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THE NEW YORK HERALD. WHOLE NO. 7378 MORNING EDITION? SATURDAY. MARCH 5, 1853. PRICE TOo cej^ HIGHLY INTERESTING FROM WASHINGTON. INAUGURATION or FRANKLIN PIERCE, AS PRESIDENT OF THE UNITED STATES Address to the Feople. The Policy of the New Administration. Splendid Programme for the Future. SCENES IN THE CAPITAL, Ac., Ac., Ac. Washington, March 4?9 A. M. Thin being the last day for the transaction of public toubinoHs, both houses of Congress were in session all last night, and will probably not adjourn until a few minutes of 1*2 to day. Drums hare been beating since daylight, and lirenien and military moving about in every direction. Stiow is falling fast. JC, There has been an immense crowd of visiters sinco day break to the Jackson statue, the admiration of which is unbounded. The Capitol is swarming to overflowing with ladies and Strangers. Hundreds slept in the rotunda, and the warm passages of Cthe apitol, lying down on theii cloaks, whilst thousands were walking the streets all night. The first train this morning from Baltimore arrived at eight o'clock, and the second at nine, bringing about 2,000 passengers, Pedestrians and horses from the sur rounding country are arriving in immense numbers, and the Alexandria boats are arriving every half hour, loaded. Captain Uynders, with a delegation of the New York Empire Club, with the Baltimore Empires, are marching through the streets. Hundreds of marshals, fiuely mounted, and equipped with badges and sashes, and the military and flromen, are moving to and fro, like an in vading army, preparatory to forming. The military and firemen make a grand display. Presidents l'illmore and Pierce were serenaded during the night by the New York Continentals' Band. The snow ceased at 11 >? A. M. ; the weather is clearing tip, and the sun peeping out. President Fillmore will vacate the executive mansion vliilethe inauguiation is progressing, and Gen. Pierce will be escorted to the mansion. The procession is now moving from the City Hall. Ther will march around past Willard's and take up the Presi dent. The open space at the east front of the Capitol is filling lip, thousands of ladies being present. Both houses of Congress are still in session. The win dows of the bouses along the avenuo are filled with ladies and flags are displayed acrossAhe avenue. The flsg pole in front of the Union office is decorated with the names of all the democratic States, eagles, and American flags. The Manhattan Fire Company of New York arrived here this mot nlng, and were assigned a prominent po sition in the inauguration ceremonies. They appeared to much advantage, and attracted universal attention. They have their splendid banner displayed across the avenue near Willard's. Cong! ess adjourned at 12 o'clock. The flag of the Senate was run down, but immediately hoisted again, on the assembling of the new Senate. The following is the programme of the arrangement at the Capitol, which was prepared by Senators Bright, Fearce, and Hamlin, who constituted tbecommitte : ? The doors of the Senate chamber will be opened at 11 o'clock, or as early thereafter hs the closing of the pre sent session of Congress will permit, for the admission of Senators, and others who, by the arrangement of the committee, are entitled to admission, as follows:? fx-1'resideiit* and Vice Proiidents. The Chief J ustice amd Associate JastieM at the Supreme Court. The Diplomatic Corps, Heads of Departments, and ex members of ei'her branch of Congress, and members of Congress elect. Offioers of the Army and Wavy who by name have re ceived the thanks of Congress. Governors of States and Territories of the Union, and ex Governors of States; the Comptrollers, Auditors. Regis ters, and Solicitor ef the Treasury, Treaiurer, Commis sioners, Judges, and The Majors of Washington and Georgetown: All of whom will be admitted at the north door of tho Capitol. Seats will he placed in front of the Secretary's table for the President ej^rt the ox President, and on their anfl left for the Committee of Arrangements. The Chief Justice and Associate Judges of the Supreme Ceurt will have seats on the right and left, in front of the eastern lobby. The Diplomatic Corps will occupy placcs without the bar, or the left of the principal entrance; Heads of De partments. Gavernors *f Slates and Territories, and other entlemrn entitled to admission, will occupy those on be right. Mem Iters elect and ex members of Congioss will occupy the eastern lobby. The eastern gallery will be occupied by other citizens, who will be admitted by the outside northeastorn door only. lhe circular gallery will be ro served entirely for ladios, who will enter the Capitol from the terrace, by the prin cipal WWtem door, an. I lie conducted to the rotunda and gallery. The oilier door* and entrances to the Capitol, except .those to be opened under thin arrangement, will be kept colored. Tlte Senate will assemble at 12 o'clock. 7he Diplomatic Corps and tho Justices or the Supreme Court will enter the Senate chamber a few minutes before the Pre-ident elect. Tho President elect, accompanied by the Committee of Arrangements of the Senate, will proceed in a carriage from his lodgings to the northern gate of the Capitol pquare and enter the Capitol by the northern door: and the Senate being then duly organized, the President elect will be conducted to the seat prepared for him in the Senate. After a fhort pause, those assembled in tho Senate oknmber will proceed to the eastern portico of the Capi tol. in the following order: ? The Mai . lial of the District of Columbia. 