The New York herald. [volume], November 16, 1848, Image 1

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if
TH
,
NO. 5279.
I THE SECRET C 8RRESP0JDEJICE
of
Louis Philippe and his Family.
Ltthe autographt de Marie Amilie a la Rcine de
Jre/ative au manage dt sa /ilk Marie
avtc Ic prince Leopold.
Madame, matrescherr Sjeit*?Je suis enipresse
tit* vmid fpmnionpr s>nmhi??n ip unia Hpm
nouvelles preuves d'amitic que voub venez de
nous donner. Nous vous retrouvons toujours la
meme, bonnv, coastaute et tidele amie, et j'ai bet-oin
de vous repeter combien ces sentiments sont
reciproques de notre part. C'est une veritable satisfaction
jHiur moi de voir de nouveaux lien9 se
former entre nos families, et nos deux pays, que
leure interets bien en tend us doivent toujours tendre
;l rapprocher. Je vois avec gruad plaisir que le Itoi
votie fils partake ces sentiments, et j'approuve intiniment
les dispositions qu'il nous manil'este en
toute occasion. Je viens dt> lui ecrire, et de lui
temoigner combien j'v suis sensible. J'ai prie
Ami-lie, de mettre ma Ieitre pourle Hoi duns votre
pa<)uet eaperant que vous voudnez bien vous charger
de la lui remettre de ma part, afin d'eviter les
reniar<|ues que son passage par l'umbassade
pourrait faire (aire.
I/ailleurs, ma chore ?rur,tout ce que vous dites
de votre excellent tils Leopold, aussi que tout ce i
sue nous avonsentendu et recueilli surson compte
me donne l'esperance que cette union sera heureuse,
et que le ciel la benira. Vous serez une
bonne mere pour notre Marie, et votre tendresce,
vob boas conseils a l'un et a l'autre les
feront entre dans une bonne voie, et lui conduiront
au bonheur. Les premiers pas dans toute car rid re
ont une grande influence sur la suite. J'espere
qu'ils se teiont sous vos autpices, et je desire beaucoup.
J'ai besoin de penser qu'en se separant, de
nous et des siens qu elle aime tant, notre bonne
Marie, trouvera une compensation dans l'artection
de son mari, dans la votre, dans celle du Hoi, et de
1 i? * u.iiaa
CO UvuUA IICICH ci uciico du:uio. vuuuiicir uuuuais
bien Palernie et les habitudes locales.je lui ai bien
decrit au naturel les a vantages et les desa vantages,
qa'on doit s'atiendre a trouver partout associ?s
dans la vie hutnaine, et je n'ai auoun doute
qu'elle ne s'adaptej bien a tout a que sa nouvelle
position, pourra exiger d'elle, le Prince l^eopold
ne lui trouvera aucune de ces habitudes de faste
ou de luxe, qu'il parait redouter, et je craindms
plutot qu'a quelques egards, elle ne regret!at
quelques uns de nos usages, que ceux qui existent
chez vous. Maisje n'ai pna^le domes qu'elle
ne s'adapte a tout ce qu'elle trouvera etabli et qui
sera juge nccessaire.
Quant au portrait qu'Amelie vous envoie, je
n'en suis pas tres content. Elle v est pale et triste,
et ce n'est pas ce qu'elle est. J'aimerais mieux
le portrait de Hersant, que je crois plus exact.
Amehe croit que vous l)avez a Naples, ce dontje
doute, et d'ailleurs la caisse d'un portrait a l'buile
aurait fait trop d'embarras, d'autant plus que ceci
allant a Marseille par estalette, elle ne peut mcme
pas vous renvoyer par la celui de votre bien aime
tils que nous avons vu avec grand plaisir, et que
nous n'osons pas faire copier de peur des Chiathumt.
Je trouve qu'il ressemble a ce qu'etait le
feu Roi votre Epoux dans sa jeunesae, et c'est une
ressemblance qui nous est chore.
Quant aux arrangement nous nous porterons a
tout ce qui conviendra au Roi. Nous crovons que
le mieux serait de charger d'abord confidentiellement
Butera de conclure et de signer l'acte ou
contrat que nous ratifierions ensuite lelloi et moi,
nelon l'usage et la
* Le reste de la lettre manque.?Note Jt VEditeur.
[trawlation.]
From the Queen of France, t'n her non handwriting,
to the Queen of JYaples, concerning the Marriage
of her Daughter Marie to Prince Leopold.
January 29, 1834.
Madams, my very dear Sister :?
I hasten to express to you how deeply I am
touched by the renewed proofs of friendship which
you have just given to us. We always find you
the same kind, constant, and faithful friend ; and
1 desire again to repeat to you the assurance that
these sentiments are most fully reciprocated on
our part.
The formation of new ties between our families,
and between our two countries, whose interests,
rightly understood, must always tend to produce
closer union, is to me a source of real satisfaction.
I see, with great pleasure, that these feelings are
shared by the King, your son, and I fully appreciate
the sentiments which he has manifested towaid
us upon every occasion. 1 have just written
to hiin, and have expressed to him how fully
sensible I am of these sentiments on his part. I
have requested Amelie to enclose my letter to the
King in her packet to you, hoping that you would
have the goodness to cause it to be conveyed to
him from me, in order to avoid the remarks that
might arise from its passing through the hands ot
the ambassador.
I assure you, my dear sister, that all you tell us
of your excellent son, Leopold, as well as all we
have heard and gathered with regard to him from
others, makes me hope that this union u-ill be a
happy one, and will receive the blessing of Heaven.
You will be a kind mother to our Mane; acd your
tendesness. your good advice, to both the young
people, will aid them to enter upon the right path,
and will lead them to happiness. The first steps,
in every career, exercise a great influence upon
all the succeeding ones. I hope that they will form
themselves under your auspices, and 1 greatly desire
that it should be so. It gives me much satisfaction
to reflect that, when separated from us and
from her family, whom she feves so dearly, our
good Mane will find a condensation in the affection
of her husband, in your own, in that of the
King, snd of her brothers and sisters-in-law. As I
am well acquainted with Palermo, its localities,
aud customs, 1 have described to her, very fully,
those advantages and disadvantages which one
must exnecttofind everywhere mingled in human
life, and I have no doubt of her readily adapting
herself to all that her new position may require of
her. Prince Leopold will not find in her any of
thope habits of pride and luxury which he seems
to dread ; indeed, I should rather fear lest she may
not, perhaps, on some accounts, have to regret the
greater simpl.. ity to which she has b?en accustomed
with us. However, 1 have no sort of doubt
but she will adapt herself to whatever of etiquette
the may find already established, or that shall be
judeed necepsary.
With regard to the likeness which Amllie sends
you, I am not altogether satisfied with it. It
makes her look pale and sad, and 'his does not
give a true idea of her, as she really is. I prefer
the portrait by Hersant, which I consider to be
more exact. Amclie thinks you have it in Naples,
which I doubt; but, at any rate, an oil painting
would take up too much room, and it would be
difficult to transport it, especially as she will
travel by express as far as Marseilles, and consequently
cannot take back to you the portrait of
your well-beloved pon. which we have seen with
great pleasure, and which we have not dared to
have copied, for fear of gossips. It seems to me
that it greatly resembles the late king, your husband,
as he looked in his youth; and this is a
resemblance which is very dear to us.
