sssLHaW' JL-" ..... - l .. , .f. .' fl.T -JJT' "- r 1 - -'--,fc,-l'J---1A'"1M"J " ' - J- - " A j,, JJJ , , . 1 L-JL1 , . , ..... l.. . .. .JssssbbW
UmL- ' F1UDAT. JUIYS 1, 1608.
BJt' BHeorltUsss bjr Mall, Poet. Tale.
H 4tlT,prMotB. SO BO
HHig. DAILY, per Tear., , O oo
jjBFT tUNDATi pr Ttr.. a OO
MJFjJPAXtT AND flONDAY, per Tear OO
Hf 6D,T KD "tWOAT, per Month. o
H ?estsge to foreign countries added.
mt' ij T8u, .VwTirkCltjr.
Baw "-Klosine Wo. IB, near Grand Hotel, and
H p'1 JjfJoiqu Ko. 10, Boulevard del Capuolnea,
UtM'i tfewfrUnt' "ho favor wi trfl sisamsMerijileVr
KS pssMfeaifonieis fo fiutM rejected artUHe returned,
BjHp Wry musf n all oaj Mint tamjn or I Hat purpose.
ITho Elements Aro on Our Side.
It Is worthy of notohow nature has thus
tar favored ourcarapalfin In Cuba, although
tho conditions of tlio climate were what its
tnost feared. "Wo could deal satisfactorily
With tho Spaniards, but wc dreaded the
ravages that fever, heat and rain might
'snake among our men and tho check they
Blight placo on military operations.
j Yet thus far Aro havo had practically no
Belay from thcso sources. Alllco on ship
fend shoro our men have been surprisingly
fcaltby, and, oa a whole, they were
iUo In good health during the stay at
JTampa and on tho transports. The enomy
Invited us to battle on the hilly coast
6 southeastern Cuba, whero there was
no deadllncss in tho air, and -where thus
tax campaigning has been far safer than
tt wen In many a swampy region of our
Otvn land during tho civil war. As to
beat, Us victims have been few, al
though July's fervor Is here, and men aro
dying ot it evon In Northern cities. In
deed, our despatches ot yesterday from
Playadol Este, recording a few cases of
total sunstroke on a forced march, only
emphasised our extraordinary exemption
thus far from dreaded evils.
That rainy season, too, which, according
to gloomy prophets, wan to baffle all our
efforts to ovorcome tho Spaniards, has
given us no trouble at all. Our troops have
inarched as they liked, and the engineers
havo boen ablo to build bridges over
ravines and streams and to construct a
tpllltary road for miles toward Santiago.
UTR. JThe ships havo had their full share of
'Bw- tuck, 2Tor weeks together thoy have been
&' tiding In open anchorages, without tho
KgBl faintest suggestion ot a hurricane or even
&p Bwtnd strong enough to make them put
jflRrj Out to sea temporarily. Tho haven at
B " puantanamo Bay has not been used thus
gjP,' far by the fleet as a wholo, and we havo
wM," landed with ease about 20,000 men.
Mjst , Of course wo cannot expect fortune of
$&, tlhls sort to continuo always. Conditions
& fcf health, of wind, ot woather cannot nl
ajSj Ways be as if provided to order. Storms,
jjjj-L fiercer heat' and the ravages of diseaso
fflt mast bo looked for. In August, If not
flHjr earlier, hurricanes will be almost sure to
SR, rago on the southern side ot Cuba. But
12m Cone tho less is It a cause of joy I ha t thus far
mW'l nature' has smiled upon ua.
afik'v
Sj$ The Now French Ministry.
afcl"-. I
HHbThe formation of a Cabinet by SI. Bms-
IIIOKIl'i an Interesting incident, because it
mWpA indices a dUtinct triumph for tho Itadi-
HKjJ sul-Soclallsts, although. In order to secure
f sufficient votes to control tho Chamber of
if Deputies, it has been needful to admit cer-
Ksl' tain representatives of the more progressive
Hf Moderates. Among tho well-known Bad I-
H? cnls, however, ex-Fromler Bourgeois Is to
LWI have the portfolio of Publlo Instruction;
Uk M. Cavaionao will superintend tho War
H7't Office, and M. Lockbox will take charge
WJi" t the Marino. M. Bbisson, it will
JfL-s ? remembered, was Premier In 188B,
B& and, since then, has been a candidate of
K, the'Radicals for tho Presidency of thoBe-
j& public, and has presided over the Chamber
mL. of Deputies. On the assembling ot tho new
K Chamber ho was again put forward for the
W&f post of presiding officer, but was beaten by
$$& JJ. Desciianel, although only by a very
HK narrow majority, which on the formal vote
MB'-. . ' was somewhat increased. As M.Bbisson,
WpJ however, received at thai tlmo somo Moder-
193; 'ate support, and Is highly respected even by
ffc bis political opponents, ho was marked out
JR as the possible author of a coalition be.
XXf tween the Badlcal-Sociallsts and that wing
J6H of the Moderates which gravitates moat
Jfe' strongly toward the Loft.
Br? ' 'As Is always tho case with a coalition, a
ifSE compromise has been effected between the
It?' conflicting views of the parties thereto.
&H Ono concession made by the Radicals to tho
pS,i protectionists is tho promise to restore the
ks corn duties from July 1. Another couccs-
H" Blon is tho agreement to regard the Drey-
W,- trvs case as res adjudicata, although
1 eoveral members of tho new Cabinet are
ftjfc Jtnown to favor a revision of the trial, and
SIF although M. Cavajqnao, the new Minister
KfPf ' War, onco addressed an Interpellation to
&' the M61Ino Government on the subject.
mW Wo do not yet know whether. In return
Ki! for such favors, the Moderato supporters
lilt' c' BnlBS0N bavo consented to ad-
flp: ocate a progressive Income tax, which
jiT was the capital feature ot the Badlcal pro-
1'; gramme put forward by Premier Bonn-
BK, ' OEOIS two years ago. It will be reraem-
mWs Jercd tbttt' 0U March 20 1800, tue Chara-
Ifls P-k0' Deputies adopted an order of tho
BP' Say iporovlng the general principle In
if yolved In t'lat measure, but, before a bill
llrf " foua' ue P1"45041! Premier Bourqiiois re-
Bfc; Signed, owing to the Senate's refusal ot the
ft-i '" eredits demanded for Madagascar. In tho
K$? statement of policy read by his successor,
' litfuHE, on April 30, 1800, the income tax
Wlp? Was definitely abandoned, but, at the recent
Hpi general eleotlon, It figured as the principal
Hf Issue between the Radicals and the Mod-
1 frates. We assume, therefore, that It will
i- presently reappear In some form, and It
fip- will be Interesting to see whether the
Mf : Senate, in which the Moderates greatly
Wjr ' preponderate, will, in consequence of Its
BE' belief that the Income tax ts a dangerous
Bjjf' innovation, attempt once more to overthrow
B it,' a Ministry by passing a vote ot want of
if fconfldence. Another question of Importance
H' whether M. Loosroy will now be per-
Hfl'i Bitted by the Chamber to carry out the
Bip, sweeping naval reforms which be began
Kfk'" yrhm Minister of Marine In the Bourgeois
K Cabinet
" The only possible alternative to a Badlcal
BEgf, Cabinet containing a few Moderate mem-
IH&. ben would be a Ministry made up exclu
Ifijl. lilvely of Moderates, which, In order to
KEv, obtain a stable majority, would have to
Ifl' )nake considerable concessions, not only to
Wfflf' be so-called "Ballled" Bepublicans, but
gg also to the avowed Monarchists. Such a
HE?', combination would not last long, because
fit the more progressive and truly democratla
mWfr "wing of the Moderate party would soou
BEf. become restless and secede. As, therefore,
jr a homogeneous Moderato Ministry seems
mWt tmpraotlcable, we Incline to think that the
MS, JJaiuon Cabinet baa a bsttar ebaaea ot Ufa
I n Ipict' "
than It is credited with by. some ebaarat.