7 he Supreme Court of tho United The Sergeant at Arms of the Senate. The Committee of Arrangements. The President elect and the ex President. The Pre-ident pro tempore and tho Secretary of the Fenalo Ibe Mi rubers of the Senate. The Dipb inatic Corps. Heads of Departments, Governors of States and Terri tories, the Mayors of Washington and Georgetown, and other persons who shall hive been admitted into tho Senate chamber. <Jn icaching the front of the portico, the President clect wdl take the seat provided for him on the Trent of the platfo! m. The ex-Prasidettt and the Committee of Arrangements will occupy a position in the rear of the President eloct. ' Next. In the rear of these, the Chief Justice and tha Associate Judges of the Supreme Court will occupy the feats on thp left, and tho President pro tempore, Sec lets ry, and numbers of the Senate, tho?o on tho right. The Diplomatic Corns will occupy the seats next in the rear of thoSupiemc Court; Heeds of Departments, Gover nors of States and Territories, and ox members of the Senate, ex members and members olect of the Home of Representatives, in the rear of the meinliossof theSnnetO. Such other persons as aro included In tho preceding arrangement* will occupy the stops and tho residue oi the portico. All being in readiness, the oath of oOlco will bo admin istered to the President elect bv tho 'Chief Justice; an. I, on the conclusion of the President's address, the inern hers ?if the . mate, preceded by the President jffo temjion', Secretary, and Sergeant at Arms, will return to the Senate chamber; and the President, accompanied by tho I'oiundtte* of Arrangements, will proceed to the Presi dent's lmii' c. The Sergeant at Arms of the Senate Is charged with the ?xecution of them; arrangements; and, with the Marshal ?f the Di-trict of Columbia, aided by the police of the Capitol, will preserve order. All carnages and horses will be excluded from the ('a pi Tol square, whether in the u>e of the military or other wife. These arrangements have been made with the desire that the greatest possible accommodation be given to the people to witness the ammOnlM. The arrangements within the Capitol wore, from necessity, formed with re ference to the limited capacity of the Senate chamber; and tho?e for the exterior were deemed most appropriate, with a view of affording the assembled multitude ail op portunity of witnessing the inauguration. The procession is now countermarching on the avenue, in front of Willard's. General Pierce has taken his seat in the carriage. Hells are ringing, cannon tiring, and the excitement interne. The pr cession moved at IS o'clock, in the following order ? Chief Marshal, with corps of alls. Marshals, with blue scarfs white rosettes, white satin collar- trimmed with blue au J pink, with batons. Assistants, with pink scarf*. Judiciarv? Supreme Court. the Clergy. Military, under command of Col. Illckejr. Brigs*' Buttery, four cannon. Mechanical Artillery, from Alexandria, two cannon. Col. Frank Taylor's Flying Artillery, from Fojt Molleary, four cannon. Portsmouth. Va , Artillery. A large detachment of U. S Murines," with bauds, law Greys of Baltimore. and band. Young Guard, from Richmond, Ya. Rifles, Richmond. National Guaid of Harrhburg, the only company from Pennsylvania. New York Continentals, with Adkin's Rind. German Yagers, with Baltimore Baud. Jack?on Guard, Baltimore. Washington Guard, Raltimore. k Sharp Shooters Baltimore. Washington Continental*. Washington Light Infantry, Band. National Orayi, Washington. Montgomery Guard, Washington. German Yrgers, Baltimore. Band. Mount Vernon Guard, Alexandria. Walker's Sharp Shooters, Washington. President of the United Stites, With the PRESIDENT ELECT, And suite, with citizens. Marshals on left, and United States Marshal for District o Columbia, and Deputies, on right. Committee of Arrangements. Senate of the Dnited States. Foreign Ministers. Corps Diplomatic. Members tlect, Members, and Ex-Members of Congress, and ex Members of the Cabinet. Governors and ex Governors of States and Territories, and members of Legislatures of the same. Officers of the Army and Navy, Marine Corps and Militia. Officers and soldiers of the Revolution \nd the war of 1312, and all other wars. Tho corporate authorities of Washington and Georgetown. 'the Jackson Democratic Association. The Georgetown Democratic Association. The Manhattan Fire Company, of New York. The Baltimore Democratic Association. Tho New York Empire ('lub. The Baltimore Empire Club (in an immense omnibus, diawn by ten horses, and decorated with tla^j). Democratic Pioneers, of Baltimore, with Marshall and a Band . The Democratic Association, of Alexandria, Virginia. ? The Columbia Hose Company, of Baltimore. The Washington firemen did not parade. The President elect stood erect in the carriage with President Fillmore by his side, surroundod by Marshals, and bowed to cons ant cheers, and waving handkerchiefs from the windows. The foreign ministers made a fine appearance, in spUn did carriages, with full court dresses. The procession commenced passing the National Hote' twenty minutes before 1, at a brisk pace, and the end had passed at 1, being about a mile long. It commencod snowing again, which curtailed the civic portion of the procession. The procession reached the Capitol at one o'clock, 'and the Presidents, with officials, passed into the Senate cham ber. The President and President elect took seats in front of the Secretary's table, with the Committee of Arrange ments on their right and left. The Chief Justice and Associate Justices of the Su preme Court were seated in front of the oastern lobby. The diplomatic corps were outside the bar, on the right of tho principal entrance, and the heads of departments and Governors on the left. At a quarter past one o'clock, the Marshal of the District, with the Judges of the Su preme Court, followed by the President and President clect, and the entire.assemblage in the Senate, started in procession to tho eastern front of the Capitol, where an immense staging was erected sufficiently large to accom modate all. At half past one o'clock, all being arranged, the oath of office v\'M administered to General I'iercc by the Chief Justice, as follows: ? I do solemnly affirm that I will faithfully execute the office of 1'rcsident of the United States, and will, to the best of my ability, preserve, protect, and defend tho con stitution of the United States. It will be remarked that General Pierce, in taking the oath, did not, as has been ordinarily the custum, say "I solemnly swear,'' but I solemnly affirm; and instead of kissing the book in Southern fashion, ho raised his right hand and held it aloft until the pledge was read. The wholo of the ceremony was admirably carried out. Pass ing through the Senate chamber, Mr. Fillmore, turning off towards a side door, wa? momentarily separated from Gen. Pierce, when tho latter said, "this way ? let us work right in;'" aad in they went. The Inaugural was not pub lished until near dark. Tho Union takes its time. Immediately before tho address, when General Pierce took the oath, with head