The sun. [volume], August 01, 1915, Page 3, Image 3

About The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916

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THE SUN, SUNDAY, AUGUST 1, 1915.
EVERY BRITON,
RICH OR POOR, TO
BEAR WAR COST
Ciiliincl Plans Extension of In
coino. Tax and Increase
of the Kate.
co.Mpn.sonT service
AN ACUTE ISSUE NOW
A YEAR OF WAR
Sow la the moment to strain our eyes
and, look buck a year through tho bat
tlu smoke. It Is the last day of peace
Iti Kurope. The time limit of the tier-
From The livening Sun of yesterday.
Merlin. And If the Teutons seek to con
quer Poland at this moment, ond at tho
cost of cruel losses to their diminished
numbers, It Is not so much for the con
.,' 1 fiiMe Pttpatch to This Set.
Ii.vdon, July 31. Many matters of
Tltil Importance In comlnR legislation
still be taken up by the Cabinet during
the Parliamentary recess. The Cabinet
still hoM weekly meetings and Important
Ministerial committees will be formed to
discuss various questions which are to
lc thrashed out.
The most ImjiortniU of the present
Ministerial projects In tho opinion of the
Cabinet Is that relating to tho new taxa
tion bill to be Introduced early In the
fall to help cover the enormous cost of
the war. Respecting this matter the
Chancellor of the Kxchequer, Reginald
McKenna, has been holding frequent
conferences with, leading financial au
thorities. Tho Premier nlso Is devoting
special uttentlon to the subject.
It Is apparent that the changes In the
Income tax arc going to be most drastic.
The schemo In Its wider aspects Is to
Jowcr considerably tho Income lovel at
sh)eh tho tax begins, the Idea being to
Include among tho contributors largo
todies of worklngmcn as well as the
manufacturers who are making large
fronts out of the war. The Incomes for
tho year before the war and for tho
first year of the wur will be compared,
end the Increases, no matter If they aro
tialf as much again, will be taken In by
the Government by the new taxation.
Increase In Ti Itate.
Finally, It Is likely that a big Increase
lll be made In tho Income tax rate.
The Minister of Munitions, David
l.loyd George, still has the greatest task
cf the Cabinet. Perhaps the most urgent
sork to which ha Is devoting himself Is
the erection of national shell factories
for a new nnd mysterious scheme to
which he made reference In tho IIouso
of Commons on Thursday.
Mr. Lloyd George Is still encounter
ing a great many dltllcultlcs In the
administration of his department, some
of which might be cased If certain large
manufacturing firms possessed a little
more patience and realized the Im
mensity of the problem tho Minister Is
trying to solve.
Walter l.ong. President of the Local
Government Hoard, has his time occu
pid In arrangements for the national
register and Is especially busy, us the
Government Insists on resultH from this
undertaking at the earliest possible date.
It Is known that Mr. Long is evolving
schemes of his own. dependent on the
national register, which have not yet
won tul lapproval of tho Cabinet. Tho
most notablo of his proposals Is the
formation of commltees In every county
council throughout the kingdom, which
shall be In possession of the full reg
ister for their respective counties und
be able to act as authorities for the
transfer of labor.
with allowance for the wounded who
recover nnd return, has run between
three nnd four hundred thousand on
cither side.
This wastage has seriously nffoctcd
the German predominance over the
western fraction of the allied force.
It has been the lot of Germany to
maintain the offensive unceasingly. The
offensive Is costly In men. Klght In
all of tho Herman offensives thus far
carried out ftavo failed. Failure Is ex
ceedingly costly In men. In the west,
moreover, the German arms suffer
through tho superiority of the French
artillery. It Is natural therefore to con
clude that tho Germans have lost more
heavily than their opponents here In
killed and wounded. Austria for her
part has suffered three military dis
asters, those of Lembcrg, of the Ser
bian campaign and of Pricmysl. In ad
dition to the killed and wounded ah
has lost whole armies of prisoners.
Tho prospective full lighting strength
of Germany nnd Austria, leaving out
losses, was about 7,500,000 men, two
thirds of them Germans. Permanent
loss amounting to 1,800,000 men for the
Germans and half as much for their
nlly reduces the actual full fighting force
to 4,800,000 men. In tho west the French
forces have been reduced from an availa
ble total of some 4.000.000 men to an
and j actual total of perhaps 3,000,000. but
the ilrltlsh total nas not yet ncen piac-eci
In tho field. The west now therefore
opposes the Teutons with some 3,600,
000 men nctually available for use In
v. . n t . ii.tiut. nnd TlAlr-tcina Included.
run against the French forts on the tent that cooperation hat. been next tol The proportion Is three to four, where
vMiiiii uururr nnu me rrcnen cnanccs impossilile. Just ns In the opening but for war's losses It would bo scarcely
man ultimatum to Russia Is expiring. quest of Hussla as for their own preser
vation. With the yenr 1914 died out all
Teutonic hopo of sweeping victory.
Poland Is needed that the Teutonic
allies may build up In the cast, as they
have In the west, a Chinese wall of de
fence, a wall of tho shortest possible
extent, bordered with rivers and fort
resses and deeply scored with trenches.
As against tho thirteen Teutonic of
fensives the Allies have but six times
In the year taken tho Initiative, or. If we
count the land operations at the Darda
nelles, now In progress, seven times In
all. The Ilrltlsh have twice failed In
the nnval attack on tho Dardanelles and
at Neuve Chapellc. The French failed
In their only major operation, the early
Invasion of Alsace, and have since con
tented themselves with minor enterprises
never Involving more than two army
corps at ono time or spot. The Italians
havo Imitated tho policy of the French
command during their recent and still
brief participation In tho war. The Rus
sians alone have extensively Imitated
tho German technique of Initiative. They
havo thrice dealt blows at their opponents
instead or waiting to receive them. Onco
at the outset. In East Prussia, they were
ueieated! twice, at Lemberg
Percmysl. they won.