It should ba able, at all rrenta, to avotA
immediate wreck by deferring until tho
autumn the agitation ot an Income tax, to
which President FAuna; as well a a largo
majority ot the 6nte, U known to be op
poied, That the President looks upon tho
BrUion experlmsnt with no very friendly
eye may be Inferred from the foot that he
had previously invited no fewer than four
Moderates to form a Cabinet. It Is also
believed that the St, Petersburg Govern
ment regrets the departure of M. Uamo
xaux from the French Foreign Office.
This Drlsson Cabinet Is the thirty-fifth
that has taken office since MaoMaiion was
choion President ot the Republto In May,
1878 ; we do not count as tho formation of
a new Cabinet the reappointment ot tho
Dupuy Ministry on tho election of Casntin
PiimsR. It appears, then, that the average
duration of a Froneh Cabinet baa been
about eight months and a half. The re
markable brevity ot tenure is due to tho
olrcumstanoothat, In France, a Cabinet, In
stead ot representing a united party, haa
usually to rely upon a number of groups,
and the portfolios have to bo distributed so
as to conciliate enough of tho groups to
form a majority of tho Chamber. Under
such conditions, Ministers tend to become
rivals rather than comrades, and each
ot them Is a little Inclined to think less ot
the common interests of the Cabinet than
of his own future prospects, when the com
bination shall break up. The only tlmo In
the history ot the present French republlo
when a Cabinet has been supported by a
group containing, by Itself, anything like
a majority of tho Deputies was the flrat
half of the term ot the last Chamber, which
was elected In 1803. On the assembling of
that body the Moderates, or so-called " Be
publicans of Government, controlled 811
seats out of C81, and a homogeneous Cabl
not of Moderates was appointed, with
CASiMm-Pitiuun at Its head. Neverthe
less, In May, 1804, this Ministry was
upset by an unexpected crisis, after which
tho Moderato majority slowly went to
pieces, and, by the autumn of 1805, ceased
to be n real majority at all, so that a Badl
cal Cabinet under M. Bounaroia camo In
and announced a truly Badloal policy. Tho
majority commanded by M. Mline, who
succeeded M. Bourqeois, waa never homo
geneous, since he always had the support
of tho avowed Monarchists, as well as of
the ox-Btaottonlats, who, ab the Pope's re
quest, have, nominally, " rallied" to tho
Republic
What wo seo at present ts a certain ten
dency to the elimination of groups and the
division of Bepublicans Into two great
parties, the one Moderate and tho other
Badlcal. Whether this tendency will
gather momentum or will bo presently
checked is doubtful, owing to tho fact that
the French method of electing Deputies
favors the perpetuation of groups. It will
be remembered that. In France, an abso
lute majority of all the votes cost is re
quired for election. If there are more than
two candidates In the field and no one of
them gets such a majority, a second vote,
called tho ballotage, Is taken two weeks
later, and, at this, a plurality is
enough to elect. It Is clear that such a
proceduro encourages each political group
to nominate a separata candldato for the
first ballot. If, for Instance, there are Be
actlonary and Moderate candidates in the
field, and tho Radicals prefer the Repub
lican to the Reactionary, still tho Radicals
have nothing to lose by running a candi
date ot their own on the first ballot, for, if
the Reactionary can poll mora votes than
both his rivals combined, he will be elected
in any event ; if ho cannot, he will not bo
elected whether the Radicals put up a can
didate of their own or not. In tho latter
case the first ballot will havo counted
for nothing, and the Radicals will bo
able to voto for tho Moderate Repub
lican at tho ballotage, and elect him then.
They are likely, Indeed, to gain a positive
advantage by nominating a separate can
didate, for, if they succeed In polling a
largo voto on the first ballot, they will bo
In an excellent position to wring conces
sions from the Moderates as the prlco of
their support.
This cumbrous system ot voting dates
back to the election of the States
General In 1780, and, with two short
breaks, has been maintained in France ever
since. There Is no doubt that the system
tends to prevent the formation of great
consolidated parties, and that Is the evil
from which Parliamentary government
suffers In France to-day.
Tho Attack on Spain's Coasts.
American strategy thus far during the
war has largely consisted In turning to
account Spain's blunders. Wo have formed
plans of our own.buthavo been constrained
to lay them aside becauso Spain has con
tinually offered us opportunities for some
thing better. Wo Bhould never have besun
our land campaign In the Antilles at Santi
ago had not CsnvERA dodged into that port
instead ot elsewhere, thereby Irresistibly
tempting us to cork him up and capturo
him. And now, In llko fashion, Camara's
departure to Suez, by uncovering all Spain
to us, has invited us to attack her coasts.
It should be said, however, that at the
outset of the war our naval officers had In
mind Just such an attack, it being consid
ered as among tho possible duties ot
SoniEY's squadron. But tho project was
then wisely postponed, because by waiting
for Spain to send her ships to the Gulf wo
had her at an enormous disadvantage, as
Cervera'b plight now Bhows. Tho plan of
attacking tho Spanish peninsula Is now re
vived, and the crulso of Commodore Wat
bon Is likely to be one ot the most absorbing
and exciting features of the war.
It has sometimes been Intimated that
this new expedition was in the nature ot a
bluff, and that the Navy Department's os
tentatious avowal ot Us purpose, as soon as
Camara was known to bo headed toward
the Philippines, was palpably for tho pur
pose of causing his recall. That our pub
llo announcement was intended to bother
Spain, to counteract any good moral effect
produced in Madrid sentiment by Camara's
movement, and to make it a source- of pop
ular anxiety instead ot hope may bo true.
It helps us when we make Spain uneasy at
the prospect of having tho war brought to
her doors.
It has been said, also, that Commodoro
Watson will begin by capturing a base of
supplies at some Spanish port, perhaps Ceu
ta on the African side ot the Straits of Gib
raltar, or at a point In tho Balearic Islands.
From either It would be possible to ravage
the Spanish ooosts, not only at ports like
Barcelona, Voloncla, Cartagena, Malaga,
and Cadiz, but at minor points. The Ca
naries, too, would be at our mercy, the
chief ports inviting attack there being
Las Palmas on Gran Canada, and Santa
Cruz on Tencrllfe, both of them fine har
bors. In the Balearic group, oft Spain's
northeast coast, in the Mediterranean,
wo should alio, prgbabjjr. at ffalma la
, L
MaJoxWo Mahon In Minorca, the latter
for many yean a favorite resort tor oar?
European squadron. Not the least Im
portant objcoU ot attack would ba such
dockyards aa those of Ferrol, Oaraca, and
Cartagena, In which valuable Spanish war
ships, llko the Oardenal Clsneros, Prlnoesa
de Asturlas, and Catalufla, are fitting out.
