THE NEW FORK. HERALD.
Vol. XI., Ho. ilV-Wboto Ho. Mf8.
W* jTwo Cul?
THE NEW YORK HERALD.
JAMES GORDON BENNBTT, Proprietor.
Circulation?Forty Thonaand,
DAILY HERALD?Every day. Price S cent* per copy
?$7 'it> per annum?payable in advance.
WEEKLY HERALD?Every Saturday?Price 8J cei.ts
per copy?$4 Wj cente per annum?payable in advance.
ADVERTISEMENTS at the uraal price*?alway a caah
in advance.
PRINTING of all kinds executed with beauty and
despatch.
Q13- All letteri or communication*, by mail, addretsed
to tue establuhment, muat be port paid, or the postage
will bo deducted from the iubscrlptioa money remitted.
JAMES GORDON BENNETT,
PllC?HlLTOR or THK New YOBS Hk.RALD ESTABLISHMENT
North went carnaer of Fulbin and Nassau atreta.
JNEW LINE OF PACKETS
LIVERPOOL TO NEW YORK.
Re fitter lturt hen
Ship. Caplgl^.. tons tons.
8K\ W Mwrard......8.7 1400
I.IBEKTY P. P Noru.11 ?9t 1.100
CORDELIA F. M. French... 1010 17 0
MEMPHIS C. H. Coffin :98 MOO
OHIO .....H.Lyon 7*8 1370
TAROLIN TA J. G. Smith 604 lino
REPUBLIC J. C. Luce 676 1175
GEN 1'tKKHlt.L A. M'Kowu 674 1160
Thev are all first class New York built shiiii. of the choicest
and liest materials, and well kaowe aa remarkably fast sailers.
of loon experience and nautical
e Cabins are
passengers.
.? ?I w ices, and
the rves are tix*d at sixteen guineas ea?h. The recmd cabins
a:iJ it erai.ei are lofty and airy, and every way adapted to pro
mote the eumfyrt ana health of ptssengeis it a cheap rate, find
ing their own provisions, except bread stuffs.
I he a, pointed days of sailing will be stiictly adhered to ?
Fieijfht of fine goods by this line 201. per tou. Apply to
C. OK1MSHAW St Co.
... U Ooree Pi <zus, Liverpool.
Persons who may wish to have their meeds cune ont by any
of the above named favoiite ships, can secure their passage, by
appl>uigio SAMUEL THOMPSON,
Old Established Passage Office,
alo lm*rc t7S Pearl street, 'j
NEW~YORK AND HARLEM RAILROAD CO
SUMMER ARRANGEMENT.
On and after Monday, April 14th,
1*46, the cars will run aa follows
.eave u ty Hall lor t.eav* City Hall for Leave City Hall
Yorkviltp, Harlem Fordham and Wil- for While Plains,
and Moirisi'nua. liams' Bridge. 7 00 A. M.
re 00 A. M. * 00 X M. 10 00
7 00 17 ro i 00 p. M.
8 00 10 00 5 00
9 00 3 00 P. M.
10 00 3 30
1 00 P. M. 5 00
2 00
3 00
3 SH
6 00
6 30
6 30
Leave Morriaiauia Lcava Williams' Leave White
at.il Harlem for Bridge for Plains for
City Hull. CitvHall City Hall.
7 40 A. M. 7 16 A. M. 7 10 A. M.
8 00 7 40 10 10 R
9 oe 10 40 a 10 p. M.
10 00 I 40 6 10 1
11 on 6 00
2 06 P. M 6 10
3 00
1 00
6 M
6 30
6 00
6 30
7 30
The Freight Tra<n will leave White Plains^ at 7 A. M , and
ilie City H<ll at 1 46 P. M.. for the present. all Im'm
ALBANY AND BUFFALO RAILROAD
OFFICE,
No. 50 Courtiannt Street*
NOTICE TO IMMIGRANTS. ,
, The Subscribers, Sole Agents in New J
York, for forwarding passengers bv ae-J
cond class cara from Albany to
are enabled to send them per People's Line Steamboats to Al
bany, and thence, per railroad, to Utica, for S2.0C ; Syracuse,
$-',92; Auburn, $3,36; ttorhester, $4 61; Buffalo, $6,9*. Chil
dren Iron) 2 to 12 Tears old, at half pric; under 2 years free;mrl
after the 1 ^th instant, all baggage on the Railroad is entirely
free.
All information as to different roofs given gratis, and pea
scatters forwarded to every port on Lake Ontario and upper
Lak*s. at the loweat rates. The subscribers woald call parti
cular attention to tha fact, that THEIR TICKETS ONLY
are recognized at the office at Albany.
Wi.LKk RICKER8,
Cole Aft* Albany It Buffalo Railroad, 3d class cars.
No. 68 Courtlandt street.
New Tftvrk, tth April, 1845. fc?lm*ee
FAKE $< N.-R>|yhr Opposition Line
? between Philadelphia sad Baltimore, from the
.lower side of Cnesuut street Wharf, every
Ivi?rn<uK. Sundays excepted, at 7 o'clock, through in 9 hours,
viz.: Cheeeieake and Delaware Canal, and connect with all
um line., soulIi and wrst from Baltimoie.
On the Delaware, On Chesapeake Bay.
Steamer t OUTS MOUTH, Steamer THOS. Jh'FFER
Capt. J. Devoe. HON, Capt. Phillips.
Aad th-outh th: Canal, adittanceof 13 milta only, are first
rate |> tcki t boils.
In fact tlie accommodation by this line, both for speed and
comfort, ik equal to any other line between the two citiss.
Philadelphia, April 17, 1846
MORRIS BUCKMAN, Agent,
al7 1m* m Office No. 30 South Whaives.
MORNING I.1NE. AT 7 O'CLOCK.
KOR ALBANY, TROY, aud immediate
landing*.
I he lowvressure steamboat TROT, Captain A. Oorham,
will leive New York from the pier at the foot of Barclay
str.'et. at 7 o'clock, A. M., ereir Tuesday, Thursday and
Saturday. Returning, will lea re Troy at six o'clock, A. M.
and Albany nt (even o'clock, A. M.,erery Monday, Wednes
day. and friiday.
The low Piei*ure steamboat ALBANY, leaves New York at
7 o'clock, A. M. Monday, Wednesday ana Friday; at Troy at (
o'clock, A. M. Albany at 7 o'clock, A M. Tuesday, Thursday
and Saturday.
Kor Passage or Freight. apply on board the boats, or to F.
B. Hall, at the office on the wharf. aJ2
NEW YORK, ALBANY AND TROk LINK,
At 7 o'clock, P. M.
FOR ALBANY AND TROY DIRECT,
? from the Pier, foot of 'Jourtlandt street.?The
?S:eim Boat EMPIRE, Captain R. B. Macy,
will leave the loot of Courtlandt street, every Monday, Wad
lie .day and h i .day evenings, at 7 o'clock.
Passengers by the above boat will arrive at Albany and Troy
iu a nple time tat talte the cars going east or went.
Freight taken at low rates.
For Passage or Freight, apply on board tho boat or to C.
CLARK, at die office on the wharf. aplfitfrc
PEOPLE'S LINE STEAMBOATS FOR
ALB AN Y?Daily, Bundayseicrpted,through
pwmbhhk?direct, at 7 o'clock, F. M?From the 1'ier l>e
tween tourtlajiut and Liberty street*.
The steamboat KNICKERBOCKER, Capt. A. Iloaghton,
will leave on Mocday, Wednesday and kriday evenings,
at 7 o'clock.
Tha Btiamboat ROCHESTER, Captain R. O. Cruttenden,
will leave on Tuesday, Thursday and Saturday evenings at 7
o'clock.
At J o'clock. F. M.?Landing at intermediate placetfrom
the loot of Barclay street.