With regard to the necessary arrangements, we
shall accede to whatever may be satisfactory to
the king. We think that it would be best, in the
first place, to commission Butera to conclude and
to sign the marriage articles or contract, which
the king and I will afterwards ratify, according to
rustom, and - [Here the letter is broken off, a
sheet being lost.]
Document particular con/it au Comic de Rigny,
icrit ra tnturdc la main dt Marie Atnilic, tt reinA.r
J. ... till* HI.,*,* nnmr /?
tlf HH JflUI tUfiK Ut oi* yuw, iv i?rv? ?v / r i??v
I.in paid.
O'est le 20 novembre 1833, que j'ai fait une premiere
ouverture & la Reine Isabelle, relativement
k une union, entrc notre (ille Marie et un de aes
fils, le Prince Charles ou le Prince Leopold.
Lefljanvier 1831 Isabelle m'a rc|>ondu dans le
plus grand detail et avec efluaion de enmr qn'elle
anrait prefere le Prince Charles comnie plus rapproch*
du trone mats que celui-ci s'y etait refuse,
elle en a\ait parle ti Leopold, <jui avail comenti
avec pluisir et pour plus grande preuve elle m'a
envoys la copie de f>ft Irttre a Leopold amsi que
sa reponre aliiiinntive et son portrait. Tout cela
nyant eto fait d'uccord et avec l'a])probation du
fioi son tils.
J'at r<pu seslettres le 21 janvier. J'y ul repondu
le 24 et 23 du nif^me mois taut au Km qu'ii la
lleine Isabelle en lui expnmant quelle ctait notre
utitfactlon en lui dikunt quelle serait la fortune
de Mane en lui envoy ant le portrait de Marie et
en la priant, si le Prince de Hutera n'etaitpas encore
parti (son depart ayant du avoir l eu an moia
de janvier) de le niunir de leur? plcim pouyoirs
*
E NE
- MORN
pour drrsser et signer le con'rat. Mon 1101 ecrivit
en meme temi? au Roi et a la Reiae Isabelle et
dans Irs memes termes que moi.
Iwabelle m'ecrivit tie Home le 31 mars que Butera
avait ete oblige d'aller a Pdlerme pour ses atfaiies
mais qu'ils I'attendaient a Rome, avec le
contrat pour ae lu. continuer sa route i>our Paris.
Le Roi retourna ii Naples tandis qu'Isabellc tit
une tourn?e en Italie et resta ignorante de ce qui
se passait a Naples et a Palerme.
Le Prince de Butera paitit de Naples le 20 avril
arriva ici le ler mai, et me remit la lettre du Roi
dont copie ci-jointe, No. 1. II porta un projet de
contrat bien connu ii JV1. de Rigny et ll lui assura
ainsi qu a nous que e'etait l'ultimatum du Prince
Leopold et qu'il ne pouvait pas ecouter d'autres
propositions. Pendant ce temps Isabelle m'ecrivit
ltttre sur lettre de Florence me disant qu'elle esperait
que Butera ctait arrive que nous etions
contents et qu'elle n'attendait plus que d'apprendre
la signature du contrat.
Je reiioudis au Roi le 12 mai que nous avions
6te douloureusement surpris en voyant la clause
autsi injutte qu'inadmissible de iaire entrer Marie
au moment de son manage en possession des biens
qui lui reviendraient apres la mort de ses parents
mais que par affection pour elle autant qu'en vue
de la position du Comte de Syracuse nous avions
forme en lamille le contre nrojet que j'avais donnc
au Piince de Butera en le chargeant de 1c lui
transmettre. J'ecnvis en meme temps a Isabelle
pour iui renure compie ue iuui cria cu iui fuvoyant
la copie du dit projet ci-inclus, N'o. 2.
Le roi ine rcpona. t par la lettre du 3 juin dont
copie ci-incluse, No. 3.
isabelle me repondii de Lucques que les espnts
ctaient changes qu'on rejettait tout sur 1'interet
et ajoutait que c'etaient den porcheric qui repugnaient
a son caractere et dans lesquelles elle ne
vouluit pas se meler.
Le 19 juillet nous avons Wfu le Roi et moi les
lettres du Roi mon ueveu dout copies ci-incluses,
Nob. 4 et 5.
Butera ne nous a jamais communique le? instructions
qu'il avait recu a ce sujet en mume
tf.upsle bruit avait uouru a Na|?les que le Prince
Leopold dans sa reponse au Roi son frereavait
acccpti nos propositions mais que le Roi avait tout
ajourne a son voyage a Pulerme. Le Prince Leopold
cn revenant a Naplesavec le Roi a affirm^ la
ineme chose sous le secret a Mr de Latour Maubourg
lors d'une vimte que celui-ci lui tit au Chialamone.
Je repondis brievement au Roi le 21 juillet que
j'attendais les communications de Butera pour lui
repondre.
Les communications n'ayant jamais ct? faites
l'all'aire en resta la lorsque je re^us a Bruxelles le
27 avril 1835 une lettre d'leabtlle du 11 avnl par
laquelle elle m'annoncait que le Prince Leopold
allait iaire un [voyage pour son instruction et
commencerait par venir en France. Je revins a
Paris le 30 avnl avec 1'intention de faire reflechir
leabelle Bur les consequences qui deriveraient d'un
voyage de 6on tils a Paris apres tout ce qui s'etait
pafEv l'annee prcccdente mais le 4 mai j'appris
par une autre lettre d'Isabelle il n'etaitplus temps de
B'opposer a son voyage. Nous avons recu et
iraitc jueopoia corame un nis. .1 ai ecrit au itoi le
21 mai la lettre dont copie ci-incluse No. 6. et j'ai
refu le 2 juillet pendant que le Prince Leopold
etait a Londres ea reponse du li> juin dont copie
ci;inclu6e No. 7 le Prince Leopaldest revenu le 10
juillet il a repete et aftirme lui-m6meaMr.de
lligny tout ce <iu'il avait nrecedemment dit et affirme
a Mr. de Latour Maubourg et a nous. Le
Roi et moi nous chargeons Mr. de Rignv de lettres
pour le Roi de Naples dont copies ci-incluses Nos.
8 et 9. Le Roi lui a du reste donne tous les ordres
et ses inBtructionsauxquellesj'achereentieremeHt.
Note du Rtdaeteur.?Ioi i'arrete le document, dont
la suite a cte <-garOe. et ne none eat point parvenue.
[tbanslation.1
Private Memoranda Enbuttea to the Count de
Rigny, in the handwriting of the tyucm of
France, Relating to the Marriage of her
daughter Marie to Prince Leopold.
It was on the 20th of November, 1833, that I
made the first overture to Queen Isabella, with
regard to forming a union between our daughter
Marie and one of her sons?Prince Charles or
i'rince Leopold.
On the 8th of January, 1834, Isabella replied to
me at great length, and with the utmost cordiality,
stating that she would have preferred Prince
Charles, as being nearer the throne ; but that, in
consequence of his having refused, she had
spoken to Leopold, who had consented with
pleasure ; and, for further confirmation, she sent
me a copy of her letter to Leopold, as well as his
affirmative reply, and his portrait. All this was
done with the consent and approbation of the
King, her Bon.
1 received her letters on the 21st of January.
