The Sun and the New York herald. [volume], September 20, 1920, Page 13, Image 13

About The Sun and the New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1920-1920

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THE SUN AND NEWYOttKJTOAIjP, MONDAY; J:
.; iiT ',-
SOUTH AFRICA AIMS'
TO CONSERVE SPECIE
IN JAPAN PUZZLES
Control llooorvrt llnnlc for tho Tho Consumption of American
u."r ;. .".'
Union I Propotod in won
' Yavty Moftfmro,
tia,i.. tn Tinnii. nnA
OOOBnlcs. '
Lja -aw lira
1
moid
CBMrffl
Tills trio will brine: vou into inri-
Hlllii; (.uuuiui. wiiii an nunuiuiuyiy
Interesting people and the
pnaaing rclica of their
ancient civil-
i
ization.
V0N5AN
l. ' 'at.
-A
,,UWoUL(f i-rom a Rovcrnmcnt kA ,
.... a . . in '
"V. .sbja n t .. r
ui uj-j-icaaiuii 10 one oi
.1
tuupcraiion wc sue uicbc v .,
i.. r ... (
i-uu-;iu itti iroiu poverty i
to prosperity. 1 he transi
tion of Korea from the
TAIJUN 1
ancient to the modern,
furnishes another great V
drama of our time.
Arrange your trip
through your favorite
Tourist Bureau
JMILYANG
FUSAtf
It is as impossible to dupli
cate the clelicious flavor of
FORMOSA
OOLONG TEA'
as it is to duplicate tho
lustrous beauty of true
pearlsin shoddy imitations.
Formosa Oolong tea is
flavored by nature only.
It is pure; never colored.
' Your Grocer Has It
Wf$?Vi ;' : If bo U a Good Grocer
Banking in France
and Belgium
Our doje relation with Lloyds
and Notional Provincial for
eign Bank, Ltd., enable us to
offer complete banking facili
ties throughout France and
Belgium. Branches in Cairo
nd Alexandria, Egypt,
throughout Morocco and West
Africa. Special equipment for
handling transactions In Tunis i
and Algeria.
Our New' York Ajeney
intitei inquiry.
Bank of
British West Africa
New You Office, 103 Dearer jJtriet
It U. APPLBTIY UOWLAND SMITH.
Ilc.nl (JUlec: London.
EKI.V HNLAliaES STATION.
'em, China, Aug. 16. ThO Peking
JJIyuan lino has doubled tho capacity
'fit building nt the Pdkln Hilbhlmcn
'"Hon and haa equipped a new" round
m new quarters) for nop.
'BANK, LIMITED
New fork Agency, 19 Broadway
23 Branches in South America
One Branch tn Mexico
8 Offices in Europe
Direct nbrmn'tlnni With thdla
QkV 'Town. Aug, IP, Ort Interest
Is being manifested hera In financial ahd
cnminerf lul circle over Iho passage of a
non-party mensuro of the Government
;)urrnry and Hcservo Hank bill, whirl)
has passed ilia second rrudliw hy a ma.
f.rlty of forty-four, It I confidently
expected there will ha very little oppo
sition shown oyer llio hill on Its final
luiinfrtM t)ru of Its hearing on the
trade of tho country, which l hounit up
With (he (Told nml exchange sKuatlon.
Tho objects of lha hill are lo conajrva
the specie supplies of the Union hy pro
viding for (ho Utile of gold ccrtlf lenlon
lo Provld for thn establishment of a
central Ileaerve bank for tlia Union, and
lo regulate (he Imio of hank notes and
Iho keeping of reserve with a view to
securing greater atahlllty In the mono?
tary system of the Union,
According to the hill, the Treasury la
lo recelvii deposits of gold and gold
hlilllon and to lesno the certificated
therefor of agcli denomlnntlnnul values
ns tho Mlnlater of Finance may direct.
The gold Is to ha taken at the mint
prices and Iho gold (fertlflentoa, which
urn to bo legnl tender up to their fo
value, an to bo redeemed In sold or
rpecls on demand of the Treasury.
Whenever tho market prlco of gold In
tho Union exceeds 3 17 shillings 10 W
pence por pound, tho aovernor-Clenernl
uy prociiimation may decuro redemp
tion of gold certificate autprnded.