Russia and the Alll In tli. wont
have evidently chosen different methods
Russia's answer to tho ultimatum Is an
order of general mobilization. To-morrow
Germany will declare war on Rus
sia. The four chief nations of the Con
tinent will bo arming for tho conflict be
fore them: Germany and Austria-Hungary
on tho one side, Russia and her
ally, France, on tho other.
There Is no secret about Teutonic pre
paredness. On tho part of the Germans
and their tributaries Intense preparation
has been under way slnco tho end of the
Kalkuti wars. A war tax of staggering
I proportions has supplied Germany with
the sinews for tho crowning effort In
her nmlbtlon to domlnato Kurope.
France has made eomo effort to keep
pace with the German preparations,
though bulked, It Is true, by polltllcans.
While Franco und Russia have both In
ci cased their standing armies, the ad
vantage In preparations rests nil with
the Teutons. A second Invasion of
Frnnce, an effort to repeat tho triumphs
of 1870, Is certain. Germany Intends to
crush each of her opponents In turn:
Frnnce In September, Russia in October.
Can she do It7
No one seeks to conjecture further
than that. Tho burning question Is
whither Franco can withstand tho first
rresn unslaught of her ancient enemy,
Germany observes solemn pledges and , of flehtln tna.-i th.- v,. u.. m
respects llelglum, then the Invasion must lng separate wars; separate to the ex-
are good. If Germany violates the sane-1 phase of the war In the outlook visible
tlty of her own word and with It Uel-ion that vivid day a year ago German
glnn territory to sweep down on the
lightly guarded French north, then
Paris Is Indeed In terrible danger.
Far off as this all seems from us to
day, It pays to recall IL The memory
yields a realization of how much en
sanguined water has flowed under the
bridge since then. Paris is safe, France
likewise, exc pt for a small area seized
In the first German rush before the de
cisive battle of the Marne. Warsaw, the
Russian lane point thrust toward Her
llu, Is nt last, but too late to avail, being
wiested from Russian hands. The Ger
mans have llelglum. and with It tho ac
tlvo hostility of Hrltjjln, which has cost
them tho sea und tltS greater part of
their colonies.
If tho Issue a year ago was the ex
istence of France and the continuance of
Russia as a Kuropean Power, It Is now
rather the life of the German empire, of
the Atistro-Hungarlan monarchy and of
preparedness loomed up as the dominant
factor, now the ruling factor In the
Teutonic situation Is the central position
of the two Germanic empires. They can
turn from west to east, from cast to
west alternately and deal blows with
united forces ngalnst their Isolated op
ponents. By this process they have for
months offset their Inferiority In num
bers, since they have been superior In
numbers potentially at all times to their
opponents on either front.
Acting to tako advantage of their
position, Germans and Austrlans havo
for months endeavored to single out and
defoat one of their antagonists. They
have selected the most dangerous, :is it
seemed to them, because the greatest,
and yet the most vulnerable, because
the most Isolated. Russia. Un In the
end of November In the great operations
which we have enumerated the Teutons
dellvere-l five great attacks In the west
the alliance that for a generation has iCrn theatre and but two against Hussla;
made them one. The war Is still a flght I since then they have delivered no attack
for life, but tho llfo nt stake to-day Is jof the first Importance against the west.
mat or in aggressors or a ycir ago. wnne tney nave launched nvc attacks on
hurop;, tho Kurope we know, that of I Russia. In self-defence one must em
Raman traditions, the culture of school- Ploy ammunition. Twice after Novem
man and Rcnulssanco, the home of na-ber Russian ammunition threw back the
tlonallsm and the birthplace of modern assaults In tho east. Thereafter It ran
democracy. Is saved. The winnings and snrt. The Teutonic advances on
teachings of the militarist Frederick the I eremysi und on I-emberg were not
Great are nt last In their turn nt stake, seriously contested. They could not be.
Tho breeding place of Nletzscheunlsm The- whole of Gallcla wiu yielded by
nnd Kultur. the great conglomerate of ""ami. Warsaw likewise, tnat the Rus
Prussian leaders, German auxiliaries and
unwilling Slavic subjects Is lighting for
existence.
The boot Is now definitely on the other
foot. Tho Teutons ure no lcn-Rer in n
position to menace tho existence of their
opponents, but are rather In the nees
slan armies might retire unbroken and
oblrte their time.
However much the united situation
of the central monarchies has helped
them in the fust year of w-ar. the ad
two or three. Here, moreover, enters a
new factor In the form of 1.000.000 Ital
ian troops on the nllled side. The fresh
accession to tho alliance, brings num
bers In the west within n w hundred
thousand of the total Teutonic force re
maining. The eventual addition of sev
eral bundled thousand Ilrltlsh recruits
wilt later give the Allies an actual pre
ponderance on the western front over the
entire Teutonic force, with Isolated Rus
sia left out of the reckoning. Thus as
the year ends does the great Teutonic
advantage of superiority on any given
front waste uwuy. It Is terrible but true
that tho sheer bloodshed of the past
months has done more than aught else
to mature the tlmo of tho war's de
To go back to the strange comparison
of to-day with a year ago to-day, one of
the unexpected developments Is the ap
parent lethargy of the combatants In the
west. It secm at nrst utterly 10 news
tho fervor and superb passion of the call
to arms. In reality It belles nothing. The
villi r.uiHon that almost resembles slum
ber Is us much a part of military need
for the opponents now as was the onrush
then. The Allies In the west will spend
no great force on a major attack where
they have seen two attacKS Tail lor any
one success, and where they are never
theless certain of gaining by waiting the
necessary superiority of numbers for
victory in the end. Thoy Mde their time
ah tlirv have d.ir.e for many months,
seeking only such minor and local suc
cesses as may open the breach, at Sou-
chez or at Aprcmont, for an eventual
attack ution tho Teutonic lines. On the
Italian front the Austrian defence gives
of lucking tnc numners
WARNING!
Patrons of White Rock Water are respectfully requested
to beware of imitations of
MikRock
Water X
Every trade mark favored by the American public must
at times suffer from pirates who imitate and White Rock
is no exception. . The American public is cautioned to
be sure that it is, when ordered
WikKocK
f"The World's Be$t Table Wafer" V
mildly alkaline, fresh from the spring at Waukesha,Wis.