uncovered, and raising one hand to bearen, while he laid the other on the Iloly Pook, the spectators also uncovered, even in the snoir that was falling at th?t time, and many of them litted up their hands as if in an act of the most fervent devotion. It was a solemn scene. The address, which the President delivered unfalteringly from memory, and without a sin gle note, was received with great enthusiasm by the vast multitude, particularly those portions of it that asserted the Monroe doctrine, the protection of American citizens abroad, the firm adherence of the President to the Com promise measures, and hi* determination to carry' out the Fugitive Slave law. Cries of good, good, and other warm expressions of admiration, were elicited from the crowd. The sentiments ? the tone of the address ? the earnest manner in which it was spoken ? his beautiful action ? his manly, erect appearnncc ? his palo cast of countenance, in which intellect and courage we re the pre dominating features ? and his clear, loud voice, distinctly beard by the remotest of his audience, all combined to make a deep impression in favor of General Pierce; and many asserted that this was the best inaugural address ever delivered from that spot. lie is undoubtedly a very effective speaker. He remained with his hat off until tho close of the proceedings. The ladies were in ecstactes, and so anxious were some who happened to be in the rear to see and hear him, that they climbed upon the pedi ments of the columns of the Capitol, to their no small clanger. Altogether, it was a glorious spectacle of sublime majesty, casting into the shade the idle pomp and un meaning pageantry of the coronation of kings and em perors. After this ceremony had been completed, the President stepped to the front of the platform, was jreeted with enthusiastic cheers, and pr6o6s<3ed to read tho INAUGURAL ADDRESS. Mr Cot NTRYMRN ? It is a relief to feel that no heart but my own can know the personal regret and bitter sorrow over which I have been borne to a position so suitable for others, rather than desirablo for myself. The circumstances under which I have been called, for a limited period, to pre?ide over the destinios of tho re public, till me with a profound sense of responsibility, but with nothing like shrinking apprehension. I repair to the post assigned me, not to one sought, but in obedi ence to the unsolicited expression of your will, answer able only for a fearless, faithful, and diligent exercise of xcy best powers. I ought to be, and am, truly grateful for the rare mani festation of the nation's confidence; but this, so far from lightening my obligations, only adds to their weight. You have summoned me in my weakness : you must sus tain me by your strength. When looking for the fulfil ment of reasonable requirements, you will not be un mindful of the great changes which have occurred, even within the last quarter of a century, ami the con'eqtient augmentation and complexity of duties Imposed, in tho administration both of your home and foreign affairs. Whether the elements of inherent fore in the reptib lie have kept pace with Its unparalleled progression In territory, population, and wealth, has been the subject of earnest thought and discussion, on both sides of the ocean I^sss than sixty-three years ago, the Father of his conntry made ''the" then 4 recent accession of the imjiortant State of North Carolina to the constitution of the I'niteil States" one of the subjects of his special congratulation. At that moment, however, when the agitation consequent upon tho Revolutionary struggle had hardly subsided, when we were just emerging from the weakness and embarrassments of the confederation, there was an evident consciousness of vigor equal to tho grrat mission so wisely and bravely fulfilled by our fathers. It was not a presumptuous assurance, but a calm faith, springing from a clear view of the sources of power In a government constituted like ours. It is no paradox to say that, although comparatively vseak, the new born nation was intrinsically strong In considerable in population and apparent resources, it wns upheld by a bioad and intelligent comprehension of rights, and an all pervading purpose to maintain them, stronger than armaments. It came from the furnace of the Revolution, tempered to the ne cessities of the tiices. The thoughts of the men of that day were as practical as their senti ments were patriotic. They wasted no portion of their energies upon idle and delusive speculations; but, with a firm and fearless step, advanced beyond the governmental landmarks which had hitherto circumscribed the limits of human freedom, and planted their standard whtre it has stood, afaiust dangers which have threatened from abroad, and internal agitation, which has at times fearfully mcnaced at home. Tliey approved themselves equal to tho solution of the great problan, to understand which their minds liad been illuminatod by the dawning lights of the revolution. Thoobjtct sought waH not a thing dreamed of? it wn3 a thing io alized. Tliey had exhibited, not only tho power to achieve, but what all history affirms to be so much more unusual, the capacity to maintain. Tho opprossud throughout tho v. oild, from that day to the present, have turned thelrcyes hitherward, not to find those light* c.-; tingnifhed, or to fear lest they should wane, but to bo constantly chcered by their steady and increasing radi ance. In this our country has, In my judgment, thus far, ful filled its highest duty to suffering humanity It has spoken, and will coutinuo to .spoak, not only by its wordi but by its acts, tho Wnguage of sympathy, encourage ment, and hope, to those who earnestly listen to tones which pronounce for the largest rational liberty. But, after all, the most animating encouragement and potent appeal for freedom will be its own history, its trials, and it? triumphs. Pre-eminently, tho power of our ad vccaey reposes in our example; but no example, be it remembered, can be powerful for lasting good, whatever apparent advantages may be gained, which is not based upon eternal principles of right and justice. Our fa thers decided for themselves, both upon tho hour to de clare and the hour to strike. They woro their own judges of tho circumstances under which it becamo them to plodgo to each other "their lives, their for tunes, and their sacred