turning rirtitig armies of crusaders. It will bo
remonibereil that Prof. Hopkins pf Hamilton
Collogu wrote a most vigorous letter to Dr.
Terry endorsing the imper. Tho letter, which
was published in fulfat the time, among othor
etntmnontB eontalned the fpllowlna:
'Your position Is perfect yb'nalile. It Is. of
course, sound from 11 medical point of view,
nor can It bo Hssallcd on, any Mcrlpturnl
grounds. No delicitto. sculblo woman will
drink from tho cup which Is found at tho foun
tain or In tint curs or tho railroad waiting
room unlees as n mutter of absolute, noresotty.
Why shall ehu bo compelled to drink from a
cun hundreds of litis Imvo touched r". . ,
Tho writer ondoij wlthnn argument In favor
of each communicant having his own cum.
A reporter cjtlled on Dr. Torry yesterday to
obtain further Information on tho subject
Tho Doctor snld: , .
'lUniloubtedlv onr Roman Cathqllo friends
have the best method for communion servlne
at present. Our service could bo conducted in
a similar manner, bread wafers being dipped
slightly In the wlno andglven to thp commu
nicant Or breed could be leaked In narrow
oils, strips or tubes Then the class contain
n the wlno having been i need in the right
land of thu communicant the clergyman dips
the rod In tho wine, breaks off the olid, and
liacea It in the loft hand of tho communicant.
aTtor which the glass could bp Immediately
returned to the clergyman. It l the opinion
of niuny intnlllgent .nhyslel. n and a largo
following of laymen that a change ought U lip
inade consistent with physical eafoty; In fact
it Ik thought that unlecs tho clergymen do their
duty It will soon ho nonsldored a proper sub
left for Health Boards to act upon, a In othor
causative Influences bearing iindlaeases."
'J'he plan suggested by tho Doctor would not
only prevrnt thu eonituuii ration of tlli-casu by
the cup, but would probably in somo doireedo
uway witti thn obieotlons,, raised to thu use of
wlniifcloommunUm. by those, who hesitate to
drink it through fear Uwt U may rovive a
former torto, . .
1
SltUKaa TJItXB AttOVT IltlBhT.
X ConnttT In Ml 041 a Asia ttit At
tmet Able Cliincaa SJtary Tellers,
frtm lU jr.uW(Tt Burnt! BUr.
A curious collection of fact respecting
Thibet as repierentd by various Clilncne nu
tliors und travellers, has beon nwle liy Mr.
WoodvllU Rockhill. whobMlilmsrlf explored
that mysterious country vl middle Aelu.
On Now Vcnr" Day at tno entiltil oly.
Iih'aeo. there begins a reaaun of festivity. One
of thp entertalnmenta Is onlleil tho fiptctaole
0 the Flying UplrlU." The r'rforrniTs
Sreluh nn enormouely large rope, maila J
do. all the way from the top to tlio ixrttom of
ount Potaio: then thry fastnn groovixl
blocits orwpod to their eh4)ind tall down
the lino like bo many swallow. Ou top
of liils pnmu mountain . dwells .the pops
01 the Buddnlst rellgloB, who H callod the title
lania. lie Is nlao tlio lneavrpanonjif tbec-nl
which chiefly protects mankind. On tho wtp
of the month tlioro.la arwihsr great sport
when tho king of the doviuiTs driven nway. A
priest is choien to plov the port of tlio tftlo
lama, and n layman, soiectnd for his Wit and
activity. tnkoB tho role of the. demon. .The lot
tor smears his face with black and wbitn point,
and goea before tba pretuortod talo lamp, tor
the purpose of mocking him. The two have
nnnrgumenton rollgion. too Issue of wulcli Is
finally rotorrod by mutual agreement to it onst
of dice. Theso dlco are very big ones, about
tho site oT apples: but tho poorilend liny no
show titnu in tho gamble, Mr bis die Is I. Inn Ic
on ovory sldo. whllo the lama a hasUio highest
number on oacb ot Its faoeex In Thibet, as In
Chrlstlin counlrles, it is always laudable to
defraud tho devil . . . ,
Being bcaton. the ktnc of the devils Is fright
ened and runs away, wllh all the people after
him, firing guns and oannon. so that he Is
obliged to hldo at length In a hnlo in t'o
mountain, whero tirovlslons havo previously
eon plucod to foed him for a few days while
0 remains In concealraoiit There ore nearly
us many demons in Tnlbetas thuro are humao
Inhabitants, and the priert or "toman" aro
:opt very busy exorcising them, becauso
otliorwlso tlioy would swarm everywhere und
do no end of mischief. If any one is sick or
annoyed In any way tliedrvljs aro responsible,
and tlio only sensible thine Is to gn and hire a
firlestto frighton them an. For this purpose
ho lama reads aloud from the sacred writings,
blows n horn made from a human thigh pone,
boats a drum manufactured out of two human
skulls, rings a boll and tells over a rosary of
disk-shaped beads cut out of human skulls.