Besldea destroying these, there would bo
prices In the coasting trade to capture.
In Spain's present and prospective condi
tion, tho more this cruise ts studied, tho
more interesting and promising it becomes.
That lb would be sensational Is clear; but
it wonld also be fruitful. The navy will
try to make It tell heavily on the final re
sults ot tho war.
Tha Domoorats of Threo States.
The Democrats ot Pennsylvania, Georgia,
and Tennessee held their State conventions
on Wednesday, and all of them were con
trolled by tho Bryanito element ot the
party.
In Pennsylvania a platform plank reaf
firming the principles of tho Chicago plat
form and extolling BnrAN as tho "tribune
of the peoplo," offered by tho minority
member of the commltteo, was rejected by
a voto of 238 to 184; but Georgb A.
Junks, specifically the Bryantte candidate
for Governor, was nominated by 300
to 110 for GbnuoN, n Gold Domoorat.
Moreover, absurdly enough, all ot tho Gor
don phalanx supported tho rejected Bryan
ito frco stiver plank, while the Jenks ma
jority voted against it. This was because
the game ot the Jenks delegates was to
fight the campaign on "State issues" solely.
That la, tho majority simply played tho
trick of hiding away their Bryanlte princi
ples with a view to temporary expediency.
The Georgia Democrats nominated Allen
D. Candlkr for Governor on a frco silver
platform laudatory of Bryan. Tho Ten
nessee Democrats nominated by acclama
tion Congressman Benton MoMillin. and
put him on a platform which was unre
servedly Bryanlte, against Issuing bonds
and in favor of an Income tax.
It Is altogether unnecessary to make any
comments on these demonstrations by tho
Democrats of threo great States, or to
draw from them their obvious moral lesson.
Tho Trouble Is Casey.
Every day ot the National League's effort
to abolish the long-established habits ot
disorder shows how deop seated they had
become and how difficult of removal. In
spite ot a show of groat determination
to eradicate rowdyism and to replaoe tho
Chuchundra-llke Individual known nom
inally aa the umpire with an official clothed
with power to decide questions ot play and
to compel respect for his decisions, re
bellion still crops out among tho players,
and through them the old disgrace clings
to the national game. Any day that
tho nine under tho jurisdiction of Mr.
Freedman of Now York plays, tho cap
tain, Joyce, backed by his subordinates.
Is liable to break out in disorder varying
from words to actual violence. A few
days ago Tebeau, tho captain ot tho Clove
lands, mado such a vigorous attempt to
umpire by himself that he was put out of
tho game, but so gently that he was playing
again the next day. On Tuesday, also in
Cleveland, Anson, the new Now York
manager, of whom wo had dared to expect
something better than the same old bull
dozing, had to be sent off tho ground, ho
going sullenly and delaying the game whllo
the umpire held his watch upon him.
Probably tho President of tho National
League, Mr. N. E. Youno, whose function
It Is to appoint and direct tha umpires, Is
himself incompetent for his duty, either
through laok of Judgment In seloctlng
men or lack of forco In seeing that the
League's policy of discipline Is carried out;
but there Is a lower reason for disturbance
than that. For tho almost Ineradicable
habit of ruffianism In baseball there Is n
psychological cause which must bo recog
nized and dealt with before, tho game shall
again be orderly and decent. It Is not
that professional players come of a de
graded origin, which makes them naturally
brutal or crooked In spirit and unable to
understand tho first rule of sport, but bo
cause for years around tho national dia
mond hero worship has beon cultivated to
an extent that would make the army and
navy blush and shrink from Its admirers in
shamefaced distrust.
Under tho Influence of good naturod but
exoeaslve adulation baseball favorites long
ago began to think of themselves as per
sonalities, and as the focus of the sport.
The more conceited and ready tongued
ventured to talk and to seek a reputation
as publlo humorists. A group "of regular
mountebanks grew up, with Latham as
chief buffoon, who posed andmonkeyshlncd
with their bodies and pattered with their
tongues as though a ticket of admission to
a ball game guaranteed a variety Bhow In
addition and they did tho star turn. So
with skill In play or with powers of gabble
as a basis of prominence, the player, not
tho umpire, came to dominate the field.
The poor umpire, In his helplessness and
peril, degenerated Into a national joko
equal for common use to the American
mother-in-law. All players being ambi
tious for notoriety, saw In bulldozing the
umpire tho easy road to it, and no official
ever made on effeottve stand. In the famous
eplo ot the ball flold, "Casey at the Bat,"
Is found the wholo story :
Then from tbgladdDd niultllnda wint up a Jor-
oui 711.
It rumbled lata the mountain tope. It rattled in the
dell
It trunk upon the hlllilde and rebounded on the flati
For CUST, mljhtj Guar, wae adranolns to tha bet I
There wae eaeo In Oun'i manner aa be etepped
Into aU place.
There wae pride In Cuin beartnf and a emlle on
OiiKY'sraoei
And when retpomllDfto the obeere be tightly doffed
ut bat,
Noetranger In tha crowd could deubl 'twee Oitsr
at the bat
Ten tboueand ejrea were on blra u be rubbed hie
bande wltbdlrt,
FIT tbotuand tongue, applauded when he wiped
tbemonbletblrtt
Then erbrn the writhing pitcher ground the ball
Into hie blp,
Defiance gleamed In CiliT'a eye, a sneer curled
Cur'a Up.
And now the leatner-oorered ephere oame hurtling
through the air,
And Ciiby etood a-vratcbtng II In haughty grandeur
there i
Clou by the eturdy btUman the ball unheeded eped
"Tbit ain't my style." laid Oiler. "Strike one," the
umpire laid.
From the benchei, blaok with people, went up
a muffled ruar.
Like the beating of etorm waves on the stern and dis
tant shore i
"Elllblml Kill Ibe umptrel" shouted some one on
the standi
And It's likely they'd bare killed him had not Ourr
raised bis hand.
With a emlle of Christian chultyrsat Gun's visage
hone
Be itllled tbe rising tumalt, he bads the gam go cat
B elgaalUxl ta the nuchsr, sad eaos more the
asktrsUftewi
Sat Oust tm inert It, as (Us ataptrs saldt
-SWkalwo,"
"Fraodr etledihe maddeaed tteutaada, saeltoke
answered " Trend f
nut one scornful loek from Oissr sad the andlsnet
waa awed.
They saw hie faoe grow stem ana cold, they saw bis
mueolea strata.
And they knew that Oinrr wouldn't ll tie ball go
by again,
Bero Is descrlbod a state Ot anarchy and
mob rule on the ball field that still endures.
When, the umpire having called one
strike upon tho people'a Idol, "from
the benches black with people there
went up a muffled roar," and some one
on the stand shouted, "Kill the umpire,"
it was tho uncrowned and uncommissioned
Casey who raised his hand and saved
the former's llfo. It was Oasbt, nob
the umpire, who " stilled the rising tumult
and bade tho game go on," and ' gave the
signal to the pitcher" to play ball. After
the second strike it was again CaseT
who " awed the maddened thousands " into
sllonco, tho umptro continuing to llvo and
arbitrate by tho usurper Oaskt's grace.
