Newspaper Page Text
MS She MW Sun THE NEW YORK HERALIr,. FOUNDED 1833-1835. S!W TOHK, MONDAY. AI'' m0' llt) HU."J-HEIXLD CORPORATION, vuollsuera. wu uroauwrv . . Ifrnk A. Munwy, Wrttol Ervln Wardman, Vice-president; Wm. T. ?lsart, Vlee-pMstdsnt and JrpMur.tr; k Tltherlngton, Secretary. NEWSSTAND l'RICKa. . Hallr, two rent u cop n Now rV rr iid suburbs and three cent eJM where; dontlay, live cent; tMwbeW, Kfl iU. MAIL SUBSCRIPTION RaSE. Estt of Mississippi lllveri Ono Six OM 1 By Mill, Postpaid, Year. Months. .Month. DAILY SUNDAY.. 811.W M.00 11.00 DAILY only PUO .B0 ,J8 HIINDAY only 4.00 2. , ? SUNDAY only. Canada O.W aA,,..,''i . Tor ill points west Of the. MlMlMlPP River add 11 a year for dally or daUy and Hunday editions. FOliKION RATBH. . 1)AILY & SUNDAY,. 120.00 13.0 UAILY only 18.00 J W SUNDAY only .o 4,0.12 All cheeks, money orders. ., to b msue payaoia 10 in? jpmi-,niw European Edition. Published In' rarls every day In th year. Price In pari M centimes, dally and ' PARIS OFFICE, 43 AVENUB DB r;oi'EiiA. . ........ inrormation concerning ""f,j." rer the European Edition may be obtained irpm inc main eiow w iv- Wit! - 1 t - 1t.a Its am! Mil tfftltf en tltletl to the me for republication of .... nr.rllrtwl tft It Of all not otherwise credited In thla paper and alio tne local newa puDiunm ncrcm. , All rights of republication of spsclal oiapatcnea nerein arc mv i"""" If our friends who favor us .with matiu scripts and Illustration for publication wish to have rejected articles returned they mum In all cases aena stamps icr mm. j)urj,v.. MAIN DU8INES3 AND EDITOniAt ,01 VICES). 280 BROADWAY. TKU5PHON! WOKT1I 10,000. , A Chronological Memorandum. Tho Esch-Cummlns bill provldlns now governmental machinery for the adjustment of, wage disputes In tho railroad rystem became n law on Feb ruary 28. The so-called "outlaw" strike began In Chicago on April 4 and has been rife In different 'parts of the country since that time and until now. i During; thla time there had been no movement on the part of the Execu tlve to obey the law by the nomina. Oon of the members of the board which tho law established for the purpose which became urgent when the strike spread. On April 8 Senator McCortMics of Illinois introduced his resolution for un Investigation of he President's delay by the Senate Committee on Interstate Commerce. On the samo day, April 8, it wa reported In tho 'news despatches for Washington that Secretary Tumulty had "collected all available Informa tion concerning tho strike and pre sented It to the President." It was also reported that "much anxiety over the situation" was felt by "Government officials." ' On April 11 it was. reported that Attorney-General Palmer, who had been making speeches in the South 4n lir IntArACf i-if i 1 a wn Mmtillffn Tor tne Democratic nomination ror President, would teturn to his post of t duty on April J2 aud "tako up the i fitrlke situation." - , On April 13 the President sent to tho Senate his nominations for the nine members of the Railway Labor Board established by the Esch-Cam-jnlns law, effcctlvo on and after Feb ruary 28. On April 14 the President discussed With the members of his Cabinet the Btrlke' situation, at the first Cabinet meeting held since last summer, un der bis auspices, and with his ap proval. "Meeting people," according to Admiral and Doctor Gbayso, was beneficial to the President's health. We present the chronology of the episode without comment other than that which Is suggested bjthls In evitable question : Whose statistical genius Is enter prising enough and fearless enough to computo, even In approximate totals, the cost m money to the railroads and to the taxpayers and to the com merce of the country, and the cost in human health and life to the liinoccnt sufferers by tho strike, of these forty Blx days of Executive faUuro to exe cute tho provision 'of .the Esch-Cum-Sdns law? r. ' Free Poland's Progress. The statement of conditions in Po land made by Prince Casimib Lu jjomikski, the Polish Sllulster at Washington, In bis recent visit to tills city shows a gratifying progress In the effairs of the new State. This Is espe cially, apparent when one takes Into consideration the fact that the Repub lic of Poland has come Into existence only Blnee the nnnistlce and that the first few months of its life were torn' by Internal political strife and much time was trusted "irough lack of de cision on gdTcriui! ital policies. According to Prince Luw;j;iESKr this era of Indecision has passed and the people now ar united under etrong leadership and are governed by a constitutional council .which they tlifi." Solves have chosen. The State has n dearly deflned adminis tration policy for the repression even by stern measures of such anarchical outbreaks as marked soiuo of the early days;of the new State and also ftr "the combating of Bolshevist In fluences from Russia. A legislative programme had been approved and Is being enrried out One of tho provisions is for tho mo Mlt&irJon of the State's industries nnd for a code of labor laws and a System of worklngmen's, !) irancc. Sseclal regard baa been pal o the division of tho farming land, for n large portion of the population is en gaged In agricultural pursuits, and provision has been made for the pur chase of certain property from the owners and Its sale In small parcels to thoso who will convert it into xarms and .gardens.- The first distri bution of State and Church lands'and of loads npt prqpcr' .uHlvnjW Jtt produced satisfactory mswus. As lB( thfj ciiso of all Europe? countries, Pohjn4 lias leen crippled'to the natter of trarisportatlon. "Iieif tho new State assumed clinrgo of" tho railways laat year It found tlintnch of tho. rolling stock had dcch .taken nwny by tho Russians nnd Germans. 