honor," for the acquisition of tho priceless inheritanse transmitted to us. The energy with which that great conflict was opened, and, under tho guidance or a manirest and beneficent Providence, tho un complaining endurance with which it was prosecuted to its consummation, were only surpassed by the wisdom and patriotic spirit of concession which characterized all the counsels of the oarly fathers. One of tho most impressive evidences of that wisdom is to be found in the fact, that the actual working ot our system has dispelled a degree of solicitude which at the outset disturbed bold hearts and far-reaching in tellects. The apprehension of dangers from extended territory, multiplied States, accumulated wealth, and augmented population, has proved to be unfounded. The stars upon your banner have be oorne nearly threefold their original number, your dense ly populated possessions skirt the shores of tho two great oceans, and yet this vast increase of people and territory has not only shown itself compatible with the harmonious action the States and the federal government in their respective constitutional spheros, but has af forded an additional guarantee of the strength and in tegrity of both. With an experience thus suggestive and cheering, the policy of my administration will not be controlled by any timid forebodings of evil from expansion. Indeed, it is not to be disguised that our attitude as a nation, and our position on the globe, render the acquisition of certain possessions, not within our jurisdiction, eminently im portant for our protection, if not, in the future, essen tial for the preservation of the rights of commerce and the peace of the world. Should they be obtainedi it will be through no grasping spirit, but with a'vieiv to obvious national inter - 1 and security, and in a manner entirely consistent with ihe strictest observance of na tional faith. We have nothing in our history or position to invite aggression; wo have everything to beckon as to tho cultivation of relations of peace and amity with all nations. Purposes, tiu refnre, at once just and pacifio, will be signify,- utiy marked in the conduct of our foreign affairs. 1 int nd that my administration shall leave no >> t opo ? r fair record, and trust I may safely give e ? . uict :hat no act within the legiti mate scope oi u re natitu . >p?i control will be tolerated, on the part c, ? . j rt , >ur citisens, which cannot challenge a ready justification before the tribunal of the civilized world. An administration would be unworthy of confidence at homo or respect abroad, should it cease to be influenced by the conviction, that no apparent advantage can be purchased at a price so dear as that of national wrong or dishonor. It is not your privlloge, as a nation, to speak of a distant past. The striking incidents of your history replete with instruction, and furniihing abundant grounds for hopeful confldencc, are comprised In a period comparatively brief. But if your past is limited, your future is boundlesa. Its obligations throng the unexplored pathway of advancement, and will be limitless as duration. Hence, a sound and compre hensive policy should embrace, not less the distant future, than the urgent pretent. The great objects of our pursuit, as a people, are best to be attained by peace, and are entirely consistent with the tranquility and interests of the rest of mankind. With the neighboring nations upon our continent we should cultivate kindly and fraternal relations. We can desiie nothing in regard to them so much as ta see them consolidate their strength and pursue the paths of pros perity and happiness. If, in the course of their growth, we should open new channels of trade, and creato ad ditional facilities for friendly intercourse, the benetlts realized will be equal and mutual. Of tho com plicated European systems of national polity we have heretofore been independent. From their wars, their tumults and anxieties, we have been, happily, almo?t entirely exempt. Whilst these are con fined te the nations which gave them existence, Land within their legitimate jurisdiction, they cannot affect us, except as they appeal to our sympathies In the cause of human freedom and universal advancement But tho vast interests of commerce are common to ail mankind, and the advantages of trade and international intercour.o must always present a noble field for the moral lnflucnco of a great'ptople. With these view* firmly anil honestly carried out, we have a right to expect, and shall under all circumstance) require, prompt reciprocity. Tlie rights which belong t? us an a nation, are not alone to be regarded, but those which JiMtftln to every citizen in his Individual capacity, at home and abroad, must bo saoredly maintained. So long an he can discern every star in its place upon that ensign, without wraith to purchase for him proferment, or title to secure for him place, it will lie his privilege, and must be bis acknowledged right, to stand unabashed even in the pri* sence of princes, with a proud consciousness that he i I himself oive of a nation of sovereigns, and that lie can not, in legitimate pursuit, wander so far from homo that the agent whom he shall leave behind in the placo which I now occupy will not see that no rudn hand of power or tyrannical passion is laid upon him with impunity. He must realize that upon every sea, and on every soil, where our enterprise mar rightfully seek the protection of our Hag. American citizenship is an invio lable panoply for the security of American rights. And, in this connexion, it can hardly bo necessary to re aflinn a principle which should now be regarded as fundamen tal. The rights, security, and repose of this Confederacy reject the idea of interference or colonization on this side of the ocean by any foroign power, beyond present jurisdiction, as utterly inadmissible. The opportunities of observation furnished by my brief experience as a soldier, confirmed in my own mind the opinion entertained and acted upon by others from the formation of the government, that the maintenance of large standing armies in our country would be not only dangerous, but unnecessary. They aUo illustrated the importance ? I might well say the absolute necessity? of the military science and practical skill furnished in such an eminont degree by the institution which ha* made your army what it is, under