Becauso Oaset was reputed groat in action
tho crowd had grown to look upon him as
boss of all, and ho so saw himself. In. the
majority of players Caskt still walks.
Tho Casoy nonsonso must bo got out of
those whoso heads are still puffed with
it, and they must be mads to under
stand that they are nob lords of the field,
but the humblo members of an aggregation
which, with Its oompotltor, tho othor nine,
is subject to tho Indisputable author
ity of the umpire, or the last stage of base
ball will bo worse than tho first. If dis
order Is nob suppressed under the cold Iron
heel of discipline It will dlo on tho corpso
of professional basoball Itself.
Jones's Guerrillas.
" Wo have a sufficient number ot spoakers
engaged to Insure our getting on for three
weeks," says tho Hon. James K. Jones,
Senator In Congress from Arkansas, Chair
man of tho Democratic National Commit
tee, and guerrilla leader.
Three weeks of speeches against tho an
nexation of Hawaii, an Imperious necessity
of the war. For three wooks Jones and
the other guerrillas propose to oppose the
successful prosecution of war. While
our soldiers and sailors are tolling and
fighting to bring tho war to a successful
end, Jones's guerrillas are striving to de
lay or prevent that end.
Jones's guerrillas don't have to offer their
services to tho Spaniards or furnish them
with coal or supplies or arms and ammuni
tion. For three weeks they will If they
can glvo as effectual aid and comfort to
the enemy by obstructing the passage of a
war measure.
Traitors in substanco if not In form.
1'coullnr Pooplo.
Advocates of Philippine annexation who
oppose Hawaii aro like men who advise
tho use of big guns In battle, but not small
bores. Mero opponents of Hawaii represent
tha view that in tho great International
world struggle for progress and supremacy
no guns should be used at all. They would
rather glvo up the contest.
Antl-anncxationlsts complacently enjoy
for tho present what thoy have Inherited,
and murmur sleepily, " Let the future look
out for Itself. There will bo nothing new
in it. If there should be wo must let it
alone."
The sooner that this, the most progress
ive and hopeful nation In tho world, Is got
out ot tho grasp of the obstructive and the
hopeless, tho better for all.
Tho Democratic party of Pennsylvania
continues to be a line mechanical toy, but from
the way tbe springs rattlo we judge that It has
been wound up too tight.
Tho Kansas Socialist State Convention
nominated for Superintendent of Public In
struction Mrs. Etta SEMrLK, " a Free Thinker,
who would not accept the nomination until the
convention passed a resolution declaring; against
repeating tha Lord's Prayer In tho publlo
schools." Tbe Kansas Boolalists Insist that
"occupancy and use shall constitute the only
title to land," but don't want the United States
to acquire title In that way In Spanish toil.
They join Mr. Cleveland and Mr. Bryan la
"opposing the acquisition of more territory by
the United States." Doubtless they fear the
extension of " tho communism ot pelf."
The Inspired minds that fashioned this Gov
ernment or, for and by tbe peosle did not mean for
our future to lie In any part beyond tbe sea it.
jjouit Ripubllo.
Probably most of tho "Inspired" minds didn't
suspect that our future would He In any part
beyond the Mississippi River. Nor did the "in
spired" minds foresee railroads and telegraph!
and ocean steamers, which ars unmistakably
"Imperial" as well as plutocratic, and ought to
be denounced on that ground by the Missouri
Democrats. A really happy and non-" Im
perial" country Dover grows and contents itself
with ox carts.
The Georgia Democratic platform " de
mands that Spain be drlvon from the western
hemisphere." When Spain is driven from the
western hemisphere, what Is to be done with
Porto Rico I Mr. Bryan will not permit it to
belong to the United States. Is It to be given
away or sunk f The Georgia Demoorats should
be more dounlte, or they will make Mr. Bryan
think that thoy don't know tho difference be
tween a splendid and a happy land.
Is there any such fellow as Camara any
way! TVo beain to think that ho Is merely the
Flying Spaniard, and that the vessels wbloh he
Is said to command are only ghosts ot the great
Armada, a spcolt fleot.
Tho Hon. Geoiiqe Feed Williams has a
fight with "Government by Banks" in tbe
Arena, which esteemed contemporary Is further
enlivened by a portrait of tbe illustrious Ded
hatnite, a speaking, writing, and lecturing like
ness. Nobody can seo It and think how much
Its pictorial charms might be enhanced and set
off by a uniform without wishing that fortune
had smilod upon the military ambitions of Mr.
Willmms and given him a silver battalion.
YAOUT WAIKIKl'a TRIP,
A Vejaae fro in New York te Mentrral by VTy
or the Mleslsslppl lllver.
Montreal, June 00, The New York yacht
WalUkl, CapL H. 0. Itoome, has arrived herej
Tha Walklkl loft New York on Nov. 1 last and
has beon all this time reaching Montreal. But
the routottaken was not tho shortest, as Caut.
Itoome, baring plenty of time on his hands,
went around by way of New Orleans and up the
Mississippi through the centre of the American
continent to tho Great Lakes.
From New York he went down the Atlantlo
to Key West, where he was chased for four
hours by an American gunboat. Then the
Walklkl ran along the Gulf of Mexico to Now
Orleans and up tho Mississippi. By way ot the
Illinois and Clileago rivers sho reached Chicago.
Tlion Copt. Hooiuo went across the Great Lukes
and through the canals to Montreal. Before
returning lo New York Capt. ltootno will sail
up the Atlantic to tho Labrador coast,
"You tee." tie said. "I wanted to prove to the
members of tha Now York Yacht Club that thev
jould spend the winter cruising around America
and that it was not necessary to go to the Medi
terranean to get a mild olimate In winter. I
havo proved that and Incidentally that the east
ern half of the American oontlaant U an Island,
to I bavt soiled, sji tho yraj around. w
. L.J
asrvsaaoir o ttatu
Beat Oslstltas Itiir4last CTiasr Desalts e4
Ike Advantage r War.
To th Eorroit o TnnBow-Sfrv In behalf
et myself and many other readers of TnaStm,
I wish to thank you for ths earnestness and sig
nal ability with which the best interests ot our
great country are advooated In Tna 80N'a col
umns, Tna Son Is the only paper In Greater
NswYork that realises fully that the United
States, has, or should have, any policy but sel
fishness, or any prospective ending but "dry
rot." I look at ths subjoot from ths point ot
view of a man who has been in active busi
ness for forty years, who has lived in Ouba
and has a clear Idea of what freedom means to
the wretched inhabitants of that Island, and
what its freedom means to ths United States
something very few of our psople ars able to
comprohend yet.
The present "wind-mill" attitude of some
members of the United States Senate reoalls the
Judgment expressed by Thomas Jefferson con
cerning an earlier manifestation of tha sort.
On the 20th and B7th of Deoember. 1783, Con
gress debated the treaty with Great Britain.
Jeff erson used this language in describing tho
proceedings!
