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IK nrobJri wage try. renc l nor, lis? t; a p or' AVI CoV on ho ho r Ml had . long iind tt w w 1 H, i if 0 tt 4 v w 12 AND THE NEW YORK HERALD. FOUNDKD 1M3-USJ. NEW YORK. MONDAT, FEU. 2. 1820. TUB BU.V-HKRALD CORPORATION Publishers, HO Broadwty. Frank A. Muniey, President, rnrln Wardman. Vice-president! Wm. T. Dewart. Vlce.pnsldent and Treaaurer; It. 11. Tllherlngtnn, Secretary. NEWSSTAND riUCES. Dally, two tnU m ropy In Neir York rlly "nil mburb and Uire rnl else wlierei tiunday, die cnts e-UenherT, ten nts. MAIL SUBSCRIPTION HATES. East of Mississippi Hirer: Ono Six One Dr Mall, Postpaid. Tear. Months. Month DAILY A SUNDAY .$11 M.0 11.00 DULY 00 , 00 4.10 .It SUNDAY only 4.00 J.2S ,4J 8UNDAY only, Canada 00 3.25 ,J For all polnta writ of th Mississippi niver add It a year for dally or dally and Sunday edition. FORKION HATES. DAILY tt SUNDAY.. J 0O $1J 10 IJ-40 DAILY only 11.00 .00 l.M SUNDAY only J.U M All checks, money orders. c, to be mails payable to The Sun-Herald, European Edition, Published In Paris every day In the year. Trice In I'arla 25 centlmei, dally and Sunday. I'AHIS OFriCE, 4 AVENUE DB L'OPERA. Information concerning advertising rat's for the European Edition may be, obtained from the main New York office. The Associated cress la exeluslvtly en titled to the uae for republication of all liewa despatches credited to It or not otherwise credited In thla paper and aim the local news publlihed herein. All rights of republication of special despatches herein are aio reserved. If our friends who favor ui with manu script and Illustrations for publication wlih o liavo rejected articles re'.urned they must In all caes send stamps for that purpose. MAIN BUSINESS AND EDITORIAL .OF FICES. ISO nnOADWAY. TELEPHONE. WOHTII 10,0K). The Way lo Stu Money and Protect Ourselves From Invasion. No country I safe from enemy In vasion except It Is able successfully to reiel Invasion. No country has any right to drift along without ample equipment to protect Itself ample equipment in man power, In gun iowcr. In naval power and in air iwwer. Since It Is the duty of a country to be prepared the question Is how It may be so prepared at the least possible cot. And the question of cot Just now, with our enormous war debts, Is one which calls for closest consideration, soundest analysis and the application of common sense economies. In view of this situation here is a suggestion which is not without merit. In fact, measured as business men would measure the problem confront ing America In the matter of military protection and the maintenance of national dignity, it has a whole lot of merit. The suggestion Is this: Let the Government straightaway establish eight or ten more West Points for the training of officers and establish two or three more naval schools like An .twpolls. Without an enormous In crease in naval craft we could not use to advantage the same number of naval officers as we can use of military officers. Our country has always been on posed to a large standing army and apparently Is no more Inclined now to enter upon the maintenance of a large standing army than before. But It Is clear to us In this junc ture of domestic and foreign afTalrs that we must either have a large standing army or a large number ef .trained officers, as they are trained at West Point, who can take our militia organizations and our raw man power and on short notice organize them Into efficient lighting forces. If in the war just finished we had had ten times the number of West Point olllcer.s to trnin our men and to handle them In action In France our I'lliclency would have been twenty five per cent, greater aud our loss from sickness and death would have been, perhaps, twenty-five per cent less. If this crocs-lot conclusion as to Increased efficiency and saving In human lives Is approximately correct, then It is an obvious certainty that an Investment In eight or ten more West Points would be eminently wise, eminently practical. But to view It In uiKiher way. Supisise we have no wars, suppose we are not called upon to reiol In vasion; Mippoe we nre not called .pon to maintain the dignity of our position In world contacts, and sun- Ik).m we have no troubles at home, would the money expended on these additional Institution's of learning atn' military training be lost? Certainly it would not be lost. In a perfectly practical sense it would be well worth v the exiiendlttire In the development of so large it number of trained engi neers, trained workers, trained or gaulzers as these institutions would turn out annually. In peace times they would prove n tremendous asset to the country and In times of war tlielr value would be beyond the com- Utitntloii of any living man. Of course this newspaper does not menu to argue that the establishment of these schools would meet the whole problem confronting us of our self- protection, but that they would go far In the matter In the absence of a strong regular army Is certain, nml thai they would ro far In glvlnc char acter and direction and facility to a patched up military force U equally certain, For the measure of money cx-j pended no other device could furnish I this country with so much protection, i mid the bent of It all Is rtiat the grad-i untes of thew? schools would bo a pay-. liiB national Investment. Viscount (irey's Clear Vleiv of America and the Covenant. We do not supimse that Viscount 'chf.y'r bitterest enemy would deny that diplomat a place among the clear est thinkers in ilie world, particularly upon questions of government. The understanding of men's laws and men's political motives has engaged his entire career. It was natural that long ago lie should have studied the Constitution of the United States, which is more easily assimilated than the British Constitution In that It IV a written and comparatively brief document. Ills visit of several months In this country