2imt Poland Unlay lias regular 'jscr- vice over every mile of road In tho country despite the urgent dcninnfls made by. the army speaks well for the, execuclvo attUtyof railway man agements. It will I. ,o to improve this service further with the lollrond equipment ana locomotives recuy purchased in this country and sow beM chipped to Poland. Tho United States lias also nte rially tilded in the "establishment of the Important textile Industry of the country by furnlKhlng a supply of cotton to tho mills at Loflz "and Warsaw. "Prince Lutomimki has n thorough understanding of tho seri ously complicated Industrial problems of rolaud, but at the samo time he expresses confidence An the plan -of tho present Minister of Finance to meet these problems. One reason for Prince I.i-noMiiisici's faith 'n the lu dustrlal future of iPoland . founded on die nation's wealth of naturnl re sources, lta mines of coal, zinc and lead and its rich forest reserves, "worth more," he says, "tlian the national debLV Another reason is his faith In tho frugal and industrl ous peasant farmers who are willing to worlc for their own and their cot' try's advancement. The chief external peril to Poland seems to bo the Soviet armies on her eastern border. The menace of this force has, however, united all the Polish factions, nnd Prince Ludomib- ski says that the nation now has an effective army of 800.000 men. The Poles have met the Soviet army 60 far only on tho line which they claim as their boundary before the first Polish partition In 1772. They have lield their enemy here iu check. Despite the superior forco that it is said Soviet Russia can throw against them the Polish troops share toe faith of their military command ers that they will be capable of suc cessfully meeting Trotzky's army and of building up on this eastern frontier bulwark against the western ad vance of Bolshevism. Saving a Billion Dollars. Senator Smoot's proposal to re organize all the Government depart ments on a sound business basis may easily save the country a billion dol lars a year. Tbero is nothing like that sum to be dumped out of the payrolls, heavily as they are over loaded. There is nothing like it to he squeezed out of the leaky spots in the bureau, petty cash, much as now drips away. Nevertheless', the colos sal wastes flooding out the country over all get back to those depart ments. They are .caused by the heed less way the departments ask Con gress or money. They arc caused by tho Indulgent way Congress gives them the money; They are caused by tho riotous way they spend it The United States Government in its conduct of the public affairs of the greatest and richest nation iu tho world ought to be operated like a sound business proposition; but the United States Government, whether estimating, planning, appropriating or spending, is anything but u sound business proposition. It Is a go-as- you-pUne scramble of Incompetence, extravagance and squander. The de-partmciit-i do not work out their pro grammes of expenditures wisely and sclentlilcally as a successful business man must work out his. Congress, the appropriating power, does not allot tho money asked of it IU the care nnd discrimination a sound business house must use 'in providing for lta expenditures. The executive depart ments, as the final spending power, do not spend their appropriations when they get them as a sound busi ness man expends his if he wants to keep out of the poorhouse. Men who do not know how to alio money lor a given cause ana men who do not know how to spend it so as to get the best and biggest re sults are the costliest factors In busi ness for the stockholders or tho part ners. In government they are tho costliest factors for the American people. It Isn't that the Government administrators arc honest; they are. It Isn't that th want to bank rupt the Treasury ; they don't want to. It Isn't that they don't care what hap pens to the pockets of tho American people; they are sorry about It But they simply don't know how to con duct the business of the Government as it ought to bo conducted. Saving a billion dollars a year looks like a whale of a contract, but It isn'twhen it's the Government's. If Senator Smoot's plan goes through so that tho public's money will bo asked for on n sound business basis, will bo appropriated on a sound business basis and wlil bo spent on sound, business basis it can be worth to the American people not merely a billion dollars a year; In the long run, at the breakneck speed wo have been going, it might be wjth billions. Men of Genius and .Service. Government Unfortunately for the United States, the Federal servlco failed to hold Theodore N. Vail, Just as It has failed to hold many Other brilliant young men who, after entering it with high hope of making careers for them selves, have abandoned it In favor of private life because conditions Im posed by statute and precedent de- nrlvcd them of tho opportunities their tsltiaUro aod enterprise sought'ilt is this unntxradtlrtmcss of tho.Fcd- icml and -State. services -which readers Government operation of public .ullll- tWB'tinsatisraetory, ictiinrgic ana -unresponsive to demands for adjustment to changed conditions. Tho Post Office Js the oldest utility managed by Government. It lias a monopoly in its worldwide field. Many lftcd xocn "have devoted their best thought and effort to its betterment Thousands of faithful and diligent employees labor under its direction dally, yet despite nil Its manifest adrantages the ToBt Ofllco is not tho isuodel employer It should ba; :lt is not the frrarogoous Innovator it should be; it is not, as It should be, tho in stitution to which all other employers look.f or guidance nnd Inspiration. Its failure to perform its normal Inactions hotter than It docs, Its lib ability to keep 1. the able men who hopefully enter it believing It offers tho chnnco ,they seek for life occupar tions, are the result of tho dead nana of political management, which, wher ever 'It rests, crushes ambition, spirit and .Initiative. Mysteries And Virtues of Overalls.