Our body wts little numerous, but very conten
tious. Day after day was watted on the mot unim
portant quesUons. A member, one of those amieted
with the morbid rage of debate, of an ardent mind,
prompt Imagination, a copious Dow ot words, who
heard with Impatience any loglo whlob was not his
own. sitting nsar me on eeme oooailon of a trifling,
but wordy, debate, asked mo how I could sit
In silence bearing so much false reasoning,
which a word would refute? I observed to
him that to refute. Indeed, wae easy, but to
sllenoe Impossible! that In measures brought forward
by myself, I took the laboring oar, as was Inoumbent
on me i but that In general I was willing to listen i
that If every sound argument or objection was used
by some one or otnerof tbe numerous debalen.lt
waa enough! It not, I thought It sumolent to suggest
ths omission, without going Into a repetition ot what
had been already aald by others i thit this was a
waste and abuse of the time and patience of the
House whloh oould not be JustlDed. And I bolioTo
that If members ot deliberate bodies were lo observe
thl course generally tbey would do In a day what
takesihem aweeki aud tt Is really more questiona
ble than may bo at first thought whother Bonaparte's
dumb Legislature, whlob said nothing and did much,
may not be preferable to one wbloh talks much and
does nothing,
I served with Den. Washington In the Legislature
of Virginia bsfora tbe Revolution, and during It
with Dr. FrankUn In Congress. X never beard either
of them speak ten minutes at a ttme, nor to auy but
the main point, which was to deolde the question.
Tbey laid their shoulders to the great points, know
Ins: that tha little ones would follow of thsmsclres.
This letter, written by Jcfforson to John
Adams July 11, 1786, affords profltnblo reading,
for the Mugwumps more especially:
turns, July 11, 1780.
Dun Bull Our Instructions relative to the Dsrbarr
States baring required us to proceed by the way of
negotiation to obtain their peace, It became our duly
to do this to the best of our power. Whatever might
be our private opinions, they wore to be suppressed
and the Una marked out for nswas to be followed.
It has been so, honestly and isalously. It was, there
fore, never material for us to consult together on the
best plan of conduct toward these States. I acknowl
edge I very early thought It would be best to effect a
pence, through the medium of war. Though It Is a
question with which we have nothing to do, yet as
yon propose some discussion ot It, I shall trouble you
with my reasons. Of tho four positions laid down In
your letter of the 8d Instant, I agree to the three
first, which are, in substance, that the good
ofllcee of our friends cannot prooure us a
peace, without paying its price i that they cannot
materially lessen that price) and that paying II, we
can have the peace In spite of the Intrigues of our
enemies. As to the fourth, that tbe longer the nego
tiation is delayed, the larger will tie the demand,
this will depend on the Intermediate captures If
thuy are many and rich, the price may be raised; If
few and poor. It will be lessened. However, If It Is
decided that we shall buy a peace, I know of no
reason for delaying the operation, but ahould rather
think It ought to bo hastened, but I should prefer the
obtaining It by war.
1. Justice Is In favor of this opinion. 3. Tlonor fa
vors It. 8. It will procuro us respect In Europe; and
respect Is a safeguard to Interest. 4. It will arm the
Federal head with the safest of all Instruments of
ooerclon ovsr IU delinquent members, and prevent It
from using what would bo less sate. I think that so
far you go with me. But In the next steps wo snail
differ. B. I think it the least expensive. 0. Equally
effectual, I ask a fleet ot ISO guns, the one half ot
which shall be In constant cruise. This fleet,
built, msnned, and victualled for six months, will
cost 400,000. Its annual expense will be .100
per gun. Including everything; this will be
ti 8,000 a year. I take llrltlsn experience for
tha basis of my calculation; though wo know,
from our own experience, that we can do In this
way for pounds lawful what costs thorn pounds ster
ling. Were we to charge all this to the Algerlne
war, It would amount to little more than we must
pay if we buy peace. But it Is proper and neoessary
that we should establUh a small marine force (even
were we to buy a peace from the Algerlnes), and as
that force, laid up lu our dockyard, would cost us
half aa much annually as if kept In order for service,
wo bave a right to say that only 22,000 per an
num should be charged to the Algerlne war. 7. It will
be as effectual. It will be admitted however, that war,
on tbe fairest prospects, is still exposed to uncer
tainties. I weigh against this the greateruncrrtalnty
of the duration ot a peace bongbt with money from
such a people, from a Dey 80 years old, and by a
nation who, on the hypothesis of buying peace. Is to
bave no power on the sea to enforce an observance
of It.
These words, uttered by tho most profound
thinker of the age, bave tenfold the significance
to an American citizen to-day that tbey did
when spoken. All honor to tha Government
who recognizes tbe principle and will enforce
It. TnE Son Is doing Its full share.
CoorunsTowN, June 27. J. Warren Lamb.
Commas.
To ths Enrron or Tns Sun sin In reply to my
card in your Issue ot June 17, Mr. Sterns ssys I am
making a plea for "superfluous" oommas. As super
fluity Is the bone of contention, I beg leave to Inform
Mr. B. that I am pleading for tbe logical and gram
matloaluseof a comma In a certain rase as follows;
1, llenry George and Thomas wrote a book; that is,
Hr, nenry George and Thomas wrote a book,
8, Henry, Oeorge and Thomas wrote a book. Henry
Is here) Informed that Oeorge and Thomas wrote a
book.
8. Henry, Oeorge, and Thomas wrote a book all
tbree did so.
Mr. Sterns begs the whole question by saying that
case S should be pointed llko case S, because th
context will show the true meaning. Not always. In
some oases a whole suit at law would be decided ac
cording to the uss or non-use of the comma. Thut f erra
or punctuation should be adopted which gives the
exact meaning without any possible ambiguity. But
Mr. Sterns seems to tbluk that I alone argue thus,
Aa the usage ot our best authors ou punctuation
should decide this subject, I cite the following usage
aa on my side or, rather, I am on thelrsi
John Wilson, tbe author ot "Wilson's Punctua
tion," a work ef world-wide celebrity, shows tho
necessity ot the comma In this oassi Peter, James,
and John, as John Is added as muoh to Peter as to
James. Hut In ooupleU the comma Is not needed i as,
men and boys, women and girls, lads and lassies, In
the case cited, Mr. Sterns makes a couplet of Peter
and John, Resides, what a help In reading to find a
comma here one must be read!
Mr, V, Horace Teall of your city, punctuator of tho
new Utandard Dictionary, and who, In my opinion,
Is the best and kreosst critic on punctuation now
IlvluR. says or this polut, In the Inlunil Irinltr,
"Mr. Root Is unquestionably correct."
1 have read utauy ttusllsh reviews and Joumsls,
and bave Invariably found tbe contested comma
present. I have just looked over a larso number of
books In mr library, printed by tbe most eminent
publishers in America, Including the Government
Printing Office, and my pet comma appears ss brlslit
aa Venus la every case It Is thus used In the niblo,
I can cite enough Instanoss from the best authorities
the world ever had, one tine each, to ml this whole
column, all supporting my position. In fact, the
testimony In my favor Is as oce-slJed as a Jug nan'llu,
On tbe other band, I have no oDponents stronger than
Mr. Sterns, and a Mr, Hum, who sars it would be
bolter tobevf no punctuation, thereforo my comma
la useless. And stuff like tbst Is put forth as argu
ment! Hut those who think as Mr. Sterns does are not con
sistent, for thoy atl prlut "honey, syrups, etu." in
this case "etc." means "snd other things," and no
printer omits the comma before It.