WHITE ROCK MINERAL SPRINGS CO.
100 BROADWAY, N. Y.
NEW BILL IN NEW HAVEN SUIT.
Minority Stockholder Amend Com
plain! In 102,000,000 Action.
Hobton, July 31. A supplementary
bill to the Sherman L. Whipple suit,
GEN. TRACY SERIOUSLY ILL.
Former Secretary of the Sr Sof
ter Paralytic Stroke.
Gen. Benjamin F. Tracy, who was
Secretary of tho Navy under President
Harrison and Is known ns tho "founder brought on behalf of Ralph S. JJartlett
of the fighting navy," Is seriously 111 at and other minority stockholders of th
his home, 14 East Sixtieth street. He Ncw Haven railroad against directors
suffered a paralyUo stroke wo wkogo corporation who served between
and has fa led quite rapidly since. In ,.,.,.
spite of his age. however he Is In his 1903 and 1909, has been filed In tho
elihtv-nfth venr a slight Improvement Supreme Judicial Court. Th amount
was announced last night by his phy. involved Is 102,000,000.
siclan. ur. r.. x: snr.i . "l The defendants are William Rocke-Scventy-fourth
street The nnnounce- '
nent was authorized by Gen. Tracy's feller, Charles M. Pratt, Lewis Cass
daughter, Mrs. Ferdinand Wllmerdlng. Ledyard and Georgo McCullough Miller
who Is taking care of him. aen. rracy of New Yor); jnmes S. Hemingway, A.
sunerect imi..., tt.n,nn Iloherlson a.n.1 Frederick
ago, was tne pnysician s report, mm
has been losing strength slowly, but
there seems to be no Immediate danger."
Gen. Tracy was Injured In an auto
mobile nccldcnt on Decoration Day while
on his way to review the G. A. R. parade
In Brooklyn, and his neam nas raneci
Rrcwster of New Haven ; Charles F.
Hrooker of Ansonla, D. Newton Barney
of Farmington, James K. Klton of
Wuterbury and Henry A. Mcllarg of
Stamford. Robert V. Taft of Provl-
since that day. Tho shafts of a pedler's lcnce, William Skinner of Holyoke nnd
wagon crashed through tho winnow or Charles s, Mellen of Stockbrldge.
The GVaintedV but Insisted' on rcl The amended bill Is designed to meet
vlowlnir the narade after his Injuries the objections discussed by the court
were treated at the Hanover Club. Later n the opinion which was written by
hs had to be taken home.
Gen. Tracy has been a prominent law
yer associated In nn advisory capacity
with Coudert Bros., at 2 Rector street
CARRIES PAPER FOR GERARD.
Ambassador's Seerrlnry on the
Way In Herlln From WituhliiKlon.
Chief Justice Rugg.
TY COBB ANSWERS PELL SUIT,
OWEN JOHNSON SURE
OF FRENCH TRIUMPH
Novelist Returns After Visit-
inp; Front nnd Talking With
Army Chiefs.
!n Cotton Win ItnnRht for Hint
Without Instructions.
All 3Ilnlter Ilusy.
The Immense volume of work that
will havo to bo done by tho Ministers
m tho head of the nrmy and navy, the
Fotelgn Olllcc, the India Ofllce and tho
Colonial Department Is fully apparent.
The Irish and Scottish Secretaries who '
administer the Government war schemes
In their retpectlvo areas are nlso very
busy.
Walter Runclmnn, President of the
Hoard of Trade, Is giving active assist
ance to Lloyd George, whllo finally
there Is the very grave subject of com
pulsory service which Is to be tho sub
ject of a full discussion by the Min
isters during tho recess. It may be
said. In this connection, that an In
treaslnc number of Ministers believe
compulsion is now Inevitable, and there
! no doubt that Parliament will ex
pect a strong lead on this subject when
it reassembles. .
glens even now
vantage thus derived Is rapidly leav- for a bare resistance against tho cautious
lng them ns the year closes, even Italian pressure.
slty to defend their own. How this has whllo they gain the coveted key to i When Germany a year ago let loose
" - .. . ..... ..... . 1 ... . . 'i ,.na liu1.,l,,,n nri.tM.f n.1 nnh'
cunie hdoui win reaimy appear irom a eastern tront. nere appears tne llu,Ji'a vtl ".. ,-. - -
influence of nn element In the war I "V nation s Drosen wur .. w.e .euwi.r
which Is but beginning to assume Its , P-'d for their act by the loss of the "
due importance, an element that was, "'J bX .J"' act ve ''Vn..t m ,.h
nil twelve months ago and that nuy " "TlU 'S vv?th reel
be paramount before peace Is signed. 1 l r;"?c "t.of. ? ?J .,;!L
In the first days of the war the world I ' "' rZ" dI
jr the news that thousands pratPl.. , ought to break down her en
..ermtn troops had fallen . ' .: i,. in.., ., ih. ,,ih.r. lie
before Liege. That slaughter as It ,.,...., ,., fr. iid endurance of a
then seemed appears a mere pinprick ....,- uhlrh has thrut Itself Into a
compared with the casualty lists that nct, with every struggle Germany ts
nave miiowen. r.very army in me neni now. losing strength nnu using up mate
has been decimated by fatalities and rj,, no longer easy to replenish. A year
tnrice uecimateti ny losrcs not mortal, ago It was : "How long can i-ranee noio
For each million of men engaged dur- out?"' Now It Is: "How long can Ger-
Ing the past jear the wastage, even I many hold out?
SOLVES OLD DISEASE MYSTERY.
of
Ilrltlsh Officer Finds Cnnse
1,0(10 Yenr .Scotirue.
fptciat CabU Dtspalch to This Sex.
Lon"OK, July 31. Llcut-Col. Lelper
Cf the Ixndon School of Tropical Medi
cine has Just returned frm Egypt, where
had been investigating bllharzlosls,
and has communicated nn Important
discovery respecting this disease to
the Royal Society of Medicine.