Tlio lamas also do a large business in fortune
telling. Uomctlmos they ascertain tho rates
with Barleycorns; at others they burn sheep
bonos for the sam purpose or gaze Into bowls
of water.
According to one author, then Is a very as
tonishing curiosity in Thibet ra the Bhapp of a
iilant that flies. It resembles a dog in shape,
stiio color of q, tortolsee-beU. and Is very tame,
f lions or elephants see ft tbey are frightened,
"henco It Is tho king of baaets." There ten
kind of blaok donkey wblefh can rope In flht
with tho tiger. On the ley peaks of the litraa
layon. says this imaginative writer, there Is a
"snow maggot "resembling the silkworm In
appearance, and weighing nearly a pound. It
is excellent to eat but too much of ft will make
one bleed nt the nose. Seventy li from Lh'asa
Is n convent on top of a hill and a great hole
full of white clay that is good to oat As fast
as tho clay Is eaten more takes its place. Be
hind the convent is a Urge take, and evildoers
who go near always tumble Into it The Thi
betans UK)d to cast buddhna in copper, and the
smaller they were tho more they wero worth.
Chinese philosophers say that manners differ
ovory hundred It of distance, and customs aro
no longer the same every thousand IL Thus
tlio ways of the Thibetans wry. but In most
ports It Is usual for a woman going to boo a
priest to sinoar her tape) witti mplasscs. If
this Is not dono tt is said that sho is tiring to
captivate the lama by her comeliness nn un
pardonable orimo. A sign of politeness on
mooting a person Is to held up tbo olosped
hands and stick out the toncuo. When r roan
dios ono-half of tils property goes to charity
and the othor half to the lamas. His family
gets nothing. One of the writers Quoted ob
serves that In caso of death tho oorpse
Is tied up with the head between
the knoos, and suspended In s rawhide
bag from tho rafters. A fow days later it is
taken to the corpse, cutter's pinco. where tt Is
tied to a post The flesh is then cut off and
given to dogs and the bonoscrushed in a stone
mortar und made up with grain Into balls,
which are also thrown to dogs and vultures.
Both thoso methods of burlai aro considered
highly desirable. .
For small misdemeanors men and women
aro stripped and beaten In tho market place.
Great criminals are bound wltb ropes and
whipped with rawhide laehes. If this does
not persuade them to avow their guilt boiling
butter Is poured on their cheats. Supposing
that they still protest their Innocence, they aro
suffocated with water, or splinters are driven
under their nails.
A woman who chooses to remain single and
to corn nor own living Is regnrdod ns an object
of scorn and derision, whereas, she who enn
properly porform the duties of n wife to threo
or four brothers at the same time Is accounted
admirable. It costs so much to support tho
290,000 priests In Thibet whloh has only 2.