tho discipline and instruction of officers not more distinguished for their solid attainments, gallantry, and devotion to the public service, than^ for unobtrusive liearlng and high moral tone. The . army, as organited, must be the nucleus around which in everj tlmo of need the strength of your military power, the sure bulwark of your defetce? a national mi litia? may be readily formed into a well disciplined and efficient organization. And the skill and self devotion of the navy assure yon that you may t ke the performance Of the pnst as a pled ge for the future, and may confidently expect that the flaj which has waved its uaUrnUked fold* over every sea will still float in undiminished honor. Rut tlieiw, like man/ other subject*, will be appropriate ly brought at a future time ti the attent on of the co ordinate branches of the government, to wliick I shall always look with profound respect, and with trustful con fidence that they will accord to me the aid and support which I shall so much need, and which their experience and wisdom will readily suggest. In the administration of domestic affairs you expect a devoted integrity in the public service, and an obser vance of rigid economy in all departments, so marked as never justly to be questioned. If this reasonable expectation be not realized, I frankly confoss that one of your Uading hopes is doomed to disappointment, 1 and that my efforts, in a very important par ticular, muBt result in a humiliating failure. Offices can be properly regarded only in the light of aids for the ?CC< ?n,j'H*hiuent of these objects; and as occupancy can cont'd' no prerogative, nor importunate dosire for prefer ment any claim, tho public interest imperatively demands that they be considered with sole reference to the duties to be performed. Good citizens may well c'aim the protection of good laws and tho benign influence cf good government ; hut a claim for office is what the people of a republic ihould never recognise. No reasonable man of any party will expect the administration to bo so regardless of its responsibility. ar.d of the obvious elements of success, as to retain persons known to be unds r the influence of political hostility and partisan prejudice, in positions which will require not only severe labor, hut cordial co operation. Having no implied engagements to ratify, no rewards to bestow, no resentments to remem ber. and no personal wishes to consult, in selections for official station ? I shall fulfil this difficult and delicato trust, admitting no motive as worthy either of my cha racter or position whioh does not contoinplato an effi cient discharge of duty and the best Interests of my country. I acknowledge my obligations to the was tes of my countrymen, and to them aloue. Higher object* than personal aggrandizement gave direction ?nd energy to th?ir esertions in the late canvass, and they shall not be disappointed. They require at my hands diligence, integrity, and capacity, wherever there are duties to be performed. Without these qualities in their public servants, more stringent laws for tho in vention or punishment of fraud, negligence, and pecula tion. will be vain. With them, they will bo unnooeV 'lBut these are not the only points to which you look for vigilant watchfulness. The dangers of a concentration of all power in the general government of a confederacy like ours|are too obvious to be disregarded. You have a right, therefore, to oxpect your agents, in every department, to regard strictly the limits imposed upon them by the con stitutlon of the United States. The great scheme of our constitutional liberty rests upon a proper distribution of power betwoen tho State and Federal authorities; and experience has shown that tho harmony and happiness of our people must depend upon a just discrimination between tho separate rightsand responsibilities of the States, and j our common rights and obligations under the Goneral Government. And here, in mv opinion, are the considerations which should form the true basis of future concerd In regard to the questions which have most seriously disturbed public tranquillity. If the federal government will conflne itself to the exer cise of rowers clearly granted by the constitution, it can hardly happen i\ at its action upon any question should endanger the institutions of tho States, or interfere with their right to manage matters strictly domestic accord ing to the will ol their own people. y In expressing briefly my views upon an important sub ject which has recently agitated the nation to almost a fearful degree, I am moved by no other iropula? than a most earnest desire for the perpetuation of that Union which has made us what we are? showering upon us blessings and conferring a power and influence which our fathers could hardly have anticipated even with their most sanguine hopes directed to a far-off future. The senti ments I now announce were not unknown before the expres blon of tho voice which called me here. My own position upon this subject was clear and unequivocal, upon the re cord of my words and my acts, and it Is only recurred to at this time because silence might, perhaps, bo mlrco/istrued. With the Union my best and dearest earthl ? hofta are entwined. Without it, what are we IntiMtnally or cellMtivoly hat incomes of the noblest field ever opened for the advancement ol our race in religion, in government, in the arts, and In all that dignifies and adornj mankind? From that radiant constellation, which both illumines our own way and points out to struggling nation* their course, let but a single star be lost, and, if there be not utter darkness, tho lustre of the whole Is dimmed. Lo my countrymen need any assurance that such a catas trophe is not to overtake them while I possess the power to stay it? It is with me an earnest and vital bclier, that as the Union has been the source, under Providence, of our prosperity to this time, so it is the surest pledge of a continuance of the blessings we l.a*e enjoyed, and which we are sacredly bound to transmit un diminished to our children. The field of calm and free discussion In our country is open, and will always bo so; but It never has been and never can be traversed for tiood in a spirit of sectionalism and uncharitableness. The founders of the republic dealt with things as tlicy were presented to them, in a spirit of self