The steamboat SOUTH AMERICA, Captain M. H. Truee
dell, will leave on Monday, Weduesday,Friday, and Sunday
alicrr.oons, at 5 o'clock.
The Steamboat COLUMBIA, Captain Wm. H. Pack, will
leave on Tuesday, Thursday aud Saturday afternoons, at i
o'clock.
I'assengers taking the above lines will arrive in Albany
in amide time to take the morning train of Cars for tlx
East or West.
Knight taken at moderate rates.
All iiersons are forbid trusting any of the boats of this line,
without a written order from the Captains or Agents.
i Kor passage or freight, apply on board the boats, or to P. C.
Bchultz, at the office on the Wharf. all re
FOR ULA3UOW?The line flut (ailing coppered
? Barque ALABAMA, C E. Ranlett, master, JW tons
MBw^urilien, will sail in a few days, having most -i her
cor*o eigaged. For freight, of bulk of 2M bales cotton, fcpply
to matter on board, west side of tturlinit Slip, or t?
WOODHULL ?t MINTURNB.
art ec *7 South U
FOR LIVERPOOL?To sail in a Tew days?Th?
,inperi?r, fast sailing, coppered and ropprr fastened
.New York built ship SOUTHERNER, T. D. Pal
liter, in-uter, will sail as above.
u. Kor I n mill of iOfl bales cotton or the bnlk thereof, or passage,
having eic?ll?nt accommodations, apply to the Captain on board
at west side Bnriiwtslip, or to
alJre WOODlltJLL It MINTURNB, in South St.
KOR LIVKRrOOli?To tail in a Tew dayt^The
tnparior, fast sailinc, coppered and copper fastened
jNew Vork built sTiip SOUTHKHNKn, T. O. Pal
mer, master, will n til a* above.
For freight of 4 <u hel?s of cotton, bnlk thereof, or passage, ap
ly to tl?' Captain on board, nr to
WOODHUI.L k MINTCRNS,
a84rc H7 South street.
? WANTED?<Jood' and suitable vessels to freight
( oal from Philadelphia and Bristol to Boston, Provi
deuce, Hsco, Norwich, Allen's Point, Oieenport,
nanlore, New llav^n, Middleton, Albany, Troy and other
.. v..?ai'koruw;"c,oT
ap26 1 w*rc II Dock street, Philadelphia.
firSJ- FOR NEW OHLhi\N?? Louisiana md New
aJWfVYork Line?Insular Hcket to sail sth May?The
fast sailing, packetship MARTHA WASH
T!>uTolN, Capt. Stevens, will positively sail ai above, her re
gular day.
Kor freight or passage, having handsome furnished accom
modations, apply ou boaid, at Orleans wharf, foot of Wall
street, or to E. K. COLLINS It CO.. 56 So nth st.
Ag? 'its in New Orleans Messrs. HULLIN k WOODRUFF,
who will promptly forward all goods to their address a27rc
FOR LIVERPOOL?New Lin*-Hegt.ltr Packet
? of the 2f?tU May?The elegant, fast sailing, packet
-shin SUKHIOAN, Capt. A. F, Le Pay Iter, of 1IH
tons, v ill sail as above her iegul it day.
Kor freight or passage, having accommodation uneqnal'ed for
s]il?-i 'lor and couifort, apply on board, at Orleans whaif, foot
ol Wall street, or to
^ IC. K. COLLINS It CO., K South st.
Trice of passage ?1W.
Packet snip Ournck, Capt. B. J. H. Trask, of I'M tons, will
succeed the Sheridan, and sail 26th Jane, her legular day.
a27 en
~ a X* BLACK BALL, OR OLD LINK OF LIVER
J?9wPOOL PA(;KKm-FOR 1.1 VERTOOL.?Only
jjy(||2^lte<ralar Packet of the 1st of May.
1 lie splendid and well known very fast sailing packetship
COLUMBUS, Oeorge A' Cole, commander, will sail positive
ly on Thursday, the 1st of May
Having umurpassed accommodations for Cabin, Id Cabin,
and Steerage Passengers, those returning to the old country, or
tending for tlieir friends, will find it to their intaratt and com
fort to select tbit aneqnalled lins of packets.
Kor terms of passage, and to secure the beat berths, early
Kulton street, neit door to tn? Fulton Bank, New York.
-I . S
HUtory of III* First American Negotiations
wlU China, u conducted by Commodore
Kearney, and leading to the late Treaty
with that Kmplre.
Washington, 25th April, 18-15.
The aunexed abstoact of correspondence, with
copies ol a portion of the communication to and
irom ihe Chinese Commisbioner and Commodore
Kearney, will show the continued exertions of the
gallant old tar l or the interests of his country, and
will serve to show that a large portion of the cre
dit attaching to the negotiation of the !ate treaty
with the Chinese, is justly due to Commodore
Kearney. I trust it will be extensively read. The
correspondence itself ib extremely voluminous, and
covers about half a ream of foolscap paper, and it
will, therefore, be perceived at once that this is a
mere outline, with copies of some of the most im
portant papers
Commodore Kearney on the 11 ih June. 1841,
writes to the Secretary of the Navy front Saldan
ha Bay, transmitting papers respecting repairs
which he had found necessary to be made in the
Constellation, and also copies of letters containing
information which he had obtained respecting the
Chinese war with England, the interests of Amer
ican citizens, the amount and nature of the trade
of the Uuited States with the Cape Colonies, and a
copy of the new Tariff of duties on goods imported
there. This correspondence numbers about 50
letters
Oa the 23ih J uly, 18-11. he sends from Table Bay
to the Secretary, a list of bills of exchange, which
he had drawn or had endorsed on Baring, Brothers
and Co.
On the 18th January, 18-12, from Singapore
Roads, he sends reports of the state of ofliceia and
crew, and also detailed accounts of the visit of the
U. S. ship Boston to the Irhnd of Megotta, in
search of American vessels and seamen who had
been wrecked.
At Singapore Roads on the 25ch January, 1842,
he wiites, giving an account of the operations of
the rquadron since leaving the Cape of Good Mope,
and detailing some of the frauds committed by
American traders in their trade with Sumatra na
tives, and the effect of which frauds on the na
tives, Commodore Kearney states, destroys the
etficicy of the measures adopted to prevent injuries
being inflicted on innocent Americana. He also
slates that the Dutch are extending their posses
sions in the Island of Sumatra, warring with the
natives, and obtaining the control, not only of the
pepper trade, but of the whole trade of the Island.
He also says that the French have possessed them
selves of a fine harbor in Madagascar, and are
building forts and strengthening themselves, under
pretencrlof aiding in a revolution in the Island
From Macao Roads, on the 20th March, 1842,
lie writes, stating that American interests have
suffered no detriment, and giving a list of the
English men-of-war there.
From Macao Roads, on the 28th March, 1842,
he writes, relative to some repairs of the Constel
lation.
From Macao Roads, on the 29th March, 1842,
he forwards copies of correspondence with the
Rajahs of the West Coast of Sumatra, acd also
with the King of Johanna. The following is a
copy of the letter of the latter to the President of
the United Statest?
Maiamodo, Island ot Johanna, September, 1841.
Sir I am vtry deiirons to be good friends with you,
because I have, aud always with lo be, useful to you and
your nation. I do all in my powar to aid your citizen*
who visit my harbors far health or refre?hments, and
Johanna itaeli I with you to think doe* not belong to my
self only, but also to you and your citizeD*. I have bad
a long unjust war with my uncle, which has injured my
pesple veiy much, and during that time I loft the great
est part ot my muuitiona ef war, and hope that, having
been always useful to your citisenn, that you will have
?he nobility and generosity of heart to Assist me in my
present unfortunate condition, by the aid of some powder,
mukets and lead, that I may continue to shield my people,
who alone look to me for protection.
Wishing tor yourself and your country all happiness
and that you m?v long continue in noace and prosperity
with all the world, I remain, your faithful frienl.