OOu.OUO Inhabitants, that n man cannot ordi
narily afford tho luxury of a wlfo nil to hlm
eelf, so polyandry Is genorol. Any ono who is
aide, howover. may keep several wives. If a
woman's huBband Is awsy.lt is consldurod per
fectly propor lor her to take a temporary sub
stitute. In fact, tho sexual relations are von'
promiscuous. The lamas are nominally celi
bate. Thoy own no property personally, but
nearly all the gold and other valuables In tho
country find their way into tlio great monas
teries ns religious tribute. When the tale lama
dies his spirit is supposed to pass Into the body
of somo child, thus (fleeting anothor incarna
tion of tho benevolent god. The child is dis
covered by drawing lots, and Is made pope upon
confirmation of his nomination by the Kmper
or of China, to which nation Thibet Is tributary.
CBUbJIISQ A UOBXOS MOVEMENT.
Tbe Elder Went 00 Hie Way. and tier ilee)
tlm Uurcbed Home. '
Tron Old Xktrmi tut Prt
A Mormon older had been up among tho
North Carolina mountains spreading his doc
trines, und among the poor and illiterate ho
hud made converts. A day was set ylion Uiuso
were to assemble ut a crrtuln hamlet and etuit
on their westward journey. I met them tit a
bend In thu road, und drew aside to let them
pass. Half a mile further down they stopped
to eat dinner from the baskeU which hud luun
prepared. I was watching the butt onu out of
sight when n tulL gutint woman, who must
have been fully UO years old. but was 6 til I
rugged und full of determination, cams up
from tho othor way. Her dress wns of tlio
tlalnett und her head was coveted with a sun
onnet. white slip hod on neither shoes nor
stockings. HI10 had u rills nn her shoulder,
and she camo up so quietly that I wnsstartlod
"Mawnln', stranger." sho sulutod as she
came to a halt.
Good morning."
" Oev them dun passed this way V'
"The people with tho Mormon older?"
"Just pissod out ot sight Aro you onoot
" Ocd forbid I" sho replied as sho grounded
her rlllo. - Whnt do ypu think ?"
"About Mormonlsm r"
"e."
"I think that older ought to be drivon out of
the country. Those poor, deluded people havo
no Idea of what Is In store for them."
"Thut's what 1'vo tuld om. I've talked and
talked, but they wouldn't barken. My olo niau
is down thar with 'em." .
"Whuti Has he left you behind?'' It ,,
"Burtltu Ho coulduT sail tho squat.' but ho
fot shot of most elso and left mo back thar.
le's got the Mormon religlun tho powerfullest
Bort. uud he'sgwtno tatnku live orslxwlvoH
out than, I've Liu u wlfo to him fur forty years
"And 'what aro you going to do about It ?" I
asked.
"Stranger, hltoh yor hoas and cum along!''
she answered, as hur fuce grow vory bard aud
her eyes Hushed. ....
I walked besldo hor down, tlio trail, but wo
didn't exchange a word. I could hoar hor
breathing exoltedly. und two or threo times
she examined tho rlfl to sue thut It was In per
fect order. Wo passed tho turn lit length and
camo full upon tbu pnrty seated on the, rocks
with their luncheons before thorn. No ono
saw us until wo were close at hand. Tho Mor
mon older sat In tho centre of tho jrrpup.
i Twenty feet away frpro him the woman baltod.
irotialittho rlfleiip to her sliotildor, and. In n
ow hut very monaclngyijlee. said:
"I wantyoiistogol Down thoirnlll Ifyous
don go I'll kill yo shore's. rm a livlo' woman."
Tho older roso up. imle-faped and trembling,
and alter a look to satisfy himself that not ono
oftbiicrowtl was movlngto Interfere, he started
off. As ho went tho woman called after him:
"Keep walkin'l Kh-irn's thiir's a Oml in
heaven, I'll kill yo' If yo' ever show yo s fnco
book yore again!' '. ... ...