- There is of courso nn inviting op portunity for sartorial variety in he; overalls which we are assured will le worn by Americans, until woollen fabrics full In price. The fact that! probably there are not enough, over-' alls on the factory shelves, to clothe onenflfth of the inen who .are contem plating tho adoption -of denim garb may cause the tailors to set about de signing blue nnd brown cotton gar ments with u little snap in them. "Don Qur Distinguished Dbnlms. v,ui.l-6u urn, vjuiwu,111.3 ui me ter Sort, Designed hy Tailors Whof Sympathize.1' The advertising phrases will he asy to reach. Wo may see overalls for golf, for tennis, .for mo toring. The valet who Is Assisting the advertisement hero to slip on his roll collared drill jacket will be neatly attired in a dark denim cutaway with strined cotton trousers. ' 'fa llen who are familiar with over alls through gardening or other labor will be Inclined to stand by the old patterns and particularly the oue- plcce garment The two-piece suit I5 all very well for englnemcn, who need A the protection of the Jacket But foi f solid comfort there is nothing like th' 4 overalls that have n tapron at tv44inli ttlon between 1910 and 1920 was chest and" straps that go over t hsjl shoulders. They spell freedom for t hey muscles and let ypu show what jef handsome shirt you have. The citizen unacquainted wlthovc o nils of the classic type may heslta h n hefore buying a garment of this kin rj fearing that the absence of a coat a it 3 Its pockets will handicap him. Ov cl '-I alls, however, contain more pod-' ten to the square Inch than any other flu man garb. High pn the apron 5s a little pocket designed for the Aenoll of tho carpenter and easily rikintnl 1 to" the fountain pen of tne Dtrr-uiji Near It Is larger and 6quarer pocttpNtf wherein the toller 1ms been known i to convey plug tobacco and which ml iy be used to hold a wntch-or a cigJl r- ette nor. The spectocle case of the studi mt will find a home in the place wtl Ich is built Into ordinary overalls foi;- the purpose of carrying a carpenter's ii old- Ing rule. Keys and handkerchief f nave pie room, In the large hip po kcts. cither side In front is -a large pocket, put there for hands, or ha oney, or both of these necessarie' 1 They arc good, old fashioned pockets open ing from the north nnd fbpjxtf aently hard to lose tilings from. The college professor who ' Ouys a pair of standard overalls nil iy find himself puzzled by the little. loop at the waist line in the ccntne of tho back. Tills is Intended for. jt' ho occa slonal carrying of" the ci) rpenter's square, but it could be em) iloycd to hold a nicely rolled thesis; a tennis racket or a brace of frankf u rters". Since ancient Greece then has been no garment so omfortabl 3 as over- They are hard to rj Inkle, they easily and they spell democracy. a ho only discouraging thlij g about tho present overalls wave is ,i he thought that the demand will nu a tho price np beyond the iew Poor's purse. We can almost imagine, a gro up of denim clad fortunates slttlrA 0 n the porch and pitying some sriarW. d wretch as he slinks by in hite-'i,veeds. Poor devil, his wife will nolt'j. et him wear his only suit of over.tf is except on Sundays. Governments Arc- Not Easy to Pull Down and VeryHaril: to Bulla Up. Senator LusiCand hi, 3 colleagues of tho legislative opmrali ;teo Investigat ing rerolutlonaryprclp aganda in New Tork State sat iu i tho 'Aldermen's chamler in CIt HaD V from 10:30 A. M. until 12 M. one. day recently to listen to citizens suj gest possible Im provements In ;go rnment methods. The hearing biad J -jeen well adver tised. There icra i ealth of dlssatis facijon over tle w)n !y public business is conducted. tTeti only ono reformer put In, an appear.-j nee, and tho testi mony 6he gave x'ti corded unrest and did not contrIjjtf j,( importantly to' con struct! ve legJs.ntHi .1. The Teastm Is not hard to find. A government ' whatever Its form, represents riot tif 10 happy inspiration of n momcrt bi jt the slow develop ment of ycjnrs of hard experience, shared by rnany men of many' minds. The most Eiin4'ingly cumbersome and useless lnstltuti ons grew out of actual necessities. Tj" me's changes may make them seemjanl .chronlsms, but no man can be srre t bey have lost their po tency fcA; iff od, and humnn kind, wisely rbfjjrvatlve by Instinct, pre- serves them, believing thoy ma) 4bkt ter bo Ignored for a whlla.whcn whey npponr unnecessary than nbo J hed With tho possibility that occatlo 1 1 may arlso' on which they will be ai jgij ntly needed. , Iconoclasts who deliberately IscKont fp present substitutes for the Jlnsttu mentalities of public regulatloi M vrIch irk them in their zeal for betti tci things find tho slmplo question, "A oJi what then?" written largo hefcv 93 them whlcliever way they turn. To razo an cdlflco gencr Ions of men bnvo reared In toil of 'j mind and body looks a simple en 1 ii;h task, but It Is not The wiw Jj,t is sure to bo startled out of his 0 mplncency by tho far reaching vinf xpectcd ef fects of removing only )fa ' single beam tor stringer. To erect i I mother instl tntton In Its place Is lfy lot an under taking Xor individuals ( but for gener- utlons; not tho occur 11 tlon of to-day nnd of to-morrow, a.t of all .that portion of eternity i' f V 4s pleased Goo to nllot to the vvor! imlin. Those who dcnoi piccr1 most violently the shortcoming vjhdthe failures of jnan-mado governmea-tg may be al truistic, or Ithey mai bo lajiy. Altru ists are 111: ciy v. nfj sitato wnen iney ifuco square ly ,tha CO nscquences of de molition .am ajreeoW .ruction of tho fab- Tlc whose ! faults' and weaknesses arouso thelif-'resfjul Jnent, and to select small ccjrrer 1 n which they can ispend thel-rj sti n,jth nnd zeal with Talr prosp'i.t 0 f accomplishing a lit tie towardijoett jbrlrigithlngs. Tho Inzjyfe Hows tho fellows who Hack 'the.jrrit' nnd the strength and the will tand' IDiecnergy to climb over or dIOTnde)i'or crawl around tho oh Btaclepwlil'ch lie In tho paths of all of nsHuoTkot take the trouble to find out t fii j reil significance of what they . 