The sun. [volume], May 21, 1915, Page 6, Image 6

About The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916

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THE SUN, FRIDAY, MAY 21, 1915.
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Fit IDA Y, MAY 21, 1015.
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Publlehed dally, Including Sunday, by the
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urer. William C. Ilelck. 170 Nassau itreet.
Vice-President, Edward P Mitchell. 1)0
Naaaau street: Secretary, C. E. Luxton, 170
Nanau atreet.
London office. Efflniham Houie. 1 Arun
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Tarli otnce. 6 Hue de la Mlchodlere. otr
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Washington omce, lllbbi Hulldlnf.
Brooklyn office, 10( Livingston atreeL
If our frlenit teao faxor vt tr(f manic
tcriptt ani illuitratlont tor publication tctth
to knvs rtlicttd artlcltl retxtrntd tht mutt
im all colli tend itampt for Mai psrjioM.
Taxation for a Surplus.
Governor Whitman hns allowed It
to become known tbnt be Intends to
approve the $10,000,000 illrect Stnte
tnx bill nnd immediately thereafter
depart for the 1'nclflc const.
Through bis vetoes be lins reduced
by $2,300,000 the wasteful appropria
tions passed by the legislature, and
in this sum, ou bis own showing, the.
product of the tnx will be In exce
of the needs of the State. As the
money In the treasury can be ex
pended only In pursuance of law.
these $2,300,000 must lie bile, n use
less surplus so far as the State U
concerned.
Thus the (lovomor will wear the
distinction of Imposing on the tax
payers of the State, nt a time when
their burden Is notoriously heavy, a
tax the product of which he has him
self rcndereil unavailable for expendi
ture, nnd whose only disposition must
le to the credit of the State In the
banks to which It contldes Its funds.
He will complete a financial record
begun In grotesque Ignorance by an
act of oppression unprecedented tn
tin? history of the State and unexam
pled lu sane administration.
The Uowruor lu his decision not to
veto the direct tax bills Is not acting
blindly. He holds the coiitemptuoua
conviction which possessed the Leg
islature when It refused to give a
hearing to New York city on the tax
bills, as It was adding to their size,
that the public cannot remember and
that the grossest outrages committed
on the taxpayers to-day are wiped
from the minds of the voters when
election morning dawns. Like certa'n
of the lawmakers, he believes that
the nverlaxatlou authorized this yea?
will be forgot ten when n moral Issue
is presented In Wirt; that the vicious
nets of 101." will not Influence the
choice of the electorate eighteen
months afterward; that the Demo
cratic city of New York will con
tribute the bulk of the money, and
that the sums tn be spent lu ltopuh
llcnn strongholds will overcome the
natural prejudice of their population
against the Iniquitous proceeding In
which the collection of money In
taxes for nn unnecessary surplus it
only nn Incident.
Will the faith of (iovemor Whit
man and his advisers lu the Incom
petency of the taxpayers be Justified
by the event?
The Peril of Venire.
With Italy In the war a spot dear
to the tourist, the traveller and tho
lover of the artistic and romantic ts j
Id peril. Venice of all tho Italian
coast towns is tne most vulnerable. : United Italy for the first time since
When she was mistress of the sea nnd tlu movement for national unit v be-,
her merchantmen sailed the waters Kn Ul tt,P Pllry ,mrt nf tne ,,m..
of the known world, while her col,)- t(11.ti, century, to be exact, In LSL'O. j
.nles spreail over the Levant nnd ner WK. thP granting of the Spanish con
warships humbled the Turks, the In ,,ituton to Naples was the signal for
goons and tho long sand liars were . ,iu. liimrnilniilst mnvoniniii. which 1
effective protection. Hut to-day thes,, '
waters nre too shallow for the Italian
fleet and her protectors must
Oni" I
from the nearest naval base at T
ranto to save her from the modern
long range guns of the Austrian ships
that could attack from Pola. less than
IT) miles across the Adriatic.
All the world that travelled for
pleasure or Instruction went to Ven
ice. The continental tour of every
American or llrltlsher was Incom
plete without a tight of the Piazza
of St. Mark, and the honeymoon of
every prosperous German couple was
lacking In true sentimentality If It
did not Include n gondola ride on tlio
Orand Canal. The city's situation,
nrt and romantic history told In tho
winding waterways and palaces maue
her unique among all resorts.
But since the war began Venice's
peril has put her hi sorry slralts.
Most of iho grand hotels nre closed,
the cuffs deserted, the Piazza Is filled
with soldier and sailors, nud the
gondoliers for want of tourists have
surrendered to their rhals, too vapo-
rettl, and many of them have pledged
their craft for bread. Many of the llin -
orous Inhabitants have already pre
pared for a re'uge Inland, and iho" of
the nrmy and navy otllcers have sent
their families out of the city. YVIth'n
twenty-four hours, said an Italian
officer, nil the non-combatants can he
transferred tn the mainland. In tho
lust extremity the bridge ncrusa the
lagoon Is to be sacrificed. From
Mestro to Padua the trendies are al
ready dug to reHl Invaders.
If Itnly must light, all the world
pleads that Venice shall not meet th
fate of Liege. I.ouvaln.Ypres, ltheliiM,
and asks In the name of all the toil!
iMs of the past and yet to cnine, nnd
by memory of that great company of
lovers of which Titian. TtNToiir.Tro
and IlnowMNo were a part, that St.
.Mark's, the Doge's Palace, the Santa
.Maria tlella Salute and all the other
noble monuments of a pnst nrt may
escape the devastating horrors and
ravages of war.
Professor and Pli. I).
Much hns to be forgiven to mnny
professors nnd Ph. IK, nnd the sense
of humor rather than choler Is stirred
by wild nnd whirling words such
as those emitted by YANnr.i.i, HrN
M.rtsoN. Ph. I)., who professes physi
ology In the Yale Medical School.
Put even that license of a Ph. D. nud
professor can't cover chatter llko this:
'The sinking of the Lusltanla was
horrible chiefly because It was dramatic.
The cold facts ore that tt probnbiy
saved ten times ss many Uvea as It
cost. The ammunition which the I.uM-
tanl.i carried would have slaughtered
thousands."