has enabled him to add to his previous knowledge of our governmental system an Intimate ac quaintance with the contllct wlilch has been waged since President Wil son presented to the Senate, for rati fication without change, his Impossi ble covehant. Cnder the circumstance5 It Is Inter esting to see what Viscount Gbey. himself a supporter of the League of Nations, has to say In respect of the opposition which the covenant. In Its Wllsonian form, lias met In the United States; an opposition which has been so misrepresented by the covenant worshiipers that It Is not strange that there, should be misunderstanding In F.uroe as to the facts of the case. Uecosnlzlnc this misunderstanding. Vlconnt (iiir.Y says bluntly : "Let us first set rid of one possible miouhderstandlnB. No charge of bad faith or repudiating slKnaturo can be brought against the action of the United States Senate. Dy the Amer ican Constitution It Is an Independent body, an Independent element In the treaty making power. Ite refu-al to ratify the treaty cannot expose either Itself or the country to a charge of bad faith or repudiation." So much for the Senate's right to stand in the way of a dictatorship. Next let us quote from Vieount O.f.y's succinct relation of the rea sons, sentimental and practical, which have Influenced the I'nlted Stales against the acceptance of Mi. Wil son's covenant : 'There Is In the United States a real conservative feeling for the tra ditional policy, and one of thoe traditions consecrated by the advice of Washington Is to abstain from foreign 'and particularly from Euro pean entanglements, nven for na tions which have been used to Euro pean alliances the League of Nations is felt to be something of a new departure. "This is still more true for the United States, which has hitherto held aloof from all outside alliances. For the League of Nations 19 not merely a plunge' Into the unknown, but a plunge Into something of which historical advice and tradltionj have hitherto positively disapproved. It does not say that it will not m.ke this departure. It recognizes that world conditio have changed, hut it desires time to consider, to feel its way and to act with caution. Hence this desire for some qualification and reservation." .lust as candidly, as lucidly and as calmly the veteran diplomat conies to the most damning Items of the cove nant. Without specifically mention ing Article X. or XL, Viscount Obey writes a true Indictment of the at tempt to transfer from Congress to a supergovernment its constliutlonal power .to declare war: "The American Constitution not only makea possible but under certain con ditions render inevitable b. conflict between Executive and Legislature. It would" be possible, as the covenant of the League of Nation stands, for u President In some future years to commit the United States through the American representative on the Coun cil of the League of Nations to a policy of which tho Legislature at that time might disapprove." This contingency. Viscount Grey hastens to assure his British readers his Illuminating views were expressed in n letter lo the Imdoti Time could not arise la Great Britain, where the jieople nre enabled quickly to decide disputes between the Gov ernment and the House of Commons; Iherefore. he says., there is no need for Britain to ask such reservations as the Senate demands for America : "But In the United States It Is otherwise. The contingency Is with in the region of practical politics. They have reason, and if they so desire the right, to provide against It. Reservations with this object are therefore an Illustration not only of party politics but of a great con stitutional question which constantly arises between the President and the SenatP. and It would be no more fair to label this with the name of party politics than It would be to apply that name to some of the great con stitutional struggles which nrose be tween the House of Commons pnd the executive authority In Great Britain In the days before the ques tion had finally been settled In favor of the House of Commons." There are people who will not en joy the Grey letter. Just ns .Tunkerdom did no: enjoy the cold, clear, honest i -1 THE SUN way In which Ghet Jlialt with the Prussian at the beKlniilnfg of the war. Ills frankness will not he praised In wine quarters of Washington. It will not evoko cheers In the ninks of tiiose Englishmen who believed that Mr. Lloyd fJEOKCE, bringing home the signature of President Wilson to n document which would, If ratified by the Senate, bind us to be policeman and banker In every Old World qmir-jtllg rel, had performed the most useful i diplomatic service for England since Dihrakli'h time. Hut. Obky has told England the truth about America's view of tho covenant nnd both sides of the Atlan tic will bo the better ofT for his habit of honest expression. It would be well to have the Gnngrcsiionnl Record reprint from the esteemed New York Timr. which published it in full, this letier. which was "written as a private citizen" but which reflects tne uucon- iradlctnb conclusions of England s most distinguished diplomat. Finish the Railway Job. Within four weeks the American railway system is scheduled to go back to Its owners. Congress, therefore, Is now on its last lap of the legislation which is Indispensable to save the roads. And saving the roads docs not mean merely snatching them out of the hands of the Sheriff. It means saving them from failure to meet their monthly payrolls. It means saving them from a breakdown which will knock American Industry nnd business galley west and. so doing, take out of the mouths of American workers their bread and butter. Thousands of miles of our railroads are dead broke in spite of the guar anteed rental they are now getting from the Government. Tens of thou sands of miles of our railroads would be dead broke without tho Govern mental rental. The reason Is that the railroads of