1.H- m.M,. .lnmin. ' . ... ciatl lot is tf.ro really confessions of their incrps rtfly or cowardice: They can not ,ni (,'e't the issues life poses for nil of usi a nd their verbosity Is actually th t. It Huge of their weakness. Low Census Figures. .T.'he Census Bureau may have in- tsjnueo to prepare some 01 our ieuow fcltlzeJ is for disappointing news when nt sef nt out last week's bulletin re- cora' ,ng a slowing aown in me growm of tj he 428 cities for which the com pilot Hon of population figures had bee n finished. ,' In these cities the increase In pop- 21.9 per cent, compared with an increase of 28.4 per cent, for the period 1900-1910. Basic reasons lis re given for the decline, among them 'L, fnlllim (T nt mnm thnn 3.300.000 ,1 - - . (in immigration during tho decade. If tho percentage of growth for .these cities is an index of the growth -of continental United States the num. ber of inhabitants will fall below .some of the estimates which havq obtained wide acceptance. The census of 1910 made tho popu lation of continental United States '91.972.266. Tha Census Bureau's estimate of this population in 1918 vns 106.253.300, nnd unofficial estimates put it at 106,871,294 for 1919. The popular belief has been that the census of J920 would show at least 110,000,000 persons, rBut the rate of growth of the cities counted indicates a population of only nbout 106,000,000. War conditions, and especially war Industries, made unprecedented shifts 4u the population. The'complete re turns may show results entirely dif ferent from those already recorded. Maine and Massachusetts celebrate to-day as Patriots' Day, paying proper respect to the embattled farmers ot 1775, In this vicinity the anniversary Is not ofnclally observed, but nowhere will it be more fittingly honored. Tho men and women who have voluntarily contributed and will voluntarily con tribute to keep tho transportation sys tem open aro doing a vital work of patriotism more effective and more important than attendance on formal ceremonies. The inhabitants of Pueblo City In Mexico fear Popocatepetl is about to resume action after lying dormant for half a century, but Dr. Casiaii, tho Mexican scientist, thinks there is no unusual danger of an eruption. Never theless, Dr. Caiuianza will keep an eyo on the volcano; things are disturbed in Mexico, and some revolutionist may bo stirring up tho internal fires of tho mountain. Spring strikes fewer Slight evidence so far of usual Increase In labor troubles. Newspaper headline. Thus the United States Department of Labor, but every commuter will tell a different story. Tho people of Humo have become tired of Gabkibxb d'Annunzio. Life with a poet is not always a grand, sweet song. Donning (he Denim! Attention! Attention! Ys slaves of convention! Arouse ye, oh, sad sycophants! 'TIs tlmo to set busy And drive taUors dlsiy And throw off the shackles of pants! The suitings called "nobby" That onco were your hobby; The set of the shoulders, the roll Of collar and lapel No longer shall grapple Your mind and ratio doubt In your soul! The, checks and the 'strlplngs. The findings and pipings. The herringbones, serges and such. May rise, yea, and rocket, " But calmly your pocket Refuses to gape at the touch! The bushelmen, benchmen. The cross legged henchmen,- Before whoirf you writhed In despair, Now foiled at your revels, ' Shall seek lower levels ' And never arise more for air! The denim we're donning. The overalls onnlnr. - While merrily pealeth the chime But lay In a stock quick Or you'll get a shock quick; For donlm Is due for a climb! Mioxici Monti. MINORITY COERCION. Would Strikes Ccaso If They Were Recognized as Conspiracies! To The Bum akd New Yom: zn.vi3 Why all thla chaos In commercial and social conditions when, a simple rocognl tlon of tho obvious fact thit a strlko Is a conspiracy would make tho doml natlo ot many -by a few ImpbssibleT A conspiracy is defined as a comb! nation of persons to accomplish an evil purpose Surely violations, of contracts ttid such widely suspended conditions Of tranlcand minority coercion ehould not be regarded as a B00& purpose. If minority coercion bo democracy, It la time to, look up soma other form ot government Australia. I:- do strikes because strike' lias been wisely mado Illegal Truly' wo have the best country in the world,' but wo must not say anything about tho government Jambs Ricalton. Matlswood, N. X, April 17. Potato Shortago Threatened. To Tub Sun and New Tork Herald Cannot something be done to aid the New Jersey and Lone Island farmois In getting the seed potatoes through from Maine? , Probably the formers of thla county, Monmouth, N. J., have POO cars on the track between Maine and here. If the seed potatoes are not received In the next ten days It will be too lata for this year's planting, with the, result that next fall and winter there will bo a great shortage .of potatoes. The farmers have largo quantities of fertlllzeron hand for tho potatoes, whfth cannot be used for anything else but In a small way. Altogether it means great lof to this county and tho peo ple later on. Hiciiaiu) W. Herbert. Freehold, N. J April 17. Former Service Men Volunteer. To Tub Sun and New York Herald At a meeting ot the 308th Infantry Poet of the American Legion, held April 13 1920, the following resolution was passed and tho secretary Instructed to forward it to Uie proper authorities: Be It resolved. That the 308th In fantry Post of the American Legion goes on record as being willing to co operato with municipal. State or na tional governmental agencies In pre serving order and Insuring a means of