Even a Ph. D. nnd n professor
should be above this cheap sophisti
cated or Ignorant defence of the mas
sacre of noti'Combatnnts. Kven a pro
fessor nnd n Ph. D. should know
that it is part of the business of sol
diers to be killed, part of the rights
of uou-comb.itants to be spared.
And bow would Professor Yanoku,
HKNDr.RSON. Ph. I)., like to be shot nv
some subtle New Ilavenlte, whose
npologln after the event would be:
He might have run over ten persons
In ills devil wagon. I have saved teu
times as many lives as I have taken.
United Italy's First War In Europe.
The brief and one sided Trlpolltan
campaign ami the disastrous Abyssin
ian affair are the only wars In which
t'nlted Italy has engaged. She has
her spurs to win lu a European con
Met. It would be unralr to Judge of
the lighting quality of the Italian sol
dier from Novum and thu two bat
tles of Custoza. At Novum Chaki.ks
Auu'.rt led an army without disci
pline or organization, composed, be
sides Pledmoutose, of Lombards, Ro
mans, Tuscans nnd other volunteers',
and the Klug. who was not n profes
sional soldier, had to entrust the for
tunes of his army to n Polish llenerol,
CzAitNowsKY. who was lneoiuietent
and disliked by the troops. For Ua
mrrzKY. the Austrian Field Marshal, n
famous strategist In his day. (he cam
paign was a promenade. United Itnly
did not fight nt Novum, nor at either
of the Custozas. The first (ISIS)
was a rout of nu army without homo
geneity: of the second (1S(!(1) (Jeneral
Dklla Hocta says In his memoirs:
"The battle of Custoza took us by
surprise. The want of foresight of the
chief of staff (La Marmora ) , then
practically commander In chief of the
army, is, and always will be. Inex
plicable. Tho man who sent the dec
laration of war ought to have had n
matured plan ready, and the com
mander of each coips should have been
In possession of the minutest details.
Instead of which, the crossing of the
Mlnclo was treated as though It hid
been a simple change of quarters, anil
the Instructions given to the command
ers of the different corps contained no
hint of any plan of battle."
No attempt was made to retrieve
the disaster of Custoza, the Italian
(Jeneral Staff suffering from a paraly
sis of initiative. Iteenforcements were
available, and Ciamu.m's army if
SO.000 men had not been used at all.
To add to the national reproach the
Italian unvy under Admiral I'mihami,
as Incompetent as La .Marmora, suf
fered nn overwhelming defeat off
Llssa In the Adriatic. It Is true that
as it result of the German victory
over the Austriuns at Kiinlggriltz
Venice fell to Italy after a plebiscite
arranged by Napoleon III., but tho
Italians neither ou land nor sea con
tributed to the consummation.
In the war that impends, Austria
wltli what help she can obtain from
(Jerniany, will have to reckon with
r.p,(llj. s,lroml , IMeillll01)ti U)m.
,,,.i,. n,i ,. tn Mm n, B,,u
!...- .!, fli-al , l ,, ,-- ,.f ,i,
I last hundred years the Italians will
I fight as a unit In n thoroughly organ
ized and well equipped army anil
with tho moral support of the Pope,
whose "wnr prayer" lias been distrib
uted nnmng the troops. The oppor
tunity has come nt Inst to settle
scores with the hated Austrian, and
It will Inspire every Italian who
wears the uniform In Isdh service.?.
He Is going to be n very different
fighting man In this war. If an In
tense pride In his nationality counts
In a struggle which Is to be a supreme
test of Italian character.
Swindlers' Accomplices.
The authorities on weights and
measures now in convention In this
city took no exception to the state
ment ninde by one of their orators
that a certain short weight package
evhlblled by him Indicated a swindle
j ou housekeepers amounting iinnunlly
j to .?(;iMHhI,mhi, Such computations are
' not always accurate, but In this on so
common observation confirms the be
lief that If this sum Is too large, the
actual proceeds of thievery carried
on In this milliner are enormous, It
Is notorious everywhere; rich, well
to do and poor suffer from It; nnd
the poor most of nil,
Among tho ninny subjects that en-
listed Mayor Oaynor'b nctlvc Interest
tills form of robliery was one. IIo
started a campaign of education that
should have kept the butcher's thumb
off thu scale nud taken the dimple out
of the quart jxit permanently. We
had prosecutions, seizures, bonfires,
condemnations and a distribution of
leaflets that should have put every
buyer on his guard. Perhaps condi
tions ore not now as bad as they worn
when Judge (Iaynor went into otnce;
they are worse than they might be
made, and for this the otllcers of the
law nre not chiefly responsible.
The real blame for bad conditions
lies on the public, the men and women
who through stupidity or laziness
I permit themselves to bo swindled.
They patronize the thieves, sometimes
deliberately passing by the door of
tho honest trndesman. They nre fre
quently the victims of their own
shortsighted cupidity, spending ten
cents for twelve ounces rather than
eleven cents for a full pound. They
Include In their ranks those econo
mists who buy rotten fruit If the health
Inspector Is u little late In his rounds,
and by whom ptomaine olsonlug Is
less dreaded thou paying the price of
fresh fish.
That such persons can be protected
from the short weight fraternity Is
possible, but highly Improbable. They
are unwitting accomplices lu the
crimes by which they suffer, nnd for
that clas of Idiots nil the weights nud
measures laws that can be enacted
will not furnish safety.
Curious Rcappearnnres.
Like materialized reminiscences,
ghosts from the land of memories and
shadows, every now and then we have
n 'strange reappearance of those long
gone nnd all but forgotten.
Within n week there have been
three of them. First there was
Fanner Proiist'h turkey buzzard out
in Indiana. (Justavus was tho buz
zard's name. He was uo warbler as
some birds nre. He had no gift of
melodious utterance. He was a se
date, sagacious buzzard, orderly of
life and nowise given to equlvoeat
disappearances. He wore a tittle Mi
tied by a ribbon about Ills neck, a
token of Farmer Pkohm's e-teiin
Away back in the misty past, last
fall In fact, he suddenly vanished.
The silvery tinkle of his bell was
heard no more. He was gone and iti
thu way of being forgotten, when in
the dim dawn of a few mornings
ago Farmer Proust was aroused by a
faint but familiar tinkling. It came
from the top of a tall tree. (Justavus
had come back home.