With nor rlflot" hor chcok she covered him
nntll h': passed tho bond thltty rods below.
Then Hie turned to the people, every one of
whom seomtMl dumfounded. and said: ,
"Hcajler back hnraol Vou'h ain't gwlne with
him I Pick tin yo'r traps and b u-glttln'or
eomobody'lldln!" ........
Her husband was one of thp first to go, and
the others hurried after him. When they
reached tlio spot where my hoo wns tied they
baited, nnd ns wo enme up tho woman said t
"The elder's dun gone fur good, and taint
no use to foller on. rie.tttertn yn'n homes and
bo clad tint thp Lnwd hits dun saved yo'
In the nick of time. Jepthti.niurelil Jlnrch
stinlght ahead I 1're gwlne to b rlclit behind
jo'nll tho wayl" .... ,.
And so she eoved tholny. The elder never
camo back, nnd ovory convert returned h -mo
to pick up the old routine of lllo and scan to
toturn thanks that it was so.
Net to be TatUen Literally,
from t A iriiAAInylua Irentuff filar.
"Is It your opinion," w,ld tho theological
professor. ''Hint thu portion, of the pnroblu
which represe.ntH (bo prodigal rnniiaiecUlnif
among swine la 1 to bo taken literally?"
' Perhaps not,'1 (ho thoughtful voung man
replied: ''roaybo It. is a reforenoeto tbu meals
iio a$) t rulwar lwto Qpuntcr. '
., U'y.-j.-.j5g . r Z& 4p& ,
rERFECT UEALTJT, 4 'ffl
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A Sure and Positive Cure
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Nervous Debility, Weak and Shattered ' fj
Nerves, Tired Feeling, Sleeplessness,
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Despondency, &c. 11
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DR. GREEXiE'S KEltYURA is Jt you arc weak, tired and ncr- ,vJ
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It is, beyond all question, the great- your nerves, Inrisora te your blood i
est health restorer in existence. and put vim anil lllo Into you. J
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well, for tt la a sore and poilttre care. For ealeby tbo cure of nerrona and cbronlc discaaea. can be Jw
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VF SUE HENCE JUTER.
IaterestlBie Wlnhta and AdTentares Alontr et
Great African eJtream.
During the winter ot 1880 Mijor Ooude M.
Mocdonald made ovory interesting journoy by
steamboat far up tho Dcnud branch of tho
Niger Blvnr. and then up Its Klbbl trlbutory In
a steam lanch, approaching very nonr to tho
basin of tho Bharl River, which empties Into
Lako Tchad. Tho Donuu Is tho only river In
Africa which affords uninterrupted navigation
from tho sea to tho central regions of tho con
tinent Major Mncdonald saw a good many
novel and Interesting things, made a great
sensation along tho river, nnd ho rocently told
tho Royal Geographical Society the story of
bis adventuros. The llttlo stern-wheel steam
er Boussa. drawing flvo feet of water, carriod
tho party. Bho waB aground only onco for COO
miles, which speaks well for the pilot and also
for tho possibilities ot navigation on this great
river. Her two large funnels, standing Bido
by side, inspired groat respect on the upper
Bonu& The natives wero undor tho impres
sion that these imposing chlmnoys could bo
lowered from their vertical position nt tho
sweet will of the whlto man and flrod off with
destructive effect
At Mozum tho raon wore armed chiefly with
bows and arrows. Macdonald. wishing to test
their skill, placed his handkerchief on a small
treo about 180 feet off. and said ho would glvo
a pleao of cloth to tho archer who could hit
the mark. A young nun who seemed to be
In popular favor ns tho William Toll ot tho vil
lage, stopped to tlio front and sent a poisoned
arrow whizzing into tho contre of the mark,
and ho became tho possessor ot a balo of cloth
as a reward for his prowess. Tho country
around hero was atone tlm& the groat cotton
market of tills part of tlio Niger Basin. It Is
now an almost unlnhabltod waste, the Mo
hammedans having deaolotod it during their
slavo raids. Thoy huvo trlod to oross tho river
at this point and carry their raids into the
Rosso country, but the people, supported by
tho Nlgor Company, and with tho wldo rlvor
boforo thorn, havo effectually held the Moham
ruodans In check.