The disease, which has been a scourge
to the Nile delta for thousands of years
as been discovered to have been the
cauie of death In mummlcfl dating back
to 2,000 II. C.
In his report Col. Lelper cited a vll.
luce where 90 per cent, of the children
rre Infected. It has long been known
that tho disease was transmitted by
ter, but the life and history of tho
I'jraslto havo remained unestabllshed.
It ha been discovered that the dls
ie Is started In a worm which lives
1' the human body. The eggs of this
Ttirm pass from the body Into canals
nnd pools, where they enter mollusa
nnd there undergo certain evolutions.
Tho emerge from the molluss In a
form enabjlng them to enter tho human
nly through tho skin. In this way
the disease Is commonly contracted
hlU bathing and waslilng.
Col. Lelper contends that the disease
can be exterminated by filling the pools
luring tho dry season.
BUNK BY NEW TORPEDO BOATS.
Crew of Wrecked Danish Vessel
Describe German Attackers.
Lo.vpo.v, July 31. Tho Danish steam
fMp Noglll, sunk In tho North Sea on
July 27, was attacked by a squadron of
flfrm.-in torpedo boats, and not by a eub
marlno ns at first supposed.
Tho crow testified to this fact to-day
r.t th Maritime Court In Copenhagen.
The squadron cornlstod of eight ships of
s new type, 327 feet Inns nnd mounting
t 'Jr 8.K centimeter guns. The. squadron
'as returning, It was said, from n ten
tas cruise In tho North Sea.
SAY TURKS' MORALE IS SHAKEN
Refngees Report Mutiny nnd Kill
ing of German Officers.
Special CabU Detpalch to Tut Sis.
JtosiK, July 31. Refugees arriving et
"tanla from the Levnnt confirm pre
lou reports that tho Turkish forces on
" Uilllpoll peninsula are generelly dls
mnlzed and discontented. They say
hit Arab regiments thero recently rou
t.nled and killed their Gorman officers.
Munitions aro said to bo very scarce.
"r pasha Is urging the troops to
flM4 out for another month until the
rmais can crush the Russians and
" ma to the Dardanelles.
consideration of the year's developments.
Tw-lve months have seen In the Kuro
poan theatre of wur eighteen great mili
tary enterprises undertaken.
In August the French Invasion of
Alsacc-I.ornilne, begun in the apparent
belief that the Germans could not or
would not cross Into France through
Belgium, resulted In failure. In the
same month the German rush through
Belgium and over the Sambre yielded
complete success, thanks to the Germans
having Invented new cannon and a new
technique for tho annihilation of tho
Bellgan and French fortresses. As a
sequel the Germans easily gnlned tho
only substantial advantage which they
still hold possession of almost all Bel
gium and of the French northern border
with Its half dozen Industrial cities.
The third prime military enterprise
of tho war, the Russian Invasion of
Kast Prussia, met with disaster In the
defeat of Allensteln or Ortelsburg at
the end of August. The fourth, an Aus.
trlan Invasion of southern IVIand, was
broken nt tho same moment nt Tornow.
September saw the fifth great venture.
nnd the greatest of all. end in falluro
when the supreme Germu'n advance on
Paris and the French line east of It
was driven back along Its whole extent.
In thy same month the Russlnn attack
In Gallcla, the sixth enterprise of the
war, made the Czar master of Lemberg.
October brought success to the uer
mans In their attack upon Antwerp,
seventh of the great war operations
In the eighth, the attack on Warsaw
via the Valley of the Plllca. the Austro
Germans failed. The ninth scene of
the military drama closed October with
a Gorman attempt to break the allied
lines on the Yser and reach the British
Channel, which resulted In failure.
With November came a second and
separate German attempt to reach tho
Channel, this time via Vpres. This, the
tenth of the great war operations, failed
like Its predecessor.
The cloventh expedition, a German of
fensive against Warsaw via Lodz,
yielded the Germans a baro tactical vie
tory without military advantage, it
was halted at tho Ilzura trenches, and
must count as a failure In Its Influence
on the course of the war. Potlorek's
Austrian Invasion of Serbia, tho twelfth
war enterprise, failed disastrously.
Tho Iato winter saw tho renewal of
military activity In February with a
German attack on Warsaw from the
north. This, the thirteenth great pas
sage at arms, yielded the Germans noth
ing. In March the fourteenth attempt,
that of the British at Neuve Chapellc,
though undertaken on a major scale,
failed to yield more than a alight local
advantage and was strategically a com
plete defeat. The British naval attack,'
with the cooperation of French warships.
In the Dardanelles brought tho fifteenth
groat war enterprise to naught In the
same month. The olxteenth operation,
the Russlnn siege of Peremysl, scored a
brief success. In May and Juno an
Austro-Gcrman force, retaking Peremysl
and Lemborg from tho Russians, won
victory for the Teutons In tho seven
teenth and eighteenth of the major oper
ations. An Austro-German enveloping
attack on Warsaw, nineteenth In the
series of military ovents and fifth of
the attempts on tho Polish capital. Is
about to give the Teutons a tardy mas
tery on tho eastern front
It win bo found from this brief in
ventory of events In the field that of
nineteen attempts seven nave succeeded
and twelve have failed. This would In
dicate tho character of tho war: one In
which the chances are distinctly against
the sldo taking the Initiative, distinctly
favorable to tho aide restricting Itself to
defence. It appears from the list that
Germany w th or without Austrian aid
has attacked eleven times, and Austria
alone twice, or these thirteen Teutonic
efforts but five have resulted In success.
Two of those five triumphs, thoso at
Peremysl and at Lemberg, only regain
what was previously lost to itussla. in
other words, to read tho record of tho
field alone, the sole net success of tho
Toutons In fwelvo months, cava the
overrunning of Belgium and northern
Franca and the reduction of Antwerp,
fruit of the Initial Teuton treachery,
comes with tho reduction of Warsaw
nnd the Russian offensive after a year
of costly effort.