the United States, the tdg aud the little, the good, bad and Indifferent, are being eaten alive by their operating expenses. If the roads stayed In the hands of the Government the colossal deficits they are now piling up would burst even the United States Treasury un less Congress resorted to new tax ation. This country is done with higher taxes. So it must be higher traffic rates. Government operation or private operation, there is no get ting away from the higher rates if the national transportation system is to lie saved. Pending a carefully worked out pro gramme for the permanent salvation of the roads Congress must make pro vision for more railway revenues. The relief mut be adequate, so that the carriers can live and the public be served. It must be prompt, so that the railway executives can prepare in time for what they have to do when the roads so back In less than four weeks. Congress is lingering on the job. Finish it: The Kind of Urgent for the Legisla ture to Choose. An imixirtant act which the legis lature is about to perform Is the selec tion of a member of the Hoard of Itegents in place oCAiiram I. Klkus. now on the Court of Appeals. The Legislature cannot make this choice with too jealous regard for the in terests mid needs of the vast school system of the State. It cannot make it with too sweeping disregard of the claims of anybody to the post on the ground of political expediency or par tisan service. This Is no political Job, and the people of NewyYork nre going to have something ugly to say to the party or the representatives of the party that would try to make it a political job or in any way an object of polit ical wire pulling and manipulation. Considerations of patronage or par tisan reward cannot enter into this decision without damage to the State educational system and reproach to those In control of the Legislature. The only qualifications which the Legislature can properly or even judiciously consider tire a mun'sproved fitness nnd ability to do the work required of the office, his Interest In and devotion to the public's stake In our schools and his ample measure ment as a public spirited citizen and a broad gauged, big brained, successful achiever of results. The Legislature cannot deviate from that uncompromising and uncompro mlsnble test of merit nnd fitness with out failing to perform its duty ns public service needs It to lie per formed, public opinion demands It shall be performed nnd public con fidence In the intelligence and char acter of the present Legislature expects It will be performed. American Kipnrts on Credit. Senator Kikik Is quoted as saying to the Allied Machinery Centre on the aiibject of promoting our export trade: "I believe In the purchase of securi ties, for we shall never solve the problem by lending Kurope any more money. Cash credits will not solve the problem. We have overexhausted every possible means of taxation; wo are not solving our own problems In that way. . t . We should make bonds sulllciently attractive to reach the public ancj popularize our deben tures among the populace." We don't understand tlie meaning of that muddled economics nnd In verted finance. It would puzzle any body except, perhaps, the Senator him self to explain what buying bonds nnd debentures Is, whether bought by the populace or by anybody else, If It Isn't lending money. Old fashioned horse .sense must continue to preach and to prnetNe the financial gospel that AND NEW YORK HERALD, MONDAY, FEBRUARY 2 1920. better way to get out of debt Is to work hard, save and pay up, than try to put out more and more bonds, de Dentures and notes. Europe, with no market anywhere for more securities when two hundred anil fifty billions of debts nro piled on governments, nations and popu laces, If we, too, may so speak, Is now 'aroused to Hie truth that they will their way out, not by getting now billions of bonds heaped upon them but bv cutting down the debt. The' Ilrltlsh. the French, the Germans, even the Russians are telling one another In plain language that what they most need to do Is to get Imck to hard work with nil the power that Is In them. Out of what they produce by that hard work they must use the greatest possible share to pay up. This means taxes. P.ut If they nil go to It In peace with the will and the power they put Into colossal slaughter of one another during four years nnd more ot war every year they produce and turn over the taxes to liquidate debts will lighten the burden. As for commercial credits the pea nut stand man knows as well as the great merchant or bnnker that busl- ness, foreign like domestic, was done before the war and will be done after It on commercial credits. The credits that supply machinery and raw mate rial to Individuals nnd organizations of Individuals, In community groups and In national masses, wanting to work and work hard can soon be re "inn, tutu "utr imitt i-u u ruuii uu i ; Jiiaii uu r-u "".vi u'" "i , . m turned out of part of the supplies oh- charges, local or In the distant tropica, of land nd eatab ishod the nor . , .i , , , ,' . phenomena unnuestionably associated d- St. George. He and many of his descend- tallied on credit and worked up Into "X wh the effects of ant. filled important positions in Colonial more valuable finished products. Fur-t))(? s'ung ray, atld Revolutionary times, thcrmore It almost Immediately fol-, The almost unlimited sensitiveness of j The "Bull" and "Tangier" families lows that the buyers on credit, once I the audlon detector, universally used to- j Intermarried. There were also the more adequate and profitable pro-May In long distance radio, renders Hillock" Smiths, so called because their ducers return to the mnrl-ets of the I" t0 w '"h ewr' !0""fu' ami , dwelling was near a -jreat rock, tb .lucers, return to the markets of w (.,ectrIcal disturbance original- "Blue- Smiths, so called because ot Uie world as bidders not only for raw ma- )np anywhcre on Ule K0Dei unless ef- j color ot the coat always worn by the terials but for other commodities. fectiUly protected from .