AtLoko. Mocdonald met ono of tho much
talked of Fulbe Emirs, or provincial Gover
nors of tho wuatert Soudan. He appoarcd on
tlio bank surrounded by a mounted retinuo.
and he himself was mountod on it small coun
try brod horse. He was dressed In a volumi
nous " tobo." handsomely embroidered with
green silk, vory baggy trousors. and cm
broldered scarlet shoes. Much to tho amuse
ment of tho pooplo on thu boat ho prepared to
rldo his horse along tho plunk strutchlng bo
tweon tho ehoro aud tho vossot Ho and his
steod would have fallon Into tho rlvor If tho
white mun had not sent him word that ho
would be plcasod to seo him without his horse.
Aftor ho camo on board ho rcquosted a pri
vate Interview with tlio Queen's envoy. Ho
said he and III people woru not tillem of thu
soil: they did not dig the ground, neither did
thoy barter Ivory or palm oil, liko the mer
chants from Knno nuu tbu north, nnd llko tho
white niort. No, thoy were, lighting, pooplo.
Thoy fought tho pagans and mudu slaves ot
them. Ho had tosundntilbutoof "00 slaves
to his mostur. thu riultanof Hokoto. and ho had
groat dllllaulty In getting thorn. Now.ns Mac
Uonuld was all powerful' oould ho not. by au
thority of his Queen mako tho whlto traders
sell him rlllos uud cartridges so that he might
ruldtho trlbcB on tho other sldo of tho river,
and thus got what ho wanted 7 Of course thexo
would bo ueud only ugalust tho pui;an. uud
not ncuiiibttlie whlto men.
He was vory much dejected when Mncdonald
told him thut tho Queon und poophtof hnglntid
bated slavery and slave raidiug. and therefore
on luiaueotint would amis or ammunition bo
sold or given to him. Mucdonald told thorn it
would be initoli bettor tl thuy oceupled them
selves In tilling the soil. I ut bis words prob
ably fell on very stony ground.
In tlio Mltshl country, a llttlo further up the
Renud, Muedonuld found a xavage and treueh
orous people, who occupy both banks of tlio
river and havo kept the Mohnmniodniis In
check. They aro split up Into numl.orloas llttlo
eians, which mokes It difficult to deal with
them, as a treaty made with one olan Is elmply
laughed at by tho others. For it long time
thoy hail a wliolesomo dread of tho whllo man.
thinking he had descended fiom I hit
hkles. und was Invuliiuioilo. In lti'O. i
however, they discovered . their error, i
Ttveyhod n ellght itlsputii with tho agent of
ono of tho trading companies, und In the heat
of tho argument one of tho young men slipped
a poisoned arrow from his bow to test the Mip
poand Invulnerability of the whito man. Tho
urrowjust grated the neck of n whltu clerk
mimed iloyland. scarcely breaking the rkln.
Tho whites retreated toward the river, but be
foro they reached it the tintorttitmto clerk Imd
Hueetimfieil to thn poll-on In tho wound. The
Mltsjils (Inillns thut tho wMtuB wero no moro
invulnerable tlmn themselves, burned thn va
rious factories nnd massacred as many whlto
monssthoy couhl find, lhey still precorvo
the fU till ol Agent Grlfllths. whlnh they use an
a. letlch. They wero severely punished for
their treachery In 1B8H by tho Niger (Joinpsny,
and several of their vlllaueH wrro deMroyiyl.