sacrilicing pa triotism, and, as time lias proved, with a comprehensive wisdom which it will, always bo safe for us to consult. Every measure, teudlng to strengthen tho fraternal feel ings of all the members of our Union has had my hoart felt approbation. To every theory of society or govern ment whether the offspring of feverish ambition or of morbid enthusiasm, calculated to dissolve the bonds of law and nffec ion which unite us, I shall interpose a ready and stern resistance. I believe that Involuntary servitude, as it exists in different States of this confedera cy, is recognised by the constitution I believe that it stands like any other admitted right, and that the States wherein it exists are entitled to efficient remedies to enforce tho constitutional Provisions, hold! that tho laws of I860, commonly called the com promise measures," arc strictly constitutional, and to be unhesitatingly carried into effect. I believe that the constituted authorities of this republic are bound to re gard the rights of the South in this respect, as they v.tiuid view Any Other legal and constitutional right, and that the laws to enforce them should be respected anl obeyed, not with a reluctance encouraged by abstract opinion* as to their propriety in a different state of roclety, but cheerfully, and according to the da cision* of the tribunal to which their exposition belongs. Such ki ave been .and are ' my convictions, and upon them 1 shall act. 1 fervently hope that the question is at refit, and that no sectional, or ambitious or tAiiatical ex citement may again threaten the durability of our insti tutions. or obscure the light of our prosperity. Hut let not the foundation of our hope rent upon man's wisdom I', will not be Kuflicient that sectional prejudice find no place in the public deliberation?. It will not bo sufliclent that the rash counsels of human passion are re jected. It oust be felt that there i< no national security but in the nation's humble, acknowledged dependence upon God ami his overruling providence. We have been carried in safety through a perilous crisis, Wi. e counsel*, like those wnich gave us the con stitution prevailed to uphold it. I<et the period be re membered att an a lmonition, and not as an encourage ment, in any section of the Union, to make experiment* where experiment* are iraught with such fearful hazard, l et It be Impressed upon all heart*, that, beautiful as our fabric is, no earthly power or wisdom could ever re unite it* brokeh fragment* Handing a* I do, ahno*t within view of the gr"en slopes of Monticello. and, a* it were, within reach of the tomb of Washington, with all the cherished memories of the I ast gathering around me. like so many eloquent voices f f exhortation from He%ven, I can express no bettor hoj>e for my country, than that the kind 1'rovidence which smiled upon our father* may enable their children to preserve the blessing* they have inherited. The leading of the address was followed by loud cheer ing and the firing of cannon, and enthusiasm prevailed to the greatest extent. General I'ierce delivered his Inaugural address, after taking off his overcoat, amid Immense cheering, just ex actly as if he were delivering an extempore speech lie had n? paper or any notes, but delivered the address beauti fully and gracefully, without a blemish, to the end. It will be remembered that Presidents Taylor, Polk, and others, read their addresses from the manuscript. When he came to that part of his address which related to tho protection of American citizens abroad, he turned face to face with Mr. Fillmore and the diplomatic oorps, and laid down the law with thrilling emphasis, and when he again turned to the mas* of the people In front, occupying the vast square below, they shouted with delight, and overy maa of the fifty thousand in the streeta declared that Pierce is tho man for the time*. On the completion of the address, tho procession again formed, and p'occc 'el >lonj the avcuue, escort aj Pre sident I'iercc to tlio executive mansion, ana leaving Mr. Fillmore at Willard's. The immense area on tiie eastern front of the Capitol was one compact mas* of people, not one third of whom could bear. President I'ierce i? a graceful anl striking speaker, and hi* voice, although not e<iunl to reach to the extent of the enormous multitude that surrounded him, was clear and distinct, and hi* style of delivery was excellent. Oe has appeared remarkably elastic, cool, and self pos sessed for the last few days, but fsjiecially to day. He rose at daylight and liarf beta busy the entire day, and he evidently feels that ft has the game in hand and intends to hold it. Mr. Fillmore's cabinet made tlio best of their time to the last moment. For weeks past they have beon filling cflloes with bogus democrats, appointed at the solicita tion of whigs who resigned. Kven as late as yesterday a postmaster iu th? SUte of New York was appointed in this way. The whole matter will bo thoroughly investi gated. A company of fantasticals, drer.-cd in rags and tatters, marched along the avenue whilst the procession was passing, who received some rough usage. The pageant is ovtr and the multitudo is dispersing. This is n revolution of the government in a carnival. I .urge masses followed the l*resldent to the Whito House, and waited upon him in the usual reception room. Mr. Fillmore took immediate possession of the anart ments at Willanl's, just vacated by General Fierce, in tending to occupy tliein for a few days prior to the com mencement of his Southern tour Snow continued falling slightly during the day, molting as it fell, and not particularly interfering with the in augural ceremonies. This evening several balls and other entertainments are given to the military and other guests. The hotels and boarding houses, though somewhat re lieved, are still thronged. THE LATKST. STOTUL 1T.JEGRAP1IIC COBKEsMWDKNCE OK TUK NEW YORK HKKAI D. Washington, March 1 ? 