-ii'-'i by dine- head of that family; and the "Walt" We are not suffering from lack of tlve or highly selective receiving sys- (Weight) Smiths, possessors of the only foreign market, as Senator Fuck ' terns. But even without our protective ' st of weighing apparatus In the corn seems lo have the notion. We aro i onlzed layer of the upper atmosphere ,. , . . ,v, , millions of horse-power of energy would The Smiths have ever been a greni selling goods abroad as we never sold . m'.'T, , . ! ',., . ..,! .rihe. Historv tells us that one bearing them before, peace or war. With the ' slackening of productive efficiency by , our workers It Is a fair question, inlzens may be. It is highly fantastic to truth, whether we are not exporting 1 them to the disadvantage of our own consumers. Vet we must assume that our workers will be spurred, if not by the old American spirit of supremacy nt least by the law of necessity, to Increased productivity. In that event, however, or In any event we can never sell to peoples that nre Industrially fiat on 'their backs. Hut few of the yre.it nations of Eu rope are Hat on their hacks. They are generally up on iheir feet ready lo pilch in under the stern law of na ture which compels mankind to work for its living. Our share in helping them further, thereby helping our selves by the business we do with them. N a plain business proposition. American brains, enterprise and char acter will work out the problem. They will work it out on the basis as old as the hills of trade credits. Educational Cooperation With Latin America. One of the significant indications of the growing spirit of cooperation between the republics of Latin Amer ica and the United States Is'iiie grad ual tendency of a number of the southern countries to ab-mdon Ku ropcan systems of public Instruction and to turn to this country for Ideas and aid In reforming their present educational methods. The first exclinnce of professors be tween Lntin Amerlcn and the United States has recently been effected be tween the National Unirei-sity of Chile and the University of California, the initiative, it is interesting to note, coming from the southern republic. Peru has gone a step further, and, through the appointment of a. North American educator ns Special Com missioner of the Ministry of Public Instruction, plans to remodel its en tire educational system along strictly American lines. Announcement is alo made of a new educational pro gramme In Colombia which will draw largeiy from American experience In providing for the scientific training of teachers and for the construction of modem school buildings through out the republic. The real remedy for the removal of the last traces of any latent spirit of antagonism between Lntin America and the United States can be summed up In two words, "mutual acquaint ance," nnd educational cooperation Is obviously an Important ngency In has tening progress toward this goal. Every additional step along this line will furnish a more powerful guar antee against International misunder standing than any number of polite conventions. One Important phase of this ques tion, however, Is generally overlooked. We nre gratified when Latin Ameri cans adopt our methods nnd we take pride In the Increasing number of stu dents from South nnd Central Amer ica In our schools nnd colleges. We arc liable to forget that we can learn a great deal from our neighbors to the south. North American students could profitably spend one or more years In study In Latin American countries, some of which possess In stitutions of learning which long nn ledate any of our splendid universi ties. In the development of further cooperation along educational lines, which Is sure to come In the future, more attention will be given to this neglected aspect and steps will be taken to make feasible an Intetchnngc of students ns well as of Ideas and Instructors among the various repub lics and the United States. roltlie FMta. throughout the Hotel crowded. Orient are '? The gold Importt Into Great Britain for he week ended December .1 were I96A.00O, iuoe.ooo. msstir to India. I I MAYBE WE'RE INSULTED. ConM a Menage From 3Iar Oct Through tho IIcaThlde Layer I To tub Editor or Tub Su,nHehai.i Sir.- Ono of Uie fault)- links In the Inter planetary theory of Uie origin of tho "atrango wireless noises" reported by Mr. Marconi la that our globe is protected against electrostatic disturbances of "radio frequencies" from external space by tho so-called Heavlsldo layer of con ducting rarefied, lonlied gases at a height of some fifty miles. This layer should offer an Impenetrable barrier to sucn impulses as mleht otherwise affect our radio de tectors. The phenomena of "fading sig nals" ot certain times with certain wave lengths, while other wave lengths do not so suffer; the recently observed sudden shifting of direction of incom ing long distance signal trains, Ac, all evidence the correctness of the Heavl side layer theory. True, magnetic disturbances originat ing from sun Bpot activity continually reach the earth and produce Irregulari ties In the magnetic compass deflection, and at times false signals on long tele-, graph lines. But there has never been any direct correspondence, so far as I know, between sun spot activity nnd static disturbances In radio reception. nr. pnlm? far afield when wo ,...u.. . ninn.mrv nlannU tho dls- ,.in- u-mmi imv from the becln- nine- of the art made the radio oper- ator.s nfc nt tlmca a burden and at times a nightmare. There are countless mundane agencies amply able 'to pro duce nil our troubles here heated bod ies of air striking the antenna-, or the press agent, electrical discharges be tween masses of Ionized air far above U ....4v ... the earth or between clouds relatively near the surface, ordinary lightning dls - I,..i!,..n. .n. And. weird uk rciiu icu utwuuwv ' magicians though their supposed ant- suppose that inhabitants of Mars or of Uranus would thus waste their stores of energy In seeking to communics.'e with the aborigines of earth who have not yet learned how to signal across our oceans without hours and days of ' ln,..r.n.n frnm terrestrial UlStUru- Interference ances. Headers will recall that In 1901 three dot slunals received at Newfoundland were accepted hy Marconi as proof un qualified of having originated In Corn wall. There were then, and still re main, sceptics who had occasionally ob served static disturbances occurring In groups of threes. But there Is surely now no more reason than at that rec ord seeking date to suppose that various strange sequences and combination of static d'sturbances originate In other worlds than ours. Lee de Forest. Nkw York, January 31. INFLUENZA AND CROWDS. An Army Medical Officer's Conrlnslons From Observations In lulfi. To the Editor or Tun Sun-Herald Sir: As a major in the Medical Corps of the United States Army I observed the 131S influenza epidemic from beginning to end In one of our army camps. I was Impressed with one seeming fact more than any other: That this epidemic gained Its virulent character by rapid cultivation of the organisms through close contact of susceptible subjects; that gathering Infected Individuals Into groups cither In hospital wards or in barracks was tho factor which Intensi fied the evil character of the infecting germs, so that once It gained headway a form of organism was developed, which was passed about through the shortest contact of infected and well, and even distributed by means of eating utensils. The one Important lesson to be learned from that epidemic Is the neces sity of separate rooms, well ventilated rooms, for all Infected individuals, rather than waiting for the general inoculation of the susceptible members of a community, as we are apparently doing again In the present epidemic. Perhaps thl most Important rules at present to observe are: 1 The avoidance of amall or large groups of Individuals as far as that can be carried out. ; The avoidance of Infected Indi viduals being placed In the aame room or hospital ward with other Indi viduals, whether Infected or not. 3 Attention to the excellent advice already et forth of plenty of aleep In well ventilated rooms, simple food and the avoidance of worry, getting wet. or getting overtired. The observance of these things will soon se a decline In the present epidemic By way of encouragement I think It Is simply impossible for this epidemic to attain the highly virulent character of the one we passed through In 1913 when the strength of the germs was Intensi fied on the most suitable soli for their development In our crowded army nnd navy encampments. J. B. C M. T. New York, January 31. SimpUfylng the Prince's Life. from the London ChronK'l. The statement that the Prince of Wales will take only two uniforms wllh him for his Australasian tour la a reminder that in thla respect things are very much easier for I'rinces than of old. The breakup of the old European States relieves Princes from having to maintain a large and ex pensive wardrobe of uniforms some of them very expensive Indeed and some of them hardly ever worn. The collapse of Germany, Austria and Russia rmovea three of the most uniformed nations from the list, and It haa not been customary to In terchange unlforma wllh France. Kama Charities lleneflt From rralrle Test. Junction City Corrtipondence Toptka Capital Churches and other organisations are profiting by coyote drives In Geary countr. The custom started when two coyotes whose onrirrshlp could not be settled were auctioned oft for 139, which was given to the Salvation Army. At other drives the total kill Is being auctioned off and the proceeds given to the church societies In the neighborhood. Dig corote aklna sell readily for V25 and up. Changing Home Vernacular la Kansas. From tbt IIutcMnion Catttte. When daughter was home from college for the reient holiday vacation ta'aphona cnlleis were surprised to note that "Tea. this Is she." had replaced the old familiar "Sure, this Is her." A Snre Kentucky Bet. from the Shelby Record. At last accounts Governor Morrow has made fifty-eight colonels for his start. If h"! hsd n regiment for every colonel Ken tuckr could "hip the world. THE SMITHS OF SMITHT&WN. Itlcliard tho Boll IUder and Contempo rarles of the Same Name. TO TUB EDITOB or THE SUN-IlKRALP Slrv In your obituary notice of Justice Jllchard II. Smith mention Is made of Ills descent from "tho renowned Klchard 'Bulf Smith, a cattlo dealer." To the casual reader the reported oc cupation Is of small consequence; never theless It falls to convey the distinguish ing characteristics of that celebrated pioneer. While his diversified pursuits no doubt embraced the' purchatw and sale of cattle, a frequent occurrence In farm operations, such transactions were mere Incidents of his activities. Jllehard "Bull" Smith was the orig inal patentee of SmIUitown, Long Island. He acquired from the Indians the great tract located In that vicinity about 1650, and legendary rumor says the bar gain was struck on the agreement that thn purchuse should embrace all the lands u man could traverse (encircle) from sunrise to sunset. Hlchard Smith owned a speedy bull which he customa rily used under saddle. It was from this that the appellation arose and In run ning the lines of his purchase he Is said to havo raced bis bull over a great ex panse of territory; and the Indians, at tho moment in an agreeable frame of Imlnd, accepted the mode of measure i went. "Hull" Smith thus acquired his nickname. It is a matter of record and fact that during the time of "Hull" Smith there lived In hfs vicinity several Smith fami lies. Probably tho most prominent was the family of "Tangier" Smith Colonel William' Smith, a favorite of Charles I., who made him