Ibl is one of the Inreest stations o( the .Niger
Cotnrnny on tho Henud. 1 he iienple belong ti
tlie DjilKit tribe, and aro Intelligent, pcucctul,
nnd good tempered. Tuny ur pagans.
t lioiiitli they are surrounded on all Mde by
Mohuiiimediinh, Ily speelal le'iuest, a number
of tlio warriors anil bellus putuded In their
bust elnlhex. the warriors urined with lutnillcs
of poisoned nieaiHintd the women attired In
brlght-coloied cloths. Copt, l'uriytiiuti tried
to tuko some photngraplis, but they wero
all spoiled. . The ladles, on , being told
that tho white mop. wero .taking uva
, 'ytti,;?fmA ".
i si
ri
pictures of them, wore greatly Inter- ,.
listed, nnd grnupod thomsolves with i
great readlnoss. The removal of tho cap from 5i
tlio Ions, howevor, was Invariably followed by 51
tho rapid disappearance of the ladles, who ap 'v!
pitrently thought that the removal of tlio can ""t,
would t.o followd by an explosion or tho let ; i
ting looso of tho fetich wnlch tho box un- m
doubtcdly contained. Mncdonald got Into tho 4
habit of coming Into action with tbo camera J
endy loaded, tho cap In tils pocket anrt wltb, '
ho instantanuous machinory prepared. Ha " f
would then gaze Into the sky nnd casually 'A
down into the oameru. and when he caw a nice) .Jj
picture roflectod ho would prens tho button. -J!
und oil was ovor. J
Near tho Rakundl River the party received a f
visit from the Emir or Muri's executioner. Ha
explained tho process employed by him. which JJ
conslttod In first clubbing tho victim on the) 'J
head and then cutting tho head oil with a 5
sword. He took great pride In his professioVi. 'j
and was o most clieorful executioner. In this i
territory tho expedition paw many Fulbe) 1
women who dressed their hair ovor a pad, In i
shnpo resembling n policeman's helmet. ,.'
though not quite so long. Tho hair was about ,
a foot lone. Conslderai'lo trade is donn here) !
In tin. which Is colloi-tud by tho natives In
the streams that como down from the) '
hills. They molt It down and brine
It for barter In tho sliapo of wlro
of aboutthohalf tho thickness of one's llttlo
linger. Tho country hero Is very thickly popu- (
luted, and complotoly unexplored on both eldes) :
of the river. Tho people llod on masso from ,
several of the villages und hid In tlio surround- fj
Ing fields of millet. Wlien thoy saw. howovor. J
thatthelntentlonsof tho visitors wore friondly.
plencant relations wero soon established. :
At Djen tho pooplo wero very friendly, tnougn J
their costume was somewhat startling, tho J
ladles of the trlho being the principal offend
crs. tho mniorlty of thorn, being absolutely ;
without clothing. Dorth. In his "Travels'
says: "I havo obsorved thut many of these :
simple tribes deem some sort of covorlng, i
howevor scanty it might be. moro essential , '
for the men than tho womon." i
Finally, tbe llttlo steamer reached Yola. tho a
ohlof town of the upper IlentitJ Tho town Is a
large, consisting of brown thatched huts, each J
enclosure bolng planted with trees. I-romthn a
river thn town looks llko a collection of ceveral k
thousand liuystacks In different shadoA ot
brown, somo forgo, somo small, embowerod in jj
trees, which havo a very pretty offect Tho 1
fieoplo aro tlohammedane. nnd vory polite: 1
iiitthoKmlrot Yola was suffering from n fit of 1
very bod torn por. Ho had deelnrod hlsinten- 1
tion of never receiving!! white man again, and fl
in answer to thu friendly mossages from tho 1
Queen of England he still ro fused to sen her I
envoy unless tin could prodnco a letter front I
thoKultnn of 8okoto, his miiHtcr. Mncdonald I
tried in vain to seo him on the vnyngodown I
tlio river, and had to depart without intorvlow- I
ing the most important ruler in all that region. I
IOVXD ZN A WIIAZjUS M.VBHKB. I
A. TJarpoon Head That Host nave Heart J
Tltere fur Abi n. Ilulfa Ceaiury, 1
From At .taa tasrfrm HsxuniHtr. M
Tho whaling bark Helen Mar, which returned 1
to port from the Aretlo a week ago, was far 1
from being high hook. Kho had ono honor. 1
however, that ol taking thu largest whale cap- 1
tured during tlio seat-on. It wub n monster I
bnwhend thut yielded 2.450 pounds of bona M
I ond several hundred barrels of oil. As a rule. M
I bowlieails only yield from 1,400 to l.H(K 1
pounds of bono. From tho time tho mighty -'
1 unlmol was slghteduntll lthad been killed ana m
' towed to tlio ship's Bide wus Just twonty-llvo
minutes, ubout tno iiuiekost work on record.