Gone are tho hopes of dictating peace
In Paris. Instead of threatening Moo
cow, the Teutons are stin operating about
Warsaw, less near to Moscow thn to
WANTS ALL COTTON i NAVY ACTS TO CALL
MADE CONTRABAND ! RETIRED MEN TO DUTY
Ty Cobb, who was sued recently by
the "Guaranty Trust Company as trustee
fur th lmnknmt hrnkeraee firm nf S.
G. W. Mlnot secretary to Ambassador ii. p. lyi! Co.. for S2.43: due on cotton
Gerard at Berlin, Is a pas-enger on the speculation, filed his answer yesterday
American liner Philadelphia, which through Murphy & Fultz, attorneys for
sailed at noon yesterday. He carries a
document from the State Department In
Washington to bo delivered to the Am
bassador. The Philadelphia has a
large genernl cargo but no war supplies.
The Italian liner America sailed yes'
the Baseball Platers Fraternity,
Cobb says that on July 38, 1914,
after the brokers had demanded ad
ditional margins of j:,00, he sent them
,i check for $ 1 . S 2 ." and nsked their ad
vice concerning the best month In which
Owen Johnson returned Friday on the
French liner Chicago from several
weeks spent In France, convinced that
France Is going to win the war. He
bases his belief on observation and on
several Interviews with army chiefs. He
Is, so far, the only civilian who has
been accorded a long Interview with Gen.
Joffre. In addition he talked with Presi
dent Polncare, Minister of Foreign Af
fairs Delcasse, Arlstlde Brland, Paul
Deschanel, Denya Cochin, Albeit Thomas,
the Socialist, who Is Minister of Mu
nitions; I,ouls Barthou, the author of
tho law of three years service which Is
tho basis of the present French military
system; Gabriel Hanotaux, the cele
brated historian; Stephen Plchon, for
mer Minister of Foreign Affairs, and
Gen. Galllenl, the defender of Paris.
Moreover. Mr, Johnson talked with
Deputies, Ministers and Journalists. Rut
the most essential part of his Informa
tion was that which he gained through
visiting and talking to people related
more to the everyday aspects of the
war. Mr. Johnson speaks Wench oa
welt as his own tongue, so when he was
taken through the hospitals he talked
with tho wounded soldiers; when he was
on the battle front he talked with tho
fighting men. He found especial In
terest In the reports given by tho eclo
pees, thoso men wounded only enough to
keep them out of lino for short periods,
"Here I got tho true feeling of the
French soldier," said Mr. Johnson yes
terday. 'These men aro anxious to get
back to the front. Not because they
hate the Germans, but because they love
their own cause ; because they feel con
vlnced that It Is a waiting game, and
they want to throw their weight to help
bring about the victory that Is sure t)
bo theirs.
"I went through about twelve of t!ia
ouvrolrs, the- working girls' clubs, where
women have been thrown out of regular
employment by the war work. Kvery
district has a special ouvrolr. Thero
aro about 3 50.000 of these women In
Paris, shopgirls, sewing girls, &c who
formerly made five or six francs a day
and are now cheerfully working for on
franc a day. They do It cheerfully be
cause they too feel that It Is a wilting
game and that when France comes out
victorious they will return to their moro
prosperous Jobs. When I talked with
these girls I realized once again what
kind of a spirit It Is that's going .o
carry France through.
'The work of the Secours Natlonale
Impressed me to the same end. For thu
first time In the history of France all
of her different religious bodies ara
working together the Jewish head
rabbi and the head of the Protestsnt
body are cooperating with the Arch
bishop of Paris ; socialists, Bonapartlsts,
monarchists, republicans have all coma
aB '4aLLLLH
bbbHBbmMH
Kfy,ft'' V:tbbMbMb1
Owen Johnson.
terdav with ten first anil thtrty-elgni to ouy miion. ue emi mui nn..ui m
secon'd cabin passengers. Including scv- Mructloiis from him the brokers bought
eral officers of the Italian army. two contracts for future delivery.
The Saxonla. which arrived yester- "' ntlng to .4U unci $6.JS3 re
day had forty paengers. of whom 1 lctlve!y. and after the Arm went Into
.'fi enro n.t cPabln and twenty-four I ,weresoi!1,l3o .."ih.otn
tnira ciass.
change at a loss.
, Cobb denies that he was responsible
WOMAN FOUND DEAD IN HOME, and asks that the suit against him be
wu. i . .illnnlssed on the ground that the Arm
" I was Insolvent at the time tho cotton
F.nd 1'iinira m!ileiil- to Miss Vlr- futuies were bought.
glliiii AlilrldRe of lliistnn.
Boston, July Sl.-Mls. Virginia C. , R0BS EIGHT AT PISTOL POINT.
Aldrlilce. 45. was found dead to-day on
territory, but to clcvir the country of
the enemy. In general they bear no
great hatred In the poison gas coun
try of course they hato the Germans
In the way yju bate anybody ou can't
trust; they suspect every German no
matter how peaceable hli protestation
and they havo good reason to. But
toward the mass of German soldiery
they bear no rancorous 111 will. They be
lieve that the German ;ollcy of tor.
rorlsm and destruction has been Im
posed on the German soldiers by their
chiefs. France thinks that If, through
Internal clrcumirtances resulting from
this war, Germany should become u le
public the future pc.uo of Kurope will
bo assured ; that Is, the German people
will do away with militarism.
"That Is why Fiance Is willing, eager,
to hava the war continue. Her people
don't wnnt peace jet. They are too In
telligent for that. They are Intelligent
enough, too. to admire the Get man army,
to realize what they're up agalns-t Bui
they ure fighting battles for civilization
If they lose, democracy will bo lost to.
Kurope the German dynastic Ideu of
enslaving the large body of people to ;i
small superior class will rule. France l
lighting, not for power or for territory
but for Ideas. That Is why I'm con;
vlnced fhe will win."
Mr. Johnson's mission to France wtp
not that of the usual correspondent. In
fact, he didn't go as a correspondent.
"I went." ho said, "as a believer In
France. I have lived there, and believe
In the people. I felt their true point of
view was not getting before the public.