Following the news of Oiitovus's
reappearance came quickly that of
the resurrection of the lamentable
Aihiicks. Aiiiucks wore no bell. He
did not need one. He was a peri
patetic combination of foghorn and
steam calliope In himself. The shiny
high hat. the fur lined overcoat with
broad lapels modestly thrown boon,
the blaze of glittering diamonds, the
far streaming mustache little dan
ger of Aiiiucks being overlooked If he
were around, and be was generally
around. And then the wealth bo left
lu his wake among the worthy agri
culturists and rising young men of
Delaware In Ills effort to carry his
pyrotechnic brass band disturbance
Into the United States Senate! Hut
soon came the court proceedings crash
and the Addlcks noise went trickling
nway to faint echoes Involving
process servers and constables. How
many of us remembered that there
ever was an AnnicKs until bis last
recent oppenrnnce with a Jail for
stage setting?
And Immediately on the heels nf
this materialization of Aihiicks came
that of the once so Industrious Mr,
Monk Eastman. If Monk's submer
gence was more recent than that of
AnniCKt, It was quite as complete.
For professional reasons If for no
other Monk never wore a bell. He
slugged not noisily but too well. Hut
Monk was only n free lance thug.
Ills finest activities were before the
days when thuggery was organized
under a (Jeneral Staff ns a branch of
Industrial uplift. So he was crushed
to the wall, another victim of trust
combination. His nnme nnd fame had
been all but forgotten until promi
nence was suddenly again thrust
upon him by unexpected attentions
from detectives.
Thus we have Monk. nutnvu
and Apoickr all three with us onco
more, Interesting specimens of flot
sam and Jetsam cast up by tho se.i
of oblivion.
I.lnrolnlan.
in Mr. John M. Bowtrs'h long nnd
affecting plen for the Injured or In
jurious Colonel, nothing not even tho
iirliiglng in nf the Constitution which
the Colonel has chopped so heartily
was more melting, nothing apter to
movoln rocky hearts "the Into remorse
of love" than his reading of the Get
tysburg address. True, that doe.i
inent was as germane to the Colonel
nnd his cause as were Washington.
Patrick IiKNnv, John Hancock i.nd
the oilier forerunners of the Colonel,
The Colonel Is well known to be the
latest avatar of Lincoln, nnd there
fore may be snld lo have written the
Gettysburg nddress. He lias hail to
change his style on account of tho
"soft"generatlon to which he preaches
But why the Gettysburg nddress?
Wouldn't the second Inaugural have
been more sharply appropriate:
"With malice toward none, with char
Ity for nil."
When the Colonel wrote that bit
painted himself unconsciously, his
own gentle, forgiving, patient, long
suffering, gall-lncklug nature.
The bears of Wyoming stun tn bn
better strategists than Moor Mitchru
Not one of them fell before his trusty
rifle. It Is submitted that tho Nw
Kngland mountain Blate.s nnd New
York furnish sulllrlent bear hunting
for nmnteur nlmrods. Bears sttll roam
tho Cntskllls: In Woodland Valley
under the shadow of Slide Mountain,
the heart of tho southern Cntskllls"
John HtmitotioitR cnlln It, the former
encounters bears every spring nnd
n voids tho mother benr whin alio Is
foraging for her cubs, In spltn of
trnppltiK. the Kllllngton Peak country
In Vermont, not fifteen miles from
Rutland, still supports bears, In the
White Mountain wilderness, remote
from the automobile trnlls, Hruln de
fies civilization and frightens tho
berry pickers In July nnd August.
Lord KiTCHRNF.it Is now willing to
accept llttlu men of five feet two ns
recruits, nnd why not7 The smaller
the human target the better, If It can
shoot straight and stand the strain
of campaigning.
While the story that Oenernl Villa
was mobbed nt Torreon by poor devils
who were starving comes from Car
ranrn sources, It Is probably true.
Vera Cruz Is In the same plight as
Torreon. In fact famine threatens
nil the larger cities In Mexico, t'nelo
8am may have to feed the .Mexicans
as well as the Belgians. If that hour
strikes be may be accepted ns media
tor between the warring factions.
After utter ruin, reconstruction.
1 am drunk with Joy You are KOlng
to see nn Itallnn miracle nfter the
French miracle. UAi'RitLR d'Annunzw.
At 62 the poet will not be wanted
on the firing line, but there will be
work for him to do ut the hospital
base when be "sobi rs up."
THE GRAMMAR SCHOOL.
Mr. WINon's Diplomatic Sjntnx Some
vrhut .HopliMlcally Defended.
To tiik KniTOM of The .Sun Sir A
correspondent In The Sun of May 1!'
HtL'iHM the Unn of plural verbs and
pronouns In conjunction with the
term "(Jermnn Imperial Government"
in President Wilson's recent note to
Germany. I contend that the form
complained of Is not ungrnmmatlcnl,
but on the contrary exhibits n thor
ough mastery of the KnglWh language,
as welt ns n iteep Inslnht Into the
diplomatic proprieties that belong to a
cUto paper.
In the examination of this question
we should keep In mind the opening
wonts of th note; "In view of recent
nets nf the German authorities"; for
we llnd that wherever a plural verb or
pronoun Is il'ecl there Is an adroit al
lusion to the German ..uthorltles taken
singly and not as n collective body
Throughout the entire note there Is
put In evidence u line discrimination
between the Germ in Imperial Govern
ment considered as one Imily and the
same lonsldered as made up of many
nlnils. not all of which are necessarily
agned on the plan of operations of
which the note complains. The r.ote sajs.
for example: "The Instructions of the
Imperial German Government to ltn na
val commanders." u!ng the singular
pron-'Un because the aiiteeedi nt must of
course be regarded In the -Inmilar num
ber, as It Is the Government n ting In
Its collective capacity that Issues In
structions; whereas when the note snyn
that the "Imperii! Germjn Government
considered tnem-clves hound," the Inten
tion Is to Imply that the German au
thorities so considered tliems-lves ; th
various branches of tint Govirntnent
and the members composing them not
being ne csMirlly as one in the adoption
of "methods that go beyond the ordinary
methods of warfare.'" The President
toils short of an arraignment of the en
tire German Governmt nt. and leaves I!
an opportunity to epla!n while not con
tradicting the President's statement.