livelihood to the citizens of the city, State and nation by the movement of foodstuffs. James M. Blackwell, New York, April 17. Secretary. Tactics of tho Strikers. To The Sun and New York Hebald At the "Indignation meeting" In the As sociation Hall, Caldwell, N. J., on Tues day night, ono of tho striking firemen Informed the meeting that the Each Cummins bill put a worker In slavery and "forced" him to work for a corpora tion. There la no law that forces a man to work for.anybody against his will. On the other hand', a loyal brother hood engineer told us that at a meeting In Patorson the outlaw strikers told him that If he did net join their ranks he would not hold his Job as,cnglneer. Is there any record of an employer threatening a man who refused to work for him to prevent his getting work c!sewhere7 II. Dhockelbank, Caldwell, N. J., April 17. now the Mall Train Was Held Up at Port" Jorvls. To The Sun and New York Herald As a citizen of Port Jervls I wish to make emphatic protest to the editorial article which you published concerning the alleged strlko disturbances at Tort Jervls. There !s not a scintilla of fact on which to base such a statement There was no "mob of 300 persons' when tho train was abandoned in Port Jervls Sunday afternoon. The Etrlklng railroad men simply left the train, and that was all there was to It. Our police department and tho Erie officers have tho situation well In hand. No one here has ever thought' of calling out the militia. The railroad men themselves are quiet and orderly, and, so far ts can bo learned, no act of vlolenco has been committed by the strikers. Mark V. Richards. Port .tnr.vis, N. Y., April 17. Strikes and Prohibition. To The Sun and New York Hesald Tho following is from your editorial columns f The public has an excellent oppor tunity now to Judge the social useful ness ot tho "poor man's club," as the saloon Is sometimes called. Is It meroly a coincidence that because they tire closed little Is heard of policemen's clubs T As against this It would be Interesting to know how far prohibition la responsi ble foi- tho discontent arid revolutionary spirit which l9sbroad. It was a wise ruler who once) said Tf you want to keep the people .inlet don't Interfere with their pleasures." More Ljoht. New York, April 17. THE SLAVE ON THE FARM. A Theory That Fortune' Is With the Hired Man, Not the Owner. To Tub Sun and New York Herald : One of your correspondents, who signed himself "Sixty-five," asked If there was ever a satisfied farmer. Now it Is quite evident 'Slxty-flve" Is not familiar with farm conditions; can he tell when the Held laborer was the slave? SIS experience teaches me that the only slave on the fruit farm Is the owner, who as a rule goes to work at o'clock and works until 7 at night, working twelve hours, while the hired man begins at 7 and quits at 6, work ing ten hours. The hired man has his three meals a day and so ono to ques tion how much he may eat; he knows how much money he is to get for his labor and ho gets It But the owner does not know what he is to get. I know by experience the truth of what I am saying. Phave more than once wbrked a field of strawberries the whole season; then in the fall paid J 3 a ton for manure to cover them, through the winter, and paid S cents a quart for picking them, 1 cents for freight. cartaSe and commission, and then had them so'' In New York fOr fife cents quar t have also had plenty of peaches !d In New York for 60 cents baake. freight, cartage and commis sion to come out of that. .Other fruits have given similar results. I would llko "Sixty-five" to have a tittle of this experience. ' J.-R. W. ' Milton, April 17. Fuel Conditions. Knlcker Citizens are putting In next winter's coal. Bocktr But I've already burned next winter's money. ITALIAN, CONDITIONS. fa i 'i mm u ilamlas Xeporls Recfehed ThroBgh Paris Discredited. To Tub Son and New Yqbk Hkrald 1 beg- to refer to- the speclat cable from Paris which I hava noticed In some. New York papers to-day nbout the beginning of a world revolt in Italy, May 1 nolnt out that neither tho Italian newapapers of tola country, which have a very extensive, telegraph servlco with Italy, nor I. who am la dally direct touch with tha best sources of Informa tion In Homo, have had tho slightest hint of any such qatastrophio occurrences In Italy,, where, mind you, all censorship has been abolished? How Paris can bo better Informed than Homo on social conditions in Italy is o. matter of genuine wonder to me. As a matter of fact I have received from Ilorae, dated only yesterday, from Mr. Luxzattl, VJce-Preeldent of tho Cabinet and Minister of the Treasury, tho most encouraging Information about tho economlo rehabilitation of Italy. quote from the cablo : The economlo and financial vitality " of 'our country Is demonstrated by no 'uncertain signs: th Increase In savings to elghtesn billion lire, almost equalling the amount of all th aduclary .cur rency; the noticeable betterment of the commercial balance; the increase In revenue for tha budget, and the curb ing' or every Increase In expenditure, as well as a beginning In tho reduction of extraordinary expense; the stopping of any further Increase In paper cir culation by the programme of the Min ister ot the Treuury, who Is keeping ills promise to diminish It: the con tinued confidence In th Government, which la providing out of our1 own In ternal resources the necessary funds for Indemnifying th citizens for the damages caused by th enemy; the en durance maintained during th war period continues In the present Eco nomic straggle, despite the great need of liquidation and reconstruction re sulting from the. war. It Is true that jthere la some social agitation, but Italians Uke all other free peoples now and then talk, of excessive deeds for the reason 'th,at they never act them; yet this moment will also go by and confidence will