I wanted to go and convince myself of
their point of view, and convince them
that they ought to let others know that
point of view."
"The Germans." said Mr. Johnon, In
conclusion, 'mobilized fi. 000.000 men
while the French were mobilizing I.noo,-
000. The French to-day havo roomec.
while the Germans have spent thelis
together to aid the families of soldiers. I The big thing I- o fee which can last
"Everywhere among the. people of i ho longest. And In that the 1 rench are
France I found that same spirit. Soldiers gaining. They take cjro of their men.
I went twice to the front the , do not iquander lives, hold an enormous
wounded, sewing girls, ministers, all ! Bl" In the matter of lives lot and are
voiced the same sentiment: 'We will slowly but surely making gains of tr'
never stop fighting until the Germans rltory.
are out of France, und until tr.cy aro
so completely defeated that the German
nation will understand what this ruinous
militarists theory of expansion really
means.'
"The authorities don't have to lie to
tbn Fronch soldiers or the French peo
ple. All nro ready for the winter cam
lulgn, expect nothing elo and are sit
ting patiently. They realize that thev
must exhaust the enemy camped on their
around
SHELL HITS HOSPITAL.
I', S. Aiiihntnnre Corps MnBJ
w'onniled nnd Orcl;rl Killed.
Pauis. July .11. While the staff of the
American Ambulance Cnip at Pont-a-Moussou
was at dinner tu-clay a shell
fell Into the inessroom of the field bos
nltul The mlvllc nenetrated the floor
The people are willing and the an,i burst In the cellar, killing a French
Washington CorresponiiVnt of Many in Urooklyn (Jot Letters
London "Times'' Snys Grow
ers Would Profit.
From Secretary Daniels
All Heady to Serve.
I
Special Cable Detpateh to Tnr. Sr.
London, July 31. A solution of tho
cotton question In accordance with the
British viewpoint as It affects America
Is not possible, according to the Wash
ington correspondent of the Ixndon
Times, who yesterday cabled a long re
view of the problem.
"If we wcro to establish In each of
tho northern kingdoms," ho writes, "a
single receiving agency which alone
would receive cotton which might be
.nnnlimeil. and If we were to fix defl-
It waa learned yesterday that hun
dreds of retired members of the United
States navy In Brooklyn had received
communications from Secretary Daniels
Inquiring If they would be ablo to do
actlvo duty In caso tho country required
their services. Many of those who ro
celved tho letters nro employed at tho
navy yard. A number have small stores,
whllo others live on their pensions.
Tho envelopes In which the letters
wcro enclosed wore marked "urgent"
and the old seamen were Instructed not
.. . .... V. A knU. , 1, ,1 1 mlirl.t
I1, f.'y:n I' ed we "should go 'some to delay In answering as tho matter was
way toward solving the problem, liven
so we should not bo able to pre
vent all cotton from reaching the enemy.
Nothing can accomplisn mis enci.
Wo control tho highway between
Germany and her source of cotton sup
ply but unless we ruimenmy
all neutral rights we cannot prohibit
cotton from passing along that highway,
and we have no control whatever over
the essential sldo roads leading from the
cotton belts. Whatever our precautions
there Is bound to be somo leakage."
The writer gives several Instances of
British efforts to reduce this leakage to
a minimum, saying that they have made
headway during the lost three months;
but tho process of stopping all holes, ho
says, by means of present measures still
threatens to be a long undertaking
an long Indeed ns the war. Nothing, he
asserts, but speedy and most drastic pro
ium will be of avail.
He contends that by making cotton
contraband Great Britain will be given
a great advantage. Moreover, he holds
such a course would be a more regular
n.i includible nroceedlng.
Bcepectlng the objections offered to
the plan of Duying tne c-iui no uiB
the raising of a special loan In America,
it- to hn drawn UDon against
h eotton nurohases. He says that
aome such expedient Is probably Inovlt
.hi nnd that the sharp American crltl
clem of tho British order In council In
regard to cotton w quuo justinaDie.
nv wove a tangled web for our
hn says! In this connection,
"when we abandoned precedent nnd
established practices for measures that
In point of law are highly vulnerable
net in oolnt of fact are not startltugty
efficacious. To declare cotton contra
band means that It becomes proportion
ately more dtmouVt to defend our order
In council in lia present torni.
it is not lmorobablo that the burial
f filr Fdward Qrey'a reply to tho
Amarlcan nrotoats. the promise of
second note and tho gcneinl belief In
Washington that there will bo a change
In British policy inaicaie inui tne uov
erpment realizes the legal and logical
dilemma that confronts It.
It seems, therefore, not extravagant
to hope that we may before long have
solved the problem as far us It can be
i,oIved by making cotton and Its by
products contraband and by compensat
ing tho American growers by rationing
to the neutral countries a supply of cot.
ton measured by their peace consumption".
the tlixr of the kitchenette In her apirt
ment by the Iceman. It Is believed that
death was due to natural causes but
an autopsy will be performed.
Miss Aldrldge.-who was In the brok
erage business, was a sister of Georgo W,
Aldrldge of Itochester, N. V a leader
In up-State politics, isne came mio pun-
lie notice r Virginia ixive in a aivorce
suit some time ago.
Germany flelses I'ntu nnd I'nns.
Berlin (via Ixindon). July 31, An
order appropriating all supplies of cop-
p.T. brass and nlcKel his neen isstie.1 in
Urondenburg by the military authorities.
Tho order rovers skillets. P"ts and
pans to households. Such article may
b held for the present hut must not be
diseased of or destroyed In the meantime.
Wllllnm . .IneUsnn Arrested After
McnllnK I'nr Knrelnprs.
Nf.i.sonvii.i.k, N. V July 31. William
G. JackHoti of Nelsonville was arrested
to-day after he had held up eight men
with a pistol and robbed them of their
pay envelopes at Dover Plains.
Jackson hid In the brush and watched
the men being paid off by the Harlem
Itallniad paymaster. When the pay
tar pulled out he sprang from his hiding
place and ordered the men to throw
down their money. They obeyed .Hid
Jackson disappeared with $119.