I notice the same care In the phrasing
nf other portions of the rote, as. for ex
ample: "This, Government assumes that
the Imperial Government accept the rule
,...i th lives of non-combatants," &c
and "rer-ngrilze the obligation." He. A1m,
"The Imperial German Government hae
in the past so wisely," c. Mere the
plural lerli Is cmploed, not without a
purpose, for ue do not wish to go so
far as to say that the German Govern
ment Itself, ns n single entity, Kaiser,
Council and people combined, "accepts
nnd recognizes"; but that the German
Government generally, that is for the
most part, not universally, not as one.
"accept and recognize," Ac.
W'u say correctly, "the Jury advanced
various arguments to Justify their
votes." or, "the Jury were considering
the ease," because they were not Justi
fying or considering .is one, but Indi
vidually and separately ; whereas we
say "the Jury returned Its verdict (as
a collective body), which calls for the
singular number.
An a priori argument In favor of the
President's syntax Is found In the con
sideration that the mind which con
ceived tho remarkable note to Ger
many, ho precise In Its every detail,
could not be guilty of grammatical
errors which. I admit, on the surface np
pear so Rlnrlng and so contrary tn the
rules of grammar. We must "sound
the depths" to appreciate the profundity
of Mr. VIIon's erudition. J. IJ. H.
Nkw Venn, May 20.
HOW LANGUAGE GROWS.
Suggestion for (Jeneral Lcnnomy of
Sjllaldes.
To tiik KniToit or Tur Scn fir: Slncn
the war began the word "enemv" has
added tn its nounship by incoming nn
adjective, both In Ibglloh and Uncle
hamie. Great Is the elasticity of lan
guage That's how It grows and fattens
the latest editions of dli tlnnarli h.
tut as "enemy's" Is curtalli.il, why
not chop off Its head and some more of
(ho tall?
Let It tie "nem," which reminds us nf
Nemesis. Whv not boll dmvn all words
tn their roots? Winn this Is done It
might surprise l.lndley Murrayltcs lo
find the same roots In so many an
gunces, with Sanscrit as the great great
plus grandmother of them. Sanscrit Is
love! v. Piiaor.oniBT.
Nr.w Yong, May 20.
One of Our llattlclili Seierel) Crllleltril.
f'runt Tim n Tope
Vlnllnrs tn Die Oeet received patient
Attention from the oncers, no matter how
Illy the i uesi Inns jitked. but I wond-r
If one woman who knnivn her soi lal wol' I
mt!''h better than the nillli.tr) aa yet
renlUe her fnnllahness In anklin; a youn,T
IhiK tteuteri:iiit of the New York ne to
where the lifeboats wern toeitt,-,!. The
nfllcer mntlnned to some boats suspended
and told her n equal number was on the
other ebb. "Hut It does not seem to ir.e
you have enniiKh to s'ive your larpe mim
her of men on board If you were attacked
she remnrked further. Airaln the oltleer
replied kindly: "In time of nrrlon ive eleir
the deilis of all Incumbrances, All boats
are thrown overboard. We sfiv with tne
ship." "in down with It?" she miape I
In horror "Vex, If It goes" and hen
politely changed the subject Into a renintk
that the New York had more dancing
space on deck than moat battleships.
In frnhnrr' Monthlu for June Mrs.
IMIth Whnrlnn relates her war exp.rl
eio'cji, I,. I'erry desennts on college his,
bill. Ilenenil (loethils continue bis e.ory
ot the p.iiiiiiua t'nnal and 11. Mathers re
calls the negro minstrels 1) I, I2lmen
dorf conlrlhiilea many photographs of 111"
national parks, Mr. Galsworthy's aerial
la continued and there art four abort
torlcs anil three poems.
THE BRYCE REPORT.
nrntatity of Warfare, Under (he Lead
ership of tho Mllltnry Caste.
To tiik KniTOit or Tun ISDN Sir: When
one reads tho report of the lltyce iom
mission one Is taken back to tho time
of the Middle Ages, when warfare was
Accompanied by pillage, toot, murder,
rape and whnt not, Thn shocking ntioc
Itles committed by Gorman troops In
Belgium and France, apparently In ac
cordance with it regular system organ
ized by the military powers for the pur
pose of striking terror Into the hearts
of the population and crushing any at
tempt of self-defence ns revealed by tho
said report, ate perhaps the worst blow
to civilization yet experienced.
In the face of such facts, for facts
they must be, one Is simply stunned.
Ono cannot grasp the renllty, for that
such acts of brutnllty, nay bestiality,
could be committed by soldiers of n civ
ilized nation In our times Is simply be
jond one's wildest Imagination There
Is little comfort In the thought that tho
majority of the German people them
selves would bo shocked by such bar
baric conduct nnd would repudiate It, for
the very existence of the fact that the
mllltnry jrowcr of a civilized nntlon can
organize such n system of brutal war
faro Is overpowering to one's mind.
Though I have, been an American citi
zen for llfteen years and feel that I am
un American, being married to an Amer
ican woman, yet having been born and
raised In Germany, I to-day feel the
"leepcst humiliation, nnd I am sure that
I nm not the only American of Germnn
descent who experiences this feeling.
One would have to be callous Inibed If
one's feeling remained unmoved by the
reiiort of the Itryce commission. In
fact I would gladly give mj life If by
doing so I could make good only a small
part of those outrages, For the Ger
man Government to attempt to defend
or even to explain such atrocities would
be adding Insult to Injury
A nntlon that will without n word of
protest allow Its military powers to u.ign
war on women nnd children and other
non-combatants In such a grossly Inhu
man fashion should suffer for It so an to
tie brought buck to Its senses. There
seems to bo only one way to remedy
the evil, nnd that Is for the German
people to rise up as one man nnd drive
the guilty military lenders out of their
country. Alfiied MClleh.
New YonK, Mny IS.
Uejected In I'nvor of the Testimony
01 American Correspondents.
To the KniTori of The Son sir:
Judging from recent editorial comment
the newspapers have unanimously con
cluded to accept the Ilryce report, rind
ing the Germans guilty, thereby reject
ing by clear implication the Cobb-Mc-Cutcheon
report exonerating the Ger
mans, The Inference tn be drawn from this
unanimous conclusion Is that In con
troversies betwien nations we rejtct
the tests of credibility commonly
adopted In courts nf law with respect
to controverides to which Individuals
are parties, and reason along the fol
lowing lines:
1. A belligerent can have no humsn
motive to fastm a crime upon the
enemy, uberesa a neutral la motivated
by a dealre to exonerate the accused
, nation.