Governor of Tangier. , ,,,,,11 C-m.U l..n,..t I iner on woiunui imm .,..w. .v.u ' on Long Island, secured a largo tract -hat name was the original Iron founuer, h- having wrought the urmor for the King's troops, In eirly times In Scotland the smith was the only man permitted to enter lor.ri rnmnln in the nresenco of his sover eign without baring his head and to sit at feasts and state occasions at the right hand of the monarch. E. C. B. New York, January 31. POST OFFICE FOR INWOOD. X Pleasant Shock for Itesldents After Two Years of Patience. To the Editor or The Siw-Herald-Sir: Residents and merchants of Inwood, Just north of Washington Heights, were startled the other morning by the an nouncement that Postmaster Patten had accepted a proposal for leasing a now structure for a carrier station on the west side of Sherman avenue, between 201th and I0"th streets. It was only natural that they should be surprised, for they have waited patiently for the last two years for the postal authorities to take definite action in the matter of Improving the service in their district, which has grown to be an Important one. From time to time rumors have been current that a carrier station would be established in the dis trict, but the project always fell through. Only recently It became known that a contractor who had received the award for a new station had cancelled his con tract ami as a result it was taken for granted that Inwood would have to lin ger on without adequate postal service. But tills fear has been dissipated by the postmaster's announcement. More over, the fact that such an excellent site has been chosen for the new carrier sta tion adds to the Joy felt by the well wishers of Inwood. Tho site Is con venient to 207th street, the business centra of the district, and is more ap propriate for a new station than Is the site at 208th street nnd Tenth avenue, where It was once proposed to erect a carrier station. The latter site Is too far removed from the centre of activity and for this reason was objected to by the business people of the district It Is proposed to open the new station on April 1. Tills menns that on and after that date Inwood will have an ade quate and up to date postal service and there wilt be no grounds for complaint by any person In the district. New York, January 3 1. Resident. The Critic of "Whomever" Under Fire. To the Editor or The Sun-Herald Sir; "Pnngloss" criticises this extract from the Boston Herald, "an exceedingly severe ordeal for whomever happens to be President," advocating the use of "whoever" in the objective. . That Is Just the mistake the Boston Herald made. In the clause quoted the nominative case ought to be used, be cause the pronoun Is the subject, "who ever happens." See? The entire clause Is the object of the preposition and the pronoun Is the subject of the clause. New York. January 31. Lictor. For Optimism and a Bluebird. To the Editor or The Sun-Herald Sir.- Did my "Nature Factor" friend see the bluebird? Of course not. Newark is a haven for our feathered friends from the South, and they pass Plainfield on the way. It was a bluebird and not a pessi mistic Jay that I saw. X. J. Tina.v. Newark, N". J., January 31. An Ominous Oatlook. From the Kantat City Star. Is It true. Jurd, that a saw log rolled over your brother-in-law yesterday and mashed him pretty nigh out flat?" In quired an acquaintance. "Eh-yop"' returned Jurd Tottle of Straddle Ridge, Ark, "And that hain't the worst of It; the doctor says he's liable to get well." While the League Lnngnlshes. No doubt on India's coral atrand The Indians, no longer bland. Are saying that we have no sand. I wonder If the Hottentots Are walling at their sadder lots And Kafflrj, too, as like as nota. And possibly Morocco, too. Whose leather makea a lovely shoe. Finds nought like leather that we do. In Madseaer far, rerhr". And Tibet and, the land of Lnpps, They're saying we're a lot of yaps. The Bolshevik!, as we know. Have marked our atatua rather low, And find us all extremely alow. It looks aj If we'd have to stand Around, a quite forsaken band, And ahake each other by ths hand. Alicucs iloaiu. TO Wfl YR H K HAKK - -. K M M1W V 1 SEEKING 'RECEPTION Illness of President Delays Glvinpr Official Standing to Diplomats. BUSINESS IS HAMPBIIED Foreigners Cnn't See Why Wilson Neglects Them nnd Attends Other "Business. (pechl Onpatch to Tin: Scs xsd Nrw Yom Washinotos-, Feb. 1 Heads of for eign missions accredited to the United Slates, among them several Ambassa dors, are growing restive under the re straint Imposed upon them by the anom alous situation In which they find them selves In Wauhlngton because of the long Illness ot President Wilson. Although some have been here for months and are exercising their diplo matic functions they are, according to strict dlnlomatlc usage, without official fitnndlng until they have been received formally by the Chief Executive. By courtesy of the State Department they carry on the business of their missions and they ak virtually at no greater disadvantage than their more fortunate colleagues who havo presented their credentials. The President, by reason of his illness, is inaccessible to all without discrimination or distinction. But, although the situation Is under stood In Washington, these "half baked" diplomatists,, as one of their nmber de scribed them, find It difficult to explain satisfactorily to their own Governments why they are kept waiting at the outer gate. It has been perplexing to the for eign mind to reconcile with the Presi dent's continued direction of public af fairs his failure to receive the repre sentatives of foreign sovereigns. When the Mexican situation became critical because of the arrest and de tention of the American consular agent at Puebia the President's ability to di rect the foreign policies of the country was emphasized by the visit of Senators Fall and Hitchcock to the White House. Nevertheless