The men llagged a locomotive and
hurrylmr to the station called Contsabli
Boberts. who after a search found Jack-1
son and arrested him.
soldiers are willing they want no other
outcome. They want things settled.
"1 talked to many soldiers. Soldier
I for soldier tho French army Is the finest
in the vvcrld Tl ty are righting, not tor
orderly and slightly wounding un Amer-
lean.
Immediately afterward the staff was
ordered to move further to the rear of
the firing line.
RAID NEAR FIFTH AVENUE.
$181,464 PAID FOR 406 LOTS.
Joseph P. liny Thinks It Wns Bur
tin I ti Hn nt llrlle llurlior.
Joseph P. Day mimum-ed last night
Police Arrest Two In Weal 51st
Mrcet t.nmtilliiK leisure.
Fifth avenue got a shock last night
when at 11 oViockInspeetor Iloland olid i that as a result of the Mist day's auo
a squad of police from the Kast Fifty-I tion sale of lots t Hello Harbor. U I.,
iir.t treet station raided the brownstono I 40(1 lots of the 67? In the tract were, sold
lor a total oi iim.ih, an average or.
$4 47 a lot The prices were regarded as
of "gravo ImiiortancH."
Tho letter points out that "tho Pecre
tary of the Navy is authorized In time
of war or whon In tho belief of the
President war Is threatened to call any
enlisted men on tho retired list Into
active service for such duty as he may
bo ablo to perforin."
Kach retired navy man wns osked to
state the conditions of his health, his
age, his employment, whether he would
be fit for sea or shoro duty, and the
nnmes of tho persons dependent upon
him.
If called upon they shall receive the
sains pay and allowances as when placed
on the rotlred list.
It Is understood that retired men who
are not disabled by ugo or Infirmities
have replied that they are ready nt a
moment's coil for active duty. ,
Charles Crose of 2 Carlton avenue
gives hli retirement from the navy as
thirteen years ngo, has been working In
the hull division of tho Navy Yard. Ho
said i
"I told Secretary Daniels In the letter
I sent him that all he had to say Is 'go,'
and I'll bo on my way,
"I said that the sixty-seven years I am
caning around are not much of a burden
to mo and that I can light still. I have
given forty-three years of my life to the
United States and am ready even to give
my life, If It Is necessary."
POWDER MILL TRAIN WRECKED
Four Injured I Hundred Du Pont
Employees III Danger.
Paw.in, N. J., July 31. Four men
were Injured and nearly ono hundred
passengers were badly shaken up on a
Rarltan River train bound ior the Du
Pont and Union Powder and Gun Cotton
Mills which was aitcneci nore tn-aay,
The 'JiJured are Jeremiah Mlnnlck, en
gineer of the train ; Albert White of
South Amboy. Richard Henderson of
Perth Amboy and Joseph Puskas of
Tottenvllle.
Sunt C. M. Hemmelberger of tho rail
road company said ho waa sure tome
one had wilfully anfl maliciously placed
an obstruction on the rails at a very
dangerous point of the road with the
Idea of wreck ng the train, wiucn carricu
many nowder mill employees. The engine
and one car left the rails nnd crashed I
Into a stone bridge abutment,
The Week in the War.
SUNIUY. July 25. Tim contents of tho third American note to Germany
rccnrdlni: Numunrit.e warfare are published In Berlin. Tho (Jemnm
press urses that It appeal bo illsreKariled entirely, while public opin
ion becomes bitter toward the United States. Germans ure repulsed
in the Vosues on the heights of Metoral. Pultusk falls to the Ten
ton forces driving toworil Warsaw In Poland.
MONDAY, July 26. The Herman irers comment respecting tho Amerl
' can note to (ierninny becomes more bitter. Herman submarines
sink six veMK In the Vonrcs the French rapture a powerful de
fensive work between l.a Fontenrlle and l.aunols The I Senium
envelopment of wuraw draws tighter. Koine hears that Uoritz.
cannot hold out much lonRcr. A diplomatic rupture between Italy
and Turkey Is threatened.
TUESDAY, July 27. The American steamship Lcelanaw Is sunk off the
Orkney Islands by a German submarine, a search havlnc established
that the cutro was contraband. All of the crew Is saved. Iamdon
hears that Warsaw Is to be evacuated by tho Russians. Ulva Is
bombarded by Italian seaplanes. Centum attempts asalnst Han-do-Sapt
fall. Two Turkish Rtuiboats nro sunk in tho Sea of Mar
mora by a Ilrltlsh submarine.
WEDNESDAY, July 28. Tho German forces are held at tho Narew and
tho menaco umilnst Warsaw seems temporarily ubated. German
submarines sink eighteen more ships, including one Danish and one
Norwegian ship. The French capture the summits of I.tnuokopf.
Sehratztnaennele and llarrenkopf. Tho Ilrltlsh casualties to dato
are officially placed at 330,995. The battle of tho Isonzo continues
with Intense fury.
THURSDAY, July 29. The Ilrltlsh Parliament adjourns for n six weeks
vacation. The German attack on Warsaw Is renewed with vigor,
wliile London hears that the Teutonic loss in this campaign has been
300,004) men. Tho Italians inako headway on tho Carso plateau.
Tho Germans attack near Souchez but gain no headway. Rumors
clrculato thut Turkey wants a Feparato peuco.
FRIDAY, July 30, The Russians begin the evacuation of Warsaw, re
treating toward a prepared lino from Kovno through Grodno and
south to Hrest-Litovsk. Tho United States protests to Herlln re
specting tho uso by Germans of forged American passports. The
French make slight gains at LaunoU in tho Vosges. Official an
nouncement in Herlln says that German submarines have sunk to
dato 229 Ilrltlsh ships, 30 ships owned In other belligerent countries
and 33 neutral ships. The Italians capture more Austrian trenches
on the Carso plateau.