I replied to them on the 24th and 29th of the same
mnn K mu ondivnra Kpinar aridrpacipil 0a miioli fn
the King as to Queen Isabella, testifying to her
our satisfaction, telling her what would be the
amount of Marie's fortune, sending Marie's
portrait, and requesting her, if the "Prince di I
Butera had not already set out, fthe month of
January having been appointed for his departure,)
to invest him with full powers to draw up and
sign the marriage articles. My King wrote, also,
at the same time, to the King and to Queen Isabella,
and in the same termB as myself.
Isabella wrote me from Rome, the 31st March,
telling me that Butera had been obliged to go to
Palermo upon business of his own, but that they
were expecting bim at Rome, with the proposed
contract of marriage, and that from that city he
would continue his journey to Paris.
The king returned to Naples ; but Isabella prolonged
her visit in Italy, and thus remained in ignorance
of what was passing in Naples and in
Palermo.
The Prince di Butera set out frrim Naples the
20th of April, arrived here on the 1st of May, and
delivered to me the letter from the Kin?, ol which
>on have, herewith, a copy, (No. 1 ) lie brought
with him a draft of the proposed marriage contract,
with the terms of which M. de Rim was
well acquainted, and assured him, as wellas ourselves.
that it contained Prince Leopold's ultimatum,
ar,d that he could not listen to any other propositions.
During this time Isabelja wrote me letter
alter letter from Florence, telling me that she
hoped Bnteia had arrived, and that we were satisfied
; and saying that she expected nothing less
than intelligence of the contract being already
signed.,
1 replied to the King on the 12th of May, stating
<Knt lira lio/l Kaon lu>tK nriovoH an/1 onrnrioA/l (
senna the claHse, as unjust as inadmissible, which
stipulated that Marie should, immediately upon
her marriage, enter into possession of the property
that would come to her upon the death of her parents
; but that from affection for her, and al80 in
view of the position of the Count of Syracuse,
we had held a family council, and drafted h contract
in its place, which I had given to the Prince
di Butera, chirging him to transmit it to him,
[ihe King of Ntplea.l At the same time I wrote
to Isabella, to make her caquainted with all this,
and sending her a copy of the said proposals,
which \ou nave suhjointd. (No. 2.)
The King replied to me in ihe letter of .Tune 3d,
a copy of which is subjoined, (No. 3.) Isabella
wrote to me from Lucca, saying that they had
changed their minds ; that every thing turned upon
calciiliiiions of interest, and auded that it was a
piece of lioggishness, (porcherie,) which was altogether
repugnant to her nature, and with which
she would have nothing to do. On the l!Hh of
July, the King and I received letters from the King,
my nephew, of which copies are subjoined, (Nos.
4 and 5 )
Butera never communicated to us the inctructions
he had received upon this subject; but at
that very time it was reported in Naples that
Prince Leopold, in his reply to the King, his brother,
had accepted our propositions, but that the
King had postponed his decision until his journey
to Palermo. Prince Leopold, on returning to Naples
wnh the Kins, affirmed the sam* thine, in
confidence, to M. di Latour Maubourg, during a
\isit which ihe latter made to Cluatamone.
I replied to the King, briefly, the 21st of July,
stating that 1 was waiting for communications
from Butera, before answeiing his letter.
These communications never having been made,
the aflair remained in suspense, when 1 received,
at Brussels, April 27th, lK?9,a letter from Isabella,
# I a Ai.nl 11th in U'hinK ulip nnnAimppri f n m#?
that Prince Leonolcl was about to travel, for the
purpose ot completing his education, ana would
come, first of nil, to trance. I cnme back to Paris
the !!dth of April, intending to point out to lobelia
the consequences which might result from this proposed
visit ot her son to I'aris, alter what had
taken place the preceding year; but on the 4th of
May, 1 learned by another letter from Isabella,
that it was already too late to make any opposition
to hisjourney. We received Leopold, and treated
him as a son. 1 wrote to the Kinz, the 24th of
May, ot which letter a copy is subjoined, ^No. 6:)
and on the 2d of July, while Leopold was in London,
I received his answer of June l!Hh, of which
a copy is subjoined, (No. 7.) Prince Ijeopold returned
the Kith of July j he himself repeated and
affirmed to M de Higny all that he had previously
| stated and affirmed to M di l-atonr Maubourg ana
' to us. The King and I sent letters by M. de iugny
W Y C
fING EDITION?THUJ
t< ihe KiiTfe Naples, copies of which are subjoined,
(Nob 9 and 9.). The King gave him. moreover,
lull orders und instructions, to which I entirely
adhere.
Trois Ittltct avtoRraphtt du due d'Aumait & sa
mere Marie Am Hit.
Malte, oe 15 Novembre, 1843.
Chkre Majbste,?
Moil sejour a Naples s'est acheve, graces a
I)ien, sans que le Hoi ou mon oncle aientfait d'allusions
directea a leurs projeta de mariage,
comme Montebello me l'avait fait craindre, et je
leur en ai su bon gr6; car ils n'en out pas moins
etelort aimables; je crois que le lloi est en ce
moment tics Lien dispose pour la France et qu'il a
desire le temolgner hautement. Quant aux es
JH'IUHtTD man liiiuiiiaicr, K> 111 lot pvuiiio uc ir;
dire sans futuitc, je ne pense paB qu'on y ait complement
renon^e ; maiB on croit queje n'm pas
envie de me ivaner immediatement; cc uui n'a
pas empcchc les deux petites Princesses de faire
beaucoup de frais et de nvaliser de toilettes ct
d'amabilitcs; cela sautait aux yeux de toute le
monde.
Je me suis du reste beaucoup amuse & Naples,
malgrc le mauvais temps qui m'a presque conBt&mment
contrarie, et qui m'a empcche d'aller
voir a Caserte le lieu de votre naissance, comme
le l'avais desire. Le Vesuve a ete assez aimable,
le jour ou j'ai etc le voir, pour lancer beaucoup de
pierres, faire un grand bruit, et me montrer sdn
cratcre tout plun de lave enilammce. Pompei,
ou le Rot a bien voulu me conduire etquej'ai
visite fort en detail m'a vivement interesse ; on y
a fait devant devant moi des fouilles tres curieuseB
et tres abondantes, dont le Roi a bien voulu m'abandonner
leB resultats. ' La revue a 6te tres
belle; les troupes etaient nombreuses, bien tenues;
la garde etait magnifique, la cavalerie bien montce;
il est facheux qu'il ne tnanaue a tons ces
beaux hommeB que la premiere qualite des soldats.
Les deux b.ils, a la Cour et h I'umbussade, ont ete
tres gais, ties amines: on in'y o beaucoup parte
de Joinville et de la fete qu'il a donnee sur L
Belle Poule ; vous pouvez due ii ce cher frere que
la Comtesse ydafani a surtout garde de lui un
trestendre souvenir. Qnant a Castellamare, a
I3aia, u. Pouz/ole, je ne vous en dirairien; le
mauvais temps m'ayant complctement empcchc
de jouir de ces clelicieuses promenades. Le
mauvais temps m'a egalement emp&chc de passer
de jour devant le Phare de Messine, malgre les
calculs des marins; mais enfin je suis arrive ici
hter eoir, aptes avoir ete bien secoue paT la mer.
J'y reEterai peu de temps; car j'ai hate d'arriver
au terme de ce voyage qui n'a pas etc sans fatigue.