The gist of the whole matter Is just beret The word
"and "haa a twofold nature; vli.abluder end that
of adding addltlou being Its prlmsry meanlug lu
theflrstcase it takis no comma before it; as, John
and James work together. In thu second easo it needs
a comma; as, "I gave an apple to Henry, and thut
made James auxry." In tbe first cane two links are
made one new link i but in the latter case the two
links ars bitched together.
lu my former card I used the expression, "Things
we love, thrive and prosper." Tbe printers made me
aay the oonlanotlon stands before the verba, I said
"between."' . W, IMlooj,
, IflStaAsO.JUSlsV
J
a.
OPJ! jrA.T10ttJ.H JtXPATtBlOX.
It Has decerns Beeeasary Iss the Coarse ef Uu
matt Events.
TOTHBKDrrort orTnaBtw Strt The forth
coming Independence Day celobratlon, which
will be the greatest In our history, will recall
these words) "When, In tha coursoof human
events, it becomes necessary," which havo
echoed around the world, are fraught with
meaning ot ths greatest Import for tha future,
and to-day are aa potent at they wrro when first
uttered, oue hundred and twenty-two yoars ago.
In all the years slnco thon our political princi
ples have remained unchanged, though the
sphere ot their application haa been enlarged
vastly,
Mow we are faced with the necessity of mak
ing a new application of thorn hero! a now urob
lom faces us. It comes nlth tho acquisition of
distant territory, anil Involves the government
of people of a remote race. Ilenco tho thought
oppresses with alarm tho successors of tho
timid souls who tromblod for tho consequences
ot tho revolution, of tho war of 1812, tho Mexi
can war of 180. tha dreadful civil war of 1801.
and the successive oxtenslons of our territory
by purchase and conquest, by which the area,
of our national domain has been Increased al
ready froma llttio more than tho 800.000 square
miles of the thirteen orlitlnal SUtes, whoso in
dependence whs acknowledged by Grorgo III,,
to more than a.OOO 000 eqtinromllns. 'Iholxnils
lanu purchase, which we own to tho prudent and
courageous BtateHinanship of Thomas Jefferson,
was bitterly denounced in thoso days by all such
spirits. No abuso was too malignant, no cplthot
too coarse, no Imprecation too savnuo fur them
to uso against tho (treat statesman who, as James
G. lllaiue. in his "I'tvonty Years In Congress,"
says, "laid so broad and deop the foundation ot
his country's growth and grandeur." Tho coun
try thus acquired forms toduy the rich and
powerful Ktutes of Louisiana, Arkansas, Mis
souri, Iowa, Kansas, Nebraska, .Minnesota,
Colorado, Montana, Wyoming, and tho Dakotas,
besides tlio Indian Territory. Look at tha luaD
and see if It was nofnianlftsldesllny" toward
which the A ision of Jofforson looked so unerring
ly, lias the timidity which trembled at his au
dacity been Instilled by tho event I
In the fulfilment of this destiny we havo
amalgamated successfully In our womiroue clt
Izenship nil nationalities, and tho peoples of all
climes, all languages, nil natures -the African,
the Asiatic, every nationality of Euroua haa
made Its contribution with tho result that
bore has been built up a solid, indivisible, un
conquernblo nation, n populntlon law-abiding,
endowed with a genius peculiar to llsolf, but
which constitutes tho onl nation which may
bo said to represent tho whole human race
It is, therefore, not really a new destiny to
which wo have now come, but only tho con
firmation and toxical extension of tho samo
principles upon which our growth has pro
ceeded during tho one hundred and twenty-two
yoHrs of our existence, l'orto Itlcq, the Ha
waiian Islands anil the Philippine Islands aro
coiiilna; to us in as Btrlct aocordanre with our
lrn-BlslIhln destiny and national duly ns camo
the acquisitions which have already morothnn
quadrupled our original arcs. Wo are to bo
broughl into political association nnd trndo re
lations with twenty millions of additional people
to enhance our commercial frroatncKs in time of
peaco and increase our security in tlmo of war.
The chain ot islands will bo a bracelet of poatls,
America's reward for espousing tho cause ot tho
wesk. the down-trodden nnd tlio persecuted,
and their loss will bo tho punishment of Spain.
This Fourth of July wo shall celebrate our
great advance in the past and also rejoice In
the furthor progress upon which wo are about
ti) start, 'lho great civil. Industrial and com
mercial victory teforo us is presaged by tho
glorious conquests of oumnldlcrs and Bailors
under tbe Htars and Stripes of u United
America.
"It has become necessary in the course of
human events." Do you not think so I
1'AThUHOM, Juno 'M. John 1'. Kerb.
The nrootiljn Aldermen.
To Tint Editor: op Tnn Bun Sir: Whllo It la
undenlublo that the margin for possible expen
diture for Improvements, somo of them even
rudlmental. Is much grenter In tho former city
of Brooklyn than In Now York, a proposed bond
lssuo wholly for tho benefit ot two boroughs
docs not commend Itself to support as cither
equitable or advantageous to tho wholo city.
One of Brooklyn's representatives unlil on
Tuesday, when the proposition to lssuo the
bonds was defeated:
It took the Mayor and Corporation Counsel five
months to find out that the city had not exceeded Its
debt limit, snd that there was a credit of t'-IO.OOD.OOO
to Sao.OOU.IjtIO. ir we now vole for this resolution,
every cent of our credit will b wlpM out and Brook
lyn will bo left in tho lurch. In this resolution ap
pears an appropriation for 8U.000.000 for a small
park not three quarters of a mile distant from Cen
tral Park, while $100,000 for lighting our streets was
refused. We are not only In darkness, but wallowing
in kusedeep mutt Wii do not oppose Manhattan,
but we want something for llrooklyn.
This position of tho Brooklyn representatives
bears certainly the aspect ot fairness nnd thu
popular support it is likely to gain will not be
limited to residents of, or persons interested lu
the nuterlal development of, tho borough of
Brookljn. O. H.
Manhattan-, 'Juno 30.
Stephen Craue Ie ss Pebble To.
ToTlin KuitoroicTiikSun Sir; Tha verses
quoted by II. Telrp In yesterday's lssuo of Tns
So!f, and taken from an English magazine, pale
besldothe following product from tho pen of
one Stephen Crane, he of the highly "colored "
and deeply symbolical proso and verso:
You tell me this Is Clod '
1 tell you It Is a printed list,
A burning candle aud an ass.
I found this in tlio I'hUiuttnc, and Stephen
Craneis an American. What need have we of
envying French nnd English literature nf their
shining llgbtsl T. Koad.
New York, June 80.
A Card from the rVatlonal Steel ssnd Copper
Plate Printers Union.
To the Editor or The Sut Vlr; In tha issue of
your paper dated June S3, 160S, appears a despatch
from Washington beaded "Hitch About War
btamps."
While reading the article, wbloh camo to my notloo
to-day, I find a statement to the effect that Chief
Johnson of the Bureau of Kugravlug and Prlutlng is
haudloapped by his inability to find enough skilled
workmen to do tho work, aud then the autaincnt
Itoes oa to explain tbe numbi r of pressmen, girls and
proves employed on tbe work.
My object lu writing to you Is to refute the state
ment that Chief Johnson is handicapped in getting
skilled workmen to do tbe wcrk.
Id the (hies of New York, 1'hllalelphla, Chicago,
and Boston several skilled workmen, practical, com
potent, and of good repute, areldleor doing very lit
tle aud are eager to obtain steady etnnluyiutnt.