at the tame time several Ambassadors, among them Viscount Grey, had lxen waiting for weeks for an opportunity to present their creden tials as the direct representatives of their sovereigns. IJlmlnt'tlona In V. S. Mat. Between these heads of missions who have not been received and those In recognized official standing a distinc tion is made In the official diplomatic list Issued by the State Department. Baron Da Cartier de Mnrchinnne. Bel gian Ambassador: Kijuro Shldehara, Japanese Ambassador, Baron Avezzana, Italian Ainbasador: the Peruvian Am bassador, Mr. Pezet, and Prince Lubo mlrskl, Polish Minister, arc listed as having been "appointed" on various dates to serve In tho capacity of Am bassador and Minister. No such dls- crimination is made In the case of the head-i of missions who havo completed the diplomatic formality of presenting their credentials and In turn receiving the formal welcome of the President, In Washington little is made of the plight of these unreceived heads of for eign missions, although It is not without Its embarrassments. Even If the for mal reception by the President, were no more necessary to the exercise of diplo matic functions than the gold lace of the j rorcign diplomatic unuorm it is looKea upon from the foreign point of view as an essential diplomatic observance due the dignity of the Government or sover eign represented. Why tho President Is cnpablc of taking full direction of the troublesome Mexican relations and at the same time finds It necessary to delay the reception of accredited diplomatic representatives is a question the diplo matists themselves are having difficulty In explaining. riuintre of Illplonintlc Tnctlra. The unusual situation that has arisen at the capital has done more than any. thing else in recent years, if not since the beginning of the republic, to change the character of the diplomatic office. The tradition has been heretofore that the representative of a foreign Govern ment deal directly with the President of the executive branch of the Ciovern mcnt represented by the State Depart ment. Transgression of this rule has al ways created an unfavorable impression. Recently the Impression appears to be growln-? stronger that It Is as much the business of the head of a foreign mission to deal with the people of the country by Influencing popular opinion ns to deal with the Government Itself to impress the Senate, for example, as much as to Impress the President Because of the predicament in which these unreceived diplomatists find themselves there has been a disposition to look upon the diplo matic Held of elTort as far more com prehensive than it has been In the past. In another way the illness of the Pres ident has had even a more pronounced effect upon the diplomatic relations of the United States by his failure to fill the vacancies In missions abroad. At present there are more vacancies In the diplomatic service of the United States, including the missions withdrawn from countries at the outbreak of the war, than have existed for many years. Among them arc Rome. .I'ckln, The Hague, Copenhagen. Bern and Athens. The resignation of Ambassador Fletch er, which has not yet been accepted, will also leave vacant the Important post of Mexico city. The President. It Is under stood, is now considering appointments for these places and will announce some soon. SPENT $40,000,000 WITHOUT ANY LAW And F. D. Roosevelt Admits Many Other 'Lapses' in War. Franklin V. Roosevelt. Assistant Sec retary of tho Navy, said In nn address at the Brooklyn Academy of Muslo last night that so far as the legality of cer tain official actlojis was concerned he probably had failed to observe the law in enough cases during the war to put him In Jail for 999 years. He eald he undoubtedly would have been Impeached had he made wrong guesses In certain matters whlcti came up for tho action of the Navy Department. Mr. Roosevelt was explaining tho condition of tho American Navy before the war. "Thero was no programme thought out," he said. "I prepared a prngarmme which called for aggressive actlor, but I was opposed by the President, who said .that he did not want to commit any overt act of war, but who added that he was following a definite course In an effort to avert a war. "Two months after -,ar was declared I saw that the navy was still unprepared and I spent Jt0.000.000 for guni before Congress gave rno or any one permission to spend any money." Mr. Roosevelt said he had vige.ited Admiral Sims as head of the Interallied fleet In March. 1917. He praised the Naval Academy at Annapolis, ar.J said It had paid for Its upkeep many Uatj. Si 44 AND THE NEW YORK HERALD. TIIK SI'S' ca foundnl tm ;i DAY in 1833; T11K .VMI' roVn HKHALD icot founttca ly Jam Oonlan llennctt in 1833. TUB si's passed into the control of C'fiarlei j Dana in 186S. ( bccanr the vm' crly of Frank A .Ifmur,, ,J. TllF. SF.W YOHK lUl! ALU ",t. malncd the sole propirru 0i .. founder till his death in !?: Ms sou, olao Vames (Jorrw lltnnetl succeeded lo the atcnrrtlp 0 tlt' paper, trhich continued ,n h,t Aan1, nlll Jils death in iv the HERALD became thr p. jprrt Frank A. Munscy in 19 Ju 1I1WINKNS ANI KIIITOIIMI (11 1 In , MAIN BUSINESS AND miT'dmi OFFICES, ISO BROADWAY Ti'lF PHONE, WORTH lO.Ono lllt.tNC II OITICKS f' r r. . , tlsementa nnd tale of paiir-i' PRINCIPAL UPTOWN l V T. Building, Herald Wquar- 1 . 