Adieu, chcre Majeste : cette lettre va partir
demain matin pour France, et ll iaut que je
m'arrete, car le pont de l'Asmodee est charge
d'ofliciers Anglais qui demandent a me voir.
Votre reBjtectueux file,
H. d'i )hlk.vns.
[TRAJhSLATION.]
From the Due d.' Auinale to his Mother, the Queen
of France.
Malta, Nov. 15,1&J3.
Dear Majesty
My stay at Naples is over, thank God, without
either the King or my uncle having made
any direct allusion to their projects of marriage,
as Montebello had made me fear, and for this
I am much obliged to them; for they have
been none the less amiable on this account. I
think the King is at this momeat very wellrliennspH
toward France, and that he has wished
to show it openly. As to matrimonial hopes, if 1
may be Permitted to say so without seeming to be
too much oi a coxcomb, 1 do not think that they
have been altogether given up ; but it is understood
that I have no desire to marry immediately;
this, however, has not prevented the two little
Princesses from putting themselvesto a good deal
of trouble, and from getting up tjuite a rivalry in
the way of toilettes and amiabilities ; as was evident
enough to the eyes oi everybody. For the
reet, 1 amused myself very pleasantly in Naples,
in spite of the bad weather, which thwarted
almost all my plans, and prevented ine from goine
to see Caserte, your birtn-placer as I had desired
to do. Vesuvius was so amiable the day I
went to Eee it, as to throw up a pood many
stones, make a great noise and display, for my
benefi(?its crater quite full ot burning lava.?
Pompeii, whither ine king was kind enough to
take me, and which I examined very minutely, interested
me exceedingly; some excavations which
were made in my presence, yielded an abundance
of very curious objects, all of which the king was
good enough to turn over to me. The review was
very line ; the troops were numerous, and in good
order; ihe guard was magnificent? the cavalrv
well mounted. It is a pity that all these fine fellows
lack only the very first requisites of a
soldier. The two balls?one given at court, the
other at the Ambassador's?were very gay, and
very lively. A good deal was said to me ot Joinville,
and of the fete which he gave on board the
Belle-Poule. You may tell this dear brother thai
he CounteFs especially, retains very tender remembrances
of him. As to Castellainare, Baia
Pouzzoli, 1 shall say nothing, about them, the bad
weather having entirely prevented my enjoyms
those delightful walks. Bad weaiher also, pre
vented my passing the lighthouse of Messina bj
daylight, notwithstanding the reckoning of the
sailors; but at length, yesterday evening I nrrivec
here, alter getting a good shaking from the sea
I shall ftny here but a short time, for I am impa
tient to find myself at the end cf this journey
which has not been made altogether withou
fatigue.
Adieu, dear Majesty ; this letter must start or
its way io France tomorrow morning, and I mus
stop, for the deck of the Asmodee is crowded will
English oflicers. who are asking to see me.
Your respectful son,
H. d'Ori.kans.
Ar-tnce (Vuifriijue.? Province tie Constantine.
Bathkna, ce 22 mars 1844.
Je n'ai pas le temps, chore Majeste, de vou:
donner des details nouveaux sur notre expedition
je vous renvoye au journal deMontpensier et it mor
rapport au Gouverneur, dont je vous adressc copie
liu'il me soit ptrmis seulement de vous dire que I(
Piat s'est montre digne de toute sa raw. II s'es
trouve, pour la premiere fois, sous un feu asse;
vif, devant un ennemi nombreux, etabli 3ur dei
positions founidnbles, et que nous enlevions avec
peu de monde; ll n'a pas eu un instant de surpris<
ni d'hesitation. 11 a conduit le leu de ludivisior
de montagne que je lui avais confiee avec ir.telli
gence et sangfroid, etil a eu l'honneur de recevoir
en chargeant a pied avec l'infanterie. une egrati
enure a la paui'iere qui fait tros-bien. Le voilii
baptise, et de la bonne mamere. M untenant, j?
i vhih larhrr de le m<>nafler nenriant le temos nm
uoiib renterons ensemble. Nousrepartonsdemiun
nous allons tftcher d'apprendre aux montagnardi
de 1'Aurea que 1'on n'attaque pas mipuncment ur
camp fran^ais. Dirs que cette affaire aura prii
figure, j'irai passer quelquea jours a Constantuie
?>u ma pr? ?ence est treg-ncossaite. J'en profile
rai pour vous renvoyer ce bon here, dont je mc
separerai avec beaucoup de peine; mais mmnte
iunt uu'il fait ce que c'eet, il n'a plus nen a fairc
ici. Je compte le proposer pour la croix, maisj'at
tendrai, pour le faire, le moment oil j'enverra
d'autres proportions an Gouverneur. Le bor
J a mm a ctc blewe ii cote de nous, heunusemen
sans aucune gravite.
Venillez remercier nia tante et Clementine di
leurs bonnes lettres, auxqtielles je n'ai pas le tempi
de i6pondre, et croyez que le suis toajours biei
reconnaiffant de l'exaciitude nvec laqu>'lle vow
vtmlez bim me donner toutps les notivelles qu
neuvent ni'inierescer. Chore Majestc, je vous em
brat-se comme je voits aime, c'est-ii-dire du meil
leur de mon en ur. Mes respects an Roi; mes ami
tics & loute la famille.
Votre reipectueux fib,
ii. d'orl.fcans.
[tkansi.atton.1
From the Luc d'Aumalc to the (Jtteen hit mother
Army or Ai rica?Pfovircr or Conrtantink. )
Bathkna, March 22, 18-14. )
I have not time, dear Majesty, to give you an]
further details relative to our expedition. I refe
you to Montpeneier's journal, and to my report ti
the governor, a copy of which I send you. Permi
m* merely to say to you, that le Piat showed him
self worthy of his race. For the first time in hu
life he found himself exposed to a pretty activi
(ire, face to face with a numerous enemy, occuity
in(r a formidable positioo, from which we dislodged
tlum with a very small force; without t
moment's hesitation or surprise, he directed the
fire of the Mountain Division, which I had en
trusted to him, with intelligence and ooolness
> R K t
RSDAY, NOVEMBER 1(
and he bad the honor oi receiving, while charging
on toot with the infantry, a scratch on the eyelid,
which is extremely becoming. So you see he has
received his baptism, and in a very good way;
and now I shall endeavor to take good care of him
while we remain together. We set out again tomorrow
; we are going to try and teach the mountaineers
oi Aures that a French camp is not to be
attacked with impunity. As soon as this Affair
has taken shape, I shall go and pass a few days at
Constantme, where my presence is much needed.
1 shall avail myself of this opportunity to send back
to you this good brother, from whom I shall part
with much regret; but now that he knows what's
what, he has nothing more to do here. I intend
to propose him lor the croeB ; but I shall deler
doing so until 1 send in some other propositions to
the governor. The good Jamin was wounded at
our side, happily not severely.
13c so good as to thank my aunt and Clementine
for their kind letters, which I have not time to
answer, and be assured that 1 am always very
cratwful for the minutenfss with which you so
kh..J', give me all the news that can interest me.
Dear Majesty, I embrace you just as I love you,
that is to say, from the very bottom of my heart.
My respects to the King, and my kind regards to
all the family. Your respectful son,
H. d'Orleans.
Armlt d'jlfnque.?Province de Constanttne.