again shine upon our sacred nation, always full of faith In the 'future. , May I also add Incidentally that happen to have been born In tho Province of Barl, southern Italy, to which the Ruvo region, near Andrla, belongs. Wo have had occasional troubles among the agricultural population of that region, in many Instances also prior to the war, and Bolshevism has nothing to do with It In any case, disturbances in tho Ruvo region cannot have prevented tho voyage of Ambassador Johnson from Paris, whose delay may only be due to a local tleup in Turin. The Italian people have bad more than any other allied country to suffer, economically and financially, during the war ; they have been proud to contribute in this way to the common victory. Now they are fighting most strenuously for their economic rehabilitation and rccon structlon. It is most unfair to call Bolshevism" the unavoidable natural economlo movements and adjustments which this process of rehabilitation In volves. Psople who tight and suffer for .thelr rehabilitation ought to be helped and encouraged; If not otherwise, at least with sympathy. B. Attolico, Italian Minister Plenipotentiary, Com mlssloner-Qeneral for Financial and Economlo Affairs. New York, April 17. AN INCOME TAX PUZZLE;, Why Should a Carafe's Keep Cost Moro Than Bringing Up a Sonl To The Sun and New York Herald read with great interest the letter In which a father discussed tho Income tax exemption allowed for a dependent In its relation to the actual cost of bringing up a son. I would also like to call attention to one ot tho I neon 'sistencleo of the provisions of tho Income tax law, that of tho regulation which compels curates to add $500 to the ac tual Income as the cost of their board and keep. I know one instance In which a curate In one of the parishes here re. celves as his salary $500 yearly and Is obliged In his report to add to that S500 more, togetherwlth any gratuities he may receive In the course of his duties, for his maintenance at the Ifirish house, and report It as income. In fact he has paid Income tax- several times. Now, If the Government charges him with $500 as the cost of his hoard., and keep, how can It consistently ask a father or other head ot a family to clothe and board, a dependent' for only $300 annually? W. It. Seabls. East Orange, N. J., April. 17. TWO TIME WATCHES. Ono With a Double Mlnuto Hand Was Mado In Toledo In 1801. To The Sun and New York Herald: I havd a watch purchased in December, 1831, which has two minute hands, one black and the other red, the black hand Indicating solar time, the red hand In- Ucatlng standard time. I had this extra red band put on at cho time I bought the watch In Toledo, Ohio, In order readily and quickly to distinguish the different times, the city business being run on' standard time, while the farmers adhered, to the old sun time, mere Deing at mat place a difference) of twenty-six minutes In the two schedules. This 'same arrangement could readily be used on timepieces ot to-day for the hour hands. Charles B. Gotord, Indianapolis, Ind., April 1G. CITY OR SUBURB? A 'Bent Payer Seeks the Teaching of Experience to Gnldo- Her. To Tub. Sun and New York Herald: As the season for renewing leases looms in the not far distant future the problem of rents Is confronting us moro seriously'. We have a four room apartment in Jersey City, for which we pay $6 monthly. Our rent is to be raised next fall. Can some of your readers tell us whether it Is any cheaper to live in an apartment in a suburb of New York, with the additional expenses of higher transportation, or whether the two fam ily house, with the tower rent but the extra cost ot coal for heat and hot water, Janitor service, c, la the solution? lly husband's business is in New York. and on a smalt professional salary It Is hard to see.ho we can pay higher rent and hope to save anything. We would be glad to know the experience) of otrvrs. Jebsit Cm, April 17. Mrs. Dissatisfied Graduates, From fi( Sttoam Bprlngt Herald. There ara two or three fellers in this town who' wish 'they had their money back from their alma mater, for they .don't need their diploma from trie Keeley la stltut now, GERMANY ODT FOR MORE TRADERS U.S. Hot Bankers and Business Men Are Preparing for uooci Increase. PLANNING NEW CAMPAIGN Designed to Stabilize Foreign Bxcliango and Hercantilo Affairs. ffjeclal fo Tni Sn ahd New Yobk llmm. WAsmrtdTON.AprllW German bank ers and business men are preparing for a great Increase itvAmerlcan trade with Germany, according, to information com ing to official sources here. A now bus! net campaign ealcUlated to aid the Ger man foreign exchange position nrm put trading ,on. a better, basis is being planned and operating and financing groups to carry on tho business are being organized. Although trading with Germany was resumed last August export and Inv ports have moved In' limited quantity on account, it Is stated, of lack of good? and Inability to get transportation and meet the exchange situation. But trade re ports coming to the Department of Com nferco Indicate that the commercial and agricultural position Is ("getting rapidly better despite trio unrest anu recur rence of revolution. Germany. It seems, hones to draw on tha United States for a largo sharo of raw materials and grains and exchange manufactures that will improve tho trade balance and the exchange rn. The three fundamental requirements for this trade are being approached throuxh organization. First, representatives of the North German Lloyd and the Hamburg-American lines are seeking restoration of reg ular lino steamship servlco between the principal American and German porta formerly operated by thoso companies. Thoy want their old vessels put In the service under American ownership and tho American flag. Ortrnnixe Trading Company. Second, a new company, known as the Deutsche Warcntrcuhandaktfcngcsells