There shall ho ostabllahed at Pretoria
n corporate body to he called "Thn Houth ,
Arricnn limorvn iianK," which sliall be
managed by a board of eleven dlreclora,
of whom three experienced In hanking
and finance shall lt nominated hy Mock
holding tanks, three who nt tha time of
Uu'lr elections mint ho actively engnged
in commerce, agriculture or somo otlmr
industrial punmlt, threo Oovernment
repreaenlutlves appointed by tho Gov-
ornor-CIeneral nnd two others to ho
atyled dovernor and noiiiity-Ooverrior,
wno an amo to bo nppointod by tne
(Tovernor-aonernl, All dlrertors must
he IlrltlMi subjects iind renlde In the
Union. Tho (Jovernor and Deputy-Governor,
.who iliull be personi of tested
banking nxporlence and havo no Interest
In any other bunk, shall hold oMco for
five yeara and shall devote their whole
time to the buslnen of tho bank, being
paid such aslarles, allowances and ex
penses as tha honrd may determine
Tho original capital of tho hank shall
be (1.000,000 stock, of which not moro
than HO per cent, shall he subscribed at
pur hy tho oxlvtlng bankn In proportion
to their pild up capital nnd reserve
fundi. Tho amount remaining nftor tho
allotment tn the existing hnnks shall bo
offered tn the public at par,
Tho hank may estnbllth brnnohes or
appoint agents or correspondents. In any
part of tho Union and may also appoint
ngenta nnd correspondents and with the
consent of the Treasury may also estab
lllis branches nnd local committees In
places outside of the Union,
Tho bank may art ns hankers nnd
financial agents of the Oovernment, In
cluding tho rnllwayn nnd harbors admin
istration, provincial administrations and
Oovormuont Institutions.
Tf"inu A li 11 1 1 i KaiiiA, alvnllAlia
efforts Imve been mMo to flsurn wlrnt,
(tin total Jftjutneiio coimimptton nt cotton .
Ill Ii ns Ittst Ai-vm Itno rut rgnAna '
nitt l VUIMIHR f PIMf IW Mjwt-
slblo business man will venture any au
thoritative prediction, The most reli
able authorities, however, are of tho
opinion that should the prsssnt condi
tions persist thn total consumption for
the year beginning August I, 1130, Will
he about 1,030,200 MM fa of 500 pounds
each, The consumption of American
cotton probably will bo About fllCOOO
bales,
lloceiit arrivals of machinery have
mada the mills capable of producing
from 10 to IE per cent, more than In the
oast, and It Is quite possible, It Is said,
that should conditions Improve In the
near futtirn tha consumption of Ameri
can cotton may reach any figure up to
100,000 hates. It should he borne In
mind, howovof, that there nrn now nhout
300,000 bales of American cotton stored
In Japan and that In nny ense not more
limn 600,000 hales will be imported dur
ing the coming year, It will readily he
understood, however, that n division of
estimated needs Into two periods of six
months each would amount to little more
than conjecture
In recent years about three-fourths of
the annual Importation of American
cotton has been mado during the first
half of the calendar year and one
fourth during tho second half,
The Inability to give nny definite fig
uren Is due to the fact that during the
early part of tho prownt year,
after four aars of unprecedented pros
perity, cotton prices have reached In
credible levels und speculative ventures
of nil kinds were dally being launched,
The Oovernment, fearing the conse
quences of nny further extension of cred
it, Instructed the banks throughout the
country to restrict credits nnd cull In
their loanu ns quickly as passible, The
1 ffect of this policy upon tho cotton yarn
marxet was immeiiinle, nml stsnnern
j urn, which had been fluctuating bo-
tweeu I3U ami J3J0 per bale, reu witnin
a few days to $143 per hale,
Ynrn merobnnts who had contracted
with thqjnllls for future deliveries nt the
hleh nrlces nrevnlllne; earlier In the yenr.
round themselves unnma to meet incir
obligations and consequently some nt
the smaller millers unable (0 stand the
losses duo to cancelled contracts, turned
to somo expedient, such as nmnlgnma
Hon with tho larger mills, to avoid soil
ous difficulties,
The sltuntlon was furthsr complicated
by tho fact that the mills contracted for
large quantities of cotton at high prices
in order to fulfil their contracts rop de
liveries extending well Into 191, Nego
tiations which have been under way for
some months between the Japan Cotton
Spinners' Association to arrive at some
basis of settlement have been fruitless,
and the mills acting Independently of
each other are settling each case on the
best posnlb!o terms, generally on thn
basis of a CO per cent, reduction from
contract prices.
isjn in
Trf
Australian News
NEW ZEALAND WOOL
STOCK VERY HEAVY
Minister of Supplies Will Sell
Surplus.