CoNSTANTfNE, 14 AoQt.
Voici, chere Majeste, de toutesles candidatures
et de tous les arrangements que vous me proposez
pour ma succession, voici celui que i? preiera
Bedeau sera it nommc lieutenant-general et commandant
suporieur de la province de Conetantine.
Si Lamonciere allait taire I'interim du gouverneur
a Alger, Bedeau ferait le sien ii Oran, etalors
rappel de Silfcgue. et interim d? Randon a. Constantine.
Bugeaud revenant a Alger, Bedeau irait
prendre possession de son commandement. Je
craindrais Baraguay d'Hilliers, qui est un homme
d"esprit et un brave soldat, mais qui est peu organifateur;
et de ttTus les interimaires que vous me
propose/., e'est llandon que je prefere, mais sculc
merit comme interimaire, et je desirerais qu'ii en
lut prcvenu. 81 je doiB dire toute mafa^onde
ptnser, je n'ai encore connu en Afrique, hors
Bedeau et Lamoriciore, qu'un seul homme presentiint
cet ensemble de qualites pratiques et intellectuelles
de soldat et d'adminiBtrateur que je d6sireruis
uouver chez un commandant de province;
mats ll n'e&t, sous aucun rapport, en ligne pour y
pi^tendre en ce moment; e'est Cavaignac, des
Zouaves. Je crois, du reste, qu'il sera difficile de
ne pas le laire bientot Marcchal-de-Camp; Cavaignac
tient une conduite partaitement sage et honorable,
it est tropjeune et trop saillant pour que I'on
puisfe songer ii arieter sa carriere; on ne p lurrait
que la retarder, et ce serait, a mon avis, maladroit;
en ayaut l'air de lui donncr de mauvaisc giice des
grades que tout le monde sait qu'il a gagnes. on le
degageraif de toute reconnaissance, et on le rendera
t plus dangereux; il a dans 1'armee une popularity
reelle. \ euillez dire an Hoi qu'il est mort
un chef de bataillon du 2e regiment de la legion
rtrangcre, qui fait partie de ma division, et que je
voudrais bitn voir donner cette place a un brave
capitaine de ce regiment, qui a ete blesee a cote
de moi a Mchounech. If se nomme Meyer; il est
Suisse, mais naturalise Franpais, et remplissant
les conditions de la loi d'avancement. Depuis
plus de cent ans, un des membres de sa famille a
toujours etc au service de France; Iai-m?mey est
depuis 23 ans, et dans ce temps il compte
9 campagnesen Espagne.
11 id en Alrique.
3 blessures.
2 chevaux tues sous lui.
5 citations a l'ordre.
Enfin il a etc fait chef de bataillon sur le champ
de Bataille en Espagne. C'est un de ces bons
vieux types suisses que le Roi connait si bien,
sohdes, fioids, dcvoucs, modestes. Sa promotion
terait un vrai plaisir a tout to monde. Ma santc
eBt cxcellente, et vous pouvez etre k cet cgard sans
aucune inquietude. Je vous ai fait connaitre mes
projets de voyage par le dernier courrier, etje ne
crois pas avoir rien U y changer. Ma premiere
lettre sera datee de Bone, et, avant le 20 octobre,
j'espcre etre dans vos bras
[translation.]
Fri.m the Due tTAumale, to the Queen, hit mother.
(Signature wanting )
Army of Africa?Province of Constantine >
c0n8tantine, August 14. \
Of all the successors, and of all the arrange
ments, dear Majesty, which you propose to me,
this is what 1 should preter : Let Bedeau be appointed
Lieutenant-General and Conimander-inCliief
of the Province of Constantine. IfLamoi
riciere be appointed Governor, pro. tern, of Algiers
i Bedeau should be appointed, in like manner, Go,
I vernor of Oran, in which case Sillcgue should be
recalled, and Randou be made Governor, vrn trm.
of Constant ine. I should lear Baraguay d'Hillieres.
who is a man of talent, and a brave soldier,
but who is not much of a business man ; and of all
the ttmporary appointments which you propose,
Randou's is the only one which I should prefer,
i but only temporarily; and of this I should wiali
him to be made fully aware. If I were to say
plainly what I think, I have as yet known but one
single man, excepting Bedeau and Lamoricivre,
possessing that combination of practical and
intellectual qualities, ofsoldiership and statesmanI
ship, which 1 should desire to see united in a pro,
vincial Governor; but he is, at this moment, un
der every point of view, wholly out of the ques\
ticn?1 mean Cavaignac des Zouaves. I think,
, however, that it will be ditlicult to avoid making
I him Field-Marshal before long; lor Cavaignac's i
conduct is always perfectly judicious and houora- i
"t ble. It would be idle to dream of arresting his I
career; he is too young, and too prominent; it '
j could only be retarded, and that would be, in my I
opinion, a blunder; for, by seeming to bestow
upon him, unwillingly, the grades which everybody
, knows him to have won, all claim to his gratitude
" i w< uld be lost, and he would be rendered all the
| moie dangerous ; his popularity in the army is
I great and real. Be so good as to inform the King
' that a Major of the 2nd Regiment of the Foreign
i Legion, which formed part of my division, is
i dt ad, and that I should be glad to see his place given
to a bmve captain of this same regiment, who
was wounded beside me, at Mehouuech ?
? ! He ib named Meyer, a Swiss by birth, but natu;
rulized in France, and answering all the legal con'
dnions of promotion. For more than a hundred
1 years there has always been some meml>erofhis
family in the service of France; he, himself, has
. ' served for 23 years, and during this time counts?
. I 9 campaigns in Spain,
j II uo. Africa,
' | ;t wounds,
? 3 horses killed under him,
fi times gazetted.
[ I Lastly, he was promoted ui>on the field of battle
. | in ?pain. He is one of these good primitive
j Swi?s natures that the Kingknows so well?solid,
: cool, dtvoted, modest. His promotion would give
) i real pleneure to every one. My health is excellent,
I mid ) ?>u may be entirely free fiom uneasiness on
\ tins score. 1 irifotni? d you of my intended journey,
' bv the last courier, and 1 do not anticipate any
' ' change in my p'ans. My next letter will be datrd
! ; turn Hona, and before the end of October I hope to
' be once more in your arms. Your respectful son,
H. d'^klka.is.
> I.cttie (In Marfrhal Sou/t, Due <!c Dalmatit, a
| J. cum Phtlij'/K, tnritc probablemeut j>ar un tccritairc,
niait *!#? /< par lui-mcme.