ch'aft has been organized at Ham burg to obtain credits for importation of raw materials into Germany. Many of the most prominent German bankers united In the formation of tho company, the names Including big German Inter national houses. It Is the second one or ganized for foreign trade finance and obtaining German credits on goods. Third, manufacturing, and selling com binations have been formed to meet de mands of foreign markets, and export prices are to bo maintained at a higher level than domestic prices. According to Department of Commerce figures on German trado there Is a tremendous balance in favor of tho United States, but our new system of valuation of Imports has made It appear more preponderant than it really Is, com pared with the recent past. This Government began keeping values ot Imports on tho basis of the current exchange rates on January 1. Formerly they had been valued on the normal ex change or gold basis. The change has been the subject of considerable mis understanding, and was brought about only after considerable confusion some where In the consular sjrvlce. Up to the first of the year in valuing German Imports for the purpose of United States trade statistics marks were transferred Into dollars on the nor mat basis, or gold value. Tho German gold mark hs a yalue of 23.8 cents, conse quently an article valued at 100 marks, was valued at $23.80 cents, when In tact at the current exchange rato in jjcw York, with marks worth actually about two cents each, tho article would cost here only about $2. The volume of goods, however, was still the same. Import duties were paid on the actual value on the basis of current exchange. and last November the Department of Commerce asked the T asury to change Its method of reporting tho figures for the commerce statistics. Tho change was to havo been mado on .January 1. Con sular officers were Instructed to furnish certlflcates of currency depreciation for all countries In which currency was actually depreciated, to ba attached to all consignments of goods -coming to this country. Some did and some aid not. and figures for January wero kept both ways and are meaningless for com parative purposes. Imports Gain In Balk. As a "result thero was an apparent falling off In German Imports" In Jan uary and again m February, out Dy February all changes wero being made at the current rate. The same was true In March. During that month German Imports wero 'valued nt .little more than $3,000,000, but on an exchange basis, which accounted the mark worth an average of a little more than 2 cents. Consequently tho imports wero approxi mately 600.000,000 marks. , In the five montns irom August to December 31 German imports .figured on the old basis for a normal marie wero valued nt $10,624,229. but they repre sented In marks something llko so.ooo, 000 for the five months Imports, against 600,000,000 marks for Marcn, wnion mi dlcates the Import of a larger quantity of German goods In that month than came to this country In tho first five months of trading, aitnougn tneir vaiue was much less. Exiwrta to Germany are Increasing, however, but tho increase is largely duo to shipments or gram, flour ana raw materials. ' iienorts coming to this Government In dicate that the food Imports will prob ably cease after tho next harvest lr not before. Germany In normal times draws on Russia and Rumania for her wheat and flour, but, with their markets closed, has drawn on the United States and Argentina. The exchange rate and trans portation situation nave maae nuying in the Argentine market prohibitive. German government rooa commission-. era are making a strenuous effort to obtain corn from the United States In large quantity In exchange for potash that tho swine and other live stock In. dustries depleted by the .war can be built up. German agriculture. Is meet ing difficulty from depleted lands and lack ot fann. labor, but good crops aro expected by tier agricultural authori ties.. Reports to tho Department of Commerce Indicate that orders for large quantities bf Iron bars, are being placed In Ger many by other countries and that the Iron Industry, which was thought hard hit, is recovering. Export prices have been Increased nnd outward shipments aro being rushed to Improve the ex change situation. CAraoncs begin dbiye. Open CampnlKn for Membership In Archdiocese Charities. Twntv thousand wnrlrr nf ho f olio Church began yesterday a drive to enfo'll a Tnst nledped memlu'hln Im Catholic charities of the archdiocese of New York. Keporta received last night at the headquarters, 9, East Fortieth street Indicated that tha Vlrt itovi r-,n. vas had been successful In the enroll ment or many tnousands. AND THE NEW YOfiK HERALD. TUB BUN was founded iu Den Day In 1S33; TUB N2W VOUK IlBRAhD was founded Jv Jam Oortforj JJeunrli In 1835, TUB SUN pamd Mo the con. trol of Charlta A, Dafia lii 1868. It became the property of Frank A. Muntey in 1816, TIWWETV VP!? UHIULD remained tha tola property of it founder until hi death tn 1872, when hi eon, also James Gordon Bennett, succeeded to the ownership of tho paper, which ewitlnucd In Ms hands until his death in 1911. TUB HERALD became the property of Frank A. ilunsey in 1920. JJUSINKSS .AND EDITORIAL OFFICES. MAIN BUSINESS AND BDITOUlAIi OFFICES, 280 BROADWAY. TELE PHONE, WORTH 10.000. UKANC1I OFFICES for receipt of adver. Usements, and aal. of papers I I'niNCiPAL Ul?TOWN OUTICE Herald Building, lierald' Square. Tel. Greeley 600O. , HARLEM OFFICE: 20 WDST 125TH ST., NEAll BBVENTH AVB. TeL 704 Uornlneatdo. Open until 10 l. M. WASlUNpTO.V IIBiailTS OFFICE 035 WEST 1BIST ST. Tel. 0008 Wadsworth. Open until 10 P. 3t. DOWNTOWN OFFICII 200 BROAD WAY. Opn 8 A. M. to 10 P. M.; Sun days, "2 I'. Jl. to 10 P. M, BKOOKI.TN OFFICES BAOLE TITJIUD. I.N'O. 303 WAHH1NQTON ST. Tel. 1100 Muln. COUIIT ST. Tel. StGS Main. Open until 10 1'. M. BltONX