- An investigation made months after
I the alleged crime Is more valuable than
one made at the time.
3. A report based on the testimony nf
witnesses who are themselves the In
jure,! imrtles s entitled tn more wvlgnt
than one based mainly on personal In
spection t. A hearing In which the defence la
not present Is a safer basis for a re
port than u henrlng In which the de
fence Is represented by advotwtea and
wlttiessre
This course of reasoning mny be
clear to editors, attbouch I am frank
to ! that to some others It is not
obvious nor even persuasive. I need
hardly siy that I am expressing no
opinion on the main question of guilt
or Innocence, but that I nm simply
trying to discover why the English
men's verdict that the Germans were
; guilty was unanimously accepted and
I the verdict of American correspondent
that the Germans were not guilty was
, unanimously rejected
Charles A. ItnonrK.
1 New York, May 20.
MR. FRO H MAN'S KINDNESS.
It Kxtended to (Miters Ilr-ldes Hie
fortunate Fen.
To the i:tiTolt op Tin: St'N Mr: Many
1 prominent members of the theatrical
profession have given ample testimony
of the lovable traits of the late Mr.
Charles 1'rohtiKin ; none the less it sems
1 fitting to voice Hie sentiments of that
1 Iirgo body of actors and actresses who
plod along comparatively unknown M
the general public.
I have had the pleasure of play'ng
under Mr. Fmhtnan's direction In a
i number of productions; and those of us
doing tho "bits." the comparatively In
i significant parts, have found It a sourco
'. of great satisfaction and encourage
I ment to have been treated with no less
'consideration and couitesy perhaps
' even a more kindly treatment, than ha
accorded the principals nf the cast.
None sv I II feel his lns more keenly,
nor bold memories of blm In greater
esteem and nffeellnn thin those rniir i s.
lng the rank and tile of our profession.
rn.vNris M. Vkrpi,
The "Song of Songs" Company.
New York, May 20.
The I.ecs of raiikhurstlsm.
Tn the Kpitoii or Tnr. St'.s'--.vr: It
Is deeply to be regretted that such a dis
courteous attempt was made by a few
suffragists to harass the I'resldent on
his recent visit to New York. I believe
that I speulj for the 400 members of
the Catholic Committee of the Woman
Suffrnire party III condemning this un
dignified Intrusion on Mr. Wilson, which
was, to say the least, a grave lire ich
md onlv of good manners but of good
Judgment Any injection of militant
methods Into the suffrage movement in
America will meet with scant approval
frnin the army of earnest women who
have for over fifty etrs conducted a
sane and dignified campaign, worthy of
American womanhood.
M viiuaiiet Havpen IlnrtKC,
New York. May 20. Chairman,
.'iore Piracy.
To the Hpitoh oe The Son Sir,- The
ll.'irries-lti'oscvelt light reminds one of
the present war aluoad: Hcrmany
against the ' Allies, Hnnsevelt against
lt.iriies, more piracy. I'aoi. W. IIii.i.er.
New York, May 20.
sartorial S.vntlirsls. ,
SlIERested by the report that the IV.ly.
tniirlel soiletv h.w iippolntc,! a eoininiltee
to tleNlKii a frown w lib h shall be equally
suited to the kit, hen nnd the opera.
When Iiornthy denudes the spuds
And pops them in the pot
She wetirs a simple styte of dtidi
Quite different from the lot
In wlibh on some occasions she
lledeiks for more formality,
It's simply nride of denim and
Is ucKllgllile quit
In cost heebie confections jrrsnd
She wertrs on opera nlsht;
Ho 'tis with sentiments of pity
My bean goes- out lo that committee.
Hut n with lynipathv I'm filled.
A doubt unhidden, bold
leaves nil my warmer feelings chilled
nd makes my blood run cold,
Pappose they work what feats appall
l'rom kltrhen up to opera stall I
MAl'Bics Morbh.
PICRICACID.
If the Allies Can't (Jet Knnngh of II.
They Have Themsehes to lllnnie.
To thi: Kiiitok ok Tnr. Sun Sir With
f,,.. u..n. nrdrtn nn th
would-be picric comer, I beg to submit I of "Barrister" In The Hun, that lbs
to you Information which may prt.vt Judges of the Court of Appeals jhouia
Interesting, be elected In pursuance of his Ides M
Tho whole consumption of picric icld obtaining "the advantages on the one
In the t'nlted States In peace time, by , hand to be derived from the
private explosive concerns, dyets. me- I appointment of Judges '
tllclnal mikcrs and other concerns aver- True. "Barrister" suggests that the
nges approximately tSS, 000 pounds a i other Judge lie appointed by the Court
year. All this material was Imported, of Appeals, but the natural effect ot
None of It was made In this country : nJ such n schei ie would be to direct ill
when the foreign Governments enmc In the evil Inlluences of politics lo the
tho market for picric acid no concern 1 election of a Court of Appeals whllh
was prepared to make any consldfreblo would bow to the will of the bosscn in
nunntltlcs. Barly last fall. howev:r. I their Inferior appointments, and thus
two big concerns started the manufac-, prostitute tho entire Judiciary,
turn ot picric ncld on somewhat bigger As I see It, the Judges of the Court
scale, and besides this a small con- f Appeals, should be, of alt others, re
ccrn turned out some nf this material, moved from the atmosphere of polltlct.
Tho output and raw material resources because mcy are the tlnal bulwark of
of these plants were practically con
tracted for from the start, at the same
time preparations were made and ne
gotiations entered Into with the differ
ent Governments for large size eon
tracts. These negotiations dragged tcr
weeks and months, but nnre of the Gtv
ernments was willing to commit Itself
to six months or a year
As new and expensive plants AM
necessary to turn out the enormous
quantities required by the present re
crudescence of the fighting In Kurop.
none of thu manufacturers was willing
to contract for less than six months .if
bis output. The foreign Government.",
probably misled by fri quern offers jy
dealers ar.d Intermediates, did not seem
to realize the situation and always .
fused long term contracts At pres"nt
there same Governments are using to
buv a few thousand tons of Picric w.d
at short deliveries, As explained. ! Is,
Impossible, for nny American manufac -
turer lo satisfy these orders. Bcsbles
this, i.egotlntloris for war material enp
tritcta urn made extremely illlllcult iiy
the intercourse of too many Intermedia
ries, by the conditions Imposed and by
the fact that the slightest change in
the proposetl contract requires confirma
tion from nbroad. Often by the time
nn agreement Is reached conditions nt
the raw material market n;e thoroughly
ehnnged nnd arrangements are made Im
passible. So If the allied Governments nre not
nble to get nn adequate supply of pierlj
acid It Is not the consequence nf a cor
ner, but of their business methods.