(Signed, in native characters :) SEL1M.
To His Excellency, the President
ef the United Stats; ol North America.
From Macao Roads, on the 8th April, 1842. Com.
Kearney writes,stating that the purpose of the British
appears to be to make a permanent settlement at
Hong Kong, and also stating that complaints had
been made of simulated American papers being
granted to British vessels trading in opium and for
warding a copy ot a notice he had caused to be
Sublished that no protection would be afforded
y him to Americans engaged in the opium Hade
From Whampoa Reach on the 11th Mav. 1842,
he writes stating the return of the "Boston" f rom
Manilla, the trade at which is reported to be sond.
auu giving an account 01 me itiendly nature of the
intercourse of the Chinese, who had made no ob
jections to his being so high up the Canton River,
and stating that the Governor and Admiral had
visited his ship which was an unprecedented oc
currence, except on one occasion, on the British
ships engaged in ilie attack on Canton. He also
actesthdt a channel if communication, contorting
wi h ths d'gnity of the Government of the United
Stater, has been opened, although an attempt was
made at first to have hit communication go through
the Hoag merchants as formerly, and transmits
correspondence showing that now direct commu
nicatiou is had between himself and the Chinese
Commissioner, as h? had insisted on that course to
maintain the honor and dignity of the United
States. He also transmits translations of an edict
of the Governor in relation to this, and also a com
munication relative to an American boat which
had neen fired into by mistake.and suggests "with
regard to the pre^ntstate of feeliugin this quarter,
the time would seem propitious for the introduc
tion of a Government agent, but separated from
commercial pursuits, whicti are so inconsistent |
with the ideas of these high officers in points of
respectability snd flinnding." He alsi> states the
increase of the Knglish fleet with other matters re
lative to the opium trade. lie also transmits a
transition of a communication in relation to the
imprisonment of Mr. Mores and others, showing
that it was in con??<juence of their not having had
the colors; ot the Uuit' d States in their boat, and
that they were released as Boon as it waBmaae ap
parent that they were Americana.
Ou the 13th and 19:h of May ne writes respect
ing the friendly relation^ with the Chinese and the
expectation of obtaining prompt redress for the in
juries alluded to in the last letter.
On the 25th May he states that the English force
ha* been materially increased.
From Macao Roads, on the 26th June, 1842, the
I Commodore reports his departure from Whnmpoa
and arrival at Macao, and transmits correspondence
between himself ana the Provincial Government
at Canton, with a man and some books furnished
to him by the Rev. ?. C. Bridgman of Macao.?
The following are copiea.of the correspondence
To hi* Kxckllsncv the Qotrrnor or Cantor, hi. h<s.
The undersigne 1 commanding the U. 9. A. wpidron in
S?? Cut Indie*, t* charged by the government of hi* conn
try with the important duty of protecting the lives snd
property of his oountrymen, engaged in nenorable rnr
?uita and lawful commerce. If they am) treated with In
dignity, or ire plundered by pirstcs on the seas, it is his i
bounden duty wherever hosrtives to manage these sf
fsir*, so as to give security to his countrymen ; snd to ,
maintain the honor of his nation, with all men, ererv
where he must endeavor to be at pesce, eonforminr to nil
ihtir Just and rightful u*sf;e*. When leaving hi" conn
try, he was specially charged to instruct nltvsya when on
the high ieaa his otticers end men in their profession ; to
reserv.: and return home sny distre?srd shipwrecko 1 mai
mers found on dtnolate ialnnda i and on his arriva in
Chin', it waito hn his first objec! to enquire regarding the
smuggling of opium by hia own countrymen, and not to
allow thun or other*, under hi* nation's flag, to engage in
that contraband trslo
On arriving in China, recently, his countryman certi
fied to him indue form that lo the spring of last year,
when the English attaskeJ Canton, they were alarmed
and anxious to r. move to Whempoa to avoid (he trouble*;
that to prevent this the Chinese high authorities repeated
ly issue! edicts, givingasautsncesot protection ; ard that
on the 'Mth May ths pn'ta?t issued a special one, in which
he declared, "that you who have always been respectful
ly obedient and long engaged in commerce, the high otti
cers of ths Celestial dynasty, in fulfilling the graeioua
pleasurn of hit imperial majesty towards loreigi.ers, will
give lull protection to the utmost of their strength, and
that should native robbers or bandit* come out to plunder
or molest you. they shall be punished with increased se
verity, and any good* carried ofi' shall be restored, *3 that
the smallest loss rhall not be sustained." Two of the
merchanta trusted to the faithfulness of ihs prom s sol
these high officers and rsaasined unconcerned without
f.sr. But unexpectedly the officers snd soldier* of your
country .disregsnling ail distinctions, broke into the facto
lie* nnd seized one of the merchants, Mr. Coolidgs, and
carried him into ths city snd kept him In cu? ody. Tt e
other merchant, Mr. Moras, seeing thise fesrful rroceid
ii'ga, got ready two beats hoping to esespe with his clerks
snd some of hia papers in separate boats One of the boats
in which Mr. Moras was did eteapn unharmed, but unlor
innately the other in which were ten men, was attacked
by soldier* soon stter she lelt the fsctorins. One man na
med Sherry was lost and his body has never ainc.e been
seen. Another, Mr. Miller, ws* nearly killed, having re
ceived many and very severe wounds. The remaining
nine were all injured, some more and same less. Thee*
men, bound with chains, were led into the eity and deli
vered over to the custody of the criminal Judge ; and
were, with Mr. Coolidge, after they hsd been recognised
m American*, by hM Kxoellenoy, consigned to prison.?
At tiut time the American Vice Consul, Mr. Delano, sent
in an adlress to the hi^h authorities, demanding tUair re
lease. To thisadJrtsi no reply was L'ivun After the
lapie of two d iti, the men were released from prison, but
leit unprotected.
Again, in November last, Mr. Edwards anl four men
going from Whampoa to Canton in a ship's beat, hiving
ntissed their way, were ten., d by officers and soldier,
he,ivy chain! were put arrund their necks, and they
w. re led into the city, and af.er having been severely in
jured, were sat at liberty.
Tho undesigned hereby begs his Excellency to have
the guilty offenders brought to justice, the injuries re
dressed, and the unsettled losses repaired. Then he and
his coun'rymen will be satisfied; unsuspecting confidence
Secured for the future; national honor milntaiaed; and
the two countries remain at peace with each other.
U. S. Ship Constellation, >
Wnampoa Reach, April 27, lb 1-2. $
Signed L KEARNfcY,
Commandicg U. a. E 1. Suadron.
An ort-ial reply to the Honorable the Commodore,
giv>nby Ke, minor guardian ofthehe'r apparent,I*rr?i
<!?*nt of the 11 jard ot War, Governor of Kwangtung and
Kwangse, Stc : ?
On the 23th cf this month, your despatch was received,
and fully understood. The imperial kindness to foreign
ers, ii, 1 conceive, universal. Especially doellt civil and
mllitaiy officers of this province fulfil the sacrtd plea
sure in giving security and protection to the merchants
of your country; always respectfully obulier.t.
La,t spring, when tho English created disturbinces,
and j lined battle at Canton, amidst the ccafosion of arm
ed men, Mr. Moss and others took to their boats, but did
not hoist the American flag; and there being nothing to I
distinguish them, was the occasion of their being mista
keniy seiz id by tho officers and soldiers, and also of their
ben,g wounded. On clearly asc?rtaining that the n>en
belonged to your country, they were delivered to the
Hong merchants, who were fai hfu'.ly to instruct them,
careiuliy cure their wounds, and turn send them to Ma
cao. There was no mention made by Mr. Moras and
others of the loss ol Sherry.