! SIBE, ,
I^e l'rince de Montbart est venu me voir ce ma*
i tin, et j'ai eu avec lui une conversation qui, par sa
1 nature, m'a jaru dtvoir ctre i>orit;c ii U connaist
panic immediate de Voire Ma jest c- J'- serais
parti aus^itot pour la Lui rendre, si le Roi s'etait
; irouve ii Neuilly; mais Votre Majcste avail eu la
i bonte de me dire qu'Elle partirait ce matin m?me
l pour Dreux et la Pertc-Vidame.
s La conversaiion (|ue j'ai eue avec le prince de
i Montbart, avait pour objet Irs relations politiques
qui txietent presque contradictomMiient entro la
- France et l'Auiriche pour disposer y. M. le ltoi de
Haidaigne h lane pencher la balance en faveur de
rune ou de I'autre de c<a puissances, et ii ce itijet
le Punce m'a dit hup la PriactaM de Montbart,
qu'il assure Gtre en parfaiie intHlitfence et en correspondiince
ttoa rctuhere avec le Roi de Sardaigne
son fila.eat pfutot portee pour la France que
|k ur I'Auiiiche. Je lui ai demande al<>rs si I'ouveitute
qu'il me faisait avail l;eu aver I'aveu de la
Princewe; il in'a re pond u affirmativement, et il a
m< me ajoute que la Princease se propoaait d'aller
' l)K ntot voir aa fille, la Princehae Vice-Reine du
r royaume Lonibardo-Vt-nitien, et peut-^tre mime
) qu'elle irait jugqu'k Vienne, ou, probablement, elle
t prolongerait ?on ecjour.
Maia auparavant. S. A.I!, desirait aurtout que le
Hoi Kit instrait de la situation dana laquelle elle ae
i trouve f lacee, et des aentimenta qui l'anunent en!
vera Votie Majeate et aa politique.
J'ai aiFure M. le Prince de Montbart que je met
(rata un jjrand enipreoaement & rendre compte an
i Uoi de Tepanchfment qu'il venait de me taire. et
s memeque je proposeran k Voire Majeate de faire
appi-ler i)iee d'elle le Prince dc Montbart, afin qu'il
i rrp< tut lui-minie au R?i tout c? qu'il m'avait dit.
IER A
>, 1848.
II m'a repondu qu'il le verrait avec beaucoup de I
plaiair, pourvu que oe fdt nans interm?diaire.
Maintrnant que j'ai rempli ce devoir, il me reate
ii rendre compte au Hoi du motif qui a pa porter le
Prince de Montbart a s'adresser a uioi plutot qu'a
tout autre pour taire parvenir tu confidence a .
Votre MajeBtc.
Le Prince de Monbart a ?;t? ?ous mes ordrea
pendant que j'avaiB l'honneur de commander le
camp de Boulogne, et alors j'eus occasion de lui
faire accorder la croix de la Legion-d'IIonneur.
Depuis que lui et la Princecwe se sont fixes k L'aria,
je l'ai vu treK-souvent, et il m'a tonjoura temoigue
beancoup d'attachement et de couliance, en me
rappelant diverses circonstances du camp de Boulogne;
auBBi, j'ai toujours penfo, et je me r^proclie
de ne pas en avoir entretenu Votre Majeate, que
peut-etre il conviendrait a la politique du Hot, <iue
le Prince de Montbart pQt obtenir un rang plus
fcleve dans l'ordre royal ae la Legion-d'Honneur.
Je crois qu'il s'en trouveratt auaei liatte <ju'honoro,
et que la Princesse de Montbart en serait d'autant
mieux disposce en taveur de la politique de Votre
MaienlA.
j ai auBsi pensc que je devaic saisir cette circonetance
pour rendre compte au ltoi de ce qui m'est
revenu, de plusieurs cotes, depuis longtemp*; c'est
Sue M. le comte Mortier, qui est honore du titre
'Ambaseadeur du Roi pres S M. le ltoi de Sardatgne,
ne jouit ii sa cour d'aucune influence, je
dirai presque de consideration. On v respecte Ron
caractere, main lorsqu'il s'agit de trailer dee all'dires
qui ont quelqu'importance, on evite de lui en
narler. J'ai hesile longtcmps ii en mstruire Voire
Majest?; et j'ai l'espoir qu'ElIe aura la bonte <ie
comprendre le sentiment de d^iieatesse et de scrunule
qui m'a retenu; il ne falla.it rien moins que
rouverture que vient de me faire le Prince de i
Montbart pour me decider a rompre le silence que 1
j'ai observe jttfqu'k present. 1
II ee peut cepenaant qu'en rendant compte ii ]
Votre Majeste de cette ouverture, au sujet de In- J
quelle je me suis permis diverses observations, j'aie ,
pn lire ind Ucret; ?'ll en <>tait ainsi,je suppherais
le Koi de m'excuser en raison du motif du bicn de
son service, qui m'a porte h lea lui soumettre.
Dans cette attente, j'ai l'bonneur de prier Votre
Majesir de vtuloir bien coupler toujours sur mon
devourment le plus entier.
Je suis avec le plus profond respect,
Sire,
de Votre Mojeste le tres-humble et
tres-obeissaut serviteur,
Makuciial Due de Dalmatie.
Paris, le 20 mai l&lti.
From Marshal Soult, Due de Dalmatic, to the Km;,
Louts Philt/>i>e.
May 20, 18-16.
Sire?
The 1'rince de Montbart came to see ine this
morning, and I had with him a conversation of
such a nature that I have thought it my duty to
bring it immediately to your Majesty's knowledge.
I should ut once have waited on the King tor thin
purpose, if he were now at Neuilly; but your
Majesty had had the goodness to tell me that he
would set out, this very morning, for Dreux and
La Ferte-Vidnme.
The conversation which I have had with the
Prince de Montbart had for its object the political
relations which exist, almost contradictorily, between
France and Austria, in order to disi>one SM.
the King ot Sardinia, to incline the scale in f.- 1
vorof one or other of these two powers; and on
this subject the Prince stated to me that the Prin- , j
cess de Montbart, who is, he assuresme, on terms ! j
of perfect understanding and in constant corresa ,
pondence with her son, the King of Sardinia, is ]
more favorably disposed toward France than to- 1
ward Austria. I then inquired of him whether 1
the overtures he now made to me took nlace with J
the sanction ol the Princess; he replied in the af- : |
firmative, and he went so far as to add that the j
Princess intended soon to make a visit to her
daughter, the Princess Vice-lioyal [literally ViceQueen,but
1 don't know if we cau say it?it means
wife ot a Vicerov] of the Lombardo-Venetian kingdom,
and that she might perhaps even go to Vienna,
where she would probably prolong her stay.
But his Koyal Highness desired above all that
the King should at once be informed of the situation
in which he finds himself placed, and ?f the
sentiments which animate him toward your Majesty,
and toward your administration.
I nave assured M. le Prince de Montbart that I
should hasten to mlorm the King of the confidence
which he had just reposed in me, and that I should
propose to your Majesty to summon the Prince
ae Montbart to your presence, in order that he
mignt repeat to tne tung all that he had stated to
me. lie replied that he would see your Majesty
with much pleasure, provided the interview were
without witnesses.
Now that 1 have fulfilled this duty, it remains
for me to explain to the King the motive which
induced the Prince de Montbart to! address himself
10 me rather to any other, in order to convey
his confidence to your Majefty.
The Prince de Montbart was under my orders
when 1 had the honor to command the Camp ot j
Boulogne, and I then had an opportunity ot causing
him to receive the Cross of the Legion of Honor, i
Since he and the Princess have been established
in Paris, I have very frequently seen him, and tie
has uniformly manifested toward me much attachment
ana confidence, often recurring to various
incidents of the Camp of Boulogue; thus I
have always thought?and I reproach myself for
not havinc conferred with Your Majesty upon the
subject?ihnt it might perhaps be consonant with
the policy of the King that the Prince de Montbart
should obtain a higher rank in the royal order of
the Legion of Honor. I believe that he would feel
as much flattered as honored thereby, and that the
Princess de Montbart would m consequence be
even better disposed towards your Majesty's government.