10 F. M. It is reported that after tho inaugural General Scott thanked the President for his remarks on West Point and the army. After having received a host of people at the White House, Gcneial Pierce retired, and the doors closed. Kx l*resident Fillmore took up his quarters at three o'clock In the rooms at Willard's, vacated by his successor two hours previously. A few friends dined with General Pierce at the White House, but Mr. Fillmore, consulting the Geneial's repcao, declined. Thoy will dine together' perhaps to morrow. The While House is closed to night to all visiters. Its new occupant has made a mighty sensation to-day. At eight o'clock the storm continued, and the army of incursion was leaving by thousands. Viivla KepMique ! UNIOX. HUtoilcnl Notice* or tlie Inauguration oftlie Presidents. The occasion of the inauguration of a new Presi dent renders appropriate the following sketch which v e have prepared of the various inaugurations since the organization of the government. We omit the second inaugurations of the five Presidents who were re-elected, as they were but matters of form of little interest. We precede the notices by a list of the Presidents and Vice Presidents who have been eleeted :? ''presidents and vice m ekipknts of tub united STATES, FRO* THE ADOPTION oy T1IE CONSTITU TION TO THE PRESENT TIME. frtsitlcnif ?'i>< Pmiienls. Ix-aan 1. George Washington Jolin Adams 178g. ? T , d? .. .1798. John Adams Thomas Jefferson 1797. J. lhomfts Jefferson Aaron Burr 1801. . T George Clinton 1806. 4. Janie.i Madison do. .... ]80fl , ?. FJbridge Gerry I8I3! 5. James Monroe Daniel I), lomnkins .. 1817. Do. jo. ?. Jolin Quincy Adams Join. C. Calhoun. ..'.'.i! 18-26' 7. Andrew Jackson do. a \f ? Martin Van Bureii 18.13! 0 *m J?"re" Richard M. Johnson .. .1837. 0. ? Will lam 1J. Harri>on.. ..John Tyler 1841. John Tj' lor }},? KJ'olk George M. Pallas 184f?! Fillmore 1849. 1J. Millard F illmors I,'? 141 Wm- King isox Hied in olllce and auececded by the Vice President. ACiLS OK THE RESPECTIVE PRESIDENTS AT THE TIME OF T1IEIR INAl'U 1'KATION. . Inaugural**. Age. 1. George Washington April 30, 178J .57 ?? ?? Adam.- March 4, 1797 tj4i o. Thomas .JHTcrson ...March 4 1S01 58 4. James Madison March 4' 1809 "s8 o. James Monroe Maic'u 4, 1817..,. 58 0. John (julncy Adams March 4, 18C5 "57 '? Andrew Ja cl. son March 4, 18? in \*n B,,r(,n March 4, 1S37 54 0 William Henry Harrison.. March 4, 1841 .... ' fiH 10. James Knox Polk March 1, 1845 . " ' ' "49 "? iach*77 ^ylor March 5, 1849 r4 12. Franklin Pierce March 4, 1853 ' "49 Averago ?ge of the Presidents. when elected, 58 " riUn, Tko'06 1'resi,d,'nt John Ti'ler was 51, and Millard 1 lln ore 50 yeais of age, at the period of succeodin? tD and TaUor n?^' the death of the Presidents, Harrison There have been nineteen presidential elections, of which five were re-elections of the President; and fourteen persons have held the office of President, in cluding Gen. Pierce. Thirteen persons have been | elected Vice President, of whom two, Clinton and | Gerry, died in office. Three of the persons who have been elected Vice President have been elevated (by election) to the Presidency, viz. : John Adams, Jefferson, and Van Buren. WASHINGTON ? 1789. 1 lie inauguration of George Washington, as the first President of the United States, took place in Now ^ ork, in the City Hall, then callcd Federal liall, situated where the Custom Honse now stands on Thursday, the 30th of April. 1789. The votes were counted by Congress on the Cth of April, and the official announcement was made to Washington, at Mount Vernon, on the 14th of April, by Charles Thompson, the special messenger despatched for the purpose. The President arrived in New York on the '-'3d of April, and was received with acclamations and military honors. One week afterwards, the arrange ments for the purpose being completed, the inaugu ration took place. To gratify the public curiosity, an open gallery, adjoining the Senate chamber, had been Eckcted by Congress as the place in which the ceremony should take place. The oath was adminis tered by Chancellor Livingston, after which the Pre sident returned to the Senate chamber, and delivered his inaugural address, which was at the same time his opening speech to both houses of Congre?. JOIIN ADAMS? 1797. The inauguration of John Adams, as the second 1 President of the United States, took place in Inde pendence, or Congress Hall, Philadelphia, on the ?Ith of March, 17H7, in the presence of a large con course of people, among whom were the ex -President, Washington, Mr. Jefferson, the Vice President elect, the heads of departments, many members of Congress, foreign ministers, and other distinguished persons. Mr. Adams, who na.< then in his sixty second year, was dressed in a full suit of pearl-colored broadcloth, and wore his hair powdered, a< was then the fashion. Before the oath of office was administered to the new President by the Chief Justice, he delivered his inau gural address. It was different from that of his pre decessor, which had been address*, I to Congress while in iession, while this of Mr. Adams was a declaration of his sentiments, without being ad dressed in the form afterwards adopted by Jeflerson : " Friends and fellow-citizens.'' The sentiments and style of Mr. Adams' inaugural produced a favor able impression upon the people. JEFFERSON? 1401. The inaugural address of Mr. Jefferson was de livered on the 4th of March, 1801 , in the new Capitol, at Washington, in presence of the Vice President, ( Burr,) the Senators, many members of the House of Representatives, the foreign ministers, and a large concourse of citiicns. The site of Washington city was then a comparative wilderness, and difficult of approach from the imperfect state of Uu romlq The oath of office was administered by Chief Justice Marshall , after the address was delivered. The Vioa President, Colonel Burr, took his seat in the Senate tlie same day. It was a day of gloom to the defeated federalists, and, of course, of joy to the successful republicans. mapison? 1S09. The inauguration of James Madison took place in the ( apitol, at Washington, on the 4th of March t 1H09. 1 ho oath of office was administered to the President by Chief Justice Marshall, in the presence of ex-President Jefferson? who Hat at the right hand of Madison? the members of the late cabinet, many members of Congress, foreign ministers, and a large concourse of citizens. The President was dressed in a plain suit of black, and delivered the address in a modest and dignified manner. MONROE ? 