Concerning the things of Mr Moras and o hprs, which
were mtaung, and were not severally retained, I, the Go
vernor gave repjatod instructions to Swanhequa, to cft'-r
Urge rewards, and diligently to seek tor them; one book
wia found and returned last year, and the handbill for the
reward Mr. Morss has s-en. As to the book* still mis
sing, luither rewards were offered, and examination was
maao Ol this both Chinese and foreigners art well ia
formod. 1 beg again to examine end er quire.
Always hlthuito, I, the Gavernor, have treated meu
with sincerity and good faith, never deceiving them
Hereafter, also, to all the merchants and people in their
intercourse and commerce, 1 will instruct and direct <he
officers, civil and military, always in all tffiirs kindiy
to give security and protection, not allowing them to
create more trouble. Therefore be at ease, and I beg you
to instruct all the merchants of your country not to enter
tain suspicion or anxiety. Buc.a is my hope. With con
siderations f f regard this communication is made.
April 39, 1812.
An edict irom Ke, minor guardian of the heir apparent,
a president of the hoard of wur, member of the Censo
rate. Governor of Kwangtung and K wtngsae :?
It is authenticated that the American Vice Consul, De
lano, has presented en addross sayiig. that he had on
that day received a letter from the Commodore of his na
tions ships of war, calling on him to inform a!l the mer
chants of his country, that the previous day one cf the j
ships boats, having reached Eihame was two or three
times flred on with shot from the guns of the fort; also
calling on him to inform his Excellency, that he might
givo aa early reply. The Vice Consul as it was right
and proper to do, also declared that hia country had al
ways been respectfully obedient, and that the said boat
carried its national flag: and, therefore, he desired to
know why "he was fired on from tho forts, and, ii any,
what answer was to be returned to the Commodore.
On examination (find that America has always been
respectfully obedient; J, the Governor, therefore, in ful
filling the pleasure ot bh imperial majesty, kindly to re
gard men Irom ufar, have always given them security and
protection.
Uu tuc 31 inat. between 1 2 and 1 o'clock P. M., a boat
having proceeded from Whampoa by the small channel,
aoundiog north and south serosa the liver up to the bar
rier, and the aoldiers having in a proper manner admo
nished her to atop, and she not consenting, therefore the
gitna of the fort were flred. The hairier of the fort at
Eahame, stopping up the channel, waa built by the Chi
neae officers, gentry, merchants and people, in conse
quence ol the troublea with the English, and for the pro
taction of the provincial city. After the troublea cease
then the channels will be again opened as formerly.
The foreign merchants in the quiet and peaceful pur
suit of their business when proceeding to Whampoa,
ought after passing the barrier, to go directlv to the fo
reign factories, 'x he boat on the 31 mst. could have had
to neoesaity for cruising about and taking the soundings
The soldiers having repeatedly gone and admonish-d
her to atop, without her doing ao, feared thnt tha people
in her were robbers, carrying a borrowed fltg, and hav
ing some sinister purpose; and, therefore, they twice
opened their guns which never would have been done,
had she been in her place and not cruising about.
Her*alter let all the boats be informed, that, if in tae
quiet pursuit of their business, they ought to proceed di
rectly from Whcmpoa to tecchy,and not to go into all the
channels and take the soundings ; and I, the Governor,
will give oommand to all the officers and soldiers to abide
by thiir duty. Th?( both the one and the other will all
alike quietly engage in commercial pursuits, together
enjoying great peace. I, the Governor, will always treat
meu wiiu sincerity and good faith ; and the Celestial Em
pire and Ameiica,long bound toge'her fcv favor and jus
tice, will be without dislike and without hatred. I have
hear 1 that the newly arrived Commodore manage* affairs
with clear understanding, profound wisdom, and great
justice. Therefore, take this my explanation and careful
ly communicate it. Thic is the edict
May 6th. 1412.
ao ouicin rcpiy ro ino Honorable*, the Commodore, |
given by Ke, ?>inir *uardian of the heir apparent, Gov.
or nor ut the two Kwaug?communicated in oidirto
explain the ca-o iu detail.
The ssverU particulars of Your despatch before re
ceived, have been airnaly replied to; hit fearing they
were not explained lullicitntiy ia detail, 1 low again
make this explanatory or communication.
Concerning the things loatlast year by Mr. Mora* and
others, and concerning wound* received by Mr. Miller
au? otheii, it is to be remarked, that, on account of the
disturbances created by the English at that time upon
the nvtr at Canton, the impossibility of making distinc
tion between one person and another, led to the mistaken
seizure. Having on inquiry ascertained that the wounded
persona were Americans, it then becamc an incumbent
duty, soothiogly and mercifully to heal them ; and con
cerning the things lost, command'! were early given to
the I long merchants to act and manage well. But if Mr.
viaraa an 1 the others are atill unsatisfied, the said Hang
merchants are to be inquired of, and you the Commodore
will dcci le the case in accordance with what ia Just.
Concerning tie lis* cf Sh-tirj-, aa stu el 11 the despatch,
Mr. Mors* and the othera said not one word at the time
And supposing the case really to bens stated, it iato be
remarked that just at that time, the fighting at Canton
oa the river had commenced, and of the soldiers and the
people many were the dead. Haw then could he be se
cured and protected ? You, the Commodore, mmt clearly
understand this.
Mr. Coolnlge at the time gave to Elliott a list of the
things he had lost, sad $30,000 were paid by the Hang
merchants, and passed over to him by Elliott.
Mr. K. I wards, cnl the four men in the boat, by mistake,
went up the western passage ; and their thua net cob
forming to the old regulation, was the cause of their be
ing mistakenly seized by the officer* and soldier*. I have
on inquiry ascertained that there was for it no other
reason.
These things are equally known both by the native
and foreign merchants and people, and 1 again, aa bound
to do, state theia in detail for your inclination
Again, according to the fixed regulations of the Celes
tial Empire, foreign merchant vessel* are permitted to
come to Whampoa : the thipa of war, however, have at
wajsanchercd iu the outer sea*, not bring permitted to
enter Whumpjs. Now the American ships of wcrhave
already been at Whampoa half a month ; and the people
andsoldieis are not without suspicions and apprehen
sion* Hut on the !>th instant, the Admiral reing on
boatd theic shipi, observed that your behaviour in inter
course with him w*s extremely respectful and civil, so
that it I* apparent that the words ol the peoploareun
wonhy of credi*. Yet by long anchorirg at that plaoe
suspicion* will be unavoidable. By jour compliance
with the Axed regulations, snd early proceeding to the
outer seen, wo shall nllVe promote harmony and good
will, and forever en.joy fullness of pcac?.
forthis, I, thi (Jnvornor, ardently hope. With con
aldnrntions nf regard this commu-<icntion la made.
May 10,1 Mi.
T" His l',trit,i.i:srV tv* Ootsio* or C*"?toi?, .Ve. fc:.
Commodore T'eerney commanding th* H. I* A. Pqtiad
ron tn the ' est 'ndtea, mikes this second commjinicatioe.
Your Excellency's fovora "f the'10th April and the 16th
May, have been both received, and attentively permod.
The several particular* obligingly dcteiled In your re.
pile*, regardlog the Inquiries and losses of lif" and pro
perty, have beet r-lnutely and crreftilly examine J by me,
the Commedorn
Aa to the less el life of Sherry and the imprisonment of
Ocrtein Amerk-rtn citizens, there being the result* ef mis
takes, it would be aa difficult to prosecute at this late pe
riod, aa it would bi haul to punish the authot* thereof;
and therefore, the?e mialortunea mutt, I conceive, be alike
deplored by all who are acquainted with them.
The statement* made by Mr. Morsa, regarding the seve
ral leases subtaincd by himrelf, Mr. Miller, andotheis, by
the leisure of the heat of the American ahip Morrison,
Captain Benaon, have been carefully examined by me, the
Commodoic: and I have directed Mr. Delano, the U. 8 A.