A M vNi'r.vcTi'nEn.
Prr.Tit Amuot, N. J., May 20.
THE UNITED HATTERS.
Will the fnion Treat Its Written
Agreement ns a Scrap of Paper'.'
To the BtUTOR el- Tin: Si-n -Sir - The
convention of the t'nlted Hatters of
North America, In sess.oti nt present, j
In New York, has taken the l.oewe
bojcntt , ase Intn conslderitlun I.at
January, after twelve ears of litiga
tion, the Supreme Court of the t'nlted
Stales nlllrmed the Judgment, recovered
.November if.. V "- ';
agaln"t the United Hatters for buy-
rotting the hat" manufactured by D. 1-.
I.oewc A.- Co of D.mbttry.
D. V. l.oewe & Co, In nn open letter I
addressed to all the defendants In the
Danbury Hatters case. April 22, 1915,
stated :
At th outset,, the t'nlted Hatters In
effeet substituted It-elf us the reit de-
fendsnt. by written agreement between
..i,m..i ,nttr. re.non.lbilltv for the con
duet or the suit una tne p-ivmeni nr m
lu, cment. Althnuch th s agreement his
Lien ob.erve.1 and nrted upon (or over
ten years snd up to the time of ntTlrni-
of the Julcment by the t'nlted
preparations hav
union for the protection of the defend
ants and we lime not even been re.
quested to defer proceedings nmlrt their
homes In order that your orraflratlon
tnlcht have opportunity to fulfll Its
pie Ire
The national union claimed that the
defendants were innocent, and It took
I the entire responsibility for the wrong-
doing. Uy underwriting the suit, and
any J'lilgnunt fiat inletit be secitrin.
the union constituted Itself the real
party of interest, and had reduce I the
record defendants to tne portion or
nominal patties only. The ,onduct nf
all these parties shows that they so
regarded themselves The union cl timed'
the honor of being the real wrongdoer
Thn local ntlliers of Daitbury Irstilleil
In the Hartford court that they took
tin steps agilnst D. II l.nivvn A- Co,
except as ordered bv the na'lonal olll
cers. This Is a matter of sworn testi
mony. Now I'resldent Scully, who p-esldes
at the national convention of fifty dele
gates. In New Ynrlt. roc gnln in legal
obligation of the I'tilted Hatters. Is
tho wr.tten agreement merely "a scrap
of paper"? Walter .1. Shanlct.
D.vniu'iiv, Conn . M ly "n-
The .saving of I.hcs at Sea.
To the i:iimii or Tun Scn .sir: Tin
apiKilllni: disasters to the Titanic, .im
press of Ireland and l.usltaiila have
emphasired the riadi'qii.o of th 'tfo
saving means provided In practically
all ocean passeng.r ships l,if, l,o n:i
nre Invaluable when the sea is smooth
niid time and conditions perm.t launch
ing, but as nt present swung fmm davits
'they too often go down with the ,r.nvn
lng passengers. If each nf the thr
great steamers had hem provided -'"li
a generous supply of unslnl.able bj.rs
and rafts o- llo.its. with rope o,iw for
1 holdlmr on. and these so placid on the
topmost deck that they would tlo.it when
the vessel wi nt down, thounitiils of
those who perished could have hi en
s IVI ll
With the wire'ess calls rrertte c.innrt
be long del. i.v eil, anil in eich of u ese
disasters help vviis near by and tho life
belts vvero proved to bo vvoful.y In
siilllclent. I A f i lend on the Titanic who clim':e.l
to the linttom of an overturned boat ;rl
was rescued by one of the half erupt,'
llfclnau which had b.n siniisstully
launch, d told np that h.rndi ds of
those drmvnid could have been sived
by Lifts and Moats.
(in the last trlii but one of the ln
pi rator 1 was Informed there weie nbUit
r. .000 abo.u d. passengers and t vv Hut
of curiosity I made nn Inspection of tho
entire life saving plant nnd was con
vlnceil that thero would be no rooiii itiv
where but In the water for fully one
half of th's number.
Thin material is not costly and 'here
Is plenty of space or the upper tle.!(
for storing where it would llo.it iooj
I If disaster came. If our public press
will Insist on s 'mo sunn measiie cn.
grees can be Inllnenced to an nppr. cia-
Hon of Its obligation in protecting those
that go down to the m , ships.
.lows- A. UvETH.
V-,...- V,-...,- M.,,. on
Nine short stories in mi.r . lioil,',,
for .lune, wltli the lirKltining nf a hilef 1
crlul. are un iiniple provision of e ;!,u I
II. Ithndes writes of siimnirr In the ety.
Maude It. Warren describes ihe Shetland
Islands nnd Alice Powdery Ihe trip Loin
San Francisco lo the canal. W II Potter
tells of rattle ships, II II liarv iliseiirs
unemployment, II s i'ioIo oeu ii's m
dcpitrttllK seiu,las no. I VV l: '1',,,,." ,!.
plies more of John ll.n - i o, I. i, e
There are seven pooin I M, l,,,iel,s
shows his Interest In the Southern mini,.
talBs I
' State. Supreme fourt In .I.inuiry List. i.n,l t m wie oiu ihhisiii.huik ,. .,, u.c " .,. : . 00I1mM of oru, r, ..
- although the individual defendant, la re- j tabll-hment of the parl-mutuel pool, such Ulh(f ,f .w t
.times thereon have s.ted only ,. noml,.,. ... exist. forel" lountr1"' , ft 7 menl of TnVaMrV
1 nun!.. ..hose Interests were Insured t,v would He .1 IMssitm. ... .,, , ,, .
the failed Hatters. nevertheless no . The result vyoulil ' pa,' detachment and an a'mbul t
THE JUDICIARY.