1 hhve also thought it my duty to avail myself of i
this circumstance, to inform the kingof what has
reached me from several quarters, and for a long |
time past: which is, that tne Count Mortier, who |
is honored with the title of Ambassador of the
King at the court of His Majesty the Kingof Sardinia,
is without any influence at thatcouri? I may I
alniott Fay without consideration. His character |
is respected; but, when affaira of any impor- i
tunce are in agitation, all conversation with i
him upon the bubject is carefully avoided. I ;
Imve long hesitated to inform your majesty of this, !
and 1 hi'pe the king will comprehend the senti- J
nients ol delicacy and of reluctance which have !
' held me back; nothinglessthan the overtures whieh j
nnvc jUFi Iirrn muur lu lilt- uy IIJC ITIIICC ue ?vioiu- :
bnrt, would have decided me to break the silence
which 1 have lniherto ooeerved. It is possible, i
however, that in luying before your mujesty these
overture*, with regard to which lhave ventured to
ofhr various observations, I may have been indis- i
creet; if it be to, I wotijd beueech the lung to ex- '
cuse me, in consideration of the zeal for his ser- '
vice, which has led me to submit them to him.
With this nope, l have the honor to entreat your
Majesty to dei?n to count, at all times, upon iny |
most entire devotion.
I uni, with the most profound respect,
Sire,
Your Majesty's
Very Humble,
and Very (Jliedient Servant,
Mahmiai.i. Di kk or Dai.matia.
: The Cnitarilmi View of the Presidential ;
Klcctlon.
It would appear by our telegraphic report, that
General Taylor has oeen elected President of the
United States ol America. Prior to the election,
the hopes ol the whig |mrty were very strong, and
it is seen by the result that their hopes were well
founded. We hardly know whether we should
congratulate the country on this elevation ol Gen.
Ta\lor or not. He himself is an estimable man,
aid h ? party 11 composed of nearly all the wealth
and inti liigeiice of the Union; but on the other
htind, that paity is, and ever has been, opposed to
a low tat ill and the introduction of British goods.
The cry is protection lor native productions.
W herein, General Cass and the democrats,although
opponents in speech to Great Britain and her interests,
have always advocated a low tariff' and
flee trade. Tfeus.while the whigf speak the fairest
to Great Britain, and treat her wiih the utmost
courtesy, they close the ports to her merchandize
hi d mminfiieiures : whil#* the (fomnnr^ia >
in deiiUi.ciMti< n, and threatening war every instant,
neveithelej<B licely admit and consume the
commodities ol the nation they provoke.
"To the victors belong the spoils." This is a
maxim with our republican neighbors, which will ,
be Ctrrifd fully into action when General Taylor
akes his seat in the Presidential chair next
March. All the cilice holdeis in the I'nion will
be s nt to the right about, and others, ol the whig
party, appointed to fill the vacancies; to be th<?ifrlvex
turned out, should the democrats, at the
next Piesidtntial election in 1892, succeed, as in
all probability they will, in fleeting th?*ir candidate.
This coming in ar.d going out system, like
the oucketa in a draw well, may be all very well,
and truly proper, in a^, republic, but would hardly
njit a Foner monarchy. Nevertheless it has its advc
cates in r?nHda, where the government ia mo*
nsichical in name, but really republican in principle
and action.?A'tfigtton (Canada) fr\ig,
Aov. 11.
LD.
r - -
TWO CENTS.
Ltftnrci on Kurope?Knaola and Poland.
Dr. Baird gave the first of bit series of I,?etur** on
K.urop*, last night, In the Central 1'resb jturlan Church,
Hroome Htreet. The subject was Iluaala and Poland.
Notwithstanding the interest which than* countries
should naturally excite at th^ present time, the attendance
wan not so numerous as we expected.
The lecturer began by describing the geographical
boundaries of Kuspia and I'oland, and the geological
nature of these countries. IIu then proceeded to giro
an account of the aiiiuate, which wa* exeeedlngly severe
in winter. The poor serfs in the Tillage* protected
tlumselvei. however, from it* effects, to a degree be
yond our conception. They had stoves In their honiM,
and clothed themselves very warmly. Their overcoat*
were lined with ttheepakin, and for their lege they hnd
leather boots, lined with bearskin. The peor could
scarcely be recognised as human beings in their various
churches, ko siiauK* and outre were their droaa and
appearance. W tth the ri*b, however, it was different.
Ni<i?lthFtnndiri{ the ceverity of their own ellmat*, he
had henril nuului ?i ? '- ' -
i'ailo, wiiicii who owing, u? doubt, to their nit being so
*>11 prepared to withstand it liy their dress, and lbs
other pieventives winch tbey would have adopted at
bom*. Am to the middle and southern partn of Ruili,
the winter was much milder, though the cold In Mom**
wii generally m severe as in St. Petersburg. With
regard to the productions, they were very varied, the
principal being wheat; Indian coin wax not much
cultivated. us lar a* be knew, except, perhaps, in the
sonth. They had abundance of pear*, plum*. peaches,
and apricots, In the middle and southern parts of
Kusaia. lie then noticed the modes of travelling.
The public conveyance* on toe prinulpai roads were
nearly similar to the French diligences, and tbey went
mwnK witu a great deal or rapiuny. There were bat
three ureal public reuds in Russia with whioh he was
acquainted; one of thene led from St. Petersburg along
lbe (iult ol hiuiiitid to Riga, another extended from
St. Petersburg to Warsaw, aod was an excellent road
and remarkably straight. Dliigrncies travelled on it
siery Uay '1 here wan also a road from St. retembarg
10 Moscow When he was there, in 1H40, there was
but one public conveyance on It, and the Journey waa
not lnaue trout one piaue to tbe older m less than
three nights and two days; now tbere were many diligence*
running on it. The botels on the road were kept
mostly by Germans, but th? accommodations were
very indifferent. There was no publio conveyanoe
In the direotion of Archangel, and if one desired
to go there tbe journey must be performed by
porting, which was very expensive. Railroads,
however, were now being Introduced, and several
American gentlemen were at present employed
there in the construction of the engines, carriages,
ho. When the Ruffians travel, they someiiE.es
lake their own conveyances with them, whi?h
are of curious construction, and tbev travel by day
and night, never stopping at tbe hotels along the
road, un thwy are very dirty and comfortless. Their
convejunoe ia made in snch a manner that they oan
lie down c>r sit up in it, as they please. They also
take aa much provisions with thorn as are sutBoient
for the journey. In the lurge towns however, there
are beautiful and splendid carriages and conveyances.