Vice Conaul, to inform too Houg merchants of (he .nil
amount claimed by mo, and to receive the same, and ilis
tribute it to the several persons, Mori* and otner*, aa In
deoinity for the loases they suatained by the seizure of the
Morrison's boat.
Having to decide in accordance with what Is just, aa
iniinruted in your reply, I have not failed to regard the
liberality and confidence displayed by your Excellency :
and my claim for remuneration, being limited to actual
loaiea, will, I hope, hi satisfactory to your Excellency.
With assurances of respect.
June 4th, 1S4J.
From Hong Kong roads on 23d July, 1812, Com.
Kearney transmitd duplicates of the foregoing let
ters and correspondence, reports of state of crcws,
4cc., list of bills and acknowledges receipt of com
munications from the departments.
On the 27ih July, he forwards werka containing
Chinese state papers, and also works containing
first lessons in one of the dialects, and showing the
Bgress made in the acquisition of Chinese know
ge by the Americans
On the same date he writes giving an account of |
e operations of the Eugli&h forces, aud stating
'heir evident design to be to make an impression
on the Emperor, by making the war terrible to the
towim they attack.
From Macao Roads, on the 28th August, he for
wards the usual monthly reports.
SOn the 3J September he writes, stating his de
rmination to remain on the coast oi China us
long ts he can, consistently with the duties ol the
government to the men enlisted in his ship, as he
sees no prospect of the termination of the war
and considers it important to look after American
interfsts.
On the 4th September, he forwards an English
Canton newspaper, charging the American squad
ron with smuggling, and also a full refutation of the
charge.
From Hong Kong Bay, on the 23d September, he
writes stating that peace has been concluded be
tween the British and Chinese, and stating his in
tention o\ remaining some time, iu order to ascer
tain the feelings of the Chinese government to
wards the United States He also reiterates his
puggesiimi that " an agent should be tent from the
United State*?one that is not connected with com
merce?and that also some of our large class ships
iruuld be advantageous here, to imprest the Chinese
with a tense of respect fo^ht United States " He
also forwards a brief ab. idct of the treaty. Tnis
letter wns forwarded overland by W. Delano, the
United States Vice Consul at Canton, us bearer of
despatches.
From.Macno Roads, on 12'.h November, 1842,
Commofore Kearney encloses copies ot his cor
respondence with the Governor ot Canton and the
United States Consul, and his instructions to Com
mander Long to proceed on his journey home with
the Boston. The following are copies ot this cor
respondence :?
TO THE GOVKRNOR OF CiNTOIf, fcC k.C. i ?
The address of commodroe Kearney, corrmamWr-in.
chief of a Mjuudron of United States sir p?, respectfully re
presents,tlia', he learns with de?p interest the High Impe
rul Commissioners deputed to arrange commercial afl'uri
with the British are expected in a short time at Canton,
nad that a commercial treaty is to be ni gjtiatedto operate
in favor ot " British merchants" exclusively.
The undersigned is desirous that the attention of the
Imperial Government might he called with resptct to the
commercial interests of the United States ; and he hopes
that the importance of their trado will receive considera
tion, and their citizens in that matter be placed npin the
same footing as the merchants of the nation most tsvered.
The unde:signed does not press this matter at present;
but, trusting to the good and friendly understanding
which exist*, he submits the rase, and has the honor to
be, your Excellency's most obedient servant,
(Signed) L. KEARNEV.
Dated on board the U. S ship Constellation, )
Macao Uoads, October 8th, 1842. {
To COMMODORE Kk*R!?E?, &C. StC.?
KeS guardian of the young Prince, member of the
board of war, member of the imperial cabinet, and gover
nor of the two Kwaiifr provinces, states, in reply to the
subject of the loth ofuth month, (I nth October.) that I
have received your potite communication, relating to the
English commerce.
1, the Governor, have hitherto treated the merchants of
every nation with the same kindness. Moreover, the
Americans, who have come to Canton, have had free
commerce, month after msnth, and year after year.
These merchants have been better satisfied with their
trade than any other nation;and that they have been re
spectfully obseivant of the laws, is what the august Em
peror has clearly rrcegnized, and I, the Governor, also
well know : how, then, should 1 not rather, en the ces
sation of diAcuities with the English, wish to show favor
to them 7 Now, I have ordered tho Hong merchants,
with the said (Knglishl nation's merchants, to deviso be
forehand, and to wait tne arrival, in Canton, of the Impe
rial Commissioners, great ministers of State, when I shall
bavo received the newly devised regulations, concerning
the free trade of the English; then I, the Governor, to
gether with the Lieutenant-Governor, and Tartar Gene
ral, wilt immediately deliberate upon the proper adjust
ment ot the regulations, and will make a representation
to the Emperor, that he may hear and direct what shall
be dene.
Decidedly, it shall not be permitted that the American
merchants shall come to have merely a dry stick, (i. e.
their interests shall be attended to ) I, the Gavernor,
will not be otherwise disposed than to look up to the heart
of the great Emperor in his compassionate regard to
wards men from afar; that Chinese and foreigners, with
faith and justice, may b? mutually united, and forever en
joy reciprocal tranquillity; and that it bn granted to each
ofthn resident merchants to obtain profit, and to the
people to enjoy life and peace, and universally to partici
pate the bl? ssings of great prosperity, striving to have
the same mind. This is my reply.
C&NTOK, October 16th, 1812.
The above is a faithful translation.
(Signed) PETER PARKER.
Canton, October 19,1842.
Sm The war in China being at an end. and peace re.
stored by a treaty concluded in faver of British merchants
by Sir Henry Pottinger with the Chines* High Commis
sioner!, on the 20th of August last, induced ?? to address
a note to the Viceroy, requesting tho attention of the Im
perial Government to the importance of the American
trade, and clawing for the citizens of the United Statea
the same commercial privileges in China as may be
granted to the nation most favored. I enclose yo? a copy
of the Governor's reply, which may be considered very
favorable, ami it is communicated for the information and
satisfaction of those concerned.
Our commercial privileges in China, it would appear,
are to be based upon those efthe English,and subsequent
ly thereto,so that some months will elapae before any fur
ther steps can be taken, and therefore it is proper I should
proceed in my cruize, and I have to inform you of this
intention. I hope to sail from Macao about the first next
month, of which the merchants may be informed who
have communications with the west coast.
I will be obliged if yeu will, in the meantime, furnish
me with all the political and commercial information
which may be obtained calculated to promote the inter,
est* of the United Statea and their citizens.
1'especially, your ob't servant,
(Sigr.ed,) L. KEARNEY.
To P. W. Stow, Esq. U. 8. Consul, Canton.
Cawton, October 28,1842.
Sir?Your letter of yesterday, enclosing a copy of the
Governor's reply to your communication, I have had the
honor to receive. iThia answer must be very satisfactory
to you, and evinces a disposition on tho part of this go
vernment to grant evury reasonable call on them by a
representation of our owl, particularly when backed by
a heavy man of war.
You notify me in your letter of your determination to
leave this station on the first of next moi>th. Thial regret
extremely to learn, for at this critical moment, when a
new order of things is about to take place, when commer
cinl regulations of the first importance to the interest of
our merchant* and of our nation are to be made, and the
payment of debts due from the Cohong to American citi
zens is to b? demanded, (for Sir Hanry Pottinger has re
ceived the money ior the English claims.)
The .nagaitude of our trade, the contemplated duties at
home on iinport-i from hero, oft'jrding a very large reve
nue ol far greater extent than the whole Soath American
trade combined? the groat increase cf imports of native
pro.luct* ol our own country, altogether leaves not a
doubt on my mind, that it can never be the intention of
our government in leave us entirelv at the mercy of this.
You hava been here long enough to know the prompt
and immediate action by this government on communi
cations from the commanders of an American tqnadron.