I'abllrlty for Incompetent Jndges One
Itemed)' for Its Weaknesses.
Tn Tilt- IViiTnn of TUB SUN Sir.' It II
! n tntiiahlnir m read the recommendation
the rights of litigants This cannot oe
done by making their office elective.
Let me call attention to a news Arti
cle on another page of The Sun under
the headline "Lawyers Propose Laws."
In It Mr Abraham Gruber Is reported
ns sajlng "he would like to see tne
Appellate Division abolished, because a
fair hearing thero Is Impossible.
Whether this be true or not. the fact
that an attorney ventures to say It
openly .s calculated to make all goo!
citizens sit up nnd take notlco. And It
Is more than significant that other at
torneys nre saying everywhere that the
law Is no longer a safeguard against
tin- arbitrary action of our Stnte courts
In the matter of the rights of litigants,
whatever be the cause. The remedj,
however, would seem to lie In such
constitution of our Judiciary system as
to Insure honest nnd able Judges, rather
than In tho abolition of any p.irtlcu'ar
1 court because Its present incumrjents
' happen to Inck either qualification
Much criticism of our courts has de
veloped at this time owing to tho pen
dency of the constitutional convention,
and many methods nre being suggestel
for remedying existing Ills connected
therewith.
In my opinion one of the greatest re
forms needed can be accomplished by
thn press outside of any constitutional
amendment, and that Is by turning the
pitiless glare of publicity from the legal
standpoint upon the nets and decisions
of our rourts. Decisions are bsln
banded down with too great frequence
by our lower court, nnd even nlllrmed
by the higher courts, that defy and an
nul all the laws on the books Law
yers who know this to be true are for
iibvlnus reasons reluctant to speak lip:
most law Journals do not comment rfn
decisions nt all, ami the few that do
never reach the public understanding,
as their circulation Is confined to the
leiral profession
Why should our Judges he considered
exempt from such criticism? No other
government official Is so regarded ; far
from It. If the principle of criticism
of the nets of one public servant Is
valuab'n I cannot understand why tho
Judo lary should be exempt. On the
contrary, I can think of no part of vur
governmental machinery that should
f , . ...... ..,,. it,-
Judiciary.
New York
ALEXANDER DoTLE.
May 20.
BETTING AT THE TRACKS,
Should the Constitution Permit Wa
gers Cnder Certuln ilostjrlctlons?
To the KniTon or The Sun Sir- Now
! that the racing season Is near and also
. , . i , ...
' ' ""' , .i" " gome-thing ton
sport would HKe to see somewung -on
ar basis,
to reestablish racing on a popul,
as of old.
While thero
clnlty and a stimulant for the dwindling
horse supply. Common Sinsi.
New Yokk. May 20.
The Xmnl Obelisk.
Tr. the KtiiTor. or The Sl'N Sir: Mr.
,-..,.,, Leluhton's suggestion in Tub
,.s ()f ti,, morning to erect a fitting
m!iument to the memory of the victims
of tlll, seems to me an excellent one
,,, tll). initiative In carrying thn
plan to a successful completion ought to
,,ian without delay by a committee
, , formed bv the wealthy fnml.ics
of the ile.ul of the Titanic, on thi ono
hand, and .i representative grouji ot
Herman Americans on the other hand.
To the first this participation will un
i .joutitodly be an act of love; the latter
ought to sin In It nn act of atonement,
If I rad last week's manifestations it
Teutonic psychology aright, nine-tenths
nf all decent American citizens Hnd
American guests to ne the expression
of th" .Yctc Yorktr llrmlil, of German
or Austrian descent, consider, mornllv
speaking, the sinking of the I.usltiPt.i
as Germany's naval Waterloo And
the significant gift nf Mr. Jkicob H
Schtff In behalf nf the families of ho
victims of Tlrplu's llhick Friday of
May 7. held together with the fact that
his eon and presumptive, heir, Mr. Mor
timer L. Scblff, Is one of tho lending
spirits of the Nnvat Security League,
can Indeed be taken as n fair Index ,i(
the atr.iui! of th, German American
bourgeoisie. As to the misguiding and
misguided rest, the fear of the trcaiam
paragraph and nf the commercial boy.
cott .1 1'Anglalse will have exerted upon
th' m the ii. eeis irv soothing effect, even
before t'te ..rrlval of Germany's com
merit on I': is. dent Wilson's catechism ut
International ethics upon and below tile
sea.
And nn : to the monument Itself. Whv
could the artist not faithfully reproduce
theieoii the unfni lunate ships and In
scribe the names of all the victims of
Neptune and the Great Admiral of he
German -tuvy? And why not the medal
lions of .lohii .la.-ob Astor and Alfred
G. V.irnlerbtlt, nf Isldor Straus and bis
wife, of Charles 1'rohman, the capta'ns
aed principal olll.-ers of the ships, in
brief, of nil those who through their
nobln behavior lu the supreme hour nf
their lives hive left an undying Usnn
for the present and the grnerntlrens to
come? And why not. finally, the last
authentic messages nf the noble It, roes
In chill i diess" H is riot Vnriderhllt'a
"Let us save the kiddles tlrt" the s.vtio
sublime ting as .lesus's analogous Im
mortal word of love" Istnort Sinuer.
New Yoiik, May 10.
linns schmhll.
To Tnr ni'iToii or Tub Si's .tr- Whnt
bus be. one nf Hans Schmidt, the con
vb'led murderer?
llfinarUe nre pisMni- around tn the ef.
feu that Ills semi nee has been commuted
In llfM l,ii,irlsi.,o,i,iil tti.il I. U . .......
.iraoll,, i,, ,h. Governor, or tlmi his
,, ,,p ,,,, n,
, ,, pi.plr ,. rurKnll. w b(.
r(.i,,,,,.,
, N-' ,,,;, m,lny nf
nu. ,,....ir r-nl,l v..
' niniiiiii
"' I""' '".'n- "I nils esse tlirollKl!
the loliiinns nf Tm: His.
, ,, .
1M vim il I li, N .1.. May IsTrsrsTro.