A great many of tliom have applh d for the position
of plate printer through theilvll aertlt-o, have passed
euoeessfully the examination, and their names aro
now oa tbe eligible list. a
Why does not Mr. Johnson call these men to bis
aid?
Icaunot understand why the statoment you credit
to Mr. Johnson should he made when tbeabovo facts
can bo substantiated, unless It is thut bohasbeeu
misinformed or lias not mado auy effort to secure
the afurtwold skilled workmen.
1 wlllfurlherstHto that the National Plate Printers'
TJnloncan aud will furnish thellureau of Pngravlug
aud Printing with all the skilled plate printers It
may require, either now or at any future tlmo.
I trust In the sense of fair play aud in Justice to
our craft vou will find it convenient to publish this
letter in your vuluublo paper, thut the publlo and
those most interested may know the foots as they
are. T, L. Mm. He reury, Treasurer,
IS Le Rot Stbekt, DoRC'illbTui, Mass., June !iv.
S. P. '. A.I
To tii K Ebitob or Tun Bus ilr! Permit me to
briefly reiterate tha etatameut of certain facts given
lu a reoeut communication to Tub riut and contra
dicted by the B. P. C. A. in your lssuo of June Ul.
lho "bag" referred to teas placed In a wooden
pall, and rontalind not ouly "one vicious cat," but
eevtral, all crowded In together. Mr. Ililues was,
presutuat Ir, nut nt the pound (wo believe he e-ldom
Koes there) when tbe wagon arrived, nnd It ts not to
In, expected tbst the fiullty subordinate would admit
his milpalillliy to the Prrsldi nt
We thluk that Mr Hal ought to feel thankful for
being put In pio-eftluu of facts of srbi.h ho eannot
boklwsysioKUltaut. IluxAini.
Help from Ilraoklysi far an Aran Chiirrh.
To the Fiiitob or Tim Set Sir: I beg to a-knon .
edge the receipt fcf AS from Mrs. Catherine Ilreen,
371) State street, Iirooklyn, tow ar! tlio i nmpletlou of
tho new caur h lu the huuih Aritu Island,.
M Kaiuuuiio, P. P.
St. Emu's, Aran Isles, Ualw a), Juno Id,
Four Private Holdli-rs lilne ul the Ulillei Home,
yom tho IfusMnafon limes.
Four private, soldiers from Camp Aleer took Sun
day dinner with the PretUcnt aud Mrs, McKluley ut
the White llouso, The guests v.ere Private Ilarber,
nephew of Mrs McKluleyi Private McKlulcy, nepliow
of the President, an 1 two of their camp lomradps,
a'lenllsttd In tins r.Kltb Ohio Heglment, from Can
ton, tho President s home.
The soldters eame In regulation private uniform,
with nothing to dlstlugulshtluni from other ordinary
recruits, eicept perhaps au unusual tidiness In drebS,
promptid by tho honor anl liupurtauco of taking
dluuer with the President.
The Century liss a long list of familiar con
trlbutoia In Its July number. W lus'ou Churchill hu
a story, "Uy Order of the Admlrili" Mrs Mabel
Loonils Todd tells of uptrieia-is "In Alum Land. "
Herbert D, Ward, Btephen Jlonsal, Jim. C'uaiuuui-y,
Jsremlah Curtln, Dr. Mitchell, Pouliuey Ulgelow,
James Hryoe, Edith U. Thomas and Col. John Taylor
Wood, O. B. If , are soma of the othor persona who
have a share la making aa Interesting oumbsx.
J.XXTHINQ DOES JFOJt A OVXttO, IH
Even Testerday's Itrldta Tickets rarckaswtB
as flH
Curio collectors and others who wanted to gelHffl
Brookljn Urldgo souvenirs kept the bridge fl
tlckot agents busy yosterday selling tickets. H
To-day the Brooklyn Klovatcd Itallrond Com H
pany, being in charge ot the brldgo railroad, will jH
restamp tho old tickets. Some who bought iH
brldgo tickets yesterday had special requests to) H
make at the ticket boxes. They wanted the jB
ticket agents to Indorse the tickets with the jH
agents' autographs, and somo of the curio H
seekers askod to have "a lino or two" written H
on tho souvenir tickets. A pretty girl In a
whllo svvlss roslumo asked ono ot tho agents if "IssH
he would wrlto n fow lines of poetry across the jH
back ot tho string of ticko s sho purchased. H
"I'lcaso wrilo sotnotlilng," she pleaded. "If fassBs
you can't wrlto poetry wrlto n line saying H
Miss 11 purchasod threo tlokets on the last M
day that tho bridge) cars were operated by the 4H
brldgo authorities." H
TooIiIIbo tho girl tho ticket ngont wrote the H
following: M
How dear to my heart nre the scenes ot my bridge jtH
When fond recollections present them to view, essH
The chew euew of engines upon the old railroad, sssH
And eery loted sH,t that tho bridge copper knevri H
The whlto spreading skirt and the one who stooej kkkm
esH
The ulrl from South Iirooklyn, tha pride ot Hoy lB
Who bowed to ths copper, and all ticket chopper, liH
The alilrt walsled girl who oame over the bridge. JH
"There, now," said tho ticket man. "I can't H
get any morn on tho back of that string. But JkkM
when j on cmuo ovurtho bridge you'll llnd me jM
fonc, I'o boen getting 3 a day nnd was think H
ng about utnrrlnu.0. An tho elevated road Is B
going to reduce salaries, 1 Intend to give up my
Job and remain it bachelor," H
Ihon tho Hhlrt-wnlstod girl from BayltldgO jH
tripped away, jM
iriK.v a. Jtto aux goes orp. " M
clenllflo men Do .Vit 11 now All That Takes H
Pinee-Aveldlnc the Shark. H
iVom the miuileliihla limes. H
Not ono man In ton thousand has n clear Idea H
of Just what happens when a big cannon Is fired. jH
Tho physical manifestations aro numerous. iH
liven professors of chemistry and physics are jH
Btumpcd when thoy want to dlffereutlato all the
gnuos set looio and tho peouliar offocts they In M
duce. ThopuiTof nhitlBhBmoke, the flash of Are, M
the dim Imago of tho flying projoctllo, tho roar M
and the recoil ure all familiar, but baok of these s)H
Is a complox mass ot phenomena most bewilder j
ing to lho mind of any but an artillery expert. B
First, tho cubes, diska, hexagons or Irregular M
lumps ot powder ore chomically transformed H
into a powerful, expanding gas tho Instant firing- M
takes place. Thru thuro are innumerable by H
products that evon chemists do not understand. tkU
Tho explosion of gunpowder is divided Into) IH
three distinct Binges, called tho Ignition, In fM
flnmmatlon, and combustion. The ignition la H
the setting on lire of tho first grain, while the jM
Inflammation is tho spreading of tho flame ovor vM
the surface of tho powder from tho point of Ignl H
tlon. Combustion is tho burning up ot each B
grain. The vnlua of gunpowder Is due to the Hjl
fact that when subjected to sutltcicnt heat it bo WM
comes a gas which expands with frightful rapid
lty. The Bo-called explosion that takes place) 9jf
when a match Is touched to gunpowder is mororr Sjf
a chemical chance, during which thcrots a sua B
den evolution or gases from thu original solid. jVJ
It has boen calculated that ordlnnrv gunpotr MB
dcr on exploding expands about 0,000 times of njl
Mils a space this much larger ns a gas than when
In a solid form. When this chemical change
takes place In a closed vessel the expansion mar fljB
be made to do a work llko thut of forcing a pro HjVJ
Jectilo along lho bore of the great gun or test PjVj
tube. In tho lino of loast resistance
The hardest work n gunner is called'ttpon to JB
do is to stand the tremondous shock. The HJ
forces oxerted by theito gnp.es in expanding H
seem to radiate in nil directions from the can HJ
non, as rlppltn are caused by dropping a pebble fljl
in a nool of still water. Aa n matter of fact. It wj
has been dintoveren that those lines ot foroes H
nre exceedingly complicated affairs, nnd 'play VJ
very queer prnnki nbout tbo oannon. As a
result tew peoplo know Just which is the safest SJ
or tho most dangorouB position for n gunnortrs VJ
take hesldo his gun. In tha enso nf thu great fljl
H inch guns on our monltorx, n position hack .