It is my firm belief that year stay here until the middle
of Februaiy next, ii ofthe utmost importance. The con
tinuation of your cruize to the Weal Coast of America,
where there is always an ample number of ships of war,
will be considered, I think, by our govrrnmen', of minor
importance,compared to the unprotected state our trade
would be in if you leave here at the time you name.
If your order* arc not poaitivefor your viait to the West
Coist, 1ft us hope you will continue on this station, umil
?U the Arrangement* with this government and Sir Henry
Pottinger (ball have been completed, when I *hall consi
der the war at an end, and not before
I am, with great respect,
vour obedient *ervnnt,
(Signed) P. W. SNOW, V. S. Consul.
ToCohmooorb Kkarnvv,
Ccnmandlng TJ. P. Squadron.
On the l"?th November hr tranrmita duplicates
of th:s correspondency nnd stairs his intention to
remain eome lime longer in the Chinese sen, mak
ing a visit to Miuilia in tho meanwhile.
From Manilla Hay he writes on the 2Hrcl of No
vember, 1842, detailing the leaky condition of his
ship, and the necessity he will be tinder of relum
ing home in the moat direct way, imteud of by ths
Pacific.
On the 13th December, lie announces a change,
which heavy weather hod compelled, in Ihe course
of the Boston.
From Macao lioads on the l.r?th January, 1848,
he tranamitn pome correspondence on the subject ol
losses fiy Heard and Co., in a riot at Canton, on
the 7th of the previous month, in which they re
queued liu> interference to obtain compensation
trom the government, and also his reply, making a
communication to the government through the
Consul. ?
Oa the Kith January he announcea his intention
to proceed to the city, and make a direct commu
nication with the government relative to the above
losie9. He alto Halt* hit intention to addrtu the
government on the tup/eet of American commerce,
a tut to take the preliminary tlevt to make a treat y
with the Chinete, at otherwitt /? apprehend* that the
Uritifli Treaty will operate to the detriment of Amer
ican commerce.
From Canton River on the 27th January, 1843,
he forwards copies of correspondence with the
United States Vice-Consul at Macao, and United
States Commercial Agent at Canton, relative to
the losses of Messrs. Heard aud Co.
On the same date he writeaa letter to Mr. Up
shur, staling his reasons tor assuming " the respon
sibility of a non-compliance with orders to be home
from June to July, 1848," in order to attend to
American interests, and trusting that, in so doing,
he has only anticipated the wishes ot the Depart
ment.
On the Uth February, 1843, he announce* that
the claim of Measr*. Heard <Ss Co., amounting to
$2&i,430 50 100, Was not yet been settled.
Ou ihe simc date, lie transmits copies of corres
pondence relating to the above looses.
From Whampoa, on the 25ili oi February, he
writes of the probable payment of the above claims,
ana gives an account ot ihe state ?f feeling in Can
tos towards the foreigners.
From Hook Kong Bay, on the 7ih April, 1843,
Commodore Kearney transmits copies ot a commu
nication of hie to the Governor ot Canton, and the
reply of the Governor, which is as follows:?
To Hi? Eiciumicr,
Thu Governor of Canton, Sec , &C.,
The undersigned,Commodore, commanding tho United
States Squadron in the East Indies, has the honor of
making mis address, on the occasion of his visit to
Whampou.
With regard to the outrage, and burning of the facto
ries, and robbery of American citizens by the mob in Da
comber last, your Exce.lency haa been fully informed ;
and it i? known to tbo Commodore that your Excellency
has ordered payment to be made for remunerating the
Americana lor th?-ir losses on the occasion referred to.
He regrets, at this late period, to tind his countrymen are
not satufiuJ ; that an alleged i.. ability on the part of the
II?ng merchants to collect the amount due is the cause of
delay; a->d the Commodore prays to bring this matter to
the notice of your Excellency, aa three montha have al
ready pasted by, and lour more months delay required.
The claimants state that the Hong merchants wish to
settle with them by a bond, payable lour months hence ;
but this arrangement is not acceptable to them, and they
deoliae those terms I, the Commodore, will not under
take to determine what should ho done in such a case, but
leave i'. to your Excellency to do what is right and just,
that strict compliance should be onserved in fulfilling the
edict which your Excellency issued on the occasion, in
reply to the respectful address made by Edward King,
Esq., United States Commercial Agent, on the 10.hoi
January last. Th? undersigned haa (he honor to be,
Very respectfully, your Excellency's
Most obedient servant,
(Signed :) LAURENCE KEARNEY.
Dated, " On Board the (J. 8. S Co^steli^tioh, ?
Canton River, March, 1843 " i
The above ia a copy of the original address, as
written by C mmodore Kearney. It wus then
translated kto Chinese by the lit v. Dr. Parker,
and then re-translated into English, and the re
transiation is annexed to show the variation in
phraseology, when translated into Chinese:?
Literal Translation of Commodore Kmlrney's Jtddreu in
Chin'te to Ke, Governor General of Kicangtung, and
Kwangte ty the Rty. Dr. I'akkkr :?
The Ami riian nation'a man of war. Captain, and Admi
ral Kearney, having arrivid at Whampoa, communicates
with his equal, Hia Excellency tho Governor General ol
the Two Kwaug.
Touching the aflair of the Taou Kwang, the iil year,
the lith month, and the 7th day, the outrage the burn
ing of fsctories, and plundering my American nation's
merchants of meichandize,and foreign money, I am hap
py to know that Your Excellency the Governor Gene
ral is informed ; and 1 the Admiral also know, that your
Excellency has issued his proclamation to repay my
American nation's men their lost treasure.
Now, 1, the Admiral have ascertained that as yet my
American nation's men's losses have not yet been paid,
because the Hong Merchants state, saying that they
themselves are unable to collect so much money. I, the
Admiral, request that your Excellency will look to this
affair, as three months'have already passed, and four more
are req uired before the losses shall he repaid. My nation's
merchants, who have sustained these losses, these mm
state, that the Hong merchants wi?h to give bonds, in
four months to settle the account; but tins arrangement
my nation's merchants do not like, and reject it.
I, the Admiral, will not determine what is right to be
done, but leave it with Your Excellency to order what is
right and just, in order that V. E.'s proclamation of the
aecond month, and third day, to the Hong Merchants,
may be obeyed; (i e) the proclamation in answer to the
respectful petition of my nation's Vice Consul, King,
dated Taou Kwang, the aid yoar, lith month, and the
16th day.
It ia on account of this business that this communica
tion is made.
The foregoing communication is made to the Guardian
of the Young Prince, member of the Board of War, mem
bur of the Imperial Cabinet, and Governor General of the
two Kwang provinces, Kr.
On board the man-of-war named Constellation, new an
chored at Whampoa, Taou Kwang, the 33d year, and
the id month
Reply of the Govrmor Gmeral of Canton and Kwangte to
a Covimunicatioii of Commodore Kearney, if March 16,
1843
To thk Honorable the Amkbicax Commodore :
Ke, the Governor General ef Canton and Keoangse,
Member oi the Imperial Cabinet and Board ot War, and
Guardian of the young Prince, makes this reply to the
communication he haa received, and which he ful.y un
derstands.
Awvuiumg tv iuv cmuiionwi iaw? vi mc VOICIUHI
Dynaety, whenever among the people any sustain losses
by the ft, it is absolutely requisite to seize the offender,
and persevere to the utmost, that the original goods tbut
have bsen stolen may be restored la the present case,
the property lost and stolen should in jastice, as it is found
among the offender* w.th the (owner's) name upon it, be
seized and delivered up : but since the amount is exceed
ingly great, it cannot, at this time, be taken and restored
Therefore,the Oovernor has issued his proclamation, or
dering the Hong merchants positively to arrange, (for
the emergency)?for the Oovernor compassionates tbe
wisbes of men irom afar. Jiut now the Hong merchants,
in settling this account, instead of paying back the iden
tical property plundered, have fixed upon a plan?viz:
thov have sent up their petition, stating that being un
able, at this time, to meet the demand, they have taken
care to settle it positively?that within the month ol July
next they will pay the losses, but your Honor, the Com
modore, ha* communicatcd that "your countrymen dis
like this arrangement," &C. Previously to the receipt of
tnis communication, the Governor had ascertained that
Ihv sum duo for merchandise and treaiuie was not small.