SATURDAY, July 31. Pope Benedict issues a letter appealing to all
belligerent nations for peace. Tho evacuation of Warsaw con
tinues, with tho Germans and Austrlans pressing rapidly toward
tho city. It Is reported that 350,000 civilians havo fled tho city.
Moro Austrian trenches on tho Carso plateau fall to tho Italians.
Tho Germans fall to retake llarrenkopf, while tho French perform
extensive aerial raids on Gorman positions from tho North Sea to tho
Vosges. British commentators bellovo that Bulgaria has definitely
thrown in her lot with Germany and Austria.
houso at 25 West Fifty-first street and
emerged later with a mass of alleged
gambling paraphernalia which had been
taken from a room on the second floor
rear
The police say they began to su
pect tho place about thren weeks ago
when It was rented to a mysterious man
n n "private club room." After shadow,
lug It for several nights evidence wis
found which warranted tho raid, It as
said.
Michael Huckley. 38 years old. a
chauffeur, who Bald he leases the houi
i and rents rooms In It, was arrested with
his wife, Mary, on a charge of dis
orderly conduct, Hoth fought the pollco
and tried to prevent the bluecoats from
entering. No other persons were In the
place, but during the time that the
police wero there several automobiles
drew up to the door, and then whon
their occupants learned what had hap
pened sped away. A large crowd from
the neighborhood gathered nbout tho
door
CALL TO INVENTORS GUILD.
Members Asked to Stiff trest Csndl-
dntes for Ilnnlels'a Hoard.
The members of the Inventors Guild
have been asked to send to Thomas
Robins, the secretary, at 13 Park Row.
before Friday next, tho names of
not less than two and not more than
four of their fellow members from whom
they would like to see selected the
guild's two representatives on Secretary
of the Navy Daniels's board for Inven
tions. Br. ndward Weston of Waverly Park,
N. J . the president, will select from
tho list thus secured tho two men who
will fill tho position. An explanatory
letter from Mr. Robins accompanies the
request t members for their votes, say
ing that tho final selection has been left
to the guild's presldont to avoid 'elect
ing some of the men alroady selected to
represent other technical societies.
Australian Trade for V. .
Special Cable Detpatclt to Tin 8sk.
I.onpon, July St. The Times' cor
respondent at Sydney reports that
Australian merchants are greatly dis
appointed over tho lack of effort on the
part of Ilrltlsh manufacturers to re
place German trade In the common
wealth, The florman trade Is being
rapidly and energetically grasped by
American end Japanese Importers.
Killed at Itnllan Front.
UnnvvsTUR, N, Y., July SI. Frank
Potter of Katonah received word from
Florence to-day of the death of his
nephew, Dr, l.anclllot Thompson, for
merly of Katonah, who waa killed in
battle whllo acting ns regimental sur
geon with the Italian army on the Aus
trian frontier.
extrmiely low, .Mr. Iay Mating that so
far as hie experlem. nenl they were tb
lowvst ever obtained ni a public or pri
vate sale of lots of rec'iignlscd quality
When the sale began at '1 n'clix'k yes
terday afternoon morn than l.'.'oo per
sons went clouded Into thu big tent
where Mr. I'.iy presided as auctioneer.
The first lot was sold .'it " :31 P. .M.. and
subsequently .Mr. I.iy worked v.-r
rapidly, selling about eighty-two lots
an hour. At "MB P M u supper recess
was taken and the sale wa icMimed iu
SMT 1'. M, anil lasted until about 11
P. M. The lots not disposed f yctirda.y
will ! auctioned to-morrow at '2 P. M.
AincrnK tho important individual trans
actions of tho ealo wero tho pur.iiao by
Robert iMurpby, a builder, of a block on
the ocean front for JU.uflO nnd tho pur
chase by .1 W. Master,, of a square
block for K.6S5. Mr M iters's. pur
chases totaled SI 4.12.1.
BITES DISABLE BILL SNYDER.
Ilend .oo Keeper XnfTrrlnir With
llnd Cnir of lllood I'olsonlna;,
Head Keeper Hill Snyder of th
Central Park Zoo Is nifferlng with a
hevero case nf blood poisoning In th"
right forearm that has resulted from
the Infection of tho many bites Inflicted
upon him In his tweny years at tho zoo.
Hill tlrst noticed that his arm wns
swelling a few clays ngo and did not
pay attention to li. but It grew lu sirs
at such an alarming rale that he went
to tbn Presbyterian IIospit.il, where the
physicians found It necessary to per.
form an operation.
Hill has not stopped working, however
He saya that even If he wanted to tuks
,i rest he couldn't, for an addition to the
too In tho form of it baby zebra Ih ex
pected at any time and ho wants to be
there to glvH the Infant tho right start
In the world tend count Its stripes.
WOMAN KILLED IN AUTO UPSET,
Aeroplanes Crash I Man Killed,
Paris, July 31. Two French aero
planes flew into collision 30(1 feel above
tho ground mar Charles yesterday and
fell to the ground. One of the aviators,
a your man, waa burned to death, whlla
the othar escaped -with stnrera Injuria.
Others In Mil chine With Miss Jail
Selcller llicesitr.
Miss Julio Soldier, 13 Web.stnr avenns,
Jersey City, was Instantly killed Fri
day afternoon when an automobile In
which she was riding overturned be
tween rUoatsburg and Suffcrn, N. V.
There wero seven others In tho machine,
but thoy escaped Injury.
MIS9 Seldlcr was caught tinier ths
car. A bar struck her on tho head.
She bad been spending her vacation at
Orange, N, J and accompanied her
host and others on an autumobilo trip
through tho Kumapos.
. Miss Heldler was about 60 years oil,
Hho was a daughter of tho late Henry,
and Charlotte Heldler. lier futher was
a well known Hobolcen artist. She was
a niece of former Mayor Charles Sled
ler of Jersey city, who lives nt Uloom
tleld, N, J
Orrmnn ttrnernl Dies of Wonncln,
Amsterdam, via tendon, July 31 -Lieut.
-Qen. von A'os, commander of ic
Q arm in brigade. Is reported dead from
wounda at Mett ,-' -.