of lho gun is much easier than one nearer tho
muzzle. HJ
OVIt EXORMOVS VOllVHiy TltAJtV. H
Ciporls. SI,3O0,nnn.fli)O Iinnmt. POl)o,. M
000,000 tei'onil to SJreiit llrllnln O-ily. B
From tht AVtc York Commercial, July 1. flH
Vc3torday tho fiscal year of 1807-OS closod, am
Tho new fiscal year of 18US-09 begins to-day. V
As far no tbo Imports nnd oxports of mcrchnn.
dlso can bo compared, tho total forolgn com jmU
nicrceof the United States for last year Bhows 29sVJ
a remarKablo increase In fact, this yoar just 9aVJ
ended has boen tho banner yoar In Amort -JsflH
can foreign trade, which represents a large 'fl
aggregate volume than in any previous almllar JI
period of our commercial history. Figures TiM
from Washington show that the exports of the
products and manufactures of tho United States
lopreient a total valuo of 81.200.000.000, whllo
the ImportH will he but little moro than half
that sum. This gives a trade balance of nearly
?b00,000,000, or 100 per cent, in our favor fof
tho year.
Whllo our Imports nre less in v.aluo than in
any yoar since lrlt).", our oxports nre the largest
ever rocoided. While lho greatest g.tln In our
exports bus naturally been in tho products of
our farms. It is very gratifying to know that
there bus been no fulling off in the foreign de
maud for American manufactures, which, for the
year Just ended, coustlluted 25 per cent, of our
total export trade. At the same tlmo there haa
been u diminution in our purchases from 41 per
cent, of all imports a yoar ago down to37ocr
cent, for tho yoar that terminated yesterday.
Our combined import and export trado, now
agsrreirating II, Poo.000,000. places us In tho sec
ond commercial position of tho world, we bavins
now passed both Germany and France, nnd fol
lowing very closo to the United Kingdom.
Let us hopo that ft couiinuunce of prosperity'
will give us within n fow years, ns we expect 10
will, tho world's commercial leadership.
Ashed ror a Shirt and Cot a Wire,
rvom the rhilaSelpMa Time:
Tho following is given becauso of tha vain
ablo suggestion It may contain for the yountf
boUIit about to Btnrt for the war. It Is tbo
Mory of a clean ohlrt and how it (tallied one man
a good wife.
During the civil war there was a certain
young lady in Georgetown who found It In her
power to do a great deal for the Confederate sol
tiers confine.! in prison at Washington. Young,
beautiful, cultured, popular, of u wealthy and .
prominent family, she was frequently allowed
admission to the prison, whither she always
look herinnld with a well-stocked basket ot
good things for lho poor hoys behind tho bars.
Ono day, iih sho was passing through a group
of men in tho common prison, she stopped ana
Buid lo them!
"If there Is anything you would llko to have
that I can bring vou, won't you let mo know I I
shall bo very glud." j.
One man stupnod forward promptly. Bowing
mot cotirltoiiBij, ho said:
"If vou will be ho kind, I should like very
much to have a cleim'shirt,
Ilewnsu joung Lieutenant from Louisiana,
ono of the handsomest and most elegant men I
ef or met, and when that young lady looked up
Into his brown eyes she found 11 in her heart to
give him much moro than a clean shirt, for she
married him as soon as tha war wus over.
Or. KIu r j Mulber Asr.iln Out or Order.
rm the Wuihington Eiening Star,
T)r. Mnrv Walker wns jtstcr.lay Invited to)
leavo the Capitol building beeauno of hor action
in the 'eniiio gallery. Pr. Slurv Walker was
notiied nilnynr iwongo to wave her handker
chief when eoiin thing w-ns said In the Senato
that p.irlloiiliirly plcneml her. Tho doctor Is
stromrly ngnlnM tbo annexation of He. wall, nnd
whenever nnyililiig wns said in tha rienate that
ple.ihidher hv t lie uiill-nnnexutlonlsts sho waved
hei liaiiUe-ephlef.
The authorities t the Cnpltol being told of
tills breach of the Senato rule on tho p.irtof the
doctor, guru initrui lluiif, that should she make
her iippeur nice In tlio gallery anil commit a like
oirenio ngalu hIio bo ejected, Yrstorday she
look a edit in tho gallerr, ard when Kenator
itoaih bpoko wned bur hauiII.Erohlct vleorous
1 'llin doorkeeper nt once invited her to leavo
Illegal i-ry, and nh the wns about going out of
tho ilno-, in orilei to chow her dellnnceforHena
liulnl iiih-s nnd Iter l ally to niiti-nnnexatioti-IkI
ii lii li'li n. uhu made a parting wavo of her
huolkun lncf, ns if to attract tho attention of
the Senators cm the floor, Hhewnstukon down
stain and eseotled to tho eiitrauto to tho Capi
tol, and told lo sta nuaf us long as she was un
ablo to comply with the law.
A Itlels l'ouug Soldier shoe lag Iferses
from the Citxelttnd leader,
Tho fighting of thoso New York swells near . ,
Hautlngo brings to mind tbo raso of n prominent
oiing Clochtmlnr, who, nt tho time the Href .
all fur men nut iim'n, eanio homo lo Join the
cavalry troopof tilts thy und go to war,
Hlsparenis urewt-altht, und ho hus always
held u prominent position iioclally when at
home, hul win n a show of patriotism was called
for ho was mil tho ixst lo ho heard from. .
At school and lollcgo ho went In for manual
training, and Ie ,mrd hlutlcMiilthlng, Now, '
what do ..u suppose he is doing at tho present
llniul inning gloryon tha Held of battlot
(Inllopincr utoi hills and through dales, boar
Ing despnli !i"t from ono cumin mder tounotherl
So! lie la sliming iioiis at Chlckauiauga,!
And bo Ihu'i I'limplalnlng, either.
"SiininlHid) must do this." hu writes, "and If
I can he inori ti-,, ful turn ' oumry In tills way,
why, 1 shall bo satuiloil. lieu I enlisted Itwas
for the purpose of doing my best to win glory
fur the i-Urs and Htrlj.es, in any way thut might
bo assigned to me. But there are many more ,
pteusnnt things tbau working; over aa aavllla ' i
, tbUclUvate." J
s