OFFICB BIB WILMS AVE., AT H8TII ST. To!. 1)01)0 Jlelrose. Opn unUI 10 P. M. Principal Foreign and American Bureaus. WASHINGTON Th Munsey Butldlne. CHICACJO '.'08 South I-a Salle St. LONDON 40.43 Fleet St. PARIS 10 Avenue d 1'Opora, 38 Bus du Louvre. There are about 030 advertisement re cilvlnr stations located throughout New Tork city and vicinity 'Where Hun-Herald advertisements will ba received at office rates and forwarded for publication. Daily Calendar THE WEATHER. Eastern New Yoi cloudy, followed by showers to-day; oudy, with prob ably showers to-morrow, not much change In temperature; moderate east winds. New Jersey, cloudy, with probably show, ers to-day and to-morrow: moderate tem perature; fresh northeast and east winds. Northern New England, fair to-day and probably to-morrow; not much change in temperature; fresh north and northeast winds. Southern New England, cloudy to-day. probably followed by showers to-night and to-morrow; not much change In tempera. turo; ffeah north and northeast winds. Western New York, cloudy to-day; show ers to-morrow; not much change In tem perature; fresh east winds. WASHINGTON. April !. Th pressure Is abnormally high along the north border from New England westward to the Pacific coast and low In the Southern States, with tho minimum reading over Texas. During the laat twenty-four hours there wero local rains In the east Oulf States and tho Ohio and upper Mississippi valleys and snow end rain over the middle plains States and the central Rocky Mountain region. Heavy enows are again reported from parts cf Wyoming, eastern Colorado, western !e braa and western South Dakota. High temperatures continue In tha Quit States, Arkansas and Tennessee 'and abnormally low temperatures continue over the Itocky Mountain region and the northern plains States. The outlook Is for unsettled weather and rains over .much of the country east of the MlBsJ.-sInnl Blver to-morrow and Tuosdav. No Important temperature changes aro In dicated except in Tennessee and the east Gulf states, whero the weather will be cooler. ffl... II . . ... T . . 1 Bureau stations, taken at S P.M. yesterday. DvvcuLjr.jiuu tueriuiau lime; lUlnfall t ... ..... n. ... vj , jot- ,M, ... Stations. Hish.Low. ometer. hrs. Weather. Abilene...', 78 .60 Aioany w Atlantic City... 52 Baltimore....,.,' 1 niamnrAlr JQ 44 411 S3 41 SO.10 50.08 SO.OJ . S0.3I 39.10 S0.1 30.03 30.lt H.9S 30.18 30.18 30.U 20.54 so.a .8 29.74 29 .S3 30.13 S9.J0 19.(1 30.00 so.es to.io 30.24 30.04 29.6S 25.90 23.9S 23.S3 30.14 S0.W Pt. Cldy Pt. Cldy Cloudy Clear Cloudy Cloudy Cloii'V Pt. CJdy Rain Pt. Cldy Snow Clear Clear Clear Cloudy Cloudy Clear Cloudy Cloudy Cloudy Cloudy Itain Clear Pt. qdy Pt. Cidy Clear Clear Clear Cloudy Cloudy Cloudy Boston. uunaio.;v..-;... ss Chicago "... CinMnnall M .24 Cleveland co 43 uenver :s Detroit 6 Galveston It ITMArw M .40 Jacksonville.... M Kansas city,.,, li Tv AnrAtna 9 .12 Mllwauke....'. 4 N,v OrlSnnn... fii 33 Oklahoma.City 74 ,03 .01 .01 j-nuaaeiprua.b. et Pittsburg M Pnrtlnnrl r iff 44 Portland, Or.. Salt Lake City, san Antonio... San Diero...., Hl TAiri St. Paul 64 Washington.... (3 LOCAL WEATHER BHCOnDS. 1A.M. S P. M. Barometer 30.10 30.05 Humidity 3 EO Wind direction N. E. S. Wind velocity II 4 Weather Clear Ft. cloudy Precipitation None None The temperature In this city yesterday, as recorded by the official thermometer. Is shown In the annexed table: SA.M...44 IP. SA.M...4S 2P.M...5T AP.M...C0 7 P.M.. .67 3 P.M... St 9 P. SI... S3 10 P.M.. .61 10 A.M. ..SO 3 P.M. 11A.M.. .50 4 P.M. 1IM......S5 5 P.M. 1930. 191. A.M.... 46 4T JIM... ,..55 53 3 P. Jtr7..BT 51 .67 .59 .40 1910. 1919. 4 P.M.. ..60 U 9 P.M.. ..53 47 12 Mid 43 '4 Highest temperature, 41, at 4:25 P. M. Lowest temperature, 44. at I A, M. Average temperature, 52. EVENTS TO-DAY. The American 'Newspaper Publishers Asso ciation, convention, Waldorf-Astoria, opeolur day. ,'The Truth About Snakes." lecture by Allen S. Williams before the American Insti tute ot the City of New, York, 29 West Thirty-ninth street. :15 P. M. Empire Slate Society. Sons of the American Revolution, meeting. Hotel Martinique, I P.M. New York Academy of, Sciences, section of geology and mlmrajngy, meeting, American Museum of Natural History. SeTeniy-eeTenth street and Central Park West. 8U5 P. M. Workers Defence Union, mas meeting. Manhattan Lyceum, (I East Fourth street, 8 P- If , "Tho Background of Present Day Russia." lecture, by Dr. Gregory Zll boors'. Pilgrim Han. nity-elxth street tad ..Broadway. :K P.M. American Pharmaceutical Association, din ner. Hotel Pennsylvania, 7 P. M. National Metal Trades Association, conven tion. Hotel Astor, ail day, TT. S. SHIP OWTrEE8iioTE9T. Want American Agencies Etb llshed at .TJarabnrff. Following lta protest against the ac ceptance of tho Hamburg-American line as exclusive agent of any American steamships on routes' from the port of Hamburg, tho American Steamship Owners' Association, of which H. II. Raymond is president, has sent a letter to Admiral Benson, chairman of the United States Shipping Board, urging that tho, board aid American shlpplns companies to establish, their own agencies at Hamburg. "Our recent protest to the board against acceptance of tho Intensely Ger man and alien Hamburg-American Com pany as cxcluslvo agent for United States .companies operating American steamships on th Hamburg routes wa' fundamentally duo to an earnest nesi" to iron mir new Amerlwui shlpplns? entirely In American control," says tli loiter. "Wo aro convinced from our knowledre of tho historv and methods of tho Hamburg-American management that if It. Is allowed to Tjurrow In' to the new American merchant marine In ny Way, .and "burrow 'n' to Washington, a loss of "a part of oUr own control over our merchant fleet will be Inevitable, and Ujcre will bcV cause for deep rrgret on tho part of our Government and oar people. ? 'ty M344J.