1817. Tlic inauguration of James Monroe, on the 4th of March, 1817, was preceded by a proccssion from the resilience of the President elect to Congress Hall, ia Washington city, where the usual ceremonies were performed. The President and Vice President elec were attended by a great number of citizens, a i an escort, and all entered the chamber of the Senate, which body was then is session; the Vice-President, Tompkins, took the chair, and the oath of office being administered to him, he delivered a short address. Ox President Madison and the Judges of the Supreme Court were present. After the ceremony, the Senate adjourned, and the President, with his attendants, proceeded to an ele vatcd portico temporarily erected for the occasion, where, in the presence of a large concourse of citi zens and strangers, lie delivered his inaugural ad dress, after which the oath of office was administered by Chief Justice Marshall. The number of persona present was estimated at over five thousand. The day was mild and pleasant. JOHN Q1TNCY ADAMS ? 1825. The inaugural address of Mr. Adams was delivered in the Capitol, on the 4th ol March, 1825. The Pre" sident elect, in a plain suit of black, ascended the steps to the Speaker's chair in the House of Repre sentatives, and took his seat. He was attended by the ex-President, Monroe, by the Judges of the Su preme Court, the Vice President, Calhoun, the Sen ators, and a number of members of the House. After silcnce was proclaimed, Mr. Adams rose and deliver ed his address, which was listened to with great at tention and interest. After the address, the Presi dent descended from tlie chair, and placing himself at the Judge's table, the oath of office was adminis tered to him by Chief Justicc Marshall, in presenoe of the immense audience of citizens and strangers who had assembled in the Capitol. JACK80N? 1829. On the 4th of March, 1820, the President elect was escorted from Gadsby's Hotel to the Capitol. There was a large assemblage of people at Washington to witness the ceremonies of the occasion. The President elect and other dignitaries first en tered the Senate chamber, and remained untfl the Senate adjourned, about noon, when a proces sion was formed to the eastern portico of the Capi tol, where, in the presence of the large assembly of spectators, General Jackson delivered his inaugural address. Having concluded it, the oath to support the constitution was administered to him by Chief Justicc Marshall. The day waa serene and mild, and every way favorable to the wishes of thoee who had come from a distance to witness the inaugura tion. General Jackson did not call upon President Adams, and the latter was not present at the ccre moDy of the 4th at the Capitol. VAN BIBEN? 1837. There was nothing peculiarly remarkable in the inauguration of Mr. Van liuren, on the 4th of March, 1837. General Jackson accompanied the President elect in a carriage to the Capitol, a procession having been formed, and the address was delivered from the eastern portico of the Capitol. The oath of offloe was administered, at the close, by Chief Justice Taney. The weather was remarkably pleasant, and, as tfeual, there was a large concourse of people present. HA11BI80N? 1841. Washington city was more thronged with people, at tlie inauguration of Harrison, on the 4th March, 1841 , than on any former occasion. The procession was large, and General Harrison was mounted on a white charger. As on former occasions, the in augural address was delivered from a platform on the cast portico of the Capitol. Previous to delivering the closing sentences, the oath of office was ad ministered by Chief Jnsticc Taney, after which the President pronounced the concluding passages of the address. polk? 1845. The ceremonies on the 4th of March, 1845, at the inauguration of Mr. Polk, were performed in the midst of a heavy raiu, which marred the enjoyments and defeated the expectations of many, and pre vented much of the intended exhibition and display* The procession moved from the headquarters of the President elect, at Coleman's Hotel, to the Capitol. The Senate being in session, the oath was adminis tered to Mr. Dallas, Vice Presidentelect, who deliver cd a brief address. The President elect, attended by ex President Tyler and Senator Woodbury, entered the Senate chamber, when a proccssion was formed to a platform on the cast front of the Capital, from which President Polk delivered his inaugural ad dress. Chief Justicc Taney then administered the oath of office, after which the President, quitting the Capitol, drove rapidly, by an indirect route, to the President's House, where he received, during the afternoon, the congratulations of his fellow-citizens. ] taylok? 1849. On Monday, March 5, 1849, the inaugnration of Gen. Taylor, as President of the United States, took place at the Capitol. The multitude of people as sembled on the occasion is snpposed to have been much larger than was ever before collected in Wash ington. The weather, although the sky was clouded, was as pleasant as usual at this season of the vcar. The procession moved from Willard's Hotel to the Capitol, the President elect being accompanied in the carriage by Ac ex-President, Mr. Speaker Win throp, and Mr. Scaton, the Mayor of Washington. The Senate being in session, Mr. Fillmore, the Vice President, after the oath was administered to him by the President two trm. ? Mr. Atchison? delivered an address, and took his seat as President of the Se nate. The President elect and attendants liaving en tered the Senate chamber, the usual procession was formed to the cast portico of the Capitol, where aa extensive platform had been ere a ted. At about one o'clock, General Taylor, in full view of at least twen ty thousand people, from all parts of the Union, de livered his inaugural address. It was read in a re markably distinct voice, and was enthusiastically responded to by the cheers of the people. As soon as the applause had subsided, the oath of office was administered to the President by Chief Justice Taney. The President then received congratulations from numerous persons present, Chief Justice Taney and ex-President Polk taking the lead. The Presi dent and the procession then retired down Penn sylvania avenue from the Capitol to the President's Houw, where General Taylor received, with his ac customed courtesy, the congratulations of thousands of his fellow citizens. # pikbce? 1853. The particulars of the inauguration of General Pierce, the fourteenth President of the United States, (or the twelfth elected to that office,) will be found in our columns of today, mder the appropriate Uwfl.