Auckland, Aug. 25. Tho total accu
mulation of raw wool In New 2cotahd la
estimated to bo 70,000 bates Of freezing
works ellpe, 68,000 bales of Oovernment
scoured nnd sllpc, and 274,000 holes of
greasy wool.
Under normal conditions thoro Is
aunlly no stock of Wool on hand nt this
tlmo In New Zealand, The above esti
mates Comprise approximately 0 per cent.
high grade, 61 per cent medium and 30
per cent, low grado wool. The plan for
marketing this surplus is that the Minis
ter of Supplies In New Zealand will sell
this surplus at 26 ponce for 36s to 80
pence for 64s.
PLAN ItAtttllN ItAILtlOAD. !
Mukdb.v, China, Aug. 15. The Cen
tral Government here, with a view to
facilitating communications, has pro
posed to build a railway between , Har
bin and Hollungchlnhe. Though it la
maintained by tho threo Governors of
Manchuria that funds for tho proposed
railway should bo rolsod by tho three
eastern provinces, effort Is being mado
to secure foreign loans for the consum
mation of the plans.
MRt.llOUHNn Ity forty-two votes to
sixteen the members of thn Australian
House ofltepressnlatlves decided to re.
quest tho Ministry to Inereaso their
rarlltmentary salary to a sum not ex.
needing 1.000 (15,000) a year, Tho
Ministry acceded to the request Trior
to thn Increase the salary wns (600
($3,000). Tills decision wns tho out
come of a motion submitted by a
Queensland Iteprrsentntlvo, Mr. Dam
ford, who said that tho duty devolved
on him ns tho father of tho House. The
Prlmo Minister, W. M. Hughes, who
supported tho motion, said that If to
morrow ho wnlked out of tho House nnd
took a position he could cam moro
money In one year thun ho could earn
In threo yenra In tho House, There wns
ono principle that held good tho world
over In relntlon to labor nnd everything
else. If ono wanted tho beat thing, one
must pny the price. The price of n
man's lubor differed from' tlmo to time.
It Included, as an Irreduclblo minimum,
tho cost of subsistence,
MELBOUnNB In 1797 a fionth
African mttrlna rnm (from Spanish
stock) wns purchnsed for export to Kyd
nay, Australia, for 4 ($30), nnd In 8yd
hey, In July, 1920, 123 years Inter, an
Australian bred merino ram was pur
chased for 3.000 guineas ($10,500) for
export to Houth Africa. In tills significant
contrast of prices (hero Is tho text of
tho romance of merino sheep brecdlnnr In
Australia. Of ail (he assets of the Com
monwealth there Is no Industry so rich
ns that of wool growing. The Aus
trallnn merino Is preeminent In the
world. It stands as tho greatest testi
mony to the noil, pastures and climate
Of Australia, nnd these natural advan
tages have, of course, been turned to
cood account by the enterprise and skill
of men who stand out on experts In thn
art of breeding sheep. For some years
nasi Houth African breeders havo been
keen buyers of Australian merino Sheep
and many or the best studs in the com
nmrtwf Allh have contributed blood to Im
hfova tha nono too strong flocks of South
Africa. This tendency has become moro
ponounccd With each succeeding year
nnd fifteen Bouth African buyers nt thn
nnnunl rnm- sales, held in Sydney in
Julv. formed tho strongest represents
tlon from tho Capo ever gnthcred In
Australia.
MELBOUHNI5 Prlmo Minister Hughes
has authorised tho. distribution of the
$9,000 raised at tho tlmo of the nrrh'&l
In Melbourne of Sir Itoss Smith, on Hi"
completion of his Enclnnd to Australia
lllgbt as consolation prises among the
threo Unsuccessful crews, who survived
tho mishaps that terminated their ef
forts: tho rcldtlves of tho two crews
who lost their lives in attempting the"
flight, and Capt. Wrlgley nnd Warrant
'Officer Murphy, who wcro the nrst air
men to fly ncrois Australia.