000. ' adif. "en I Iret'.y IIAM.EM OFrirE:r, wr.T i vnt ST., MS A It .IRVKNTII W: T. -o ilornlnrside. Open until I" I' WASHINGTON HEIGHT ui Tf T-tij WEST 1SIST ST. Tel. I'll Wailawarth Open until 10 P. II. DOWNTOWN OFFICE ."" nitOD. ww. upen nay ann niirn mtOOKI.VN OFFICES EACI.E ni-IIJ). I.VG, 303 WASHINGTON KT . A OQUPT ST. Tel. Ms Main Open n' I ) p j HnONX OFFICII 318 WILL'S AVE AT 149TII ST. Tel. 0060 M. I rose rj until 10 P. M. ' Principal Foreign and American Ilurwit, WASHINGTON The Munsfy Building CHICAGO 20S South Li Salle S LONDON 0-1 3 Fleet St PAItIS 40 Avenue de 1'Ope-a 3! P.51 du Louvre. There are about 50 a hen .'mm- r reiving s atlons located thMugh.tm Nw Tork city and vicinity where Sun-H(rii advertisements vt 111 be rerehei at oMc rates and forwarded for pub.li-atton Daily Calendai THE VEATHER. For Eastern New York and Somiien New England Fair and warmer to-iia to-morrow partly cloudy, genile tin winds. For New Ji rtey Partly cloudy to daj tai fc niorrotv. !ow.y rlstnir tfinirsrun- frei M 1 eat to cut ivnlclo, dlnilnUlilim For northtrn New Kneland-Fa r tn-dij 1 1 (iroltably to-iu-rn.n: gntle we' riul For Trcntern Ne lork Fair to-daj. to-mo row iinM-ttlrd. not much change hi tumperslotf penile nnrtliMo: vwl. WASHINGTON. Feb. 1 -The were coM m the northeat districts u rapidly palnj away. Tho temix-ralure ha nen in Uw lake region, the gre3t Interior Taileyj ar 1 England No precipitation of m sequence hat occurred except in Florida on the California eoau and In Aniona Gen erally fair weather will prevail to-momw fnil TtiAorinv ol r,1 (Via ru.l..mhi slowly rlsinr temperatures iu the lofr iali region, the middle Atlantic Stales nnd Nn England. Observations at United States Wejlta Bureau stations, taken at s V M ,esterdar. seventy-fifth meridian time: Rainfall Tprnwrslnr. P.!r. 1 1.1 -M Stations. lllgh.Low.'oroeter hr Weaibrr Abilene.... a co u - ".1 10 3f 8 23 1 30.13 Cloudj Alhanj- Atlantic City... Baltimore Boston Buffalo Charleston Chicago Cincinnati near Clou.lr t'loudr Cloudr Hear Cloudr 30.76 JXIS 0. 30.51 $)( 30 4 30.36 30 44 30.41 M.M 30.43 30.111 30.34 30.r 1 OS 30.1! fCS Sft.32 30.33 30 H 30M TA50 30.55 .. 30. M 33 U 33 53 n 64 3.) 12 31 14 4 It 31 10 M : 43 :t 5 12 5S : It a 43 M 5? 54 M 10 Clear Clear in af Clnwli Cleveland Denver Detroit Pt Cldf I Laireston Si Helena s: Jacksonville.... 4S Kansas City. ... 5? Los Angeles.. .. C Milwaukee .... ;? New Orleans... 60 Oklahoma City SO Philadelphia... ;i Pittsburg 4 Portland. Me... Portland. Ore.. 4' Salt Lake City, ii San Antonio.. M San Diego ct San Francisco.. 51 St. Louis i Washington.... U Cloud; Cloudj Rain Clear Cloudj cieir Cloudv Cloudj Cloudy Clear , Cloudr" Cloudy Rain Cloudj Pt CUt Rain Clear Cloudy 50.01 30 13 3401 30 94 30.30 30.T .OS LOCAL WEATHER RECORDS A. M. 8 P. f Barometer 31.00 30.79 Humldltv S3 " Wind direction N F.. Wind velocity 1; 5 Weather Snow Snow Precipitation None Non The temperature In this city yesterday. " rornrderl liv the official thermometer, la shown In the anneied table. "A.M.,.,1 1P.M.. .13 liP.M...:: 9 A. II . 2 Z'V. JI.. .31 7 P. M. . .3 ..4 3 P.M...: P. M....I 9 4 P. M. . .21 P M . .! .IS S P.M... 21 10 P.M... '-'7 1520. 1910. 1920. 19111. . . . 2 St C P. M . ..22 ..18 31 9 P M....2S 2 ..22 31 12 Hid. ..27 Si 10 A. M. 11 V It. 12 M . . . . A. M. . 12 M 3 P. M HUheji irin;ewurr, 27, t 0-30 P. M. Lowest temperature, 3, at 12.15 A. M. Am rage temperature, 12 EVENTS TO-DAY. Representatives Club, luncheon, Hotel MrAlpln. 12:30 P. "M. Professional Photographers, exhibit, Ho tel McAlpln. all day. Loyal Workers, bridge. Hotel McAlpln. 2 I. M. Young Folks League, meeting, Hotel McAlpln. S P. M. Manhattan Study Club, meeting, Hotsl McAlpln. 2 P. M. The flrt annual Mechanical Inspection Equip raent F.xhlbltlon will orn under ausnlets ef the American Society of Mechanical Insfcecto' at Uie Hotel Ator Roof. 10 A. (., nld con tinue dally through Friday 1 II "llie Art of lvlrr In the RIMe" willll the uldeet of the first of a series of Mondsjl morn ing lectures on "Short Similes In Bible etrj.'' bj Dr. Euelow, at tuo Temple LnianJBEl, H a. m. a Mrs. Rogers H. Bacon will fneak oa"5nl Shots of Two Years In France," un,ler BisplfM of the New York and New Jersey Svuoii Woman's Department. National Civic Wedi tion. at the Cosmopolitan Club, 133 Kaft For tieth street. S:30 P. M. The Presbyterian Social Union will lare 1 "patriotic night" dinner at the Hotel mw- sylranla, 0:SU P. M. , Dr. George II. Vincent. Dr. Clyde Fnrst. Jul Dr. John M. Glenn will speak on "rhllanlbrn Foundation" at a "ladles' n!.-h!" at the ui f!lnb, 155 Wtit Forly-fourth btreot, bcglnaln, 7:30 P. M. , , Dr. Henry It. Rose will deliver an Uhi'tri Couture on "Theodore Roosevelt" t"' Photographic S,-ctlon of the American Iastltuw. SO West Thirty-ninth street. S 15. I' , Major-Gen ti'Rjan will speak '.""'": cf the Noiih Knd rxmoeratlc Club, ll.;tB nnd Webster mtnoe, the Broni. 8 15 1 ... Senator Medlll McCormlck will be r'J"',f. honor at the first dinner since the wm ' " n..,.h!l,..n ninh of New 1 0:1. . Commodore. 7:30 P. M. , . I Sir Oliver Lodjo on "To Dcatmr o L'arnegic Halt. .so r. i. u Chief Magistrate Wllllsm McAfloo wU " guest Of honor and will deliver an MMtU 7,. . 1 ... . 1 . ,v.n w4t hna ' lllV UiUMMll) "ICCUIIi. Wl .1"' ' V. Mvtation, Hotel Antonjs. b:ju t will lan isrannm 01 ice i-iuuiu i-.m Ires a meeting of the Women's Trso " league. 7 East Flftecntn street. 8 I - to puhllc. ,., :,i Lorado Taft -wUI address the rnemlyi w of Uie Montclalr Art Assoclstloa en ''"JL the Home Town," at the Montclalr SIM Montclalr, N. J., this evening. PUBLIC LECTURES TO-NIGHT- Wew Education for the America? F; lly." by Lucia Ames Mend, parting. Irving High School. Irving plaje ".a -tcenth street. Special War Derr.' motion pictures. ........ker. "Alaco-Lorralne," by John C 'fu marker, P. S. tC, 156th e-reet na Nicholas avenue. Illustrated y Travels In n Swnmp." by Blgelow, P. S, 03, 22S East Flft) """ street. ,1,1'. "Current History." by George A " logs, P. S. 2. Hester and Ejmx re 1 "Social and Political liP'",u r 7 many." by Prof. William B Outhri'- . tm aj( 157. St. Nicholas avenue an' ' V trj. "CUforn!, n.t the PACtl.- COM'. J H nooeri U. Vteyn, r. s. i. street, iiicsirn-.ca. "Lite With the United S tlon Service." bv Di r Wheeler. Pilgrim Halt. !"" , IU! ami iironnvriv. iruir.ie "An Andean Tour T,i: Zones," by .Mrs M c '"In pre) 1 " i:- nan, i3 H mi inen ' lustrated. n 1 "Abraham Mr. o'n I' t vise. P. S. 53 HOth 01- i-venue. The Ilron. Spe ' "' "