Iiuring tho operation, of etriputng off thn
blubber tho spade manipulated ly the man
doing tho cutting struck a hard, unyielding
BUbstunuo which, on being exposed, proved to
i bo tho iron bhutt of an old style harpoon. Tho
11ml wus soon drawn from Its fleshy sheath
and tuisseil on board, whoru it was examinod, m
with much curiosity by tlio crew, it was about
i three and a bulf feet long, with a slender shaft
between Its broad-horhed point and tho polo
Kisrtet. lloupln tho hhnft, at Its junction with
ffie burl), wsh htatnpud tho namo J. it. Morse.
1 The J. U. Morse was the name of an old-tima
i wbuler thut cruised in the Arctic half acentury
ago. Many of thu old whulors on thu beaoh
ruinumoer thut a Nantucket whaling bark
called the J. li. Morso wax one ol the Aretlo fl
whaling Ileet beforo nnd diirlng tho early UN
ties but few Imvii nny recollection of whutbex
eaiae oilier. Her Inst trip ended Iti this port. flj
und she east anchor In the buy ut n spot thut la
now filled in nnd covered with business
liousus. It wus during the height of the gold
excltumont, and sho was atundoncd on thu flj
beach, Alter serving for a tlmo as a store- flj
house, sho was pullod to places for tho old iron
sho contained. ... ... M
Thn old harpoon, which must hnw heen
bulled In the wlialo for nt lenst foity-threo
years, does not look much Iho worse for ita
strungn experience. A fow streaks of whut flj
look llku rust were tho only dlsllguremunU, m
The undent Iron wus rubbed rlenti ny some of
tho Mar's crew, und Is ns fit for use now as
tho day It wus btruck into the bowhead so
many yours uso. It will be sent on to Nun-
tucket to bo placed In some ot thn collections -
of curios niado by whalers from all parts of tba flj
watery world. -
Brulu Hoarded a Hand Car. .S
rmm ll.t rUlihtrlpHn lltrmtl S
Colcmuus, Ind., Nov. 'Jd A section man mi
coming Into town this nfternoon imii hund ear
on tho l'eiiiiswvauio roud. when he wus tU flj
tueited byu lurge bear. A terrible storm waH
In pnuro-siit the time. The man und bear
hud u terrlllc struggle, but the man finally
struck the bear over tho bund wltu un Iron flj
nrowbur. mnl as the uiiliiinl rolled from ths H
car the iniii) got It In motion and eseapod. Ha fl
v.ns Uutly scratched uud bruUod, but not fl
uurlously Injuiod. flj
Illew Opra an VuloeUrd Safe, M
r"islA.V. lMitiH:l-Prmncrat. M
Gti.y.snttr.o, III., Nov. Ii4. rmcksmnn played M
n singular joko on themfclw-H last night In M
blowing open thu safe In U (1. lllulr's storu.
lllo. Mr. lljnlr bus been the victim of so many
l-ohberiee thut be lies been leaving the eafo
open and sending thn money to oalesburg.
The burglars drilled Into and blew open tut B
empty unlocked ettfe.
' I
lllllllllllli'T "TUTil llllll f -J. "--E eaaTM