HOIlATvr Tho well Known Knglh-h
.(UtA Htfltlilfhr'flli'At-t:. fMtltlllfv JC- Cn
have decided to estnbllfth 11 factory nt
Clarcmont, Tasmania, jiio ciimmu nmi
tho supply of cheap electrical power, for
which Tasmania Is becoming famous,
were factors which finally detrrmlncd
tho selection of tho Hobnrt suburb. Be
tween COO and 600 .employees will be
gin work as sodn as tho plant Is erected,
tho number being Increased as circum
stances warrant.
M31iHOURNlllA new movemont to
divert population .from tho cities to
Australian country towns 'has been
started by the Development League of
Victoria. A number of Inland tdwns,
once tho cohtres of tho cold flolds,
bffor splendid opportunity for ngrlcuh
turnl and manufacturing development.
A determined effort will ba mado by
tho IcngUo to attract farmers and
manufacturers to these districts for
.both primary and secondary production.
INDIA TO OUT PLANE TAX.
The Indian Oovernment has decided to
roduca the import duty on airplanes and
parts, Including engine's and parts, from
7 per cent, to 2Vt per cent, ad valorem.
MACHINERY NEEDED
AS INDIA EXPANDS
Industrial Development
Opens Market for U, S.
A remarkable Industrial development
has been taking place In India during
ho last few years. In the last financial
year nw companies wore floutod with
nn aggregate capital of more thnnv
$1,000,000,000. A common feature 0'
nearly all tho new flotations Is that both
Indians and Kurcpesnn are repiusented
on tho boards of directors. A large
part of this new capital ovldently must
be expended on plant nnd machinery of
various kinds to be supplied by foreign
countries.
At present tho United Rtates occu
pies a very strong position In the Indian
market, nnd It seems probable that this
country will rank second only to Orent
Drltaln In tho Import trade of India.
Much has already been nnld about tho
shara of tho Unltod Suites In the Import
trade In motor cars, ot which It han
nearly a monopoly.
During tho fiscal year ended March
31. 1020, a total ot 0,925 motor cars
.Hid cycles weYe Imported, (1,353 of which
came from tho united mates. Motor
ears In uso In India now number more
thnn 30,000, nnd It is totlmatcd that
this number will bo Increased to nearly
half a million within tho next five years
India hns 382 cotton spinning nnd
weaving mills, with 282,000 operatives,
74 Juto mills with 263,776 employees,
521 ooCon clnnlnit nnd pressing mills
employing 39,014 people, nnd 611 rlco
mills with 46,180 workors. There arc
117 engineering workshops (Including
Iron and brass foundries and smpbullrt
In works) with 29, COS employees, nnd
two Iron and steel works with 17,145
emoloyocs.
The exportable surplus of the Burma
rico crop for the current year nas ueen
fixed by the Burma Oovernment at
1 son nno tons nf careo rice, and exports
In excess ot this quantity will not be
permitted. India Is expected to have
nbOUt 2,000,000 tons 01 wnrni lor ex
port If tho present favorable monsoon
continues.
SEEK TO CONSERVE
INDIAN COAL FIELDS
State Control Urged to Check
Heavy Waste.
1 A committee appointed early this year
...... i . . . . 1. . . . . . 1
to investlgnto me worninua 01 me jnaiau
cool fields has reported nunlnst national
ization but In favor of Btato control. It
Is estimated that ono-thtrd of tho coal
In Ihdlnn mines Is being lost owing lo
bad methods of working and that three
quarters of a million tono are lost nn
nually by wasteful methods nt tho col-
nones, .iiu .u..mvv ...
substantial Improvement In tho present
.-.intiiririti ni nroaucuun cuu uu iwuncu
(or without fitote Intervention.
Nlnety-flvo per1 cent, of tho .Indian
coal supply Is obtained from the Jhnrla
and ItartlKOnJ fields. The output (tmnl)
.. . .1.. ,(.... fnr 1Qin u'na 2.7.r,6.71!7
tens. Tho exportation ot coal from India
has been prohibited temporarily except
under license. Tho Itallwny Board also
. i, nnnl tnr ImnlieMnc nurnoaea
bo carried by sea Instead of by rail to
Indian porta, uccause 01 1110 cuukcbuuji
of the railways
CHINA TURNS TO ELECTRICITY.
t
Gnm! Demand for Mnchlnerr 6
Stand Untrained Usage.