Now it devolves on the Hong mrrehant*, as ia light, to
payoff all the debts (due to different foreigners), and
these are exceeding great That it ia difficult at this
time to pay all alike, as stated in thtlr petition, is really
true. What the Commodore has communicated, that hia
countrymen cannot wait a long time for their fey, is self
(vi lent and accordiog to the principles of human lesaon,
ai d the Governor has now entered the Hong merchants
strenuously to endeavor, positively so to manage, as to
settle one month earlier (than they propose)?that within
the period of June next the debt be paid without fail.
On a former occasion, the G>verror received your
Honor the Commodore's communication, requesting him
in his behalf to " solicit the favor of the august Emperor
to allow the merchants of his honorable nation to trade
anon the same terms as those granted to the merchant* of
other nation*," &c. As in duty bound, the Governor
having already addreeaed theEmpfror clearly upon the
subject, waited the coming of the High Commissioner* at
Canton, where they were in concert to attend te the
foreign relations ; but the Tarter general, Eleepii, having
arrived at this city, but a short time had elapsed, when,
mo?t unfortunately, on account of disease, he " went out
of office"?i. e. deceased. 80 that whatever may be Jtut
and equal in the trade of oach nation remains unsettled
It is, therefore, necessary to await the arrival of hi* suc
cessor, or. J when some plan is adopted, then n personal
interview may be held with your honor the Commodore,
and, face to face, the reia'ions between the two countries
may be arranged, and the same be reported to the Kmperor
for his disposal. 6
Thi* i* the reply.
Taou K wang, J3d Year, 3d Moon, 17th D.y.
17 March, A. 0. 1843.
From Maca*, on the 2lst of April, 1813, he trans
mits duplicates of correspondence and edicts rela
tive to Mr. Mors* and his losses, and announces
his intention to proceed to Manilla, relit and take
in provisions, and to remain in China.it he find no
vessel to relieve him, as he considers the state of
affairs to rtquire the presence of an American
force.
Hwp Macao Roads, on the 21st of April, 1843,
Commodore Kearney also transmitted various cor
respondence between himself, the U. R. Vice Con
sul and the Oovernor. The following are copies of
his communication to the Governor and hio re
ply :?
"earney, Commodore cf the /"merioar sbirvi of T#r,
and directing hi* country's neslrs in China, hereby ex
c'.aim* and respectfully informs your Kacellenry, more
particularly regarding V. K '* former communication, in
which were some expressions respecting the tra-lo. nnd
unsettled business between t^e two countries.
The Commodore is led to believe that your Excellency
has misapprehended the owning of hii communication
of last October, nnd in V. F ? communication of the 17th
ultimo, which the CommoiHrn hnt received, and which
he he* carefully rea l, he conclude* that V. E. suppose*
him to have received extensive porrers from ills own Go
vernment, able to manage the weightiest aflfcin, nnd
so qualified to settle a treaty with the Imperial Commis
sionrr.which.alierbsingraMflcd by hh Imperial Ms'e'ty,
shall b.torne a permanent treaty between our two coun
tries I, the Commodore, perceiving Y. P. cherishing this
good feeling, liuve already roipeetfally memoriali7ed my
Movereign fully regarding it. If, however, 11 1. M. will
declare hi* will 0lathis ponit,?try country will, no doubt,
rejoin to it in the tame spirit of nmity, end straight re
turn an answer, and *end a high officer to China, who, in
connection wita the lmp?risl Commissioner, will delibn
rate and settle a permanent treaty of lasting peace and
friendship. But to commence this good thtnfjr, to open
thia roal of mutual benefit, belongs to H. I. M.of China,
for to take that which will highly benefit another country,
and beg that country'.! favor to permit, i( rather dtnean
ing one's self and honoring another. America ia a high
ly prosperoe* aud great country, and need* to atk no favor
of any other country. Regarding hi* communication cf
last October, the Commodore r quested Y. R. to inform
hi* Imperial Majesty that hi* countrymen at present liv
ing in China ought to be treated with kindnets, and their
right* regarded ** they properly ought to be. If Y E in
reading these words, inferred that the Commodore wis
begging a favor from China, then Y. L. was undoubt
edly mistaken, for no luch thing was meant.?
Moreover, hi* own country would not allow him to
do any act derogatory to the high honor of either coon
try. It ia rather the dcaire of the Commodore alway* to
obey hi* own coantry'* high commands; and in any cn*e
to advise a* to thomeena of attaininx national benefits,
does not appertain him. But it he can be the mean*, al
though for a thort time, of procuring tneee great benefit*
for the trade ot his country, it will afford him the highest
?leaatire. If the Governments of Ameriea and China
rally know the Imperial will, ail difficulty will In fntnie
I be prevented. Kor the laws of hia oountry forbid all in
terference la th? internal policy of other o?untrie?, and
thereforeJChina need have no apprehension of subsequent
difficulties arising. But there are persons in all countries
wto, gr*S|/iuj for gum, and to bent tit themselves alone,
never regard the national boner; they who scheme tor
protlt, aud in all ways transgress laws, trampling down
all obstacles in their path, aie of this sort; these, too, who
by opium, gaining great profits,are getting their living,
it is we 11 known belong tu the same class. The Commo
dore has no other object besides maintaining peace and
quietness for his country m?n tiaJing here legally; and if
others are seized by the Imperial cruizsrs in the act af
smuggling opium into China, then let them be judged and
sentenced according to the laws.
Y. E.'s Itind expression in a firmer communication, haa
bean roccived with gratitude: "That his oountryaaeu
have been observant of the laws, contented more than
any other nation's merchants, with their trade." The
Cwmmodore has siucere pleasure in respectfully reporting
this testimony to his sovereign.
What course may be pursued ia future, and how long
the peace aud trade can bu maintained, rests with the Em
peror, and also whether his countrymen can trade hera
on the same term* with the merchants of other countries,
is a very weighty matter; and he requests Y. E. to exa
ir iae, tor if it cannot be equally permitted, it will cause
much unfiiei.dJy feeling in his own country.
The Commodore ulso avails of this communication
again to say what H. 1. M. grants to the traders from
other countries, his own sovereign will also demand for
bis merchants. And to prevent any subsequent difficul
ties, Y. E. will readily peroeive that in order to negotiate
a permanent treaty between the two countries, and settle
the term) of amity ana friendship, the sovereigns of both
countries ought to appoint high officers to negotiate
thereon", and settle the tems ol a lasting treaty, which
would be a great benefit ?
Y. E.'s former communication has been received, in
which the time (or the Hong merchants to pay the losses
of his countiymeu was fixed in the second decade of the
4th Month. Ilia cotiDtrymen regarding this time as very
loog havo repeatedly sent te me, requesting that the high
ottieers would older the Hong merchants to pay these
losses immediately, according to the accounts already
rendered. The Commodore knows that Y. E. will not
allow this trifling matter of trade to be the cause of future
embarrassment, and he, therefore, requests Y. E. at once
to order the Hong merchants to pay it. Besides settling
the matter of these lossei, tho Commodore has no fur
ther business; end thus to be dtlayed by Y. E. he
cannot regard with pleasant feelings. His countrymen's
property was plundered by a mob, and because the high
officers thus aelay to repay their losses, the Commodore
has already remained in Canton three months, for this
matter aloa \ He cannot, therefore, again biing this bu
siness before Y. E., but must respectfully memorialize
bis own soverign regarding the whole matter from be
ginning to end.
Tho Commodore has now no other business in Chins,
anrf only awaits your Excellency's reply to return home.