-
The case nf Hans Schmidt Is still nn
ntme.'.l in the Court of Ant.e.iU
Schmhll Is In Sing Sing A mntlnn
was made last Monday by tho District
Attorney nf New York county to dis
miss the appeal and ntllrio the convic
tne fan ili.il his .oinisei has be.,, ,,.re.
"'V' !" '"' "PPC.il as pie -
tion wiinoiit argument, nising t nn
si nned b) in vv
notion was set fnr
Argument on this
nrxt Monday
I. o eener.il antlnatbv a line of stands erected
15,000 GUARDSMEN
TO GIVE EXHIBITION
Gen. O'Rynn I'liins Win
Demons, nil ion Here un
SVpteinlici'
WANTS TO SHOW '
Tho suggestion The S, v
would ho a good .dvrrlls. nif i
srmy If the public (ould tee t
enmnoaerl nf r.f.nt.,,,.,... ,.e
ii
M OS
"i""'""" a i . (ft
the service In notion brings fteo, ,(,f
0n. O'ltyan of tho National i ,r
New rork n statement tint
tlons am now being mail f ir
Pir(.
v 1
. U t I & - . ... . I. .
.must iimou i,ir nn me siiKesriutl toil l,s,
the State militiamen The gtn-1 of tv ,
Stnte. constituting the sixth ,1 , 0,
the United States nrmv. vvl.l ,,r
blllsed nt tan Corthndr l'i t , , svp.
tember 25 for the purpose if. lt
demonstration to the ptibl.c 1 1 u , ,i
tactical division looks I e tt
equipped for field service
It should be explained tl ,i no.
country the term "arm
limited to tho so-called regilii. tv
active army of the t'nlted St.r,
bio under existing pirns , f
Dopnrtmcnt, Is n first line c .rs
four regular divisions and twib
divisions. Hach illusion is !
22,000 men nt war strength r
e V ,
it o'
in 'it
- d t,
of 3f2,000 men for the s xlfe- d v
These, with the so-called iimy cis,
meaning recruit depots, si rv ,r,
and heavy field nrtlllerv. ,) P
stltuln In round numbers an v
(00,000 men,
In n general way It Is reibrei o-,t
the efficiency of the sixth d n
higher than any other of t ie ,
divisions, but It may not b, t,' u
to the public that New V s'
has completed the org.inlz.it. , ,,f t
the units constituting a ta ii ,1
vision and that the division -nt'oi
anil training has proceed, d Ir g "i.
last three years In su.'li ma a.
this division is In fact a mli 'ar m,
chine with tTio officers sch , : I .,- in.
structed not only In the . l.i '
their own arm, but also in n. .1. .
and obligations of that arm to ".
fnntry, which Is tin backbone m ! ns
strength of un nrmy.
in.nno .Mi-n to TiiKi- I'nrt.
Now It Is to show the , i' I , " .
very things, that Major-Cen uib.s,
planned the mobilization for - v Sep
tember. About IS.flOti men w ' -part.
They will tm In Ibid sr-r e .
form with full field equipment
fantry accompanied In thel
gun companies, combat wign -regimental
trains
The demonstration will be a vt
Into two periods During f, n .
period the division will 11 1 i-- , "
conduct of the march nf a t - -
, romnalirn
It will be mob I ed v
rly hou,- north of Van foul
" . . ,
I am' 'ho march will be from 'b
- eil'l ui win parane j;hiii,i 'ii
pany.
The distance and Intervals
units of the advance cu.i i
courso be reduced for purp, ,s e
t ration and by reason of : .
terrain available, but t'o- m ,
which the advance moves
division supports tbe oth.r ,v
tact Is made, how pitro'..
to drive In the eniniv's p,:
observe the etiem's nu. , i
how cnmmunlc itlon Is mi '
twecn subdivisions of Cie , 1
and between the ndv.ui,'
rnander and the man i 1
Illustrated.
Following the ndvn'n ci ' '
the main body of t 'e ,! v -of
eight regiments nt pf,
combat trains, el,v,' ,t'
i artillery, three cn'in, n . -'
a battalion of inn
battalions, field hosi i - i
rompinles, all folium d i
trains with their ti.i n .
Kihlhltliins ut It .ii I U nt'k.
For the aft,: "I'l t" ' '
ground will be apo rt1 .
squares and nfter n nn i -. -of
these squill es w . ', 1 ,
various aims nf the si n
give hlmilltaneoiis.v , s
technique nf t'teli ,,w
ample In one square i c
fantry will give a ' i
phvslcnl drill, Jiit i
at Wist Point It -
half nf scviral i bimh i.t -that
their skill in i ;
these i'ercises N e
the country except n r , v
emy. In nnot!, et -'ti '
bnttii'ion will give a i, ,
close order drill, win'
. p inv of infantry w ,l''i-'
nlcal mechanism of ' ''
bit.
I A third square wif
' squadron of cav al' v
evolutions preser.bi ,1 '
drill ' i eolations It, '
a battery of light i"
1 the mobility of the m,, .,
material and the ru : ,'
new tht en m il r.i, i '
which it Is a' on d 1
the New Yo It .1 1 v -
with the latest model i
enll. field nrtlllerv. g n
A pioneer lump u w
plode land mines ' '
trenches from ass t , t
, throw and explode hit
with thn new and i""V'
Invented by Cipt V
New York Corp
known ns ' tmtol ' T
will illiistrat.' t
ii wireless station m
communication , ,-i ,
j points. The us,' n '
' plmre, Hag sign ils i'
I be detuoustliited.
I l-rer Urn ol s, i -
I Kvriy arm of i .
I slmvv n in act loi' '
' ambulance cmp n
dressing stations ,
tj pes of wound i' 1 '
, Injured . the th Id
, their field hnspll il w
I room nnd also t , '
reception, care ai d ' ' '
I wnundi d ; the lb Id ! ,
slon will give a il n ..
,n,. ., i, n.l.l ,' , ,
V, "' ','. ' ' , ,
lng bt'iuil for' th t'o.
, rllimt h, ,
wagon cninpan'.s
I wagons each, will I '
. of movement and ,1'
person net of the vv ig
The mere movem,
from Ihe'r various
large forces wll'i t .
equipment anil cm ,'
, j,,',,,,,' ',.
'proh "'I a.
to the '' 'ii' ent i
i portuii'.tv to I
I mnti" C r'
I strate Un i ff