...... , 1
H..iirrt,Mi At.f- ii.uwini in inn
nilAIIUlin,, . r, -
-.i. rntwtrtm fnf thltip-n clvlhtr t-Ooil
service a long time, electrlo plant)
equipment OI Sterling quality capauia ui
withstanding Untrained usago- la hi
.tw.n iiDirmhil now that electricity Is
oorMdg Into Its own In China.
Aiany oraers nuva ueen Hivcii iui
- ..M.I llnlttln, ntnhto far fftttntl
pgnui miiu ...,.iv..t 1
mills, and tho demand for lighting plants
for cities in me interior is eioauuj
growing. Steam turbines aro to tho fora
where large plants aro concerned and
are being Introduced to some extent h)
tho smaller plants sln.ee tha ride In
the price of exude oil
"7
Out of their silken prisons the
dusty little moths pierce their way
to lay the tiny eggi which become
the ''seeds" of the silk crop for the
next yesr. The rearing of the worms
Is an exacting science, requiring so
much personal attention that it Is
Impossible tn undertake the work
on a large scsle,
It Is because sericulture Is limited
to the fsrm homes In Japan where
the little spinners arc cared for so
skillfully, that they produce threads
of such superior quality.
The tiny little silkworms" sre
hatched nut on the papers on which
the eggs were laid, and then placed
in small trays. From this time until
these worms have spun their cocoons
they are cared for most constantly)
for the quality and quantity of their
spinnings depend entirely upon the
attention and feeding they receive.
The silkworms are most fastidious
in the matter of fdod, They eat only
fresh, finely cut mulberry leaves,
hand picked, from these trees, which
seem to grow best In Japan.
To feed these ever-hungry little
silk makers, leaves from trees cover
ing over a million and a quarter
acres are required.
When the worms are very small
they est seven or eight times a day,
and during this period the house
wives arc never very far from their
charges.
Day and night special meals of
the mulberry leaves, cut fine, must
he prepared and sprinkled over the
hungry little money makers.
On stormy days the housewives
get a little rest, for the worms enjoy
eating only when the weather is
agreeable to their artistic tempera-menu.
The hungry worms eat so much
and grow so fast that in the first five
weeks of life they Increase In size
many times. Hut In these five weeks
they eat enough to last them the
rest of their lives.
. When satiated, they grow restless
snd the farmer is glad, because he
knows his worms are ready to go to
worh.
When the silkworm goes to work
he undertakes his new Job with great
seriousness. Climbing up the rlee
itraw ladders, which the little Jap
anese girls have ready for tho oc
casion, he picks out a comfortable
spot and starts to spin. He works as
Industriously as he ate, for he never
stops until he has "done his bit,"
which is from joo to 1,200 yards of
silken thread.
and this Is the "crdp" the Japanese
farmer raised thousands and thou
sands of these little shells of silk.
All the time the worms were spin
ning constant care had to be exer
cised to prevent two worms spinning
their cocoons together. Double
cocoons cannot be unwound.
swleik'' tBRps
After sorting the cocoons for qual
ity the cocoons are boiled to kilt the
chrysalides. Then the tiny filaments
are caught up and the cocoons
literally unwound. As the Japanese
housewife reels these tiny threads
together they unite to form a single
uniform rounded strand of lustrous
raw silk.
Of c6urse there are many large
establishments In Japan which pro
duce rich silken fabrics for the mar
kets of the whole world, but every
farmer's wife weaves remarkably fine
cloths whenever she finds an Interval
from household or field duties.
And when the labn'cs ate complete
skilled workmen apply the wortdor
ful colors and patterns which have
made Japanese Silks eagerly sought
for by buyers, In all countries; but
by far the largest quantity and the
finest qualities find their way to
America.
Weight for Weight Silk Wears Much
Longer Than Any Other Material
mm1!
iihhb. mrmjmiMMsmsuMarssm shss-ajsi
sjstEl'iflt irflilsB JssskwuSsksm.
mm amnwrm trtwsmsTwttismwTmwmiiv- n v ivibu vivrimsMiW
1
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