With sentiments el high consideration, Ice. &C.
Macao Reads, China, April 13,1843.
ToH's Excellency, Kb,
Governor General of the two Kwang Provinces.
Ke Kung, minor guardian of the heir apparent, Preai
dent of the Board of War, and Governor General of the
Provinces of Kwang Tung and Kwangse, hereby returns
an answer. 1 have received your communication with
which I have made myself fully acquainted. The various
particulars relating to the commercial duties to be paid
by each country, are all to be regulated uniformly by
one rule, without tho least partiality manifested towards
any one. As to what duties ara to be increased and what
dimiahed, or what poiquisites are to be retained, and
what done away witn, are, as your Excellency no doubt
already knows, matters ot public end equitable negotia
tion with the English We are awaiting the arrival ef
the Imperial Commissioner to conclude the negotiationa,
and after they have been laid before his Majesty and
approved, they will then pass into force in a uniform
manner for every country?they will not enable the En
glish alone to derive advantage therefrom, while other
countries are still restricted in their trade. His Imperial
Majesty's commands have already been received permit
ting the English to carry on trade at the newly opened
ports ol Eucnan Foo, Ningpo, and Shanghai, but whether
other countries will be in the same manner allowed to
trado there, I, the Wtvernor, cannot presume here to de
cide upon. It will be necessary to await the arrival of the
Imperial Commissioner, who will lay all the circum
stances belore his Majesty, and request instructions how
to act.
Respecting the matter of a treaty upon which you re
mark, it is well known that your honorable country is
amicable and well dispose 1 in the highest degTee ; rat
during the two hundred years of intercourse between
China and other countries, there has never been an inter
change of treaties. Recently, indeed, because we and the
English have been in collision for successive years, and
the two parties mutually distrusted each other, a treaty
of pasce was mutually drawn np, in order to remove aU
suspicion and jealousy?this arose solely bccause harmo
ny did not exist. But if our two couatriee carry on the
trade as usual, there will of coarse be peace between us,
and no formal compact will be necessary?in addition, it
would be nn unnecessary and circuitous act I beg
vour Excellency to consider upon this matter, and see if
it be not so.
Respecting the remuneration to the American mer
chants for tneir property lost, 1 have transmitted argent
orders to the Hong meichants to have it ready for deliv
ery at the time appointed in the fourth month, according
to the amount agreed on ; that time will speedily be here,
nor shall the matter be delayed any longer than that
limn.
To Hii Excellency the American Commander, Canton,
(Tankwong, 23d year, SJ mouth, 17th dry) April, 16th,
1843.
From Manilla Bay, on the 5th of May, 1843, he
transmits a duplicate ot his previous despatch and
announces a change ia Ins intentions. He also
writes on the subject of the participation of Ameri
cans in the opium irade,<Hating the measures which
he has adopted to prevent it, and which he thinks
will be successful.
On the 7th of May, he anuouncea the death of
two seamen from cholera, and that he ia tinder sail
and awaiting the return of a boat to proceed to
sea.
From Amoy Harbor, on the Coast of China, on
the 19th of May, 1843, he writes the following dea
patches, which are the last previous to his leaving
China:?
U. 8. Ship Coimtcllatiok, )
Amoy Harbor, Coast of Ch'na, May 10th, 1848. )
8ia: 1 have to acquaint you that aince my leaving Ma
nilla, on 7th inst, no new case of cholera haa occurred oa
board ; the officers and crew are now in good health. The
subjoined llat contains the name* of those taken and de
ceased. In proceeding noith, a great change in the tem
perature from extreme heat to moderate cool weather, haa
had tho bencflciuWfl'.ct to remove the cause of the ma
lady.
The water procured at Manilla, 1 am sorry to say, prev]
ed impure, or <1 in order to change the stock before going
into the Pacific, I have touched at this place. I attribute
the general good health on board, in a great measure, dur
ing the cruise to the plentiful supply of good wholesome
water and provision*. I have also to inform you, that
tbe American schooner Ariel, a notorious opium smug
S'er, hat just deposed of a cargo of that article m
is vicinity. 8be is one of the vessels referred to
in my last despatch. She sail* under tha American
flag without other authority than a bill of aale to one
Ueorge W. F;az*r, an American citizen, who without
any sort of mean* whatever, cow appear* as the owner of
very vjluablo American schooners on this coast in the
opium trade. I have ample proof that he doe* not belong
to any mercantle Arm whatever, and that he ha* not been
in tbe United S'ates, or out of this country for six or
eight years The American (chooser Mszeppa and
others, were expected here momentarily, br* 1 believe
have changed their destination orirnformation of tbe
seizure of the Ariel beiog sent out by their agents. Thia
same adventurer (Krozer) ia owner and master of the
Mazeppa.
The schooner Ariel has now on board a valuable cargo
for English opium tralert in Macao, from one hundred
andthiity to one hunired and fllty thousand dollars in
Syce silver alone, and the r< maindcr in camphor.
The American flar is now the only cover for thi* illicit
trade, 8> Henry Tottinrer having issued a proclamation
against it, nnd the f'ngliih craft having been turned away
from the riven, has placed tbe American* in a peculiarly
Advantageous poiition a* freighters under the flag of tko
United States. The British officer* have informed me
hrri, that their subject* defy them, by pointing to tha
Americnn flrg over that contralnnd article; but Ikam
In hopes that thia desecration will receive some salutary
lessors before I leave, in case I fall ia with any mora
vessels of this hind.
Wi'h regard to the Ariel, 1 have taken her papers and
colora from ber, and I bnve obliged her master ta dis
charge the whole of her cargo here, and then ha is ta re
turn to Macao. Her paper* are er.dorae?l by ate in a
manner whirh will render them unavailable, and ara re
turned scaled to the Consulate. War it not far the risk, I
would cend her to tbe l.'nited states ; but *he canaizad
once or tr7ico ia Boston harbor before she sailed, and i* a
dangerous vetstL Should 1 Dill in with any aeaworthy
vesseir of her character, 1 shall tend them home, that their
cate may be properly decided by the !aw?, er which the
owners, m wall aa the consular establishment of the Uni
ted States, seem to have beea clearly regardless ia making
transfer! tnat ara illegal. These sham pairs are well
known, by which our national character ia daily losing
S round,and will *o continue while the p-blic consular
utiea are confided to merchants, whose interests are so
deeply involved in the transactions before cited.
The *nb|oined copy of n punllc notice on thi* occaaion,
is respectfully presented far venr information The sub
ject has boen brought to the knowledge of the Imperial
o?!Uer*,t>y n translation ef tbe same into the Chineae
language.
I hare the honor to remain, vety respectfully,
Vour obedient servant.
(Signed) L. KEARNEY,
Commanding the U. 8. Squadron in the East Indie*
T i thii Howoaasta Tfis 8icc**Ti*v or thi Navv, Wash
ington.
To AMraii-:an MtacHairri |awo (tmiii -AU pereons
having goo4s, merchandize, or treasure, to ship from one
port a id another on this coast, are hereby cautioned
sg nn?t entrusting tha same on hosrd any v?km1 in the
'? opium tradr," sailing under the flag af the United fltataa
of North America.
Da'ed on board the U. 8. 9. Constellation, Harbor ot
Amoy, Coast of China, May IS, 1hi3.
(Signed) L. KEARNEY, kc ho.
Jt doe Lynch in Nrw England.?A maa named
Pnrkhursi, who had sold the favors ot his wife and
daughter for a contideraMe p?rW of ti??, and ? iub?i?
tinc.e at Hanover, N. H . was tsmd and feathered a few
evenings since, mnrched through tha streets, and instruct
ed to nult the town within s week. This JnsUce Is under
stood to hsve been meted out by gentleman connected
with Dartmouth College, whose seiantifle researches lad
them to the conclusion that the offender had t?en in the
vicinity long enough