But there was one peculiarity with these, of which he
never could understand the philosophy. When the
carriage was drawn by four horsea, as they generally
were, the two leaders weie placed at the distance of
twelve or fifteen feet from the wheelers. After giving
some further particulars on the manner of travelling,
he alluded to the streets of St Petersburg. The streets
of that city were very bad; there was not one out of
every ten ef them paved with wood, as was generally believed,
and in driving along the streets it was necessary
to hold the ladies en to their drowtki. or vehicle, to
prevent their being jolted out. This, it may ba imagined,
was not very pleasant driving, but the spirit of
improvement was at work, and will, doubtless, effect
In a shert time great changes for the better. He then
sailed attention to the various classes of people in the
Russian empire. There were 600,000 nobles with their
Families in Aussia proper,exclusive of Toland.the Bwltlc
provinces, and Finland. Taking in these, however,
they might amount tu 000,000. Among these nobles,
there wire not less than fourteen separate ranks:
Some of them were called-'your highness,"others'your
excellence."others"your brightness," and others again
by titles for which there are no corresponding termi
in onr language. Some of these titles were hereditary,
and some created by the Emperor; some of them
very rich, and others very poor. If many of tue latter
were not put upon the civil list, they would And
treat difficult} in maintaining their rank. The high
est class of nobles in Kusria were equal to any of a
similar class in Europe They were very refined anti
accompli bed, and apoSte the Kngllsh, French, and
German languages They spoke and wrote French
alruott as well as the French Ihttniehes. I'oinmerce
and manufactures were regarded as entirely beneath
their dignity. The next great class was the freemen
of the great cities, oonaifling of three millona of people.
It was upon thaee that the future hope* of the
empire rested. Tbey consisted of tnechanlos, tradtra,
tc Ihe merchants Incorporated themselves
Into guilds, and were treeuien A merchant worth
(10,000 of our money, belonged to the tlrst guild;
those worth $.r>000, to the second guild, and thorn
worth f1.000. to the third guild. The merchant* of the
blgbeit class live like thu nobles?eery mush as we do.
They get their fashions from 1'aris, as we do. The
next class consisted of the priests and the clerical
corps. It was raid that there was halt' a million of
Fieople of this olats connected with the (Jreek oburch,
Deluding women and children. They were as much
a sepal ate class, under the Russians, as the tribe of
Levi was among the Jews. Tbey were priest* from
ratbar to son. The Kmperor endeavored to break
up this caste sjstem. some time ago. by forming
? regiment of soldiers from the sons of priesu;
but ibis gave great offence, and was consider*d an
awful sacrilege The priests were extremely poor,
avaricious anu intempemte. Tbey were not held in
much repute, and to be called "the son of a priest,"
was tantamount to being called " a worthless fellow."
They were, generally ( peaking, ignorant, but there
were doubtlts* a great many worthy men among them.
It was an indlspensible point of ttie discipline of the
Greek church that the parish priests should be married
men, and be only ooce married, and they eould
not marry widows. If they lost tbelr wives, tbey lost
their parish, but tbey did not lose tbclr priesthood. It
was necessary, however, that the bishops and higher
eburch dignitaries should be unmarried men, and they
were seleoted from the monks. The next elass was the
most Important of all?lb* serfs. lUtterent calculations
had been made as to their number, but be believed
It would oome nearest the truth to state tfcem
at forty, tight millirns. Twenty million* belonged to
the Ktnpeior, viz., they were tellled on tba lands belonging
to the government. There were 1.000 (KM)
who belonged to the emperor's family, and wara also
appecdsgea ot the crown. And there were twenty-six
n iillonn and a half who belonged to the noblea. If ?
man bought an eetate of 10 .000 acres of land, in Ruasla
he bought, at the tame time, all the serf* upon It.
A jearly tribute was exacted by the nobles for each of
the ken*. If any of ibem got rich, it made no alteration
in hie condition One of the nobles In Moscow
had a ?rl much richer than bimeelf. This serf bad
clten sought to purchase bis freedom, but tbe aobta
would not allow it. from the paltry vanity of belag able
to fay. when he gave a dinner party, that be bad the
ricbift s?rf in lliiM-la to wait at his table. The enptror
has fr<"iuently attempted to better the oosdltlon
of the miff and even to liberate them, knowing, as be
d<ei". that the tmpire c?n never be anything till the
manes are libtiaied. lie said, tome lime ago. la a
coLNertation with one ot his prince*. that be strongly
desired ibelr liberation. When tba prince replied
that it was rcarctly time?that it was too premature
and it would bo belter to wait, and leave tneir liberation
to his Fon The emperor replied that such might
be the ca?e, but if he did not liberate them himself,
bis sou would never have sufficient energy to do so.
lie also faia tliat hlt> biotber. Alexautler. wished to lib
?iate tbem. but b?i al*o lacKed the requisite energy.
' No," continued (be emperor, ' I feel that tba Alii<
b t> ban g Ten ine the energy. and I aball dolt."
Sbiuld tbia ever be tho cane, it would, in soma measure,
atone to humanity tor tbe great crime* with which
he ttandi chained |'ba nut poiot cn which he
* if bed tn ?ay a word or two in c >nclu*ion, *u. the
Je*i. 'I be J?w? in KihbW unit Poland amounted to
1,&0C,C<;0. Tbey moi-tly all lived in the western part
of llu?*ia. and the old men ganerally walked with
a avoa in tbe r nands Xbey are poor, ftnd inclined
ioeng*ge in agriculture. Tbey were betterednoated
tban tbe ltuKfliana, and many of then rtlll oherl*h the
belief tbat they would yet be restored to their own
country.
I be ie?turer announord that on next KriJay evening
hi* l>o uie would be on the rame countries, and
tn at ct their government, religion, education, sc.
If we might venture "to bint a fault, or heiitate
dlllike ' to the style tnd matter of tbe reverend gentleman'*
lecturer, an tar a* we have yet bad an opportunity
of judging, we would venture lo?ugg?*t to him
tte propriety of committing to writing, In future,
whatever he bee to *ay on the ciiftomi. manner*, production*.
religion, government, iiC.. of the variouA
countries on which he intend* to lecture The conv*national
and e*temporaneo?i* *tyle la Ju*t the thing
for lurh lecture* ifltb- well done . but Dr Baird has
not that mental contoiui*tion which would enable
v.(~, t. it arith rrfdit to And tilrtn iua
U> hi: iiidli'DCl. If the Ivotiife, of which the abova m
u n t (ire abr tract. were g>ven an he *poke It, what ft
juuiLle of )? oofci rent ana badly aborted topic* wuuid
bo foi:ii?1 lulx?d up together; ? which would not be tbe
ca?e It the lecturer bad committed bin thought* to p?per.
It would al'O prevent a ureat deal of repetition
aod ?? !*? an w*ll an tllijr remark*. To tell an audience
tor I nrtni.ee, that a It net,lan winter 1* very cold,
le. to fj the lea,t of It, ft very cool-' announcement,
and not very HatWrin; to the audienn- to whom It i?
idilRMid, \\ betber the reverend gentleman adopt*
ihe ri-pgi-Mion or not. wv venture to teIt him, In ft
rlt rdl) Kpint. tbat It wou.d be a decided Improvement
if hia lutuiu Ucturea be more eonuuuted ftud lea*
diffuse.
Trick on tiik Clkkoy.? Some ix-rnon in Charleslow
n h?i) been lately amusing himselt at the e.xpenxeof
a cotirlderable number of 1 nltarUn or I niterfftllat
clergymen. to wbom be ba^ lent firged lett>|i.
inviting tbe?e clergjm-n, In the nane of the
committee i f a vacant eburoh In that city, to oupptr
the puipIt an a candidate forjettlcmeut. A number of
lettvr* have been received bj the committee from
eltrpj u en in different parts of the country, fteceprli>g
or declining the invitation to yieic Cbftiiejtoirn.?.
Bcft'in Tiai'tlltr, Aor 13.